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• Python 2.7 and Ubuntu 10.10: X11 fails

  - by c.a.p.

  Against every recommendation I have apt-get remove python in Ubuntu 10.10 (build 2.6.24-29-server x86_64) and apt-get install python2.7 Some built-in software with python2.6 dependencies (like firefox, other minor stuff) was fixed just by apt-get reinstalling or reinstalling from source and the system was stable for one day until I rebooted. Upon booting I got the message "ubuntu is running in low-graphics mode" I have an NVIDIA Quadro NVS 295 256 running on a HP Z600 Workstation so I sudoed: apt-get --purged nvidia* apt-get --purged xserver apt-get install linux-headers-generic apt-get install nvidia-* apt-get install xserver-xorg dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg nvidia-xconfig upon rebooting i get the same "ubuntu is running in low-graphics mode" if I decide to tell the boot menu to restart X, the Ubuntu 10.10 "load screen" shows up and does not do anything for hours. If I "X" the screen remains black for hours; ctrl-c shows that /etc/X11/xorg.conf did not produce any errors just a warning "Type "ONE_LEVEL"...". /var/log/Xorg.0.log issues the following warnings (no errors) (WW) AllowEmptyInput is on (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB is incompatible If I "startX" I get /usr/bin/python: can't find '__main__.py"' in '/usr/share/command-not-found' Before re-installing xserver-xorg however "startX" ran, just by changing the resolution of the tty1 console. Any hints?

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• How to turn off the display in Windows 8 without locking or making computer go to sleep?

  - by darshshah

  How to turn of the display in Windows 8 without locking or making computer go to sleep ? The problem is that when I enable ‘Turn off display after x minutes’ feature from control panel, the device goes into sleep after ‘x’ minutes. It seems that both the options – turn off display/put computer to sleep are connected. It devices goes automatically to sleep mode as soon as the display is turned off. So, is there any method to turn off the display of the device without it going into sleep mode ? Someone wrote in the microsoft forum " The whole key to this problem seems to be the "Turn off the Display" setting. If you have that set to 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, etc...the computer will go to sleep one minute after you lock the screen. With this setting set to "Never", it doesn't do it. So something is wrong there." I want to turnoff the display but don't want to lock the device. Is that also possible ? Thanks

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• Combining MVVM Light Toolkit and Unity 2.0

  - by Alan Cordner

  This is more of a commentary than a question, though feedback would be nice. I have been tasked to create the user interface for a new project we are doing. We want to use WPF and I wanted to learn all of the modern UI design techniques available. Since I am fairly new to WPF I have been researching what is available. I think I have pretty much settled on using MVVM Light Toolkit (mainly because of its "Blendability" and the EventToCommand behavior!), but I wanted to incorporate IoC also. So, here is what I have come up with. I have modified the default ViewModelLocator class in a MVVM Light project to use a UnityContainer to handle dependency injections. Considering I didn't know what 90% of these terms meant 3 months ago, I think I'm on the right track. // Example of MVVM Light Toolkit ViewModelLocator class that implements Microsoft // Unity 2.0 Inversion of Control container to resolve ViewModel dependencies. using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { public class ViewModelLocator { public static UnityContainer Container { get; set; } #region Constructors static ViewModelLocator() { if (Container == null) { Container = new UnityContainer(); // register all dependencies required by view models Container .RegisterType<IDialogService, ModalDialogService>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()) .RegisterType<ILoggerService, LogFileService>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()) ; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the ViewModelLocator class. /// </summary> public ViewModelLocator() { ////if (ViewModelBase.IsInDesignModeStatic) ////{ //// // Create design time view models ////} ////else ////{ //// // Create run time view models ////} CreateMain(); } #endregion #region MainViewModel private static MainViewModel _main; /// <summary> /// Gets the Main property. /// </summary> public static MainViewModel MainStatic { get { if (_main == null) { CreateMain(); } return _main; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the Main property. /// </summary> [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Performance", "CA1822:MarkMembersAsStatic", Justification = "This non-static member is needed for data binding purposes.")] public MainViewModel Main { get { return MainStatic; } } /// <summary> /// Provides a deterministic way to delete the Main property. /// </summary> public static void ClearMain() { _main.Cleanup(); _main = null; } /// <summary> /// Provides a deterministic way to create the Main property. /// </summary> public static void CreateMain() { if (_main == null) { // allow Unity to resolve the view model and hold onto reference _main = Container.Resolve<MainViewModel>(); } } #endregion #region OrderViewModel // property to hold the order number (injected into OrderViewModel() constructor when resolved) public static string OrderToView { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Gets the OrderViewModel property. /// </summary> public static OrderViewModel OrderViewModelStatic { get { // allow Unity to resolve the view model // do not keep local reference to the instance resolved because we need a new instance // each time - the corresponding View is a UserControl that can be used multiple times // within a single window/view // pass current value of OrderToView parameter to constructor! return Container.Resolve<OrderViewModel>(new ParameterOverride("orderNumber", OrderToView)); } } /// <summary> /// Gets the OrderViewModel property. /// </summary> [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Performance", "CA1822:MarkMembersAsStatic", Justification = "This non-static member is needed for data binding purposes.")] public OrderViewModel Order { get { return OrderViewModelStatic; } } #endregion /// <summary> /// Cleans up all the resources. /// </summary> public static void Cleanup() { ClearMain(); Container = null; } } } And the MainViewModel class showing dependency injection usage: using GalaSoft.MvvmLight; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase { private IDialogService _dialogs; private ILoggerService _logger; /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the MainViewModel class. This default constructor calls the /// non-default constructor resolving the interfaces used by this view model. /// </summary> public MainViewModel() : this(ViewModelLocator.Container.Resolve<IDialogService>(), ViewModelLocator.Container.Resolve<ILoggerService>()) { if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. } else { // Code runs "for real" } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the MainViewModel class. /// Interfaces are automatically resolved by the IoC container. /// </summary> /// <param name="dialogs">Interface to dialog service</param> /// <param name="logger">Interface to logger service</param> public MainViewModel(IDialogService dialogs, ILoggerService logger) { _dialogs = dialogs; _logger = logger; if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. _dialogs.ShowMessage("Running in design-time mode!", "Injection Constructor", DialogButton.OK, DialogImage.Information); _logger.WriteLine("Running in design-time mode!"); } else { // Code runs "for real" _dialogs.ShowMessage("Running in run-time mode!", "Injection Constructor", DialogButton.OK, DialogImage.Information); _logger.WriteLine("Running in run-time mode!"); } } public override void Cleanup() { // Clean up if needed _dialogs = null; _logger = null; base.Cleanup(); } } } And the OrderViewModel class: using GalaSoft.MvvmLight; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace MVVMLightUnityExample { /// <summary> /// This class contains properties that a View can data bind to. /// <para> /// Use the <strong>mvvminpc</strong> snippet to add bindable properties to this ViewModel. /// </para> /// <para> /// You can also use Blend to data bind with the tool's support. /// </para> /// <para> /// See http://www.galasoft.ch/mvvm/getstarted /// </para> /// </summary> public class OrderViewModel : ViewModelBase { private const string testOrderNumber = "123456"; private Order _order; /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the OrderViewModel class. /// </summary> public OrderViewModel() : this(testOrderNumber) { } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the OrderViewModel class. /// </summary> public OrderViewModel(string orderNumber) { if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. _order = new Order(orderNumber, "My Company", "Our Address"); } else { _order = GetOrder(orderNumber); } } public override void Cleanup() { // Clean own resources if needed _order = null; base.Cleanup(); } } } And the code that could be used to display an order view for a specific order: public void ShowOrder(string orderNumber) { // pass the order number to show to ViewModelLocator to be injected //into the constructor of the OrderViewModel instance ViewModelLocator.OrderToShow = orderNumber; View.OrderView orderView = new View.OrderView(); } These examples have been stripped down to show only the IoC ideas. It took a lot of trial and error, searching the internet for examples, and finding out that the Unity 2.0 documentation is lacking (at best) to come up with this solution. Let me know if you think it could be improved.

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• Suggestions for duplicate file finder algorithm (using C)

  - by Andrei Ciobanu

  Hello, I wanted to write a program that test if two files are duplicates (have exactly the same content). First I test if the files have the same sizes, and if they have i start to compare their contents. My first idea, was to "split" the files into fixed size blocks, then start a thread for every block, fseek to startup character of every block and continue the comparisons in parallel. When a comparison from a thread fails, the other working threads are canceled, and the program exits out of the thread spawning loop. The code looks like this: dupf.h #ifndef __NM__DUPF__H__ #define __NM__DUPF__H__ #define NUM_THREADS 15 #define BLOCK_SIZE 8192 /* Thread argument structure */ struct thread_arg_s { const char *name_f1; /* First file name */ const char *name_f2; /* Second file name */ int cursor; /* Where to seek in the file */ }; typedef struct thread_arg_s thread_arg; /** * 'arg' is of type thread_arg. * Checks if the specified file blocks are * duplicates. */ void *check_block_dup(void *arg); /** * Checks if two files are duplicates */ int check_dup(const char *name_f1, const char *name_f2); /** * Returns a valid pointer to a file. * If the file (given by the path/name 'fname') cannot be opened * in 'mode', the program is interrupted an error message is shown. **/ FILE *safe_fopen(const char *name, const char *mode); #endif dupf.c #include <errno.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> #include "dupf.h" FILE *safe_fopen(const char *fname, const char *mode) { FILE *f = NULL; f = fopen(fname, mode); if (f == NULL) { char emsg[255]; sprintf(emsg, "FOPEN() %s\t", fname); perror(emsg); exit(-1); } return (f); } void *check_block_dup(void *arg) { const char *name_f1 = NULL, *name_f2 = NULL; /* File names */ FILE *f1 = NULL, *f2 = NULL; /* Streams */ int cursor = 0; /* Reading cursor */ char buff_f1[BLOCK_SIZE], buff_f2[BLOCK_SIZE]; /* Character buffers */ int rchars_1, rchars_2; /* Readed characters */ /* Initializing variables from 'arg' */ name_f1 = ((thread_arg*)arg)->name_f1; name_f2 = ((thread_arg*)arg)->name_f2; cursor = ((thread_arg*)arg)->cursor; /* Opening files */ f1 = safe_fopen(name_f1, "r"); f2 = safe_fopen(name_f2, "r"); /* Setup cursor in files */ fseek(f1, cursor, SEEK_SET); fseek(f2, cursor, SEEK_SET); /* Initialize buffers */ rchars_1 = fread(buff_f1, 1, BLOCK_SIZE, f1); rchars_2 = fread(buff_f2, 1, BLOCK_SIZE, f2); if (rchars_1 != rchars_2) { /* fread failed to read the same portion. * program cannot continue */ perror("ERROR WHEN READING BLOCK"); exit(-1); } while (rchars_1-->0) { if (buff_f1[rchars_1] != buff_f2[rchars_1]) { /* Different characters */ fclose(f1); fclose(f2); pthread_exit("notdup"); } } /* Close streams */ fclose(f1); fclose(f2); pthread_exit("dup"); } int check_dup(const char *name_f1, const char *name_f2) { int num_blocks = 0; /* Number of 'blocks' to check */ int num_tsp = 0; /* Number of threads spawns */ int tsp_iter = 0; /* Iterator for threads spawns */ pthread_t *tsp_threads = NULL; thread_arg *tsp_threads_args = NULL; int tsp_threads_iter = 0; int thread_c_res = 0; /* Thread creation result */ int thread_j_res = 0; /* Thread join res */ int loop_res = 0; /* Function result */ int cursor; struct stat buf_f1; struct stat buf_f2; if (name_f1 == NULL || name_f2 == NULL) { /* Invalid input parameters */ perror("INVALID FNAMES\t"); return (-1); } if (stat(name_f1, &buf_f1) != 0 || stat(name_f2, &buf_f2) != 0) { /* Stat fails */ char emsg[255]; sprintf(emsg, "STAT() ERROR: %s %s\t", name_f1, name_f2); perror(emsg); return (-1); } if (buf_f1.st_size != buf_f2.st_size) { /* File have different sizes */ return (1); } /* Files have the same size, function exec. is continued */ num_blocks = (buf_f1.st_size / BLOCK_SIZE) + 1; num_tsp = (num_blocks / NUM_THREADS) + 1; cursor = 0; for (tsp_iter = 0; tsp_iter < num_tsp; tsp_iter++) { loop_res = 0; /* Create threads array for this spawn */ tsp_threads = malloc(NUM_THREADS * sizeof(*tsp_threads)); if (tsp_threads == NULL) { perror("TSP_THREADS ALLOC FAILURE\t"); return (-1); } /* Create arguments for every thread in the current spawn */ tsp_threads_args = malloc(NUM_THREADS * sizeof(*tsp_threads_args)); if (tsp_threads_args == NULL) { perror("TSP THREADS ARGS ALLOCA FAILURE\t"); return (-1); } /* Initialize arguments and create threads */ for (tsp_threads_iter = 0; tsp_threads_iter < NUM_THREADS; tsp_threads_iter++) { if (cursor >= buf_f1.st_size) { break; } tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].name_f1 = name_f1; tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].name_f2 = name_f2; tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter].cursor = cursor; thread_c_res = pthread_create( &tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter], NULL, check_block_dup, (void*)&tsp_threads_args[tsp_threads_iter]); if (thread_c_res != 0) { perror("THREAD CREATION FAILURE"); return (-1); } cursor+=BLOCK_SIZE; } /* Join last threads and get their status */ while (tsp_threads_iter-->0) { void *thread_res = NULL; thread_j_res = pthread_join(tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter], &thread_res); if (thread_j_res != 0) { perror("THREAD JOIN FAILURE"); return (-1); } if (strcmp((char*)thread_res, "notdup")==0) { loop_res++; /* Closing other threads and exiting by condition * from loop. */ while (tsp_threads_iter-->0) { pthread_cancel(tsp_threads[tsp_threads_iter]); } } } free(tsp_threads); free(tsp_threads_args); if (loop_res > 0) { break; } } return (loop_res > 0) ? 1 : 0; } The function works fine (at least for what I've tested). Still, some guys from #C (freenode) suggested that the solution is overly complicated, and it may perform poorly because of parallel reading on hddisk. What I want to know: Is the threaded approach flawed by default ? Is fseek() so slow ? Is there a way to somehow map the files to memory and then compare them ?

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• Python - pickling fails for numpy.void objects

  - by I82Much

  >>> idmapfile = open("idmap", mode="w") >>> pickle.dump(idMap, idmapfile) >>> idmapfile.close() >>> idmapfile = open("idmap") >>> unpickled = pickle.load(idmapfile) >>> unpickled == idMap False idMap[1] {1537: (552, 1, 1537, 17.793827056884766, 3), 1540: (4220, 1, 1540, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1544: (592, 1, 1544, 18.129131317138672, 3), 1675: (529, 1, 1675, 18.347782135009766, 3), 1550: (4048, 1, 1550, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1424: (1528, 1, 1424, 19.744396209716797, 3), 1681: (1265, 1, 1681, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1560: (3457, 1, 1560, 20.530569076538086, 3), 1690: (477, 1, 1690, 17.395542144775391, 3), 1691: (554, 1, 1691, 13.446117401123047, 3), 1436: (3010, 1, 1436, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1434: (3183, 1, 1434, 19.744396209716797, 3), 1441: (3570, 1, 1441, 20.589576721191406, 3), 1435: (476, 1, 1435, 19.640911102294922, 3), 1444: (527, 1, 1444, 17.98480224609375, 3), 1478: (1897, 1, 1478, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1575: (614, 1, 1575, 19.371648788452148, 3), 1586: (2189, 1, 1586, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1716: (3470, 1, 1716, 19.158674240112305, 3), 1590: (2278, 1, 1590, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1463: (991, 1, 1463, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1594: (1890, 1, 1594, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1467: (1087, 1, 1467, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1596: (3759, 1, 1596, 19.744396209716797, 3), 1602: (3011, 1, 1602, 20.530569076538086, 3), 1547: (490, 1, 1547, 17.994071960449219, 3), 1605: (658, 1, 1605, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1606: (1794, 1, 1606, 16.964881896972656, 3), 1719: (1826, 1, 1719, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1617: (583, 1, 1617, 11.894925117492676, 3), 1492: (3441, 1, 1492, 20.500667572021484, 3), 1622: (3215, 1, 1622, 19.31205940246582, 3), 1628: (2761, 1, 1628, 19.744396209716797, 3), 1502: (1563, 1, 1502, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1632: (1108, 1, 1632, 15.457141876220703, 3), 1468: (3779, 1, 1468, 19.596025466918945, 3), 1642: (3970, 1, 1642, 19.744396209716797, 3), 1518: (612, 1, 1518, 18.570245742797852, 3), 1647: (854, 1, 1647, 16.964881896972656, 3), 1650: (2099, 1, 1650, 20.439058303833008, 3), 1651: (540, 1, 1651, 18.552841186523438, 3), 1653: (613, 1, 1653, 19.237197875976563, 3), 1532: (537, 1, 1532, 18.885730743408203, 3)} >>> unpickled[1] {1537: (64880, 1638, 56700, -1.0808743559293829e+18, 152), 1540: (64904, 1638, 0, 0.0, 0), 1544: (54472, 1490, 0, 0.0, 0), 1675: (6464, 1509, 0, 0.0, 0), 1550: (43592, 1510, 0, 0.0, 0), 1424: (43616, 1510, 0, 0.0, 0), 1681: (0, 0, 0, 0.0, 0), 1560: (400, 152, 400, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1690: (408, 152, 408, 2.7201111331839077e+26, 34), 1435: (424, 152, 61512, 1.0122952080313192e-39, 0), 1436: (400, 152, 400, 20.250289916992188, 3), 1434: (424, 152, 62080, 1.0122952080313192e-39, 0), 1441: (400, 152, 400, 12.250144958496094, 3), 1691: (424, 152, 42608, 15.813941955566406, 3), 1444: (400, 152, 400, 19.625289916992187, 3), 1606: (424, 152, 42432, 5.2947192852601414e-22, 41), 1575: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1586: (424, 152, 42488, 1.0122601755697111e-39, 0), 1716: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1590: (424, 152, 64144, 1.0126357235581501e-39, 0), 1463: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1594: (424, 152, 32672, 17.002994537353516, 3), 1467: (400, 152, 400, 19.750289916992187, 3), 1596: (424, 152, 7176, 1.0124003054161436e-39, 0), 1602: (400, 152, 400, 18.500289916992188, 3), 1547: (424, 152, 7000, 1.0124003054161436e-39, 0), 1605: (400, 152, 400, 20.500289916992188, 3), 1478: (424, 152, 42256, -6.0222748507426518e+30, 222), 1719: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1617: (424, 152, 16472, 1.0124283313854301e-39, 0), 1492: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1622: (424, 152, 35304, 1.0123190301052127e-39, 0), 1628: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1502: (424, 152, 63152, 19.627988815307617, 3), 1632: (400, 152, 400, 19.375289916992188, 3), 1468: (424, 152, 38088, 1.0124213248931084e-39, 0), 1642: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1518: (424, 152, 63896, 1.0127436235399031e-39, 0), 1647: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0), 1650: (424, 152, 53424, 16.752857208251953, 3), 1651: (400, 152, 400, 19.250289916992188, 3), 1653: (424, 152, 50624, 1.0126497365427934e-39, 0), 1532: (400, 152, 400, 6.2537390010262572e-36, 0)} The keys come out fine, the values are screwed up. I tried same thing loading file in binary mode; didn't fix the problem. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Edit: Here's the code with binary. Note that the values are different in the unpickled object. >>> idmapfile = open("idmap", mode="wb") >>> pickle.dump(idMap, idmapfile) >>> idmapfile.close() >>> idmapfile = open("idmap", mode="rb") >>> unpickled = pickle.load(idmapfile) >>> unpickled==idMap False >>> unpickled[1] {1537: (12176, 2281, 56700, -1.0808743559293829e+18, 152), 1540: (0, 0, 15934, 2.7457842047810522e+26, 108), 1544: (400, 152, 400, 4.9518498821046956e+27, 53), 1675: (408, 152, 408, 2.7201111331839077e+26, 34), 1550: (456, 152, 456, -1.1349175514578289e+18, 152), 1424: (432, 152, 432, 4.5939047815653343e-40, 11), 1681: (408, 152, 408, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1560: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1690: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1435: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1436: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1434: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1441: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1691: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1444: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1606: (25784, 2281, 376, -3.2883343074537754e+26, 34), 1575: (24240, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1586: (24240, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1716: (24240, 2281, 376, -3.0093091599657311e-35, 26), 1590: (24240, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1463: (24240, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1594: (24240, 2281, 376, -4123208450048.0, 196), 1467: (25784, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1596: (25784, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1602: (25784, 2281, 376, -5.9963281433905448e+26, 76), 1547: (25784, 2281, 376, -218106240.0, 139), 1605: (25784, 2281, 376, -3.7138649803377281e+27, 56), 1478: (376, 152, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1719: (25784, 2281, 376, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1617: (25784, 2281, 376, -1.4411779941597184e+17, 237), 1492: (25784, 2281, 376, 2.8596493694487798e-30, 80), 1622: (25784, 2281, 376, 184686084096.0, 93), 1628: (1336, 152, 1336, 3.1691839245470052e+29, 179), 1502: (1272, 152, 1272, -5.2042207205116645e-17, 99), 1632: (1208, 152, 1208, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1468: (1144, 152, 1144, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1642: (1080, 152, 1080, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1518: (1016, 152, 1016, 4.0240902787680023e+35, 145), 1647: (952, 152, 952, -985172619034624.0, 237), 1650: (888, 152, 888, 12094787289088.0, 66), 1651: (824, 152, 824, 2.1299736657737219e-43, 0), 1653: (760, 152, 760, 0.00018310768064111471, 238), 1532: (696, 152, 696, 8.8978061885676389e+26, 125)} OK I've isolated the problem, but don't know why it's so. First, apparently what I'm pickling are not tuples (though they look like it), but instead numpy.void types. Here is a series to illustrate the problem. first = run0.detections[0] >>> first (1, 19, 1578, 82.637763977050781, 1) >>> type(first) <type 'numpy.void'> >>> firstTuple = tuple(first) >>> theFile = open("pickleTest", "w") >>> pickle.dump(first, theFile) >>> theTupleFile = open("pickleTupleTest", "w") >>> pickle.dump(firstTuple, theTupleFile) >>> theFile.close() >>> theTupleFile.close() >>> first (1, 19, 1578, 82.637763977050781, 1) >>> firstTuple (1, 19, 1578, 82.637764, 1) >>> theFile = open("pickleTest", "r") >>> theTupleFile = open("pickleTupleTest", "r") >>> unpickledTuple = pickle.load(theTupleFile) >>> unpickledVoid = pickle.load(theFile) >>> type(unpickledVoid) <type 'numpy.void'> >>> type(unpickledTuple) <type 'tuple'> >>> unpickledTuple (1, 19, 1578, 82.637764, 1) >>> unpickledTuple == firstTuple True >>> unpickledVoid == first False >>> unpickledVoid (7936, 1705, 56700, -1.0808743559293829e+18, 152) >>> first (1, 19, 1578, 82.637763977050781, 1)

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• Why should you choose Oracle WebLogic 12c instead of JBoss EAP 6?

  - by Ricardo Ferreira

  In this post, I will cover some technical differences between Oracle WebLogic 12c and JBoss EAP 6, which was released a couple days ago from Red Hat. This article claims to help you in the evaluation of key points that you should consider when choosing for an Java EE application server. In the following sections, I will present to you some important aspects that most customers ask us when they are seriously evaluating for an middleware infrastructure, specially if you are considering JBoss for some reason. I would suggest that you keep the following question in mind while you are reading the points: "Why should I choose JBoss instead of WebLogic?" 1) Multi Datacenter Deployment and Clustering - D/R ("Disaster & Recovery") architecture support is embedded on the WebLogic Server 12c product. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no direct D/R support included, Red Hat relies on third-part tools with higher prices. When you consider a middleware solution to host your business critical application, you should worry with every architectural aspect that are related with the solution. Fail-over support is one little aspect of a truly reliable solution. If you do not worry about D/R, your solution will not be reliable. Having said that, with Red Hat and JBoss EAP 6, you have this extra cost that will increase considerably the total cost of ownership of the solution. As we commonly hear from analysts, open-source are not so cheaper when you start seeing the big picture. - WebLogic Server 12c supports advanced LAN clustering, detection of death servers and have a common alert framework. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has limited LAN clustering support with no server death detection. They do not generate any alerts when servers goes down (only if you buy JBoss ON which is a separated technology, but until now does not support JBoss EAP 6) and manual intervention are required when servers goes down. In most cases, admin people must rely on "kill -9", "tail -f someFile.log" and "ps ax | grep java" commands to manage failures and clustering anomalies. - WebLogic Server 12c supports the concept of Node Manager, which is a separated process that runs on the physical | virtual servers that allows extend the administration of the cluster to WebLogic managed servers that are often distributed across multiple machines and geographic locations. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no equivalent technology. Whole server instances must be managed individually. - WebLogic Server 12c Node Manager supports Coherence to boost performance when managing servers. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no similar technology. There is no way to coordinate JBoss and infiniband instances provided by JBoss using high throughput and low latency protocols like InfiniBand. The Node Manager feature also allows another very important feature that JBoss EAP lacks: secure the administration. When using WebLogic Node Manager, all the administration tasks are sent to the managed servers in a secure tunel protected by a certificate, which means that the transport layer that separates the WebLogic administration console from the managed servers are secured by SSL. - WebLogic Server 12c are now integrated with OTD ("Oracle Traffic Director") which is a web server technology derived from the former Sun iPlanet Web Server. This software complements the web server support offered by OHS ("Oracle HTTP Server"). Using OTD, WebLogic instances are load-balanced by a high powerful software that knows how to handle SDP ("Socket Direct Protocol") over InfiniBand, which boost performance when used with engineered systems technologies like Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand only offers support to Apache Web Server with custom modules created to deal with JBoss clusters, but only across standard TCP/IP networks.  2) Application and Runtime Diagnostics - WebLogic Server 12c have diagnostics capabilities embedded on the server called WLDF ("WebLogic Diagnostic Framework") so there is no need to rely on third-part tools. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no diagnostics capabilities. Their only diagnostics tool is the log generated by the application server. Admin people are encouraged to analyse thousands of log lines to find out what is going on. - WebLogic Server 12c complement WLDF with JRockit MC ("Mission Control"), which provides to administrators and developers a complete insight about the JVM performance, behavior and possible bottlenecks. WebLogic Server 12c also have an classloader analysis tool embedded, and even a log analyzer tool that enables administrators and developers to view logs of multiple servers at the same time. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand relies on third-part tools to do something similar. Again, only log searching are offered to find out whats going on. - WebLogic Server 12c offers end-to-end traceability and monitoring available through Oracle EM ("Enterprise Manager"), including monitoring of business transactions that flows through web servers, ESBs, application servers and database servers, all of this with high deep JVM analysis and diagnostics. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand, even using JBoss ON ("Operations Network"), which is a separated technology, does not support those features. Red Hat relies on third-part tools to provide direct Oracle database traceability across JVMs. One of those tools are Oracle EM for non-Oracle middleware that manage JBoss, Tomcat, Websphere and IIS transparently. - WebLogic Server 12c with their JRockit support offers a tool called JRockit Flight Recorder, which can give developers a complete visibility of a certain period of application production monitoring with zero extra overhead. This automatic recording allows you to deep analyse threads latency, memory leaks, thread contention, resource utilization, stack overflow damages and GC ("Garbage Collection") cycles, to observe in real time stop-the-world phenomenons, generational, reference count and parallel collects and mutator threads analysis. JBoss EAP 6 don't even dream to support something similar, even because they don't have their own JVM. 3) Application Server Administration - WebLogic Server 12c offers a complete administration console complemented with scripting and macro-like recording capabilities. A single WebLogic console can managed up to hundreds of WebLogic servers belonging to the same domain. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a limited console and provides a XML centric administration. JBoss, after ten years, started the development of a rudimentary centralized administration that still leave a lot of administration tasks aside, so admin people and developers must touch scripts and XML configuration files for most advanced and even simple administration tasks. This lead applications to error prone and risky deployments. Even using JBoss ON, JBoss EAP are not able to offer decent administration features for admin people which must be high skilled in JBoss internal architecture and its managing capabilities. - Oracle EM is available to manage multiple domains, databases, application servers, operating systems and virtualization, with a complete end-to-end visibility. JBoss ON does not provide management capabilities across the complete architecture, only basic monitoring. Even deployment must be done aside JBoss ON which does no integrate well with others softwares than JBoss. Until now, JBoss ON does not supports JBoss EAP 6, so even their minimal support for JBoss are not available for JBoss EAP 6 leaving customers uncovered and subject to high skilled JBoss admin people. - WebLogic Server 12c has the same administration model whatever is the topology selected by the customer. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand differentiates between two operational models: standalone-mode and domain-mode, that are not consistent with each other. Depending on the mode used, the administration skill is different. - WebLogic Server 12c has no point-of-failures processes, and it does not need to define any specialized server. Domain model in WebLogic is available for years (at least ten years or more) and is production proven. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand needs special processes to garantee JBoss integrity, the PC ("Process-Controller") and the HC ("Host-Controller"). Different from WebLogic, the domain model in JBoss is quite new (one year at tops) of maturity, and need to mature considerably until start doing things like WebLogic domain model does. - WebLogic Server 12c supports parallel deployment model which enables some artifacts being deployed at the same time. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not have any similar feature. Every deployment are done atomically in the containers. This means that if you have a huge EAR (an EAR of 120 MB of size for instance) and deploy onto JBoss EAP 6, this EAR will take some minutes in order to starting accept thread requests. The same EAR deployed onto WebLogic Server 12c will reduce the deployment time at least in 2X compared to JBoss. 4) Support and Upgrades - WebLogic Server 12c has patch management available. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no patch management available, each JBoss EAP instance should be patched manually. To achieve such feature, you need to buy a separated technology called JBoss ON ("Operations Network") that manage this type of stuff. But until now, JBoss ON does not support JBoss EAP 6 so, in practice, JBoss EAP 6 does not have this feature. - WebLogic Server 12c supports previuous WebLogic domains without any reconfiguration since its kernel is robust and mature since its creation in 1995. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a proven lack of supportability between JBoss AS 4, 5, 6 and 7. Different kernels and messaging engines were implemented in JBoss stack in the last five years reveling their incapacity to create a well architected and proven middleware technology. - WebLogic Server 12c has patch prescription based on customer configuration. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such capability. People need to create ticket supports and have their installations revised by Red Hat support guys to gain some patch prescription from them. - Oracle WebLogic Server independent of the version has 8 years of support of new patches and has lifetime release of existing patches beyond that. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand provides patches for a specific application server version up to 5 years after the release date. JBoss EAP 4 and previous versions had only 4 years. A good question that Red Hat will argue to answer is: "what happens when you find issues after year 5"?  5) RAC ("Real Application Clusters") Support - WebLogic Server 12c ships with a specific JDBC driver to leverage Oracle RAC clustering capabilities (Fast-Application-Notification, Transaction Affinity, Fast-Connection-Failover, etc). Oracle JDBC thin driver are also available. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand ships only the standard Oracle JDBC thin driver. Load balancing with Oracle RAC are not supported. Manual intervention in case of planned or unplanned RAC downtime are necessary. In JBoss EAP 6, situation does not reestablish automatically after downtime. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called Active GridLink for Oracle RAC which provides up to 3X performance on OLTP applications. This seamless integration between WebLogic and Oracle database enable more value added to critical business applications leveraging their investments in Oracle database technology and Oracle middleware. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no performance gains at all, even when admin people implement some kind of connection-pooling tuning. - WebLogic Server 12c also supports transaction and web session affinity to the Oracle RAC, which provides aditional gains of performance. This is particularly interesting if you are creating a reliable solution that are distributed not only in an LAN cluster, but into a different data center. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such support. 6) Standards and Technology Support - WebLogic Server 12c is fully Java EE 6 compatible and production ready since december of 2011. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand became fully compatible with Java EE 6 only in the community version after three months, and production ready only in a few days considering that this article was written in June of 2012. Red Hat says that they are the masters of innovation and technology proliferation, but compared with Oracle and even other proprietary vendors like IBM, they historically speaking are lazy to deliver the most newest technologies and standards adherence. - Oracle is the steward of Java, driving innovation into the platform from commercial and open-source vendors. Red Hat on the other hand does not have its own JVM and relies on third-part JVMs to complete their application server offer. 95% of Red Hat customers are using Oracle HotSpot as JVM, which means that without Oracle involvement, their support are limited exclusively to the application server layer and we all know that most problems are happens in the JVM layer. - WebLogic Server 12c supports natively JDK 7, which empower developers to explore the maximum of the Java platform productivity when writing code. This feature differentiate WebLogic from others application servers (except GlassFish that are also managed by Oracle) because the usage of JDK 7 introduce such remarkable productivity features like the "try-with-resources" enhancement, catching multiple exceptions with one try block, Strings in the switch statements, JVM improvements in terms of JDBC, I/O, networking, security, concurrency and of course, the most important feature of Java 7: native support for multiple non-Java languages. More features regarding JDK 7 can be found here. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not support JDK 7 officially, they comment in their community version that "Java SE 7 can be used with JBoss 7" which does not gives you any guarantees of enterprise support for JDK 7. - Oracle WebLogic Server 12c supports integration with Spring framework allowing Spring applications to use WebLogic special transaction manager, exposing bean interfaces to WebLogic MBeans to take advantage of all WebLogic monitoring and administration advantages. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no special integration with Spring. In fact, Red Hat offers a suspicious package called "JBoss Web Platform" that in theory supports Spring, but in practice this package does not offers any special integration. It is just a facility for Red Hat customers to have support from both JBoss and Spring technology using the same customer support. 7) Lightweight Development - Oracle WebLogic Server 12c and Oracle GlassFish are completely integrated and can share applications without any modifications. Starting with the 12c version, WebLogic now understands natively GlassFish deployment descriptors and specific configurations in order to offer you a truly and reliable migration path from a community Java EE application server to a enterprise middleware product like WebLogic. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no support to natively reuse an existing (or still in development) application from JBoss AS community server. Users of JBoss suffer of critical issues during deployment time that includes: changing the libraries and dependencies of the application, patching the DTD or XSD deployment descriptors, refactoring of the application layers due classloading issues and anomalies, rebuilding of persistence, business and web layers due issues with "usage of the certified version of an certain dependency" or "frameworks that Red Hat potentially does not recommend" etc. If you have the culture or enterprise IT directive of developing Java EE applications using community middleware to in a certain future, transition to enterprise (supported by a vendor) middleware, Oracle WebLogic plus Oracle GlassFish offers you a more sustainable solution. - WebLogic Server 12c has a very light ZIP distribution (less than 165 MB). JBoss EAP 6 ZIP size is around 130 MB, together with JBoss ON you have more 100 MB resulting in a higher download footprint. This is particularly interesting if you plan to use automated setup of application server instances (for example, to rapidly setup a development or staging environment) using Maven or Hudson. - WebLogic Server 12c has a complete integration with Maven allowing developers to setup WebLogic domains with few commands. Tasks like downloading WebLogic, installation, domain creation, data sources deployment are completely integrated. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a limited offer integration with those tools.  - WebLogic Server 12c has a startup mode called WLX that turns-off EJB, JMS and JCA containers leaving enabled only the web container with Java EE 6 web profile. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such feature, you need to disable manually the containers that you do not want to use. - WebLogic Server 12c supports fastswap, which enables you to change classes without redeployment. This is particularly interesting if you are developing patches for the application that is already deployed and you do not want to redeploy the entire application. This is the same behavior that most application servers offers to JSP pages, but with WebLogic Server 12c, you have the same feature for Java classes in general. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such support. Even JBoss EAP 5 does not support this until now. 8) JMS and Messaging - WebLogic Server 12c has a proven and high scalable JMS implementation since its initial release in 1995. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a still immature technology called HornetQ, which was introduced in JBoss EAP 5 replacing everything that was implemented in the previous versions. Red Hat loves to introduce new technologies across JBoss versions, playing around with customers and their investments. And when they are asked about why they have changed the implementation and caused such a mess, their answer is always: "the previous implementation was inadequate and not aligned with the community strategy so we are creating a new a improved one". This Red Hat practice leads to uncomfortable investments that in a near future (sometimes less than a year) will be affected in someway. - WebLogic Server 12c has troubleshooting and monitoring features included on the WebLogic console and WLDF. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no direct monitoring on the console, activity is reflected only on the logs, no debug logs available in case of JMS issues. - WebLogic Server 12c has extremely good performance and scalability. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a JMS storage mechanism relying on Oracle database or MySQL. This means that if an issue in production happens and Red Hat affirms that an performance issue is happening due to database problems, they will not support you on the performance issue. They will orient you to call Oracle instead. - WebLogic Server 12c supports messaging enterprise features like SAF ("Store and Forward"), Distributed Queues/Topics and Foreign JMS providers support that leverage JMS implementations without compromise developer code making things completely transparent. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand do not even dream to support such features. 9) Caching and Grid - Coherence, which is the leading and most mature data grid technology from Oracle, is available since early 2000 and was integrated with WebLogic in 2009. Coherence and WebLogic clusters can be both managed from WebLogic administrative console. Even Node Manager supports Coherence. JBoss on the other hand discontinued JBoss Cache, which was their caching implementation just like they did with the messaging implementation (JBossMQ) which was a issue for long term customers. JBoss EAP 6 ships InfiniSpan version 1.0 which is immature and lack a proven record of successful cases and reliability. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called ActiveCache which uses Coherence to, without any code changes, replicate HTTP sessions from both WebLogic and other application servers like JBoss, Tomcat, Websphere, GlassFish and even Microsoft IIS. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does have such support and even when they do in the future, they probably will support only their own application server. - Coherence can be used to manage both L1 and L2 cache levels, providing support to Oracle TopLink and others JPA compliant implementations, even Hibernate. JBoss EAP 6 and Infinispan on the other hand supports only Hibernate. And most important of all: Infinispan does not have any successful case of L1 or L2 caching level support using Hibernate, which lead us to reflect about its viability. 10) Performance - WebLogic Server 12c is certified with Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud and can run unchanged applications at this engineered system. This approach can benefit customers from Exalogic optimization's of both kernel and JVM layers to boost performance in terms of 10X for web, OLTP, JMS and grid applications. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no investment on engineered systems: customers do not have the choice to deploy on a Java ultra fast system if their project becomes relevant and performance issues are detected. - WebLogic Server 12c maintains a performance gain across each new release: starting on WebLogic 5.1, the overall performance gain has been close to 4X, which close to a 20% gain release by release. JBoss on the other hand does not provide SPECJAppServer or SPECJEnterprise performance benchmarks. Their so called "performance gains" remains hidden in their customer environments, which lead us to think if it is true or not since we will never get access to those environments. - WebLogic Server 12c has industry performance benchmarks with submissions across platforms and configurations leading SPECJ. Oracle WebLogic leads SPECJAppServer performance in multiple categories, fitting all customer topologies like: dual-node, single-node, multi-node and multi-node with RAC. JBoss... again, does not provide any SPECJAppServer performance benchmarks. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called work manager which allows your application to embrace new performance levels based on critical resource utilization of the CPUs usage. Work managers prioritizes work and allocates threads based on an execution model that takes into account administrator-defined parameters and actual run-time performance and throughput. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no compared feature and probably they never will. Not supporting such feature like work managers, JBoss EAP 6 forces admin people and specially developers to uncover performance gains in a intrusive way, rewriting the code and doing performance refactorings. 11) Professional Services Support - WebLogic Server 12c and any other technology sold by Oracle give customers the possibility of hire OCS ("Oracle Consulting Services") to manage critical scenarios, deployment assistance of new applications, high skilled consultancy of architecture, best practices and people allocation together with customer teams. All OCS services are available without any restrictions, having the customer bought software from Oracle or just starting their implementation before any acquisition. JBoss EAP 6 or Red Hat to be more specifically, only offers professional services if you buy subscriptions from them. If you are developing a new critical application for your business and need the help of Red Hat for a serious issue or architecture decision, they will probably say: "OK... I can help you but after you buy subscriptions from me". Red Hat also does not allows their professional services consultants to manage environments that uses community based software. They will probably force you to first buy a subscription, download their "enterprise" version and them, optionally hire their consultants. - Oracle provides you our university to educate your team into our technologies, including of course specialized trainings of WebLogic application server. At any time and location, you can hire Oracle to train your team so you get trustful knowledge according to your specific needs. Certifications for the products are also available if your technical people desire to differentiate themselves as professionals. Red Hat on the other hand have a limited pool of resources to train your team in their technologies. Basically they are selling training and certification for RHEL ("Red Hat Enterprise Linux") but if you demand more specialized training in JBoss middleware, they will probably connect you to some "certified" partner localized training since they are apparently discontinuing their education center, at least here in Brazil. They were not able to reproduce their success with RHEL education to their middleware division since they need first sell the subscriptions to after gives you specialized training. And again, they only offer you specialized training based on their enterprise version (EAP in the case of JBoss) which means that the courses will be a quite outdated. There are reports of developers that took official training's from Red Hat at this year (2012) and in a certain JBoss advanced course, Red Hat supposedly covered JBossMQ as the messaging subsystem, and even the printed material provided was based on JBossMQ since the training was created for JBoss EAP 4.3. 12) Encouraging Transparency without Ulterior Motives - WebLogic Server 12c like any other software from Oracle can be downloaded any time from anywhere, you should only possess an OTN ("Oracle Technology Network") credential and you can download any enterprise software how many times you want. And is not some kind of "trial" version. It is the official binaries that will be running for ever in your data center. Oracle does not encourages the usage of "specific versions" of our software. The binaries you buy from Oracle are the same binaries anyone in the world could download and use for testing and personal education. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand are not available for download unless you buy a subscription and get access to the Red Hat enterprise repositories. If you need to test, learn or just start creating your application using Red Hat's middleware software, you should download it from the community website. You are not allowed to download the enterprise version that, according to Red Hat are more secure, reliable and robust. But no one of us want to start the development of a software with an unsecured, unreliable and not scalable middleware right? So what you do? You are "invited" by Red Hat to buy subscriptions from them to get access to the "cool" version of the software. - WebLogic Server 12c prices are publicly available in the Oracle website. If you want to know right now how much WebLogic will cost to your organization, just click here and get access to our price list. In the case of WebLogic, check out the "US Oracle Technology Commercial Price List". Oracle also encourages you to get in touch with a sales representative to discuss discounts that would make possible the investment into our technology. But you are not required to do this, only if you are interested in buying our technology or maybe you want to discuss some discount scenarios. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not have its cost publicly available in Red Hat's website or in any other media, at least is not so easy to get such information. The only link you will possibly find in their website is a "Contact a Sales Representative" link. This is not a very good relationship between an customer and an vendor. This is not an example of transparency, mainly when the software are sold as open. In this situations, customers expects to see the software prices publicly available, so they can have the chance to decide, based on the existing features of the software, if the cost is fair or not. Conclusion Oracle WebLogic is the most mature, secure, reliable and scalable Java EE application server of the market, and have a proven record of success around the globe to prove it's majority. Don't lose the chance to discover today how WebLogic could fit your needs and sustain your global IT middleware strategy, no matter if your strategy are completely based on the Cloud or not.

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• Sonicwall VPN, Domain Controller Issues

  - by durilai

  I am trying to get the domain logon script to execute when I connect to VPN. I have a SonicWall 4060PRO, with the SonicOS Enhanced 4.2.0.0-10e. The VPN connects successfully, but the script does not execute. I am posting the log below, but I see two issues. The first is the inability to connect to domain. 2009/12/18 19:49:53:457 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NetGetDCName failed: Could not find domain controller for this domain. The second is the failure of the script. 2009/12/18 19:49:53:466 Warning XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Failed to execute script file \DT-WIN7netlogondomain.bat, Last Error: The network name cannot be found.. I assume the second issue is caused because of the first, also on the second issue it seems to be trying to get the logon script from my local PC, not the server. Finally, the DC can be pinged and reached by its computer name once the VPN is connected. The shares that the script is tring to map can be mapped manually. Any help is appreciated. 2009/12/18 19:49:31:063 Information The connection "GroupVPN_0006B1030980" has been enabled. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:223 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting ISAKMP phase 1 negotiation. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:289 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting aggressive mode phase 1 exchange. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:289 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NAT Detected: Local host is behind a NAT device. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:289 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX The SA lifetime for phase 1 is 28800 seconds. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:289 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Phase 1 has completed. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:336 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received XAuth request. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:336 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX XAuth has requested a username but one has not yet been specified. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:336 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Sending phase 1 delete. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:336 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX User authentication information is needed to complete the connection. 2009/12/18 19:49:32:393 Information An incoming ISAKMP packet from XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX was ignored. 2009/12/18 19:49:36:962 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting ISAKMP phase 1 negotiation. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:036 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting aggressive mode phase 1 exchange. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:036 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NAT Detected: Local host is behind a NAT device. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:036 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX The SA lifetime for phase 1 is 28800 seconds. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:036 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Phase 1 has completed. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:094 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received XAuth request. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:100 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Sending XAuth reply. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:110 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received initial contact notify. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:153 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received XAuth status. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:154 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Sending XAuth acknowledgement. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:154 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX User authentication has succeeded. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:247 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received request for policy version. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:253 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Sending policy version reply. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:303 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Received policy change is not required. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:303 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Sending policy acknowledgement. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:303 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX The configuration for the connection is up to date. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:377 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting ISAKMP phase 2 negotiation with 10.10.10.0/255.255.255.0:BOOTPC:BOOTPS:UDP. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:377 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Starting quick mode phase 2 exchange. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:472 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX The SA lifetime for phase 2 is 28800 seconds. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:472 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Phase 2 with 10.10.10.0/255.255.255.0:BOOTPC:BOOTPS:UDP has completed. 2009/12/18 19:49:37:896 Information Renewing IP address for the virtual interface (00-60-73-4C-3F-45). 2009/12/18 19:49:40:189 Information The virtual interface has been added to the system with IP address 10.10.10.112. 2009/12/18 19:49:40:319 Information The system ARP cache has been flushed. 2009/12/18 19:49:40:576 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NetWkstaUserGetInfo returned: user: Dustin, logon domain: DT-WIN7, logon server: DT-WIN7 2009/12/18 19:49:53:457 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NetGetDCName failed: Could not find domain controller for this domain. 2009/12/18 19:49:53:457 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX calling NetUserGetInfo: Server: , User: Dustin, level: 3 2009/12/18 19:49:53:460 Information XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX NetUserGetInfo returned: home dir: , remote dir: , logon script: 2009/12/18 19:49:53:466 Warning XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Failed to execute script file \DT-WIN7netlogondomain.bat, Last Error: The network name cannot be found..

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• Cisco ASA 5505 - L2TP over IPsec

  - by xraminx

  I have followed this document on cisco site to set up the L2TP over IPsec connection. When I try to establish a VPN to ASA 5505 from my Windows XP, after I click on "connect" button, the "Connecting ...." dialog box appears and after a while I get this error message: Error 800: Unable to establish VPN connection. The VPN server may be unreachable, or security parameters may not be configured properly for this connection. ASA version 7.2(4) ASDM version 5.2(4) Windows XP SP3 Windows XP and ASA 5505 are on the same LAN for test purposes. Edit 1: There are two VLANs defined on the cisco device (the standard setup on cisco ASA5505). - port 0 is on VLAN2, outside; - and ports 1 to 7 on VLAN1, inside. I run a cable from my linksys home router (10.50.10.1) to the cisco ASA5505 router on port 0 (outside). Port 0 have IP 192.168.1.1 used internally by cisco and I have also assigned the external IP 10.50.10.206 to port 0 (outside). I run a cable from Windows XP to Cisco router on port 1 (inside). Port 1 is assigned an IP from Cisco router 192.168.1.2. The Windows XP is also connected to my linksys home router via wireless (10.50.10.141). Edit 2: When I try to establish vpn, the Cisco device real time Log viewer shows 7 entries like this: Severity:5 Date:Sep 15 2009 Time: 14:51:29 SyslogID: 713904 Destination IP = 10.50.10.141, Decription: No crypto map bound to interface... dropping pkt Edit 3: This is the setup on the router right now. Result of the command: "show run" : Saved : ASA Version 7.2(4) ! hostname ciscoasa domain-name default.domain.invalid enable password HGFHGFGHFHGHGFHGF encrypted passwd NMMNMNMNMNMNMN encrypted names name 192.168.1.200 WebServer1 name 10.50.10.206 external-ip-address ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address external-ip-address 255.0.0.0 ! interface Vlan3 no nameif security-level 50 no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name default.domain.invalid object-group service l2tp udp port-object eq 1701 access-list outside_access_in remark Allow incoming tcp/http access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host WebServer1 eq www access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any any eq 1701 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 192.168.1.208 255.255.255.240 access-list inside_cryptomap_1 extended permit ip interface outside interface inside pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip local pool PPTP-VPN 192.168.1.210-192.168.1.220 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-524.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface www WebServer1 www netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA mode transport crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 mode transport crypto map outside_map 1 match address inside_cryptomap_1 crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 crypto map outside_map interface inside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash md5 group 2 lifetime 86400 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.33 inside dhcpd enable inside ! group-policy DefaultRAGroup internal group-policy DefaultRAGroup attributes dns-server value 192.168.1.1 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec l2tp-ipsec username myusername password FGHFGHFHGFHGFGFHF nt-encrypted tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup general-attributes address-pool PPTP-VPN default-group-policy DefaultRAGroup tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ppp-attributes no authentication chap authentication ms-chap-v2 ! ! prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:a9331e84064f27e6220a8667bf5076c1 : end

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• HAProxy: Display a "BADREQ" | BADREQ's by the thousands

  - by GruffTech

  My HAProxy Configuration. #HA-Proxy version 1.3.22 2009/10/14 Copyright 2000-2009 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]> global maxconn 10000 spread-checks 50 user haproxy group haproxy daemon stats socket /tmp/haproxy log localhost local0 log localhost local1 notice defaults mode http maxconn 50000 timeout client 10000 option forwardfor except 127.0.0.1 option httpclose option httplog listen dcaustin 0.0.0.0:80 mode http timeout connect 12000 timeout server 60000 timeout queue 120000 balance roundrobin option httpchk GET /index.html log global option httplog option dontlog-normal server web1 10.10.10.101:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web2 10.10.10.102:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web3 10.10.10.103:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web4 10.10.10.104:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 listen stats 0.0.0.0:9000 mode http balance log global timeout client 5000 timeout connect 4000 timeout server 30000 stats uri /haproxy HAProxy is running, and the socket is working... adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# echo "show info" | socat stdio /tmp/haproxy Name: HAProxy Version: 1.3.22 Release_date: 2009/10/14 Nbproc: 1 Process_num: 1 Pid: 6320 Uptime: 0d 0h14m58s Uptime_sec: 898 Memmax_MB: 0 Ulimit-n: 20017 Maxsock: 20017 Maxconn: 10000 Maxpipes: 0 CurrConns: 47 PipesUsed: 0 PipesFree: 0 Tasks: 51 Run_queue: 1 node: dcaustin desiption: Errors show nothing from socket... adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# echo "show errors" | socat stdio /tmp/haproxy adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# However... My Error log is exploding with "badrequests" with the Error code cR. cR (according to 1.3 documentation) is The "timeout http-request" stroke before the client sent a full HTTP request. This is sometimes caused by too large TCP MSS values on the client side for PPPoE networks which cannot transport full-sized packets, or by clients sending requests by hand and not typing fast enough, or forgetting to enter the empty line at the end of the request. The HTTP status code is likely a 408 here. Correct on the 408, but we're getting literally thousands of these requests every hour. (This log snippet is an clip for about 10 seconds of time...) Jun 30 11:08:52 localhost haproxy[6320]: 92.22.213.32:26448 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:42.384] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10002 408 212 - - cR-- 35/35/18/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:54 localhost haproxy[6320]: 71.62.130.24:62818 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:44.457] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10001 408 212 - - cR-- 39/39/16/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:55 localhost haproxy[6320]: 84.73.75.236:3589 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:45.021] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10008 408 212 - - cR-- 35/35/15/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:55 localhost haproxy[6320]: 69.39.20.190:49969 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:45.709] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 37/37/16/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:56 localhost haproxy[6320]: 2.29.0.9:58772 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:46.846] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10001 408 212 - - cR-- 43/43/22/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:57 localhost haproxy[6320]: 212.139.250.242:57537 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:47.568] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 42/42/21/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55046 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.559] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 46/46/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55044 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.554] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10004 408 212 - - cR-- 45/45/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55045 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.554] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10005 408 212 - - cR-- 44/44/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:09:00 localhost haproxy[6320]: 68.197.56.2:52781 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:50.975] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 49/49/28/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" From what I read on google, if i wanted to see what the bad requests are, I can show errors to the socket and it will spit them out. We do run a pretty heavily trafficed website and the percentage of "BADREQS" to normal requests is quite low, but I'd like to be able to get ahold of what that request WAS so I can debug it. stats # pxname,svname,qcur,qmax,scur,smax,slim,stot,bin,bout,dreq,dresp,ereq,econ,eresp,wretr,wredis,status,weight,act,bck,chkfail,chkdown,lastchg,downtime,qlimit,pid,iid,sid,throttle,lbtot,tracked,type,rate,rate_lim,rate_max, dcaustin,FRONTEND,,,64,120,50000,88433,105889100,2553809875,0,0,4641,,,,,OPEN,,,,,,,,,1,1,0,,,,0,45,0,128, dcaustin,web1,0,0,10,28,300,20941,25402112,633143416,,0,,0,3,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,1,,20941,,2,11,,30, dcaustin,web2,0,0,9,30,300,20941,25026691,641475169,,0,,0,3,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,2,,20941,,2,11,,30, dcaustin,web3,0,0,10,27,300,20940,30116527,635015040,,0,,0,9,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,3,,20940,,2,10,,31, dcaustin,web4,0,0,5,28,300,20940,25343770,643209546,,0,,0,8,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,4,,20940,,2,11,,31, dcaustin,BACKEND,0,0,34,95,50000,83762,105889100,2553809875,0,0,,0,34,0,0,UP,4,4,0,,0,2208,0,,1,1,0,,83762,,1,43,,122, 88500 "Sessions" and 4500 errors. in the last 20 minutes.

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• RewriteRule and Proxy

  - by Felipe Alvarez

  Two servers. example.net, and example.com On http://example.net, My httpd.conf contains # example.net RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^/felipetest2 http://example.com/webpage [P] I am getting a 302 Moved, which is pointing to http://example.net/webpage, but should be http://example.com/webpage What's going on? I have control over both .net and .com servers in these examples. I know I can do the same with ProxyPass and ProxyPassReverse, but I'm trying to get my head around this one. Edit: Main Question: How do I show a maintenance page, without changing URL in the browser? On same domain, or across different domains?

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• Ldap ssh authentication is super slow... any way to speed it up?

  - by Johnathon

  I am running OpenSUSE. Here is the output of ssh -vvv: OpenSSH_5.8p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0c 2 Dec 2010 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to <ipaddress> [ipaddress] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0 debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/root/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "ipaddress" from file "/root/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /root/.ssh/known_hosts:4 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 138/256 debug2: bits set: 529/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA cb:7f:ff:2e:65:28:f0:95:e6:8a:71:24:2a:67:02:2b debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "<ipaddress>" from file "/root/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /root/.ssh/known_hosts:4 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '<ipaddress>' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:4 debug2: bits set: 504/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (0xb789d5c8) debug2: key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)) debug2: key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,keyboard-interactive debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply It hangs here for a good 30 seconds to a minute then debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup keyboard-interactive debug3: remaining preferred: password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug2: userauth_kbdint debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply debug2: input_userauth_info_req debug2: input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts 1 I added PubkeyAuthentication no to the /etc/ssh/ssh_config and the /etc/ssh/sshd_config which makes it faster getting to the password prompt, but the password prompt still takes some time. Any way to fix that? Here is where the password hangs debug3: packet_send2: adding 32 (len 25 padlen 7 extra_pad 64) debug2: input_userauth_info_req debug2: input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts 0 debug3: packet_send2: adding 48 (len 10 padlen 6 extra_pad 64) debug1: Authentication succeeded (keyboard-interactive). Authenticated to ipaddress ([ipaddress]:22). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. FIXED!!!!!!!!!!!!!! What is did... In the nsswitch_conf I had ldap included in the group and passwd which slows it down a lot. Thank you everybody for your input passwd: compat group: files hosts: files dns networks: files dns

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• Good book for a software developer doing part-time (Linux) system administration work

  - by Tony Meyer

  In many smaller organisations, developers often end up doing some system administration work (for obvious reasons). A lot of the time, they have great developer skills, but few system administration skills (perhaps all self-taught), and so have to learn as they go, which is fairly inefficient. Are there canonical (or simply great) books that would help in this situation? More advanced than just using a shell (presumably a developer can do that), but not aimed at someone that hopes to spend many years doing this work. Ideally, something fairly generic (although specific to a distribution would be OK), covering databases, networking, general maintenance, etc, not just one specific task. For the most part, I'm interested in shell-based work (i.e. no GUI installed), although if there's something outstanding I'm missing, please point it out. (As an analogy, replace "system administration" with C, and I'd want K&R, with C++ and I'd want Meyers' "Effective C++").

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• installed openstack using devstack install shell script but getting 500 error when i try opening dashboard

  - by Arvind

  I followed the instructions at http://devstack.org/guides/single-machine.html to install OpenStack. I first installed Ubuntu on my Windows 7 PC using the officially supported Windows installer for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. And after that I followed the instructions at above page to install OpenStack. As per instructions, I should be able to access the dashboard aka Horizon, at http://192.168.1.4/ (thats the IP of the PC on which I installed Ubuntu-OpenStack). However I am getting a 500 error web page when I open that. How do I resolve this error? I want to set up a dev environment for OpenStack. For your ref, the whole error message is given now-- FilterError at / /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory Request Method: GET Request URL: http://192.168.1.4/ Django Version: 1.4.2 Exception Type: FilterError Exception Value: /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory Exception Location: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/filters/base.py in input, line 133 Python Executable: /usr/bin/python Python Version: 2.7.3 Python Path: ['/opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/../..', '/opt/stack/python-keystoneclient', '/opt/stack/python-novaclient', '/opt/stack/python-openstackclient', '/opt/stack/keystone', '/opt/stack/glance', '/opt/stack/python-glanceclient/setuptools_git-0.4.2-py2.7.egg', '/opt/stack/python-glanceclient', '/opt/stack/nova', '/opt/stack/horizon', '/opt/stack/cinder', '/opt/stack/python-cinderclient', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol', '/opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard'] Server time: Sat, 27 Oct 2012 08:43:29 +0000 Error during template rendering In template /opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/templates/_stylesheets.html, error at line 3 /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory 1 {% load compress %} 2 3 {% compress css %} 4 <link href='{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/less/horizon.less' type='text/less' media='screen' rel='stylesheet' /> 5 {% endcompress %} 6 7 <link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/img/favicon.ico"/> 8 Also, the traceback is now given below-- Environment: Request Method: GET Request URL: http://192.168.1.4/ Django Version: 1.4.2 Python Version: 2.7.3 Installed Applications: ('openstack_dashboard', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'django.contrib.humanize', 'compressor', 'horizon', 'openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project', 'openstack_dashboard.dashboards.admin', 'openstack_dashboard.dashboards.settings', 'openstack_auth') Installed Middleware: ('django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'horizon.middleware.HorizonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.doc.XViewMiddleware', 'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware') Template error: In template /opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/templates/_stylesheets.html, error at line 3 /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory 1 : {% load compress %} 2 : 3 : {% compress css %} 4 : <link href='{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/less/horizon.less' type='text/less' media='screen' rel='stylesheet' /> 5 : {% endcompress %} 6 : 7 : <link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/img/favicon.ico"/> 8 : Traceback: File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response 111. response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/vary.py" in inner_func 36. response = func(*args, **kwargs) File "/opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/../../openstack_dashboard/views.py" in splash 38. return shortcuts.render(request, 'splash.html', {'form': form}) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/shortcuts/__init__.py" in render 44. return HttpResponse(loader.render_to_string(*args, **kwargs), File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/loader.py" in render_to_string 176. return t.render(context_instance) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in render 140. return self._render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in _render 134. return self.nodelist.render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in render 823. bit = self.render_node(node, context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node 74. return node.render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render 155. return self.render_template(self.template, context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render_template 137. output = template.render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in render 140. return self._render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in _render 134. return self.nodelist.render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/base.py" in render 823. bit = self.render_node(node, context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node 74. return node.render(context) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/templatetags/compress.py" in render 147. return self.render_compressed(context, self.kind, self.mode, forced=forced) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/templatetags/compress.py" in render_compressed 107. rendered_output = self.render_output(compressor, mode, forced=forced) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/templatetags/compress.py" in render_output 119. return compressor.output(mode, forced=forced) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/css.py" in output 51. ret.append(subnode.output(*args, **kwargs)) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/css.py" in output 53. return super(CssCompressor, self).output(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/base.py" in output 230. content = self.filter_input(forced) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/base.py" in filter_input 192. for hunk in self.hunks(forced): File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/base.py" in hunks 167. precompiled, value = self.precompile(value, **options) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/base.py" in precompile 210. command=command, filename=filename).input(**kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compressor/filters/base.py" in input 133. raise FilterError(err) Exception Type: FilterError at / Exception Value: /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory

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• Parallel prologue and epilogue in Grid Engine

  - by ajdecon

  We have a cluster being used to run MPI jobs for a customer. Previously this cluster used Torque as the scheduler, but we are transitioning to Grid Engine 6.2u5 (for some other features). Unfortunately, we are having trouble duplicating some of our maintenance scripts in the Grid Engine environment. In Torque, we have a prologue.parallel script which is used to carry out an automated health-check on the node. If this script returns a fail condition, Torque will helpfully offline the node and re-queue the job to use a different group of nodes. In Grid Engine, however, the queue "prolog" only runs on the head node of the job. We can manually run our prologue script from the startmpi.sh initialization script, for the mpi parallel environment; but I can't figure out how to detect a fail condition and carry out the same "mark offline and requeue" procedure. Any suggestions?

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• SQL Server 2005 jobs running twice in a row - using LiteSpeed

  - by Malnizzle

  Howdy! I have a SQL server (2005) backing up to a network share, who has a group of maintenance plans setup through LiteSpeed to backup different DBs. They were just set up to run two sub plans on different schedules for full/diff backups and did that just fine for a couple of months. Then I added "Clean Up" task to the subplans. Ever since that point, the backup creates another bak right after the first bak job is completed. I removed the clean up item from the subplan, and it still creates two baks when ran. Both the SQL Activity Monitor and the machine's windows application log show just one job being executed. I did this same thing to a couple of other servers backing up to the same location, and they are behaving correctly. Thoughts?

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• Suggestions for SOHO networking gear

  - by jakemcgraw

  I'm a software developer in my day to day job but have landed a contract position to spec out and install the computer equipment for a small office. Ease of use (easy installation, low maintenance and good support) is priority number one, it supersedes price by a wide margin. The installation we had in mind would support up to ten workstations. I was originally going to go with Netgear hardware for firewall, switch duties: Firewall: NETGEAR UTM25-100NAS Switch:NETGEAR GS724T but have been told Sonicwall firewalls are easier to configure. So, sysadmins, if ease of use was priority number one, what hardware would you purchase for firewall, switch duties?

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• SpinRite and USB blues - does a solution exist?

  - by Peter Mortensen

  I use SpinRite to recover hard disks and their content, and to a lesser degree for preventive maintenance. However, if a USB drive (USB thumb drive and/or external hard disk with a USB interface) is connected when SpinRite scans for devices, then SpinRite never finishes/hangs. The work-around is of course to disconnect the drive, but there is value in being able to use SpinRite on USB drives. Some external drives have no screws and it is difficult to take out the hard disk without damaging the casing. And for those that have it would save the disassembling time. Is there a way to fix this problem (e.g. BIOS changes or a modified SpinRite boot CD) without resorting to floppy disks?

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• Unable to SSH into EC2 instance on Fedora 17

  - by abhishek

  I did following steps But I am not able to SSH to it(Same steps work fine on Fedora 14 image). I am getting Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic) I created new instance using fedora 17 amazon community image(ami-2ea50247). I copied my ssh keys under /home/usertest/.ssh/ after creating a usertest I have SELINUX=disabled here is Debug info: $ ssh -vvv ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com ssh -vvv ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0b-fips 16 Nov 2010 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com [54.243.101.41] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 131/256 debug2: bits set: 506/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 17 debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 17 debug1: Host 'ec2-54-243-101-41.compute-1.amazonaws.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/usertest/.ssh/known_hosts:17 debug2: bits set: 500/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity ((nil)) debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)) debug2: key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa (0x7f904b5ae260) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup gssapi-with-mic debug3: remaining preferred: publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled gssapi-with-mic debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug3: Trying to reverse map address 54.243.101.41. debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity debug3: no such identity: /home/usertest/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: no such identity: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Offering public key: /home/usertest/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic).

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• Logging Bounced messages to a Database (Postfix with virtual domains/users)

  - by Gurunandan

  We have a postfix installation with a couple of virtual domains each with virtual users. These domains and users are mapped using a mysql database. I have been until now tracking bounces by parsing the postfix log file. I suspect there must be better and more efficient ways of doing this. I thought of three but I am not sure what is best: Write a Postfix content filter that logs the bounce and throws away the mail Use procmail - but I am not sure how procmail would work with virtual users who have no $HOME defined Write a script that POPs mail from mailboxes; parses and logs them and deletes the bounced email I would appreciate advise on which would be best from a maintenance point of view and efficient from conserving server resources point of view. Thanks

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• Why would the IIS UrlRewrite module continue redirecting requests after the rule is removed?

  - by Jon Norton

  Our application uses the IIS UrlRewrite module to temporarily redirect requests during upgrades to a maintenance site. We have seen a few instances where even though the redirect rule has been removed, the server continues to redirect all requests according to the removed rule. There does not seem to be any pattern with this, and has only occurred once or twice. We have taken the following steps to try and determine the cause of this behavior. Verified that the original rule was a 307 temporary redirect Requested the application from machines that had never requested it before Used a different browser Added and removed a dummy rule from the IIS management console Checked the http kernel cache using netsh http show cachestate Modified the applicationHost.config file by hand (the rule was not still in the file, we just added a superfluous space) In the past when this has happened, we have been able to restart IIS and it solves the problem but that is not always an option and we really want to figure out what the root cause is. How or why would UrlRewrite be caching the response and not responding to configuration changes?

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• Mysqldump causes "Too many connections"

  - by vbachev

  A scheduled backup using mysqldump on one of our databases is causing Too many connections. The database is of both InnoDB and MyISAM tables with size of around 500Mb. The Too many connections appears for about 2-3 minutes We understand that mysqldump locks the tables and causes all other queries and connections to pile up and jam the mysql server. We need frequent backups and we cannot afford server downtime or putting websites in maintenance mode while doing it. Our websites are global and traffic is high all the time so its hard to find a moment for backups. How can we avoid downtime during backups?Is there maybe a way to use mysqldump in way that it will not lock all tables at the same time?Is there an alternative to backing up with mysqldump?

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• SQL Server backup

  - by zzz777

  I have Full-Backup-A Transaction-Log-Backup-A Transaction-Log-Backup-B (*) - I have to restore this point Full-Backup-B How to do it? It seems that the only way is Full-Backup-A Transaction-Log-Backup-A Transaction-Log-Backup-B Shut-off client access Transaction-Log-C Full-Backup-B Allow client access Are there any other ways to guarantee that nothing did happen with the database between last transaction log and the next full backup. I was thinking about a. Starting transaction log backup simultaneously with full backup. b. Using differential back up while clients are connected and making full backup during maintenance window only c. Run replication and back-up the replica, stopping and restoring duplication services in points 4 and 7 and feel that it is actually hopeless.

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• Overriding Debian default groups from LDAP

  - by Ex-Parrot

  This is a thing that has always bothered me: how am I best to handle Debian standard groups for LDAP users? Debian has a number of groups defined by default, e.g. plugdev, audio, cdrom and so on. These control access in standard Debian installs. When I want a user from LDAP to be a member of the `audio' group on all machines they log in to, I've tried a few different things: Adding them to the local group on the machine (this works but is hard to maintain) Creating a group in LDAP with the same name and a different GID then adding the user to that group (breaks reverse / forward GID mapping, doesn't seem to work) Creating a group in LDAP with the same name and same GID and adding the user to that group (doesn't seem to work at all, things don't see the LDAP group members) Creating a group in LDAP with the same name and same GID then removing the local group (this works but upsets Debian's maintenance scripts during upgrades that check for local system sanity) What's the best practice for this scenario?

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• Defragment an Exchange Volume

  - by IceMage

  The Scenario: I use a dedicated volume (RAID volume) to store all of my data for my Exchange 2007 server. Today, out of curiosity, I decided to check up on how fragmented the files on this data volume were. To my surprise, the answer is extremely. So, a three part question: First and Foremost, SHOULD I defragment this volume (after a full backup of course)? Be specific as to why not if I should not, or reasons I absolutely should if I should. Second, about how much time should I allow for during this maintenance period per gigabyte. The drives are all 7200 RPM SATA drives on a Hardware RAID 5 controller (Perc 5i/6i, can't remember), the files are extremely fragmented. (Over 5000 file fragments per gigabyte). Third, is there something wrong here? It seems to me like the drive shouldn't be this fragmented. Could something be configured incorrectly that could be causing this to happen?

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• SSH is not working .. Password promt is not coming

  - by Sumanth Lingappa

  I am not able to SSH into my ubuntu server since yesterday. I am not using any keyless or public key method.. Its simple SSH with username and password everytime.. However I can do a VNC session running on my ubuntu server.. But I am afraid that if the vnc session goes out, I wont be having any way to login to the server.. My ssh-vvv output is as below.. sumanth@sumanth:~$ ssh -vvv user@serverIP OpenSSH_6.6.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 172.16.2.156 [172.16.2.156] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH_5* compat 0x0c000000 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "172.16.2.156" from file "/home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ECDSA ea:4e:15:52:15:dd:6b:09:d4:36:cb:14:2d:c3:1b:7a debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "172.16.2.156" from file "/home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '172.16.2.156' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519 ((nil)),

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