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• Physical effects of long term keyboard use- what does the science say and what factors affect it?

  - by glenatron

  This question asks about the ergonomics of a particular keyboard for long programming hours, what I would like to know is about the ergonomics of using a keyboard in general. What are the most significant risks associated with it and how can they best be mitigated? Do the "ergonomic" keyboard designs make a difference and if so which design is most effective? If not do other factors such as wrist-rests, regular exercise or having a suitable height of chair or desk make a difference? Do you have any direct experience of problems deriving from keyboard use and if so how did you resolve them? Is there any good science on this and if so what does it indicate? Edited to add: Wikipedia suggests that there are no proven advantages to "ergonomic" keyboards, but their citation seems pretty old- is that still the current state of play?

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• Web Service - SOAP

  - by seth

  My experience with web services is slim and I'm trying to understand this a little bit more. I have done for instance a web service using visual studio. In order to use it, I add a web service reference in my projects and this creates a proxy and the use is pretty simple. Does this use SOAP? I ask this because i will be now facing a web service that i must communicate using SOAP with attachements and i'm trying to understand the concept behind this and the difference to what i have done so far. Will the proxy still be viable or do i need to create the XML by hand and post it to the web service? This concepts still confuse and so any help is appreciated. EDIT: I'm not developing the service, i will be just using it.

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• What are the licensing issues involved in the Oracle/Apache java dispute?

  - by Chris Knight

  I've just started following with interest the soap opera involving Oracle's acquisition of Java and the detriment of goodwill it seems to have generated in the open source community. Specifically, I'm now trying to get my head around the implications of Oracle's decision to refuse Apache an open source license for Harmony. My questions: 1) What is Harmony anyway? Their website states "Apache Harmony software is a modular Java runtime with class libraries and associated tools". How is this different than J2SE or J2EE? Or is Harmony akin to Andriod? 2) The crux of this issue is around the Java Technology Compatibility Kit (or TCK) which certifies that your implementation adheres to the JSR specifications. If I understand correctly, Oracle refuse to offer free or open source license access to the TCK, denying projects like Harmony from being released as open source. Why is this such a big deal for Apache? E.g. why can't (or don't) they release Harmony under a restricted license? 3) From this site is the following quote: It looks like Oracle’s plan is to restrict deployments of Java implementations in certain markets, particularly on mobile platforms, so that it can monetize its own Java offering in those markets without any competition. Presumably anything Oracle produced would be subject to the same restrictions it is imposing on others with respect to end-technology licensing, so how could they get a leg up on the competition? While no doubt distateful, wouldn't other competitors such as Google or Apache be able to release competing platforms under the same license as Oracle?

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• Which iPhone ad API has produced the highest revenue for you?

  - by Kyle Humfeld

  This isn't a technical question, but more of a request for advice and empirical/anecdotal data. I'm nearly done writing a free app for iPhone, and I'm at the stage where I'm going to put ads into the app. I've had mixed success in the past with iAd (their fill rates have been atrocious recently, and their payouts have cut by about 75% over the past 4 months or so), and would like to know how much ad revenue you, the community, has seen from the various ad APIs you've used for your iPhone apps. This isn't a request for opinion, i.e. which is 'better', only what kinds of numbers you're seeing. I don't need absolute figures, but 'iAd pays x% higher than AdMob, and y% lower than AdSense' would be extremely helpful to me as I make my decision as to which ad API to integrate into my App. Also, have you had any experience or success with integrating multiple ad APIs into the same app? That's something I'm considering doing in my current iAd-filled apps (particularly my iPad app, which has yet to receive a single impression after nearly 60,000 requests)... something like: 1) Request-from-iAd 2) if that fails, request-from-adSense 3) if that fails, request-from-adMob 4) if that fails, ... etc.

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• Which iPhone ad API has produced the highest revenue for you?

  - by Kyle Humfeld

  This isn't a technical question, but more of a request for advice and empirical/anecdotal data. I'm nearly done writing a free app for iPhone, and I'm at the stage where I'm going to put ads into the app. I've had mixed success in the past with iAd (their fill rates have been atrocious recently, and their payouts have cut by about 75% over the past 4 months or so), and would like to know how much ad revenue you, the community, has seen from the various ad APIs you've used for your iPhone apps. This isn't a request for opinion, i.e. which is 'better', only what kinds of numbers you're seeing. I don't need absolute figures, but 'iAd pays x% higher than AdMob, and y% lower than AdSense' would be extremely helpful to me as I make my decision as to which ad API to integrate into my App. Also, have you had any experience or success with integrating multiple ad APIs into the same app? That's something I'm considering doing in my current iAd-filled apps (particularly my iPad app, which has yet to receive a single impression after nearly 60,000 requests)... something like: 1) Request-from-iAd 2) if that fails, request-from-adSense 3) if that fails, request-from-adMob 4) if that fails, ... etc.

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• Which programming language for text editing?

  - by Ali

  I need a programming language for text editing and processing (replace, formatting, regex, string comparison, word processing, text analysis, etc). Which programming language is more powerful and has more functions for this purpose? Since I work PHP for my web projects, I currently use PHP; but the fact is that PHP is a scripting language for web applications, my current project is offline. I am curious if other programming languages such as Perl, Python, C, C++, Java, etc have more functionality for this purpose, and worth of shifting the project?

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• Continuous integration - build Debug and Release every time?

  - by Darian Miller

  Is it standard practice when setting up a Continuous Integration server to build a Debug and Release version of each project? Most of the time developers code with a Debug mode project configuration set enabled and there could be different library path configurations, compiler defines, or other items configured differently between Debug/Release that would cause them to act differently. I configured my CI server to build both Debug & Release of each project and I'm wondering if I'm just overthinking it. My assumption is that I'll do this as long as I can get quick feedback and once that happens, then push the Release off to a nightly build perhaps. Is there a 'standard' way of approaching this?

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• creating a google wave clone using php/mysql/jquery

  - by jeansymolanza

  seasons greetings to all. i have a question that has been rather bugging me as of late. does anyone know how one can create a google wave clone using php/mysql/jquery as primary points of development. any ideas on how this might be possible and recommend any starting points? i have some time off work and it would be an interesting project to undertake as i want to use it in an e-learning framework next year. i will be testing the product on a XAMPP local server. i understand some of the technologies that google wave using but i am rather curious as to how these can be developed to a decent standard using php/mysql/jquery (i mention these three because i am quite adept at them). any links to resources best suited to an intermediate programmer would be appreciated. many thanks and God bless. so far i have this: http://konrness.com/javascript/google-wave-style-scroll-bar-jquery-plugin/

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• Ways of Gathering Event Information From the Internet

  - by Ciwan

  What are the best ways of gathering information on events (any type) from the internet ? Keeping in mind that different websites will present information in different ways. I was thinking 'smart' web crawlers, but that can turn out to be extremely challenging, simply because of the hugely varied ways that different sites present their information. Then I was thinking of sifting through the official twitter feeds of organisations, people with knowledge of events .. etc and look for the event hash tag, grab the tweet and dissect it to grab the relevant information about the event. Information I am interested in gathering is: Date and Time of Event, Address where Event is being held, and any Celebrities (or any famous people) attending the event (if any). The reason to ask here is my hope that experienced folk will open my eyes to things I've missed, which I am sure I have.

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• When should we use weak entities when modelling a database?

  - by Songo

  This is basically a question about what are weak entities? When should we use them? How should they be modeled? What is the main difference between normal entities and weak entities? Does weak entities correspond to value objects when doing Domain Driven Design? To help keep the question on topic here is an example taken from Wikipedia that people can use to answer these question: In this example OrderItem was modeled as a weak entity, but I can't understand why it can't be modeled as a normal entity. Another question is what if I want to track the order history (i.e. the changes in it status) would that be a normal or weak entity?

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• Is there any reason to use "plain old data" classes?

  - by Michael

  In legacy code I occasionally see classes that are nothing but wrappers for data. something like: class Bottle { int height; int diameter; Cap capType; getters/setters, maybe a constructor } My understanding of OO is that classes are structures for data and the methods of operating on that data. This seems to preclude objects of this type. To me they are nothing more than structs and kind of defeat the purpose of OO. I don't think it's necessarily evil, though it may be a code smell. Is there a case where such objects would be necessary? If this is used often, does it make the design suspect?

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• One page using querystring or many folders and pages?

  - by ClarkeyBoy

  I have an application where I have the 'core' code in one folder for which there is a virtual directory in the root, such that I can include any core files using /myApp/core/bla.asp. I then have two folders outside of this with a default.asp which currently use the querystring to define what page should be displayed. One page is for general users, the other will only be accessible to users who have permission to manage users / usergroups / permissions. The core code checks the querystring and then checks the permissions for that user. An example of this as it is now is default.asp?action=view&viewtype=list&objectid=server. I am not worried about SEO as this is an internal app and uses Windows Auth. My question is, is it better the way it is now or would it be better to have something like the following: /server/view/list/ /server/view/?id=123 /server/create/ /server/edit/?id=123 /server/remove/?id=123 In the above folders I would have a home page which defines all the variables which are currently determined by the querystring - in /server/create/ for example, I would define the action as 'create', object name as 'server' and so on. In terms of future development, I really have no idea which method would be best. I think the 2nd method would be best in terms of following what page does what but this is such a huge change to make at this stage that I would really like some opinions, preferably based on experience. PS Sorry if the tags are wrong - I am new to this forum and thought this was a bit too much of a discussion for StackOverflow as that is very much right / wrong answer based. I got the idea SE is more discussion based.

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• What's the best practice for async APIs that return futures on Scala?

  - by Maurício Linhares

  I have started a project to write an async PostgreSQL driver on Scala and to be async, I need to accept callbacks and use futures, but then accepting a callback and a future makes the code cumbersome because you always have to send a callback even if it is useless. Here's a test: "insert a row in the database" in { withHandler { (handler, future) => future.get(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS) handler.sendQuery( this.create ){ query => }.get( 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS ) handler.sendQuery( this.insert ){ query => }.get( 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS ).rowsAffected === 1 } } Sending the empty callback is horrible but I couldn't find a way to make it optional or anything like that, so right now I don't have a lot of ideas on how this external API should look like. It could be something like: handler.sendQuery( this.create ).addListener { query => println(query) } But then again, I'm not sure how people are organizing API's in this regard. Providing examples in other projects would also be great.

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• How to prepare for the GRE Computer Science Subject Test?

  - by Maddy.Shik

  How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? I want to score as competitively as possible. What are some good references? Is there anything that top schools like CMU, MIT, and Standford would expect? For example, Cormen et al is considered very good for algorithms. Please tell me standard text books for each subject covered by the test, like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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• Design Anti-Patterns - C# - Do you call this a God object?

  - by Reddy S R

  I am writing Portfolio module for my web site and it has 3 components. Gallery Category, Gallery, & Gallery Images. I am doing all the request handling, (creating, reading, updating, other), for the above 3 components in 1 class, Portfolio. DB handling jobs for Portfolio module is done in another file. My question is, even just for request handling purpose, can you do all the operations in 1 class? -Reddy

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• Non-zero exit status for clean exit

  - by trinithis

  Is it acceptable to return a non-zero exit code if the program in question ran properly? For example, say I have a simple program that (only) does the following: Program takes N arguments. It returns an exit code of min(N, 255). Note that any N is valid for the program. A more realistic program might return different codes for successfully ran programs that signify different things. Should these programs instead write this information to a stream instead, such as to stdout?

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• Fastest way to get up to speed on webapp development with ASP.NET?

  - by leeand00

  I'm trying to get better at C# ASP.NET 3.5 development (...no none of that MVC stuff :), and fast! My boss gave me a book to read on it from Wrox, but the thing reads like a history novel, telling you how things worked as far back as ASP.NET 1.0; The web application we are developing is completely in ASP.NET 3.5 so I don't need to read through any of the history (maybe I'm wrong about that...but I don't really have the time to read about that...) Do you have any suggestions for a faster (book, series of tutorials) to come up to speed on it? I'd like to learn about UI components, database access, etc... P.S. In a previous position I was an JSP/J2EE developer (and I used MVC all the time! :-D) P.S.S. I did take a course on it in 2008 at some point, but it seemed all very pointy and clickly. I wanna learn the code stuff! The how it works, and where the events are!

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• Is the C programming language still used?

  - by Pankaj Upadhyay

  I am a C# programmer, and most of my development is for websites along with a few Windows application. As far as C goes, I haven't used it in a long time, as there was no need to. It came to me as a surprise when one of my friends said that she needs to learn C for testing jobs, while I was helping her learn C#. I figured that someone would only learn C for testing only if there is development done in C. In my knowledge, all the development related to COM and hardware design are also done in C++. Therefore, learning C doesn't make sense if you need to use C++. I also don't believe in historic significance, so why waste time and money in learning C? Is C is still used in any kind of new software development or anything else?

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• What C++ coding standard do you use?

  - by gablin

  For some time now, I've been unable to settle on a coding standard and use it concistently between projects. When starting a new project, I tend to change some things around (add a space there, remove a space there, add a line break there, an extra indent there, change naming conventions, etc.). So I figured that I might provide a piece of sample code, in C++, and ask you to rewrite it to fit your standard of coding. Inspiration is always good, I say. ^^ So here goes: #ifndef _DERIVED_CLASS_H__ #define _DERIVED_CLASS_H__ /** * This is an example file used for sampling code layout. * * @author Firstname Surname */ #include <stdio> #include <string> #include <list> #include "BaseClass.h" #include "Stuff.h" /** * The DerivedClass is completely useless. It represents uselessness in all its * entirety. */ class DerivedClass : public BaseClass { //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // CONSTRUCTORS / DESTRUCTORS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public: /** * Constructs a useless object with default settings. * * @param value * Is never used. * @throws Exception * If something goes awry. */ DerivedClass (const int value) : uselessSize_ (0) {} /** * Constructs a copy of a given useless object. * * @param object * Object to copy. * @throws OutOfMemoryException * If necessary data cannot be allocated. */ ItemList (const DerivedClass& object) {} /** * Destroys this useless object. */ ~ItemList (); //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PUBLIC METHODS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public: /** * Clones a given useless object. * * @param object * Object to copy. * @return This useless object. */ DerivedClass& operator= (const DerivedClass& object) { stuff_ = object.stuff_; uselessSize_ = object.uselessSize_; } /** * Does absolutely nothing. * * @param useless * Pointer to useless data. */ void doNothing (const int* useless) { if (useless == NULL) { return; } else { int womba = *useless; switch (womba) { case 0: cout << "This is output 0"; break; case 1: cout << "This is output 1"; break; case 2: cout << "This is output 2"; break; default: cout << "This is default output"; break; } } } /** * Does even less. */ void doEvenLess () { int mySecret = getSecret (); int gather = 0; for (int i = 0; i < mySecret; i++) { gather += 2; } } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRIVATE METHODS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// private: /** * Gets the secret value of this useless object. * * @return A secret value. */ int getSecret () const { if ((RANDOM == 42) && (stuff_.size() > 0) || (1000000000000000000 > 0) && true) { return 420; } else if (RANDOM == -1) { return ((5 * 2) + (4 - 1)) / 2; } int timer = 100; bool stopThisMadness = false; while (!stopThisMadness) { do { timer--; } while (timer > 0); stopThisMadness = true; } } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // FIELDS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// private: /** * Don't know what this is used for. */ static const int RANDOM = 42; /** * List of lists of stuff. */ std::list <Stuff> stuff_; /** * Specifies the size of this object's uselessness. */ size_t uselessSize_; }; #endif

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• Python C API return more than one value / object

  - by Grisu

  I got the following problem. I have written a C-Extension to Python to interface a self written software library. Unfortunately I need to return two values from the C function where the last one is optional. In Python the equivalent is def func(x,y): return x+y, x-y test = func(13,4) #only the first value is used In my C extension I use return Py_BuildValue("ii",x+y,x-y); which results in a tuple. If I now try to access the return value from Python via test2 = cfunc(13,4) print(test2) I got a tuple instead of only the first return value. How is possible to build the same behavior as in Python from C Extension?

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• How do developers verify that software requirement changes in one system do not violate a requirement of downstream software systems?

  - by Peter Smith

  In my work, I do requirements gathering, analysis and design of business solutions in addition to coding. There are multiple software systems and packages, and developers are expected to work on any of them, instead of being assigned to make changes to only 1 system or just a few systems. How developers ensure they have captured all of the necessary requirements and resolved any conflicting requirements? An example of this type of scenario: Bob the developer is asked to modify the problem ticket system for a hypothetical utility repair business. They contract with a local utility company to provide this service. The old system provides a mechanism for an external customer to create a ticket indicating a problem with utility service at a particular address. There is a scheduling system and an invoicing system that is dependent on this data. Bob's new project is to modify the ticket placement system to allow for multiple addresses to entered by a landlord or other end customer with multiple properties. The invoicing system bills per ticket, but should be modified to bill per address. What practices would help Bob discover that the invoicing system needs to be changed as well? How might Bob discover what other systems in his company might need to be changed in order to support the new changes\business model? Let's say there is a documented specification for each system involved, but there are many systems and Bob is not familiar with all of them. End of example. We're often in this scenario, and we do have design reviews but management places ultimate responsibility for any defects (business process or software process) on the developer who is doing the design and the work. Some organizations seem to be better at this than others. How do they manage to detect and solve conflicting or incomplete requirements across software systems? We currently have a lot of tribal knowledge and just a few developers who understand the entire business and software chain. This seems highly ineffective and leads to problems at the requirements level.

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• alternative to environment variables

  - by tonyl7126

  The amount of servers and the complexity of our application is growing and we now have servers in different regions (hosted on AWS). Certain database operations require low latency so we have stuck a database in each region (which is basically a user cache) to keep the network latency low. The way the application server currently knows which user cache/database to make its call to depends on an environemnt variable set in it. This has been working fine, but it seems hacky and not optimal. Is there any way for this to be done automatically? I was considering using a package like fping and pinging each database when the app server reloads (or caching it the first time) and using the corresponding latencies to decide which database has the lowest latency for each app server. Not sure if this is the best idea though.

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• What encoding is used by javax.xml.transform.Transformer?

  - by Simon Reeves

  Please can you answer a couple of questions based on the code below (excludes the try/catch blocks), which transforms input XML and XSL files into an output XSL-FO file: File xslFile = new File("inXslFile.xsl"); File xmlFile = new File("sourceXmlFile.xml"); TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance(); Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(xslFile)); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("outFoFile.fo"); transformer.transform(new StreamSource(xmlFile), new StreamResult(fos)); inXslFile is encoded using UTF-8 - however there are no tags in file which states this. sourceXmlFile is UTF-8 encoded and there may be a metatag at start of file indicating this. am currently using Java 6 with intention of upgrading in the future. What encoding is used when reading the xslFile? What encoding is used when reading the xmlFile? What encoding will be applied to the FO outfile? How can I obtain the info (properties) for 1 - 3? Is there a method call? How can the properties in 4 be altered - using configuration and dynamically? if known - Where is there info (web site) on this that I can read - I have looked without much success.

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• agile as our first project management methodology [closed]

  - by Hasan Khan

  we are a small web development company that has till now been working on client projects. we employed little to no project management and that has cost us a lot. we've used only the barest of tools (wireframing, prototyping etc) but no formal project management process has been put into place. we've learnt from our mistakes and want to prevent them from happening in the future. also, we are looking to develop our own products and we understand that putting in a proper project management paradigm will help. after a lot of research, we've sort of settled on agile for a few reasons: agile seems to scale well with team size. our team is small right now and we hope to grow and agile seems to be a process that we can put in place now and grow with. agile will help us with customers who just can't seem to make up their minds and keep changing requirements. we'd appreciate the community's thoughts on this. is this a correct way to think? will agile be a good system to put into place, where there has been none till now? are there any resources that may help us in our position? pretty much all of the resources that we've found start by comparing agile to x (where x = any management methodology) and why its better than x and how agile can be implemented in place of x. we're looking for resources that can help us out in our particular situation. thanks for all your help!

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• Which design better when use foreign key instead of a string to store a list of id

  - by Kien Thanh

  I'm building online examination system. I have designed to table, Question and GeneralExam. The table GeneralExam contains info about the exam like name, description, duration,... Now I would like to design table GeneralQuestion, it will contain the ids of questions belongs to a general exam. Currently, I have two ideas to design GeneralQuestion table: It will have two columns: general_exam_id, question_id. It will have two columns: general_exam_id, list_question_ids (string/text). I would like to know which designing is better, or pros and cons of each designing. I'm using Postgresql database.

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