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• How do you take into account usability and user requirements for your application?

  - by voroninp

  Our team supports BackOffice application: a mix of WinForm and WPF windows. (about 80 including dialogs). Really a kind of a Swiss Army Knife. It is used by developers, tech writers, security developers, testers. The requirements for new features come quite often and sometimes we play Wizard of Oz to decide which GUI our users like the most. And it usually happens (I admit it can be just my subjective interpretation of the reality) that one tiny detail giving the flavor of good usability to our app requires a lot of time. This time is being spent on 'fighting' with GUI framework making it act like we need. And it very difficult to make estimations for this type of tasks (at least for me and most members of our team). Scrum poker is not a help either. Management often considers this usability perfectionism to be a waste of time. On the other hand an accumulated affect of features where each has some little usability flaw frustrates users. But the same users want frequent releases and instant bug fixes. Hence, no way to get the positive feedback: there is always somebody who is snuffy. I constantly feel myself as competing with ourselves: more features - more bugs/tasks/architecture. We are trying to outrun the cart we are pushing. New technologies arrive and some of them can potentially help to improve the design or decrease task implementation time but these technologies require learning, prototyping and so on. Well, that was a story. And now is the question: How do you balance between time pressure, product quality, users and management satisfaction? When and how do you decide to leave the problem with not a perfect but to some extent acceptable solution, how often do you make these decisions? How do you do with your own satisfaction? What are your priorities? P.S. Please keep in mind, we are a BackOffice team, we have neither dedicated technical writer nor GUI designer. The tester have joined us recently. We've much work to do and much freedom concerning 'how'. I like it because it fosters creativity but I don't want to become too nerdy perfectionist.

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• What is a 'good number' of exceptions to implement for my library?

  - by Fuzz

  I've always wondered how many different exception classes I should implement and throw for various pieces of my software. My particular development is usually C++/C#/Java related, but I believe this is a question for all languages. I want to understand what is a good number of different exceptions to throw, and what the developer community expect of a good library. The trade-offs I see include: More exception classes can allow very fine grain levels of error handling for API users (prone to user configuration or data errors, or files not being found) More exception classes allows error specific information to be embedded in the exception, rather than just a string message or error code More exception classes can mean more code maintenance More exception classes can mean the API is less approachable to users The scenarios I wish to understand exception usage in include: During 'configuration' stage, which might include loading files or setting parameters During an 'operation' type phase where the library might be running tasks and doing some work, perhaps in another thread Other patterns of error reporting without using exceptions, or less exceptions (as a comparison) might include: Less exceptions, but embedding an error code that can be used as a lookup Returning error codes and flags directly from functions (sometimes not possible from threads) Implemented an event or callback system upon error (avoids stack unwinding) As developers, what do you prefer to see? If there are MANY exceptions, do you bother error handling them separately anyway? Do you have a preference for error handling types depending on the stage of operation?

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• A solution for a PHP website without a framework

  - by lortabac

  One of our customers asked us to add some dynamic functionality to an existent website, made of several static HTML pages. We normally work with an MVC framework (mostly CodeIgniter), but in this case moving everything to a framework would require too much time. Since it is not a big project, not having the full functionality of a framework is not a problem. But the question is how to keep code clean. The solution I came up with is to divide code in libraries (the application's API) and models. So inside HTML there will only be API calls, and readability will not be sacrificed. I implemented this with a sort of static Registry (sorry if I'm wrong, I am not a design pattern expert): <?php class Custom_framework { //Global database instance private static $db; //Registered models private static $models = array(); //Registered libraries private static $libraries = array(); //Returns a database class instance static public function get_db(){ if(isset(self::$db)){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$db; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it self::$db = new DB; return self::$db; } } //Returns a model instance static public function get_model($model_name){ if(isset(self::$models[$model_name])){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$models[$model_name]; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it if(is_file(ROOT_DIR . 'application/models/' . $model_name . '.php')){ include_once ROOT_DIR . 'application/models/' . $model_name . '.php'; self::$models[$model_name] = new $model_name; return self::$models[$model_name]; } else { return FALSE; } } } //Returns a library instance static public function get_library($library_name){ if(isset(self::$libraries[$library_name])){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$libraries[$library_name]; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it if(is_file(ROOT_DIR . 'application/libraries/' . $library_name . '.php')){ include_once ROOT_DIR . 'application/libraries/' . $library_name . '.php'; self::$libraries[$library_name] = new $library_name; return self::$libraries[$library_name]; } else { return FALSE; } } } } Inside HTML, API methods are accessed like this: <?php echo Custom_framework::get_library('My_library')->my_method(); ?> It looks to me as a practical solution. But I wonder what its drawbacks are, and what the possible alternatives.

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• How does a segment-based rendering engine (as in Descent) work?

  - by Calmarius

  As far as I know Descent was one of the first games that featured a fully 3D environment, and it used a segment based rendering engine. Its levels are built from cubic segments (these cubes may be deformed as long as it remains convex and sides remain roughly flat). These cubes are connected by their sides. The connected sides are traversable (maybe doors or grids can be placed on these sides), while the unconnected sides are not traversable walls. So the game is played inside of this complex. Descent was software rendered and it had to be very fast, to be playable on those 10-100MHz processors of that age. Some latter levels of the game are huge and contain thousands of segments, but these levels are still rendered reasonably fast. So I think they tried to minimize the amount of cubes rendered somehow. How to choose which cubes to render for a given location? As far as I know they used a kind of portal rendering, but I couldn't find what was the technique used in this particular kind of engine. I think the fact that the levels are built from convex quadrilateral hexahedrons can be exploited.

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• Using pkexec policy to run out of /opt/

  - by liberavia

  I still try to make it possible to run my app with root priveleges. Therefore I created two policies to run the application via pkexec (one for /usr/bin and one for /opt/extras... ) and added them to the setup.py: data_files=[('/usr/share/polkit-1/actions', ['data/com.ubuntu.pkexec.armorforge.policy']), ('/usr/share/polkit-1/actions', ['data/com.ubuntu.extras.pkexec.armorforge.policy']), ('/usr/bin/', ['data/armorforge-pkexec'])] ) additionally I added a startscript which uses pkexec for starting the application. It distinguishes between the two places and is used in the Exec-Statement of the desktopfile: #!/bin/sh if [ -f /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/armorforge/bin/armorforge ]; then pkexec "/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/armorforge/bin/armorforge" "$@" else pkexec `which armorforge` "$@" fi If I simply do a quickly package everything will work right. But if I package with extras option: quickly package --extras the Exec-statement will be exchanged. Even if I try to simulate the pkexec call via armorforge-pkexec It will aks for a password and then returns this: andre@andre-desktop:~/Entwicklung/Ubuntu/armorforge$ armorforge-pkexec (armorforge:10108): GLib-GIO-ERROR **: Settings schema 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' is not installed Trace/breakpoint trap (core dumped) So ok, I could not trick the opt-thing. How can I make sure, that my Application will run with root priveleges out of opt. I copied the way of using pkexec from synaptic. My application is for communicating with apparmor which currently has no dbus interface. Else I need to write into /etc/apparmor.d-folder. How should I deal with the opt-build which, as far as I understand, is required to submit my application to the ubuntu software center. Thanks for any hints and/or links :-)

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• Installing Visual Studio 2010 SP1 or Windows Phone tools in your VM (danger!)

  - by Jeff

  If you've read my blog for any amount of time, you probably know that I tend to develop stuff in a Parallels VM on a Mac. It's how I roll. I like VM's because I can trash them and do really stupid things with beta software. That said, there is a pain point that doesn't seem that well documented when it comes to installing stuff in this scenario.The WP7 tools, and SP1 for Visual Studio 2010 (perhaps only if you already have the WP7 tools installed, I'm not sure), do something strange on install. As if it weren't already a long and slow installation, for reasons I don't understand, the installer fires up an instance of Windows Phone Emulator. As you may already know, the emulator doesn't run in a VM, because it is itself a VM, apparently. What it will do is fire up your CPU, make your comprooder hot and make the fans blow harder.I found this out accidentally, as I started the (slow) phone tool installation once, and walked away. An hour and a half later, I came back to find it hadn't finished. But it was hot and the CPU was pegged, so I fired up the task manager to find XDE.exe, the phone emulator, cranking away. I had to kill it several times, and eventually the install finished. It fired up just once in the SP1 install, but it still had the same hanging effect.I can't for the life of me figure out why it does this. In a VM, I can connect the phone to it and use that, so I don't need the emulator. But this install, firing up the emulator, will make it choke until you kill the XDE.exe process. Watch out!

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• Should library classes be wrapped before using them in unit testing?

  - by Songo

  I'm doing unit testing and in one of my classes I need to send a mail from one of the methods, so using constructor injection I inject an instance of Zend_Mail class which is in Zend framework. Example: class Logger{ private $mailer; function __construct(Zend_Mail $mail){ $this->mail=$mail; } function toBeTestedFunction(){ //Some code $this->mail->setTo('some value'); $this->mail->setSubject('some value'); $this->mail->setBody('some value'); $this->mail->send(); //Some } } However, Unit testing demands that I test one component at a time, so I need to mock the Zend_Mail class. In addition I'm violating the Dependency Inversion principle as my Logger class now depends on concretion not abstraction. Does that mean that I can never use a library class directly and must always wrap it in a class of my own? Example: interface Mailer{ public function setTo($to); public function setSubject($subject); public function setBody($body); public function send(); } class MyMailer implements Mailer{ private $mailer; function __construct(){ $this->mail=new Zend_Mail; //The class isn't injected this time } function setTo($to){ $this->mailer->setTo($to); } //implement the rest of the interface functions similarly } And now my Logger class can be happy :D class Logger{ private $mailer; function __construct(Mailer $mail){ $this->mail=$mail; } //rest of the code unchanged } Questions: Although I solved the mocking problem by introducing an interface, I have created a totally new class Mailer that now needs to be unit tested although it only wraps Zend_Mail which is already unit tested by the Zend team. Is there a better approach to all this? Zend_Mail's send() function could actually have a Zend_Transport object when called (i.e. public function send($transport = null)). Does this make the idea of a wrapper class more appealing? The code is in PHP, but answers doesn't have to be. This is more of a design issue than a language specific feature

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• Update get's stuck unpacking bad package, won't continue without it

  - by Shazzner

  Removing the package from cache, and disabling Recommended Updates in Software Sources gives me an error saying I need to install this package. I've tried to update several times, but it keeps hanging on unpacking the ubuntu-sso-client package. Which forces me to hard-reset to unlock the package manager. I've tried: sudo dpkg --configure -a No errors sudo apt-get upgrade --fix-broken Wants me to reinstall said package, resulting in it hanging Removing the package: sudo rm -f /var/cache/apt/archives/ubuntu-sso-client_1.0.8-0ubuntu1_all.deb Results in the same effect, it re-downloads then hangs I can de-select Recommended Updates but I get error messages when I try to update again: E: The package ubuntu-sso-client needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it. Which won't let me continue Finally re-enabling the source, I try to remove ubuntu-sso sudo apt-get remove ubuntu-sso-client It removes a bunch of other packages but complains about the package: dpkg: error processing ubuntu-sso-client (--remove): Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should reinstall it before attempting a removal. Reinstalling ubuntu-sso-client hangs :( I'm at my wits end, any ideas? I would be nice to install all the other updates but this one is preventing it.

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• Lazy Processing of Streams

  - by Giorgio

  I have the following problem scenario: I have a text file and I have to read it and split it into lines. Some lines might need to be dropped (according to criteria that are not fixed). The lines that are not dropped must be parsed into some predefined records. Records that are not valid must be dropped. Duplicate records may exist and, in such a case, they are consecutive. If duplicate / multiple records exist, only one item should be kept. The remaining records should be grouped according to the value contained in one field; all records belonging to the same group appear one after another (e.g. AAAABBBBCCDEEEFF and so on). The records of each group should be numbered (1, 2, 3, 4, ...). For each group the numbering starts from 1. The records must then be saved somewhere / consumed in the same order as they were produced. I have to implement this in Java or C++. My first idea was to define functions / methods like: One method to get all the lines from the file. One method to filter out the unwanted lines. One method to parse the filtered lines into valid records. One method to remove duplicate records. One method to group records and number them. The problem is that the data I am going to read can be too big and might not fit into main memory: so I cannot just construct all these lists and apply my functions one after the other. On the other hand, I think I do not need to fit all the data in main memory at once because once a record has been consumed all its underlying data (basically the lines of text between the previous record and the current record, and the record itself) can be disposed of. With the little knowledge I have of Haskell I have immediately thought about some kind of lazy evaluation, in which instead of applying functions to lists that have been completely computed, I have different streams of data that are built on top of each other and, at each moment, only the needed portion of each stream is materialized in main memory. But I have to implement this in Java or C++. So my question is which design pattern or other technique can allow me to implement this lazy processing of streams in one of these languages.

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• How to fundamentally approach creating a 'financial planner' application?

  - by Anonymous -

  I want to create a financial planning application (for personal use), for which the overall functionality will be this: User (me..) can create different 'scenarios'. Each scenario is configured with different incomings/outgoings. Scenarios can be 'explored' in a calendar format with projections taking into account tax, interest (on both debt and savings) and so on and so forth. My problem lies in how to fundamentally approach the project. I've considered: When creating incomings/outgoings for a script to apply them to each day in a 'days' table of a database, acting as a method of caching. This means that if I wanted to look at January 14th, 2074 there aren't thousands of cycles of calculations to run through and the result can just be pulled. Do each calculation dynamically, but again, I'm finding it hard to visuallize how I would handle different tax allowances (I'm based in the UK by the way), payrises and 'changes' to my incomings/outgoings. I've sat on this for a couple of days and am struggling to come up with an elegant approach to my problem. There may well be software out there that does what I'm looking to do (in fact I'm sure it is) but I would like to develop this myself for learning purposes, to be able to add it to my personal life 'toolset' and to allow me to expand on it in the future. Many thanks to all who have any input on my dilemna.

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• Algorithm to zoom a plotted function

  - by astinx

  I'm making a game in android and I need plot a function, my algorithm is this: @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { float e = 0.5f; //from -x axis to +x evaluate f(x) for (float x = -z(canvas.getWidth()); x < z(canvas.getWidth()); x+=e) { float x1,y1; x1 = x; y1 = f(x); canvas.drawPoint((canvas.getWidth()/2)+x1, (canvas.getHeight()/2)-y1, paintWhite); } super.onDraw(canvas); } This is how it works. If my function is, for example f(x)=x^2, then z(x) is sqrt(x). I evaluate each point between -z(x) to z(x) and then I draw them. As you can see I use the half of the size of the screen to put the function in the middle of the screen. The problem isn't that the code isn't working, actually plots the function. But if the screen is of 320*480 then this function will be really tiny like in the image below. My question is: how can I change this algorithm to scale the function?. BTW what I'm really wanting to do is trace a route to later display an animated sprite, so actually scale this image doesnt gonna help me. I need change the algorithm in order to draw the same interval but in a larger space. Any tip helps, thanks! Current working result Desired result UPDATE: I will try explain more in detail what the problem is. Given this interval [-15...15] (-z(x) to z(x)) I need divide this points in a bigger interval [-320...320] (-x to x). For example, when you use some plotting software like this one. Although the div where is contain the function has 640 px of width, you dont see that the interval is from -320 to 320, you see that the interval is from -6 to 6. How can I achieve this?

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• Should i worry about company's Reputation before joining it...

  - by Shekhar_Pro

  My question is particularly in context of this Question asked recently on this site. I am a fresh graduate and would soon be applying for jobs. But the above mentioned question has raised concerns for me. Should i care about the company i am going to join. Specially since for me Yahoo is a very reputed corporation and i duly respect it, in fact i would be proud to work for it if given the chance. And the OP of the question was a Senior Software Engineer, i don't think something could have gone so wrong that he feels shame for have worked there. Well i won't like to have this situation in my career. Until now for me the criteria for approaching a company were like - it should have Good, knowledgeable and Experienced team, it should provide me with tasks that will always challenge me to think and learn more, etc. After all a task is task and you do always learn something from it. But in view of mentioned question should i also consider other things... Please give your answers and most importantly an opinion from your own experience.

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• The term "interface" in C++

  - by Flexo

  Java makes a clear distinction between class and interface. (I believe C# does also, but I have no experience with it). When writing C++ however there is no language enforced distinction between class and interface. Consequently I've always viewed interface as a workaround for the lack of multiple inheritance in Java. Making such a distinction feels arbitrary and meaningless in C++. I've always tended to go with the "write things in the most obvious way" approach, so if in C++ I've got what might be called an interface in Java, e.g.: class Foo { public: virtual void doStuff() = 0; ~Foo() = 0; }; and I then decided that most implementers of Foo wanted to share some common functionality I would probably write: class Foo { public: virtual void doStuff() = 0; ~Foo() {} protected: // If it needs this to do its thing: int internalHelperThing(int); // Or if it doesn't need the this pointer: static int someOtherHelper(int); }; Which then makes this not an interface in the Java sense anymore. Instead C++ has two important concepts, related to the same underlying inheritance problem: virtual inhertiance Classes with no member variables can occupy no extra space when used as a base "Base class subobjects may have zero size" Reference Of those I try to avoid #1 wherever possible - it's rare to encounter a scenario where that genuinely is the "cleanest" design. #2 is however a subtle, but important difference between my understanding of the term "interface" and the C++ language features. As a result of this I currently (almost) never refer to things as "interfaces" in C++ and talk in terms of base classes and their sizes. I would say that in the context of C++ "interface" is a misnomer. It has come to my attention though that not many people make such a distinction. Do I stand to lose anything by allowing (e.g. protected) non-virtual functions to exist within an "interface" in C++? (My feeling is the exactly the opposite - a more natural location for shared code) Is the term "interface" meaningful in C++ - does it imply only pure virtual or would it be fair to call C++ classes with no member variables an interface still?

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• Development Approach: User Interface In or Domain Model Out?

  - by Berin Loritsch

  While I've never delivered anything using Smalltalk, my brief time playing with it has definitely left its mark. The only way to describe the experience is MVC the way it was meant to be. Essentially, all the heavy lifting for your application is done in the business objects (or domain model if you are so inclined). The standard controls are bound to the business objects in some way. For example, a text box is mapped to an object's field (the field itself is an object so it's easy to do). A button would mapped to a method. This is all done with a very simple and natural API. We don't have to think about binding objects, etc. It just works. Yet, in many newer languages and APIs you are forced to think from the outside in. First with C++ and MFC, and now with C# and WPF, Microsoft has gotten it's developer world hooked on GUI builders where you build your application by implementing event handlers. Java Swing development isn't so different, only you are writing the code to instantiate the controls on the form yourself. For some projects, there may never even be a domain model--just event handlers. I've been in and around this model for most of my carreer. Each way forces you to think differently. With the Smalltalk approach, your domain is smart while your GUI is dumb. With the default VisualStudio approach, your GUI is smart while your domain model (if it exists) is rather anemic. Many developers that I work with see value in the Smalltalk approach, and try to shoehorn that approach into the VisualStudio environment. WPF has some dynamic binding features that makes it possible; but there are limitations. Inevitably some code that belongs in the domain model ends up in the GUI classes. So, which way do you design/develop your code? Why? GUI first. User interaction is paramount. Domain first. I need to make sure the system is correct before we put a UI on it. There's pros and cons for either approach. Domain model fits in there with crystal cathedrals and pie in the sky. GUI fits in there with quick and dirty (sometimes really dirty). And for an added bonus: How do you make sure the code is maintainable?

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• Application workflow

  - by manseuk

  I am in the planning process for a new application, the application will be written in PHP (using the Symfony 2 framework) but I'm not sure how relevant that is. The application will be browser based, although there will eventually be API access for other systems to interact with the data stored within the application, again probably not relavent at this point. The application manages SIM cards for lots of different providers - each SIM card belongs to a single provider but a single customer might have many SIM cards across many providers. The application allows the user to perform actions against the SIM card - for example Activate it, Barr it, Check on its status etc Some of the providers provide an API for doing this - so a single access point with multiple methods eg activateSIM, getStatus, barrSIM etc. The method names differ for each provider and some providers offer methods for extra functions that others don't. Some providers don't have APIs but do offer these methods by sending emails with attachments - the attachments are normally a CSV file that contains the SIM reference and action required - the email is processed by the provider and replied to once the action has been complete. To give you an example - the front end of my application will provide a customer with a list of SIM cards they own and give them access to the actions that are provided by the provider of each specific SIM card - some methods may require extra data which will either be stored in the backend or collected from the user frontend. Once the user has selected their action and added any required data I will handle the process in the backend and provide either instant feedback, in the case of the providers with APIs, or start the process off by sending an email and waiting for its reply before processing it and updating the backend so that next time the user checks the SIM card its status is correct (ie updated by a backend process). My reason for creating this question is because I'm stuck !! I'm confused about how to approach the actual workflow logic. I was thinking about creating a Provider Interface with the most common methods getStatus, activateSIM and barrSIM and then implementing that interface for each provider. So class Provider1 implements Provider - Then use a Factory to create the required class depending on user selected SIM card and invoking the method selected. This would work fine if all providers offered the same methods but they don't - there are a subset which are common but some providers offer extra methods - how can I implement that flexibly ? How can I deal with the processes where the workflow is different - ie some methods require and API call and value returned and some require an email to be sent and the next stage of the process doesn't start until the email reply is recieved ... Please help ! (I hope this is a readable question and that this is the correct place to be asking) Update I guess what I'm trying to avoid is a big if or switch / case statement - some design pattern that gives me a flexible approach to implementing this kind of fluid workflow .. anyone ?

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• What is the right way to group this project into classes?

  - by sigil

  I originally asked this on SO, where it was closed and recommended that I ask it here instead. I'm trying to figure out how to group all the functions necessary for my project into classes. The goal of the project is to execute the following process: Get the user's FTP credentials (username & password). Check to make sure the credentials establish a valid connection to the FTP server. Query several Sharepoint lists and join the results of those queries to create a list of items that need to have action taken on them. Each item in the list has a folder. For each item: Zip the contents of the folder. Upload the folder to the FTP server using SFTP Update the item's Sharepoint data. Email the user an Excel report showing, e.g., Items without folder paths Items that failed to zip or upload Steps 2-5 are performed on a periodic basis; if step 2 returns an invalid connection, the user is alerted and the process returns to step 1. If at any point the user presses a certain key, the process terminates. I've defined the following set of classes, each of which is in its own .cs file: SFTP: file transfer processes DataHandler: Sharepoint data retrieval/querying/updating processes. Also makes and uploads the zip files. Exceptions: Not just one class, this is the .cs file where I have all of my exception classes. Report: Builds and sends the report. Program: The main class for running the program. I recognize that the DataHandler class is a god object, but I don't have a good idea of how to refactor it. I feel like it should be more fine-grained than just breaking it into Sharepoint, Zip, and Upload, but maybe that's it. Also, I haven't yet worked out how to combine the periodic behavior with the "wait for user input at any point in the process" part; I think that involves threads, which means other classes to manage the threads... I'm not that well-versed in design patterns, but is there one that fits this project well? If this is too big of a topic to neatly explain in an SO answer, I'll also accept a link to a good tutorial on what I'm trying to do here.

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• Should I use my real name in my open source project?

  - by Jardo

  I developed a few freeware programs in the past which I had signed with my pseudonym Jardo. I'm now planning to release my first open source project and was thinking of using my full real name in the project files (as the "author"). I thought it would be good to use my name as my "trademark" so if someone (perhaps a future headhunter) googles my name, they'll find my projects. But on the other side, I feel a bit paranoid about disclosing my name (in the least case I could be getting a lot of spam to my email, its not that hard to guess your private email from your name). What do you think can be "dangerous" on disclosing your full name? What are the pros and cons? Do you use your real name or a pseudonym in your projects? I read this question: What are the advantages and disadvantages to using your real name online? but that doesn't apply to me bacause it's about using your real name online (internet discussions, profiles, etc.) where I personally see no reason to use my real name... And there is also this question: Copyrighting software, templates, etc. under real name or screen name? which deals with creating a business or a brand which also doesn't apply to me because I will never sell/give away my open source project and if someone else joins in, they can write their name as co-author without any problems...

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• Is it good practice to keep 2 related tables (using auto_increment PK) to have the same Max of auto_increment ID when table1 got modified?

  - by Tum

  This question is about good design practice in programming. Let see this example, we have 2 interrelated tables: Table1 textID - text 1 - love.. 2 - men... ... Table2 rID - textID 1 - 1 2 - 2 ... Note: In Table1: textID is auto_increment primary key In Table2: rID is auto_increment primary key & textID is foreign key The relationship is that 1 rID will have 1 and only 1 textID but 1 textID can have a few rID. So, when table1 got modification then table2 should be updated accordingly. Ok, here is a fictitious example. You build a very complicated system. When you modify 1 record in table1, you need to keep track of the related record in table2. To keep track, you can do like this: Option 1: When you modify a record in table1, you will try to modify a related record in table 2. This could be quite hard in term of programming expecially for a very very complicated system. Option 2: instead of modifying a related record in table2, you decided to delete old record in table 2 & insert new one. This is easier for you to program. For example, suppose you are using option2, then when you modify record 1,2,3,....,100 in table1, the table2 will look like this: Table2 rID - textID 101 - 1 102 - 2 ... 200 - 100 This means the Max of auto_increment IDs in table1 is still the same (100) but the Max of auto_increment IDs in table2 already reached 200. what if the user modify many times? if they do then the table2 may run out of records? we can use BigInt but that make the app run slower? Note: If you spend time to program to modify records in table2 when table1 got modified then it will be very hard & thus it will be error prone. But if you just clear the old record & insert new records into table2 then it is much easy to program & thus your program is simpler & less error prone. So, is it good practice to keep 2 related tables (using auto_increment PK) to have the same Max of auto_increment ID when table1 got modified?

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• Random software/shutdown problems Mac mini

  - by Oliver

  Hello I have a Mac mini using OS X 10.5.8. Recently I've been having problems that are becoming increasingly severe. Particular symptoms: Firefox "quits" but the dot on the dock remains. If I try shutting down at this point I can't and have to use the power button. I can't start Firefox either. Significantly higher than normal crash rate for CS4 Illustrator Photoshop and Dreamweaver. If Firefox remains open when sleeping the Mac, on waking up firefox is completely unresponsive and must be restarted. Can cause problem 1. Today I lost all my FTP settings for Dreamweaver CS4 Bluetooth switches on when booting despite being switched off. Network password retention is somewhat erractic. Tried running Apple Hardware Test as described in the manual. Cannot access install disk by pressing D at startup. My pen tablet (Bamboo) lost my preferences. Tried unstalling software and now cannot re-install. I've never had problems of this level outside warranty before so I don't know much about debugging Macs. Solutions attempted: Disable bluetooth (see problem 5) Disable time machine Run appple harware test (see problem 7) Tried using activity monitor but don't know which processes are normal Tried uninstalling more recent software. I don't have any idea what to do. It seems like a hard disk failure but I don't have the know how to continue.

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• Installing messaging software displays error 1324 invalid character

  - by llykke

  Trying to install Reuters Messaging software onto a windows 7 pc we receive the error message Error 1324: The folder path 'My Documents' contains an invalid character We've tried installing the application using the local admin account and the user account which is an AD account (roaming?). This user account has administrative rights (i.e. should be allowed to install applications). The users 'My Documents' folder is located on a network drive, where only the user has access. We've tried experimenting with the HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer\ User Shell Folders registry entries and setting them to a local position (i.e. C:\Users\Username\Documents) but this didn't resolve the error. We've also tried the following which was taken from a website I can't remember the name of: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem Select the NtfsDisable8dot3NameCreation entry and change the value to 0 Select the Win31FileSystem entry and change the value to 0 which didn't resolve the issue. Edit: This was also an issue when attempting to install the citrix native client necessary to run citrix application (*.ica extension). This made the same error box appear.

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• Ubuntu software stack to mimic Active Directory auth

  - by WickedGrey

  I'm going to have an Ubuntu 11.10 box in a customer's data center running a custom webapp. The customer will not have ssh access to the box, but will need authentication and authorization to access the webapp. The customer needs to have the option of either pointing the webapp at something that we've installed locally on the machine, or to use an Active Directory server that they have. I plan on using a standard "users belong to groups; groups have sets of permissions; the webapp requires certain permissions to respond" auth setup. What software stack can I install locally that will allow an easy switch to and from an Active Directory server, while keeping the configuration as simple as possible (both for me and the end customer)? I would like to use as much off-the-shelf software for this as possible; I do not want to be in the business of keeping user passwords secure. I could see handling the user/group/permission relationships myself if there is not a good out-of-the-box solution (but that seems highly unlikely). I will accept answers in the form of links to "here is what you need" pages, but not "here is what Kerberos does" unless that page also tells me if it's required for my use case (essentially, I know that AD can speak Kerberos, but I can't tell if I need it to, or if I can just use LDAP, or...).

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• Debian software raid 1: boot from both disk

  - by bsreekanth

  I newly installed debian squeeze with software raid.The way I did was, as also given in this thread. I have 2 HDD with 500 GB each. For each of them, I created 3 partitions (/boot, / and swap) I selected the hard drive and created a new partition table I created a new partition that was 1GB. I then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /boot and enabled bootable. Created another partition, which is of 480 GB, and then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /. Created another partion and used for swap Then RAID configuration: Through Configure RAID menu - create MD device - (2 for the number of drives, 0 for spare devices) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD0. I selected /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 (for /boot) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD1. I selected /dev/sda6 and /dev/sdb6 (for /) And no RAID for swap partitions 'Finish Partitioning and write changes to disk' -- Finish the rest of the install like normal Everything is ok now, except I am not sure how to test my raid config. When I pull the power of the HDD, it only boots from one disk. I read in some forum that I may have to install GRUB manually on the other. In Debian Squeeze, there is no grub command. Not sure how to make my software raid bootable from both disk. Also, please comment on my steps above. Anything unusual. I configured /boot partitions of both disks to be boot=yes. Not sure whether that is ok. Thanks, Bsr

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• Handle Sysinternals software does not accept -c parameter

  - by Alex

  I am trying to close a handle to a locked file in Windows, using Sysinternals Handle software (http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb896655). First I search for opened handle: handle.exe "C:\Temp" It issues me the following: Far.exe pid: 1144 type: File 2E8: C:\Temp Far.exe pid: 1144 type: File 3A8: C:\Temp Next I run handle.exe with -c parameter. However, whichever number I enter, it does not do anything. I have tried both: 1144, 2E8, 3A8 and 1144 in hex (478) as the software help says it accepts PID in hexademic. Whatever I enter, it just issues the following: Handle v3.46 Copyright (C) 1997-2011 Mark Russinovich Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com usage: handle [[-a [-l]] [-u] | [-c <handle> [-y]] | [-s]] [-p <process>|<pid>] [name] -a Dump all handle information. -l Just show pagefile-backed section handles. -c Closes the specified handle (interpreted as a hexadecimal number). You must specify the process by its PID. WARNING: Closing handles can cause application or system instability. -y Don't prompt for close handle confirmation. -s Print count of each type of handle open. -u Show the owning user name when searching for handles. -p Dump handles belonging to process (partial name accepted). name Search for handles to objects with <name> (fragment accepted). No arguments will dump all file references. What am I doing wrong?

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• Application to automate Windows software installation in a test lab

  - by Marc

  I have several test environments (hyper-V) which contain a variety of windows servers. Each machine needs periodically rolling back to a given snapshot and then re-installing with the latest version of our software to test. The software installs are quite complex MSI's with a fair few option screens. I know that the installs can be driven from the command line, passing in parameters to override the wizard options. At the simplest level I suppose I could just write a batch file to kick off each install with the required parameters, however the values that are passed in do need to change from time to time (and environment to environment) so a tool with a config file and simple GUI seems like a better idea. I think what makes it slightly more painful is the multiple environments. For example one environment might contain 4 servers and need a config file with all the server names, service endpoints etc. Another environment might be a 1-box install with all names and endpoints set to localhost. So, ideally I want to be able to store different setup configurations and use them to run all the required installers with the relevant settings against the relevant machines. Before I go off to write the thing, does anyone know of an existing, simple, free tool that will let me achieve this?

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• Software Diagnostics Tool recommendations for Debugging a Windows 8 freeze

  - by Stuart

  I've had my HP Pavillion dv6 laptop since last November - and it has had 8GB RAM and a 256GB Crucial M4 SSD installed since the start. I use it for software development and it's had a Windows 8 RTM installation since early September. Yesterday I had to give a presentation at a customer site - so used Powerpoint for the first time since installing Win8... since that point my machine has 'frozen' every 2 hours or so after startup. There doesn't seem to be any easy to see reason behind the freeze - the system just freezes, even if I have left it idle with just a desktop there. My immediate suspicion is that the SSD is the mostly likely cause of the problem. I've looked at some of the questions on here - e.g. How do I troubleshoot hardware issues related to a computer freeze/crash? - but don't really want to start taking my laptop apart. Another suspicion is that this might be related to the WiFi adapter (Broadcom 802.11n) since I have noticed that this doesn't seem to play perfectly with things like Hyper-V in Win8. Can anyone recommend any software diagnostic tools that I can run in order to evaluate the health of the SSD or of other parts of the system? Thanks Stuart P.S. I doubt Powerpoint is the cause of this, but I may use it as an excuse never to use it again... More realistically perhaps something got damaged during travel to the customer site?

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