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  • Can anyone explain me the source code of python "import this"?

    - by byterussian
    If you open a Python interpreter, and type "import this", as you know, it prints: The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters Beautiful is better than ugly. Explicit is better than implicit. Simple is better than complex. Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules. Although practicality beats purity. Errors should never pass silently. Unless explicitly silenced. In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess. There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it. Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch. Now is better than never. Although never is often better than *right* now. If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea. If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea. Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those! In the python source(Lib/this.py) this text is generated by a curios piece of code: s = """Gur Mra bs Clguba, ol Gvz Crgref Ornhgvshy vf orggre guna htyl. Rkcyvpvg vf orggre guna vzcyvpvg. Fvzcyr vf orggre guna pbzcyrk. Pbzcyrk vf orggre guna pbzcyvpngrq. Syng vf orggre guna arfgrq. Fcnefr vf orggre guna qrafr. Ernqnovyvgl pbhagf. Fcrpvny pnfrf nera'g fcrpvny rabhtu gb oernx gur ehyrf. Nygubhtu cenpgvpnyvgl orngf chevgl. Reebef fubhyq arire cnff fvyragyl. Hayrff rkcyvpvgyl fvyraprq. Va gur snpr bs nzovthvgl, ershfr gur grzcgngvba gb thrff. Gurer fubhyq or bar-- naq cersrenoyl bayl bar --boivbhf jnl gb qb vg. Nygubhtu gung jnl znl abg or boivbhf ng svefg hayrff lbh'er Qhgpu. Abj vf orggre guna arire. Nygubhtu arire vf bsgra orggre guna *evtug* abj. Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf uneq gb rkcynva, vg'f n onq vqrn. Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf rnfl gb rkcynva, vg znl or n tbbq vqrn. Anzrfcnprf ner bar ubaxvat terng vqrn -- yrg'f qb zber bs gubfr!""" d = {} for c in (65, 97): for i in range(26): d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c) print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])

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  • JavaScript: Given an offset and substring length in an HTML string, what is the parent node?

    - by Bungle
    My current project requires locating an array of strings within an element's text content, then wrapping those matching strings in <a> elements using JavaScript (requirements simplified here for clarity). I need to avoid jQuery if at all possible - at least including the full library. For example, given this block of HTML: <div> <p>This is a paragraph of text used as an example in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> and this array of strings to match: ['paragraph', 'example'] I would need to arrive at this: <div> <p>This is a <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph</a> of text used as an <a href="http://www.example.com/">example</a> in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> I've arrived at a solution to this by using the innerHTML() method and some string manipulation - basically using the offsets (via indexOf()) and lengths of the strings in the array to break the HTML string apart at the appropriate character offsets and insert <a href="http://www.example.com/"> and </a> tags where needed. However, an additional requirement has me stumped. I'm not allowed to wrap any matched strings in <a> elements if they're already in one, or if they're a descendant of a heading element (<h1> to <h6>). So, given the same array of strings above and this block of HTML (the term matching has to be case-insensitive, by the way): <div> <h1>Example</a> <p>This is a <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph of text</a> used as an example in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> I would need to disregard both the occurrence of "Example" in the <h1> element, and the "paragraph" in <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph of text</a>. This suggests to me that I have to determine which node each matched string is in, and then traverse its ancestors until I hit <body>, checking to see if I encounter a <a> or <h_> node along the way. Firstly, does this sound reasonable? Is there a simpler or more obvious approach that I've failed to consider? It doesn't seem like regular expressions or another string-based comparison to find bounding tags would be robust - I'm thinking of issues like self-closing elements, irregularly nested tags, etc. There's also this... Secondly, is this possible, and if so, how would I approach it?

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  • Can ASM method-visitors be used with interfaces?

    - by Olaf Mertens
    I need to write a tool that lists the classes that call methods of specified interfaces. It will be used as part of the build process of a large java application consisting of many modules. The goal is to automatically document the dependencies between certain java modules. I found several tools for dependency analysis, but they don't work on the method level, just for packages or jars. Finally I found ASM, that seems to do what I need. The following code prints the method dependencies of all class files in a given directory: import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { File dir = new File(args[0]); List<File> classFiles = new LinkedList<File>(); findClassFiles(classFiles, dir); for (File classFile : classFiles) { InputStream input = new FileInputStream(classFile); new ClassReader(input).accept(new MyClassVisitor(), 0); input.close(); } } private static void findClassFiles(List<File> list, File dir) { for (File file : dir.listFiles()) { if (file.isDirectory()) { findClassFiles(list, file); } else if (file.getName().endsWith(".class")) { list.add(file); } } } } import org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor; import org.objectweb.asm.commons.EmptyVisitor; public class MyClassVisitor extends EmptyVisitor { private String className; @Override public void visit(int version, int access, String name, String signature, String superName, String[] interfaces) { this.className = name; } @Override public MethodVisitor visitMethod(int access, String name, String desc, String signature, String[] exceptions) { System.out.println(className + "." + name); return new MyMethodVisitor(); } } import org.objectweb.asm.commons.EmptyVisitor; public class MyMethodVisitor extends EmptyVisitor { @Override public void visitMethodInsn(int opcode, String owner, String name, String desc) { String key = owner + "." + name; System.out.println(" " + key); } } The Problem: The code works for regular classes only! If the class file contains an interface, visitMethod is called, but not visitMethodInsn. I don't get any info about the callers of interface methods. Any ideas?

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  • Giving event control back to xaml/callee to access check/uncheck

    - by dovholuk
    Hi All, I've scoured the Internet but my search-foo must not work if it's out there cause I just can't find the proper search terms to get me the answer I am looking for. So I turn to the experts here as a last resort to point me in the right direction. What I'm trying to do is create a composite control of a text box and a list box but I want to allow the control consumer to decide what to do when say the checkbox is checked/unchecked and I just can't figure it out... Maybe i'm going about it all wrong. What I've done thus far is to: create a custom control that extends ListBox expose a custom DP named "Text" (for the Text box but it's not the important part) craft the generic.xaml so that the list items have a default ItemTemplate/DataTemplate inside the DataTemplate I'm trying to set the "Checked" or "Unchecked" events expose 'wrapper' events as DPs in the custom control that would get 'set' via the template when instatiated As soon as I try something like the following (inside generic.xaml): <DataTemplate> <...> <CheckBox Checked="{TemplateBinding MyCheckedDP}"/> <...> </DataTemplate> I get runtime exceptions, the designer - vs2010 - pukes out a LONG list of errors that are all very similar and nothing I do can make it work. I went so far as to try using the VisualTreeHelper but no magic combination I could find would work nor would it allow me to traverse the tree because when the OnApplyTemplate method fires the listbox items don't exist yet and aren't in the tree. So hopefully this all makes sense but if not please let me know and I'll edit the post for clarifications. Thanks to all for any pointers or thoughts... Like I said maybe I'm heading about it in the wrong way from the start... EDIT (Request for xaml) generic.xaml datatemplate: <DataTemplate > <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" > <local:FilterCheckbox x:Name="chk"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Display}" /> </local:FilterCheckbox> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> usercontrol.xaml (invocation of custom control) <local:MyControl FancyName="This is the fancy name" ItemChecked="DoThisWhenACheckboxIsChecked" <-- this is where the consumer "ties" to the checkbox events ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource someDataSource}}" />

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  • JDBC CommunicationsException with MySQL Database

    - by Dominik Siebel
    I'm having a little trouble with my MySQL- Connection- Pooling. This is the case: Different jobs are scheduled via Quartz. All jobs connect to different databases which works fine the whole day while the nightly scheduled jobs fail with a CommunicationsException... Quartz-Jobs: Job1 runs 0 0 6,10,14,18 * * ? Job2 runs 0 30 10,18 * * ? Job3 runs 0 0 5 * * ? As you can see the last job runs at 18 taking about 1 hour to run. The first job at 5am is the one that fails. I already tried all kinds of parameter-combinations in my resource config this is the one I am running right now: <!-- Database 1 (MySQL) --> <Resource auth="Container" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" removeAbandoned="true" removeAbandonedTimeout="60" logAbandoned="true" type="javax.sql.DataSource" name="jdbc/appDbProd" username="****" password="****" url="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/appDbProd?autoReconnect=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8" testWhileIdle="true" testOnBorrow="true" testOnReturn="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="1800000" /> <!-- Database 2 (MySQL) --> <Resource auth="Container" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" removeAbandoned="true" removeAbandonedTimeout="60" logAbandoned="true" type="javax.sql.DataSource" name="jdbc/prodDbCopy" username="****" password="****" url="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/prodDbCopy?autoReconnect=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8" testWhileIdle="true" testOnBorrow="true" testOnReturn="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="1800000" /> <!-- Database 3 (MSSQL)--> <Resource auth="Container" driverClassName="net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" maxActive="30" maxIdle="30" maxWait="100" removeAbandoned="true" removeAbandonedTimeout="60" logAbandoned="true" name="jdbc/catalogDb" username="****" password="****" type="javax.sql.DataSource" url="jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;databaseName=catalog;useNdTLMv2=false" testWhileIdle="true" testOnBorrow="true" testOnReturn="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="1800000" /> For obvious reasons I changed IPs, Usernames and Passwords but they can be assumed to be correct, seeing that the application runs successfully the whole day. The most annoying thing is: The first job that runs first queries Database2 successfully but fails to query Database1 for some reason (CommunicationsException): Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: The last packet successfully received from the server was 39,376,539 milliseconds ago. The last packet sent successfully to the server was 39,376,539 milliseconds ago. is longer than the server configured value of 'wait_timeout'. You should consider either expiring and/or testing connection validity before use in your application, increasing the server configured values for client timeouts, or using the Connector/J connection property 'autoReconnect=true' to avoid this problem. Any ideas? Thanks!

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  • Mapping two tables 0..n in Hibernate

    - by simon
    I have a table Users CREATE TABLE "USERS" ( "ID" NUMBER NOT NULL , "LOGINNAME" VARCHAR2 (150) NOT NULL ) and I have a second table SpecialUsers. No UserId can occur twice in the SpecialUsers table, and only a small subset of the ids of users in the Users table are contained in the SpecialUsers table. CREATE TABLE "SPECIALUSERS" ( "USERID" NUMBER NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT "PK_SPECIALUSERS" PRIMARY KEY ("USERID") ) ALTER TABLE "SPECIALUSERS" ADD CONSTRAINT "FK_SPECIALUSERS_USERID" FOREIGN KEY ("USERID") REFERENCES "USERS" ("ID") / Mapping the Users table in Hibernate works ok <hibernate-mapping package="com.initech.domain"> <class name="com.initech.User" table="USERS"> <id name="id" column="ID" type="java.lang.Long"> <meta attribute="use-in-tostring">true</meta> <generator class="sequence"> <param name="sequence">SEQ_USERS_ID</param> </generator> </id> <property name="loginName" column="LOGINNAME" type="java.lang.String" not-null="true"> <meta attribute="use-in-tostring">true</meta> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping> But I'm struggling in creating the mapping for the SpecialUsers table. All the examples (e.g. in Hibernate documentation) in Internet I found don't have this type of self-reference. I tried a mapping like this: <hibernate-mapping package="com.initech.domain"> <class name="com.initech.User" table="SPECIALUSERS"> <id name="id" column="USERID"> <meta attribute="use-in-tostring">true</meta> <generator class="foreign"> <param name="property">user</param> </generator> </id> <one-to-one name="user" class="User"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping> but got the error Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException: Duplicate class/entity mapping com.initech.User How should I map the SpecialUsers table? What I need on the application level is a list of the User objects contained in the SpecialUsers table.

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  • Recursive N-way merge/diff algorithm for directory trees?

    - by BobMcGee
    What algorithms or Java libraries are available to do N-way, recursive diff/merge of directories? I need to be able to generate a list of folder trees that have many identical files, and have subdirectories with many similar files. I want to be able to use 2-way merge operations to quickly remove as much redundancy as possible. Goals: Find pairs of directories that have many similar files between them. Generate short list of directory pairs that can be synchronized with 2-way merge to eliminate duplicates Should operate recursively (there may be nested duplicates of higher-level directories) Run time and storage should be O(n log n) in numbers of directories and files Should be able to use an embedded DB or page to disk for processing more files than fit in memory (100,000+). Optional: generate an ancestry and change-set between folders Optional: sort the merge operations by how many duplicates they can elliminate I know how to use hashes to find duplicate files in roughly O(n) space, but I'm at a loss for how to go from this to finding partially overlapping sets between folders and their children. EDIT: some clarification The tricky part is the difference between "exact same" contents (otherwise hashing file hashes would work) and "similar" (which will not). Basically, I want to feed this algorithm at a set of directories and have it return a set of 2-way merge operations I can perform in order to reduce duplicates as much as possible with as few conflicts possible. It's effectively constructing an ancestry tree showing which folders are derived from each other. The end goal is to let me incorporate a bunch of different folders into one common tree. For example, I may have a folder holding programming projects, and then copy some of its contents to another computer to work on it. Then I might back up and intermediate version to flash drive. Except I may have 8 or 10 different versions, with slightly different organizational structures or folder names. I need to be able to merge them one step at a time, so I can chose how to incorporate changes at each step of the way. This is actually more or less what I intend to do with my utility (bring together a bunch of scattered backups from different points in time). I figure if I can do it right I may as well release it as a small open source util. I think the same tricks might be useful for comparing XML trees though.

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  • No exception, no error, still i dont recieve the json object from my http post

    - by user2978538
    My source code: final Thread t = new Thread() { public void run() { Looper.prepare(); HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(client.getParams(), 10000); HttpResponse response; JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(); try { HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://pc.dyndns-office.com/mobile.asp"); obj.put("Model", ReadIn1); obj.put("Product", ReadIn2); obj.put("Manufacturer", ReadIn3); obj.put("RELEASE", ReadIn4); obj.put("SERIAL", ReadIn5); obj.put("ID", ReadIn6); obj.put("ANDROID_ID", ReadIn7); obj.put("Language", ReadIn8); obj.put("BOARD", ReadIn9); obj.put("BOOTLOADER", ReadIn10); obj.put("BRAND", ReadIn11); obj.put("CPU_API", ReadIn12); obj.put("DISPLAY", ReadIn13); obj.put("FINGERPRINT", ReadIn14); obj.put("HARDWARE", ReadIn15); obj.put("UUID", ReadIn16); StringEntity se = new StringEntity(obj.toString()); se.setContentType(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")); post.setEntity(se); post.setHeader("host", "http://pc.dyndns-office.com/mobile.asp"); response = client.execute(post); if (response != null) { InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Looper.loop(); } }; t.start(); } } i want to send an Json object to a Website. As far as I can see, I set the header, but still I get this exception, can someone help me? (I'm using Android-Studio) __ Edit: i don't get any exceptions anymore, but still i do not receive the json packet. When i manually call the website i get a log file entry. Does anyone know, what's wrong? Edit2: When i debug i get as response "HTTP/1.1 400 bad request" i'm sure its not an permission problem. Any ideas?

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  • Undesired "flashing" in Jquery dropdown menu?

    - by Tom
    Hi, I've got the following piece of Jquery: $("#collapse-menu > li > a").click(function() { $(this).toggleClass("expanded").toggleClass("collapsed").find("+ ul").slideToggle("medium"); }); What it basically does is expands or collapses a menu of nested "lists" which contain dropdowns (simplified example): <ul id="collapse-menu"> <li><a class="expanded">Basic Details</a> <ul> <li> <select> .... </select> </li> <li> <select> .... </select> </li> The code works absolutely fine EXCEPT when a large value is selected in any of the dropdowns. At that point, when clicked, the menu will still expand/collapse correctly but "flash" quickly while doing so, as if the entire element was being reset somehow. The data itself is fine but it's the flashing that's unwanted. The strange thing is that if a small value is selected in a dropdown, there's no flashing. When a large value is selected (say, above 30 in an age dropdown of 18-99), the flashing starts happening. Can anyone tell me why this is happening? Or whether there's something not right about the Jquery that's causing this. Thanks. UPDATE: Adding a bounty to this. Have tried a few similar plugins/solutions out there on the net but they all seem to suffer from this "flashing" problem when large dropdown values are selected by default. If it helps, here's a typical similar solution: http://www.i-marco.nl/weblog/jquery-accordion-menu/index_collapsed.html# ... but it suffers from the same problem when dropdowns are added inside the accordion. I hope someone has a clean solution, instead of needing to hack this somehow.

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  • .Net Dynamically Load DLL

    - by hermiod
    I am trying to write some code that will allow me to dynamically load DLLs into my application, depending on an application setting. The idea is that the database to be accessed is set in the application settings and then this loads the appropriate DLL and assigns it to an instance of an interface for my application to access. This is my code at the moment: Dim SQLDataSource As ICRDataLayer Dim ass As Assembly = Assembly. _ LoadFrom("M:\MyProgs\WebService\DynamicAssemblyLoading\SQLServer\bin\Debug\SQLServer.dll") Dim obj As Object = ass.CreateInstance(GetType(ICRDataLayer).ToString, True) SQLDataSource = DirectCast(obj, ICRDataLayer) MsgBox(SQLDataSource.ModuleName & vbNewLine & SQLDataSource.ModuleDescription) I have my interface (ICRDataLayer) and the SQLServer.dll contains an implementation of this interface. I just want to load the assembly and assign it to the SQLDataSource object. The above code just doesn't work. There are no exceptions thrown, even the Msgbox doesn't appear. I would've expected at least the messagebox appearing with nothing in it, but even this doesn't happen! Is there a way to determine if the loaded assembly implements a specific interface. I tried the below but this also doesn't seem to do anything! For Each loadedType As Type In ass.GetTypes If GetType(ICRDataLayer).IsAssignableFrom(loadedType) Then Dim obj1 As Object = ass.CreateInstance(GetType(ICRDataLayer).ToString, True) SQLDataSource = DirectCast(obj1, ICRDataLayer) End If Next EDIT: New code from Vlad's examples: Module CRDataLayerFactory Sub New() End Sub ' class name is a contract, ' should be the same for all plugins Private Function Create() As ICRDataLayer Return New SQLServer() End Function End Module Above is Module in each DLL, converted from Vlad's C# example. Below is my code to bring in the DLL: Dim SQLDataSource As ICRDataLayer Dim ass As Assembly = Assembly. _ LoadFrom("M:\MyProgs\WebService\DynamicAssemblyLoading\SQLServer\bin\Debug\SQLServer.dll") Dim factory As Object = ass.CreateInstance("CRDataLayerFactory", True) Dim t As Type = factory.GetType Dim method As MethodInfo = t.GetMethod("Create") Dim obj As Object = method.Invoke(factory, Nothing) SQLDataSource = DirectCast(obj, ICRDataLayer) EDIT: Implementation based on Paul Kohler's code Dim file As String For Each file In Directory.GetFiles(baseDir, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly) Dim assemblyType As System.Type For Each assemblyType In Assembly.LoadFrom(file).GetTypes Dim s As System.Type() = assemblyType.GetInterfaces For Each ty As System.Type In s If ty.Name.Contains("ICRDataLayer") Then MsgBox(ty.Name) plugin = DirectCast(Activator.CreateInstance(assemblyType), ICRDataLayer) MessageBox.Show(plugin.ModuleName) End If Next I get the following error with this code: Unable to cast object of type 'SQLServer.CRDataSource.SQLServer' to type 'DynamicAssemblyLoading.ICRDataLayer'. The actual DLL is in a different project called SQLServer in the same solution as my implementation code. CRDataSource is a namespace and SQLServer is the actual class name of the DLL. The SQLServer class implements ICRDataLayer, so I don't understand why it wouldn't be able to cast it. Is the naming significant here, I wouldn't have thought it would be.

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  • AD-DirectoryServices: .NET2.0 - Speaking architecture, approach and best practices... Suggestions?

    - by Will Marcouiller
    I've been mandated to write an application to migrate the Active Directory access models to another environment. Here's the context: I'm stuck with VB.NET 2005 and .NET Framework 2.0; The application must use the Windows authenticated user to manage AD; The objects I have to handle are Groups, Users and OrganizationalUnits; I intend to use the Façade design pattern to provider ease of use and a fully reusable code; I plan to write a factory for each of the objects managed (group, ou, user); The use of Attributes should be useful here, I guess; As everything is about the DirectoryEntry class when accessing the AD, it seems a good candidate for generic types. Obligatory features: User creates new OUs manually; User creates new group manually; User creates new user (these users are services accounts) manually; Application reads an XML file which contains the OUs, groups and users to create; Application informs the user about the OUs, groups and users that shall be created; User specifies the domain environment where to migrate the XML input file designated objects; User makes changes if needed, and launches the task operations; Application performs required by the XML input file operations against the underlying AD as specified by the user; Application informs the user upon completion. Linear features: User fetches OUs, groups, users; User changes OUs, groups, users; User deletes OUs, groups, users; The application logs AD entries and operations performed, plus errors and exceptions; Nice-to-have features: Application rollbacks operations on error or exception. I've been working for weeks now to get acquainted with the AD and the System.DirectoryServices assembly. But I don't seem to find a way to be fully satisfied with what I'm doing and always looking for better. I have studied Bret de Smet's Linq to AD on CodePlex, but then again, I can't use it as I'm stuck with .NET 2.0, so no Linq! But I've learned about Attributes, and seen that he's working with generic types as he codes a DirectorySource class to perform the operations for OUs, groups and users. I have been able to add groups to the AD; I have been able to add users to the AD; The created user is automatically disabled? I seem to get confused with the use of a LDAP path to add objects. For instance, one needs two instances of a System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry class to add a group, for instance. Why this? Any suggestions? Thanks for any help, code sample, ideas, architural solution, everything!

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  • how much time does grid.py take to run ?

    - by trinity
    Hello all , I am using libsvm for binary classification.. I wanted to try grid.py , as it is said to improve results.. I ran this script for five files in separate terminals , and the script has been running for more than 12 hours.. this is the state of my 5 terminals now : [root@localhost tools]# python grid.py sarts_nonarts_feat.txt>grid_arts.txt Warning: empty z range [61.3997:61.3997], adjusting to [60.7857:62.0137] line 2: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". Warning: empty z range [61.3997:61.3997], adjusting to [60.7857:62.0137] line 4: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". [root@localhost tools]# python grid.py sgames_nongames_feat.txt>grid_games.txt Warning: empty z range [64.5867:64.5867], adjusting to [63.9408:65.2326] line 2: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". Warning: empty z range [64.5867:64.5867], adjusting to [63.9408:65.2326] line 4: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". [root@localhost tools]# python grid.py sref_nonref_feat.txt>grid_ref.txt Warning: empty z range [62.4602:62.4602], adjusting to [61.8356:63.0848] line 2: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". Warning: empty z range [62.4602:62.4602], adjusting to [61.8356:63.0848] line 4: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". [root@localhost tools]# python grid.py sbiz_nonbiz_feat.txt>grid_biz.txt Warning: empty z range [67.9762:67.9762], adjusting to [67.2964:68.656] line 2: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". Warning: empty z range [67.9762:67.9762], adjusting to [67.2964:68.656] line 4: warning: Cannot contour non grid data. Please use "set dgrid3d". [root@localhost tools]# python grid.py snews_nonnews_feat.txt>grid_news.txt Wrong input format at line 494 Traceback (most recent call last): File "grid.py", line 223, in run if rate is None: raise "get no rate" TypeError: exceptions must be classes or instances, not str I had redirected the outputs to files , but those files for now contain nothing.. And , the following files were created : sbiz_nonbiz_feat.txt.out sbiz_nonbiz_feat.txt.png sarts_nonarts_feat.txt.out sarts_nonarts_feat.txt.png sgames_nongames_feat.txt.out sgames_nongames_feat.txt.png sref_nonref_feat.txt.out sref_nonref_feat.txt.png snews_nonnews_feat.txt.out (-- is empty ) There's just one line of information in .out files.. the ".png" files are some GNU PLOTS . But i dont understand what the above GNUplots / warnings convey .. Should i re-run them ? Can anyone please tell me on how much time this script might take if each input file contains about 144000 lines.. Thanks and regards

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  • MVC Rendered Partial, how to get partial/view model in main model post to controller

    - by user1475788
    I have a text file and when users upload the file, the controller action method parses that file using state machine and uses a generic list to store some values. I pass this back to the view in the form of an IEnumerable. Within my main view, based on this ienumerable list I render a partail view to iterate items and display labels and a textarea. Users could add their input in the text area. When the users hit the save button this ienumrable list from the partial view rendered is null. so please advice any solutions. here is my main view @model RunLog.Domain.Entities.RunLogEntry @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } @using (Html.BeginForm("Create", "RunLogEntry", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" })) { <div id="inputTestExceptions" style="display: none;"> <table class="grid" style="width: 450px; margin: 3px 3px 3px 3px;"> <thead> <tr> <th> Exception String </th> <th> Comment </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> @if (Model.TestExceptions != null) { foreach (var p in Model.TestExceptions) { Html.RenderPartial("RunLogTestExceptionSummary", p); } } </tbody> </table> </div> } partial view as follows: @model RunLog.Domain.Entities.RunLogEntryTestExceptionDisplay <tr> <td> @Model.TestException@ </td> <td>@Html.TextAreaFor(Model.Comment, new { style = "width: 200px; height: 80px;" }) </td> </tr> Controller action [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(RunLogEntry runLogEntry, String ServiceRequest, string Hour, string Minute, string AMPM, string submit, IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> file, String AssayPerformanceIssues1, IEnumerable<RunLogEntryTestExceptionDisplay> models) { } The problem is test exceptions which contains exception string and comment is comming back null.

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  • Hibernate mapping to object that already exists

    - by teehoo
    I have two classes, ServiceType and ServiceRequest. Every ServiceRequest must specify what kind of ServiceType it is. All ServiceType's are predefined in the database, and ServiceRequest is created at runtime by the client. Here are my .hbm files: <hibernate-mapping> <class dynamic-insert="false" dynamic-update="false" mutable="true" name="xxx.model.entity.ServiceRequest" optimistic-lock="version" polymorphism="implicit" select-before-update="false"> <id column="USER_ID" name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="quantity"> <column name="quantity" not-null="true"/> </property> <many-to-one cascade="all" class="xxx.model.entity.ServiceType" column="service_type" name="serviceType" not-null="false" unique="false"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping> and <hibernate-mapping> <class dynamic-insert="false" dynamic-update="false" mutable="true" name="xxx.model.entity.ServiceType" optimistic-lock="version" polymorphism="implicit" select-before-update="false"> <id column="USER_ID" name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="description"> <column name="description" not-null="false"/> </property> <property name="cost"> <column name="cost" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="enabled"> <column name="enabled" not-null="true"/> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping> When I run this, I get com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails I think my problem is that when I create a new ServiceRequest object, ServiceType is one of its properties, and therefore when I'm saving ServiceRequest to the database, Hibernate attempts to insert the ServiceType object once again, and finds that it is already exists. If this is the case, how do I make it so that Hibernate points to the exists ServiceType instead of trying to insert it again?

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  • Closure Tables - Is this enough data to display a tree view?

    - by James Pitt
    Here is the table I have created by testing the closure table method. | id | parentId | childId | hops | | | | | 270 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 271 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 272 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 273 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 276 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 281 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 282 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 283 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 285 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 286 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 287 | 6 | 9 | 2 | 288 | 6 | 10 | 3 | 289 | 6 | 8 | 2 | 293 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 294 | 6 | 10 | 2 I am trying to create a simple tree of this using PHP. There does not seem to be enough data to create the table. For example, when I look purely at parentId = 6: -Part 6 -Part 7 - ? - ? -Part 9 - ? - ? We know that parts 8 and 10 exists below Part 7 or 9, but not which. We know that part 10 exists at both 3 and 4 nodes deep but where? If I look at other data in the table it is possible to tell it should be: - Part 6 - Part 7 - Part 9 - Part 10 - Part 9 - Part 10 I thought one of the benefits of closure tables was there was no need for recursive queries? Could you help explain what I am doing wrong? EDIT: For clarification, this is a mapping table. There is another table called "parts" which has a column called part_id that correlates to both the parentId and childId columns in the "closure" table. The "id" column in the table above (closure) is just for the purposes of maintaining a primary key. It is not really necessary. The methods I have used to create this closure table is described in the following article: http://dirtsimple.org/2010/11/simplest-way-to-do-tree-based-queries.html EDIT2: It can have two and three hops. I will explain easier by assigning names to the items. Part 6 = Bicycle Part 7 = Gears Part 8 = Chain Part 9 = Bolt Part 10 = Nut Nut is part of Bolt. The Bolt and Nut combo exists directly within Bicycle and within Gears which is part of Bicycle. In relation to what method to use I have looked at Adjacency, Edges, Enum Paths, Closures, DAGS(networks) and the Nested Set Model. I am still trying to work out what is what, but this is an extremely complex component database where there are multiple parents and any modification to a sub-tree must propogate through the other trees. More importantly there will be insertions, deletions and tree views that I wish to avoid recursion during general use, even at the cost of database space and query time during entry.

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  • Question SpeechSynthesizer.SetOutputToAudioStream audio format problem

    - by Chris Kugler
    Hi, I'm currently working on an application which requires transmission of speech encoded to a specific audio format. System.Speech.AudioFormat.SpeechAudioFormatInfo synthFormat = new System.Speech.AudioFormat.SpeechAudioFormatInfo(System.Speech.AudioFormat.EncodingFormat.Pcm, 8000, 16, 1, 16000, 2, null); This states that the audio is in PCM format, 8000 samples per second, 16 bits per sample, mono, 16000 average bytes per second, block alignment of 2. When I attempt to execute the following code there is nothing written to my MemoryStream instance; however when I change from 8000 samples per second up to 11025 the audio data is written successfully. SpeechSynthesizer synthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer(); waveStream = new MemoryStream(); PromptBuilder pbuilder = new PromptBuilder(); PromptStyle pStyle = new PromptStyle(); pStyle.Emphasis = PromptEmphasis.None; pStyle.Rate = PromptRate.Fast; pStyle.Volume = PromptVolume.ExtraLoud; pbuilder.StartStyle(pStyle); pbuilder.StartParagraph(); pbuilder.StartVoice(VoiceGender.Male, VoiceAge.Teen, 2); pbuilder.StartSentence(); pbuilder.AppendText("This is some text."); pbuilder.EndSentence(); pbuilder.EndVoice(); pbuilder.EndParagraph(); pbuilder.EndStyle(); synthesizer.SetOutputToAudioStream(waveStream, synthFormat); synthesizer.Speak(pbuilder); synthesizer.SetOutputToNull(); There are no exceptions or errors recorded when using a sample rate of 8000 and I couldn't find anything useful in the documentation regarding SetOutputToAudioStream and why it succeeds at 11025 samples per second and not 8000. I have a workaround involving a wav file that I generated and converted to the correct sample rate using some sound editing tools, but I would like to generate the audio from within the application if I can. One particular point of interest was that the SpeechRecognitionEngine accepts that audio format and successfully recognized the speech in my synthesized wave file... Update: Recently discovered that this audio format succeeds for certain installed voices, but fails for others. It fails specifically for LH Michael and LH Michelle, and failure varies for certain voice settings defined in the PromptBuilder.

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  • MySQL Connection error in spring MVC

    - by nidhi
    i am working on spring MVC facing the following exception while connecting to my sql. Blocorg.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Communications link failure The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.) at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:80) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:572) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:636) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:665) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:673) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.queryForObject(JdbcTemplate.java:728) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.queryForObject(JdbcTemplate.java:744) at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.queryForInt(JdbcTemplate.java:775) at com.trackmeetings.dao.InboxDAOImpl.getNotificationsCount(InboxDAOImpl.java:51) at com.trackmeetings.service.InboxService.getNotificationsCount(InboxService.java:56) at com.trackmeetings.controller.HomePageController.getLogInUserDetails(HomePageController.java:80) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:175) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:421) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:409) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:774) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:560) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:710) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at com.trackmeetings.util.NoCacheFilter.doFilter(NoCacheFilter.java:56) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:286) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:583) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:680) Caused by: org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Communications link failure The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.) at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1225) at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:880) at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.doGetConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:111) at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:77) ... 38 more Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failurekquote how can i resolve this. please help,

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  • Keeping track of business rules within IT department?

    - by evaldas-alexander
    I am looking for the best way to keep track of the business rules for both developers and everybody else (support staff / management) in a startup enviroment. The challenge is that our business model requires quite a lot of different business rules, which are created pretty much on the fly and evolving organically after that. After running this project for 3+ years, we have so many of such rules that often the only way to be sure about what the application is supposed to do in a certain situation is to go find the module responsible for that process and analyze its code and comments. That is all fine as long as you have one single developer who created the entire application from the scratch, but every new developer needs to go over pretty much entire codebase in order to understand how the application works. Even bigger problem is that non technical employees don't even have that option and therefore are forced to ask me pretty much every day how some certain case would be handled by the application. Quick example - we only start charging for our customer campaigns once they have been active for at least 72 hours, but at the same time we stop creating invoices for campaigns that belong to insolvent accounts and close such accounts within a month of the first failed charge. That does not apply to accounts that are set to "non-chargeable" which most commonly belongs to us since we are using the service ourselves. The invoices are created on the 1st of each month and include charges from the previous month + any current balance that the account might have. However, some customers are charged only 4 days after their invoice has been generated due to issues with their billing department. In addition to that, invoices are also created when customer deactivates his campaign, but that can only be done once the campaign is not longer under mandatory 6 month contract, unless account manager approves early deactivation. I know, that's quite a lot of rules that need to be taken into account when answering a question "when do we bill our customers", but actually I could still append an asterisk at the end of each sentence in order to disclose some rare exceptions. Of course, it would be easiest just to keep the business rules to the minimum, but we need to adapt to changing marketplace - i.e. less than a year ago we had no contracts whatsoever. One idea that I had so far was a simplistic wiki with categories corresponding to areas such as "Account activation", "Invoicing", "Collection procedures" and so on. Another idea would be to have giant interactive flowchart showing the entire customer "life cycle" from prospecting to account deactivation. What are your experiences / suggestions?

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  • What is the best way to read and write cXML documents in C# ?

    - by tetranz
    I know this is a vague open ended question. I'm hoping to get some general direction. I need to add cXML punchout to an ASP.NET C# site / application. This is replacing something that I wrote years ago in ColdFusion. I'm a reasonably experienced C# developer but I haven't done much with XML. There seems to be lots of different options for processing XML in .NET. Here's the open ended question: Assuming that I have an XML document in some form, eg a file or a string, what is the best way to read it into my code? I want to get the data and then query databases etc. The cXML document size and our traffic volumes are easily small enough so that loading the a cXML document into memory is not a problem. Should I: 1) Manually build classes based on the dtd and use the XML Serializer? 2) Use a tool to generate classes. There are sample cXML files downloadable from Ariba.com. I tried xsd.exe to generate an xsd and then xsd.exe /c to generate classes. When I try to deserialize I get errors because there seems to be "confusion" around whether some elements should be single values or arrays. I tried the CodeXS online tool but that gives errors in it's log and errors if I try to deserialize a sample document. 2) Create a dataset and ReadXml()? 3) Create a typed dataset and ReadXml()? 4) Use Linq to XML. I often use Linq to Objects so I'm familiar with Linq in general but I'm struggling to see what it gives me in this situation. 5) Some other means. I guess I need to improve my understanding of XML in general but even so ... am I missing some obvious way of doing this? In the old ColdFusion site I found a free component ("tag") which basically ignored any schema and read the XML into a "structure" which is essentially a series of nested hash tables which was then easy to read in code. That was probably quite sloppy but it worked. I also need to generate XML files from my C# objects. Maybe Linq to XML will be good for that. I could start with a default "template" document and manipulate it before saving. Thanks for any pointers ...

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  • SelectList in Asp-mvc and data from the database

    - by George
    Hello guys. I'm having some troubles with SelectList in ASP.MVC. Here is the issue: I have a Create View and begind a ViewModel model. The page load just fine (GET verb). But when posting, something happens, and my model is considered invalid, and it cannot insert. Here's what i've tried so far. public class DefinitionFormViewModel { private Repository<Category> categoryRepository = new Repository<Category>(); public Definition ViewDefinition { get; private set; } public SelectList Categories { get; private set; } public DefinitionFormViewModel(Definition def) { ViewDefinition = def; // here i wanted to place it directly, like shown in NerdDinner Tutorial // new SelectList(categoryRepository.All(),ViewDefinition.Category); Categories = new SelectList(categoryRepository.All(), "CategoryId", "CategoryName", ViewDefinition.CategoryId); } } // pageview which inherits DefinitionFormViewModel <div class=editor-field"> <%= Html.DropDownList("Category",Model.Categories) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => Model.ViewDefinition.Category) %> </div> // controller methods [Authorize] public ActionResult Create() { Definition definition = new Definition(); return View(new DefinitionFormViewModel(definition)); } [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post), Authorize] public ActionResult Create(int id,Definition definition) { Term term = termRepository.SingleOrDefault(t => t.TermId == id); if (term == null) { return View("NotFound", new NotFoundModel("Termo não encontrado", "Termo não encontrado", "Nos desculpe, mas não conseguimos encontrar o termo solicitado.", "Indíce de Termos", "Index", "Term")); } else { if (ModelState.IsValid) { try { definition.TermId = term.TermId; definition.ResponsibleUser = User.Identity.Name; UpdateModel(definition); term.Definitions.Add(definition); termRepository.SaveAll(); return RedirectToAction("Details", "Term", new { id = term.TermId }); } catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException sqlEx) { ModelState.AddModelError("DatabaseError", "Houve um erro na inserção desta nova definição"); } catch { foreach (RuleViolation rv in definition.GetRuleViolations()) { ModelState.AddModelError(rv.PropertyName, rv.ErrorMessage); } } } } return View(new DefinitionFormViewModel(definition)); } I'm sorry about the long post, but I cant figure this out. I got no graphic errors or exceptions. My execution terminates in if (ModelState.IsValid). Thanks for your time George

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  • How do I add a trailing slash for Django MPTT-based categorization app?

    - by Patrick Beeson
    I'm using Django-MPTT to develop a categorization app for my Django project. But I can't seem to get the regex pattern for adding a trailing slash that doesn't also break on child categories. Here's an example URL: http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat/ I'd like to be able to use http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat and have it redirect to the trailing slash version. The same should apply to http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat (it should redirect to http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat/). Here's my urls.py: from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page from storefront.categories.models import Category from storefront.categories.views import SimpleCategoryView urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^(?P<full_slug>[-\w/]+)', cache_page(SimpleCategoryView.as_view(), 60 * 15), name='category_view'), ) And here is my view: from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse from django.views.generic import TemplateView, DetailView from django.views.generic.detail import SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _ from django.contrib.syndication.views import Feed from storefront.categories.models import Category class SimpleCategoryView(TemplateView): def get_category(self): return Category.objects.get(full_slug=self.kwargs['full_slug']) def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super(SimpleCategoryView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs) context["category"] = self.get_category() return context def get_template_names(self): if self.get_category().template_name: return [self.get_category().template_name] else: return ['categories/category_detail.html'] And finally, my model: from django.db import models from mptt.models import MPTTModel from mptt.fields import TreeForeignKey class CategoryManager(models.Manager): def get(self, **kwargs): defaults = {} defaults.update(kwargs) if 'full_slug' in defaults: if defaults['full_slug'] and defaults['full_slug'][-1] != "/": defaults['full_slug'] += "/" return super(CategoryManager, self).get(**defaults) class Category(MPTTModel): title = models.CharField(max_length=255) description = models.TextField(blank=True, help_text='Please use <a href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax">Markdown syntax</a> for all text-formatting and links. No HTML is allowed.') slug = models.SlugField(help_text='Prepopulates from title field.') full_slug = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True) template_name = models.CharField(max_length=70, blank=True, help_text="Example: 'categories/category_parent.html'. If this isn't provided, the system will use 'categories/category_detail.html'. Use 'categories/category_parent.html' for all parent categories and 'categories/category_child.html' for all child categories.") parent = TreeForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, related_name='children') objects = CategoryManager() class Meta: verbose_name = 'category' verbose_name_plural = 'categories' def save(self, *args, **kwargs): orig_full_slug = self.full_slug if self.parent: self.full_slug = "%s%s/" % (self.parent.full_slug, self.slug) else: self.full_slug = "%s/" % self.slug obj = super(Category, self).save(*args, **kwargs) if orig_full_slug != self.full_slug: for child in self.get_children(): child.save() return obj def available_product_set(self): """ Returns available, prioritized products for a category """ from storefront.apparel.models import Product return self.product_set.filter(is_available=True).order_by('-priority') def __unicode__(self): return "%s (%s)" % (self.title, self.full_slug) def get_absolute_url(self): return '/categories/%s' % (self.full_slug)

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  • How can I structure and recode messy categorical data in R?

    - by briandk
    I'm struggling with how to best structure categorical data that's messy, and comes from a dataset I'll need to clean. The Coding Scheme I'm analyzing data from a university science course exam. We're looking at patterns in student responses, and we developed a coding scheme to represent the kinds of things students are doing in their answers. A subset of the coding scheme is shown below. Note that within each major code (1, 2, 3) are nested non-unique sub-codes (a, b, ...). What the Raw Data Looks Like I've created an anonymized, raw subset of my actual data which you can view here. Part of my problem is that those who coded the data noticed that some students displayed multiple patterns. The coders' solution was to create enough columns (reason1, reason2, ...) to hold students with multiple patterns. That becomes important because the order (reason1, reason2) is arbitrary--two students (like student 41 and student 42 in my dataset) who correctly applied "dependency" should both register in an analysis, regardless of whether 3a appears in the reason column or the reason2 column. How Can I Best Structure Student Data? Part of my problem is that in the raw data, not all students display the same patterns, or the same number of them, in the same order. Some students may do just one thing, others may do several. So, an abstracted representation of example students might look like this: Note in the example above that student002 and student003 both are coded as "1b", although I've deliberately shown the order as different to reflect the reality of my data. My (Practical) Questions Should I concatenate reason1, reason2, ... into one column? How can I (re)code the reasons in R to reflect the multiplicity for some students? Thanks I realize this question is as much about good data conceptualization as it is about specific features of R, but I thought it would be appropriate to ask it here. If you feel it's inappropriate for me to ask the question, please let me know in the comments, and stackoverflow will automatically flood my inbox with sadface emoticons. If I haven't been specific enough, please let me know and I'll do my best to be clearer.

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  • PHP: Condense array of similar strings into one merged array

    - by Matt Andrews
    Hi everyone. Working with an array of dates (opening times for a business). I want to condense them to their briefest possible form. So far, I started out with this structure Array ( [Mon] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Tue] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Wed] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Thu] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Sat] => 12noon-11pm [Sun] => 12noon-9:30pm ) What I want to achieve is this: Array ( [Mon-Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Sat] => 12noon-11pm [Sun] => 12noon-9:30pm ) I've tried writing a recursive function and have managed to output this so far: Array ( [Mon-Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Tue-Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Wed-Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Thu-Fri] => 12noon-2:45pm, 5:30pm-10:30pm [Sat] => 12noon-11pm [Sun] => 12noon-9:30pm ) Can anybody see a simple way of comparing the values and combining the keys where they're similar? My recursive function is basically two nested foreach() loops - not very elegant. Thanks, Matt EDIT: Here's my code so far, which produces the 3rd array above (from the first one as input): $last_time = array('t' => '', 'd' => ''); // blank array for looping $i = 0; foreach($final_times as $day=>$time) { if($last_time['t'] != $time ) { // it's a new time if($i != 0) { $print_times[] = $day . ' ' . $time; } // only print if it's not the first, otherwise we get two mondays } else { // this day has the same time as last time $end_day = $day; foreach($final_times as $day2=>$time2) { if($time == $time2) { $end_day = $day2; } } $print_times[] = $last_time['d'] . '-' . $end_day . ' ' . $time; } $last_time = array('t' => $time, 'd' => $day); $i++; }

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  • How to access controller dynamic properties within a base controller's constructor in Grails?

    - by 4h34d
    Basically, I want to be able to assign objects created within filters to members in a base controller from which every controller extends. Any possible way to do that? Here's how I tried, but haven't got to make it work. What I'm trying to achieve is to have all my controllers extend a base controller. The base controller's constructor would be used to assign values to its members, those values being pulled from the session map. Example below. File grails-app/controllers/HomeController.groovy: class HomeController extends BaseController { def index = { render username } } File grails-app/controllers/BaseController.groovy: abstract class BaseController { public String username public BaseController() { username = session.username } } When running the app, the output shown is: 2010-06-15 18:17:16,671 [main] ERROR [localhost].[/webapp] - Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.context.GrailsContextLoaderListener org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'pluginManager' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to locate constructor with Class parameter for class org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.DefaultGrailsControllerClass ... Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to locate constructor with Class parameter for class org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.DefaultGrailsControllerClass ... Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException ... Caused by: org.codehaus.groovy.grails.exceptions.NewInstanceCreationException: Could not create a new instance of class [com.my.package.controller.HomeController]! ... Caused by: groovy.lang.MissingPropertyException: No such property: session for class: com.my.package.controller.HomeController at com.my.package.controller.BaseController.<init>(BaseController.groovy:16) at com.my.package.controller.HomeController.<init>(HomeController.groovy) ... 2010-06-15 18:17:16,687 [main] ERROR core.StandardContext - Error listenerStart 2010-06-15 18:17:16,687 [main] ERROR core.StandardContext - Context [/webapp] startup failed due to previous errors And the app won't run. This is just an example as in my case I wouldn't want to assign a username to a string value, but rather a few objects pulled from the session map. The objects pulled from the session map are being set within filters. The alternative I see is being able to access the controller's instance within the filter's execution. Is that possible? Please help! Thanks a bunch!

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  • How do I update with a newly-created detached entity using NHibernate?

    - by Daniel T.
    Explanation: Let's say I have an object graph that's nested several levels deep and each entity has a bi-directional relationship with each other. A -> B -> C -> D -> E Or in other words, A has a collection of B and B has a reference back to A, and B has a collection of C and C has a reference back to B, etc... Now let's say I want to edit some data for an instance ofC. In Winforms, I would use something like this: var instanceOfC; using (var session = SessionFactory.OpenSession()) { // get the instance of C with Id = 3 instanceOfC = session.Linq<C>().Where(x => x.Id == 3); } SendToUIAndLetUserUpdateData(instanceOfC); using (var session = SessionFactory.OpenSession()) { // re-attach the detached entity and update it session.Update(instanceOfC); } In plain English, we grab a persistent instance out of the database, detach it, give it to the UI layer for editing, then re-attach it and save it back to the database. Problem: This works fine for Winform applications because we're using the same entity all throughout, the only difference being that it goes from persistent to detached to persistent again. The problem occurs when I'm using a web service and a browser, sending over JSON data. In this case, the data that comes back is no longer a detached entity, but rather a transient one that just happens to have the same ID as the persistent one. If I use this entity to update, it will wipe out the relationship to B and D unless I sent the entire object graph over to the UI and got it back in one piece. Question: My question is, how do I serialize detached entities over the web, receive them back, and save them, while preserving any relationships that I didn't explicitly change? I know about ISession.SaveOrUpdateCopy and ISession.Merge() (they seem to do the same thing?), but this will still wipe out the relationships if I don't explicitly set them. I could copy the fields from the transient entity to the persistent entity one by one, but this doesn't work too well when it comes to relationships and I'd have to handle version comparisons manually.

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