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  • Why There is a difference between assembly languages like Windows, Linux ?

    - by mcaaltuntas
    I am relatively new to all this low level stuff,assembly language.. and want to learn more detail. Why there is a difference between Linux, Windows Assembly languages? As I understand when I compile a C code Operating system does not really produce pure machine or assembly code, it produces OS dependent binary code.But why ? For example when I use a x86 system, CPU only understands x86 ASM am I right?.So Why we dont write pure x86 assembly code and why there are different assembly variations based on Operating system? If we would write pure ASM or OS produce pure ASM there wouldn't be binary compatilibty issues between Operating systems or Not ? I am really wondering all reasons behind them. Any detailed answer, article, book would be great. Thanks.

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  • Mocking successive calls of similar type via sequential mocking

    - by mehfuzh
    In this post , i show how you can benefit from  sequential mocking feature[In JustMock] for setting up expectations with successive calls of same type.  To start let’s first consider the following dummy database and entity class. public class Person {     public virtual string Name { get; set; }     public virtual int Age { get; set; } }   public interface IDataBase {     T Get<T>(); } Now, our test goal is to return different entity for successive calls on IDataBase.Get<T>(). By default, the behavior in JustMock is override , which is similar to other popular mocking tools. By override it means that the tool will consider always the latest user setup. Therefore, the first example will return the latest entity every-time and will fail in line #12: Person person1 = new Person { Age = 30, Name = "Kosev" }; Person person2 = new Person { Age = 80, Name = "Mihail" };   var database = Mock.Create<IDataBase>();   Queue<Person> queue = new Queue<Person>();   Mock.Arrange(() => database.Get<Person>()).Returns(() => queue.Dequeue()); Mock.Arrange(() => database.Get<Person>()).Returns(person2);   // this will fail Assert.Equal(person1.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode());   Assert.Equal(person2.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode()); We can solve it the following way using a Queue and that removes the item from bottom on each call: Person person1 = new Person { Age = 30, Name = "Kosev" }; Person person2 = new Person { Age = 80, Name = "Mihail" };   var database = Mock.Create<IDataBase>();   Queue<Person> queue = new Queue<Person>();   queue.Enqueue(person1); queue.Enqueue(person2);   Mock.Arrange(() => database.Get<Person>()).Returns(queue.Dequeue());   Assert.Equal(person1.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode()); Assert.Equal(person2.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode()); This will ensure that right entity is returned but this is not an elegant solution. So, in JustMock we introduced a  new option that lets you set up your expectations sequentially. Like: Person person1 = new Person { Age = 30, Name = "Kosev" }; Person person2 = new Person { Age = 80, Name = "Mihail" };   var database = Mock.Create<IDataBase>();   Mock.Arrange(() => database.Get<Person>()).Returns(person1).InSequence(); Mock.Arrange(() => database.Get<Person>()).Returns(person2).InSequence();   Assert.Equal(person1.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode()); Assert.Equal(person2.GetHashCode(), database.Get<Person>().GetHashCode()); The  “InSequence” modifier will tell the mocking tool to return the expected result as in the order it is specified by user. The solution though pretty simple and but neat(to me) and way too simpler than using a collection to solve this type of cases. Hope that helps P.S. The example shown in my blog is using interface don’t require a profiler  and you can even use a notepad and build it referencing Telerik.JustMock.dll, run it with GUI tools and it will work. But this feature also applies to concrete methods that includes JM profiler and can be implemented for more complex scenarios.

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  • Naming methods that perform HTTP GET/POST calls?

    - by antonpug
    In the application I am currently working on, there are generally 3 types of HTTP calls: pure GETs pure POSTs (updating the model with new data) "GET" POSTs (posting down an object to get some data back, no updates to the model) In the integration service, generally we name methods that post "postSomething()", and methods that get, "getSomething()". So my question is, if we have a "GET" POST, should the method be called: getSomething - seeing as the purpose is to obtain data postSomething - since we are technically using POST performSomeAction - arbitrary name that's more relevant to the action What are everyone's thoughts?

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  • good __eq__, __lt__, ..., __hash__ methods for image class?

    - by Marten Bauer
    I create the following class: class Image(object): def __init__(self, extension, data, urls=None, user_data=None): self._extension = extension self._data = data self._urls = urls self._user_data = user_data self._hex_digest = hashlib.sha1(self._data).hexDigest() Images should be equal when all values are equal. Therefore I wrote: def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Image) and self.__dict__ == other.__dict__: return True return False def __ne__(self, other): return not self.__eq__(other) def __lt__(self, other): return self.__dict__ < other.__dict__ ... But how should the __hash__ method look like? Equal Images should return equal hashes... def __hash__(self): # won't work !?! return hash(self.__dict__) Is the way I try to use __eq__, __ne__, __lt__, __hash__, ... recommend?

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  • Using repaint() method.

    - by owca
    I'm still struggling to create this game : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2844190/choosing-design-method-for-ladder-like-word-game .I've got it almost working but there is a problem though. When I'm inserting a word and it's correct, the whole window should reload, and JButtons containing letters should be repainted with different style. But somehow repaint() method for the game panel (in Main method) doesn't affect it at all. What am I doing wrong ? Here's my code: Main: import java.util.Scanner; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args){ final JFrame f = new JFrame("Ladder Game"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Creating game data..."); System.out.println("Height: "); //setting height of the grid while (!sc.hasNextInt()) { System.out.println("int, please!"); sc.next(); } final int height = sc.nextInt(); /* * I'm creating Grid[]game. Each row of game contains Grid of Element[]line. * Each row of line contains Elements, which are single letters in the game. */ Grid[]game = new Grid[height]; for(int L = 0; L < height; L++){ Grid row = null; int i = L+1; String s; do { System.out.println("Length "+i+", please!"); s = sc.next(); } while (s.length() != i); Element[] line = new Element[s.length()]; Element single = null; String[] temp = null; String[] temp2 = new String[s.length()]; temp = s.split(""); for( int j = temp2.length; j>0; j--){ temp2[j-1] = temp[j]; } for (int k = 0 ; k < temp2.length ; k++) { if( k == 0 ){ single = new Element(temp2[k], 2); } else{ single = new Element(temp2[k], 1); } line[k] = single; } row = new Grid(line); game[L] = row; } //############################################ //THE GAME STARTS HERE //############################################ //create new game panel with box layout JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(panel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); panel.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10, 10, 10, 10)); //for each row of the game array add panel containing letters Single panel //is drawn with Grid's paint() method and then returned here to be added for(int i = 0; i < game.length; i++){ panel.add(game[i].paint()); } f.setContentPane(panel); f.pack(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setVisible(true); boolean end = false; boolean word = false; String text; /* * Game continues until solved() returns true. First check if given word matches the length, * and then the value of any row. If yes - change state of each letter from EMPTY * to OTHER_LETTER. Then repaint the window. */ while( !end ){ while( !word ){ text = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Input word: "); for(int i = 1; i< game.length; i++){ if(game[i].equalLength(text)){ if(game[i].equalValue(text)){ game[i].changeState(3); f.repaint(); //simple debug - I'm checking if letter, and //state values for each Element are proper for(int k=0; k<=i; k++){ System.out.print(game[k].e[k].letter()); } System.out.println(); for(int k=0; k<=i; k++){ System.out.print(game[k].e[k].getState()); } System.out.println(); //set word to true and ask for another word word = true; } } } } word = false; //check if the game has ended for(int i = 0; i < game.length; i++){ if(game[i].solved()){ end = true; } else { end = false; } } } } } Element: import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Element { final int INVISIBLE = 0; final int EMPTY = 1; final int FIRST_LETTER = 2; final int OTHER_LETTER = 3; private int state; private String letter; public Element(){ } //empty block public Element(int state){ this("", 0); } //filled block public Element(String s, int state){ this.state = state; this.letter = s; } public JButton paint(){ JButton button = null; if( state == EMPTY ){ button = new JButton(" "); button.setBackground(Color.WHITE); } else if ( state == FIRST_LETTER ){ button = new JButton(letter); button.setBackground(Color.red); } else { button = new JButton(letter); button.setBackground(Color.yellow); } return button; } public void changeState(int s){ state = s; } public void setLetter(String s){ letter = s; } public String letter(){ return letter; } public int getState(){ return state; } } Grid: import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Grid extends JPanel{ public Element[]e; private Grid[]g; public Grid(){} public Grid( Element[]elements ){ e = new Element[elements.length]; for(int i=0; i< e.length; i++){ e[i] = elements[i]; } } public Grid(Grid[]grid){ g = new Grid[grid.length]; for(int i=0; i<g.length; i++){ g[i] = grid[i]; } Dimension d = new Dimension(600, 600); setMinimumSize(d); setPreferredSize(new Dimension(d)); setMaximumSize(d); } //for Each element in line - change state to i public void changeState(int i){ for(int j=0; j< e.length; j++){ e[j].changeState(3); } } //create panel which will be single row of the game. Add elements to the panel. // return JPanel to be added to grid. public JPanel paint(){ JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, e.length)); panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(2, 2, 2, 2)); for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ panel.add(e[j].paint()); } return panel; } //check if the length of given string is equal to length of row public boolean equalLength(String s){ int len = s.length(); boolean equal = false; for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if(e.length == len){ equal = true; } } return equal; } //check if the value of given string is equal to values of elements in row public boolean equalValue(String s){ int len = s.length(); boolean equal = false; String[] temp = null; String[] temp2 = new String[len]; temp = s.split(""); for( int j = len; j>0; j--){ temp2[j-1] = temp[j]; } for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if( e[j].letter().equals(temp2[j]) ){ equal = true; } else { equal = false; } } if(equal){ for(int i = 0; i < e.length; i++){ e[i].changeState(3); } } return equal; } //check if the game has finished public boolean solved(){ boolean solved = false; for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if(e[j].getState() == 3){ solved = true; } else { solved = false; } } return solved; } }

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  • sqllite - sql question 101

    - by qstar
    Hi, I would do something like this* select * from cars_table where body not equal to null. select * from cars_table where values not equal to null And id = "3" I know the syntax for 'not equal' is <, but i get an empty results. For the second part, I want to get a result set where it only returns the columns that have a value. So, if the value is null, then don't include that column. Thanks

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  • Two '==' equality operators in same 'if' condition are not working as intended.

    - by Manav MN
    I am trying to establish equality of three equal variables, but the following code is not printing the obvious true answer which it should print. Can someone explain, how the compiler is parsing the given if condition internally? #include<stdio.h> int main() { int i = 123, j = 123, k = 123; if ( i == j == k) printf("Equal\n"); else printf("NOT Equal\n"); return 0; } Output: manav@workstation:~$ gcc -Wall -pedantic calc.c calc.c: In function ‘main’: calc.c:5: warning: suggest parentheses around comparison in operand of ‘==’ manav@workstation:~$ ./a.out NOT Equal manav@workstation:~$ EDIT: Going by the answers given below, is the following statement okay to check above equality? if ( (i==j) == (j==k))

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  • Regular Expression question

    - by Mohammad Kotb
    Hi, In my academic assignment, I want make a regular expression to match a word with the following specifications: word length greater than or equal 1 and less than or equal 8 contains letters, digits, and underscore first digit is a letter only word is not A,X,S,T or PC,SW I tried for this regex but can't continue (My big problem is to make the word not equal to PC and SW) ([a-zA-Z&&[^AXST]])|([a-zA-Z][\w]{0,7}) But in the previous regex I didn't handle the that it is not PC and SW Thanks,

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  • Hibernate object equality checking

    - by Sujee
    As far as I understand(correct me if I am wrong) Hibernate uses object reference to check the object equality. When Hibernate identifies that there are more than one objects attached to same DB record, it throws following exception. "a different object with the same identifier value was already associated with the session" My question is, does Hibernate use equal() method to check the object equality (The default equal method uses object reference)? If it is true, will overridden equal() method change the Hibernate behavior? Note: My question is not about the issues of implementing equal() or hashCode() methods in a Hibernate persisted object. Thank you.

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  • rbind.zoo doesn't seem create consistent zoo object

    - by a-or-b
    I want to rbind.zoo two zoo object together. When I was testing I came across the following issue(?)... Note: The below is an example, there is clearly no point to it apart from being illustrative. I have an zoo object, call it, 'X'. I want to break it into two parts and then rbind.zoo them together. When I compare it to the original object then all.equal gives differences. It appears that the '$class' attribute differs, but I can't see how or why. Is I make these xts objects then the all.equal works as expected. i.e. ..... X.date <- as.POSIXct(paste("2003-", rep(1:4, 4:1), "-", sample(1:28, 10, replace = TRUE), sep = "")) X <- zoo(matrix(rnorm(24), ncol = 2), X.date) a <- X[c(1:3), ] # first 3 elements b <- X[c(4:6), ] # second 3 elements c <- rbind.zoo(a, b) # rbind into an object of 6 elements d <- X[c(1:6), ] # all 6 elements all.equal(c, d) # are they equal? ~~~~ all.equal gives me the following difference: "Attributes: < Component 3: Attributes: < Length mismatch: comparison on first 1 components "

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  • Why doesn't Java warn about a == "something"?

    - by Marius
    This might sound stupid, but why doesn't the Java compiler warn about the expression in the following if statement: String a = "something"; if(a == "something"){ System.out.println("a is equal to something"); }else{ System.out.println("a is not equal to something"); } I realize why the expression is untrue, but AFAIK, a can never be equal to the String literal "something". The compiler should realize this and at least warn me that I'm an idiot who is coding way to late at night.

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  • Why does SQL Server consider N'????' and N'???' to be equal?

    - by Aidan Ryan
    We are testing our application for Unicode compatibility and have been selecting random characters outside the Latin character set for testing. On both Latin and Japanese-collated systems the following equality is true (U+3422): N'????' = N'???' but the following is not (U+30C1): N'????' = N'???' This was discovered when a test case using the first example (using U+3422) violated a unique index. Do we need to be more selective about the characters we use for testing? Obviously we don't know the semantic meaning of the above comparisons. Would this behavior be obvious to a native speaker?

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  • tailwatchd - chkservd on host.domain.com status: hang

    - by Zim3r
    The chkservd sub-process with pid 17420 was running for 602 seconds. The sub-process was terminated as it exceeded the time between checks of 300 seconds. Please check /var/log/chkservd.log and /usr/local/cpanel/logs/tailwatchd_log to discover the I was notified for this error by email on the destination server while transferring server. what does it mean ? and also this happened: ftpd failed @ Wed Aug 8 11:26:38 2012. A restart was attempted automagically. Service Check Method: [socket connect] Reason: Timeout while trying to get data from service: Died at /usr/local/cpanel/Cpanel/TailWatch/ChkServd.pm line 607. Number of Restart Attempts: 1 Startup Log: Starting pure-config.pl: Running: /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd -O clf:/var/log/xferlog --daemonize -A -c50 -B -C8 -D -fftp -H -I15 -lextauth:/var/run/ftpd.sock -L10000:8 -m4 -s -U133:022 -u100 -Oxferlog:/usr/local/apache/domlogs/ftpxferlog -k99 -Z -Y1 -JHIGH:MEDIUM:+TLSv1:!SSLv2:+SSLv3 [ OK ] Starting pure-authd:

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  • Remote Desktop keeps asking me to accept a Certificate?

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, i'm using Remote Desktop on Windows 7 RC1, connecting to a Windows 2008 server. Everytime i start a connection, i get the following popup window :- The certificate problem makes sense - it was created from my own server, which is not an offical certificate authority. Sure. So I need to tell my machine that any certificate that comes from my server, can u please accept. So i View the certificate and install it. I let it determine the best place to install it. eg Unfortunately, every time i connect, i still get that popup question. So i tried to manually tell where to install it. I said to install it at eg. but still i get the warning question. So .. does anyone have any suggestions?

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  • Need some help trying to rip a CD using Windows Media Player on XP

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, i'm trying to rip a CD using Windows Media Player 11 on XP ... and the destination folder is in the ALBUM NAME. Now, i can't see HOW it can rip to a new folder, named after the album. As far as I can tell, it's named by the Artist Name .. which sorta sucks for me. So, is there a way I can rip a CD with WMP11 that puts the songs into a new/existing folder which is the name of the Album? cheers :)

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  • Need help with some IIS7 web.config compression settings.

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, I'm trying to configure my IIS7 compression settings in my web.config file. I'm trying to enable HTTP 1.0 requests to be gzip. MSDN has all the info about it here. Is it possible to have this config info in my own website's web.config file? Or do i need to set it at an application level? Currently, I have that code in my web.config... <system.webServer> <urlCompression doDynamicCompression="true" dynamicCompressionBeforeCache="true" /> <httpCompression cacheControlHeader="max-age=86400" noCompressionForHttp10="False" noCompressionForProxies="False" sendCacheHeaders="true" /> ... other stuff snipped ... </system.webServer> It's not working :( HTTP 1.1 requests are getting compressed, just not 1.0. That MSDN page above says that it can be used in :- Machine.config ApplicationHost.config Root application Web.config Application Web.config Directory Web.config So, can we set these settings on a per-website-basis, programatically in a web.config file? (this is an Application Web.config file...) What have i done wrong? cheers :) EDIT: I was asked how i know HTTP1.0 is not getting compressed. I'm using the Failed Request Tracing Rules, which reports back:- DYNAMIC_COMPRESSION_START DYNAMIC_COMPRESSION_NOT_SUCESS Reason: 3 Reason: NO_COMPRESSION_10 DYNAMIC_COMPRESSION_END

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  • How to fix? => Your system administrator does not allow the user of saved credentials to log on to the remote computer

    - by Pure.Krome
    At our office, any of our Windows 7 Clients get this error message when we try and RDP to a remote W2K8 Server outside of the office :- Your system administrator does not allow the user of saved credentials to log on to the remote computer XXX because its identity is not fully verified. Please enter new credentials A quick google search leads to some posts they all suggest I edit group policy, etc. I'm under the impression, that the common fix for this, is to follow those instructions -per Windows7 machine-. Ack :( Is there anyway I can do something via our office Active Directory .. which auto updates all Windows 7 clients in the office LAN?

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  • IIS is overriding my response content, if i manually set the Response.StatusCode

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi Folks, Problem when i manually set the HTTP Status of my Response stream to .. say 404 or 503, IIS renders up the stock IIS content/view, instead of my custom view. When I do this with the Web Development Server (aka. Casinni), it works correctly (ie. my content is displayed and the response.statuscode == my entered data. Is there anyway I can override this behaviour? How To Replicate Make a default ASP.NET MVC1 web app. Add the following route public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapRoute( "Default", "{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" } ); } Now replace the the HomeController's Index method with... [HandleError] public class HomeController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { Response.StatusCode = 404; return View(); } } :( Please help!

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  • How can I speed up my Windows Server 2008 VPN Connection?

    - by Pure.Krome
    So I've installed VPN service that comes with Windows Server 2008. Works perfectly, etc. When a client remote desktops to one of the private servers at the office, via VPN .. it's pretty slow. Now - how long is a piece of string? So before I get all the obligatory checks, I'll list the things from Mr. Obvious: Our modem/router (fritz!box) has a data/graph that shows incoming and outbound bandwidth. Both directions are barely getting used when a client has RDP'd via VPN. Our office internet connection is running at 21,9 Mbit/s download 1,3 Mbit/s upload. I feel like it's maxing at .. modem speeds ?? Is there any tricks I can do to confirm this and possibly even fix this?

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  • Trying to use a SmartHost with my Exchange 2010 server

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, I'm trying to use a SmartHost with my Exchange 2010 Server. SmartHost details: Secure SMTPS: securemail.internode.on.net 465 <-- Note: that's port 465 Configure your existing SMTP settings (in your email program) to: use authentication (enter your Internode username and password, enter your username as [email protected]). enable SSL for sending email (SMTPS). So I've added the smart host details to my Org Config -> Hub Transport. I then used PowerShell to add the port:- Set-SendConnector "securemail.internode.on.net" -port 465 I've then added my username/password (as suggested above) to the SmartHost as Basic Authentication (with no TLS). Then I try sending an email and I get the following error message :- 451 4.4.0 Primary target IP address responded with: "421 4.4.2 Connection dropped due to ConnectionReset." So i'm not sure how to continue. I also tried ticking the TLS box but stll I get the same error. If i don't use SMTPS (secure SMTP, on port 465) and use basic SMTP on port 25 with no Authentication, email gets sent. Any ideas? EDIT: Btw, I can telnet to that server on port 465 from my mail server .. just to make sure i'm not getting firewall'd, etc.

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  • Does Lapping a CPU / Heatsink actually drop the temp?

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, i've been watching some YouTube vids about Lapping a CPU. I've never heard of this modding technique before and, though extreame, I was wondering if it acutally works? Assuming you lap your cpu and/or heatsink correctly, will the temps drop? When I say drop, at least a 1 degree drop is success (for the debate of this topic). To keep this topic clean, please refrain from anyone commenting on the overkill of labour, just for a 1 degree (worst case) drop, etc. This is a discussion about the theory and concept, not personal opionion of wether to lap or not.

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  • What does this error mean in my IIS7 Failed Request Tracing report?

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, when I attempt to goto any page in my web application (i'm migrating the code from an asp.net web site to web application, and now testing it) .. i keep getting some not authenticated error(s) . So, i've turned on FREB and this is what it says... I'm not sure what that means? Secondly, i've also made sure that my site (or at least the default document which has been setup to be default.aspx) has anonymous on and the rest off. Proof: - C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv>appcmd list config "My Web App/default.aspx" -section:anonymousAuthentication <system.webServer> <security> <authentication> <anonymousAuthentication enabled="true" userName="IUSR" /> </authentication> </security> </system.webServer> C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv>appcmd list config "My Web App" -section:anonymousAuthentication <system.webServer> <security> <authentication> <anonymousAuthentication enabled="true" userName="IUSR" /> </authentication> </security> </system.webServer> Can someone please help?

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  • It it possible to have multiple ReWrite rules that all do the same Action, for an IIS7.5 webserver?

    - by Pure.Krome
    I've got rewrite module working great for my IIS7.5 site. Now, I wish to add a number of urls that all goto an HTTP 410-Gone status. Eg. <rule name="Old Site = image1" patternSyntax="ExactMatch" stopProcessing="true"> <match url="image/loading_large.gif"/> <match url="image/aaa.gif"/> <match url="image/bbb.gif"/> <match url="image/ccc.gif"/> <action type="CustomResponse" statusCode="410" statusReason="Gone" statusDescription="The requested resource is no longer available" /> </rule> but that's invalid - the website doesn't start saying there's a rewrite config error. Is there another way I can do this? I don't particularly want define a single URL and ACTION for each url.

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