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• How to allow password protected start-stop-daemon functionality?

  - by Mahmoud Abdelkader

  I would like to use Ubuntu's start-stop-daemon to start my application, but the application protects some sensitive information, so I have a mechanism where the application prompts for a password that's then used to generate a hashkey, which is used as the secret key for a symmetric encryption (AES) to encrypt and decrypt things from a database. I'd like to daemonize this application and have it run from start-stop-daemon, so that sudo service appname stop and sudo service appname start would work, but, I'm not sure how to go about doing this with the added complexity of a password prompt. Is there something that supports this or do I have to program it from scratch? I figured I should ask first before re-inventing the wheel. Thanks in advance.

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• Configuring linux server firewall to allow access from a certain range of IP addresses

  - by eggman20

  Hi Guys, I'm new to linux server. I'm currently trying to get an Ubuntu 10.10 server up and running for the first time and I'm using Webmin for administration. I'm stuck on the setting up the firewall. What I need to do is to ONLY allow a range of IPs (e.g 128.171.21.1 - 128.171.21.100) to access the HTTP server and Webmin. I've seen a lot of tutorials but none of them fits what I needed. Thanks in advance!

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• What is a good solution for an adaptive iptables daemon?

  - by Matt

  I am running a series of web servers and already have a pretty good set of firewall rules set up, however I'm looking for something to monitor the traffic and add rules as needed. I have denyhosts monitoring for bad SSH logins, and that's great - but I'd love something I could apply to the whole machine that would help prevent bute force attacks against my web applications as well, and add rules to block IPs that display evidence of common attacks. I've seen APF, but it looks as though it hasn't been updated in several years. Is it still in use and would it be good for this? Also, what other solutions are out there that would manipulate iptables to behave in some adaptive fashion? I'm running Ubuntu Linux, if that helps.

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• Setting permissions on user accounts

  - by Ron Porter

  We would like to lock a couple of accounts to prevent even domain admins from resetting the password without already knowing the current password. From what I can see in the permission sets, this looks possible. Anything I've found on the subject recommends against altering default permissions, but doesn't go into detail why. Assuming that domain admin retains the ability to reset passwords without knowing current passwords is it reasonable to prevent password resets on the domain admin account and maybe a couple of others? If not, why not?

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• CentOS: How to prevent a user from executing an application installed in a specific directory

  - by slayernoah

  I have an application installed in /etc/mydir. I have executed the following to remove the ability for users to execute this program. chown root:group1 /etc/mydir -R chmod 700 /etc/mydir -R I created a new user and logged in as this user. The new user was not added to group1 However, I was able to execute this program by just typing the program name. How can I stop users being able to run this using chmod and chown. Please let me know. PS. the new users cannot cd into /etc/mydir but they can still execute using the program name.

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• Hardening Word and Reader against exploits

  - by satuon

  I have recently heard a lot about exploits for PDF and DOC files on Windows, which when opened in Reader or Word would infect the computer. I'm assuming most of those exploits rely on some kind of active content, I've heard that Reader allows JavaScript for example. I already have antivirus, but I've heard they often don't catch those types of exploits, so I want to try a little proactive defense. Is there a way to harden Reader and Word by disabling plugins or options that are often used by exploits?

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• Router reporting failed admin login attempts from home server

  - by jeffora

  I recently noticed in the logs of my home router that it relatively regularly lists the following entry: [admin login failure] from source 192.168.0.160, Monday, June 20,2011 18:13:25 192.168.0.160 is the internal address of my home server, running Windows Home Server 2011. Is there anyway I can find out what specifically is trying to login to the router? Or is there some explanation for this behaviour? (not sure if this belongs here or on superuser...) [Update] I've run both Wireshark and netmon for a while on my home server. Wireshark captured the traffic, but didn't really show anything useful (or nothing I could make use of). A simple HTTP GET request is sent from the server (192.168.0.160) to the router (192.168.0.1), from a seemingly random port (I've seen examples from 50068, 52883), and it appears to do it twice in quick succession (incrementing port by 1), about every hour. Running netstat around the time of the failure didn't show anything (probably too long after anyway). I tried using netmon as it categorises by process, so I thought it might show a corresponding process for the port. Unfortunately, this comes in under the 'unknown' category, meaning it's basically just a slower, less useful Wireshark. I know there's not much to go on here, but does this help in anyway?

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• How do anti-viruses work?

  - by Phoshi

  So I was thinking about viruses recently, and wondering how exactly antiviruses keep up? Considering anybody who'd been coding for a few weeks could hack together something do do nasty, nasty things to somebody's PC, the quantity alone would make a simple list of hashes prohibitive, so how do antiviruses do it? Do they monitor process activity and have a 3 strikes rule for doing virus-like things? And if so, what's stopping it from triggering on perfectly harmless things (like me moving files around in \system32)? I did a bit of googling, but the regular places didn't particularly help, and I couldn't find a dupe here, so I thought it'd be good to ask :)

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• Can't connect back to the wireless network after the password was changed

  - by 7777

  Family changed the network password and some other network settings after new computers were brought into the house because apparently they wouldn't work with what we had. Actually an off-site tech remotely changed it, and I have no idea what he did. My laptop detects the network (it shows up under available networks) but whenever I try to connect it says: Windows is unable to connect to the selected network. The network may no longer be in range. Please refresh the list of available networks, and try to connect again. I wish I could give more details, config settings, but frankly I have no idea what I'm looking for. This is XP (also, not a password issue, I know the password, it's just that I have no idea where to enter it, etc.)

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• Locking down firmware to keep stolen laptop from being formatted?

  - by Matt Ridge

  On the Mac laptops there are ways through the terminal to lock down the computer so that if someone tries to format the computer they won't be able to do it without the password. This way locks down the firmware. Is there a universal way to do the same thing on a PC? I know there are brands out there such as Samsung, Dell, etc that utilize different fimware types, and in turn will mean that their firmware will be locked down differently. That being said is there a "command code" that will allow you to lock the firmware to keep theives from formatting the hard drive and wiping out your data? I know a person who has time, and knowledge can get any password, and hopefully the person is smart enough to use another password to lock down the firmware, but that's not what I'm asking. I'm asking if it's possible, and if so how? Does the standard PC user require a 3rd party app, or can it be done through the command line? Or Terminal if you are on Linux?

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• Got Hacked. Want to understand how.

  - by gaoshan88

  Someone has, for the second time, appended a chunk of javascript to a site I help run. This javascript hijacks Google adsense, inserting their own account number, and sticking ads all over. The code is always appended, always in one specific directory (one used by a third party ad program), affects a number of files in a number of directories inside this one ad dir (20 or so) and is inserted at roughly the same overnight time. The adsense account belongs to a Chinese website (located in a town not an hour from where I will be in China next month. Maybe I should go bust heads... kidding, sort of), btw... here is the info on the site: http://serversiders.com/fhr.com.cn So, how could they append text to these files? Is it related to the permissions set on the files (ranging from 755 to 644)? To the webserver user (it's on MediaTemple so it should be secure, yes?)? I mean, if you have a file that has permissions set to 777 I still can't just add code to it at will... how might they be doing this? Here is a sample of the actual code for your viewing pleasure (and as you can see... not much to it. The real trick is how they got it in there): <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-5465156513898836"; /* 728x90_as */ google_ad_slot = "4840387765"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> Since a number of folks have mentioned it, here is what I have checked (and by checked I mean I looked around the time the files were modified for any weirdness and I grepped the files for POST statements and directory traversals: access_log (nothing around the time except normal (i.e. excessive) msn bot traffic) error_log (nothing but the usual file does not exist errors for innocuous looking files) ssl_log (nothing but the usual) messages_log (no FTP access in here except for me)

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• Can someone access my locally ran website even if I haven't specified any port forwarding?

  - by user701510

  I am using Xampp so I can test my web application directly on my own computer. I am concerned that someone can access my Xampp site since I am still connected to the internet. However, I have NOT explicitly enabled any port forwarding with respect to my Xampp site in my router firewall settings. Furthermore, I am using a dynamic ip address. Given the factors already stated, can someone from outside my local network still access my locally ran website?

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• Window 2003 Server - Logon Failure error message in Event Viewer

  - by user45192

  Hi guys, I received alot of event logged in the event viewer with this message. I notice is always the same user id which encounters this error. The user id is use by an application to access the database. However, this account does not exits on this server. How do I trace the services/program use by this user id which causes these error messages? Reason=Unknown user name or bad password&&User Name=&&Domain=&&Logon Type=3&&Logon Process=NtLmSsp&&Authentication Package=NTLM&&Workstation Name=&&Caller User Name=-&&Caller Domain=-&&Caller Logon ID=-&&Caller Process ID=-&&Transited Services=-&&Source Network Address=-&&Source Port=-&&User=SYSTEM&&ComputerName=

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• Restrict Computer or Users from Internet but allow access to intranet and Windows Update / ePO?

  - by MoSiAc

  So this may be impossible but I've been asked to try and find something about it. So far nothing I have found is possible. I need to restrict specific machines or user accounts from regular Internet access but let them have access to the intranet portion of our network. I do not have Active Directory control, nor does anyone at my local workplace (corporate control in a different state). I have tried going through IPsec and doing this per local machine, but that system seems to have been removed from the images that are installed on these machines so that is out. So far the only other option I can think of is assigning the machines a specific ip address and removing their gateway access. This would probably work but the machines need to be able to receive updates that are being pushed to them through ePO and LanDesk. I would really like to do this on the user level because then if I need to do tech work to the machine and need internet access I can get to it but a "special" user could login and not be able to get into anything.

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• Isolating Apache virtualhosts from the rest of the system

  - by JesperB

  I am setting up a web server that will host a number of different web sites as Apache VirtualHosts, each of these will have the possibility to run scripts (primarily PHP, possiblu others). My question is how I isolate each of these VirtualHosts from eachother and from the rest of the system? I don't want e.g. website X to read the configuration of website Y or any of the server's "private" files. At the moment I have set up the VirtualHosts with FastCGI, PHP and SUExec as described here (http://x10hosting.com/forums/vps-tutorials/148894-debian-apache-2-2-fastcgi-php-5-suexec-easy-way.html), but the SUExec only prevents users from editing/executing files other than their own - the users can still read sensitive information such as config files. I have thought about removing the UNIX global read permission for all files on the server, as this would fix the above problem, but I'm not sure if I can safely do this without disrupting the server function. I also looked into using chroot, but it seems that this can only be done on a per-server basis, and not on a per-virtual-host basis. I'm looking for any suggestions that will isolate my VirtualHosts from the rest of the system. PS I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 server

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• Windows: View "all" permissions of a specific user or group

  - by peterchen

  For a Windows domain, is there a way to see for a certain user or group, where the user/group has permissions? Primarily: List which files / folders the user can access on a certain network share. (Kind of a recursive "effective permissions") However, other permissions would be cool as well. I believe I've seen such a tool in action, but I can't remember anything beyond that - so this might be a false memory. Recommendations?

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• Is RC4 128bit strong enough? [closed]

  - by al nik

  I notice that services like Gmail use RC4 128 bit as encryption. What is RC4 encryption? Is 128-bit RC4 strong enough by today's encryption standards?

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• Router reporting failed admin login attempts from home server

  - by jeffora

  I recently noticed in the logs of my home router that it relatively regularly lists the following entry: [admin login failure] from source 192.168.0.160, Monday, June 20,2011 18:13:25 192.168.0.160 is the internal address of my home server, running Windows Home Server 2011. Is there anyway I can find out what specifically is trying to login to the router? Or is there some explanation for this behaviour? (not sure if this belongs here or on superuser...)

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• TCP: Treason uncloaked!

  - by hurikhan77

  On one linux server (Gentoo hardened), we are experiencing bursts of the following messages in dmesg from time to time: TCP: Treason uncloaked! Peer xx.xx.xxx.xxx:65039/80 shrinks window 4094157295:4094160199. Repaired. Is there anything we should take care of or is this normal?

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• Manually start screensaver with password protect

  - by gibberish

  Windows 7 I wish to manually lock the computer so I placed a shortcut to scrnsave.exe on the desktop. (I do not want the user to use Ctrl+Alt+Del -- Lock This Computer for various reasons) Problem is that when double-clicked, the screen saver starts but it's not password protected. However, in Personalization -- Screen Saver, that same screen saver is the selected one and it IS configured to display logon screen upon resume. And that works when Windows starts the screen saver. So how can I cause "On resume, display logon screen" behavior by manually starting a screen saver? (Scripting is an option if I know what to do.)

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• .htaccess redirection resulting alias plus directory name

  - by austin cheney

  I am using .htaccess file to redirect all web traffic in a folder to ssl, because the directory prompts users for a login. When a user logs in they are redirected from https://subdir.mailmarkup.org/ to https://subdir.mailmarkup.org/~homedir/subdir. I want users to be redirected from http to https, and this is occuring successfully, however, I do not want users redirected from the first path mentioned above to the second. How do I prevent this?

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• How to deny deleting folders in share

  - by alexandr

  Sometimes, users move folders from share. They're need "write" access to write file to share. How to prevent folder lossing?

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• How would you change a home wireless router with a self-signed admin site certificate to be more secure?

  - by jldugger

  littleblackbox is publishing "private keys" that are accessible on publicly available firmwares. Debian calls these "snake-oil" certs. Most of these routers are securing their HTTPS certs with these, and as I think about it, I've never seen one of these internal admin websites with certs that wasn't self signed. Given a webserver on IP 192.168.1.1, how do you secure it to the point that Firefox doesn't offer warnings (and is still secured)?

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• Could it be that "chkrootkit" just doesn't like .hmac, .packlist, and .relocation-tag files?

  - by Danijel

  I just cleaned up my hacked CentOS server (due to not updating since versino 5.3). But still, "chkrootkit" says this: Possible t0rn v8 \(or variation\) rootkit installed /usr/lib/.libfipscheck.so.1.1.0.hmac /usr/lib/.libgcrypt.so.11.hmac /usr/lib/.libfipscheck.so.1.hmac /lib/.libcrypto.so.0.9.8e.hmac /lib/.libssl.so.0.9.8e.hmac /lib/.libssl.so.6.hmac /lib/.libcrypto.so.6.hmac /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/Text/Iconv/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/HTML-Tree/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/Font/AFM/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/MLDBM/Sync/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/MLDBM/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/FreezeThaw/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/Apache/ASP/.packlist /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/HTML-Format/.packlist /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/immodules/.relocation-tag /usr/lib/python2.4/plat-linux2/.relocation-tag /usr/lib/python2.4/distutils/.relocation-tag /usr/lib/python2.4/config/.relocation-tag Could it be that "chkrootkit" just doesn't like .hmac, .packlist, and .relocation-tag files? Are these realy still infected?

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• Attack from anonymous proxy

  - by mmgn

  We got attacked by some very-bored teenagers registering in our forums and posting very explicit material using anonymous proxy websites, like http://proxify.com/ Is there a way to check the registration IP against a black list database? Has anyone experienced this and had success?

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