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• Can't Get Mac Mini to turn on - no screen, no beep, only the fan, power light, and optical drive noi

  - by pibyers

  I have an Intel-based Mac mini mid-2007 (Model A1176). This is the computer my kids use so I don't use it regularly. The computer had been working fine until one day my kids told me that it no longer works. The computer will not boot up. When I turn it on the fan turns, the white power light in the front turns on, and there is a sound that appears to be from the optical drive (rather than hard drive). I don't get anything to the monitor, nor do I get any dings or other start up sounds from the computer. Here is what I've tried thus far to no avail: 1) Swapped out the monitors early on since I figured that was my weak link - no change 2) Reset the PMU - no change 3) Tried to boot up from the System Disk - The mini loaded the dvd into the drive, but nothing else (I can't eject the disk so I can put it back) 3) Start up the computer in target mode connected to another mac - I tried this too, but I never received a chime or the disk show up on the other mac. I'm about out of ideas apart from scraping the computer. Does anyone have any ideas that I can try? Again, nothing has been done to the computer in at least 6 months when I upgraded the RAM. I'm also still on Leopard. Thanks.

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• Accidentally mounted a ReiserFS drive as MBR on my windows box - how do I recover?

  - by Ryan

  I had a WD Netcenter with a 160GB drive that kept dropping off the network. I opened up the enclosure and removed the hard drive, connected to a Windows box without knowing the drive used ReiserFS.... When mounting on the Windows box, I chose "MBR" as filesystem. 70GB of data corrupted: 90% of data is word documents, excel spreadsheets, and jpg's - all mission critical. Attempted recovery on Linux box (ubuntu) using TestDisk: I could see the container, but couldn't get anything out – according to TestDisk this was because I chose "none" as filesystem. Attempted recovery using Nucleus Kernel Recovery for windows: 98% of what was recovered is incomplete and/or unusable. I need to know if a way exists to recover or rebuild original ReiserFS MBR, or what tools/techniques might give me the best results in recovering the data. Found a Windows version of TestDisk and I ran it yesterday - here are the results: TestDisk 6.14-WIP, Data Recovery Utility, May 2012 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org Disk /dev/sda - 160 GB / 149 GiB - CHS 19457 255 63 The harddisk (160 GB / 149 GiB) seems too small! (< 519 GB / 483 GiB) Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection... The following partitions can't be recovered: Partition Start End Size in sectors > ReiserFS 3.6 62 241 8 19458 0 18 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 62 248 55 19458 8 2 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 62 254 37 19458 13 47 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 6 28 19458 20 38 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 13 11 19458 27 21 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 21 43 19458 35 53 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 27 41 19458 41 51 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 37 35 19458 51 45 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 54 20 19458 68 30 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 76 26 19458 90 36 311581568

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• Bad sectors, S.M.A.R.T., SpinRite, firmware on platter and drive id questions.

  - by Christopher Galpin

  Is it possible for S.M.A.R.T. to give false readings (say I was fiddling with lots of recovery programs, transfers, so on and so forth) or is it absolutely a read-only direct correlation to the physical status of a drive? Does SpinRite level 5 "recover bad sectors" operate on those marked at the factory? Are they on the same level as your generic bad sector, with SpinRite thus having full access? (Also I'm curious if SMART's bad sector count is zero'd afterward or if it includes factory marked sectors.) The main firmware of some drives, like a WD Passport is stored on the platter. How is it protected? Is it through marking them as bad sectors? If so, I'm wondering if SpinRite's sector recovery could bring about firmware corruption on these drives. Is the failure of a drive to report valid identity information (hdparm -I /dev/xx) consistent with corrupted firmware, or just general disk failure? I may be misunderstanding the role of firmware here. I feel I've read a drive's identity information is on the platter, just like the partition tables and so on. Is this true? (Apologizes if this is more appropriate for SuperUser.)

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• Why are group policy preference drive mappings not applied to the domain administrator account?

  - by Saariko

  I have a working policy on my entire domain. I just found out, when logging with the domain administrator, that this policy is not applied (EDIT: Running : gpresult shows that the GPO's are applied - but, this GPO is for Drive Mappings, and the actual drive mappings are NOT shown) The administrator account - does not have any login script on his profile tab. To note: The mappings were applied before the GPO with a login script using the : net use ... command - all was working perfectly and correctly for the domain administrator user as well - That removes sharing and security problem (IMO) My GPO's are mainly small/atomic settings: single GPO to handle each settings: UAC, Firewall, printers. GPO status for the object is enabled That's an overview of the Drive Maps: Reading on MS support site, I checked the delegation tab, and it is marked as applied to domain and enterprise admins. Every user gets these policies correctly. The OU that is set is the root of the domain. (for testing purpose - I did that to eliminate hierarchy issues - did not help) Block Inheritance is disabled. (never used it anyway) GPO link GPO Security Filterings

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• Would a PHP application benefit from being served from a RAM drive?

  - by Tom Marthenal

  I am in charge of hosting a PHP application that is large and slow, but easy to scale. The application is entirely static, with writable disk storage needed. We've profiled the application, and the main bottleneck appears to come from loading the application and not the work the application does. The application is not CPU-intensive, although it does use a fair amount of memory (think Magento). Currently we distribute it by having a series of servers with the same PHP files on their hard drive and a load balancer in front of them. Easy but expensive. I've been reading about RAM disks and the IO benefits they offer, and was wondering if they would be well-suited to PHP applications. Since PHP applications are loaded from disk for every request and often involve lots of different files (as opposed to being kept in memory like with a Java application), I would figure that disk performance can be a severe bottleneck. Would placing the PHP files on a RAM disk and using the mount point as Apache's document root offer performance benefits? A startup script could create the RAM drive and then copy the files (which are plain-text and small) from a permanent location to the temporary RAM drive. Does this make sense, or should I just trust the linux kernel to cache the appropriate files in memory by itself?

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• Data recovery; nearly 1 tb of movies on a WD 3.5 tb personal cloud drive disappears with scanty traces

  - by Effector Dhanushanth

  I have a great collection of movies that I had stored in a logical mesh of folder on my 3.5 tb WD personal cloud drive. I woke up 1 morning and found that everything was fine with my data on this drive, except for my movie collection: There were two great folders, one "2sort" nd the other "segregated". out of all the segregated sub folders, only letter C D and 2 or 3 others remain. and the 2 sort folder, which has umpteen subfolders, amounting to more than 0.5 tb. is.. it's just gone!! this is a great downfall.. now this is a personal cloud drive and has no usb port etc. unfortunately to hardwire and recover files.. now I'm sure there are softwares out there that can help me recover my beloved movies from such an interestingly "hard-to-reach" (should I say?) device? what may that software be compadre, my happiness lies within your answer.. thank you.. remember, recovery software or (WD) personal cloud. :) these ovies were All, "hand-picked", over the course of ten years.. I just never catalogued my collection.. if I could just get the "list" of my lost collection, that'd be enough.. recovering em would be a bonus.. but they out to be damaged if I were to somehow recover you know? still, I'm certain they're all intact.. I guess the file index just got corrupted.. There surely is a veil of some sort that need to be thrown or pushed aside to reveal my movies.. what software can do/does that? thanks immensely!

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• Why am I unable to mount my USB drive (unknown partition table)?

  - by Pat

  I'm a real newbie to linux. Anyway the problem is that my USB doesn't get recognized anymore which is really annoying because I need information from it. I've read like a zillion threads how to manually mount it but I really can't it to work. I hope it's just some easy, stupid problem where any of you could help me out quickly.. Here is the syslog: kernel: [ 6872.420125] usb 2-2: new high-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 11: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-2" kernel: [ 6872.556295] scsi8 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 11 was not an MTP device kernel: [ 6873.558081] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer 8.01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS kernel: [ 6873.559964] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 kernel: [ 6873.562833] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 15682559 512-byte logical blocks: (8.02 GB/7.47 GiB) kernel: [ 6873.564867] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off kernel: [ 6873.564878] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 08 kernel: [ 6873.565485] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.565495] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.568377] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.568387] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.574330] sdc: unknown partition table kernel: [ 6873.576853] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.576863] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.576871] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk Thanks in advance

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• How to auto syncronize files with network drive on Windows XP?

  - by stephenmm

  Windows XP: I would like to auto synchronize files between a a local drive and a network drive. I am aware of Windows Briefcase but it is very slow and I have to tell it to synchronize. I really like the way Dropbox does there synchronization as it is almost instantaneous. It is very impressive. I would just use Dropbox but I cannot install it on the remote machine. Is there some tool or script I can create that will watch a particular folder for any changes and then sync those changes to the networked drive automatically and nearly instantaneously? CLARIFICATION: I would like this tool/script to to be a daemon that starts when windows starts and continually monitors a folder for any changes to its contents. Once it observes changes in the source or the destination it synchronizes the files that changed (Very similar to the way Dropbox works). I have a good idea about how I would do this in a Perl script and if a tool does not exist that does this I will write it myself in Perl. If someone has already done this can they share the script?

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• How can I restore the registry keys from another C drive? (Windows 7 64bit)

  - by graham3d

  I ran Uniblue registry booster on my system which was working fine. It did a full back up of the registry keys. Now I cannot boot from that disk. I also cannot get into the BIOS! To restore the registry I have to run Uniblue registry booster from within windows. I cannot get there. I can boot up on another C drive, and can see the files on the drive with the problem. Is there any way I can find the Registry Booster backup files and restore it from the other disk? Or find the registry backup and upload it into the registry so I can boot off the other disk again? Or, Can I do a windows repair from the other disk? NB: not getting in to the bios means I cannot boot off the CD/DVD! (I can use the DVD drive from within windows) Any ideas? I do not want to reinstall everything yet again, it takes about 6 hours.

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• HTG Explains: What’s a Solid State Drive and What Do I Need to Know?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Solid State Drives (SSDs) are the lighting fast new kid on the hard drive block, but are they a good match for you? Read on as we demystify SSDs. The last few years have seen a marked increase in the availability of SSDs and a decrease in price (although it certainly may not feel that way when comparing prices between SSDs and traditional HDDs). What is an SSD? In what ways do you benefit the most from paying the premium for an SSD? What, if anything, do you need to do differently with an SSD? Read on as we cut through  the new-product-haze surrounding Solid State Drives. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Get Amazing Color from Photos in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Learn To Adjust Contrast Like a Pro in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Have You Ever Wondered How Your Operating System Got Its Name? Should You Delete Windows 7 Service Pack Backup Files to Save Space? What Can Super Mario Teach Us About Graphics Technology? Windows 7 Service Pack 1 is Released: But Should You Install It? Save Files Directly from Your Browser to the Cloud in Chrome and Iron The Steve Jobs Chronicles – Charlie and the Apple Factory [Video] Google Chrome Updates; Faster, Cleaner Menus, Encrypted Password Syncing, and More Glowing Chess Set Combines LEDs, Chess, and DIY Electronics Fun Peaceful Alpine River on a Sunny Day [Wallpaper] Fast Society Creates Mini and Mobile Temporary Social Networks

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• How to fix "Disk drive for /boot/efi is not ready or not present"?

  - by N.N.

  After I updated BIOS/UEFI version to 1101 on an Asus P8Z68-V PRO motherboard Ubuntu (11.10) did not boot. After POST all I saw was a black screen with a blinking cursor in the top left corner. I booted an Ubuntu 11.10 live-CD and set the flag for the 20 MB partition before my boot partition to "bios_grub". Then I was able to boot and login. But now every time I boot and Ubuntu loads I get the following message: Disk drive for /boot/efi is not ready or not present. Continue waiting or press s to skip or m for manual recovery. I am able to login if I choose to ignore it by pressing s, but what does this message mean? How can I fix what the message warns about? After logging in I have noticed that /boot/efi is empty. The following forum post speaks of the same issue ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1893030. Updating to the latest BIOS/UEFI - version 3203, did not have any effect on this issue.

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• Hard-drive will randomly fail to load GRUB. Booting a live USB/CD fixes the issue temporarily

  - by Usagi

  I am running 12.04 64-bit and am dual booting with Win7, for full disclosure, although I suspect that has nothing to do with my problem. Occasionally the boot-loader(GRUB) will fail to load and I will be presented with a black screen with a single blinking line. There is no apparent pattern although I suspect there is one and it is related to a program I am running. This has happened to me eight out of ten power cycles now and I can fix it consistently, however, I have no idea why it happens. My current fix is to boot a live CD (I've tried both KNOPPIX and Ubuntu with the same result) and that's it. Somehow booting with the live CD is enough to "wake-up" my hard drive. I then reboot and GRUB magically appears again. So what is going on? Is it possible that a program is corrupting my MBR and the live CD is restoring it? How can I narrow down the possibilities? Thanks. Additional: This is still a problem. I'm convinced now that it is not hardware related as I've spent the last month and several boot cycles on Windows without a hiccup. Recently when I started using Ubuntu again the problem started again. I am more interested in figuring out what is going on rather than actually fixing the problem. Are there any tools, logs, etc. I can use to unravel this mystery?

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• Why is IIS Anonymous authentication being used with administrative UNC drive access?

  - by Mark Lindell

  My account is local administrator on my machine. If I try to browse to a non-existent drive letter on my own box using a UNC path name: \mymachine\x$ my account would get locked out. I would also get the following warning (Event ID 100, Type “Warning”) 5 times under the “System” group in Event Viewer on my box: The server was unable to logon the Windows NT account 'ourdomain\myaccount' due to the following error: Logon failure: unknown user name or bad password. I would also get the following warning 3 times: The server was unable to logon the Windows NT account 'ourdomain\myaccount' due to the following error: The referenced account is currently locked out and may not be logged on to. On the domain controller, Event ID 680 of type “Failure Audit” would appear 4 times under the “Security” group in Event Viewer: Logon attempt by: MICROSOFT_AUTHENTICATION_PACKAGE_V1_0 Logon account: myaccount Followed by Event ID 644: User Account Locked Out: Target Account Name: myaccount Target Account ID: OURDOMAIN\myaccount Caller Machine Name: MYMACHINE Caller User Name: STAN$ Caller Domain: OURDOMAIN Caller Logon ID: (0x0,0x3E7) Followed by another 4 errors having Event ID 680. Strangely, every time I tried to browse to the UNC path I would be prompted for a user name and password, the above errors would be written to the log, and my account would be locked out. When I hit “Cancel” in response to the user name/password prompt, the following message box would display: Windows cannot find \mymachine\x$. Check the spelling and try again, or try searching for the item by clicking the Start button and then clicking Search. I checked with others in the group using XP and they only got the above message box when browsing to a “bad” drive letter on their box. No one else was prompted for a user name/password and then locked out. So, every time I tried to browse to the “bad” drive letter, behind the scenes XP was trying to login 8 times using bad credentials (or, at least a bad password as the login was correct), causing my account to get locked out on the 4th try. Interestingly, If I tried browsing to a “good” drive such as “c$” it would work fine. As a test, I tried logging on to my box as a different login and browsing the “bad” UNC path. Strangely, my “ourdomain\myaccount” account was getting locked out – not the one I was logged in as! I was totally confused as to why the credentials for the other login were being passed. After much Googling, I found a link referring to some IIS settings I was vaguely familiar with from the past but could not see how they would affect this issue. It was related to the IIS directory security setting “Anonymous access and authentication control” located under: Control Panel/Administrative Tools/Computer Management/Services and Applications/Internet Information Services/Web Sites/Default Web Site/Properties/Directory Security/Anonymous access and authentication control/Edit/Password I found no indication while scouring the Internet that this property was related to my UNC problem. But, I did notice that this property was set to my domain user name and password. And, my password did age recently but I had not reset the password accordingly for this property. Sure enough, keying in the new password corrected the problem. I was no longer prompted for a user name/password when browsing the UNC path and the account lock-outs ceased. Now, a couple of questions: Why would an IIS setting affect the browsing of a UNC path on a local box? Why had I not encountered this problem before? My password has aged several times and I’ve never encountered this problem. And, I can’t remember the last time I updated the “Anonymous access” IIS password it’s been so long. I’ve run the script after a password reset before and never had my account locked-out due to the UNC problem (the script accesses UNC paths as a normal part of its processing). Windows Update did install “Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 7 for Windows XP (KB972260)” on my box on 7/29/2009. I wonder if this is responsible.

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• Motherboard/PSU crippling USB and Sata

  - by celebdor

  I very recently bought a new desktop computer. The motherboard is: Z77MX-D3H and the power supply is ocz zs series 550w. The issue I have is that once I boot to the operating system (I have tried with fedora and Ubuntu with kernels 2.6.38 - 3.4.0), my hard drive (2.5" Magnetic) occasionally makes a power switch noise and it resets. Needless to say, when this drive is the OS drive, the OS crashes. I also have a SSD that works fine with the same OS configurations, but if I have the magnetic hard drive attached as second drive, it works erratically and the reconnects result in corrupted data. I also noticed that whenever I plug an external hard drive USB2.0 or USB3.0 to the computer the issue with the reconnects is even worse: [ 52.198441] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Spinning up disk... [ 57.955811] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 3 [ 58.023687] .ready [ 58.023914] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 58.023919] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.023932] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024061] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 58.024063] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024064] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024099] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 58.024101] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00 [ 58.024135] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 58.024137] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 58.024400] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 58.024402] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024405] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024448] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 58.024450] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024451] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024469] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 58.024471] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 58.024472] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk [ 58.407725] usb 4-3: new SuperSpeed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd [ 58.424921] scsi8 : usb-storage 4-3:1.0 [ 59.424185] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Passport 0740 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 59.424406] scsi 8:0:0:1: Enclosure WD SES Device 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 59.425098] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 59.425176] ses 8:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [ 59.425248] ses 8:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 13 [ 61.845836] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 976707584 512-byte logical blocks: (500 GB/465 GiB) [ 61.845838] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 4096-byte physical blocks [ 61.846336] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 61.846338] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 47 00 10 08 [ 61.846718] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.846720] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.848105] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.848106] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.857147] sdc: sdc1 [ 61.858915] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.858916] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.858918] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk [ 69.875809] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 4 [ 70.275816] usb 4-3: new SuperSpeed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd [ 70.293063] scsi9 : usb-storage 4-3:1.0 [ 71.292257] scsi 9:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Passport 0740 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 71.292505] scsi 9:0:0:1: Enclosure WD SES Device 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 71.293527] sd 9:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 71.293668] ses 9:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [ 71.293758] ses 9:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 13 [ 73.323804] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 5 [ 101.868078] ses 9:0:0:1: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery [ 101.868124] ses 9:0:0:1: Failed to get diagnostic page 0x50000 [ 101.868131] ses 9:0:0:1: Failed to bind enclosure -19 [ 101.868288] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 101.868292] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868296] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868428] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 101.868434] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868439] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868468] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 101.868473] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00 [ 101.868580] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 101.868584] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 101.868845] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 101.868849] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868854] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868894] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 101.868898] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868903] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868961] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 101.868966] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 101.868969] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk Now, if I plug the same drive to the powered usb 2.0 hub of my monitor, the issue is not reproduced (at least on a 20h long operation). Also the issue of the usb reconnects is less frequent if the hard drive is plugged before I switch on the computer. Does anybody have some advice as to what I could do? Which is the faulty part/s that I should replace? As for me, I really don't know if to point my finger to the PSU or the Motherboard (I have updated to the latest firmware and checked the BIOS settings several times). EDIT: The reconnects are happening both in the Sata connected drives and the USBX connected drives.

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• How to resize / enlarge / grow a non-LVM ext4 partition

  - by Mischa

  I have already searched the forums, but couldnt find a good suitable answer: I have an Ubuntu Server 10.04 as KVM Host and a guest system, that also runs 10.04. The host system uses LVM and there are three logical volumes, which are provided to the guest as virtual block devices - one for /, one for /home and one for swap. The guest had been partitioned without LVM. I have already enlarged the logical volume in the host system - the guest successfully sees the bigger virtual disk. However, this virtual disk contains one "good old" partition, which still has the old small size. The output of fdisk -l is me@produktion:/$ LC_ALL=en_US sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c8ce7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 1 3917 31455232 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes 244 heads, 47 sectors/track, 365 cylinders Units = cylinders of 11468 * 512 = 5871616 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f2bf7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 366 2095104 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): phys=(0, 32, 33) logical=(0, 43, 28) Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings: phys=(260, 243, 47) logical=(365, 136, 44) Disk /dev/vdc: 225.5 GB, 225485783040 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 27413 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00027f25 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdc1 1 9138 73398272 83 Linux The output of parted print all is Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vda: 32.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 32.2GB 32.2GB primary ext4 boot Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdb: 2147MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 2146MB 2145MB primary linux-swap(v1) Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdc: 225GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 75.2GB 75.2GB primary ext4 What I want to achieve is to simply grow or resize the partition /dev/vdc1 so that it uses the whole space provided by the virtual block device /dev/vdc. The problem is, that when I try to do that with parted, it complains: (parted) select /dev/vdc Using /dev/vdc (parted) print Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdc: 225GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 75.2GB 75.2GB primary ext4 (parted) resize 1 WARNING: you are attempting to use parted to operate on (resize) a file system. parted's file system manipulation code is not as robust as what you'll find in dedicated, file-system-specific packages like e2fsprogs. We recommend you use parted only to manipulate partition tables, whenever possible. Support for performing most operations on most types of file systems will be removed in an upcoming release. Start? [1049kB]? End? [75.2GB]? 224GB Error: File system has an incompatible feature enabled. Compatible features are has_journal, dir_index, filetype, sparse_super and large_file. Use tune2fs or debugfs to remove features. So what can I do? This is a headless production system. What is a safe way to grow this partition? I CAN unmount it, though - so this is not the problem.

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• Mount to /dev/sdb1 without password

  - by Jarmo

  I am unable to mount a USB drive (or SD card) to my system without root access. When I plug in a USB drive, it is visible in the left column of Nautilus, but when I click on it to open it, I receive the error message Unable to mount 2.1 GB Filesystem Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/sdb1 I am able to mount the drive using sudo mount -w /dev/sdb1, but this causes problems for operations such as creating startup discs, which requires unmounting and remounting the drive. I suspect this problem may be caused by the fact that when I upgraded from 11.10 to 12.04, I had an SD card plugged in. This caused the system to stall during later startups, as it could not find this drive. I remedied this by editing a line of /etc/fstab to read /dev/sdb1 /media/sdb1 vfat noauto 0 0 However, I am dual booting Ubuntu with Windows XP, and I have no problem mounting the C: drive of the Windows system without root access, so I feel that this is a problem related to the mount point rather than mounting in general.

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• Windows Azure XDrive

  - by kaleidoscope

  This allows your Windows Azure compute applications running in our cloud to use the existing NTFS APIs to store their data in a durable drive. The drive is backed by a Windows Azure Page Blob formatted as a single NTFS volume VHD.   The Page Blob can be mounted as a drive within the Windows Azure cloud, where all non-buffered/flushed NTFS writes are made durable to the drive (Page Blob).   If the application using the drive crashes, the data is kept persistent via the Page Blob, and can be remounted when the application instance is restarted or remounted elsewhere for a different application instance to use.   Since the drive is an NTFS formatted Page Blob, you can also use the standard blob interfaces to uploaded and download your NTFS VHDs to the cloud. More details can be found at: http://microsoftpdc.com/Sessions/SVC14 Anish, S

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• Ubuntu Variant / Linux Distros which uses least system resources (RAM, CPU)?

  - by elegantonyx

  I have a netbook (an older Asus EEEPC 1005HA) which I want to get rid of Windoze on (I like Windows, but I don't think it works well in a netbook environment). Basically, my question is which Ubuntu variant will use the least RAM and CPU running idle, and/or the same question except when running Firefox and Libreoffice Writer, say. I am also open to suggestions of non-Ubuntu Linux distros, but since this is AskUbuntu I thought the first question would be more appropriate. I have a disk drive which I can attach to the netbook, so it doesn't have to be a Ubuntu Variant / Linux Distro which solely boots from a USB drive. I have at my disposal: DVDs, DVD writer/ disk drive, 4gb flash drive, 8 gb flash drive I was thinking either Lubuntu or Archbang / Crunchbang but I would like some help from more knowledgable people Specs: Can't boot into it right now, but I think I have either Intel Atom N270 @1.60ghz OR Intel Atom N280 @1.66ghz (single core, I think) 2gb RAM 160 GB hard drive

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• Raid superblock missing on single parition. Recovery needed!

  - by user171639

  Ok so I have a 2 TB raid 1 setup that has three partitions: sdc1: linux sdc2: swap sdc3: LVM for data However the LVM will no longer mount. So I thought that I would take the first drive, mount it in linux (ive done this b4), and reset the spare drive to copy the data. Normally I can mount a single drive for data recovery using: sudo su apt-get install mdadm lvm2 mdadm --assemble --scan modprobe dm-mod vgscan vgchange -ay c mount -o ro /dev/c/c /mnt Unfortunately, vgscan doesnot recognize the data partition. It appears as though the superblock on the first drive's data partition was erased while syncing with the second. So now I cannot mount that partition and the second drive is stuck in spare mode. Any ideas? Or a way to force mount the data partition just to copy the data? knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo su root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# apt-get install mdadm lvm2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done lvm2 is already the newest version. mdadm is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 551 not upgraded. root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# mdadm --assemble --scan mdadm: /dev/md/1 has been started with 1 drive (out of 2). mdadm: /dev/md/0 has been started with 1 drive (out of 2). root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# modprobe dm-mod root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... No volume groups found root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdc1[2] 4193268 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] md1 : active raid1 sdc2[2] 524276 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] unused devices: <none> root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# mdadm -v --assemble --auto=yes /dev/md2 /dev/sdc3 mdadm: looking for devices for /dev/md2 mdadm: no recogniseable superblock on /dev/sdc3 mdadm: /dev/sdc3 has no superblock - assembly aborted root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# dumpe2fs /dev/md0 | grep -i superblock dumpe2fs 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012) Primary superblock at 0, Group descriptors at 1-1 Backup superblock at 32768, Group descriptors at 32769-32769 Backup superblock at 98304, Group descriptors at 98305-98305 Backup superblock at 163840, Group descriptors at 163841-163841 Backup superblock at 229376, Group descriptors at 229377-229377 Backup superblock at 294912, Group descriptors at 294913-294913 Backup superblock at 819200, Group descriptors at 819201-819201 Backup superblock at 884736, Group descriptors at 884737-884737 root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# Notes: I can read the super block from the spare drive. I was gonna try and restore the superblock from one of the backups, but i dont know how or if this would work. I also heard creating a new array (mdadm --create) using the same parameters will not delete the data on the drive but i didnt want to risk it. Recommendations?

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• Using UNION in a query with PHP [migrated]

  - by work

  I have an SQL query which links 3 tables using UNION: $sql ="(SELECT Drive.DriveID,Ram.Memory from Drive,Ram where Drive.DriveID = Ram.RamID) UNION (SELECT Drive.DriveID,External.Memory from Drive, External where Drive.DriveID = External.ExtID)"; Suppose I want to get Ram.Name as well. How do I do this? If I use Ram.Name in the first SELECT statement it would not produce the correct result. Any method for tackling this? I want to do it using UNION.

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• New Dell PE R710 - Storage Question

  - by rihatum

  Hi All, Dell PE R710, received from Dell in the following state : Windows Disk 0 1800GB ( Volume C & D ) Windows Disk 1 526 GB (Volume E ) Perc6i Integrated Raid Controller 6 x 500GB Nearline SAS 7200RPM HDDs Raid 5 Configuration with two Virtual Disks I have installed Dell open Manage and it shows the following : Virtual Disk 0 - State : Background Initialization ( 7% ) Virtual Disk 1 - State : Background Initialization ( 25% ) Now when I click on Virtual Disk 0 it shows me all 6 Disks and the same happens when I click on Virtual Disk 1 it displays all 6 disks. But when I click on Storage Perc6i Connector 0 I get 4 Physical disks with the following numbers : Physical Disk 0:0:0 Physical Disk 0:0:1 Physical Disk 0:0:2 Physical Disk 0:0:3 When I click on Storage Perc6i Connector 1 I get 2 Physical Disks Listed in the following way : Physical Disk 1:0:4 Physical Disk 1:0:5 I am a little confused in this description, does this 1:0:4 interprets to Controller1, Disk4. Does this integrated raid card have two controllers coming out of it ? Also, When I first switched on the machine, the boot partition was showing 1GB Available out of 40GB, now its showing 38GB available out of 40GB. Is this because the Virtual Disks are still Initializing ? Any recommendations or suggestions ? Also, this server have 6 x 500GB NearLine SAS Hard drives, what would be a good raid config ? We are planning to use it for Hyper-V with quite a few (7 or 8) virtual servers, your suggestions would be helpful. Also, while the virtual disks are in a initialization state, can I destroy and re-create the raid configuration ? I would have to do it at the BIOS CTRL-M ? Thanks and Regards

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• High availability virtual machines

  - by Jeremy

  I've been reading a lot about high availability virtualization, either via Hyper-V or VMWare. In that context, essentially high availabliity means that the VM is hosted by a closter of physical servers (nodes), so if one of the physical servers goes down, the VM can still be served by other physical servers. So far so good, the physical cluster and the VM itself are highly available. However if the service being provided, let's say SQL server, MSDTC, or any other service, are actually being provided by the VM image and the virtualized operating system. So I imagine that there is still a point of failure at the virtual layer that isn't accounted for. Something could happen within the virtual machine itself that the physican cluster can not account for, correct? In that instance the physican failover cluster (Hyper-V) or VMWare host, can not fail over, because the issue is not with one of the servers in the physical cluster - failing over a physical node would not do any good. Does this necessitate building a virtual failover cluster on top of the physical one, or is this not necessary? Alternatively, I suppose you could skip the phsyical clustering, and just cluster at the virtual layer (Child based failover clustering), because that should still survive a physical failure. See image below showing parent based (left), child based (right) and a combination (center). Is parent based as far as you need to go, or is child based more appropriate?

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• How to structure (normalize?) a database of physical parameters?

  - by Arrieta

  Hello: I have a collection of physical parameters associated with different items. For example: Item, p1, p2, p3 a, 1, 2, 3 b, 4, 5, 6 [...] where px stands for parameter x. I could go ahead and store the database exactly as presented; the schema would be CREATE TABLE t1 (item TEXT PRIMARY KEY, p1 FLOAT, p2 FLOAT, p3 FLOAT); I could retrieve the parameter p1 for all the items with the statement: SELECT p1 FROM t1; A second alternative is to have an schema like: CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT PRIMARY KEY, item TEXT, par TEXT, val FLOAT) This seems much simpler if you have many parameters (as I do). However, the parameter retrieval seems very awkward: SELECT val FROM t1 WHERE par == 'p1' What do you advice? Should go for the "pivoted" (first) version or the id, par, val (second) version? Many thanks.

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• How should I configure grub for booting linux kernel from a USB hard drive?

  - by skolima

  I have a laptop hard drive in an external enclosure which I use as a large pendrive. For an added twist, I have installed Linux on it, so I can boot any machine with my distribution of choice (e.g. for data recovery or repairing a b0rked system or just using a borrowed laptop without destroying the preinstalled Windows). The problem is that, depending on the hardware configuration, the USB hard drive may be visible under different paths. For grub configuration I just use (hda0,0) as it is relative to the device the grub was launched from. I have UUID entries in /etc/fstab. I also specify rootwait in the kernel parameters so that it waits for the USB subsystem to settle down before trying to mount the device. What should I pass to the kernel as root= ? Currently boot from the pendrive once, check the debug messages to see what /dev/sdX device has been assigned to the USB drive by the kernel, then reboot and edit the grub configuration. I can't change anything on the PC besides enabling Boot from USB hard drive in BIOS and setting it to higher priority than internal hard drives. There are various initrd generating scripts which include support for UUID in root device path, unfortunately the Gentoo native one (genkernel) does not support rootwait and I had no luck trying to use others. The boot process goes like this (it is quite similar in Windows): The BIOS chooses the boot device and loads whatever is its MBR (which happens to be grub stage-1). Grub loads it's configuration and stage-2 files from device it has set as root, using (hd0) for the device it was loaded from by BIOS. Grub loads and starts a kernel (still the same numbering, so I can use (hd0,0) again ). Kernel initializes all built-in devices (rootwait does it's magic now). Kernel mounts the partition it was passed as root (this is a kernel parameter, not grub parameter). init.d starts the userland booting process, including mounting things from /etc/fstab. Part 5 is the one giving me problems.

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• Backup, Migrate or Clone Failing CentOS 4 (LVM)

  - by Hegelworm

  I've been running a BlueQuartz CentOS 4 system (Nuonce.net distro) for a few years now and although the hard drive (Deskstar) has always been a bit noisy, on a few recent occasions I've heard it having trouble spinning up. Basically, I want to clone this drive to a similar sized one (80 Gig). I've spent many hours reading upon dd, dd_rescue, rsync, clonezilla and LVM mirroring yet the sheer number of options and nightmarish accounts has left me frozen - unable to make an informed decision as to how to start. I've made a few attempts. dd failed after about 2 hours, as, although the drives appeared to be identical on the surface (ATA Seagate Barracudas, Thai not Chinese), the destination drive is slightly smaller. My most recent attempt involved using a Debian CD to format the new drive and then rsync-ing everything over and editing the new drive's grub and fstab to reflect the changes. No joy here either as I hadn't chosen LVM when partitioning the destination drive and it wouldn't boot. As you can probably tell, I'm out of my depth here and a panic-invoking mixture of caution and frustration has prompted me to sign up here. The server itself, although not strictly a production environment, has a very specific installation of Festival, LAME and ffMpeg and provides the back-end for a Text-to-Speech jQuery plugin that I've built over the last 2 years. I'm also planning to rebuild the whole TTS system on Debian as the existing CentOS system still has PHP4 etc. For now though, I'd really like to just shift everything over to a new drive. As this is my first post, please feel free to lay any house rules on me that I might've overlooked; I've been hovering around StackOverflow for a while now but have only just signed up. Many thanks. Update: Thanks for your responses so far - it's much appreciated and makes me feel a little more confident when I can double-check things here. I had the idea of doing a fresh install of CentOS (from the original disk) on the new drive so the partitions and LVM were all set up correctly (after disconnecting my source drive to prevent painful mistakes). I then booted into rescue mode from the same CD, and, to avoid a conflicting label, changed the /boot partition's label using e2label to /bootnew. I then changed the VolGroup name using lvm vgrename from VolGroup00 to VolGroup001. I could then boot with both drives in. After mounting the new drive (via its VolGroup001 alias) into /newhd, I rsync-ed over everything I could to the new drive, using -avr switches and backslashes. Like mentioned here. I then disconnected my original source drive again, booted from the liveCD again, changed back the boot partition label from /bootnew to /boot using e2label and then renamed the VolGroup back to VolGroup00. I then rebooted and it went through the familiar start-up routine only to not find a host of files in proc, usr, lib, var etc. The boot did complete but there were lots of red 'FAILS'. I could log in with my existing creds, but the network was kaput, I couldn't startX (desktop GUI) and there were also a few (a lot) of error messages pertaining to iptables. Back to square one. I naively thought I'd nailed it. Shall I just buy a bigger hard drive and attempt the dd route? I've read that this can mess with LVM setups and there's the added risk of working on two unmounted drives at once with a low-level tool. Thanks again.

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