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• Single developer, project organization

  - by poke

  I am looking for a good (and free) way to organize some of my personal projects. I am saying "organize" because I'm not sure, if the standard project management software solutions are exactly what I am looking for and especially something what I, as a single developer, need. In general, I just want to keep my progress of my projects organized in some way. I would like to be able to keep track of milestones and split those into multiple smaller tasks, so I can keep track of my progress. So some task/issue based system would probably be good, especially as I also want to keep track of issues/bugs with specific versions (although I alone will create those issues). I am and will be the only developer on those projects, so it doesn't matter if the software is offline or online, and I also don't need any collaboration features (like commenting on things, or assigning tasks to other developers etc). But if there is a good software that fits my needs, and in addition it has those things, I don't really care. After all it's easy enough to not use available features. Many online solutions also offer integrated code hosting. I am using git internally, but I don't plan to push any of the code, so such a feature is not needed either. In case of online solutions however I would like the projects to be closed to the public (some of the online utilities only offer open source projects for free and require payments for private projects). I have looked at some project management solutions already, I also read some similar questions here on SO. But given that I'm a single developer, my focus is probably a bit different as when others ask for a huge distributed software that supports many developers and different collaboration features. Some standard answers such as Trac (which also only supports one project), Redmine and FogBUGZ look interesting, but are a bit off my interest (although you may change my mind on that :P). Currently, I'm looking at Indefero which doesn't look too bad. But what do you think?

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• Has form post behavior changed in modern browsers? (or How are double clicks handled by the browser)

  - by Alex Czarto

  Background: We are in the process of writing a registration/payment page, and our philosophy was to code all validation and error checking on the server side first, and then add client side validation as a second step (un-obstructive jQuery). We wanted to disable double clicks server side, so we wrote some locking, thread-safe code to handle simultaneous posts/race conditions. When we tried to test this, we realized that we could not cause a simultaneous post or race condition to occur. I thought that (in older browsers anyway) double clicking a submit button worked as follows: User double clicks submit button. Browser sends a post on the first click On the second click, browser cancels/ignores initial post, and initiates a second post (before the first post has returned with a response). Browser waits for second post to return, ignoring initial post response. I thought that from the server side it looked like this: Server gets two simultaneous post requests, executes and responds to them both (unaware that no one is listening to the first response). From our testing (FireFox 3.0, IE 8.0) this is what actually happens: User double clicks submit button Browser sends a post for the first click Browser queues up second click, but waits for the response from the first click. Response returns from first click (response is ignored?). Browser sends a post for the second click. So from a server side: Server receives a single post which it executes and responds to. Then, server receives a second request wich it executes and responds to. My question is, has this always worked this way (and I'm losing my mind)? Or is this a new feature in modern browsers that prevents simultaneous posts to be sent to the server? It seems that for server side double click prevention, we don't have to worry about simultaneous posts or race conditions. Only need to worry about queued up posts. Thanks in advance for any feedback / comments. Alex

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• How to use reflection to call a method and pass parameters whose types are unknown at compile time?

  - by MandoMando

  I'd like to call methods of a class dynamically with parameter values that are "parsed" from a string input. For example: I'd like to call the following program with these commands: c:myprog.exe MethodA System.Int32 777 c:myprog.exe MethodA System.float 23.17 c:myprog.exe MethodB System.Int32& 777 c:myprog.exe MethodC System.Int32 777 System.String ThisCanBeDone static void Main(string[] args) { ClassA aa = new ClassA(); System.Type[] types = new Type[args.Length / 2]; object[] ParamArray = new object[types.Length]; for (int i=0; i < types.Length; i++) { types[i] = System.Type.GetType(args[i*2 + 1]); // LINE_X: this will obviously cause runtime error invalid type/casting ParamArray[i] = args[i*2 + 2]; MethodInfo callInfo = aa.GetType().GetMethod(args[0],types); callInfo.Invoke(aa, ParamArray); } // In a non-changeable classlib: public class ClassA { public void MethodA(int i) { Console.Write(i.ToString()); } public void MethodA(float f) { Console.Write(f.ToString()); } public void MethodB(ref int i) { Console.Write(i.ToString()); i++; } public void MethodC(int i, string s) { Console.Write(s + i.ToString()); } public void MethodA(object o) { Console.Write("Argg! Type Trapped!"); } } "LINE_X" in the above code is the sticky part. For one, I have no idea how to assign value to a int or a ref int parameter even after I create it using Activator.CreatInstance or something else. The typeConverter does come to mind, but then that requires an explicit compile type casting as well. Am I looking at CLR with JavaScript glasses or there is way to do this?

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• Use AJAX to reload captcha

  - by arik-so

  Hello! This question may have been asked already - but unfortunately, I could not find any satisfactory answers. I will just ask it for my concrete case and ask the admins not to delete the question for at least a few days so I can try it out... I have a page. It uses a captcha. Like so: <?php session_start(); // the captcha saves the md5 into the session ?> <img src="captcha.php" onclick="this.src = this.src" /> That was my first code. It did not work, because the browser condsidered it useless to reload an image if the source is the same. My current solution is to pass a get parameter: onclick="this.src = 'captcha.php?randomNumber='+ranNum" The JavaScript variable var ranNum is generated randomly every time the onclick event fires. It works fine, still, I don't like the possibility, if the - though improbable - case of two numbers being the same twice in a row. Although the random number varies between -50,000 and 50,000 - I still do not like it. And I don't think the method is right. I would like to know the 'righter' method, by means of AJAX. I know it's possible. I hope you know how it's possible ^^ In that case, please show me. Thanks in advance! By the way - if I spell cap(t)cha differently, never mind, the reference to the PHP file is right in my code: I use randomImage.php

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• How to intercept, parse and compile?

  - by epitka

  This is a problem I've been struggling to solve for a while. I need a way to either replace code in the method with a parsed code from the template at compile time (PostSharp comes to mind) or to create a dynamic proxy (Linfu or Castle). So given a source code like this [Template] private string GetSomething() { var template = [%=Customer.Name%] } I need it to be compiled into this private string GetSomething() { MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream(); StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(mStream,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); writer.Write(@"" ); writer.Write(Customer.Name); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(mStream); writer.Flush(); mStream.Position = 0; return sr.ReadToEnd(); } It is not important what technology is used. I tried with PostSharp's ImplementMethodAspect but got nowhere (due to lack of experience with it). I also looked into Linfu framework. Can somebody suggest some other approach or way to do this, I would really appreciate. My whole project depends on this.

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• Working with a database

  - by Susan

  I have an existing program for a bank account, the user can create an account then withdraw or deposit money to the account. As a transaction is processed, labels are being used to show the current information such as (Beginning Balance, Transaction Fee, Withdrawal Amount, and Ending Balance). Now, I need to be able to keep track of the transactions being processed in a SQL database. I know how to add a database to the project and then set it up to display all of the data from the table in a gridview. This is assuming that I manually entered data into the table; however, the table should be blank when the program starts and as I process transactions, then the data should be written to the table. How do I bind my existing fields (labels) to a datatable and send the text to the table. The book that I have is all related to just displaying the data that is already in the table and I have been through a couple of tutorial online and they seem to be about the same subject. I haven't found anything on how to do what I am looking for. Can someone help me out here. I don't mind references to other websites that might have the answer. Thanks, Susan

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• Handling data update/freshness issue in web-app in general (or GWT specifically)

  - by edwin.nathaniel

  In general, how do you guys handle user update/data freshness interaction with the user (UI issue) in web-apps? For example: Multi-users web-app (like project management) Login to a "virtual" space People can update project names, etc How to handle a situation such that: user-A and user-B load a project with title "Project StackOverflow" user-B updates the title to "Project StackExchange" user-A updates the title after user-B update operation to "Project Basecamp" The question I'm asking is from the user perspective (UI) and not about transactional operation. What do most people do in this situation? What would you do after user-B updates the title in user-A screen/view? What happened when user-A tries to update the title after user-B finished his/her update operation? do you inform user-A that the title has changed and he/she has to reload the page? do you go ahead and change the title and let user-B has old data? Do you do some sort of application-level "locking" mechanism? (if someone is updating, nobody else can?) Or fix the application workflow? (who has the access to be able to change things, etc). What would be the simplest solution, but at the same time not annoy the user with more dialog/warning messages. I've encountered this particular problem frequently in a GWT app specifically where domain models are being passed around and refreshing the whole app/client-side isn't the optimal solution in my mind (since it means the whole "loading"/initialization phase must be executed again in this specific environment). Maybe the answer is to stay away from GWT? :) Love to hear options, solutions, and advises from you guys. Thanks

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• Making Javascript and HTML5 games

  - by Jeff Meatball Yang

  A long time ago (Netscape 4-era), I wrote Javascript-based games: Pong, Minesweeper, and John Conway's Life among them. I'm getting back into it, and want to get my hands even dirtier. I have a few games in mind: Axis & Allies clone, with rugged maps and complex rules. Tetris clone, possibly with real-time player-vs-player or player-vs-computer mode Breakout clone, with a couple weapons and particle velocities In all of these, I have only a few objectives: Use JavaScript and HTML 5 - it should run on Chrome, Safari, or maybe an iPad. Start small and simple, then build-up features. Learn something new about game design and implementation. So my questions are: How would you implement these games? Do you have any technology recommendations? If you've written these games, what was the hardest part? N.B. I also want to start from first-principles - if you recommend a framework/library, I would appreciate some theory or implementation details behind it. These games are different enough that I should learn something new from each one.

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• What java web application framework to use?

  - by frohiky

  One of the main products of my company is an Oracle Forms (and Reports) based application, that "needs" to be re-written in another technology. Why? Users want a more rich interface experience, and we want, preferably, to reduce costs with an open source application server. For this (HUGE) project, we intend to use a java web application framework, keep these points in mind: We have: hundreds of tables on our database (the ORM must be as flexible as possible); some logic which is (and will still be) based on PL/SQL procedures/functions/packages; a lot of CRUDs (the application itself is of an considerable size); a demand to work with/generate documents and workflows; an intranet based user environment; We want: to offer a RIA interface experience; use (if possible) an open source app server; a rapid (as possible) development framework; a somewhat mature framework with a "wise" roadmap (and a considerable community support); a MVC approach combined with JS or GWT widgets (e.g. Vaadin or SmartGWT); Well, in the past weeks I've read a lot of posts, Q&As on stackoverflow, and much more: Wicket, JSF, Tapestry, Grails, GWT, Struts2, Play, Spring, Seam, Echo, .... the list goes on! I've even researched about Alfresco..! The obvious question: Which one to use? At this time, any insight, recommendation, shared experience, advice will be more then welcome!

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• ASP.NET auto-generate aspx.designer.cs turn off?

  - by Joris

  Hey all, As I'm working on a asp.net/c# project, I'm confronted with the foobar.aspx.designer.cs that auto generates it's content. eg, when I'm changing the code/designer, the designer.cs automatically updates it's content. As I'm bit of a control-dude, I'd like to maintain the code myself. I'm not happy with the overkill of comments I don't need. Like: /// <summary> /// Form1 control. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// Auto-generated field. /// To modify move field declaration from designer file to code-behind file. /// </remarks> protected global::System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlForm Form1; While I'd like to see the following: protected global::System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlForm Form1; protected global::System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button Button3; etc, etc (don't mind the naming, ofcourse I'd give it some distinguishing nameing) How to fix this? I checked google on this one, but couldn't find an answer so quickly...

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• How to take advantage of an auto-property when refactoring this .Net 1.1 sample?

  - by Hamish Grubijan

  I see a lot of legacy .Net 1.1-style code at work like in example below, which I would like to shrink with the help of an auto-property. This will help many classes shrink by 30-40%, which I think would be good. public int MyIntThingy { get { return _myIntThingy; } set { _myIntThingy = value; } } private int _myIntThingy = -1; This would become: public int MyIntThingy { get; set; } And the only question is - where do I set MyIntThingy = -1;? If I wrote the class from the start, then I would have a better idea, but I did not. An obvious answer would be: put it in the constructor. Trouble is: there are many constructors in this class. Watching the initialization to -1 in the debugger, I see it happen (I believe) before the constructor gets called. It is almost as if I need to use a static constructor as described here: http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/cupadhyay/staticconstructors11092005061428am/staticconstructors.aspx except that my variables are not static. Java's static initializer comes to mind, but again - my variables are not static. http://www.glenmccl.com/tip_003.htm I want to make stylistic but not functional changes to this class. As crappy as it is, it has been tested and working for a few years now. breaking the functionality would be bad. So ... I am looking for shorter, sweeter, cuter, and yet EQUIVALENT code. Let me know if you have questions.

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• 'Forward-Compatible' Program Design

  - by Jeffrey Kern

  The majority of my questions I've asked here so far on StackOverflow have been how to implement individual concepts and techniques towards developing a software-based NES clone via the XNA environment. The small samples that I've thrown together on my PC work relatively great and everything. Except I hit a brick wall. How do I merge all of these samples together. Having proof-of-concept is amazing, except when you need it to go beyond just that. I now have samples strewn about that I'm trying to merge, some of them incomplete. And now I'm stuck with the chicken-and-the-egg situation of where I would like to incorporate these samples together, to make sure they work, but I cannot without test data. And I don't have tools to create test data, because they'd need to be based off of the individual pieces that need to be put together. In my mind, I'm having nightmares with circular reference. For my sample data, I am hoping to save it in XML and write a specification - and then make sample data by hand - but I'm too paranoid of manually creating an XML file full of incorrect data and blaming it on my code, or vice-versa. It doesn't help that the end-result of my work is graphic-oriented, which makes it interseting how a graphic on the screen can be visualized in XML Nodes. I guess, my question is this: What design patterns and disciplines exist in the coding world that address this type of concern? I've always relied on brute-force coding and restarting a project with a whole new code base in attempts to further along my goals, but I doubt that would be the best way to do so. Within my college career, the majority of my programming was to work on simple projects that came out of a book, or with a given correct data set and a verifyable result. I don't have that, as my own design documents that I am going by could be terribly wrong.

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• Replacing accented/umlauted characters with their unadorned counterparts in C# [closed]

  - by Andrew Rollings

  Duplicate of 249087 I have a bunch of user generated addresses that may contain characters with diacritic marks. What is the most effective (i.e. generic) way (apart from a straightforward replace) to automatically convert any such characters to their closest English equivalent? E.g. any of àâãäå would become a æ would become the two separate letters ae ç would become c any of èéêë would become e etc. for all possible letter variations (preferably without having to find and encode lookups for each diacritic form of the letter). (Note: I have to pass these addresses on to third party software that is incapable of printing anything other than English characters. I'd rather the software was capable of handling them, but I have no control over that.) EDIT: Never mind... Found the answer [here][2]. It showed up in the "Related" section to the right of the question after I posted, but not in my prior search or as a pre-post suggestion. Hmm. I added the 'diacritics' tag to the other question in any case. EDIT 2: Jeez! Who voted this -1 after I closed it?

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• special debugging lines (java)

  - by David

  Recently i've found myself writing a lot of methods with what i can only think to call debugging scaffolding. Here's an example: public static void printArray (String[] array, boolean bug) { for (int i = 0; i<array.lenght; i++) { if (bug) System.out.print (i) ; //this line is what i'm calling the debugging scaffolding i guess. System.out.println(array[i]) ; } } in this method if i set bug to true, wherever its being called from maybe by some kind of user imput, then i get the special debugging text to let me know what index the string being printed as at just in case i needed to know for the sake of my debugging (pretend a state of affairs exists where its helpful). All of my questions more or less boil down to the question: is this a good idea? but with a tad bit more objectivity: Is this an effective way to test my methods and debug them? i mean effective in terms of efficiency and not messing up my code. Is it acceptable to leave the if (bug) stuff ; code in place after i've got my method up and working? (if a definition of "acceptability" is needed to make this question objective then use "is not a matter of programing controversy such as ommiting brackets in an if(boolean) with only one line after it, though if you've got something better go ahead and use your definition i won't mind) Is there a more effective way to accomplish the gole of making debugging easier than what i'm doing? Anything you know i mean to ask but that i have forgotten too (as much information as makes sense is appreciated).

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• Django + Virtualenv: manage.py commands fail with ImportError of project name.

  - by Bartek

  This is blowing my mind because it's probably an easy solution, but I can't figure out what could be causing this. So I have a new dev box and am setting everything up. I installed virtualenv, created a new environment for my project under ~/.virtualenvs/projectname Then, I cloned my project from github into my projects directory. Nothing fancy here. There are no .pyc files sitting around so it's a clean slate of code. Then, I activated my virtualenv and installed Django via pip. All looks good so far. Then, I run python manage.py syncdb within my project dir. This is where I get confused: ImportError: No module named projectname So I figured I may have had some references of projectname within my code. So I grep (ack, actually) through my code base and I find nothing of the sorts. So now I'm at a loss, given this environment why am I getting an ImportError on a module named projectname that isn't referenced anywhere in my code? I look forward to a solution .. thanks guys!

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• Entity Framework and differences between Contains between SQL and objects using ToLower

  - by John Ptacek

  I have run into an "issue" I am not quite sure I understand with Entity Framework. I am using Entity Framework 4 and have tried to utilize a TDD approach. As a result, I recently implemented a search feature using a Repository pattern. For my test project, I am implementing my repository interface and have a set of "fake" object data I am using for test purposes. I ran into an issue trying to get the Contains clause to work for case invariant search. My code snippet for both my test and the repository class used against the database is as follows: if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Description)) { items = items.Where(r => r.Description.ToLower().Contains(Description.ToLower())); } However, when I ran my test cases the results where not populated if my case did not match the underlying data. I tried looking into what I thought was an issue for a while. To clear my mind, I went for a run and wondered if the same code with EF would work against a SQL back end database, since SQL will explicitly support the like command and it executed as I expected, using the same logic. I understand why EF against the database back end supports the Contains clause. However, I was surprised that my unit tests did not. Any ideas why other than the SQL server support of the like clause when I use objects I populate in a collection instead of against the database server? Thanks! John

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• Google Calendar like interface

  - by John Virgolino

  I need to write an application that essentially functions like a week-view of a calendar, columns for the days and then rows for appointments. Where the height of the appointment box visually represents time. In my case, I just don't want the time of day as the vertical axis, I just want hours or mins. The Google AJAX approach is very clean and easy to use and would be perfect, I think, but my major knowledge comes in ASP.Net and Windows Forms (.Net). I don't want to reinvent the wheel, but I find my mind is stuck on this problem and that I would have to create an interface from scratch for this. I have checked out the Infragistics product (used it for other projects) and read up a lot on the Google API's including their Ajax toolkit. I haven't done Java, however learning a language is not my issue, it's learning the particulars that will help me reach my goal that I feel will take most of the time. Am I making a mountain out of a mole hill? Is this really a lot easier than I think? This is starting to sound like a Dear Abby post - I'll stop now. Any advice or insight would be great! Thanks all!

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• Can I cross compile with gcc for an old version of a Linux distro on my Ubuntu 9.10?

  - by Johan

  Hi, I have some old hardware with an old version of say SuSE linux running on it. Now I have this fancy development machine running Ubuntu 9.10. Some of the tools I use to compile my C app (written in Python 2.6.x) are not available on the old SuSe box. So... is it possible to compile for that old machine on my dev box? I have the following steps in mind, but would like to cross-check before venturing off into this quest: 1. Find out which static/shared libs my app needs and find/build target version of them 2. Also find the corresponding header files 3. Feed the correct flags to gcc to use the target headers and libraries 4. Feed the correct flags to gcc to use the correct architecture (i386/i686), or do I need a cross-compilation toolchain. 5. Compile, upload and enjoy ;-) I regularly use avr-gcc and cc65, both are cross compiling. I know that you set up a coss compiler for developing something like a gumstix, so it should be possible to do the same for old/other Linux distros, not? C

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• Schema-less design guidelines for Google App Engine Datastore and other NoSQL DBs

  - by jamesaharvey

  Coming from a relational database background, as I'm sure many others are, I'm looking for some solid guidelines for setting up / designing my datastore on Google App Engine. Are there any good rules of thumb people have for setting up these kinds of schema-less data stores? I understand some of the basics such as denormalizing since you can't do joins, but I was wondering what other recommendations people had. The particular simple example I am working with concerns storing searches and their results. For example I have the following 2 models defined in my Google App Engine app using Python: class Search(db.Model): who = db.StringProperty() what = db.StringProperty() where = db.StringProperty() createDate = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) class SearchResult(db.Model): title = db.StringProperty() content = db.StringProperty() who = db.StringProperty() what = db.StringProperty() where = db.StringProperty() createDate = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) I'm duplicating a bunch of properties between the models for the sake of denormalization since I can't join Search and SearchResult together. Does this make sense? Or should I store a search ID in the SearchResult model and effectively 'join' the 2 models in code when I retrieve them from the datastore? Please keep in mind that this is a simple example. Both models will have a lot more properties and the way I'm approaching this right now, I would put any property I put in the Search model in the SearchResult model as well.

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• PHP programmer wanting to learn Flash game development

  - by grokker

  Hi! I'm currently a PHP programmer and one of my childhood dreams is to create a game. A game to show my friends or my children when the time comes :) The problem is I don't know Flash. I'm not great at drawing stuff or even artistic. I could program a little with Javascript and I could consider myself intermediate with jQuery. So my question is, how do I get started? What books do I read first? What's the steps that I should take on this journey? Thank you SO friends. I hope you all could help me create something I could be proud of :) P.S. I'm just assuming that Flash is the easiest way to create and show to other people my game. Anyway I'm very open for other suggestions! My game in mind is a side scroller about an indiana jones type of character and the setting is on the jungle with trees and snakes and a lot of animals!

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• Efficient Clojure workflow?

  - by Alex B

  I am developing a pet project with Clojure, but wonder if I can speed up my workflow a bit. My current workflow (with Compojure) is: Start Swank with lein swank. Go to Emacs, connect with M-x slime-connect. Load all existing source files one by one. This also starts a Jetty server and an application. Write some code in REPL. When satisfied with experiments, write a full version of a construct I had in mind. Eval (C-c C-c) it. Switch REPL to namespace where this construct resides and test it. Switch to browser and reload browser tab with the affected page. Tweak the code, eval it, check in the browser. Repeat any of the above. There are a number of annoyances with it: I have to switch between Emacs and the browser (or browsers if I am testing things like templating with multiple browsers) all the time. Is there a common idiom to automate this? I used to have a JavaScript bit that reloads the page continuously, but it's of limited utility, obviously, when I have to interact with the page for more than a few seconds. My JVM instance becomes "dirty" when I experiment and write test functions. Basically namespaces become polluted, especially if I'm refactoring and moving the functions between namespaces. This can lead to symbol collisions and I need to restart Swank. Can I undef a symbol? I load all source files one by one (C-c C-k) upon restarting Swank. I suspect I'm doing it all wrong. Switching between the REPL and the file editor can be a bit irritating, especially when I have a lot of Emacs tabs open, alongside the browser(s). I'm looking for ways to improve the above points and the entire workflow in general, so I'd appreciate if you'd share yours. P. S. I have also used Vimclojure before, so Vimclojure-based workflows are welcome too.

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• Data Annotations on ViewModels or Domain Objects

  - by Ahmad

  Where would data annotations be more suitable: ViewModels or Domain Objects or Both I am struggling to decide where these will be more suited. I have not as yet fully utilized them but this question came to mind. From most of the examples I have seen, they are generally placed on Models and simply use the required attributes for validation using ModelState.IsValid. I have also seen another question on SO where the use of data annotations alone is not sufficient and advocate. Option 1 - I will still need to validate again in my service layer. ( I think that my service layer should be complete and this include validation, since its planned to be used elsewhere) Option 2 - How will I then get the benefits of the built in validation both client and server side. Option 3 - there will be a repetition of validation logic, however I was wondering if one could use a MetaData class approach that can be used for both ViewModels and Domain Objects. ( This is completely of the top of my head, so it may be nonsensical) I wonder if this question even makes sense. If not, can someone please help in understanding this better. Have I completely misunderstood the use of data annotations?

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• What is the most efficient/elegant way to parse a flat table into a tree?

  - by Tomalak

  Assume you have a flat table that stores an ordered tree hierarchy: Id Name ParentId Order 1 'Node 1' 0 10 2 'Node 1.1' 1 10 3 'Node 2' 0 20 4 'Node 1.1.1' 2 10 5 'Node 2.1' 3 10 6 'Node 1.2' 1 20 What minimalistic approach would you use to output that to HTML (or text, for that matter) as a correctly ordered, correctly intended tree? Assume further you only have basic data structures (arrays and hashmaps), no fancy objects with parent/children references, no ORM, no framework, just your two hands. The table is represented as a result set, which can be accessed randomly. Pseudo code or plain English is okay, this is purely a conceptional question. Bonus question: Is there a fundamentally better way to store a tree structure like this in a RDBMS? EDITS AND ADDITIONS To answer one commenter's (Mark Bessey's) question: A root node is not necessary, because it is never going to be displayed anyway. ParentId = 0 is the convention to express "these are top level". The Order column defines how nodes with the same parent are going to be sorted. The "result set" I spoke of can be pictured as an array of hashmaps (to stay in that terminology). For my example was meant to be already there. Some answers go the extra mile and construct it first, but thats okay. The tree can be arbitrarily deep. Each node can have N children. I did not exactly have a "millions of entries" tree in mind, though. Don't mistake my choice of node naming ('Node 1.1.1') for something to rely on. The nodes could equally well be called 'Frank' or 'Bob', no naming structure is implied, this was merely to make it readable. I have posted my own solution so you guys can pull it to pieces.

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• Should I write more SQL to be more efficient, or less SQL to be less buggy?

  - by RenderIn

  I've been writing a lot of one-off SQL queries to return exactly what a certain page needs and no more. I could reuse existing queries and issue a number of SQL requests linear to the number of records on the page. As an example, I have a query to return People and a query to return Job Details for a person. To return a list of people with their job details I could query once for people and then once for each person to retrieve their job details. I've found that in most cases that solution returns things in a reasonable amount of time, but I don't know how well it will scale in my environment. Instead I've been writing queries to join people + job details, or people + salary history, etc. I'm looking at my models and I see how I could shave off maybe 30% of my code if I were to re-use existing queries. This is a big temptation. Is it a bad thing to go for reuse over efficiency in general or does it all come down to the specific situation? Should I first do it the easy way and then optimize later, or is it best to get the code knocked out while everything is fresh in my mind? Thoughts, experiences?

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• Method for defining simultaneous has-many and has-one associations between two models in CakePHP?

  - by Hobonium

  One thing with which I have long had problems, within the CakePHP framework, is defining simultaneous hasOne and hasMany relationships between two models. For example: BlogEntry hasMany Comment BlogEntry hasOne MostRecentComment (where MostRecentComment is the Comment with the most recent created field) Defining these relationships in the BlogEntry model properties is problematic. CakePHP's ORM implements a has-one relationship as an INNER JOIN, so as soon as there is more than one Comment, BlogEntry::find('all') calls return multiple results per BlogEntry. I've worked around these situations in the past in a few ways: Using a model callback (or, sometimes, even in the controller or view!), I've simulated a MostRecentComment with: $this->data['MostRecentComment'] = $this->data['Comment'][0]; This gets ugly fast if, say, I need to order the Comments any way other than by Comment.created. It also doesn't Cake's in-built pagination features to sort by MostRecentComment fields (e.g. sort BlogEntry results reverse-chronologically by MostRecentComment.created. Maintaining an additional foreign key, BlogEntry.most_recent_comment_id. This is annoying to maintain, and breaks Cake's ORM: the implication is BlogEntry belongsTo MostRecentComment. It works, but just looks...wrong. These solutions left much to be desired, so I sat down with this problem the other day, and worked on a better solution. I've posted my eventual solution below, but I'd be thrilled (and maybe just a little mortified) to discover there is some mind-blowingly simple solution that has escaped me this whole time. Or any other solution that meets my criteria: it must be able to sort by MostRecentComment fields at the Model::find level (ie. not just a massage of the results); it shouldn't require additional fields in the comments or blog_entries tables; it should respect the 'spirit' of the CakePHP ORM. (I'm also not sure the title of this question is as concise/informative as it could be.)

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