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• How can a C/C++ program put itself into background?

  - by Larry Gritz

  What's the best way for a running C or C++ program that's been launched from the command line to put itself into the background, equivalent to if the user had launched from the unix shell with '&' at the end of the command? (But the user didn't.) It's a GUI app and doesn't need any shell I/O, so there's no reason to tie up the shell after launch. But I want a shell command launch to be auto-backgrounded without the '&' (or on Windows). Ideally, I want a solution that would work on any of Linux, OS X, and Windows. (Or separate solutions that I can select with #ifdef.) It's ok to assume that this should be done right at the beginning of execution, as opposed to somewhere in the middle. One solution is to have the main program be a script that launches the real binary, carefully putting it into the background. But it seems unsatisfying to need these coupled shell/binary pairs. Another solution is to immediately launch another executed version (with 'system' or CreateProcess), with the same command line arguments, but putting the child in the background and then having the parent exit. But this seems clunky compared to the process putting itself into background. Edited after a few answers: Yes, a fork() (or system(), or CreateProcess on Windows) is one way to sort of do this, that I hinted at in my original question. But all of these solutions make a SECOND process that is backgrounded, and then terminate the original process. I was wondering if there was a way to put the EXISTING process into the background. One difference is that if the app was launched from a script that recorded its process id (perhaps for later killing or other purpose), the newly forked or created process will have a different id and so will not be controllable by any launching script, if you see what I'm getting at. Edit #2: fork() isn't a good solution for OS X, where the man page for 'fork' says that it's unsafe if certain frameworks or libraries are being used. I tried it, and my app complains loudly at runtime: "The process has forked and you cannot use this CoreFoundation functionality safely. You MUST exec()." I was intrigued by daemon(), but when I tried it on OS X, it gave the same error message, so I assume that it's just a fancy wrapper for fork() and has the same restrictions. Excuse the OS X centrism, it just happens to be the system in front of me at the moment. But I am indeed looking for a solution to all three platforms.

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• Poor performance / speed of regex with lookahead

  - by Hugo Zaragoza

  I have been observing extremely slow execution times with expressions with several lookaheads. I suppose that this is due to underlying data structures, but it seems pretty extreme and I wonder if I do something wrong or if there are known work-arounds. The problem is determining if a set of words are present in a string, in any order. For example we want to find out if two terms "term1" AND "term2" are somewhere in a string. I do this with the expresion: (?=.*\bterm1\b)(?=.*\bterm2\b) But what I observe is that this is an order of magnitude slower than checking first just \bterm1\b and just then \bterm2\b This seems to indicate that I should use an array of patterns instead of a single pattern with lookaheads... is this right? it seems wrong... Here is an example test code and resulting times: public static void speedLookAhead() { Matcher m, m1, m2; boolean find; int its = 1000000; // create long non-matching string char[] str = new char[2000]; for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i++) { str[i] = 'x'; } String test = str.toString(); // First method: use one expression with lookaheads m = Pattern.compile("(?=.*\\bterm1\\b)(?=.*\\bterm2\\b)").matcher(test); long time = System.currentTimeMillis(); ; for (int i = 0; i < its; i++) { m.reset(test); find = m.find(); } time = System.currentTimeMillis() - time; System.out.println(time); // Second method: use two expressions and AND the results m1 = Pattern.compile("\\bterm1\\b").matcher(test); m2 = Pattern.compile("\\bterm2\\b").matcher(test); time = System.currentTimeMillis(); ; for (int i = 0; i < its; i++) { m1.reset(test); m2.reset(test); find = m1.find() && m2.find(); } time = System.currentTimeMillis() - time; System.out.println(time); } This outputs in my computer: 1754 150

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• Why does the Ternary\Conditional operator seem significantly faster

  - by Jodrell

  Following on from this question, which I have partially answered. I compile this console app in x64 Release Mode, with optimizations on, and run it from the command line without a debugger attached. using System; using System.Diagnostics; class Program { static void Main() { var stopwatch = new Stopwatch(); var ternary = Looper(10, Ternary); var normal = Looper(10, Normal); if (ternary != normal) { throw new Exception(); } stopwatch.Start(); ternary = Looper(10000000, Ternary); stopWatch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( "Ternary took {0}ms", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds); stopwatch.Start(); normal = Looper(10000000, Normal); stopWatch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( "Normal took {0}ms", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds); if (ternary != normal) { throw new Exception(); } Console.ReadKey(); } static int Looper(int iterations, Func<bool, int, int> operation) { var result = 0; for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { var condition = result % 11 == 4; var value = ((i * 11) / 3) % 5; result = operation(condition, value); } return result; } static int Ternary(bool condition, in value) { return value + (condition ? 2 : 1); } static int Normal(int iterations) { if (condition) { return = 2 + value; } return = 1 + value; } } I don't get any exceptions and the output to the console is somthing close to, Ternary took 107ms Normal took 230ms When I break down the CIL for the two logical functions I get this, ... Ternary ... { : ldarg.1 // push second arg : ldarg.0 // push first arg : brtrue.s T // if first arg is true jump to T : ldc.i4.1 // push int32(1) : br.s F // jump to F T: ldc.i4.2 // push int32(2) F: add // add either 1 or 2 to second arg : ret // return result } ... Normal ... { : ldarg.0 // push first arg : brfalse.s F // if first arg is false jump to F : ldc.i4.2 // push int32(2) : ldarg.1 // push second arg : add // add second arg to 2 : ret // return result F: ldc.i4.1 // push int32(1) : ldarg.1 // push second arg : add // add second arg to 1 : ret // return result } Whilst the Ternary CIL is a little shorter, it seems to me that the execution path through the CIL for either function takes 3 loads and 1 or 2 jumps and a return. Why does the Ternary function appear to be twice as fast. I underdtand that, in practice, they are both very quick and indeed, quich enough but, I would like to understand the discrepancy.

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• How to fix this Speech Recognition wicked bug?

  - by aF

  I have this code in my C# project: public void startRecognition(string pName) { presentationName = pName; if (WaveNative.waveInGetNumDevs() > 0) { string grammar = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PUBLIC") + "\\SoundLog\\Presentations\\" + presentationName + "\\SpeechRecognition\\soundlog.cfg"; if (File.Exists(grammar)) { File.Delete(grammar); } executeCommand(); /// Create an instance of SpSharedRecoContextClass which will be used /// to interface with the incoming audio stream recContext = new SpSharedRecoContextClass(); // Create the grammar object recContext.CreateGrammar(1, out recGrammar); //recContext.CreateGrammar(2, out recGrammar2); // Set up dictation mode //recGrammar2.SetDictationState(SpeechLib.SPRULESTATE.SPRS_ACTIVE); //recGrammar2.SetGrammarState(SPGRAMMARSTATE.SPGS_ENABLED); // Set appropriate grammar mode if (File.Exists(grammar)) { recGrammar.LoadCmdFromFile(grammar, SPLOADOPTIONS.SPLO_STATIC); //recGrammar.SetDictationState(SpeechLib.SPRULESTATE.SPRS_INACTIVE); recGrammar.SetGrammarState(SPGRAMMARSTATE.SPGS_ENABLED); recGrammar.SetRuleIdState(0, SPRULESTATE.SPRS_ACTIVE); } /// Bind a callback to the recognition event which will be invoked /// When a dictated phrase has been recognised. recContext.Recognition += new _ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler(handleRecognition); // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(recContext.ToString()); // gramática compilada } } private static void handleRecognition(int StreamNumber, object StreamPosition, SpeechLib.SpeechRecognitionType RecognitionType, SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoResult Result) { string temp = Result.PhraseInfo.GetText(0, -1, true); _recognizedText = ""; // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(temp); // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(recognizedWords.Count.ToString()); foreach (string word in recognizedWords) { if (temp.Contains(word)) { // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("yes"); _recognizedText = word; } } } This codes generates a dll that I use in another application. Now, the wicked bug: - when I run the startRecognition method in the beginning of the execution of the other application, this codes works very well. But when I run it some time after the beginning, this codes works but the handleRecognition method is never called. I see that the words are recognized because they appear on the Microsoft Speech Recognition app, but the handler method is never called. Do you know what's the problem with this code? NOTE: this project has some code that is allways being executed. Might that be the problem? Because the other code is running it doesn't allow it to this to run?

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• Android browser touch events stop display being updated inc. canvas/elements - How to work around?

  - by Ed Kirk

  On some android's native browser touching the page seems to stop the display from being updated until the finger is released. This occurs for both html element based animation (switching classes) and for canvas based animation. It does not however stop normal js execution and other events are fired as normal. On devices with this problem the dolphin browser also seems effected (not firefox though). Touchstart/move both have preventDefault() fired as well as stopPropergation(), cancelBubble = true; and e.returnValue = false;. In the CSS webkit selection has also been disabled. The page will not scroll. A similar question has been asked here: Does Android browser lock DOM on touchStart? but I'd like to find out if this behaviour can be overcome, or at least to discover what devices will be effected by the problem, is it a device or version android issue? If you cannot answer the question running the demo and reporting your experience along with your device model and useragent (displayed at bottom of demo page) as a comment might help others or myself answer the question. Here is a demo and steps to reproduce the behaviour. A QR code for the link can be found here https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/canvas-test-pd/tmp.png. https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/canvas-test-pd/index.html The web page has a canvas at the top and a div with a background image at the bottom. Every second the canvas is cleared and a different image displayed and the div has it's class switched (both toggle between 0 and 1 pngs). Once this has toggled a few times place your finger on the canvas (the top grey box) and hold it there. Wait to see if the animation continues (sometimes it will once or twice then stops) and if there are any visual distortions. Update It seems that the Galaxy Tab running 3.2 requires handlers for touchstart/end of document, not just required divs for the screen to continue updating the display. Thanks jimpic. I'm starting to believe it's an issue caused by manufacturers skins, although this is difficult to prove.

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• Vertical Seek not progress value not showing on MainActivity textView

  - by Raju Gujarati

  I am try to display the progress value of the seekBar but when it comes to the execution, there is no update on the value being display on the TextView. I wonder what alternatives than putting two classes onto one big class in order to archive this aim ? The below is my code VerticalSeekBar.java package com.example.imagerotation; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.widget.SeekBar; import android.widget.Toast; public class VerticalSeekBar extends SeekBar { public VerticalSeekBar(Context context) { super(context); } public VerticalSeekBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); } public VerticalSeekBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); } protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) { super.onSizeChanged(h, w, oldh, oldw); } @Override protected synchronized void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(heightMeasureSpec, widthMeasureSpec); setMeasuredDimension(getMeasuredHeight(), getMeasuredWidth()); } protected void onDraw(Canvas c) { c.rotate(-90); c.translate(-getHeight(), 0); super.onDraw(c); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { if (!isEnabled()) { return false; } switch (event.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: int progress = getMax() - (int) (getMax() * event.getY() / getHeight()); setProgress(progress); onSizeChanged(getWidth(), getHeight(), 0, 0); //Toast.makeText(getContext(), String.valueOf(progress), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: break; } return true; } } MainActvity.java package com.example.imagerotation; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private VerticalSeekBar seek; private TextView by; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); seek = (VerticalSeekBar)findViewById(R.id.seekBar1); by = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1); by.setText(String.valueOf(seek.getProgress())); } }

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• Is typeid of type name always evaluated at compile time in c++ ?

  - by cyril42e

  I wanted to check that typeid is evaluated at compile time when used with a type name (ie typeid(int), typeid(std::string)...). To do so, I repeated in a loop the comparison of two typeid calls, and compiled it with optimizations enabled, in order to see if the compiler simplified the loop (by looking at the execution time which is 1us when it simplifies instead of 160ms when it does not). And I get strange results, because sometimes the compiler simplifies the code, and sometimes it does not. I use g++ (I tried different 4.x versions), and here is the program: #include <iostream> #include <typeinfo> #include <time.h> class DisplayData {}; class RobotDisplay: public DisplayData {}; class SensorDisplay: public DisplayData {}; class RobotQt {}; class SensorQt {}; timespec tp1, tp2; const int n = 1000000000; int main() { int avg = 0; clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp1); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { // if (typeid(RobotQt) == typeid(RobotDisplay)) // (1) compile time // if (typeid(SensorQt) == typeid(SensorDisplay)) // (2) compile time if (typeid(RobotQt) == typeid(RobotDisplay) || typeid(SensorQt) == typeid(SensorDisplay)) // (3) not compile time ???!!! avg++; else avg--; } clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp2); std::cout << "time (" << avg << "): " << (tp2.tv_sec-tp1.tv_sec)*1000000000+(tp2.tv_nsec-tp1.tv_nsec) << " ns" << std::endl; } The conditions in which this problem appear are not clear, but: - if there is no inheritance involved, no problem (always compile time) - if I do only one comparison, no problem - the problem only appears only with a disjunction of comparisons if all the terms are false So is there something I didn't get with how typeid works (is it always supposed to be evaluated at compilation time when used with type names?) or may this be a gcc bug in evaluation or optimization? About the context, I tracked down the problem to this very simplified example, but my goal is to use typeid with template types (as partial function template specialization is not possible). Thanks for your help!

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• How to fix this Speech Recognition on C# wicked bug?

  - by aF

  Hello, I have this code in my C# project: public void startRecognition(string pName) { presentationName = pName; if (WaveNative.waveInGetNumDevs() > 0) { string grammar = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PUBLIC") + "\\SoundLog\\Presentations\\" + presentationName + "\\SpeechRecognition\\soundlog.cfg"; if (File.Exists(grammar)) { File.Delete(grammar); } executeCommand(); /// Create an instance of SpSharedRecoContextClass which will be used /// to interface with the incoming audio stream recContext = new SpSharedRecoContextClass(); // Create the grammar object recContext.CreateGrammar(1, out recGrammar); //recContext.CreateGrammar(2, out recGrammar2); // Set up dictation mode //recGrammar2.SetDictationState(SpeechLib.SPRULESTATE.SPRS_ACTIVE); //recGrammar2.SetGrammarState(SPGRAMMARSTATE.SPGS_ENABLED); // Set appropriate grammar mode if (File.Exists(grammar)) { recGrammar.LoadCmdFromFile(grammar, SPLOADOPTIONS.SPLO_STATIC); //recGrammar.SetDictationState(SpeechLib.SPRULESTATE.SPRS_INACTIVE); recGrammar.SetGrammarState(SPGRAMMARSTATE.SPGS_ENABLED); recGrammar.SetRuleIdState(0, SPRULESTATE.SPRS_ACTIVE); } /// Bind a callback to the recognition event which will be invoked /// When a dictated phrase has been recognised. recContext.Recognition += new _ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler(handleRecognition); // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(recContext.ToString()); // gramática compilada } } private static void handleRecognition(int StreamNumber, object StreamPosition, SpeechLib.SpeechRecognitionType RecognitionType, SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoResult Result) { string temp = Result.PhraseInfo.GetText(0, -1, true); _recognizedText = ""; // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(temp); // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(recognizedWords.Count.ToString()); foreach (string word in recognizedWords) { if (temp.Contains(word)) { // System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("yes"); _recognizedText = word; } } } This codes generates a dll that I use in another application. Now, the wicked bug: - when I run the startRecognition method in the beginning of the execution of the other application, this codes works very well. But when I run it some time after the beginning, this codes works but the handleRecognition method is never called. I see that the words are recognized because they appear on the Microsoft Speech Recognition app, but the handler method is never called. Do you know what's the problem with this code? Thanks in advance :D

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• -[NSConcreteMutableData release]: message sent to deallocated instance

  - by kamibutt

  Dear members, I am facing a problem of -[NSConcreteMutableData release]: message sent to deallocated instance, i have attached my sample code as well. - (IBAction)uploadImage { NSString *urlString = @"http://192.168.1.108/iphoneimages/uploadfile.php?userid=1&charid=23&msgid=3"; //if(FALSE) for (int i=0; i<[imgArray count]; i++) { // setting up the request object now NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init]; [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]]; [request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"]; /* add some header info now we always need a boundary when we post a file also we need to set the content type You might want to generate a random boundary.. this is just the same as my output from wireshark on a valid html post */ NSString *boundary = [NSString stringWithString:@"---------------------------14737809831466499882746641449"]; NSString *contentType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@",boundary]; [request addValue:contentType forHTTPHeaderField: @"Content-Type"]; /* now lets create the body of the post */ NSMutableData *body = [[NSMutableData data] autorelease]; NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"userfile\"; filename=\"ipodfile%d.jpg\"\r\n",i]; [body appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"\r\n--%@\r\n",boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; [body appendData:[[NSString stringWithString:str] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; [body appendData:[[NSString stringWithString:@"Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n"] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation([imgArray objectAtIndex:i], 90); [body appendData:[NSData dataWithData:imageData]]; [body appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"\r\n--%@--\r\n",boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; // setting the body of the post to the reqeust [request setHTTPBody:body]; // now lets make the connection to the web [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil]; //NSString *returnString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:returnData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; //NSLog(@"%@",returnString); [imageData release]; [request release]; //[body release]; } } It successfully upload the images to the folder and there is no any error in the execution but when it complete it process and try to go back it give error -[NSConcreteMutableData release]: message sent to deallocated instance Please help me out. Thanks

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• Fail to save a managed object to core-data after its properties were updated.

  - by Tzur Gazit

  I have to trouble to create the object, but updating it fails. Here is the creation code: // Save data from pList to core data fro the first time - (void) saveToCoreData:(NSDictionary *)plistDictionary { // Create system parameter entity SystemParameters *systemParametersEntity = (SystemParameters *)[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"SystemParameters" inManagedObjectContext:mManagedObjectContext]; //// // GPS SIMULATOR //// NSDictionary *GpsSimulator = [plistDictionary valueForKey:@"GpsSimulator"]; [systemParametersEntity setMGpsSimulatorEnabled:[[GpsSimulator objectForKey:@"Enabled"] boolValue]]; [systemParametersEntity setMGpsSimulatorFileName:[GpsSimulator valueForKey:@"FileName"]]; [systemParametersEntity setMGpsSimulatorPlaybackSpeed:[[GpsSimulator objectForKey:@"PlaybackSpeed"] intValue]]; [self saveAction]; } During execution the cached copy is changed and then it is saved (or trying) to the database. Here is the code to save the changed copy: // Save data from pList to core data fro the first time - (void) saveSystemParametersToCoreData:(SystemParameters *)theSystemParameters { // Step 1: Select Data NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"SystemParameters" inManagedObjectContext:mManagedObjectContext]; [fetchRequest setEntity:entity]; NSError *error = nil; NSArray *items = [self.managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:&error]; [fetchRequest release]; if (error) { NSLog(@"CoreData: saveSystemParametersToCoreData: Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]); abort(); } // Step 2: Update Object SystemParameters *systemParameters = [items objectAtIndex:0]; //// // GPS SIMULATOR //// [systemParameters setMGpsSimulatorEnabled:[theSystemParameters mGpsSimulatorEnabled]]; [systemParameters setMGpsSimulatorFileName:[theSystemParameters mGpsSimulatorFileName]]; [systemParameters setMGpsSimulatorPlaybackSpeed:[theSystemParameters mGpsSimulatorPlaybackSpeed]]; // Step 3: Save Updates [self saveAction]; } As to can see, I fetch the object that I want to update, change its values and save. Here is the saving code: - (void)saveAction { NSError *error; if (![[self mManagedObjectContext] save:&error]) { NSLog(@"ERROR:saveAction. Unresolved Core Data Save error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]); exit(-1); } } The Persistent store method: - (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator { if (mPersistentStoreCoordinator != nil) { return mPersistentStoreCoordinator; } NSString *path = [self databasePath]; NSURL *storeUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path]; NSError *error = nil; mPersistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]]; if (![mPersistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeUrl options:nil error:&error]) { NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]); abort(); } return mPersistentStoreCoordinator; } There is no error but the sqLite file is not updated, hence the data is not persistent. Thanks in advance.

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• Hibernate/Spring: getHibernateTemplate().save(...) Freezes/Hangs

  - by ashes999

  I'm using Hibernate and Spring with the DAO pattern (all Hibernate dependencies in a *DAO.java class). I have nine unit tests (JUnit) which create some business objects, save them, and perform operations on them; the objects are in a hash (so I'm reusing the same objects all the time). My JUnit setup method calls my DAO.deleteAllObjects() method which calls getSession().createSQLQuery("DELETE FROM <tablename>").executeUpdate() for my business object table (just one). One of my unit tests (#8/9) freezes. I presumed it was a database deadlock, because the Hibernate log file shows my delete statement last. However, debugging showed that it's simply HibernateTemplate.save(someObject) that's freezing. (Eclipse shows that it's freezing on HibernateTemplate.save(Object), line 694.) Also interesting to note is that running this test by itself (not in the suite of 9 tests) doesn't cause any problems. How on earth do I troubleshoot and fix this? Also, I'm using @Entity annotations, if that matters. Edit: I removed reuse of my business objects (use unique objects in every method) -- didn't make a difference (still freezes). Edit: This started trickling into other tests, too (can't run more than one test class without getting something freezing) Transaction configuration: <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <!-- the transactional semantics... --> <tx:attributes> <!-- all methods starting with 'get' are read-only --> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" /> <!-- other methods use the default transaction settings (see below) --> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- my bean which is exhibiting the hanging behavior --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="beanNameHere" expression="execution(* com.blah.blah.IMyDAO.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="beanNameHere" /> </aop:config>

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• How do I use JDK 7 on Mac OSX?

  - by Yko

  OK. This is a newbie question but I can't figure it out... I would like to use the WatchService API as mentioned in this link: http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/io/notification.html After reading around, I found out that WatchService is part of the NIO class which is scheduled for JDK 7. So, it is in beta form. It's fine. http://jdk7.java.net/download.html has the JDK which I downloaded and extracted. I got a bunch of folders. I don't know what to do with them. Then, I read around some more and found that some nice group of people created JDK 7 as a binary so someone like me can install it easily. It is called Open JDK: http://code.google.com/p/openjdk-osx-build/ So, I downloaded the .dmg file and instal it. Then I open "Java Preference" and see that OpenJDK7 is available. So, now I feel that I can start trying out WatchService API. From the tutorial in the first link, the author gave a .java file to test it out first and make sure that it is running. Here is the link to the file: http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/io/examples/WatchDir.java So, I boot up Eclipse (actually I use STS) and create a new Java project and choose JaveSE-1.7 in the "use an execution environment JRE:". Under the src folder, I copy pasted the WatchDir.java file. And I still see tons of squiggly red lines. All the "import.java.nio.*" are all red and I cannot run it as a Java app. If you read this far, thanks a lot. So, now... What do I need to do? Thanks. EDIT: I actually did not pursue using Java 7 but there are a lot of interest in it and it seems like people keep answering this question. What should I do to make it more relevant to people who search for it? Let me know by PMing me. Thanks.

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• prolog sets problem, stack overflow

  - by garm0nboz1a

  Hi. I'm gonna show some code and ask, what could be optimized and where am I sucked? sublist([], []). sublist([H | Tail1], [H | Tail2]) :- sublist(Tail1, Tail2). sublist(H, [_ | Tail]) :- sublist(H, Tail). less(X, X, _). less(X, Z, RelationList) :- member([X,Z], RelationList). less(X, Z, RelationList) :- member([X,Y], RelationList), less(Y, Z, RelationList), \+less(Z, X, RelationList). lessList(X, LessList, RelationList) :- findall(Y, less(X, Y, RelationList), List), list_to_set(List, L), sort(L, LessList), !. list_mltpl(List1, List2, List) :- findall(X, ( member(X, List1), member(X, List2)), List). chain([_], _). chain([H,T | Tail], RelationList) :- less(H, T, RelationList), chain([T|Tail], RelationList), !. have_inf(X1, X2, RelationList) :- lessList(X1, X1_cone, RelationList), lessList(X2, X2_cone, RelationList), list_mltpl(X1_cone, X2_cone, Cone), chain(Cone, RelationList), !. relations(List, E) :- findall([X1,X2], (member(X1, E), member(X2, E), X1 =\= X2), Relations), sublist(List, Relations). semilattice(List, E) :- forall( (member(X1, E), member(X2, E), X1 < X2), have_inf(X1, X2, List) ). main(E) :- relations(X, E), semilattice(X, E). I'm trying to model all possible graph sets of N elements. Predicate relations(List, E) connects list of possible graphs(List) and input set E. Then I'm describing semilattice predicate to check relations' List for some properties. So, what I have. 1) semilattice/2 is working fast and clear ?- semilattice([[1,3],[2,4],[3,5],[4,5]],[1,2,3,4,5]). true. ?- semilattice([[1,3],[1,4],[2,3],[2,4],[3,5],[4,5]],[1,2,3,4,5]). false. 2) relations/2 is working not well ?- findall(X, relations(X,[1,2,3,4]), List), length(List, Len), writeln(Len),fail. 4096 false. ?- findall(X, relations(X,[1,2,3,4,5]), List), length(List, Len), writeln(Len),fail. ERROR: Out of global stack ^ Exception: (11) setup_call_catcher_cleanup('$bags':'$new_findall_bag'(17852886), '$bags':fa_loop(_G263, user:relations(_G263, [1, 2, 3, 4|...]), 17852886, _G268, []), _G835, '$bags':'$destroy_findall_bag'(17852886)) ? abort % Execution Aborted 3) Mix of them to finding all possible semilattice does not work at all. ?- main([1,2]). ERROR: Out of local stack ^ Exception: (15) setup_call_catcher_cleanup('$bags':'$new_findall_bag'(17852886), '$bags':fa_loop(_G41, user:less(1, _G41, [[1, 2], [2, 1]]), 17852886, _G52, []), _G4767764, '$bags':'$destroy_findall_bag'(17852886)) ?

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• C# - periodic data reading and Thread.Sleep()

  - by CaldonCZE

  Hello, my C# application reads data from special USB device. The data are read as so-called "messages", each of them having 24 bytes. The amount of messages that must be read per second may differ (maximal frequency is quite high, about 700 messages per second), but the application must read them all. The only way to read the messages is by calling function "ReadMessage", that returns one message read from the device. The function is from external DLL and I cannot modify it. My solution: I've got a seperate thread, that is running all the time during the program run and it's only job is to read the messages in cycle. The received messages are then processed in main application thread. The function executed in the "reading thread" is the following: private void ReadingThreadFunction() { int cycleCount; try { while (this.keepReceivingMessages) { cycleCount++; TRxMsg receivedMessage; ReadMessage(devHandle, out receivedMessage); //...do something with the message... } } catch { //... catch exception if reading failed... } } This solution works fine and all messages are correctly received. However, the application consumes too much resources, the CPU of my computer runs at more than 80%. Therefore I'd like to reduce it. Thanks to the "cycleCount" variable I know that the "cycling speed" of the thread is about 40 000 cycles per second. This is unnecessarily too much, since I need to receive maximum 700 messagges/sec. (and the device has buffer for about 100 messages, so the cycle speed can be even a little lower) I tried to reduce the cycle speed by suspending the thread for 1 ms by Thread.Sleep(1); command. Of course, this didn't work and the cycle speed became about 70 cycles/second which was not enough to read all messages. I know that this attempt was silly, that putting the thread to sleep and then waking him up takes much longer than 1 ms. However, I don't know what else to do: Is there some other way how to slow the thread execution down (to reduce CPU consumption) other than Thread.Sleep? Or am I completely wrong and should I use something different for this task instead of Thread, maybe Threading.Timer or ThreadPool? Thanks a lot in advance for all suggestions. This is my first question here and I'm a beginner at using threads, so please excuse me if it's not clear enough.

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• How can I enable a debugging mode via a command-line switch for my Perl program?

  - by Michael Mao

  I am learning Perl in a "head-first" manner. I am absolutely a newbie in this language: I am trying to have a debug_mode switch from CLI which can be used to control how my script works, by switching certain subroutines "on and off". And below is what I've got so far: #!/usr/bin/perl -s -w # purpose : make subroutine execution optional, # which is depending on a CLI switch flag use strict; use warnings; use constant DEBUG_VERBOSE => "v"; use constant DEBUG_SUPPRESS_ERROR_MSGS => "s"; use constant DEBUG_IGNORE_VALIDATION => "i"; use constant DEBUG_SETPPING_COMPUTATION => "c"; our ($debug_mode); mainMethod(); sub mainMethod # () { if(!$debug_mode) { print "debug_mode is OFF\n"; } elsif($debug_mode) { print "debug_mode is ON\n"; } else { print "OMG!\n"; exit -1; } checkArgv(); printErrorMsg("Error_Code_123", "Parsing Error at..."); verbose(); } sub checkArgv #() { print ("Number of ARGV : ".(1 + $#ARGV)."\n"); } sub printErrorMsg # ($error_code, $error_msg, ..) { if(defined($debug_mode) && !($debug_mode =~ DEBUG_SUPPRESS_ERROR_MSGS)) { print "You can only see me if -debug_mode is NOT set". " to DEBUG_SUPPRESS_ERROR_MSGS\n"; die("terminated prematurely...\n") and exit -1; } } sub verbose # () { if(defined($debug_mode) && ($debug_mode =~ DEBUG_VERBOSE)) { print "Blah blah blah...\n"; } } So far as I can tell, at least it works...: the -debug_mode switch doesn't interfere with normal ARGV the following commandlines work: ./optional.pl ./optional.pl -debug_mode ./optional.pl -debug_mode=v ./optional.pl -debug_mode=s However, I am puzzled when multiple debug_modes are "mixed", such as: ./optional.pl -debug_mode=sv ./optional.pl -debug_mode=vs I don't understand why the above lines of code "magically works". I see both of the "DEBUG_VERBOS" and "DEBUG_SUPPRESS_ERROR_MSGS" apply to the script, which is fine in this case. However, if there are some "conflicting" debug modes, I am not sure how to set the "precedence of debug_modes"? Also, I am not certain if my approach is good enough to Perlists and I hope I am getting my feet in the right direction. One biggest problem is that I now put if statements inside most of my subroutines for controlling their behavior under different modes. Is this okay? Is there a more elegant way? I know there must be a debug module from CPAN or elsewhere, but I want a real minimal solution that doesn't depend on any other module than the "default". And I cannot have any control on the environment where this script will be executed...

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• SwingWorker exceptions lost even when using wrapper classes

  - by Ti Strga

  I've been struggling with the usability problem of SwingWorker eating any exceptions thrown in the background task, for example, described on this SO thread. That thread gives a nice description of the problem, but doesn't discuss recovering the original exception. The applet I've been handed needs to propagate the exception upwards. But I haven't been able to even catch it. I'm using the SimpleSwingWorker wrapper class from this blog entry specifically to try and address this issue. It's a fairly small class but I'll repost it at the end here just for reference. The calling code looks broadly like try { // lots of code here to prepare data, finishing with SpecialDataHelper helper = new SpecialDataHelper(...stuff...); helper.execute(); } catch (Throwable e) { // used "Throwable" here in desperation to try and get // anything at all to match, including unchecked exceptions // // no luck, this code is never ever used :-( } The wrappers: class SpecialDataHelper extends SimpleSwingWorker { public SpecialDataHelper (SpecialData sd) { this.stuff = etc etc etc; } public Void doInBackground() throws Exception { OurCodeThatThrowsACheckedException(this.stuff); return null; } protected void done() { // called only when successful // never reached if there's an error } } The feature of SimpleSwingWorker is that the actual SwingWorker's done()/get() methods are automatically called. This, in theory, rethrows any exceptions that happened in the background. In practice, nothing is ever caught, and I don't even know why. The SimpleSwingWorker class, for reference, and with nothing elided for brevity: import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; import javax.swing.SwingWorker; /** * A drop-in replacement for SwingWorker<Void,Void> but will not silently * swallow exceptions during background execution. * * Taken from http://jonathangiles.net/blog/?p=341 with thanks. */ public abstract class SimpleSwingWorker { private final SwingWorker<Void,Void> worker = new SwingWorker<Void,Void>() { @Override protected Void doInBackground() throws Exception { SimpleSwingWorker.this.doInBackground(); return null; } @Override protected void done() { // Exceptions are lost unless get() is called on the // originating thread. We do so here. try { get(); } catch (final InterruptedException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex); } catch (final ExecutionException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex.getCause()); } SimpleSwingWorker.this.done(); } }; public SimpleSwingWorker() {} protected abstract Void doInBackground() throws Exception; protected abstract void done(); public void execute() { worker.execute(); } }

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• How to properly mix generics and inheritance to get the desired result?

  - by yamsha

  My question is not easy to explain using words, fortunately it's not too difficult to demonstrate. So, bear with me: public interface Command<R> { public R execute();//parameter R is the type of object that will be returned as the result of the execution of this command } public abstract class BasicCommand<R> { } public interface CommandProcessor<C extends Command<?>> { public <R> R process(C<R> command);//this is my question... it's illegal to do, but you understand the idea behind it, right? } //constrain BasicCommandProcessor to commands that subclass BasicCommand public class BasicCommandProcessor implements CommandProcessor<C extends BasicCommand<?>> { //here, only subclasses of BasicCommand should be allowed as arguments but these //BasicCommand object should be parameterized by R, like so: BasicCommand<R> //so the method signature should really be // public <R> R process(BasicCommand<R> command) //which would break the inheritance if the interface's method signature was instead: // public <R> R process(Command<R> command); //I really hope this fully illustrates my conundrum public <R> R process(C<R> command) { return command.execute(); } } public class CommandContext { public static void main(String... args) { BasicCommandProcessor bcp = new BasicCommandProcessor(); String textResult = bcp.execute(new BasicCommand<String>() { public String execute() { return "result"; } }); Long numericResult = bcp.execute(new BasicCommand<Long>() { public Long execute() { return 123L; } }); } } Basically, I want the generic "process" method to dictate the type of generic parameter of the Command object. The goal is to be able to restrict different implementations of CommandProcessor to certain classes that implement Command interface and at the same time to able to call the process method of any class that implements the CommandProcessor interface and have it return the object of type specified by the parametarized Command object. I'm not sure if my explanation is clear enough, so please let me know if further explanation is needed. I guess, the question is "Would this be possible to do, at all?" If the answer is "No" what would be the best work-around (I thought of a couple on my own, but I'd like some fresh ideas)

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• Can you call FB.login inside a callback from other FB methods (like FB.getLoginStatus) without triggering popup blockers?

  - by Erik Kallevig

  I'm trying to set up a pretty basic authentication logic flow with the FB JavaScript SDK to check a user's logged-in status and permissions before performing an action (and prompting the user to login with permissions if they are not)... User types a message into a textarea on my site to post to their Facebook feed and click's a 'post to facebook' button on my site. In response to the click, I check user's logged in status with FB.getLoginStatus In the callback to FB.getLoginStatus, if user is not logged in, prompt them to login (FB.login). In the callback to FB.login I then need to make sure they have the right permissions so I make a call to FB.api('/me/permissions') -- if they don't , I again prompt them to login (FB.login) The problem I'm running into is that anytime I try to call FB.login inside a callback to other FB methods, the browser seems to lose track of the origin of execution (the click) and thus will block the popup. I'm wondering if I'm missing some way to prompt the user to login after checking their status without the browser mistakenly thinking that it's not a user-initiated popup? I've currently fallen back to just calling FB.login() first regardless. The undesired side effect of this approach, however, is that if the user is already logged-in with permissions and I'm still calling FB.login, the auth popup will open and close immediately before continuing, which looks rather buggy despite being functional. It seems like checking a user's login status and permissions before doing something would be a common flow so I feel like I'm missing something. Here's some example code. <div onclick="onClickPostBtn()">Post to Facebook</div> <script> // Callback to click on Post button. function onClickPostBtn() { // Check if logged in, prompt to do so if not. FB.getLoginStatus(function(response) { if (response.status === 'connected') { checkPermissions(response.authResponse.accessToken); } else { FB.login(function(){}, {scope: 'publish_stream'}) } }); } // Logged in, check permissions. function checkPermissions(accessToken) { FB.api('/me/permissions', {'access_token': accessToken}, function(response){ // Logged in and authorized for this site. if (response.data && response.data.length) { // Parse response object to check for permission here... if (hasPermission) { // Logged in with permission, perform some action. } else { // Logged in without proper permission, request login with permissions. FB.login(function(){}, {scope: 'publish_stream'}) } // Logged in to FB but not authorized for this site. } else { FB.login(function(){}, {scope: 'publish_stream'}) } } ); } </script>

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• form inside tabview doesn't work

  - by user3536737

  i am working with jsf and primefaces , and here is what 've tried well i want to creat a tabview that get data from an arraylist in my bean i get for exemple 4 tabs , and inside each one i've created a hidden panel where i have a form with 2 input text to update informations , do i display the panel when i click on the second button Update , after that my panel is not hidden anymore , and i set the new values and click on the second button to update the informations , the problem is that the updating and the execution is working only for the first tab , it means when i try to update the new informations it works for the first one and for the other tabs it doesn't here is the code <p:tab title="#{rr.nom_ressource}"> <h:panelGrid> <h:graphicImage value="Ressources/images/emp.jpg" style="vertical-align:middle" /> <span style="font-size:15px; width:170px; display:inline-block;"> Nom : #{rr.nom_ressource} Type: #{rr.type_ressource} Specification: #{rr.experience} </span> <h:commandButton image="Ressources/images/delete.jpg" actionListener="#{SelectBean.act}" update=":form" style="vertical-align:middle" > Update </h:commandButton> <h:commandButton update=":outPanel" actionListener="#{SelectBean.mod1()}" image="Ressources/images/update.png" style="vertical-align:middle" > Modifier </h:commandButton> <h:form id="form111"> <p:growl id="growl" showDetail="true" sticky="true" /> <p:panel rendered ="#{SelectBean.bol}" closable="true" toggleable="true" id="outPanel" styleClass="outPanel" widgetVar="outpanel"> <h:outputLabel value="Nom " /> <h:inputText value="#{SelectBean.nom}" /> <br/> <h:outputLabel value="Experience " /> <h:inputText value="#{SelectBean.exp}" /> <br/> <h:commandButton value="Update" action="#{SelectBean.done}"/> </p:panel> </h:form> </h:panelGrid> </p:tab> for my managedbean the code is correct i think the problem is here

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• Calling compiled C from R with .C()

  - by Sarah

  I'm trying to call a program (function getNBDensities in the C executable measurementDensities_out) from R. The function is passed several arrays and the variable double runsum. Right now, the getNBDensities function basically does nothing: it prints to screen the values of passed parameters. My problem is the syntax of calling the function: array(.C("getNBDensities", hr = as.double(hosp.rate), # a vector (s x 1) sp = as.double(samplingProbabilities), # another vector (s x 1) odh = as.double(odh), # another vector (s x 1) simCases = as.integer(x[c("xC1","xC2","xC3")]), # another vector (s x 1) obsCases = as.integer(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), # another vector (s x 1) runsum = as.double(runsum), # double DUP = TRUE, NAOK = TRUE, PACKAGE = "measurementDensities_out")$f, dim = length(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), dimnames = c("yC1","yC2","yC3")) The error I get, after proper execution of the function (i.e., the right output is printed to screen), is Error in dim(data) <- dim : attempt to set an attribute on NULL I'm unclear what the dimensions are that I should be passing the function: should it be s x 5 + 1 (five vectors of length s and one double)? I've tried all sorts of combinations (including sx5+1) and have found only seemingly conflicting descriptions/examples online of what's supposed to happen here. For those who are interested, the C code is below: #include <R.h> #include <Rmath.h> #include <math.h> #include <Rdefines.h> #include <R_ext/PrtUtil.h> #define NUM_STRAINS 3 #define DEBUG void getNBDensities( double *hr, double *sp, double *odh, int *simCases, int *obsCases, double *runsum ); void getNBDensities( double *hr, double *sp, double *odh, int *simCases, int *obsCases, double *runsum ) { #ifdef DEBUG for ( int s = 0; s < NUM_STRAINS; s++ ) { Rprintf("\nFor strain %d",s); Rprintf("\n\tHospitalization rate = %lg", hr[s]); Rprintf("\n\tSimulation probability = %lg",sp[s]); Rprintf("\n\tSimulated cases = %d",simCases[s]); Rprintf("\n\tObserved cases = %d",obsCases[s]); Rprintf("\n\tOverdispersion parameter = %lg",odh[s]); } Rprintf("\nRunning sum = %lg",runsum[0]); #endif } naive solution While better (i.e., potentially faster or syntactically clearer) solutions may exist (see Dirk's answer below), the following simplification of the code works: out<-.C("getNBDensities", hr = as.double(hosp.rate), sp = as.double(samplingProbabilities), odh = as.double(odh), simCases = as.integer(x[c("xC1","xC2","xC3")]), obsCases = as.integer(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), runsum = as.double(runsum)) The variables can be accessed in >out.

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• Android : Connecting to MySQL using PHP

  - by user1771128

  I followed the following article http://blog.sptechnolab.com/2011/02/10/android/android-connecting-to-mysql-using-php/ I am able to execute my php file. I executed it individually and its working fine. The problem is in the android execution part. Am posting the Log Cat for the error am facing. Tried putting in a List View with id "list" but the error stil 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): **FATAL EXCEPTION: main** 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.city/com.example.city.City}: java.lang.RuntimeException: Your content must have a ListView whose id attribute is 'android.R.id.list' 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1956) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1981) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:123) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1147) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4424) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:784) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:551) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Your content must have a ListView whose id attribute is 'android.R.id.list' 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ListActivity.onContentChanged(ListActivity.java:243) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:254) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1835) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at com.example.city.City.onCreate(City.java:35) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:4465) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1049) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1920) 10-28 16:08:27.201: E/AndroidRuntime(664): ... 11 more

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• How to get all captures of subgroup matches with preg_match_all()?

  - by hakre

  Update/Note: I think what I'm probably looking for is to get the captures of a group in PHP. Referenced: PCRE regular expressions using named pattern subroutines. (Read carefully:) I have a string that contains a variable number of segments (simplified): $subject = 'AA BB DD '; // could be 'AA BB DD CC EE ' as well I would like now to match the segments and return them via the matches array: $pattern = '/^(([a-z]+) )+$/i'; $result = preg_match_all($pattern, $subject, $matches); This will only return the last match for the capture group 2: DD. Is there a way that I can retrieve all subpattern captures (AA, BB, DD) with one regex execution? Isn't preg_match_all suitable for this? This question is a generalization. Both the $subject and $pattern are simplified. Naturally with such the general list of AA, BB, .. is much more easy to extract with other functions (e.g. explode) or with a variation of the $pattern. But I'm specifically asking how to return all of the subgroup matches with the preg_...-family of functions. For a real life case imagine you have multiple (nested) level of a variant amount of subpattern matches. Example This is an example in pseudo code to describe a bit of the background. Imagine the following: Regular definitions of tokens: CHARS := [a-z]+ PUNCT := [.,!?] WS := [ ] $subject get's tokenized based on these. The tokenization is stored inside an array of tokens (type, offset, ...). That array is then transformed into a string, containing one character per token: CHARS -> "c" PUNCT -> "p" WS -> "s" So that it's now possible to run regular expressions based on tokens (and not character classes etc.) on the token stream string index. E.g. regex: (cs)?cp to express one or more group of chars followed by a punctuation. As I now can express self-defined tokens as regex, the next step was to build the grammar. This is only an example, this is sort of ABNF style: words = word | (word space)+ word word = CHARS+ space = WS punctuation = PUNCT If I now compile the grammar for words into a (token) regex I would like to have naturally all subgroup matches of each word. words = (CHARS+) | ( (CHARS+) WS )+ (CHARS+) # words resolved to tokens words = (c+)|((c+)s)+c+ # words resolved to regex I could code until this point. Then I ran into the problem that the sub-group matches did only contain their last match. So I have the option to either create an automata for the grammar on my own (which I would like to prevent to keep the grammar expressions generic) or to somewhat make preg_match working for me somehow so I can spare that. That's basically all. Probably now it's understandable why I simplified the question. Related: pcrepattern man page Get repeated matches with preg_match_all()

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• capistrano initial deployment

  - by Richard G

  I'm trying to set up Capistrano to deploy to an AWS box. This is the first time I've tried to set this up, so please bear with me. Could someone take a look at this and let me know if you can solve this error? The output below is the deploy.rb file, and it's output when it runs. set :application, "apparel1" set :repository, "git://github.com/rgilling/GroceryRun.git" set :scm, :git set :user, "ubuntu" set :scm_passphrase, "pre5ence" # Or: `accurev`, `bzr`, `cvs`, `darcs`, `git`, `mercurial`, `perforce`, `subversion` or `none` ssh_options[:keys] = ["/Users/rgilling/Documents/Projects/Apparel1/abesakey.pem"] ssh_options[:forward_agent] = true set :location, "ec2-107-22-27-42.compute-1.amazonaws.com" role :web, location # Your HTTP server, Apache/etc role :app, location # This may be the same as your `Web` server role :db, location, :primary => true # This is where Rails migrations will run set :deploy_to, "/var/www/#{application}" set :deploy_via, :remote_cache set :use_sudo, true # if you want to clean up old releases on each deploy uncomment this: # after "deploy:restart", "deploy:cleanup" # if you're still using the script/reaper helper you will need # these http://github.com/rails/irs_process_scripts # If you are using Passenger mod_rails uncomment this: namespace :deploy do task :start do ; end task :stop do ; end task :restart, :roles => :app, :except => { :no_release => true } do run "#{try_sudo} touch #{File.join(current_path,'tmp','restart.txt')}" end end Then the execution results in this permission error. I think I"ve set up the SSH etc. correctly... updating the cached checkout on all servers executing locally: "git ls-remote git://github.com/rgilling/GroceryRun.git HEAD" command finished in 1294ms * executing "if [ -d /var/www/apparel1/shared/cached-copy ]; then cd /var/www/apparel1/shared/cached-copy && git fetch -q origin && git fetch --tags -q origin && git reset -q --hard f35dc5868b52649eea86816d536d5db8c915856e && git clean -q -d -x -f; else git clone -q git://github.com/rgilling/GroceryRun.git /var/www/apparel1/shared/cached-copy && cd /var/www/apparel1/shared/cached-copy && git checkout -q -b deploy f35dc5868b52649eea86816d536d5db8c915856e; fi" servers: ["ec2-107-22-27-42.compute-1.amazonaws.com"] [ec2-107-22-27-42.compute-1.amazonaws.com] executing command ** **[ec2-107-22-27-42.compute-1.amazonaws.com :: err] error: cannot open .git/FETCH_HEAD: Permission denied**

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• MySQLi Insert prepared statement via PHP

  - by Jimmy

  Howdie do, This is my first time dealing with MySQLi inserts. I had always used mysql and directly ran the queries. Apparently, not as secure as MySQLi. Anywho, I'm attempting to pass two variables into the database. For some reason my prepared statement keeps erroring out. I'm not sure if it's a syntax error, but the insert just won't work. I've updated the code to make the variables easier to read Also, the error is specifically, Error preparing statement. I've updated the code, but it's not a pHP error. It's a MySQL error as the script runs but fails at the execution of: if($stmt = $mysqli - prepare("INSERT INTO subnets (id, subnet, mask, sectionId, description, vrfId, masterSubnetId, allowRequests, vlanId, showName, permissions, pingSubnet, isFolder, editDate) VALUES ('', ?, ?, '1', '', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '{"3":"1","2":"2"}', '0', '0', 'NULL')")) { I'm going to enable MySQL error checking. I honestly didn't know about that. <?php error_reporting(E_ALL); function InsertIPs($decimnal,$cidr) { error_reporting(E_ALL); $mysqli = new mysqli("localhost","jeremysd_ips","","jeremysd_ips"); if(mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Connection Failed: " . mysqli_connect_errno(); exit(); } if($stmt = $mysqli -> prepare("INSERT INTO subnets (id, subnet, mask,sectionId,description,vrfld,masterSubnetId,allowRequests,vlanId,showName,permissions,pingSubnet,isFolder,editDate) VALUES ('',?,?,'1','','0','0','0','0','0', '{'3':'1','2':'2'}', '0', '0', NULL)")) { $stmt-> bind_param('ii',$decimnal,$cidr); if($stmt-> execute()) { echo "Row added successfully\n"; } else { $stmt->error; } $stmt -> close; } } else { echo 'Error preparing statement'; } $mysqli -> close(); } $SUBNETS = array ("2915483648 | 18"); foreach($SUBNETS as $Ip) { list($TempIP,$TempMask) = explode(' | ',$Ip); echo InsertIPs($Tempip,$Tempmask); } ?> This function isn't supposed to return anything. It's just supposed to perform the Insert. Any help would be GREATLY appreciated. I'm just not sure what I'm missing here

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• The dynamic Type in C# Simplifies COM Member Access from Visual FoxPro

  - by Rick Strahl

  I’ve written quite a bit about Visual FoxPro interoperating with .NET in the past both for ASP.NET interacting with Visual FoxPro COM objects as well as Visual FoxPro calling into .NET code via COM Interop. COM Interop with Visual FoxPro has a number of problems but one of them at least got a lot easier with the introduction of dynamic type support in .NET. One of the biggest problems with COM interop has been that it’s been really difficult to pass dynamic objects from FoxPro to .NET and get them properly typed. The only way that any strong typing can occur in .NET for FoxPro components is via COM type library exports of Visual FoxPro components. Due to limitations in Visual FoxPro’s type library support as well as the dynamic nature of the Visual FoxPro language where few things are or can be described in the form of a COM type library, a lot of useful interaction between FoxPro and .NET required the use of messy Reflection code in .NET. Reflection is .NET’s base interface to runtime type discovery and dynamic execution of code without requiring strong typing. In FoxPro terms it’s similar to EVALUATE() functionality albeit with a much more complex API and corresponiding syntax. The Reflection APIs are fairly powerful, but they are rather awkward to use and require a lot of code. Even with the creation of wrapper utility classes for common EVAL() style Reflection functionality dynamically access COM objects passed to .NET often is pretty tedious and ugly. Let’s look at a simple example. In the following code I use some FoxPro code to dynamically create an object in code and then pass this object to .NET. An alternative to this might also be to create a new object on the fly by using SCATTER NAME on a database record. How the object is created is inconsequential, other than the fact that it’s not defined as a COM object – it’s a pure FoxPro object that is passed to .NET. Here’s the code: *** Create .NET COM InstanceloNet = CREATEOBJECT('DotNetCom.DotNetComPublisher') *** Create a Customer Object Instance (factory method) loCustomer = GetCustomer() loCustomer.Name = "Rick Strahl" loCustomer.Company = "West Wind Technologies" loCustomer.creditLimit = 9999999999.99 loCustomer.Address.StreetAddress = "32 Kaiea Place" loCustomer.Address.Phone = "808 579-8342" loCustomer.Address.Email = "[email protected]" *** Pass Fox Object and echo back values ? loNet.PassRecordObject(loObject) RETURN FUNCTION GetCustomer LOCAL loCustomer, loAddress loCustomer = CREATEOBJECT("EMPTY") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Name","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Company","") ADDPROPERTY(loCUstomer,"CreditLimit",0.00) ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Entered",DATETIME()) loAddress = CREATEOBJECT("Empty") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"StreetAddress","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Phone","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Email","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Address",loAddress) RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC Now prior to .NET 4.0 you’d have to access this object passed to .NET via Reflection and the method code to do this would looks something like this in the .NET component: public string PassRecordObject(object FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = (string) FoxObject.GetType().InvokeMember( "Company", BindingFlags.GetProperty,null, FoxObject,null); // using the easier ComUtils wrappers string Name = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Name"); // Getting Address object – then getting child properties object Address = ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Address");    string Street = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"StreetAddress"); // using ComUtils 'Ex' functions you can use . Syntax     string StreetAddress = (string) ComUtils.GetPropertyEx(FoxObject,"AddressStreetAddress"); return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + StreetAddress + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } Note that the FoxObject is passed in as type object which has no specific type. Since the object doesn’t exist in .NET as a type signature the object is passed without any specific type information as plain non-descript object. To retrieve a property the Reflection APIs like Type.InvokeMember or Type.GetProperty().GetValue() etc. need to be used. I made this code a little simpler by using the Reflection Wrappers I mentioned earlier but even with those ComUtils calls the code is pretty ugly requiring passing the objects for each call and casting each element. Using .NET 4.0 Dynamic Typing makes this Code a lot cleaner Enter .NET 4.0 and the dynamic type. Replacing the input parameter to the .NET method from type object to dynamic makes the code to access the FoxPro component inside of .NET much more natural: public string PassRecordObjectDynamic(dynamic FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = FoxObject.Company; // *** using the easier ComUtils class string Name = FoxObject.Name; // *** using ComUtils 'ex' functions to use . Syntax string Address = FoxObject.Address.StreetAddress; return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + Address + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } As you can see the parameter is of type dynamic which as the name implies performs Reflection lookups and evaluation on the fly so all the Reflection code in the last example goes away. The code can use regular object ‘.’ syntax to reference each of the members of the object. You can access properties and call methods this way using natural object language. Also note that all the type casts that were required in the Reflection code go away – dynamic types like var can infer the type to cast to based on the target assignment. As long as the type can be inferred by the compiler at compile time (ie. the left side of the expression is strongly typed) no explicit casts are required. Note that although you get to use plain object syntax in the code above you don’t get Intellisense in Visual Studio because the type is dynamic and thus has no hard type definition in .NET . The above example calls a .NET Component from VFP, but it also works the other way around. Another frequent scenario is an .NET code calling into a FoxPro COM object that returns a dynamic result. Assume you have a FoxPro COM object returns a FoxPro Cursor Record as an object: DEFINE CLASS FoxData AS SESSION OlePublic cAppStartPath = "" FUNCTION INIT THIS.cAppStartPath = ADDBS( JustPath(Application.ServerName) ) SET PATH TO ( THIS.cAppStartpath ) ENDFUNC FUNCTION GetRecord(lnPk) LOCAL loCustomer SELECT * FROM tt_Cust WHERE pk = lnPk ; INTO CURSOR TCustomer IF _TALLY < 1 RETURN NULL ENDIF SCATTER NAME loCustomer MEMO RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC ENDDEFINE If you call this from a .NET application you can now retrieve this data via COM Interop and cast the result as dynamic to simplify the data access of the dynamic FoxPro type that was created on the fly: int pk = 0; int.TryParse(Request.QueryString["id"],out pk); // Create Fox COM Object with Com Callable Wrapper FoxData foxData = new FoxData(); dynamic foxRecord = foxData.GetRecord(pk); string company = foxRecord.Company; DateTime entered = foxRecord.Entered; This code looks simple and natural as it should be – heck you could write code like this in days long gone by in scripting languages like ASP classic for example. Compared to the Reflection code that previously was necessary to run similar code this is much easier to write, understand and maintain. For COM interop and Visual FoxPro operation dynamic type support in .NET 4.0 is a huge improvement and certainly makes it much easier to deal with FoxPro code that calls into .NET. Regardless of whether you’re using COM for calling Visual FoxPro objects from .NET (ASP.NET calling a COM component and getting a dynamic result returned) or whether FoxPro code is calling into a .NET COM component from a FoxPro desktop application. At one point or another FoxPro likely ends up passing complex dynamic data to .NET and for this the dynamic typing makes coding much cleaner and more readable without having to create custom Reflection wrappers. As a bonus the dynamic runtime that underlies the dynamic type is fairly efficient in terms of making Reflection calls especially if members are repeatedly accessed. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in COM  FoxPro  .NET  CSharp  

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