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  • How to print "Hello, world!" (in every possible way)

    - by Attila Oláh
    Here's what I', trying to do: 1 language: (Python < 3): print "Hello, world!" 2 languages: (Python < 3 & Windows Shell, aka .bat file): rem=""" echo "Hello, world!" exit """ print "Hello, world!" Next step could be something like bash. Since the above one raises an exception, I tried to make it not raise exceptions, like this: rem=""" echo "Hello, world!" exit """ exit="" exit print "Hello, world!" The only issue is, of course, it won't print the hello world. And I really want it to print that hello world for me. Anyone can help with this? Also, any other language would do it, just don't break the previous ones (i.e. the answer still has to be valid Python code and print out the nice hello world greeting when run with Python.) Any ideas are welcome. I'm making this a community wiki so feel free to add ideas to the list.

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  • What is the right approach to checksumming UDP packets

    - by mr.b
    I'm building UDP server application in C#. I've come across a packet checksum problem. As you probably know, each packet should carry some simple way of telling receiver if packet data is intact. Now, UDP already has 2-byte checksum as part of header, which is optional, at least in IPv4 world. Alternative method is to have custom checksum as part of data section in each packet, and to verify it on receiver. My question boils down to: is it better to rely on (optional) checksum in UDP packet header, or to make a custom checksum implementation as part of packet data section? Perhaps the right answer depends on circumstances (as usual), so one circumstance here is that, even though code is written and developed in .NET on Windows, it might have to run under platform-independent Mono.NET, so eventual solution should be compatible with other platforms. I believe that custom checksum algorithm would be easily portable, but I'm not so sure about the first one. Any thoughts? Also, shouts about packet checksumming in general are welcome.

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  • Is Haskell "mainstream", or is it mainly used by hobbyists and academics?

    - by Asher
    I came across a post where someone wrote something inaccurate about Haskell (won't go into it) and he got flammed for it. Which (pleasantly) surprised me. About 3 years ago I read this joke about Haskell: All the haskell programmers in the world can fit into a 747 and if that plane were to crash no one would care... or something along those lines. Which brings me to my question: how healthy is the Haskell community, anyway? Is Haskell "mainstream"? Is it mainly used by hobbiest and academics or someone making some serious money from it (which is the true yardstick of how good a language is - just kidding, geez!)?

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  • Difference between 'scope' and 'namespace'?

    - by katriel
    What is the difference, in general, between the concepts of namespaces and scope? To my understanding, both describe the parts of a program in which a variable/object/method/function will be accessible. I understand that 'scope' tends to be a property of the variable (e.g., "This variable has global scope"), while a 'namespace' is a property of the program (e.g., "A Python function creates a local namespace"). Are there other differences? Global scope vs global namespace addresses a slightly narrower question: global namespaces in C++. http://www.alan-g.me.uk/tutor/tutname.htm states, There are a few very subtle differences between the terms but only a Computer Scientist pedant would argue with you, and for our purposes namespace and scope are identical. What are those subtle differences? Under what circumstances or with which kinds of languages do people use each concept?

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  • Communication protocols in UDP

    - by Betamoo
    After many hours, I have discovered that the given udp server needs the following steps for a successful communication: 1- Send "Start Message" on a given port 2- Wait to receive from server on any port 3- Then the port dedicated to you to send further data to the server equals the port you have received on it + 1 So I am asking if this kind is a known protocol/handshaking, or it is only special to this server?? PS: All above communication were in udp sockets in C# PS: Related to a previous question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2757868/about-c-udp-sockets Thanks

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  • how/resources to compile a procedural language into [sql]

    - by Philip
    I am looking into the possibility/feasibility/resources for building a cross compiler which takes a procedural or Object Oriented language like C, or Java and compiling it into SQL. I understand that the advantage of SQL code is performing set operations which is fundamentally different from procedural languages which generally process 1 at a time. If anyone has done this before, or if it is thought of as too complicated to do or any other ideas/concerns/suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance Philip

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  • Quantum PSO and Charged PSO (PSO = Particle Swarm Optimizer)

    - by The Elite Gentleman
    Hi Guys I need to implement PSO's (namely charged and quantum PSO's). My questions are these: What Velocity Update strategy do each PSO's use (Synchronous or Asynchronous particle update) What social networking topology does each of the PSO's use (Von Neumann, Ring, Star, Wheel, Pyramid, Four Clusters) For now, these are my issues. All your help will be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • how to access class and its functions from another class

    - by vbNewbie
    This is my first major application using multiple classes. It is written in vb and I know about creating objects of the class and using that instance to call functions of the class. But how do I create an object with constructors to allow another program written in C# to access my classes and functions and accept things from the program. Hope this makes sense.

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  • Problem with a blocking network task

    - by user326967
    Hello everyone. I'm new in Java so please forgive any obscene errors that I may make :) I'm developing a program in Java that among other things it should also handle clients that will connect to a server. The server has 3 threads running, and I have created them in the following way : DaemonForUI du; DaemonForPort da; DaemonForCheck dc; da = new DaemonForPort(3); dc = new DaemonForCheck(5); du = new DaemonForUI(7); Thread t_port = new Thread(da); Thread t_check = new Thread(dc); Thread t_ui = new Thread(du); t_port.setName("v1.9--PORTd"); t_check.setName("v1.9-CHECKd"); t_ui.setName("v1.9----UId"); t_port.start(); t_check.start(); t_ui.start(); Each thread handles a different aspect of the complete program. The thread t_ui is responsible to accept asynchronous incoming connections from clients, process the sent data and send other data back to the client. When I remove all the commands from the previous piece of code that has to with the t_ui thread, everything runs ok which in my case means that the other threads are printing their debug messages. If I set the t_ui thread to run too, then the whole program blocks at the "accept" of the t_ui thread. After reading at online manuals I saw that the accepted connections should be non-blocking, therefore use something like that : public ServerSocketChannel ssc = null; ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open(); ssc.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port)); ssc.configureBlocking(false); SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept(); if (sc == null) { ; } else { System.out.println("The server and client are connected!"); System.out.println("Incoming connection from: " + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress()); in = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(sc.socket().getInputStream())); out = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(sc.socket().getOutputStream())); //other magic things take place after that point... The thread for t_ui is created as follows : class DaemonForUI implements Runnable{ private int cnt; private int rr; public ListenerForUI serverListener; public DaemonForUI(int rr){ cnt = 0; this.rr = rr; serverListener = new ListenerForUI(); } public static String getCurrentTime() { final String DATE_FORMAT_NOW = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT_NOW); return (sdf.format(cal.getTime())); } public void run() { while(true) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t (" + cnt + ")\t (every " + rr + " sec) @ " + getCurrentTime()); try{ Thread.sleep(rr * 1000); cnt++; } catch (InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } } Obviously, I'm doing something wrong at the creation of the socket or at the use of the thread. Do you know what is causing the problem? Every help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Relational Clausal Logic question: what is a Herbrand interpretation

    - by anotherstat
    I'm having a hard time coming to grips with relational clausal logic, and I'm not sure if this is the place to ask but it would be help me so much with revision if anyone could provide guidance with the following questions. Let P be the program: academic(X); student(X); other_staff(X):- works_in(X, university). :-student(john). :-other_staff(john). works_in(john, university) Question: Which are the Herbrand interpreations of P? AS

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  • Multiple Socket Connections

    - by BSchlinker
    I need to write a server which accepts connections from multiple client machines, maintains track of connected clients and sends individual clients data as necessary. Sometimes, all clients may be contacted at once with the same message, other times, it may be one individual client or a group of clients. Since I need confirmation that the clients received the information and don't want to build an ACK structure for a UDP connection, I decided to use a TCP streaming method. However, I've been struggling to understand how to maintain multiple connections and keep them idle. I seem to have three options. Use a fork for each incoming connection to create a separate child process, use pthread_create to create an entire new thread for each process, or use select() to wait on all open socket IDs for a connection. Recommendations as to how to attack this? I've begun working with pthreads but since performance will likely not be an issue, multicore processing is not necessary and perhaps there is a simpler way.

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  • Any ideas on How to search a 2D array quickly?

    - by Tattat
    I jave a 2D array like this, just like a matrix: {{1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6}, {8, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2}, {8, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2}, //code skips... ... } I want to get all the "4" position, instead of searching the array one by way, and return the position, how can I search it faster / more efficient? thz in advance.

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  • Breadth-First in Prolog

    - by Ricardo
    What is the general idea of using breadth-first over the default depth-first search scheme in Prolog? Not taking infinite branches? Is there any general way to use breadth-first in Prolog? I've been googling around and I didn't find too much useful info for a novice.

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  • .Net4 ConcurrentDictionary: Tips & Tricks

    - by SDReyes
    Hi guys, I started to use the new ConcurrentDictionary from .Net4 yesterday to implement a simple caching for a threading project. But I'm wondering what I have to take care of/be careful about when using it? What have been your experiences using it?

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  • Python: Cannot concatenate str and NoneType objects

    - by Chase Higgins
    sql = """ INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] VALUES( '""" + self.accountNo + """', '""" + self.altName + """', '""" + self.address1 + """', '""" + self.address2 + """', '""" + self.city + """', '""" + self.state + """', '""" + self.zipCode + """', '""" + self.phone1 + """', '""" + self.phone2 + """', '""" + self.fax + """', '""" + self.contactName + """', '""" + self.contactEmail + """', '""" + self.prize_id + """', '""" + self.shipping + """', '""" + self.chairTempPass + """', '""" + self.studentCount + """' ) """; I have the following code and Python keeps throwing the error that it cannon concatenate strings and nonetype objects. The thing is I have verified every variable here is in fact a string and is not null. I have been stuck on this for quite some time today, and any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Java: Is clone() really ever used? What about defensive copying in getters/setters?

    - by GreenieMeanie
    Do people practically ever use defensive getters/setters? To me, 99% of the time you intend for the object you set in another object to be a copy of the same object reference, and you intend for changes you make to it to also be made in the object it was set in. If you setDate(Date dt) and modify dt later, who cares? Unless I want some basic immutable data bean that just has primitives and maybe something simple like a Date, I never use it. As far as clone, there are issues as to how deep or shallow the copy is, so it seems kind of "dangerous" to know what is going to come out when you clone an Object. I think I have only used clone() once or twice, and that was to copy the current state of the object because another thread (ie another HTTP request accessing the same object in Session) could be modifying it. Edit - A comment I made below is more the question: But then again, you DID change the Date, so it's kind of your own fault, hence whole discussion of term "defensive". If it is all application code under your own control among a small to medium group of developers, will just documenting your classes suffice as an alternative to making object copies? Or is this not necessary, since you should always assume something ISN'T copied when calling a setter/getter?

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  • iPhone - Browsing iPhone files through computer

    - by quano
    I want to be able to send files from an iPhone app to a computer. What would be the easiest way of doing this? I've made simple server client programs before, but in those, the client has always needed to connect to the server before being able to receive messages from it. There is an app for the iPhone called iSimulate, where you put a server on a Mac (the iPhone simulator), and then you use the iSimulate app of an iTouch or iPhone to send touch events to the server. This app does not require you to type in an ip-address. Instead it presents a list of available computers that have this server up and running. How exactly is this being done? Can a server broadcast a message over a network, w/o anyone being connected to the server? How does that work? How does a client listen for that broadcast? Here's a video of the app I'm talking about: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N3Qpd1ycZh4

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  • packet mmap send packet format

    - by SeregASM
    I want to improve packet transmitting performance. Before that I used raw sockets and now I study packet_mmap. I have packets(frames) which I already captured from kernel module from another PC, put to current PC and now I want to retransmit them to local interface with following forwarding. I have got example of packet_mmap, integrated it to my project, but I send fd_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL)); memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = PF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL); strcpy(str_devname, "eth0"); strncpy(s_ifr.ifr_name, str_devname, sizeof(s_ifr.ifr_name)); ec = ioctl(fd_socket, SIOCGIFINDEX, &s_ifr); i_ifindex = s_ifr.ifr_ifindex; memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = AF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = ETH_P_ALL; my_addr.sll_ifindex = i_ifindex; bind(fd_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll) s_packet_req.tp_block_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_frame_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_block_nr = c_buffer_nb; s_packet_req.tp_frame_nr = c_buffer_nb; size = s_packet_req.tp_block_size * s_packet_req.tp_block_nr; if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_TX_RING, (char *) &s_packet_req, sizeof(s_packet_req)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt: PACKET_TX_RING"); return; } if (c_sndbuf_sz) { printf("send buff size = %d\n", c_sndbuf_sz); if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &c_sndbuf_sz, sizeof(c_sndbuf_sz)) < 0){ perror("getsockopt: SO_SNDBUF"); exit(1); } } data_offset = TPACKET_HDRLEN - sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll); printf("data offset = %d bytes\n", data_offset); ps_header_start = (tpacket_hdr *) mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd_socket, 0); if (ps_header_start == (void*) -1) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } Then I fill data ps_header = ((struct tpacket_hdr *) ((char *) ps_header_start + (c_buffer_sz * i_index))); if (!ps_header) { perror("ps_header") ; return NULL; } data = ((char*) ps_header) + data_offset; switch ((volatile uint32_t) ps_header->tp_status) { case TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE: printf("TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE, index=%d\n",i_index) ; memcpy(data, packet_data, size); pthread_mutex_lock(&index_locker) ; i_index++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&index_locker) ; if (i_index >= c_buffer_nb) { i_index = 0; first_loop = 0; } /* update packet len */ ps_header->tp_len = size; /* set header flag to USER (trigs xmit)*/ ps_header->tp_status = TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST; then I send ec_send = sendto(fd_socket, NULL, 0, 0, (struct sockaddr *) ps_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); I have got no errors, ec_send=not null size of sended data. But there are no data routed to destination host. So, I ask - what data I should pass to ring buffer, now I include headers ip,tcp, should I include MAC header? - May be I have to set additional flags to route my packets.

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