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• Tracking logged in vs. non-logged in users in Google Analytics

  - by Justin

  I am building a social media site that is similar is structure to twitter and facebook.com where unauthenticated users who go to https://mysite.com will see a login + sign-up page, and authenticated users who go to https://mysite.com will see their timeline. My question is, what is the best practice (using Google Analytics) for tracking these two different types of users who are viewing completely different content but are visiting the same URL. I tried searching the Google Analytics docs but couldn't find what they suggested for this scenario. Perhaps I just don't know what keywords to search for. Thanks in advance for any help.

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• How to recover organic position in Google results after server down?

  - by ElHaix

  I have several sites that were doing quite well in terms of organic SEO rankings. I have the important sites setup in Google's Webmaster tools. Long story short, the system was down for about two weeks. Now in AdSense and Analytics, I am seeing that the page views are SLOWLY increasing. and I would like to know if there is anything I can do now to try to expedite the process of regaining those positions. Since there were several errors from that server, is it possible that Google will now rank any site from that IP address lower due to those two weeks of errors? Is this something that I just have to let ride out? Thanks.

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• Which one of the Google Analytics stats should be my top priority to improve SEO: visits, pageviews, bounce rate, new visitors, or visit duration

  - by HOY

  My site is getting a lot of traffic from an image (a company logo image) because this image is ranked 1st in Google search results for a company's title. (I have no idea how that happened.) This image is must for my website, but it is not relevant to the site content, so irrelevant people search for the image and find out about my site. I get interesting statistics: Pros: Total Visits & Avg. New Visits Cons: Avg. Page/Visit, Avg. Visit Duration, Bounce Rate I am confused if this image is helpful to my website. I don't know what the balance between those 5 statistics should be. My website is 2 months old, and we are working on SEO at the moment. Edit: here are the details about the image: Search Keyword: arcelik logo Search Site: google.com.tr Search URL

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• How to redirect a international domain to a subfolder on the English site without hurting Google rankings?

  - by ernest1a

  I have two sites: www.example.de www.main.com www.main.com is English version of www.example.de which is in German. I want to keep only www.main.com. For the English version I will keep www.main.com, but for German I want to move it to www.main.com/de. I am wondering what would be best solution for old www.example.de: Redirect everything from www.example.de to www.main.com/de using 301 redirect? Redirect everything from www.example.de towww.main.com/de/page-url-of-old-size.html? So each link actually get own address. Is that necessary or will Google realize where the page belongs on new site even if I redirect everything to home page? Any other solution, maybe just set in Google webmaster tools the new domain or anything like that?

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• How to interpret Google's "Avg. Page Load Time"?

  - by hawbsl

  Is there any industry rule of thumb for what's considered an unacceptable load time v. an OK one v. a blistering fast one? We're just reviewing some Google Analytics data and getting 0.74 Avg. Page Load Time reported. I guess that's OK. However it would be good if some meatier comparison data were available, or a blog post, or somewhere where there's some analysis of what speeds are generally being achieved by various kinds of sites. Any useful links to help someone interpret these speeds? If you Google it you just get a lot of results dealing with how to improve your speed. We're not at that stage yet.

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• When Google gives up recrawling 301 that led to 404?

  - by Easy Life

  I've transferred a domain and made a mistake in the redirects (the URL structure is identical). Even though they went to the new domain, the error caused a 404 when crawled by Google bot. 10 days after I saw and corrected my redirect mistake, and now the site should (hopefully) redirect to proper pages. Q1: The URLs of the 404 pages in the Webmaster Tools all bear the mistake and will never be available at the new site. I marked them as fixed in the tools. Do I need to do something about that, like 301 rewrite them with a condition to fix the error? Q2: Does Google bot attempt to recrawl 301 pages that pointed to a 404?

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• Are my Google Analytics ( 2 domains 1 site) duplicated or unique?

  - by MarcDJay

  We have recently built a new website with a new domain to replace an old website, and on the advice of our IT guys and web dev team have pointed both oldaddress.com's & newaddress.com's a records to the new website. Now, they both share the same google analytics code (UA-12345-1) and as such we have two entries in the Google Analytics dashboard. The problem is I'm still fairly novice with GA and as the reports seem VERY similar (~25k pageviews for each domain), are these figures exclusively for that domain? For example: oldaddress.com 25,400 pageviews newaddress.com 25,600 pageviews Does this mean that in total for this website I have 51,000 pageviews. Hope this is clear enough but let me know if anything needs clarifying. Thanks.

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• Google indexing pages with #! although we don't have any

  - by Benjamin Gruenbaum

  Our company has developed a Single Page Application using AngularJS and its routing. Google indexed our site decently with JavaScript but it did not index some pages very well so we have developed an HTML only version. We have followed the Ajax Crawling Specification posted here and have a <meta name='fragment' content='!'> tag and canonical urls. We expect http://www.example.com/foo/bar to be fetched from http://www.example.com/?_escaped_fragment_=/foo/bar. However, we have found out that when we rolled the AJAX specification we now have all pages indexed twice, once with the JavaScript version as http://www.example.com/foo/bar and once with the new version as http://www.example.com/#!/foo/bar. This is harmful to us since it's duplicate content and also mis-representing out site. I have tried looking for similar questions here and in the Google product forum but could not come up with anything.

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• ????????????????? Oracle Solaris ??? - Solaris 11 ????(??)

  - by kazun

  ???????????????? OS ????????????????????? 20 ??????????????????? Solaris?????????????????????? OS????????????????????????Solaris ???????????????????? ??????Oracle Solaris ??????????????6??????????????????Oracle Solaris ?????????????????????? [????????????] ?????(????????????? ???)?????(??????????????)?????(??????????????)?????(????????)???? ?(?????????????????)?????(???????????)(50??) Solaris????? ??: Solaris ??????????????????????????????????????Solaris ??Solaris ???????????????????????????? 10 ??? Solaris ?????????????????????? OS ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? OS ???? Solaris ?????? ??: Solaris ????????????????????????????OS?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???: ??????????????????????? 15 ??????????????????????????????????????????? Solaris ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????5 ???10 ??????????????????????????? Solaris ???????????? ??: ??? Solaris ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? OS ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ??????? OS ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????DTrace ????????????????????????????? Solaris ???????? ???: 1980 ?????Sun ???????OS???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?Solaris ????1988?????Sun ? AT&T ? System V Release 4.0 ?????????????Sun ????????? System V Release 4.0 ?????????? Unix OS ??? SunOS 5.0(?? 1992 ????????? Solaris 2.0)???????????????????? SMP ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????Solaris 2.0 ?????????????? OS ????????(?)???????????????????????????????? 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 ??????????? 2.0 ????????????????? ??: Solaris ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????OS?????????? ??: ????????????????????????? ???: ????????????????? OS ??????????? x86 ? SPARC ? 2 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? CPU ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Solaris ??? ????? ?? Solaris 2.0 - 2.1 AT&T ? UNIX System V Release 4 ??????????????SMP/?????????????????API ????? SunOS 5.0 ????????Solaris 2.0 ????x86 ?? SPARC ?? Solaris 2.1 ?????????????????????????????? Solaris 2.2 - 2.4 - ???????? (SVR4 ??) - ???????????(2.5.1 ?? PowerPC ?????????) - 2.4 ?? x86 ?????????????????? Solaris 2.6?Solaris 7(2.7 ??????) 64 bit ??(Itanium ?????) Solaris 8 - 9 ?????????? Solaris 10 - 11 ??????????????????(OS ????????????????) Solaris??????? ??: ?????????????????????????????????????????Solaris ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ?????????????????? OS ???????????Solaris 2.3 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???: ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? OS ????????????? Solaris ??????? ??: ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????DTrace ?????????????????????????????????? ??: ????Solaris ? UNIX ????????????????????????????????????? OS ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Solaris ????????????????????????????????????????????????? OS ??????????????????? Solaris ???????? ??: ??????????????????????????1?? OS ?????????????? OS ??????????????????????????????????????Solaris ????? 1 ?? Solaris ??????????????????OS????????????????? ???: Legacy Container ????????????? Solaris(Solaris 8?Solaris 9) ???????????? ??: Solaris 10 ?????? SMF(Service Management Facility) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: SMF?FMA (Fault Management Architecture)?????????????????????????????? Solaris ?????????????????????????? ???: ????????????????????????? ??: ?????????????????????1???????????????????????????????????????? Sun ??????????The Network Is The Computer???? ??: ??????Solaris 10 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Solaris?????? ??: Solaris ?????????????????????Sun ?????????????(? 20 ??)??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Sun ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Sun ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???: Solaris ????? SunOS ????????????????????????? OS ??????? ??: ??????????????????????????????Sun ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: 1990 ??????????????????? Solaris ???????? ???: ?????X Windows ???? Sun ??????????NeWS??????????????????????????????X Windows ??????????????????????????????????????? Sun ? Solaris ???????????????????????? ??: ???????Solaris ??????????????? OS ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ????????????????????? Solaris ????????????ZFS ???????????????????????????????? ??: ????? OS ??????? Solaris ??????(???)??????????????? ???: Solaris ???????????????????? Solaris??????Solaris 2.0 ???? 2 ??? 1 ??????????????(?????????)??????Solaris ? 2 ??????????????????????????????????????? 2 ????????????????????????????2 ??? 1 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????OS???????????? ???: Solaris ?????? Solaris ????????????OS ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ??????????????????????????????????????????????(?)?????????????????????????????????????????????15 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: Solaris ??????? Solaris ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ????????????????????????????????????????????????Solaris ??????????????????????????? ???: ??????????????Solaris ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Solaris ?????????? ??: Solaris ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??: ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???: 1994 ?????????????????????????????????????? ??: ??????????????????????????Solaris ????????????????????????????????????? ???: ???????????????? ??: ???Solaris ?????? 2 ?????????????????????????????????????? Solaris ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????OS?????????????????????????????????????????????????????Solaris ???????????? ??????Oracle Solaris ????????????6??????????????????Oracle Solaris ??????????????????????

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• How to include an external jar in a GWT module?

  - by Sergio del Amo

  I would like to use the org.apache.commons.validator.GenericValidator class in a view class of my GWT web app. I have read that I have to implicitely tell that I intend to use this external library. I thought adding the next line into my App.gwt.xml would work. <inherits name='org.apache.commons.validator.GenericValidator'/> I get the next error: Loading inherited module 'org.apache.commons.validator.GenericValidator' [ERROR] Unable to find 'org/apache/commons/validator/GenericValidator.gwt.xml' on your classpath; could be a typo, or maybe you forgot to include a classpath entry for source? [ERROR] Line 13: Unexpected exception while processing element 'inherits' com.google.gwt.core.ext.UnableToCompleteException: (see previous log entries) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.nestedLoad(ModuleDefLoader.java:239) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefSchema$BodySchema.__inherits_begin(ModuleDefSchema.java:354) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.HandlerMethod.invokeBegin(HandlerMethod.java:223) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.startElement(ReflectiveParser.java:270) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(AbstractSAXParser.java:501) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractXMLDocumentParser.emptyElement(AbstractXMLDocumentParser.java:179) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:1339) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:2747) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:648) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:510) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:807) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:737) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:107) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1205) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:522) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:327) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.access$100(ReflectiveParser.java:48) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:398) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.nestedLoad(ModuleDefLoader.java:257) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader$1.load(ModuleDefLoader.java:169) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.doLoadModule(ModuleDefLoader.java:283) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.loadFromClassPath(ModuleDefLoader.java:141) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.run(Compiler.java:184) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler$1.run(Compiler.java:152) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.doRun(CompileTaskRunner.java:87) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.runWithAppropriateLogger(CompileTaskRunner.java:81) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.main(Compiler.java:159) [ERROR] Failure while parsing XML com.google.gwt.core.ext.UnableToCompleteException: (see previous log entries) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.DefaultSchema.onHandlerException(DefaultSchema.java:56) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.Schema.onHandlerException(Schema.java:66) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.Schema.onHandlerException(Schema.java:66) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.HandlerMethod.invokeBegin(HandlerMethod.java:233) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.startElement(ReflectiveParser.java:270) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(AbstractSAXParser.java:501) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractXMLDocumentParser.emptyElement(AbstractXMLDocumentParser.java:179) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:1339) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:2747) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:648) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:510) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:807) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:737) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:107) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1205) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:522) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:327) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.access$100(ReflectiveParser.java:48) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:398) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.nestedLoad(ModuleDefLoader.java:257) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader$1.load(ModuleDefLoader.java:169) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.doLoadModule(ModuleDefLoader.java:283) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.loadFromClassPath(ModuleDefLoader.java:141) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.run(Compiler.java:184) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler$1.run(Compiler.java:152) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.doRun(CompileTaskRunner.java:87) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.runWithAppropriateLogger(CompileTaskRunner.java:81) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.main(Compiler.java:159) [ERROR] Unexpected error while processing XML com.google.gwt.core.ext.UnableToCompleteException: (see previous log entries) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:351) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser$Impl.access$100(ReflectiveParser.java:48) at com.google.gwt.dev.util.xml.ReflectiveParser.parse(ReflectiveParser.java:398) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.nestedLoad(ModuleDefLoader.java:257) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader$1.load(ModuleDefLoader.java:169) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.doLoadModule(ModuleDefLoader.java:283) at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDefLoader.loadFromClassPath(ModuleDefLoader.java:141) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.run(Compiler.java:184) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler$1.run(Compiler.java:152) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.doRun(CompileTaskRunner.java:87) at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.runWithAppropriateLogger(CompileTaskRunner.java:81) at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.main(Compiler.java:159) I have commons.validator-1.3.1.jar in war/WEB-INF/lib I am using eclipse with Google Plugin. Anyone knows how it works?

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• Google Chrome never renders fonts properly / no smoothing etc

  - by Christian Ivicevic

  A while ago I started using Chrome and no longer Firefox, however I found out something weird which maybe force me to return to Firefox if I can not fix this. I am coding a homepage and the output was in Chrome ugly, in Firefox not. I thought "ok this is maybe due to bad code"... however I found out that the same problems occurs on different sites like Facebook too. The font is not smoothed and it is not nice to read. Here is an example, although I have censored nearly everything... Bad Chrome Rendering Good Firefox Rendering You may need to open up in a new tab to see the errors in detail. Now I want to know, whether this is just Chrome trolling me or maybe something else. EDIT I tried it out under Ubuntu on my PC and it works well... seems to be an error on Windows/Chrome on Windows.

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• How to reload google dfp in ajax content? [migrated]

  - by cj333

  google dfp support ads in ajax content, but if I parse all the code in main page. it always show the same ads even turn page reload the ajax content. I read some article from http://productforums.google.com/forum/#!msg/dfp/7MxNjJk46DQ/4SAhMkh2RU4J. But my code not work. Any work code for suggestion? Thanks. Main page code: <script type='text/javascript'> $(document).ready(function(){ $('#next').live('click',function(){ var num = $(this).html(); $.ajax({ url: "album-slider.php", dataType: "html", type: 'POST', data: 'photo=' + num, success: function(data){ $("#slider").center(); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1*******/ads-728-90', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1**********-'+ num).addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); } }); }); }); </script> album-slider.php <!-- ads-728-90 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1**********-<?php echo $_GET['photo']; ?>' style='width:728px; height:90px;'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1**********-<?php echo $_GET['photo']; ?>); }); </script>

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• Why is code quality not popular?

  - by Peter Kofler

  I like my code being in order, i.e. properly formatted, readable, designed, tested, checked for bugs, etc. In fact I am fanatic about it. (Maybe even more than fanatic...) But in my experience actions helping code quality are hardly implemented. (By code quality I mean the quality of the code you produce day to day. The whole topic of software quality with development processes and such is much broader and not the scope of this question.) Code quality does not seem popular. Some examples from my experience include Probably every Java developer knows JUnit, almost all languages implement xUnit frameworks, but in all companies I know, only very few proper unit tests existed (if at all). I know that it's not always possible to write unit tests due to technical limitations or pressing deadlines, but in the cases I saw, unit testing would have been an option. If a developer wanted to write some tests for his/her new code, he/she could do so. My conclusion is that developers do not want to write tests. Static code analysis is often played around in small projects, but not really used to enforce coding conventions or find possible errors in enterprise projects. Usually even compiler warnings like potential null pointer access are ignored. Conference speakers and magazines would talk a lot about EJB3.1, OSGI, Cloud and other new technologies, but hardly about new testing technologies or tools, new static code analysis approaches (e.g. SAT solving), development processes helping to maintain higher quality, how some nasty beast of legacy code was brought under test, ... (I did not attend many conferences and it propably looks different for conferences on agile topics, as unit testing and CI and such has a higer value there.) So why is code quality so unpopular/considered boring? EDIT: Thank your for your answers. Most of them concern unit testing (and has been discussed in a related question). But there are lots of other things that can be used to keep code quality high (see related question). Even if you are not able to use unit tests, you could use a daily build, add some static code analysis to your IDE or development process, try pair programming or enforce reviews of critical code.

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• Google Chrome: JavaScript associative arrays, evaluated out of sequence

  - by Jerry

  Ok, so on a web page, I've got a JavaScript object which I'm using as an associative array. This exists statically in a script block when the page loads: var salesWeeks = { "200911" : ["11 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200910" : ["10 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200909" : ["09 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200908" : ["08 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200907" : ["07 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200906" : ["06 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200905" : ["05 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200904" : ["04 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200903" : ["03 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200902" : ["02 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200901" : ["01 / 2009", "Fiscal 2009"], "200852" : ["52 / 2008", "Fiscal 2009"], "200851" : ["51 / 2008", "Fiscal 2009"] }; The order of the key/value pairs is intentional, as I'm turning the object into an HTML select box such as this: <select id="ddl_sw" name="ddl_sw"> <option value="">== SELECT WEEK ==</option> <option value="200911">11 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200910">10 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200909">09 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200908">08 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200907">07 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200906">06 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200905">05 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200904">04 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200903">03 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200902">02 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200901">01 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200852">52 / 2008 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200851">51 / 2008 (Fiscal 2009)</option> </select> ...with code that looks like this (snipped from a function): var arr = []; arr.push( "<select id=\"ddl_sw\" name=\"ddl_sw\">" + "<option value=\"\">== SELECT WEEK ==</option>" ); for(var key in salesWeeks) { arr.push( "<option value=\"" + key + "\">" + salesWeeks[key][0] + " (" + salesWeeks[key][1] + ")" + "<\/option>" ); } arr.push("<\/select>"); return arr.join(""); This all works fine in IE, FireFox and Opera. However in Chrome, the order comes out all weird: <select id="ddl_sw" name="ddl_sw"> <option value="">== SELECT WEEK ==</option> <option value="200852">52 / 2008 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200908">08 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200906">06 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200902">02 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200907">07 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200904">04 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200909">09 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200903">03 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200905">05 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200901">01 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200910">10 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200911">11 / 2009 (Fiscal 2009)</option> <option value="200851">51 / 2008 (Fiscal 2009)</option> </select> NOTE: This order, though weird, does not change on subsequent refreshes. It's always in this order. So, what is Chrome doing? Some optimization in how it processes the loop? In the first place, am I wrong to rely on the order that the key/value pairs are declared in any associative array? I never questioned it before, I just assumed the order would hold because this technique has always worked for me in the other browsers. But I suppose I've never seen it stated anywhere that the order is guaranteed. Maybe it's not? Any insight would be awesome. Thanks.

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• Try to fill the GAE datastore but the code consumes to much cpu time. How to optimize this?

  - by Neverland

  I try to get the list of images in Amazon EC2 inside the Google datastore. I want to realize this with a cron job inside the GAE. class AmazonEC2uswest(db.Model): ami = db.StringProperty(required=True) mani = db.StringProperty() typ = db.StringProperty() arch = db.StringProperty() state = db.StringProperty() owner = db.StringProperty() class CronAMIsAmazonUS_WEST(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): aws_access_key_id_admin = "<secret>" aws_secret_access_key_admin = "<secret>" conn_us_west = boto.ec2.connect_to_region('us-west-1', aws_access_key_id=aws_access_key_id_admin, aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_access_key_admin, is_secure = False) liste_images_us_west = conn_us_west.get_all_images() laenge_liste_images_us_west = len(liste_images_us_west) for i in range(laenge_liste_images_us_west): datastore_uswest_AMIs = AmazonEC2uswest(ami=liste_images_us_west[i].id, mani=str(liste_images_us_west[i].location), typ=liste_images_us_west[i].type, arch=liste_images_us_west[i].architecture, state=liste_images_us_west[i].state, owner=liste_images_us_west[i].ownerId) datastore_uswest_AMIs.put() The problem: Getting the list with get_all_images() lasts only a few seconds. But writing the data to the Google datastore needs way too much CPU time. My IBM T42p (P4M with 2GHz) needs for that piece of code approx. 1 Minute! Is it possible to optimize my code in a way that it needs fewer CPU time?

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• Redirect network logs from syslog to another file

  - by w0rldart

  I keep logging way to much info (not needed, for now) in my syslog, and not daily or hourly... but instant. If I want to watch for something in my syslog I just can't because the network log keeps interfering. So, how can I redirect network logs to another file and/or stop logging it? Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000587] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000599] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000601] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000612] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000615] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000714] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000729] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000732] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000747] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000751] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:44 user kernel: [ 8726.904025] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003138] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003153] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003157] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003171] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003175] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004066] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004079] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004082] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004096] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004099] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004108] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004119] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004121] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004132] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004135] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.436021] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005280] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005294] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005298] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005312] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005315] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004790] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004804] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004808] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004821] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004825] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8757.984031] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004078] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004094] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004097] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004112] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004116] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:16 user kernel: [ 8759.492017] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.002179] SCANNING, suspend MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.004291] MlmeScanReqAction -- Send PSM Data frame for off channel RM, SCAN_IN_PROGRESS=1! Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.025055] SYNC - BBP R4 to 20MHz.l Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.027249] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#1(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF1, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.170206] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#2(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF1, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.318211] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#3(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF2, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.462269] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#4(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF2, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.606229] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#5(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF3, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.750202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#6(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF3, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8762.894217] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#7(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF4, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.038202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040194] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040199] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 03a3:037e Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040387] SYNC - End of SCAN, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[03] Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040400] ScanNextChannel -- Send PSM Data frame Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040402] bFastRoamingScan ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Get back to send data ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040405] SCAN done, resume MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.047022] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.047026] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 03a3:03a5 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.898130] bImprovedScan ............. Resume for bImprovedScan, SCAN_PENDING .............. Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.898143] SCANNING, suspend MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.900245] MlmeScanReqAction -- Send PSM Data frame for off channel RM, SCAN_IN_PROGRESS=1! Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.921144] SYNC - BBP R4 to 20MHz.l Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.923339] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#8(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF4, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.996019] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.066221] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#9(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF5, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.210212] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#10(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF5, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.215536] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.215542] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0457:0452 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.244000] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.244004] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0459:0456 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.253019] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.253023] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045c:0458 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.256677] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.256681] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045c:045b Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.259785] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.259788] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045d:045b Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.280467] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.280471] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045f:045c Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.282189] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.282192] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045f:045e Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.354204] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.356408] ScanNextChannel():Send PWA NullData frame to notify the associated AP! Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.498202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#12(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.642210] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#13(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=28, 2T), N=0xF7, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.790229] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#14(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=28, 2T), N=0xF8, K=0x04, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.934238] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.935243] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.935249] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 048e:0485 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936423] SYNC - End of SCAN, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[05] Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936436] ScanNextChannel -- Send PSM Data frame Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936440] SCAN done, resume MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.940529] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942178] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942182] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0493:048e Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942715] CNTL - All roaming failed, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[05] Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.948016] MMCHK - No BEACON. restore R66 to the low bound(56) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.948307] ===>rt_ioctl_giwscan. 5(5) BSS returned, data->length = 1111 Dec 10 17:02:23 user kernel: [ 8766.048073] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:23 user kernel: [ 8766.552034] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001180] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001197] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001201] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001219] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001223] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:28 user kernel: [ 8771.564020] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:29 user kernel: [ 8772.064031] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate

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• Difficulty accessing Google Search API with Flex

  - by CM

  Hi - I am trying to get the number of incoming links to a page through the Google Search API. It is not working (just returning Null) Here is the code <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <mx:Application xmlns:mx="http://www.adobe.com/2006/mxml" layout="absolute" creationComplete="init();" width="320" height="480" backgroundGradientColors="115115" backgroundGradientAlphas=".2" backgroundAlpha=".2" dropShadowEnabled="false"> <mx:Script> <![CDATA[ // // Author: Wayne IV Mike // Project: JSwoof - The Flex JSON library. // Description: Formated JSON loaded from txt file. // Date: 31st March 2009. // Contact: [email protected] , [email protected] // import json.*; import mx.controls.Alert; public function loadFile4(urlLink:String):void { var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest(urlLink); var urlLoad:URLLoader = new URLLoader(); urlLoad.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, fileLoaded4); urlLoad.load(request); } private function fileLoaded4(event:Event):void { var jObj:Object = JParser.decode(event.target.data); //Decode JSON from text file here. var jStr:String = JParser.encode(jObj); if(jStr != null && jStr != "") { var LinkTemp:String = jObj.estimatedResultCount; txtLinks.text = "Google Links " + LinkTemp; trace(event.target.data); } } /********************************************************************/ private function LinkLookup():void { loadFile4("http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/services/search/web?v=1.0&q=link:twitter.com/" + NameSearch.text); } ]]> </mx:Script> <mx:TextInput x="17" y="86" id="NameSearch" text="cnnbrk" width="229" height="30" fontSize="16" fontWeight="bold" cornerRadius="10" shadowDirection="center" shadowDistance="5"/> <mx:Button x="253" y="85" label="Find" id="GoSearch" click="LinkLookup()" height="31"/> <mx:Label text="Links" id="txtLinks" width="233" textAlign="left" color="#FFFFFF" fontSize="14" height="21"/> </mx:Application> Sorry for the ugly format. I added a trace(event.target.data); and updated the code above. This is the result - [SWF] C:/Documents and Settings/Robert/My Documents/Flex Builder 3/.metadata/.plugins/com.adobe.flash.profiler/ProfilerAgent.swf - 17,508 bytes after decompression [SWF] C:\Documents and Settings\Robert\My Documents\Flex Builder 3\Formated\bin-debug\Formated.swf - 781,950 bytes after decompression [Unload SWF] C:/Documents and Settings/Robert/My Documents/Flex Builder 3/.metadata/.plugins/com.adobe.flash.profiler/ProfilerAgent.swf {"responseData": {"results":[{"GsearchResultClass":"GwebSearch","unescapedUrl":"http://twitter.com/britishredneck","url":"http://twitter.com/britishredneck","visibleUrl":"twitter.com","cacheUrl":"http://www.google.com/search?q\u003dcache:4pQXnMQCZA4J:twitter.com","title":"Martyn Jones (BritishRedneck) on Twitter","titleNoFormatting":"Martyn Jones (BritishRedneck) on Twitter","content":"Finally found a free and simple way to expand my reach on Twitter. A nice 20 second process. http://tpq.me/5gbrg #twpq 3:13 PM Jul 18th, 2009 from API \u003cb\u003e...\u003c/b\u003e"},{"GsearchResultClass":"GwebSearch","unescapedUrl":"http://twitter.com/dshlian/favorites","url":"http://twitter.com/dshlian/favorites","visibleUrl":"twitter.com","cacheUrl":"http://www.google.com/search?q\u003dcache:79qm5Pz7O5QJ:twitter.com","title":"Twitter","titleNoFormatting":"Twitter","content":"Twitter is without a doubt the best way to share and discover what is happening right now."},{"GsearchResultClass":"GwebSearch","unescapedUrl":"http://twitter.com/rosannepeterson","url":"http://twitter.com/rosannepeterson","visibleUrl":"twitter.com","cacheUrl":"http://www.google.com/search?q\u003dcache:q11IcnW9l30J:twitter.com","title":"Rosanne Peterson (rosannepeterson) on Twitter","titleNoFormatting":"Rosanne Peterson (rosannepeterson) on Twitter","content":"Tx.All is well. Looking forward to the holday. Perhaps after will be time for certification! 8:14 AM Dec 23rd, 2009 from txt; I am also reading \u0026quot;How I \u003cb\u003e...\u003c/b\u003e"},{"GsearchResultClass":"GwebSearch","unescapedUrl":"http://twitter.com/MRSalesTraining","url":"http://twitter.com/MRSalesTraining","visibleUrl":"twitter.com","cacheUrl":"http://www.google.com/search?q\u003dcache:uBNGhud0vfEJ:twitter.com","title":"Medrep (MRSalesTraining) on Twitter","titleNoFormatting":"Medrep (MRSalesTraining) on Twitter","content":"Working away on Cardiovascular Medicine Module - heavy stuff for a Sunday evening!! 11:09 AM Nov 8th, 2009 from web; Today\u0026#39;s Student is tomorrow\u0026#39;s Medical \u003cb\u003e...\u003c/b\u003e"}],"cursor":{"pages":[{"start":"0","label":1},{"start":"4","label":2},{"start":"8","label":3},{"start":"12","label":4},{"start":"16","label":5},{"start":"20","label":6},{"start":"24","label":7},{"start":"28","label":8}],"estimatedResultCount":"64","currentPageIndex":0,"moreResultsUrl":"http://www.google.com/search?oe\u003dutf8\u0026ie\u003dutf8\u0026source\u003duds\u0026start\u003d0\u0026hl\u003den\u0026q\u003dlink%3Atwitter.com%2Fgenericmedlist"}}, "responseDetails": null, "responseStatus": 200} So the data return from the query is correct, and the difficulty lies in accessing the "estimatedResultCount" near the end of the JSON data. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Inheritance Mapping Strategies with Entity Framework Code First CTP5: Part 3 – Table per Concrete Type (TPC) and Choosing Strategy Guidelines

  - by mortezam

  This is the third (and last) post in a series that explains different approaches to map an inheritance hierarchy with EF Code First. I've described these strategies in previous posts: Part 1 – Table per Hierarchy (TPH) Part 2 – Table per Type (TPT)In today’s blog post I am going to discuss Table per Concrete Type (TPC) which completes the inheritance mapping strategies supported by EF Code First. At the end of this post I will provide some guidelines to choose an inheritance strategy mainly based on what we've learned in this series. TPC and Entity Framework in the Past Table per Concrete type is somehow the simplest approach suggested, yet using TPC with EF is one of those concepts that has not been covered very well so far and I've seen in some resources that it was even discouraged. The reason for that is just because Entity Data Model Designer in VS2010 doesn't support TPC (even though the EF runtime does). That basically means if you are following EF's Database-First or Model-First approaches then configuring TPC requires manually writing XML in the EDMX file which is not considered to be a fun practice. Well, no more. You'll see that with Code First, creating TPC is perfectly possible with fluent API just like other strategies and you don't need to avoid TPC due to the lack of designer support as you would probably do in other EF approaches. Table per Concrete Type (TPC)In Table per Concrete type (aka Table per Concrete class) we use exactly one table for each (nonabstract) class. All properties of a class, including inherited properties, can be mapped to columns of this table, as shown in the following figure: As you can see, the SQL schema is not aware of the inheritance; effectively, we’ve mapped two unrelated tables to a more expressive class structure. If the base class was concrete, then an additional table would be needed to hold instances of that class. I have to emphasize that there is no relationship between the database tables, except for the fact that they share some similar columns. TPC Implementation in Code First Just like the TPT implementation, we need to specify a separate table for each of the subclasses. We also need to tell Code First that we want all of the inherited properties to be mapped as part of this table. In CTP5, there is a new helper method on EntityMappingConfiguration class called MapInheritedProperties that exactly does this for us. Here is the complete object model as well as the fluent API to create a TPC mapping: public abstract class BillingDetail {     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }     public string Number { get; set; } }          public class BankAccount : BillingDetail {     public string BankName { get; set; }     public string Swift { get; set; } }          public class CreditCard : BillingDetail {     public int CardType { get; set; }     public string ExpiryMonth { get; set; }     public string ExpiryYear { get; set; } }      public class InheritanceMappingContext : DbContext {     public DbSet<BillingDetail> BillingDetails { get; set; }              protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)     {         modelBuilder.Entity<BankAccount>().Map(m =>         {             m.MapInheritedProperties();             m.ToTable("BankAccounts");         });         modelBuilder.Entity<CreditCard>().Map(m =>         {             m.MapInheritedProperties();             m.ToTable("CreditCards");         });                 } } The Importance of EntityMappingConfiguration ClassAs a side note, it worth mentioning that EntityMappingConfiguration class turns out to be a key type for inheritance mapping in Code First. Here is an snapshot of this class: namespace System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.Configuration.Mapping {     public class EntityMappingConfiguration<TEntityType> where TEntityType : class     {         public ValueConditionConfiguration Requires(string discriminator);         public void ToTable(string tableName);         public void MapInheritedProperties();     } } As you have seen so far, we used its Requires method to customize TPH. We also used its ToTable method to create a TPT and now we are using its MapInheritedProperties along with ToTable method to create our TPC mapping. TPC Configuration is Not Done Yet!We are not quite done with our TPC configuration and there is more into this story even though the fluent API we saw perfectly created a TPC mapping for us in the database. To see why, let's start working with our object model. For example, the following code creates two new objects of BankAccount and CreditCard types and tries to add them to the database: using (var context = new InheritanceMappingContext()) {     BankAccount bankAccount = new BankAccount();     CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard() { CardType = 1 };                      context.BillingDetails.Add(bankAccount);     context.BillingDetails.Add(creditCard);     context.SaveChanges(); } Running this code throws an InvalidOperationException with this message: The changes to the database were committed successfully, but an error occurred while updating the object context. The ObjectContext might be in an inconsistent state. Inner exception message: AcceptChanges cannot continue because the object's key values conflict with another object in the ObjectStateManager. Make sure that the key values are unique before calling AcceptChanges. The reason we got this exception is because DbContext.SaveChanges() internally invokes SaveChanges method of its internal ObjectContext. ObjectContext's SaveChanges method on its turn by default calls AcceptAllChanges after it has performed the database modifications. AcceptAllChanges method merely iterates over all entries in ObjectStateManager and invokes AcceptChanges on each of them. Since the entities are in Added state, AcceptChanges method replaces their temporary EntityKey with a regular EntityKey based on the primary key values (i.e. BillingDetailId) that come back from the database and that's where the problem occurs since both the entities have been assigned the same value for their primary key by the database (i.e. on both BillingDetailId = 1) and the problem is that ObjectStateManager cannot track objects of the same type (i.e. BillingDetail) with the same EntityKey value hence it throws. If you take a closer look at the TPC's SQL schema above, you'll see why the database generated the same values for the primary keys: the BillingDetailId column in both BankAccounts and CreditCards table has been marked as identity. How to Solve The Identity Problem in TPC As you saw, using SQL Server’s int identity columns doesn't work very well together with TPC since there will be duplicate entity keys when inserting in subclasses tables with all having the same identity seed. Therefore, to solve this, either a spread seed (where each table has its own initial seed value) will be needed, or a mechanism other than SQL Server’s int identity should be used. Some other RDBMSes have other mechanisms allowing a sequence (identity) to be shared by multiple tables, and something similar can be achieved with GUID keys in SQL Server. While using GUID keys, or int identity keys with different starting seeds will solve the problem but yet another solution would be to completely switch off identity on the primary key property. As a result, we need to take the responsibility of providing unique keys when inserting records to the database. We will go with this solution since it works regardless of which database engine is used. Switching Off Identity in Code First We can switch off identity simply by placing DatabaseGenerated attribute on the primary key property and pass DatabaseGenerationOption.None to its constructor. DatabaseGenerated attribute is a new data annotation which has been added to System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace in CTP5: public abstract class BillingDetail {     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGenerationOption.None)]     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }     public string Number { get; set; } } As always, we can achieve the same result by using fluent API, if you prefer that: modelBuilder.Entity<BillingDetail>()             .Property(p => p.BillingDetailId)             .HasDatabaseGenerationOption(DatabaseGenerationOption.None); Working With The Object Model Our TPC mapping is ready and we can try adding new records to the database. But, like I said, now we need to take care of providing unique keys when creating new objects: using (var context = new InheritanceMappingContext()) {     BankAccount bankAccount = new BankAccount()      {          BillingDetailId = 1                          };     CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard()      {          BillingDetailId = 2,         CardType = 1     };                      context.BillingDetails.Add(bankAccount);     context.BillingDetails.Add(creditCard);     context.SaveChanges(); } Polymorphic Associations with TPC is Problematic The main problem with this approach is that it doesn’t support Polymorphic Associations very well. After all, in the database, associations are represented as foreign key relationships and in TPC, the subclasses are all mapped to different tables so a polymorphic association to their base class (abstract BillingDetail in our example) cannot be represented as a simple foreign key relationship. For example, consider the the domain model we introduced here where User has a polymorphic association with BillingDetail. This would be problematic in our TPC Schema, because if User has a many-to-one relationship with BillingDetail, the Users table would need a single foreign key column, which would have to refer both concrete subclass tables. This isn’t possible with regular foreign key constraints. Schema Evolution with TPC is Complex A further conceptual problem with this mapping strategy is that several different columns, of different tables, share exactly the same semantics. This makes schema evolution more complex. For example, a change to a base class property results in changes to multiple columns. It also makes it much more difficult to implement database integrity constraints that apply to all subclasses. Generated SQLLet's examine SQL output for polymorphic queries in TPC mapping. For example, consider this polymorphic query for all BillingDetails and the resulting SQL statements that being executed in the database: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails select b; Just like the SQL query generated by TPT mapping, the CASE statements that you see in the beginning of the query is merely to ensure columns that are irrelevant for a particular row have NULL values in the returning flattened table. (e.g. BankName for a row that represents a CreditCard type). TPC's SQL Queries are Union Based As you can see in the above screenshot, the first SELECT uses a FROM-clause subquery (which is selected with a red rectangle) to retrieve all instances of BillingDetails from all concrete class tables. The tables are combined with a UNION operator, and a literal (in this case, 0 and 1) is inserted into the intermediate result; (look at the lines highlighted in yellow.) EF reads this to instantiate the correct class given the data from a particular row. A union requires that the queries that are combined, project over the same columns; hence, EF has to pad and fill up nonexistent columns with NULL. This query will really perform well since here we can let the database optimizer find the best execution plan to combine rows from several tables. There is also no Joins involved so it has a better performance than the SQL queries generated by TPT where a Join is required between the base and subclasses tables. Choosing Strategy GuidelinesBefore we get into this discussion, I want to emphasize that there is no one single "best strategy fits all scenarios" exists. As you saw, each of the approaches have their own advantages and drawbacks. Here are some rules of thumb to identify the best strategy in a particular scenario: If you don’t require polymorphic associations or queries, lean toward TPC—in other words, if you never or rarely query for BillingDetails and you have no class that has an association to BillingDetail base class. I recommend TPC (only) for the top level of your class hierarchy, where polymorphism isn’t usually required, and when modification of the base class in the future is unlikely. If you do require polymorphic associations or queries, and subclasses declare relatively few properties (particularly if the main difference between subclasses is in their behavior), lean toward TPH. Your goal is to minimize the number of nullable columns and to convince yourself (and your DBA) that a denormalized schema won’t create problems in the long run. If you do require polymorphic associations or queries, and subclasses declare many properties (subclasses differ mainly by the data they hold), lean toward TPT. Or, depending on the width and depth of your inheritance hierarchy and the possible cost of joins versus unions, use TPC. By default, choose TPH only for simple problems. For more complex cases (or when you’re overruled by a data modeler insisting on the importance of nullability constraints and normalization), you should consider the TPT strategy. But at that point, ask yourself whether it may not be better to remodel inheritance as delegation in the object model (delegation is a way of making composition as powerful for reuse as inheritance). Complex inheritance is often best avoided for all sorts of reasons unrelated to persistence or ORM. EF acts as a buffer between the domain and relational models, but that doesn’t mean you can ignore persistence concerns when designing your classes. SummaryIn this series, we focused on one of the main structural aspect of the object/relational paradigm mismatch which is inheritance and discussed how EF solve this problem as an ORM solution. We learned about the three well-known inheritance mapping strategies and their implementations in EF Code First. Hopefully it gives you a better insight about the mapping of inheritance hierarchies as well as choosing the best strategy for your particular scenario. Happy New Year and Happy Code-Firsting! References ADO.NET team blog Java Persistence with Hibernate book a { color: #5A99FF; } a:visited { color: #5A99FF; } .title { padding-bottom: 5px; font-family: Segoe UI; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 15px; } .code, .typeName { font-family: consolas; } .typeName { color: #2b91af; } .padTop5 { padding-top: 5px; } .padTop10 { padding-top: 10px; } .exception { background-color: #f0f0f0; font-style: italic; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; }

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