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  • Find the highest number of occurences in a column in SQL

    - by Ronnie
    Given this table: Order custName description to_char(price) A desa $14 B desb $14 C desc $21 D desd $65 E dese $21 F desf $78 G desg $14 H desh $21 I am trying to display the whole row where prices have the highest occurances, in this case $14 and $21 I believe there needs to be a subquery. So i started out with this: select max(count(price)) from orders group by price which gives me 3. after some time i didn't think that was helpful. i believe i needed the value 14 and 21 rather the the count so i can put that in the where clause. but I'm stuck how to display that. any help?

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  • MySQL Query Join Table Selecting Highest Date Value

    - by ALHUI
    Here is the query that I run SELECT cl.cl_id, cc_rego, cc_model, cl_dateIn, cl_dateOut FROM courtesycar cc LEFT JOIN courtesyloan cl ON cc.cc_id = cl.cc_id Results: 1 NXI955 Prado 2013-10-24 11:48:38 NULL 2 RJI603 Avalon 2013-10-24 11:48:42 2013-10-24 11:54:18 3 RJI603 Avalon 2013-10-24 12:01:40 NULL The results that I wanted are to group by the cc_rego values and print the most recent cl_dateIn value. (Only Display Rows 1,3) Ive tried to use MAX on the date and group by clause, but it combines rows, 2 & 3 together showing both the highest value of dateIn and dateOut. Any help will be appreciated.

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  • Math.max and Math.min outputting highest and lowest values allowed

    - by user1696162
    so I'm trying to make a program that will output the sum, average, and smallest and largest values. I have everything basically figured out except the smallest and largest values are outputting 2147483647 and -2147483647, which I believe are the absolute smallest and largest values that Java will compute. Anyway, I want to compute the numbers that a user enters, so this obviously isn't correct. Here is my class. I assume something is going wrong in the addValue method. public class DataSet { private int sum; private int count; private int largest; private int smallest; private double average; public DataSet() { sum = 0; count = 0; largest = Integer.MAX_VALUE; smallest = Integer.MIN_VALUE; average = 0; } public void addValue(int x) { count++; sum = sum + x; largest = Math.max(x, largest); smallest = Math.min(x, smallest); } public int getSum() { return sum; } public double getAverage() { average = sum / count; return average; } public int getCount() { return count; } public int getLargest() { return largest; } public int getSmallest() { return smallest; } } And here is my tester class for this project: public class DataSetTester { public static void main(String[] arg) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); ds.addValue(13); ds.addValue(-2); ds.addValue(3); ds.addValue(0); System.out.println("Count: " + ds.getCount()); System.out.println("Sum: " + ds.getSum()); System.out.println("Average: " + ds.getAverage()); System.out.println("Smallest: " + ds.getSmallest()); System.out.println("Largest: " + ds.getLargest()); } } Everything outputs correctly (count, sum, average) except the smallest and largest numbers. If anyone could point me in the right direction of what I'm doing wrong, that would be great. Thanks.

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  • How to limit JTextArea max Rows and Coloums?

    - by Billbo bug
    I am using JTextArea in JScrollPane I want to limit the maximum number of lines possible and the maximum chars in each line. I need that the string will be exactly like on the screen, each line will end with '\n' (if there another line after it) and the user will be able to insert only X lines and Y chars in each line. I tried to limit the lines but i don't know exactly how many lines do i have because of the line wrapping, The line wrapping is starting new line visualy on the screen(because of the width of the JTextArea) but in the string of the component it is really the same line with no '\n' to indicate new line. I do not have an idea how to limit the max chars in each line while typing. There are 2 stages: The typing of the string- keep that the user will not be able to type more then X lines and Y chars in each line. (even if the line wrap only visualy or the user typed '/n') Insert the string to the DB- after cliking 'OK' convert the string that every line will end with "/n" even if the user did not typed it and the line was wrapped only visualy. There are few problems if i will count the chars in the line and insert '/n' in the end of the line, thats why i decided to do it in two stages. In the first stage ehile the user is typing i would rather only limit it visualy and force line wrpping or something similar. Only in the second stage when i save string i will add the '/n' even if the user did not typed it in the end of the lines! Does anyone have an idea? I know that i will have to use DocumentFilter OR StyledDocument. Here is sample code that limit only the lines to 3:(but not the chars in row to 19) private JTextArea textArea ; textArea = new JTextArea(3,19); textArea .setLineWrap(true); textArea .setDocument(new LimitedStyledDocument(3)); JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea public class LimitedStyledDocument extends DefaultStyledDocument /** Field maxCharacters */ int maxLines; public LimitedStyledDocument(int maxLines) { maxCharacters = maxLines; } public void insertString(int offs, String str, AttributeSet attribute) throws BadLocationException { Element root = this.getDefaultRootElement(); int lineCount = getLineCount(str); if (lineCount + root.getElementCount() <= maxLines){ super.insertString(offs, str, attribute); } else { Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep(); } } /** * get Line Count * * @param str * @return the count of '\n' in the String */ private int getLineCount(String str){ String tempStr = new String(str); int index; int lineCount = 0; while (tempStr.length() > 0){ index = tempStr.indexOf("\n"); if(index != -1){ lineCount++; tempStr = tempStr.substring(index+1); } else{ break; } } return lineCount; } }

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  • Uploading files to varbinary(max) in SQL Server -- works on one server, not the other

    - by pjabbott
    I have some code that allows users to upload file attachments into a varbinary(max) column in SQL Server from their web browser. It has been working perfectly fine for almost two years, but all of a sudden it stopped working. And it stopped working on only the production database server -- it still works fine on the development server. I can only conclude that the code is fine and there is something up with the instance of SQL Server itself. But I have no idea how to isolate the problem. I insert a record into the ATTACHMENT table, only inserting non-binary data like the title and the content type, and then chunk-upload the uploaded file using the following code: // get the file stream System.IO.Stream fileStream = postedFile.InputStream; // make an upload buffer byte[] fileBuffer; fileBuffer = new byte[1024]; // make an update command SqlCommand fileUpdateCommand = new SqlCommand("update ATTACHMENT set ATTACHMENT_DATA.WRITE(@Data, NULL, NULL) where ATTACHMENT_ID = @ATTACHMENT_ID", sqlConnection, sqlTransaction); fileUpdateCommand.Parameters.Add("@Data", SqlDbType.Binary); fileUpdateCommand.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ATTACHMENT_ID", newId); while (fileStream.Read(fileBuffer, 0, fileBuffer.Length) > 0) { fileUpdateCommand.Parameters["@Data"].Value = fileBuffer; fileUpdateCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(); <------ FAILS HERE } fileUpdateCommand.Dispose(); fileStream.Close(); Where it says "FAILS HERE", it sits for a while and then I get a SQL Server timeout error on the very first iteration through the loop. If I connect to the development database instead, everything works fine (it runs through the loop many, many times and the commit is successful). Both servers are identical (SQL Server 9.0.3042) and the schemas are identical as well. When I open Activity Monitor right after the timeout to see what's going it, it says the last command is (@Data binary(1024),@ATTACHMENT_ID decimal(4,0))update ATTACHMENT set ATTACHMENT_DATA.WRITE(@Data, NULL, NULL) where ATTACHMENT_ID = @ATTACHMENT_ID which I would expect but it also says it has a status of "Suspended" and a wait type of "PAGEIOLATCH_SH". I looked this up and it seems to be a bad thing but I can't find anything specific to my stuation. Ideas?

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  • adresse book with C programming, i have problem with library i think, couldn't complite my code

    - by osabri
    I've divided my code in small programm so it can be easy to excute /* ab_error.c : in case of errors following messages will be displayed */ #include "adressbook.h" static char *errormsg[] = { "", "\nNot enough space on disk", "\nCannot open file", "\nCannot read file", "\nCannot write file" }; void check(int error) { switch(error) { case 0: return; case 1: write_file(); case 2: case 3: case 4: system("cls"); fputs(errormsg[error], stderr); exit(error); } } 2nd /* ab_fileio.c : functions for file input/output */ include "adressbook.h" static char ab_file[] = "ADRESSBOOK.DAT"; //file to save the entries int read_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *new_e, *last_e = NULL; DATA buffer; if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "rb")) == NULL) return -1; //no file found while (fread(&buffer, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) == 1) //reads one list element after another { if( (new_e = make_element()) == NULL) { error = 1; break; //not enough space } new_e->person = buffer; //copy data to new element new_e->next = NULL; if(hol.first == NULL) //list is empty? hol.first = new_e; //yes else last_e->next = new_e; //no last_e = new_e; ++hol.amount; } if( !error && !feof(fp) ) error = 3; //cannot read file fclose(fp); return error; } /-------------------------------/ int write_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *p; if( (p = hol.first) == NULL) return 0; //list is empty if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "wb")) == NULL) return 2; //cannot open while( p!= NULL) { if( fwrite(&p->person, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) < 1) { error = 4; break; //cannot write } p = p->next; } fclose(fp); return error; } 3rd /* ab_list.c : functions to manipulate the list */ #include "adressbook.h" HOL hol = {0, NULL}; //global definition for head of list /* -------------------- */ ELEMENT *make_element(void) { return (ELEMENT *)malloc( sizeof(ELEMENT) ); } /* -------------------- */ int ins_element( DATA *newdata) { ELEMENT *new_e, *pre_p; if((new_e = make_element()) == NULL) return 1; new_e ->person = *newdata; // copy data to new element pre_p = search(new_e->person.family_name); if(pre_p == NULL) //no person in list { new_e->next = hol.first; //put it to the begin hol.first = new_e; } else { new_e->next = pre_p->next; pre_p->next = new_e; } ++hol.amount; return 0; } int erase_element( char name, char surname ) { return 0; } /* ---------------------*/ ELEMENT *search(char *name) { ELEMENT *sp, *retp; //searchpointer, returnpointer retp = NULL; sp = hol.first; while(sp != NULL && sp->person.family_name != name) { retp = sp; sp = sp->next; } return(retp); } 4th /* ab_screen.c : functions for printing information on screen */ #include "adressbook.h" #include <conio.h> #include <ctype.h> /* standard prompts for in- and output */ static char pgmname[] = "---- Oussama's Adressbook made in splendid C ----"; static char options[] = "\ 1: Enter new adress\n\n\ 2: Delete entry\n\n\ 3: Change entry\n\n\ 4: Print adress\n\n\ Esc: Exit\n\n\n\ Your choice . . .: "; static char prompt[] = "\ Name . . . .:\n\ Surname . . :\n\n\ Street . . .:\n\n\ House number:\n\n\ Postal code :\n\n\ Phone number:"; static char buttons[] = "\ <Esc> = cancel input <Backspace> = correct input\ <Return> = assume"; static char headline[] = "\ Name Surname Street House Postal code Phone number \n\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------"; static char further[] = "\ -------- continue with any key --------"; /* ---------------------------------- */ int menu(void) //show menu and read user input { int c; system ("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); printf("%s", options); while( (c = getch()) != ESC && (c < '1' || c > '4')) putch('\a'); return c; } /* ---------------------------------- */ int print_adr_book(void) //display adressbook { int line = 1; ELEMENT *p = hol.first; system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(2,0); puts(headline); set_cur(5,0); while(p != NULL) //run through list and show entries { printf("%5d %-15s ",line, p->person.family_name); printf("%-12s %-15s ", p->person.given_name, p->person.street); printf("%-4d %-5d %-12d\n",p->person.house_number, p->person.postal_code, p->person.phone); p = p->next; if( p == NULL || ++line %16 == 1) //end of list or screen is full { set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",further); if( getch() == ESC) return 0; set_cur(5,0); scroll_up(0,5,24);//puts(headline); } } return 0; } /* -------------------------------------------*/ int make_entry(void) { char cache[50]; DATA newperson; ELEMENT *p; while(1) { system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); puts("Please enter new data:"); set_cur(10,0); puts(prompt); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",buttons); balken(10, 25, MAXL, ' ',0x70); //input name if(input(newperson.family_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(12,25, MAXL, ' ', 0x70); //surname if(input(newperson.given_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(14,25, 30, ' ', 0x70); //street if(input(newperson.street, 30, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(16,25, 4, ' ',0x70); //housenumber if(input(cache, 4, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.house_number = atol(cache); //to string balken(18,25, 5, ' ',0x70); //postal code if(input(cache, 5, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.postal_code = atol(cache); //to string balken(20,25, 20, ' ',0x70); //phone number if(input(cache, 20, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.phone = atol(cache); //to string p = search(newperson.phone); if( p!= NULL && p->person.phone == newperson.phone) { set_cur(22,25); puts("phonenumber already exists!"); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s, further"); getch(); continue; } } } 5th /* adress_book_project.c : main program to create an adressbook */ /* copyrights by Oussama Sabri, June 2010 */ #include "adressbook.h" //project header file int main() { int rv, cmd; //return value, user command if ( (rv = read_file() ) == -1) // no data saved yet rv = make_entry(); check(rv); //prompts an error and quits program on disfunction do { switch (cmd = menu())//calls menu and gets user input back { case '1': rv = make_entry(); break; case '2': //delete entry case '3': //changes entry rv = change_entry(cmd); break; case '4': //prints adressbook on screen rv = print_adr_book(); break; case ESC: //end of program system ("cls"); rv = 0; break; } }while(cmd!= ESC); check ( write_file() ); //save adressbook return 0; } 6th /* Getcb.c --> Die Funktion getcb() liefert die naechste * * Tastatureingabe (ruft den BIOS-INT 0x16 auf). * * Return-Wert: * * ASCII-Code bzw. erweiterter Code + 256 */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> int getcb(void) { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 0; // Subfunktion 0: ein Zeichen // von der Tastatur lesen. int86( 0x16, &intregs, &intregs); if( intregs.h.al != 0) // Falls ASCII-Zeichen, return (intregs.h.al); // dieses zurueckgeben. else // Sonst den erweiterten return (intregs.h.ah + 0x100); // Code + 256 } 7th /* PUTCB.C --> enthaelt die Funktionen * * - putcb() * * - putcb9() * * - balken() * * - input() * * * * Es werden die Funktionen 9 und 14 des Video-Interrupts * * (ROM-BIOS-Interrupt 0x10) verwendet. * * * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen stehen in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb(c) gibt das Zeichen auf der aktuellen Cursor-Position * am Bildschirm aus. Der Cursor wird versetzt. * Steuerzeichen Back-Space, CR, LF und BELL werden * ausgefuehrt. * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb(unsigned char c) /* Gibt das Zeichen in c auf */ { /* den Bildschirm aus. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 14; /* Subfunktion 14 ("Teletype") */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.h.bl = 0xf; /* Vordergrund-Farbe im */ /* Grafik-Modus. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb9(c,count,mode) gibt das Zeichen in c count-mal im * angegebenen Modus auf der aktuellen * Cursor-Position am Bildschirm aus. * Der Cursor wird nicht versetzt. * * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb9( unsigned char c, /* das Zeichen */ unsigned count, /* die Anzahl */ unsigned mode ) /* Low-Byte: das Atrribut */ { /* High-Byte: die Bildschirmseite*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 9; /* Subfunktion 9 des Int 0x10 */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.x.bx = mode; intregs.x.cx = count; int86( VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * balken() positioniert den Cursor und zeichnet einen Balken, * wobei Position, L„nge, Fllzeichen und Attribut * als Argumente bergeben werden. * Der Cursor bleibt auf der ersten Position im Balken. */ void balken( unsigned int zeile, /* Start-Position */ unsigned int spalte, unsigned int laenge, /* Laenge des Balkens */ unsigned char c, /* Fuellzeichen */ unsigned int modus) /* Low-Byte: Attribut */ /* High-Byte: Bildschirmseite */ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; /* Cursor auf der angegebenen */ intregs.h.dh = zeile; /* Bildschirmseite versetzen. */ intregs.h.dl = spalte; intregs.h.bh = (modus >> 8); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); putcb9(c, laenge, modus); /* Balken ausgeben. */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * input() liest Zeichen von der Tastatur ein und haengt '\0' an. * Mit Backspace kann die Eingabe geloescht werden. * Das Attribut am Bildschirm bleibt erhalten. * * Argumente: 1. Zeiger auf den Eingabepuffer. * 2. Anzahl maximal einzulesender Zeichen. * 3. Die optionalen Argumente: Zeichen, mit denen die * Eingabe abgebrochen werden kann. * Diese Liste muá mit CR = '\r' enden! * Return-Wert: Das Zeichen, mit dem die Eingabe abgebrochen wurde. */ #include <stdarg.h> int getcb( void); /* Zum Lesen der Tastatur */ int input(char *puffer, int max,... ) { int c; /* aktuelles Zeichen */ int breakc; /* Abruchzeichen */ int nc = 0; /* Anzahl eingelesener Zeichen */ va_list argp; /* Zeiger auf die weiteren Arumente */ while(1) { *puffer = '\0'; va_start(argp, max); /* argp initialisieren */ c = getcb(); do /* Mit Zeichen der Abbruchliste vergleichen */ if(c == (breakc = va_arg(argp,int)) ) return(breakc); while( breakc != '\r' ); va_end( argp); if( c == '\b' && nc > 0) /* Backspace? */ { --nc; --puffer; putcb(c); putcb(' '); putcb(c); } else if( c >= 32 && c <= 255 && nc < max ) { ++nc; *puffer++ = c; putcb(c); } else if( nc == max) putcb('\7'); /* Ton ausgeben */ } } 8th /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* BIO.H --> Enthaelt die Prototypen der BIOS-Funktionen. */ /* --- Funktionen in VIDEO.C --- */ extern void scroll_up(int anzahl, int anf_zeile,int end_zeile); extern void scroll_down(int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile); extern void set_cur(int zeile, int spalte); extern void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte); extern void cls(void); extern int get_screen_page(void); extern void set_screen_page(int page); /* --- Funktionen in GETCB.C / PUTCB.C --- */ extern int getcb(void); extern void putcb(int c); extern void putcb9(int c, unsigned count, unsigned modus); extern void balken(int zeile, int spalte, int laenge, int c, unsigned modus); extern int input(char *puffer, int max,... ); need your help, can't find my mistakes:((

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  • sql charateristic function for avg dates

    - by holden
    I have a query which I use to grab specific dates and a price for the date, but now I'd like to use something similar to grab the avg prices for particular days of the week. Here's my current query which works for specific dates to pull from a table called availables: SELECT rooms.name, rooms.roomtype, rooms.id, max(availables.updated_at), MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 0, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day1, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 1, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day2, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 2, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day3, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 3, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day4, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 4, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day5, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 5, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day6, MAX(IF(to_days(availables.bookdate) - to_days('2009-12-10') = 6, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day7, MIN(spots) as spots FROM `availables` INNER JOIN rooms ON availables.room_id=rooms.id WHERE rooms.hotel_id = '5064' AND bookdate BETWEEN '2009-12-10' AND DATE_ADD('2009-12-10', INTERVAL 6 DAY) GROUP BY rooms.name ORDER BY rooms.ppl My first stab which doesn't work, probably because the DAYSOFWEEK function is much different from the to_days... SELECT rooms.id, rooms.name, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 0, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day1, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 1, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day2, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 2, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day3, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 3, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day4, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 4, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day5, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 5, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day6, MAX(IF(DAYOFWEEK(availables.bookdate) - DAYOFWEEK('2009-12-10') = 6, (availables.price*0.66795805223432), '')) AS day7,rooms.ppl AS spots FROM `availables` INNER JOIN `rooms` ON `rooms`.id = `availables`.room_id WHERE (rooms.hotel_id = 5064 AND rooms.ppl > 3 AND availables.price > 0 AND availables.spots > 1) GROUP BY rooms.name ORDER BY rooms.ppl Maybe i'm making this crazy hard and someone knows a much simpler way. It takes data that looks like this #Availables id room_id price spots bookdate 1 26 $5 5 2009-10-20 2 26 $6 5 2009-10-21 to: +----+-------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+------+------+------+------+ | id | spots | name | day1 | day2 | day3 | day4 | day5 | day6 | day7 | +----+-------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+------+------+------+------+ | 25 | 4 | Blue Room | 14.9889786921381408 | 14.9889786921381408 | 14.9889786921381408 | | | | | | 26 | 6 | Whatever | 13.7398971344599624 | 13.7398971344599624 | 13.7398971344599624 | | | | | | 27 | 8 | Some name | 11.2417340191036056 | 11.2417340191036056 | 11.2417340191036056 | | | | | | 28 | 8 | Another | 9.9926524614254272 | 9.9926524614254272 | 9.9926524614254272 | | | | | | 29 | 10 | Stuff | 7.4944893460690704 | 7.4944893460690704 | 7.4944893460690704 | | | | | +----+-------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+------+------+------+---

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  • Address book with C programming; cannot compile my code.

    - by osabri
    I've divided my code into small programs so it can be easy to excute /* ab_error.c : in case of errors following messages will be displayed */ #include "adressbook.h" static char *errormsg[] = { "", "\nNot enough space on disk", "\nCannot open file", "\nCannot read file", "\nCannot write file" }; void check(int error) { switch(error) { case 0: return; case 1: write_file(); case 2: case 3: case 4: system("cls"); fputs(errormsg[error], stderr); exit(error); } } 2nd /* ab_fileio.c : functions for file input/output */ #include "adressbook.h" static char ab_file[] = "ADRESSBOOK.DAT"; //file to save the entries int read_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *new_e, *last_e = NULL; DATA buffer; if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "rb")) == NULL) return -1; //no file found while (fread(&buffer, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) == 1) //reads one list element after another { if( (new_e = make_element()) == NULL) { error = 1; break; //not enough space } new_e->person = buffer; //copy data to new element new_e->next = NULL; if(hol.first == NULL) //list is empty? hol.first = new_e; //yes else last_e->next = new_e; //no last_e = new_e; ++hol.amount; } if( !error && !feof(fp) ) error = 3; //cannot read file fclose(fp); return error; } /*-------------------------------*/ int write_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *p; if( (p = hol.first) == NULL) return 0; //list is empty if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "wb")) == NULL) return 2; //cannot open while( p!= NULL) { if( fwrite(&p->person, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) < 1) { error = 4; break; //cannot write } p = p->next; } fclose(fp); return error; } 3rd /* ab_list.c : functions to manipulate the list */ #include "adressbook.h" HOL hol = {0, NULL}; //global definition for head of list /* -------------------- */ ELEMENT *make_element(void) { return (ELEMENT *)malloc( sizeof(ELEMENT) ); } /* -------------------- */ int ins_element( DATA *newdata) { ELEMENT *new_e, *pre_p; if((new_e = make_element()) == NULL) return 1; new_e ->person = *newdata; // copy data to new element pre_p = search(new_e->person.family_name); if(pre_p == NULL) //no person in list { new_e->next = hol.first; //put it to the begin hol.first = new_e; } else { new_e->next = pre_p->next; pre_p->next = new_e; } ++hol.amount; return 0; } int erase_element( char name, char surname ) { return 0; } /* ---------------------*/ ELEMENT *search(char *name) { ELEMENT *sp, *retp; //searchpointer, returnpointer retp = NULL; sp = hol.first; while(sp != NULL && sp->person.family_name != name) { retp = sp; sp = sp->next; } return(retp); } 4th /* ab_screen.c : functions for printing information on screen */ #include "adressbook.h" #include <conio.h> #include <ctype.h> /* standard prompts for in- and output */ static char pgmname[] = "---- Oussama's Adressbook made in splendid C ----"; static char options[] = "\ 1: Enter new adress\n\n\ 2: Delete entry\n\n\ 3: Change entry\n\n\ 4: Print adress\n\n\ Esc: Exit\n\n\n\ Your choice . . .: "; static char prompt[] = "\ Name . . . .:\n\ Surname . . :\n\n\ Street . . .:\n\n\ House number:\n\n\ Postal code :\n\n\ Phone number:"; static char buttons[] = "\ <Esc> = cancel input <Backspace> = correct input\ <Return> = assume"; static char headline[] = "\ Name Surname Street House Postal code Phone number \n\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------"; static char further[] = "\ -------- continue with any key --------"; /* ---------------------------------- */ int menu(void) //show menu and read user input { int c; system ("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); printf("%s", options); while( (c = getch()) != ESC && (c < '1' || c > '4')) putch('\a'); return c; } /* ---------------------------------- */ int print_adr_book(void) //display adressbook { int line = 1; ELEMENT *p = hol.first; system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(2,0); puts(headline); set_cur(5,0); while(p != NULL) //run through list and show entries { printf("%5d %-15s ",line, p->person.family_name); printf("%-12s %-15s ", p->person.given_name, p->person.street); printf("%-4d %-5d %-12d\n",p->person.house_number, p->person.postal_code, p->person.phone); p = p->next; if( p == NULL || ++line %16 == 1) //end of list or screen is full { set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",further); if( getch() == ESC) return 0; set_cur(5,0); scroll_up(0,5,24);//puts(headline); } } return 0; } /* -------------------------------------------*/ int make_entry(void) { char cache[50]; DATA newperson; ELEMENT *p; while(1) { system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); puts("Please enter new data:"); set_cur(10,0); puts(prompt); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",buttons); balken(10, 25, MAXL, ' ',0x70); //input name if(input(newperson.family_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(12,25, MAXL, ' ', 0x70); //surname if(input(newperson.given_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(14,25, 30, ' ', 0x70); //street if(input(newperson.street, 30, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(16,25, 4, ' ',0x70); //housenumber if(input(cache, 4, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.house_number = atol(cache); //to string balken(18,25, 5, ' ',0x70); //postal code if(input(cache, 5, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.postal_code = atol(cache); //to string balken(20,25, 20, ' ',0x70); //phone number if(input(cache, 20, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.phone = atol(cache); //to string p = search(newperson.phone); if( p!= NULL && p->person.phone == newperson.phone) { set_cur(22,25); puts("phonenumber already exists!"); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s, further"); getch(); continue; } } } 5th /* adress_book_project.c : main program to create an adressbook */ /* copyrights by Oussama Sabri, June 2010 */ #include "adressbook.h" //project header file int main() { int rv, cmd; //return value, user command if ( (rv = read_file() ) == -1) // no data saved yet rv = make_entry(); check(rv); //prompts an error and quits program on disfunction do { switch (cmd = menu())//calls menu and gets user input back { case '1': rv = make_entry(); break; case '2': //delete entry case '3': //changes entry rv = change_entry(cmd); break; case '4': //prints adressbook on screen rv = print_adr_book(); break; case ESC: //end of program system ("cls"); rv = 0; break; } }while(cmd!= ESC); check ( write_file() ); //save adressbook return 0; } 6th /* Getcb.c --> Die Funktion getcb() liefert die naechste * * Tastatureingabe (ruft den BIOS-INT 0x16 auf). * * Return-Wert: * * ASCII-Code bzw. erweiterter Code + 256 */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> int getcb(void) { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 0; // Subfunktion 0: ein Zeichen // von der Tastatur lesen. int86( 0x16, &intregs, &intregs); if( intregs.h.al != 0) // Falls ASCII-Zeichen, return (intregs.h.al); // dieses zurueckgeben. else // Sonst den erweiterten return (intregs.h.ah + 0x100); // Code + 256 } 7th /* PUTCB.C --> enthaelt die Funktionen * * - putcb() * * - putcb9() * * - balken() * * - input() * * * * Es werden die Funktionen 9 und 14 des Video-Interrupts * * (ROM-BIOS-Interrupt 0x10) verwendet. * * * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen stehen in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb(c) gibt das Zeichen auf der aktuellen Cursor-Position * am Bildschirm aus. Der Cursor wird versetzt. * Steuerzeichen Back-Space, CR, LF und BELL werden * ausgefuehrt. * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb(unsigned char c) /* Gibt das Zeichen in c auf */ { /* den Bildschirm aus. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 14; /* Subfunktion 14 ("Teletype") */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.h.bl = 0xf; /* Vordergrund-Farbe im */ /* Grafik-Modus. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb9(c,count,mode) gibt das Zeichen in c count-mal im * angegebenen Modus auf der aktuellen * Cursor-Position am Bildschirm aus. * Der Cursor wird nicht versetzt. * * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb9( unsigned char c, /* das Zeichen */ unsigned count, /* die Anzahl */ unsigned mode ) /* Low-Byte: das Atrribut */ { /* High-Byte: die Bildschirmseite*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 9; /* Subfunktion 9 des Int 0x10 */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.x.bx = mode; intregs.x.cx = count; int86( VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * balken() positioniert den Cursor und zeichnet einen Balken, * wobei Position, L„nge, Fllzeichen und Attribut * als Argumente bergeben werden. * Der Cursor bleibt auf der ersten Position im Balken. */ void balken( unsigned int zeile, /* Start-Position */ unsigned int spalte, unsigned int laenge, /* Laenge des Balkens */ unsigned char c, /* Fuellzeichen */ unsigned int modus) /* Low-Byte: Attribut */ /* High-Byte: Bildschirmseite */ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; /* Cursor auf der angegebenen */ intregs.h.dh = zeile; /* Bildschirmseite versetzen. */ intregs.h.dl = spalte; intregs.h.bh = (modus >> 8); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); putcb9(c, laenge, modus); /* Balken ausgeben. */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * input() liest Zeichen von der Tastatur ein und haengt '\0' an. * Mit Backspace kann die Eingabe geloescht werden. * Das Attribut am Bildschirm bleibt erhalten. * * Argumente: 1. Zeiger auf den Eingabepuffer. * 2. Anzahl maximal einzulesender Zeichen. * 3. Die optionalen Argumente: Zeichen, mit denen die * Eingabe abgebrochen werden kann. * Diese Liste muá mit CR = '\r' enden! * Return-Wert: Das Zeichen, mit dem die Eingabe abgebrochen wurde. */ #include <stdarg.h> int getcb( void); /* Zum Lesen der Tastatur */ int input(char *puffer, int max,... ) { int c; /* aktuelles Zeichen */ int breakc; /* Abruchzeichen */ int nc = 0; /* Anzahl eingelesener Zeichen */ va_list argp; /* Zeiger auf die weiteren Arumente */ while(1) { *puffer = '\0'; va_start(argp, max); /* argp initialisieren */ c = getcb(); do /* Mit Zeichen der Abbruchliste vergleichen */ if(c == (breakc = va_arg(argp,int)) ) return(breakc); while( breakc != '\r' ); va_end( argp); if( c == '\b' && nc > 0) /* Backspace? */ { --nc; --puffer; putcb(c); putcb(' '); putcb(c); } else if( c >= 32 && c <= 255 && nc < max ) { ++nc; *puffer++ = c; putcb(c); } else if( nc == max) putcb('\7'); /* Ton ausgeben */ } } 8th /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* BIO.H --> Enthaelt die Prototypen der BIOS-Funktionen. */ /* --- Funktionen in VIDEO.C --- */ extern void scroll_up(int anzahl, int anf_zeile,int end_zeile); extern void scroll_down(int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile); extern void set_cur(int zeile, int spalte); extern void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte); extern void cls(void); extern int get_screen_page(void); extern void set_screen_page(int page); /* --- Funktionen in GETCB.C / PUTCB.C --- */ extern int getcb(void); extern void putcb(int c); extern void putcb9(int c, unsigned count, unsigned modus); extern void balken(int zeile, int spalte, int laenge, int c, unsigned modus); extern int input(char *puffer, int max,... ); need your help, can't find my mistakes:((

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  • WORD CERTIFIED IMPLEMENTATION SPECIALIST EN LAAT ORACLE UNIVERSITY U ASSISTEREN HIERMEE

    - by mseika
    WORD CERTIFIED IMPLEMENTATION SPECIALIST EN LAAT ORACLE UNIVERSITY U ASSISTEREN HIERMEE Word gespecialiseerd!Oracle weet exact welke competenties implementatie specialisten moeten opbouwen en beseft de bijbehorende inspanning die hiervoor nodig is. Het nieuwe Specialized programma van Oracle PartnerNetwork biedt een scala van certificering mogelijkheden aan (Specializations) die aantonen dat de benodigde kennis en vaardigheden bij u en bij uw teamleden aanwezig zijn.Word erkend! Bevestig uw kennis en vaardigheden en ontvang de beloning die u verdient door examens te halen voor de hele portefeuille van producten en oplossingen die Oracle aanbiedt. Haal het examen en ontvang uw OPN Specialist Certificaat. Stap 1: Kies uw SpecialisatieBekijk de Specialization Guide (PDF) - ons aanbod van Specialisaties voor de individu. Stap 2: Bereik de vereiste kennis en de vaardighedenBoek een Oracle University OPN Only Bootcamp en bereik de vereiste kennis en de vaardigheden om een Certified Implementation Specialist te worden.Wij hebben voor u de volgende Bootcamps geselecteerd en de komende maanden ingepland bij Oracle University in Utrecht, The Netherlands: Boot Camp Duur Data Voorbereiding voor Specialization (Exam Code) Database Oracle Database 11g Specialist 5 21-25 jan 12 Oracle Database 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-514) Oracle Data Warehousing 11g Implementation 5 3-7 dec 12 3-7 apr 13 Data Warehousing 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-515) Exadata Oracle Exadata 11g Technical Boot Camp 3 28-30 jan 13 Oracle Exadata 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-536) Fusion Middleware Oracle AIA 11g Implementation 4 20-22 feb 13 Oracle Application Integration Architecture 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-543) Oracle BPM 11g Implementation 4 15-18 okt 12 14-17 jan 12 15-18 apr 13 Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite 11g Billing Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-560) Oracle WebCenter 11g Implementation 4 10-13 okt 12 5-8 feb 13 Oracle WebCenter Portal 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-541) Oracle Identity Administration and Analytics 11g Implementation 3 7-9 nov 12 6-8 mrt 13 Identity Administration and Analytics 11g Certified Implementation Specialist (1Z0-545) Business Intelligence and Datawarehousing Oracle BI Enterprise Edition 11g Implementation 5 24-28 sep12 11-15 mrt 13 Boek een Boot Camp: U kunt online boeken of gebruik maken van dit inschrijfformulier Prijzen: U merkt dat de ‘OPN Only’ Boot Camps in prijs sterk gereduceerd zijn en bovendien is uw OPN korting (silver, gold, platinum of diamond) nog steeds van toepassing! Stap 3: Boek en neem uw examen afBezoek de examenregistratie web-pagina en lees de instructies voor het boeken van uw examen bij een Pearson VUE Authorized Testcentrum. Examens kunnen betaald worden door één van de gratis examen vouchers die uw bedrijf heeft, door een voucher aan te schaffen bij Oracle University of met uw creditcard bij het Pearson VUE Testcentrum. Stap 4: Ontvang uw OPN Specialist CertificateGefeliciteerd! U bent nu een Certified Implementation Specialist. Heeft u meer informatie of assistentie nodig?Neem dan contact op met uw Oracle University Account Manager of met onze Education Service Desk: eMail: [email protected]:+ 31 30 66 99 244 Bij het boeken graag de volgende code vermelden: E1229

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  • WPF unwanted grid splitter behaviour

    - by SaphuA
    Hello, I have a simple grid with 3 columns (one of which contains a grid splitter). When resizing the grid and the left column reaches its minimum width, instead of doing nothing it increases the width of the right column. Could anyone help me stop this? I can't set the max width of the right column, because the grid itself also resizes. Here's some sample code that shows the problem. While resizing, move the mouse over the red area: XAML: <Grid DockPanel.Dock="Top" Height="200"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition MinWidth="200" Width="*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="3" /> <ColumnDefinition MinWidth="120" Width="240" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Rectangle Fill="Red" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" /> <DockPanel LastChildFill="True" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="2" > <Rectangle DockPanel.Dock="Right" Width="20" Fill="Blue" /> <Rectangle Fill="Green" /> </DockPanel> <GridSplitter Background="LightGray" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Height="Auto" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" /> </Grid>

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  • PL/SQL - How to pull data from 3 tables based on latest created date

    - by Nancy
    Hello, I'm hoping someone can help me as I've been stuck on this problem for a few days now. Basically I'm trying to pull data from 3 tables in Oracle: 1) Orders Table 2) Vendor Table and 3) Master Data Table. Here's what the 3 tables look like: Table 1: BIZ_DOC2 (Orders table) OBJECTID (Unique key) UNIQUE_DOC_NAME (Document Name i.e. ORD-005) CREATED_AT (Date the order was created) Table 2: UDEF_VENDOR (Vendors Table): PARENT_OBJECT_ID (This matches up to the ObjectId in the Orders table) VENDOR_OBJECT_NAME (This is the name of the vendor i.e. Acme) Table 3: BIZ_UNIT (Master Data table) PARENT_OBJECT_ID (This matches up to the ObjectID in the Orders table) BIZ_UNIT_OBJECT_NAME (This is the name of the business unit i.e. widget A, widget B) Note: The Vendors Table and Master Data do not have a link between them except through the Orders table. I can join all of the data from the tables and it looks something like this: Before selecting latest order date: ORD-005 | Widget A | Acme | 3/14/10 ORD-005 | Widget B | Acme | 3/14/10 ORD-004 | Widget C | Acme | 3/10/10 Ideally I'd like to return the latest order for each vendor. However, each order may contain multiple business units (e.g. types of widgets) so if a Vendor's latest record is ORD-005 and the order contains 2 business units, here's what the result set should look like by the following columns: UNIQUE_DOC_NAME, BIZ_UNIT_OBJECT_NAME, VENDOR_OBJECT_NAME, CREATED_AT After selecting by latest order date: ORD-005 | Widget A | Acme | 3/14/10 ORD-005 | Widget B | Acme | 3/14/10 I tried using Select Max and several variations of sub-queries but I just can't seem to get it working. Any help would be hugely appreciated!

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  • SQL command to get field of a maximum value, without making two select

    - by António Capelo
    I'm starting to learn SQL and I'm working on this exercise: I have a "books" table which holds the info on every book (including price and genre ID). I need to get the name of the genre which has the highest average price. I suppose that I first need to group the prices by genre and then retrieve the name of the highest.. I know that I can get the results GENRE VS COST with the following: select b.genre, round(avg(b.price),2) as cost from books b group by b.genre; My question is, to get the genre with the highest AVG price from that result, do I have to make: select aux.genre from ( select b.genre, round(avg(b.price),2) as cost from books b group by b.genre ) aux where aux.cost = (select max(aux.cost) from ( select b.genre, round(avg(b.price),2) as cost from books l group by b.genre ) aux); Is it bad practice or isn't there another way? I get the correct result but I'm not confortable with creating two times the same selection. I'm not using PL SQL so I can't use variables or anything like that.. Any help will be appreciated. Thanks in advance!

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  • Understanding G1 GC Logs

    - by poonam
    The purpose of this post is to explain the meaning of GC logs generated with some tracing and diagnostic options for G1 GC. We will take a look at the output generated with PrintGCDetails which is a product flag and provides the most detailed level of information. Along with that, we will also look at the output of two diagnostic flags that get enabled with -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions option - G1PrintRegionLivenessInfo that prints the occupancy and the amount of space used by live objects in each region at the end of the marking cycle and G1PrintHeapRegions that provides detailed information on the heap regions being allocated and reclaimed. We will be looking at the logs generated with JDK 1.7.0_04 using these options. Option -XX:+PrintGCDetails Here's a sample log of G1 collection generated with PrintGCDetails. 0.522: [GC pause (young), 0.15877971 secs] [Parallel Time: 157.1 ms] [GC Worker Start (ms): 522.1 522.2 522.2 522.2 Avg: 522.2, Min: 522.1, Max: 522.2, Diff: 0.1] [Ext Root Scanning (ms): 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.9 Avg: 1.7, Min: 1.5, Max: 1.9, Diff: 0.4] [Update RS (ms): 38.7 38.8 50.6 37.3 Avg: 41.3, Min: 37.3, Max: 50.6, Diff: 13.3] [Processed Buffers : 2 2 3 2 Sum: 9, Avg: 2, Min: 2, Max: 3, Diff: 1] [Scan RS (ms): 9.9 9.7 0.0 9.7 Avg: 7.3, Min: 0.0, Max: 9.9, Diff: 9.9] [Object Copy (ms): 106.7 106.8 104.6 107.9 Avg: 106.5, Min: 104.6, Max: 107.9, Diff: 3.3] [Termination (ms): 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Avg: 0.0, Min: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0] [Termination Attempts : 1 4 4 6 Sum: 15, Avg: 3, Min: 1, Max: 6, Diff: 5] [GC Worker End (ms): 679.1 679.1 679.1 679.1 Avg: 679.1, Min: 679.1, Max: 679.1, Diff: 0.1] [GC Worker (ms): 156.9 157.0 156.9 156.9 Avg: 156.9, Min: 156.9, Max: 157.0, Diff: 0.1] [GC Worker Other (ms): 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Avg: 0.3, Min: 0.3, Max: 0.3, Diff: 0.0] [Clear CT: 0.1 ms] [Other: 1.5 ms] [Choose CSet: 0.0 ms] [Ref Proc: 0.3 ms] [Ref Enq: 0.0 ms] [Free CSet: 0.3 ms] [Eden: 12M(12M)->0B(10M) Survivors: 0B->2048K Heap: 13M(64M)->9739K(64M)] [Times: user=0.59 sys=0.02, real=0.16 secs] This is the typical log of an Evacuation Pause (G1 collection) in which live objects are copied from one set of regions (young OR young+old) to another set. It is a stop-the-world activity and all the application threads are stopped at a safepoint during this time. This pause is made up of several sub-tasks indicated by the indentation in the log entries. Here's is the top most line that gets printed for the Evacuation Pause. 0.522: [GC pause (young), 0.15877971 secs] This is the highest level information telling us that it is an Evacuation Pause that started at 0.522 secs from the start of the process, in which all the regions being evacuated are Young i.e. Eden and Survivor regions. This collection took 0.15877971 secs to finish. Evacuation Pauses can be mixed as well. In which case the set of regions selected include all of the young regions as well as some old regions. 1.730: [GC pause (mixed), 0.32714353 secs] Let's take a look at all the sub-tasks performed in this Evacuation Pause. [Parallel Time: 157.1 ms] Parallel Time is the total elapsed time spent by all the parallel GC worker threads. The following lines correspond to the parallel tasks performed by these worker threads in this total parallel time, which in this case is 157.1 ms. [GC Worker Start (ms): 522.1 522.2 522.2 522.2Avg: 522.2, Min: 522.1, Max: 522.2, Diff: 0.1] The first line tells us the start time of each of the worker thread in milliseconds. The start times are ordered with respect to the worker thread ids – thread 0 started at 522.1ms and thread 1 started at 522.2ms from the start of the process. The second line tells the Avg, Min, Max and Diff of the start times of all of the worker threads. [Ext Root Scanning (ms): 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.9 Avg: 1.7, Min: 1.5, Max: 1.9, Diff: 0.4] This gives us the time spent by each worker thread scanning the roots (globals, registers, thread stacks and VM data structures). Here, thread 0 took 1.6ms to perform the root scanning task and thread 1 took 1.5 ms. The second line clearly shows the Avg, Min, Max and Diff of the times spent by all the worker threads. [Update RS (ms): 38.7 38.8 50.6 37.3 Avg: 41.3, Min: 37.3, Max: 50.6, Diff: 13.3] Update RS gives us the time each thread spent in updating the Remembered Sets. Remembered Sets are the data structures that keep track of the references that point into a heap region. Mutator threads keep changing the object graph and thus the references that point into a particular region. We keep track of these changes in buffers called Update Buffers. The Update RS sub-task processes the update buffers that were not able to be processed concurrently, and updates the corresponding remembered sets of all regions. [Processed Buffers : 2 2 3 2Sum: 9, Avg: 2, Min: 2, Max: 3, Diff: 1] This tells us the number of Update Buffers (mentioned above) processed by each worker thread. [Scan RS (ms): 9.9 9.7 0.0 9.7 Avg: 7.3, Min: 0.0, Max: 9.9, Diff: 9.9] These are the times each worker thread had spent in scanning the Remembered Sets. Remembered Set of a region contains cards that correspond to the references pointing into that region. This phase scans those cards looking for the references pointing into all the regions of the collection set. [Object Copy (ms): 106.7 106.8 104.6 107.9 Avg: 106.5, Min: 104.6, Max: 107.9, Diff: 3.3] These are the times spent by each worker thread copying live objects from the regions in the Collection Set to the other regions. [Termination (ms): 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Avg: 0.0, Min: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0] Termination time is the time spent by the worker thread offering to terminate. But before terminating, it checks the work queues of other threads and if there are still object references in other work queues, it tries to steal object references, and if it succeeds in stealing a reference, it processes that and offers to terminate again. [Termination Attempts : 1 4 4 6 Sum: 15, Avg: 3, Min: 1, Max: 6, Diff: 5] This gives the number of times each thread has offered to terminate. [GC Worker End (ms): 679.1 679.1 679.1 679.1 Avg: 679.1, Min: 679.1, Max: 679.1, Diff: 0.1] These are the times in milliseconds at which each worker thread stopped. [GC Worker (ms): 156.9 157.0 156.9 156.9 Avg: 156.9, Min: 156.9, Max: 157.0, Diff: 0.1] These are the total lifetimes of each worker thread. [GC Worker Other (ms): 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3Avg: 0.3, Min: 0.3, Max: 0.3, Diff: 0.0] These are the times that each worker thread spent in performing some other tasks that we have not accounted above for the total Parallel Time. [Clear CT: 0.1 ms] This is the time spent in clearing the Card Table. This task is performed in serial mode. [Other: 1.5 ms] Time spent in the some other tasks listed below. The following sub-tasks (which individually may be parallelized) are performed serially. [Choose CSet: 0.0 ms] Time spent in selecting the regions for the Collection Set. [Ref Proc: 0.3 ms] Total time spent in processing Reference objects. [Ref Enq: 0.0 ms] Time spent in enqueuing references to the ReferenceQueues. [Free CSet: 0.3 ms] Time spent in freeing the collection set data structure. [Eden: 12M(12M)->0B(13M) Survivors: 0B->2048K Heap: 14M(64M)->9739K(64M)] This line gives the details on the heap size changes with the Evacuation Pause. This shows that Eden had the occupancy of 12M and its capacity was also 12M before the collection. After the collection, its occupancy got reduced to 0 since everything is evacuated/promoted from Eden during a collection, and its target size grew to 13M. The new Eden capacity of 13M is not reserved at this point. This value is the target size of the Eden. Regions are added to Eden as the demand is made and when the added regions reach to the target size, we start the next collection. Similarly, Survivors had the occupancy of 0 bytes and it grew to 2048K after the collection. The total heap occupancy and capacity was 14M and 64M receptively before the collection and it became 9739K and 64M after the collection. Apart from the evacuation pauses, G1 also performs concurrent-marking to build the live data information of regions. 1.416: [GC pause (young) (initial-mark), 0.62417980 secs] ….... 2.042: [GC concurrent-root-region-scan-start] 2.067: [GC concurrent-root-region-scan-end, 0.0251507] 2.068: [GC concurrent-mark-start] 3.198: [GC concurrent-mark-reset-for-overflow] 4.053: [GC concurrent-mark-end, 1.9849672 sec] 4.055: [GC remark 4.055: [GC ref-proc, 0.0000254 secs], 0.0030184 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs] 4.088: [GC cleanup 117M->106M(138M), 0.0015198 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs] 4.090: [GC concurrent-cleanup-start] 4.091: [GC concurrent-cleanup-end, 0.0002721] The first phase of a marking cycle is Initial Marking where all the objects directly reachable from the roots are marked and this phase is piggy-backed on a fully young Evacuation Pause. 2.042: [GC concurrent-root-region-scan-start] This marks the start of a concurrent phase that scans the set of root-regions which are directly reachable from the survivors of the initial marking phase. 2.067: [GC concurrent-root-region-scan-end, 0.0251507] End of the concurrent root region scan phase and it lasted for 0.0251507 seconds. 2.068: [GC concurrent-mark-start] Start of the concurrent marking at 2.068 secs from the start of the process. 3.198: [GC concurrent-mark-reset-for-overflow] This indicates that the global marking stack had became full and there was an overflow of the stack. Concurrent marking detected this overflow and had to reset the data structures to start the marking again. 4.053: [GC concurrent-mark-end, 1.9849672 sec] End of the concurrent marking phase and it lasted for 1.9849672 seconds. 4.055: [GC remark 4.055: [GC ref-proc, 0.0000254 secs], 0.0030184 secs] This corresponds to the remark phase which is a stop-the-world phase. It completes the left over marking work (SATB buffers processing) from the previous phase. In this case, this phase took 0.0030184 secs and out of which 0.0000254 secs were spent on Reference processing. 4.088: [GC cleanup 117M->106M(138M), 0.0015198 secs] Cleanup phase which is again a stop-the-world phase. It goes through the marking information of all the regions, computes the live data information of each region, resets the marking data structures and sorts the regions according to their gc-efficiency. In this example, the total heap size is 138M and after the live data counting it was found that the total live data size dropped down from 117M to 106M. 4.090: [GC concurrent-cleanup-start] This concurrent cleanup phase frees up the regions that were found to be empty (didn't contain any live data) during the previous stop-the-world phase. 4.091: [GC concurrent-cleanup-end, 0.0002721] Concurrent cleanup phase took 0.0002721 secs to free up the empty regions. Option -XX:G1PrintRegionLivenessInfo Now, let's look at the output generated with the flag G1PrintRegionLivenessInfo. This is a diagnostic option and gets enabled with -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions. G1PrintRegionLivenessInfo prints the live data information of each region during the Cleanup phase of the concurrent-marking cycle. 26.896: [GC cleanup ### PHASE Post-Marking @ 26.896### HEAP committed: 0x02e00000-0x0fe00000 reserved: 0x02e00000-0x12e00000 region-size: 1048576 Cleanup phase of the concurrent-marking cycle started at 26.896 secs from the start of the process and this live data information is being printed after the marking phase. Committed G1 heap ranges from 0x02e00000 to 0x0fe00000 and the total G1 heap reserved by JVM is from 0x02e00000 to 0x12e00000. Each region in the G1 heap is of size 1048576 bytes. ### type address-range used prev-live next-live gc-eff### (bytes) (bytes) (bytes) (bytes/ms) This is the header of the output that tells us about the type of the region, address-range of the region, used space in the region, live bytes in the region with respect to the previous marking cycle, live bytes in the region with respect to the current marking cycle and the GC efficiency of that region. ### FREE 0x02e00000-0x02f00000 0 0 0 0.0 This is a Free region. ### OLD 0x02f00000-0x03000000 1048576 1038592 1038592 0.0 Old region with address-range from 0x02f00000 to 0x03000000. Total used space in the region is 1048576 bytes, live bytes as per the previous marking cycle are 1038592 and live bytes with respect to the current marking cycle are also 1038592. The GC efficiency has been computed as 0. ### EDEN 0x03400000-0x03500000 20992 20992 20992 0.0 This is an Eden region. ### HUMS 0x0ae00000-0x0af00000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0af00000-0x0b000000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0b000000-0x0b100000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0b100000-0x0b200000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0b200000-0x0b300000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0b300000-0x0b400000 1048576 1048576 1048576 0.0### HUMC 0x0b400000-0x0b500000 1001480 1001480 1001480 0.0 These are the continuous set of regions called Humongous regions for storing a large object. HUMS (Humongous starts) marks the start of the set of humongous regions and HUMC (Humongous continues) tags the subsequent regions of the humongous regions set. ### SURV 0x09300000-0x09400000 16384 16384 16384 0.0 This is a Survivor region. ### SUMMARY capacity: 208.00 MB used: 150.16 MB / 72.19 % prev-live: 149.78 MB / 72.01 % next-live: 142.82 MB / 68.66 % At the end, a summary is printed listing the capacity, the used space and the change in the liveness after the completion of concurrent marking. In this case, G1 heap capacity is 208MB, total used space is 150.16MB which is 72.19% of the total heap size, live data in the previous marking was 149.78MB which was 72.01% of the total heap size and the live data as per the current marking is 142.82MB which is 68.66% of the total heap size. Option -XX:+G1PrintHeapRegions G1PrintHeapRegions option logs the regions related events when regions are committed, allocated into or are reclaimed. COMMIT/UNCOMMIT events G1HR COMMIT [0x6e900000,0x6ea00000]G1HR COMMIT [0x6ea00000,0x6eb00000] Here, the heap is being initialized or expanded and the region (with bottom: 0x6eb00000 and end: 0x6ec00000) is being freshly committed. COMMIT events are always generated in order i.e. the next COMMIT event will always be for the uncommitted region with the lowest address. G1HR UNCOMMIT [0x72700000,0x72800000]G1HR UNCOMMIT [0x72600000,0x72700000] Opposite to COMMIT. The heap got shrunk at the end of a Full GC and the regions are being uncommitted. Like COMMIT, UNCOMMIT events are also generated in order i.e. the next UNCOMMIT event will always be for the committed region with the highest address. GC Cycle events G1HR #StartGC 7G1HR CSET 0x6e900000G1HR REUSE 0x70500000G1HR ALLOC(Old) 0x6f800000G1HR RETIRE 0x6f800000 0x6f821b20G1HR #EndGC 7 This shows start and end of an Evacuation pause. This event is followed by a GC counter tracking both evacuation pauses and Full GCs. Here, this is the 7th GC since the start of the process. G1HR #StartFullGC 17G1HR UNCOMMIT [0x6ed00000,0x6ee00000]G1HR POST-COMPACTION(Old) 0x6e800000 0x6e854f58G1HR #EndFullGC 17 Shows start and end of a Full GC. This event is also followed by the same GC counter as above. This is the 17th GC since the start of the process. ALLOC events G1HR ALLOC(Eden) 0x6e800000 The region with bottom 0x6e800000 just started being used for allocation. In this case it is an Eden region and allocated into by a mutator thread. G1HR ALLOC(StartsH) 0x6ec00000 0x6ed00000G1HR ALLOC(ContinuesH) 0x6ed00000 0x6e000000 Regions being used for the allocation of Humongous object. The object spans over two regions. G1HR ALLOC(SingleH) 0x6f900000 0x6f9eb010 Single region being used for the allocation of Humongous object. G1HR COMMIT [0x6ee00000,0x6ef00000]G1HR COMMIT [0x6ef00000,0x6f000000]G1HR COMMIT [0x6f000000,0x6f100000]G1HR COMMIT [0x6f100000,0x6f200000]G1HR ALLOC(StartsH) 0x6ee00000 0x6ef00000G1HR ALLOC(ContinuesH) 0x6ef00000 0x6f000000G1HR ALLOC(ContinuesH) 0x6f000000 0x6f100000G1HR ALLOC(ContinuesH) 0x6f100000 0x6f102010 Here, Humongous object allocation request could not be satisfied by the free committed regions that existed in the heap, so the heap needed to be expanded. Thus new regions are committed and then allocated into for the Humongous object. G1HR ALLOC(Old) 0x6f800000 Old region started being used for allocation during GC. G1HR ALLOC(Survivor) 0x6fa00000 Region being used for copying old objects into during a GC. Note that Eden and Humongous ALLOC events are generated outside the GC boundaries and Old and Survivor ALLOC events are generated inside the GC boundaries. Other Events G1HR RETIRE 0x6e800000 0x6e87bd98 Retire and stop using the region having bottom 0x6e800000 and top 0x6e87bd98 for allocation. Note that most regions are full when they are retired and we omit those events to reduce the output volume. A region is retired when another region of the same type is allocated or we reach the start or end of a GC(depending on the region). So for Eden regions: For example: 1. ALLOC(Eden) Foo2. ALLOC(Eden) Bar3. StartGC At point 2, Foo has just been retired and it was full. At point 3, Bar was retired and it was full. If they were not full when they were retired, we will have a RETIRE event: 1. ALLOC(Eden) Foo2. RETIRE Foo top3. ALLOC(Eden) Bar4. StartGC G1HR CSET 0x6e900000 Region (bottom: 0x6e900000) is selected for the Collection Set. The region might have been selected for the collection set earlier (i.e. when it was allocated). However, we generate the CSET events for all regions in the CSet at the start of a GC to make sure there's no confusion about which regions are part of the CSet. G1HR POST-COMPACTION(Old) 0x6e800000 0x6e839858 POST-COMPACTION event is generated for each non-empty region in the heap after a full compaction. A full compaction moves objects around, so we don't know what the resulting shape of the heap is (which regions were written to, which were emptied, etc.). To deal with this, we generate a POST-COMPACTION event for each non-empty region with its type (old/humongous) and the heap boundaries. At this point we should only have Old and Humongous regions, as we have collapsed the young generation, so we should not have eden and survivors. POST-COMPACTION events are generated within the Full GC boundary. G1HR CLEANUP 0x6f400000G1HR CLEANUP 0x6f300000G1HR CLEANUP 0x6f200000 These regions were found empty after remark phase of Concurrent Marking and are reclaimed shortly afterwards. G1HR #StartGC 5G1HR CSET 0x6f400000G1HR CSET 0x6e900000G1HR REUSE 0x6f800000 At the end of a GC we retire the old region we are allocating into. Given that its not full, we will carry on allocating into it during the next GC. This is what REUSE means. In the above case 0x6f800000 should have been the last region with an ALLOC(Old) event during the previous GC and should have been retired before the end of the previous GC. G1HR ALLOC-FORCE(Eden) 0x6f800000 A specialization of ALLOC which indicates that we have reached the max desired number of the particular region type (in this case: Eden), but we decided to allocate one more. Currently it's only used for Eden regions when we extend the young generation because we cannot do a GC as the GC-Locker is active. G1HR EVAC-FAILURE 0x6f800000 During a GC, we have failed to evacuate an object from the given region as the heap is full and there is no space left to copy the object. This event is generated within GC boundaries and exactly once for each region from which we failed to evacuate objects. When Heap Regions are reclaimed ? It is also worth mentioning when the heap regions in the G1 heap are reclaimed. All regions that are in the CSet (the ones that appear in CSET events) are reclaimed at the end of a GC. The exception to that are regions with EVAC-FAILURE events. All regions with CLEANUP events are reclaimed. After a Full GC some regions get reclaimed (the ones from which we moved the objects out). But that is not shown explicitly, instead the non-empty regions that are left in the heap are printed out with the POST-COMPACTION events.

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  • Adding an user to samba

    - by JustMaximumPower
    I'm trying to setup some samba shares in my home network on an Ubuntu 12.04 machine. Everything works fine for my user account (max) but I can not add any new user. Every time I try to add new user they can not use the shares. It's likely that the error is very basic to the concept of samba but please don't just tell me to read the docs. I've been trying that for about 2 weeks now. I've set up the server with my user max who can mount transfer and the share max. Than I added the user simon with sudo adduser --no-create-home --disabled-login --shell /bin/false simon because the user should not be able to ssh into the machine. I did an sudo smbpasswd -a simon and set an (samba) password for simon and added an share for simon. I also added simon to transferusers to give him access to the share transfer. But simon can't connect to transfer or simons. ---- output of testparam: ------- Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384) Processing section "[printers]" Processing section "[print$]" Processing section "[max]" Processing section "[simons]" Processing section "[transfer]" Loaded services file OK. Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions [global] server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu) map to guest = Bad User obey pam restrictions = Yes pam password change = Yes passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . unix password sync = Yes syslog = 0 log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m max log size = 1000 dns proxy = No usershare allow guests = Yes panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d idmap config * : backend = tdb [printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/spool/samba create mask = 0700 printable = Yes print ok = Yes browseable = No [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/printers [max] comment = Privater share von Max path = /media/Main/max read only = No create mask = 0700 [simons] comment = Privater share von Simon path = /media/Main/simon read only = No create mask = 0700 [transfer] comment = Transferlaufwerk path = /media/Main/transfer read only = No create mask = 0755 ---- The files in /media/Main: ------ drwxrwxr-x 17 max max 4096 Oct 4 19:13 max/ drwx------ 5 simon max 4096 Aug 4 15:18 simon/ drwxrwxr-x 7 max transferusers 258048 Oct 1 22:55 transfer/

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  • Should I deal with files longer than MAX_PATH?

    - by John
    Just had an interesting case. My software reported back a failure caused by a path being longer than MAX_PATH. The path was just a plain old document in My Documents, e.g.: C:\Documents and Settings\Bill\Some Stupid FOlder Name\A really ridiculously long file thats really very very very..........very long.pdf Total length 269 characters (MAX_PATH==260). The user wasn't using a external hard drive or anything like that. This was a file on an Windows managed drive. So my question is this. Should I care? I'm not saying can I deal with the long paths, I'm asking should I. Yes I'm aware of the "\?\" unicode hack on some Win32 APIs, but it seems this hack is not without risk (as it's changing the behaviour of the way the APIs parse paths) and also isn't supported by all APIs . So anyway, let me just state my position/assertions: First presumably the only way the user was able to break this limit is if the app she used uses the special Unicode hack. It's a PDF file, so maybe the PDF tool she used uses this hack. I tried to reproduce this (by using the unicode hack) and experimented. What I found was that although the file appears in Explorer, I can do nothing with it. I can't open it, I can't choose "Properties" (Windows 7). Other common apps can't open the file (e.g. IE, Firefox, Notepad). Explorer will also not let me create files/dirs which are too long - it just refuses. Ditto for command line tool cmd.exe. So basically, one could look at it this way: a rouge tool has allowed the user to create a file which is not accessible by a lot of Windows (e.g. Explorer). I could take the view that I shouldn't have to deal with this. (As an aside, this isn't an vote of approval for a short max path length: I think 260 chars is a joke, I'm just saying that if Windows shell and some APIs can't handle 260 then why should I?). So, is this a fair view? Should I say "Not my problem"? Thanks! John

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  • openssl creates invalid signature if run by a different user

    - by divB
    Very strange problem here: openssl successfully creates signatures but only those created as root are valid whereas created by another user (www-data) are invalid! All files are readable and there are not error messages: # echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign activation.key > /tmp/asRoot.der # su www-data $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign activation.key > /tmp/asWww-data.der $ uname -a Linux linux 2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Feb 25 01:16:25 UTC 2013 i686 GNU/Linux $ cat /etc/debian_version 6.0.7 Both files (asRoot.der and asWww-data.der) are transfered to a different computer for verification with the public key: $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -verify activation.pub -keyform DER -signature asRoot.der Verified OK $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -verify activation.pub -keyform DER -signature asWww-data.der Verification Failure That can't be true! What's wrong here?

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  • SüdLeasing reduziert mit e-Lease auf SOA-Basis Verwaltungskosten um über 1,5 Mio. Euro

    - by franziska.schneider(at)oracle.com
    Mit dem SüdLeasing Projekt e-Lease (electronic leasing process) wurde laut Dr. Buchacker eine maßgeschneiderte, exzellent ausbaufähige „Zukunftsplattform" geschaffen. Die Geschäftsprozesse des Unternehmens wurden gemeinsam mit Oracle und dem langjährigen Oracle Partner PROMATIS auf der neuen Plattform einheitlich abgebildet und verschlankt. Dabei wurden auch bestehende Legacy-Systeme einbezogen. Heute werden auf dieser Oracle basierten service-orientierten Architektur (SOA) die betrieblichen Abläufe automatisiert, optimiert und flexibel weiterentwickelt. Zunächst stand das Finanzdienstleistungsunternehmen vor der Herausforderung unternehmensweit die Durchlaufzeiten, die Kooperation und den Service durch Business Process Streamlining zu verbessern. Neben Einsparungen bei Aktenordnern, Ablagematerialien und bei der Archivierung sollten vor allem die Abteilungen „Markt" und „Marktfolge" mittels einer durchgängigen IT-Unterstützung der Arbeitsabläufe besser ineinander greifen. Parallel dazu beabsichtigte man durch sukzessive Entlastung der Mitarbeiter in den drei Haupt- und Bearbeitungsstandorten sowie in den 19 Vertriebsniederlassungen zusätzliche Kapazitäten zu gewinnen. Bereits kurz nach der Einführung von e-Lease in 2008 hatten sich die Verwaltungskosten in der SüdLeasing Zentrale um rund 1,5 Mio. Euro reduziert. Link zur kompletten Kundenreferenz Oracle und PROMATIS haben mit den im Projekt eingesetzten Oracle Produkten, dem Know-how und Engagement der Berater maßgeblich zum Erfolg von e-Lease beigetragen." - Dr. Ullrich Buchacker, Direktor und Abteilungsleiter IT/Organisation, SüdLeasing GmbH.

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  • Start frei für die Exadata Community im neuen Look!

    - by Frank Schneede (Exadata Community)
    Endlich ist es soweit! Pünktlich mit dem Start der DOAG Konferenz 2012, die vom 20.11. - 22.11.2012 in Nürnberg stattfindet, geht die Deutsche Exadata Community in völlig neu gestaltetem Outfit an den Start. Sie werden hier regelmäßig über neue Ankündigungen sowie Tipps und Tricks im Umgang mit Exadata informiert. Durch das freiere Blogformat werden an dieser Stelle auch Berichte über Exadata Projekte erscheinen, die besonders hervorhebenswert sind. Ich denke, Sie dürfen gespannt sein! Vieles hat sich seit dem letzten Update in der Community getan, denn auf der diesjährigen Oracle Open World in San Franzisco wurde eine ganze Reihe spannender Ankündigungen rund um Exadata gemacht. Die kürzlich vorgestellten Modelle Exadata Database Machine X3-2 und X3-8 sind in der grundlegenden Architektur zwar unverändert geblieben, jedoch sind die Modelle mit aktuellen Prozessoren in SandyBridge Mikroprozessorarchitektur noch leistungsfähiger als bisher. Der vierfach vergrößerte Flash Cache nimmt wesentlich mehr Daten auf und macht die Exadata so zur "In-Memory" Database Machine. Mit der neuen Exadata Software 11.2.3.2 kann der Flash Cache nun als persistenter Write Back Flash Cache verwendet werden. Durch das neuartige Caching profitieren auch OLTP Applikationen, die eine hohe Last von schreibenden Transaktionen verursachen, stärker von der Exadata Technologie. Ein neues Einstiegsmodell, das Exadata X3-2 Eighth Rack, vervollständigt die Produktfamilie und senkt abermals die Einstiegshürde für die Kunden.  Die beiden Community Tipps zur Exadata Hardware wurden aktualisiert. Lesen Sie alles über die Exadata Database Machine X3-2 und deren große Schwester, die Exadata Database Machine X3-8.

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  • PHP given a series of arbitrary numbers, how can I choose a logical max value on a line graph?

    - by stormist
    I am constructing a line graph in PHP. I was setting the max value of the line graph to the max value of my collection of items, but this ended up making the graph less readable you are unable to view the highest line on the graph as it intersects with the top of it. So what I need is basically a formula to take a set of numbers and calculate what the logical max value of on the line graph should be.. so some examples 3500 250 10049 45394 434 312 Max value on line graph should probably be 50000 493 412 194 783 457 344 max value on line graph would ideally be 1000 545 649 6854 5485 11545 In this case, 12000 makes sense as max value So something as simple as rounding upward to the nearest thousandth might work but I'd need it to progressively increase as the numbers got bigger. (50000 instead of 46,000 in first example) The maximum these numbers will ever be is about a million. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated, thank you.

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  • Is it bad idea to use flag variable to search MAX element in array?

    - by Boris Treukhov
    Over my programming career I formed a habit to introduce a flag variable that indicates that the first comparison has occured, just like Msft does in its linq Max() extension method implementation public static int Max(this IEnumerable<int> source) { if (source == null) { throw Error.ArgumentNull("source"); } int num = 0; bool flag = false; foreach (int num2 in source) { if (flag) { if (num2 > num) { num = num2; } } else { num = num2; flag = true; } } if (!flag) { throw Error.NoElements(); } return num; } However I have met some heretics lately, who implement this by just starting with the first element and assigning it to result, and oh no - it turned out that STL and Java authors have preferred the latter method. Java: public static <T extends Object & Comparable<? super T>> T max(Collection<? extends T> coll) { Iterator<? extends T> i = coll.iterator(); T candidate = i.next(); while (i.hasNext()) { T next = i.next(); if (next.compareTo(candidate) > 0) candidate = next; } return candidate; } STL: template<class _FwdIt> inline _FwdIt _Max_element(_FwdIt _First, _FwdIt _Last) { // find largest element, using operator< _FwdIt _Found = _First; if (_First != _Last) for (; ++_First != _Last; ) if (_DEBUG_LT(*_Found, *_First)) _Found = _First; return (_Found); } Are there any preferences between one method or another? Are there any historical reasons for this? Is one method more dangerous than another?

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  • 13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)

    - by C.Muetzlitz
    Externe Einflüsse wie Gesetze fordern die IT auf, (unsere) Daten zu schützen. Doch wie prüft man die eingestellte Sicherheit einer Oracle Datenbank überhaupt? Ist die geforderte Sicherheit ausreichend umgesetzt und zwar im Idealfall entsprechend dem notwendigen Schutzbedarf? Wann haben Sie eigentlich die Sicherheit Ihrer Oracle Datenbank das letzte Mal überprüft? Und noch besser gefragt, kennen Sie die Bedrohungen und die davon abgeleiteten Risiken? Alles Fragen deren Antworten ein verantwortlicher Anwendungsbesitzer sofort parat haben sollte oder sehen Sie das anders? Wie kann man sich am besten vor Bedrohungen schützen? Die einzige richtige Antwort auf diese Frage ist, durch Informationen und daraus abgeleitetes Wissen. Nun umfassen Informationen und das darin versteckte Wissen wahrscheinlich sehr viele Quellen. D.h. es wird immer schwieriger sich das richtige Wissen anzueignen und dieses Wissen für den Schutz von Daten und Datenbanken anzuwenden.Betrachtet man die Oracle Datenbank, dann empfehle ich zwei wesentliche Bereiche, die man tun muss bzw. wissen sollte. Die Best Practices Lösungen kennen, die man implementieren sollte und teilweise muss, um gute Sicherheit zu garantieren.Ich nenne diesen Bereich „13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)“ Wie sieht der wirkliche Sicherheitszustand einer Oracle Datenbank aus.Diesen Bereich nenne ich „Check Oracle DB Security“ In diesem Beitrag möchte ich Sie nun in die Grundlagen einer guten Oracle Datenbank Sicherheit einführen und Sie befähigen, den Sicherheitszustand Ihrer Datenbank selber bestimmen zu können. 13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)“  Password-Management aktiveren:Seien Sie sich bewusst, dass schwache Passwords eine hohe Bedrohung bedeuten. Aktivieren Sie ein vernünftiges Password Management Kennen Sie den Funktionsumfang Ihrer aktuellen Datenbank Version, auch die Funktionen, die nicht mehr unterstützt werden.Der "New Feature und Upgrade Guide" sollte eine Pflichtlektüre werden. Implementieren Sie eine passende Mindestsicherheit.Oracle liefert hier viele Vorgaben. Haben Sie das Rollen- und Account Management im GriffHier geht es um eine kontrollierte Privilegien-Vergabe (Least Privileg), eine Zwecktrennung im Account Management und eine andauernde Überprüfung des Rollenmanagements und Zugriffskonzepts Sicheres Datenbank Link Konzept implementierenGerade im Bereich der Datenintegration werden wiederholt DB Links in der Datenbank konfiguriert. Diese Links eröffnen u.U. unkontrollierte Zugriffe auf entfernte Datenbanken. Tracken Sie den Zugriff und setzen Sie ein sicheres DB Link Konzept um. Oracle liefert hier die entsprechenden Vorgaben. Definieren Sie Schutz-Policies für Ihre Anwendungen.Hierunter fällt z.B. ein richtiges Anwendungs-Owner und Anwendungs-User Setup Implementieren Sie den notwendigen Datenschutz für wichtige DatenKennen Sie die Daten, die geschützt werden müssen und schützen Sie diese angemessen. Kontrollieren Sie den Ressourcenverbrauch in Ihrer Datenbank Implementieren Sie eine sinnvolle Zwecktrennung in der DatenbankAuch bei der Datenbank ist es sinnvoll eine Zwecktrennung zu implementieren. Schalten Sie eine sinnvolle und gesetzeskonforme Protokollierung ein.Gesetze erfordern das und Oracle gibt eine Mindestprotokollierung vor. Implementieren Sie Prozesse, die den guten Zustand der Datenbank erhalten Führen Sie regelmäßige Health- Checks durchOracle liefert z.B. mit dem Enterprise Manager eine vollständige Library. Definieren Sie ein funktionierendes Patch-ManagementKennen Sie die Critical Patch Updates und handeln Sie falls notwendig. Check Oracle DB Security oder wer den Sicherheitszustand nicht kennt, wird auch keine Maßnahmen ergreifen Den Sicherheitszustand einer Oracle Datenbank zu überprüfen, ist sehr wichtig. Hierfür kann man verschiedene Anwendungen nutzen, die im Markt erhältlich sind. Eine gute Entscheidung wäre z.B. den Oracle Enterprise Manager (Cloud Control) mit dem Lifecycle Management zu nutzen, der periodisch den Sicherheitszustand für Sie ermittelt. Eine manuelle Überprüfung ist auch möglich, erfordert aber tiefes Wissen. Doch auch trotz der hohen Wissensanforderung ist ein Verstehen, wie man eine Oracle Datenbank manuell auf Sicherheit überprüft, wichtig. Vertrauen Sie nicht mehr auf Vermutungen, sondern nehmen Sie die Sicherheit Ihrer Datenbank ernst und lernen Sie den realen Zustand Ihrer Datenbank kennen. Wissen über reale Zustände und Wissen über geeignete Konzepte schützen. Erst dann können Sie entscheiden, welche Maßnahmen tatsächlich notwendig sind. Weiterführende Informationen: Oracle Online Dokumentation für die Datenbank Verschiedene Artikel in der Knowledge Base vom Oracle Support Das neue Buch „Oracle Security in der Praxis. Vollständige Sicherheitsüberprüfung Ihrer Oracle Datenbank“.

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  • Increasing Max Upload File Size on IIS7/Win7 Pro

    - by Jay Querido
    I'm setting up a server for a client (something I don't typically do), and I'm running into issues with uploading larger files (11MB). The server is running Windows 7 Professional with IIS added. In web.config I've tried setting <system.web> <httpRuntime maxRequestLength="65536" /> <!-- 64MB --> </system.web> ... and that doesn't work. I've set <system.webSecurity> <security> <requestFiltering> <requestLimits maxAllowedContentLength="68157440" /> </requestFiltering> </security> </system.webSecurity> ... and that doesn't work either. What am I missing here? As I've said, I don't typically set up servers, so I may be missing something obvious... no suggestion will be scoffed at! Thanks in advance.

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  • Max TCP Connections to a machine

    - by A9S6
    I am creating a Windows Service in .NET to which N number of client can connect. The service starts a TCP listener and accepts the client connections. The problem I am facing is that I can only open 10 connections to this service. The listener::AcceptTcpClient() method accepts only 10 connection and throws an exception for 11th one. The client application uses the System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient class and the service is using System.Net.Sockets.TcpListener class. This is the exception that I am getting when I try to make a number of connections in a for loop to this service (after the 10th connection is made): "Unable to read data from Transport connection: An exsting connection was forcibly closed by remote host"

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