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  • improve my code for collapsing a list of data.frames

    - by romunov
    Dear StackOverFlowers (flowers in short), I have a list of data.frames (walk.sample) that I would like to collapse into a single (giant) data.frame. While collapsing, I would like to mark (adding another column) which rows have came from which element of the list. This is what I've got so far. This is the data.frame that needs to be collapsed/stacked. > walk.sample [[1]] walker x y 1073 3 228.8756 -726.9198 1086 3 226.7393 -722.5561 1081 3 219.8005 -728.3990 1089 3 225.2239 -727.7422 1032 3 233.1753 -731.5526 [[2]] walker x y 1008 3 205.9104 -775.7488 1022 3 208.3638 -723.8616 1072 3 233.8807 -718.0974 1064 3 217.0028 -689.7917 1026 3 234.1824 -723.7423 [[3]] [1] 3 [[4]] walker x y 546 2 629.9041 831.0852 524 2 627.8698 873.3774 578 2 572.3312 838.7587 513 2 633.0598 871.7559 538 2 636.3088 836.6325 1079 3 206.3683 -729.6257 1095 3 239.9884 -748.2637 1005 3 197.2960 -780.4704 1045 3 245.1900 -694.3566 1026 3 234.1824 -723.7423 I have written a function to add a column that denote from which element the rows came followed by appending it to an existing data.frame. collapseToDataFrame <- function(x) { # collapse list to a dataframe with a twist walk.df <- data.frame() for (i in 1:length(x)) { n.rows <- nrow(x[[i]]) if (length(x[[i]])>1) { temp.df <- cbind(x[[i]], rep(i, n.rows)) names(temp.df) <- c("walker", "x", "y", "session") walk.df <- rbind(walk.df, temp.df) } else { cat("Empty list", "\n") } } return(walk.df) } > collapseToDataFrame(walk.sample) Empty list Empty list walker x y session 3 1 -604.5055 -123.18759 1 60 1 -562.0078 -61.24912 1 84 1 -594.4661 -57.20730 1 9 1 -604.2893 -110.09168 1 43 1 -632.2491 -54.52548 1 1028 3 240.3905 -724.67284 1 1040 3 232.5545 -681.61225 1 1073 3 228.8756 -726.91980 1 1091 3 209.0373 -740.96173 1 1036 3 248.7123 -694.47380 1 I'm curious whether this can be done more elegantly, with perhaps do.call() or some other more generic function?

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  • Application Errors vs User Errors in PHP

    - by CogitoErgoSum
    So after much debate back and forth, I've come up with what I think may be a valid plan to handle Application/System errors vs User Errors (I.e. Validation Issues, Permission Issues etc). Application/System Errors will be handled using a custom error handler (via set_error_handler()). Depending on the severity of the error, the user may be redirected to a generic error page (I.e. Fatal Error), or the error may simply be silently logged (i.e E_WARNING). These errors are ones most likely caused by issues outside the users control (Missing file, Bad logic, etc). The second set of errors would be User Generated ones. These are the ones may not automatically trigger an error but would be considered one. In these cases i"ve decided to use the trigger_error() function and typically throw a waning or notice which would be logged silently by the error handler. After that it would be up to the developer to then redirect the user to another page or display some sort of more meaningful message to the user. This way an error of any type is always logged, but user errors still allow the developer freedom to handle it in their own ways. I.e. Redirect them back to their form with it fully repopulated and a message of what went wrong. Does anyone see anything wrong with this, or have a more intuitive way? My approach to error handling is typically everyone has their own ways but there must be a way instituted.

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  • Images missing after moving Django to new server

    - by miszczu
    I'm moving Django project to new server. I'm newbie in Django, and I don't know where should be upload folder. There are all images which should be displayed on website. In config file I haven't seen upload folder I could specify, so I'm guessing it always should be the same location for django projects or I just can't find it. Locations are saved in database. When I've put uploaded files into media folder, so url was like domain.co.uk/media/upload/media/images/year/month/day/image_name.ext and the same is on the old website, images on website ware still missing. All images are visible if I put url by hand, but django doesn't seems to see files. Also I check django log file: 2012-05-30 09:13:33,393 ERROR render: Thumbnail tag failed: [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py (line 49)] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py", line 45, in render return self._render(context) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py", line 97, in _render file_, geometry, **options File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/base.py", line 50, in get_thumbnail cached = default.kvstore.get(thumbnail) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/base.py", line 25, in get return self._get(image_file.key) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/base.py", line 123, in _get value = self._get_raw(add_prefix(key, identity)) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/cached_db_kvstore.py", line 26, in _get_raw value = KVStoreModel.objects.get(key=key).value File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 132, in get return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 344, in get num = len(clone) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 82, in __len__ self._result_cache = list(self.iterator()) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 273, in iterator for row in compiler.results_iter(): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 680, in results_iter for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 735, in execute_sql cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 34, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 86, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, args) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 174, in execute self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler raise errorclass, errorvalue DatabaseError: (1146, "Table 'thumbnail_kvstore' doesn't exist") 2012-05-30 09:13:33,396 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `freetext_freetext`.`id`, `freetext_freetext`.`key`, `freetext_freetext`.`content`, `freetext_freetext`.`active` FROM `freetext_freetext` WHERE (`freetext_freetext`.`active` = True AND `freetext_freetext`.`key` = office-closed-message ); args=(True, u'office-closed-message') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,399 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `menus_menu`.`id`, `menus_menu`.`name`, `menus_menu`.`slug`, `menus_menu`.`base_url`, `menus_menu`.`description`, `menus_menu`.`enabled` FROM `menus_menu` WHERE (`menus_menu`.`enabled` = True AND `menus_menu`.`slug` = about ); args=(True, u'about') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,401 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `menus_menuitem`.`id`, `menus_menuitem`.`menu_id`, `menus_menuitem`.`title`, `menus_menuitem`.`url`, `menus_menuitem`.`order` FROM `menus_menuitem` INNER JOIN `menus_menu` ON (`menus_menuitem`.`menu_id` = `menus_menu`.`id`) WHERE `menus_menu`.`slug` = about ORDER BY `menus_menuitem`.`order` ASC; args=(u'about',) [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,404 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `freetext_freetext`.`id`, `freetext_freetext`.`key`, `freetext_freetext`.`content`, `freetext_freetext`.`active` FROM `freetext_freetext` WHERE (`freetext_freetext`.`active` = True AND `freetext_freetext`.`key` = contactdetails-footer ); args=(True, u'contactdetails-footer') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] I checked database and there is no table calls thumbnail_kvstore, but I have database backup, and in backup files this table doesn't exist. All uploaded files I get are in media/uploads/media/. Also I'm getting errors on some pages: Syntax error. Expected: ``thumbnail source geometry [key1=val1 key2=val2...] as var`` /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py in __init__, line 72 In template /var/www/vhosts/domain.co.uk/sites/apps/shop/products/templates/products/product_detail.html, error at line 34 {% thumbnail image.file "800x700" detail as zoom %} Maybe some modules I install are not in the right version. Dont know how to fix it. Im using, CentOS 6, mod_wsgi, apache, python 2.6. Update 1.0: On the old server was Django 1.3, on the new one is Django 1.3.1 Update 1.1: I this i know where is the problem. I tried python manage.py syncdb and this is output: Syncing... Creating tables ... The following content types are stale and need to be deleted: orders | ordercontact Any objects related to these content types by a foreign key will also be deleted. Are you sure you want to delete these content types? If you're unsure, answer 'no'. Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: no Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... No fixtures found. Synced: > django.contrib.auth > django.contrib.contenttypes > django.contrib.sessions > django.contrib.sites > django.contrib.messages > django.contrib.admin > django.contrib.admindocs > django.contrib.markup > django.contrib.sitemaps > django.contrib.redirects > django_filters > freetext > sorl.thumbnail > django_extensions > south > currencies > pagination > tagging > honeypot > core > faq > logentry > menus > news > shop > shop.cart > shop.orders Not synced (use migrations): - dbtemplates - contactform - links - media - pages - popularity - testimonials - shop.brands - shop.collections - shop.discount - shop.pricing - shop.product_types - shop.products - shop.shipping - shop.tax (use ./manage.py migrate to migrate these) Next I run python manage.py migrate, and thats what i get: Running migrations for dbtemplates: - Migrating forwards to 0002_auto__del_unique_template_name. > dbtemplates:0001_initial ! Error found during real run of migration! Aborting. ! Since you have a database that does not support running ! schema-altering statements in transactions, we have had ! to leave it in an interim state between migrations. ! You *might* be able to recover with: = DROP TABLE `django_template` CASCADE; [] = DROP TABLE `django_template_sites` CASCADE; [] ! The South developers regret this has happened, and would ! like to gently persuade you to consider a slightly ! easier-to-deal-with DBMS. ! NOTE: The error which caused the migration to fail is further up. Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 13, in <module> execute_manager(settings) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager utility.execute() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute output = self.handle(*args, **options) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/management/commands/migrate.py", line 105, in handle ignore_ghosts = ignore_ghosts, File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/__init__.py", line 191, in migrate_app success = migrator.migrate_many(target, workplan, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 221, in migrate_many result = migrator.__class__.migrate_many(migrator, target, migrations, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 292, in migrate_many result = self.migrate(migration, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 125, in migrate result = self.run(migration) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 99, in run return self.run_migration(migration) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 81, in run_migration migration_function() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 57, in <lambda> return (lambda: direction(orm)) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django_dbtemplates-1.3-py2.6.egg/dbtemplates/migrations/0001_initial.py", line 18, in forwards ('last_changed', self.gf('django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField')(default=datetime.datetime.now)), File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 226, in create_table ', '.join([col for col in columns if col]), File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 150, in execute cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 34, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 86, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, args) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 174, in execute self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler raise errorclass, errorvalue _mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (1050, "Table 'django_template' already exists") Also i run python manage.py migrate --list, and uotput is: dbtemplates (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_unique_template_name contactform (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_callback (*) 0003_auto__add_field_callback_notes (*) 0004_auto__add_field_callback_is_closed__add_field_callback_closed (*) 0005_auto__add_field_callback_url (*) 0006_auto__add_contact (*) 0007_auto__add_field_contact_category (*) 0008_auto__add_field_contact_url links (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_category_enabled__add_field_category_order media (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_field_image_external_url__add_field_image_link_url__del_fiel (*) 0003_add_model_FileAttachment (*) 0004_auto__chg_field_file_slug__chg_field_image_slug (*) 0005_auto__chg_field_image_file (*) 0006_auto__chg_field_file_file pages (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__chg_field_page_meta_description__chg_field_page_meta_title__chg_ (*) 0003_auto__add_field_page_show_in_sitemap (*) 0004_auto__add_field_page_changefreq__add_field_page_priority popularity (*) 0001_initial testimonials (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_testimonial_is_featured brands (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_brand_template (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_brand_meta_description__chg_field_brand_meta_title__ch (*) 0004_auto__add_field_brand_url (*) 0005_auto__del_field_brand_image__add_field_brand_logo collections (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_collection_discount (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_collection_meta_description__chg_field_collection_meta (*) 0004_auto__add_field_collection_is_featured (*) 0005_auto__add_field_collection_order discount (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_added_field_discount_description (*) 0003_auto__add_field_discountvoucher_automatic (*) 0004_auto__add_field_discountvoucher_collection (*) 0005_auto__del_field_discountvoucher_collection (*) 0006_auto__chg_field_discountvoucher_expiry_date pricing (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_pricingrule product_types (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_producttype_meta_title__add_field_producttype_meta_des (*) 0003_auto__add_field_producttype_summary__add_field_producttype_description products (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_field_product_is_featured (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_product_meta_keywords__chg_field_product_meta_descript (*) 0004_auto shipping (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_shippingmethod_includes_tax__add_field_shippingmethod_ (*) 0003_auto__add_field_shippingmethod_order (*) 0004_auto__del_field_shippingmethod_tax_rate__del_field_shippingmethod_incl (*) 0005_auto__del_field_shippingrule_enabled tax (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_taxrate_internal_name (*) 0003_initial_internal_names (*) 0004_auto__add_unique_taxrate_internal_name (*) 0005_force_unique_taxrate_name (*) 0006_auto__add_unique_taxrate_name After that some images source were something like this: src="cache/1e/bd/1ebd719910aa843238028edd5fe49e71.jpg" Is any1 could help me with syncdb pledase?

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  • Silverlight 3 - How to "refresh" a DataGrid content?

    - by Josimari Martarelli
    I have the following scenery: 1 using System; 2 using System.Windows; 3 using System.Windows.Controls; 4 using System.Windows.Documents; 5 using System.Windows.Ink; 6 using System.Windows.Input; 7 using System.Windows.Media; 8 using System.Windows.Media.Animation; 9 using System.Windows.Shapes; 10 using System.Collections.Generic; 11 12 namespace refresh 13 { 14 public partial class MainPage : UserControl 15 { 16 17 List c = new List(); 18 19 public MainPage() 20 { 21 // Required to initialize variables 22 InitializeComponent(); 23 c.Add(new Customer{ _nome = "Josimari", _idade = "29"}); 24 c.Add(new Customer{_nome = "Wesley", _idade = "26"}); 25 c.Add(new Customer{_nome = "Renato",_idade = "31"}); 26 27 this.dtGrid.ItemsSource = c; 28 } 29 30 private void Button_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) 31 { 32 c.Add(new Customer{_nome = "Maiara",_idade = "18"}); 33 } 34 35 } 36 37 public class Customer 38 { 39 public string _nome{get; set;} 40 public string _idade{get; set;} 41 } 42 } Where, dtGrid is my DataGrid control... The Question is: How to get the UI Updated after adding one more register to my list. I get to solve it setting the DataGrid's Item Source to "" and then setting to the list of Customer objects again, like that: 1 private void Button_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) 2 3 { 4 5 c.Add(new Customer{_nome = "Maiara",_idade = "18"}); 6 7 this.dtGrid.ItemsSource=""; 8 9 this.dtGrid.ItemsSource=c; 10 11 } 12 Is there a way to get the UI updated or the datagrid's itemsSource refreshed automatically after updating, altering or deleting an item from the list c ? Thank you, Josimari Martarelli

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  • SelectMany in Linq to entity

    - by Brazeta
    I was looking at some examples in microsoft site about linq and I see an example that I need to modify! http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vcsharp/aa336758.aspx#SelectManyCompoundfrom3 public void Linq16() { List customers = GetCustomerList(); var orders = from c in customers from o in c.Orders where o.OrderDate >= new DateTime(1998, 1, 1) select new { c.CustomerID, o.OrderID, o.OrderDate }; ObjectDumper.Write(orders); } Insted of having a select that retrives the CustomerID, OrderID and OrderDate I want to select the CustomerID and a System.Collection.Generic.List that contains all the orders for that user! Essentially I want to group my orders by CustomerID, but i noticed that linq to entity does not allow a .ToList(object) inside the select. I want something like this... List customers = GetCustomerList(); var orders = from c in customers from o in c.Orders where o.OrderDate >= new DateTime(1998, 1, 1) select new xpto { TheCostumerID = c.CustomerID, CostumerOrders = o.Select(i=>i.OrderID).ToList(), }; ...but the .ToList() is a big problem, at least for me. I'm trying to find out the solution for that but so far I have acomplished nothing! Please help me.

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  • Why is the compiler not selecting my function-template overload in the following example?

    - by Steve Guidi
    Given the following function templates: #include <vector> #include <utility> struct Base { }; struct Derived : Base { }; // #1 template <typename T1, typename T2> void f(const T1& a, const T2& b) { }; // #2 template <typename T1, typename T2> void f(const std::vector<std::pair<T1, T2> >& v, Base* p) { }; Why is it that the following code always invokes overload #1 instead of overload #2? void main() { std::vector<std::pair<int, int> > v; Derived derived; f(100, 200); // clearly calls overload #1 f(v, &derived); // always calls overload #1 } Given that the second parameter of f is a derived type of Base, I was hoping that the compiler would choose overload #2 as it is a better match than the generic type in overload #1. Are there any techniques that I could use to rewrite these functions so that the user can write code as displayed in the main function (i.e., leveraging compiler-deduction of argument types)?

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  • Parallel WCF calls to multiple servers

    - by gregmac
    I have a WCF service (the same one) running on multiple servers, and I'd like to call all instances in parallel from a single client. I'm using ChannelFactory and the interface (contract) to call the service. Each service has a local <endpoint> client defined in the .config file. What I'm trying to do is build some kind of generic framework to avoid code duplication. For example a synchronous call in a single thread looks something like this: Dim remoteName As String = "endpointName1" Dim svcProxy As ChannelFactory(Of IMyService) = New ChannelFactory(Of IMyService)(remoteName) Try svcProxy.Open() Dim svc As IMyService = svcProxy.CreateChannel() nodeResult = svc.TestRemote("foo") Finally svcProxy.Close() End Try The part I'm having difficulty with is how to specify and actually invoke the actual remote method (eg "TestRemote") without having to duplicate the above code, and all the thread-related stuff that invokes that, for each method. In the end, I'd like to be able to write code along the lines of (consider this psuedo code): Dim results as Dictionary(Of Node, ExpectedReturnType) results = ParallelInvoke(IMyService.SomeMethod, parameter1, parameter2) where ParallelInvoke() will take the method as an argument, as well as the parameters (paramArray or object() .. whatever) and then go run the request on each remote node, block until they all return an answer or timeout, and then return the results into a Dictionary with the key as the node, and the value as whatever value it returned. I can then (depending on the method) pick out the single value I need, or aggregate all the values from each server together, etc. I'm pretty sure I can do this using reflection and InvokeMember(), but that requires passing the method as a string (which can lead to errors like calling a non-existing method that can't be caught at compile time), so I'd like to see if there is a cleaner way to do this. Thanks

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  • Specifying formatting for csv.writer in Python

    - by user248237
    I am using csv.DictWriter to output csv files from a set of dictionaries. I use the following function: def dictlist2file(dictrows, filename, fieldnames, delimiter='\t', lineterminator='\n'): out_f = open(filename, 'w') # Write out header header = delimiter.join(fieldnames) + lineterminator out_f.write(header) # Write out dictionary data = csv.DictWriter(out_f, fieldnames, delimiter=delimiter, lineterminator=lineterminator) data.writerows(dictrows) out_f.close() where dictrows is a list of dictionaries, and fieldnames provides the headers that should be serialized to file. Some of the values in my dictionary list (dictrows) are numeric -- e.g. floats, and I'd like to specify the formatting of these. For example, I might want floats to be serialized with "%.2f" rather than full precision. Ideally, I'd like to specify some kind of mapping that says how to format each type, e.g. {float: "%.2f"} that says that if you see a float, format it with %.2f. Is there an easy way to do this? I don't want to subclass DictWriter or anything complicated like that -- this seems like very generic functionality. How can this be done? The only other solution I can think of is: instead of messing with the formatting of DictWriter, just use the decimal package to specify the decimal precision of floats to be %.2 which will cause to be serialized as such. Don't know if this is a better solution? thanks very much for your help.

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  • maintaining a large list in python

    - by Oren
    I need to maintain a large list of python pickleable objects that will quickly execute the following algorithm: The list will have 4 pointers and can: Read\Write each of the 4 pointed nodes Insert new nodes before the pointed nodes Increase a pointer by 1 Pop nodes from the beginning of the list (without overlapping the pointers) Add nodes at the end of the list The list can be very large (300-400 MB), so it shouldnt be contained in the RAM. The nodes are small (100-200 bytes) but can contain various types of data. The most efficient way it can be done, in my opinion, is to implement some paging-mechanism. On the harddrive there will be some database of a linked-list of pages where in every moment up to 5 of them are loaded in the memory. On insertion, if some max-page-size was reached, the page will be splitted to 2 small pages, and on pointer increment, if a pointer is increased beyond its loaded page, the following page will be loaded instead. This is a good solution, but I don't have the time to write it, especially if I want to make it generic and implement all the python-list features. Using a SQL tables is not good either, since I'll need to implement a complex index-key mechanism. I tried ZODB and zc.blist, which implement a BTree based list that can be stored in a ZODB database file, but I don't know how to configure it so the above features will run in reasonable time. I don't need all the multi-threading\transactioning features. No one else will touch the database-file except for my single-thread program. Can anyone explain me how to configure the ZODB\zc.blist so the above features will run fast, or show me a different large-list implementation?

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  • Use multiple WSGI mount points in Apache with an Nginx reverse proxy

    - by Thomas
    I am trying to set up multiple virtual hosts on the same server with Nginx and Apache and have run into a curious configuration issue. I have nginx is configured with a generic upstream to apache. upstream backend { server 1.1.1.1:8080; } I'm trying to set up multiple subdomains in nginx that hit different mountpoints in apache. Each would act like the following examples. server { listen 80; server_name foo.yoursite.com; location / { proxy_pass http://backend/bar/; include /etc/nginx/proxy.conf; } ... } server { listen 80; server_name delta.yoursite.com; location / { proxy_pass http://backend/gamma/; include /etc/nginx/proxy.conf; } ... } These mountpoints are pointed at django projects, however each of the url entries are coming back prepended with the apache mountpoint path. So, if I called the django url entry for foo.yoursite.com/wiki/biz/, django appears to be returning foo.yoursite.com/bar/wiki/biz/. Similarly, if I call for the url entry for delta.yoursite.com/wiki/biz/, I get delta.yoursite.com/gamma/wiki/biz/. Is there any way get rid of the prefix being returned on the url entries by django and apache?

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  • DomainContext class is not created in a RIA services class library solution

    - by Konamiman
    I have created a RIA services class library project and things are not going as I expected. The problem is that when I add domain service classes to the server project, the corresponding domain context classes are not generated on the client project. I start by creating a new project of type WCF RIA services class library. The generated solution has two projects: RIAServicesLibrary1 (the Silverlight class library project) and RIAServicesLibrary1.Web (the class library that will hold the services). Then I add a new project item to RIAServicesLibrary1.Web of type DomainServiceClass. I add a sample method so that the resulting class code is: namespace RIAServicesLibrary1.Web { using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; using System.Linq; using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Hosting; using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Server; // TODO: Create methods containing your application logic. [EnableClientAccess()] public class DomainService1 : DomainService { [Invoke] void DoSomething() { } } } Then I generate the whole solution and... nothing happens on the client project. The Generated_Code folder is empty, and the domain context object for the service is not here. Funny enough, if I add a new item of type Authentication domain service, it works as expected: the file RIAServicesLibrary1.Web.g.cs is created on the client project, containing the AuthenticationDomainService1 class as expected. So what's happening here? Am I doing something wrong? Note: I am using Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate RTM and WCF RIA services 1.0.

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  • C# and F# lambda expressions code generation

    - by ControlFlow
    Let's look at the code, generated by F# for simple function: let map_add valueToAdd xs = xs |> Seq.map (fun x -> x + valueToAdd) The generated code for lambda expression (instance of F# functional value) will looks like this: [Serializable] internal class map_add@3 : FSharpFunc<int, int> { public int valueToAdd; internal map_add@3(int valueToAdd) { this.valueToAdd = valueToAdd; } public override int Invoke(int x) { return (x + this.valueToAdd); } } And look at nearly the same C# code: using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; static class Program { static IEnumerable<int> SelectAdd(IEnumerable<int> source, int valueToAdd) { return source.Select(x => x + valueToAdd); } } And the generated code for the C# lambda expression: [CompilerGenerated] private sealed class <>c__DisplayClass1 { public int valueToAdd; public int <SelectAdd>b__0(int x) { return (x + this.valueToAdd); } } So I have some questions: Why does F#-generated class is not marked as sealed? Why does F#-generated class contains public fields since F# doesn't allows mutable closures? Why does F# generated class has the constructor? It may be perfectly initialized with the public fields... Why does C#-generated class is not marked as [Serializable]? Also classes generated for F# sequence expressions are also became [Serializable] and classes for C# iterators are not.

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  • Finding perfect numbers in C# (optimization)

    - by paradox
    I coded up a program in C# to find perfect numbers within a certain range as part of a programming challenge . However, I realized it is very slow when calculating perfect numbers upwards of 10000. Are there any methods of optimization that exist for finding perfect numbers? My code is as follows: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace ConsoleTest { class Program { public static List<int> FindDivisors(int inputNo) { List<int> Divisors = new List<int>(); for (int i = 1; i<inputNo; i++) { if (inputNo%i==0) Divisors.Add(i); } return Divisors; } public static void Main(string[] args) { const int limit = 100000; List<int> PerfectNumbers = new List<int>(); List<int> Divisors=new List<int>(); for (int i=1; i<limit; i++) { Divisors = FindDivisors(i); if (i==Divisors.Sum()) PerfectNumbers.Add(i); } Console.Write("Output ="); for (int i=0; i<PerfectNumbers.Count; i++) { Console.Write(" {0} ",PerfectNumbers[i]); } Console.Write("\n\n\nPress any key to continue . . . "); Console.ReadKey(true); } } }

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  • Custom Keyboard (iPhone), UIKeyboardDidShowNotification and UITableViewController

    - by Pascal
    On an iPhone App, I've got a custom keyboard which works like the standard keyboard; it appears if a custom textfield becomes first responder and hides if the field resigns first responder. I'm also posting the Generic UIKeyboardWillShowNotification, UIKeyboardDidShowNotification and their hiding counterparts, like follows: NSMutableDictionary *userInfo = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:5]; [userInfo setObject:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:self.center] forKey:UIKeyboardCenterBeginUserInfoKey]; [userInfo setObject:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:shownCenter] forKey:UIKeyboardCenterEndUserInfoKey]; [userInfo setObject:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:self.bounds] forKey:UIKeyboardBoundsUserInfoKey]; [userInfo setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut] forKey:UIKeyboardAnimationCurveUserInfoKey]; [userInfo setObject:[NSNumber numberWithDouble:thisAnimDuration] forKey:UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil userInfo:userInfo]; This code is working and I use it in UIViewController subclasses. Now since iPhone OS 3.0, UITableViewController automatically resizes its tableView when the system keyboards show and hide. I'm only now compiling against 3.0 and I thought that the controller should also resize the table if my custom keyboard appears, since I'm posting the same notification. However it doesn't. The table view controller is set as the delegate of the input fields. Does anyone have an idea why this might be the case? Has anyone implemented something similar successfully? I have standard input fields along the custom ones, so if the user changes the fields the standard keyboard hides and the custom one shows. It would be beneficial if the tableView didn't resize to full height and I didn't have to resize it back with a custom method.

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  • How can I implement NHibernate session per request without a dependency on NHibernate?

    - by Ben
    I've raised this question before but am still struggling to find an example that I can get my head around (please don't just tell me to look at the S#arp Architecture project without at least some directions). So far I have achieved near persistance ignorance in my web project. My repository classes (in my data project) take an ISession in the constructor: public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository { private ISession _session; public ProductRepository(ISession session) { _session = session; } In my global.asax I expose the current session and am creating and disposing session on beginrequest and endrequest (this is where I have the dependency on NHibernate): public static ISessionFactory SessionFactory = CreateSessionFactory(); private static ISessionFactory CreateSessionFactory() { return new Configuration() .Configure() .BuildSessionFactory(); } protected MvcApplication() { BeginRequest += delegate { CurrentSessionContext.Bind(SessionFactory.OpenSession()); }; EndRequest += delegate { CurrentSessionContext.Unbind(SessionFactory).Dispose(); }; } And finally my StructureMap registry: public AppRegistry() { For<ISession>().TheDefault .Is.ConstructedBy(x => MvcApplication.SessionFactory.GetCurrentSession()); For<IProductRepository>().Use<ProductRepository>(); } It would seem I need my own generic implementations of ISession and ISessionFactory that I can use in my web project and inject into my repositories? I'm a little stuck so any help would be appreciated. Thanks, Ben

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  • Enum Naming Convention - Plural

    - by o.k.w
    I'm asking this question despite having read similar but not exactly what I want at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/495051/c-naming-convention-for-enum-and-matching-property I found I have a tendency to name enums in plural and then 'use' them as singular, example: public enum EntityTypes { Type1, Type2 } public class SomeClass { /* some codes */ public EntityTypes EntityType {get; set;} } Of course it works and this is my style, but can anyone find potential problem with such convention? I do have an "ugly" naming with the word "Status" though: public enum OrderStatuses { Pending, Fulfilled, Error, Blah, Blah } public class SomeClass { /* some codes */ public OrderStatuses OrderStatus {get; set;} } Additional Info: Maybe my question wasn't clear enough. I often have to think hard when naming the variables of the my defined enum types. I know the best practice, but it doesn't help to ease my job of naming those variables. I can't possibly expose all my enum properties (say "Status") as "MyStatus". My question: Can anyone find potential problem with my convention described above? It is NOT about best practice. Question rephrase: Well, I guess I should ask the question this way: Can someone come out a good generic way of naming the enum type such that when used, the naming of the enum 'instance' will be pretty straightforward?

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  • Complex data types in WCF?

    - by Hojou
    I've run into a problem trying to return an object that holds a collection of childobjects that again can hold a collection of grandchild objects. I get an error, 'connection forcibly closed by host'. Is there any way to make this work? I currently have a structure resembling this: pseudo code: Person: IEnumerable<Order> Order: IEnumberable<OrderLine> All three objects have the DataContract attribute and all public properties i want exposed (including the IEnumerable's) have the DataMember attribute. I have multiple OperationContract's on my service and all the methods returning a single object OR an IEnumerable of an object works perfectly. It's only when i try to nest IEnumerable that it turns bad. Also in my client service reference i picked the generic list as my collection type. I just want to emphasize, only one of my operations/methods fail with this error - the rest of them work perfectly. EDIT (more detailed error description): [SocketException (0x2746): An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host] [IOException: Unable to read data from the transport connection: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host.] [WebException: The underlying connection was closed: An unexpected error occurred on a receive.] [CommunicationException: An error occurred while receiving the HTTP response to http://myservice.mydomain.dk/MyService.svc. This could be due to the service endpoint binding not using the HTTP protocol. This could also be due to an HTTP request context being aborted by the server (possibly due to the service shutting down). See server logs for more details.] I tried looking for logs but i can't find any... also i'm using a WSHttpBinding and an http endpoint.

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  • PDF files created on iPad dont display correctly on Windows

    - by user286028
    My iPhone app creates PDF files (in Arial font). The plain iPhone 3.1.x version works great (other than the known issue that PDFs created on the iPhone cant be viewed correctly in Google Docs or the BlackBerry). As I am updating my project for OS 3.2 and the iPad, it works just the same, and the PDFs still look great on the iPhone, iPad and MacOS (Preview app). But now on Windows (Vista), Acrobat 9.3.1 says "Cannot extract the embedded font 'XYZABC+ArialMT'. Some characters may not display or print correctly". And in fact Acrobat then uses some generic font instead of Arial (or whatever other font I try). Quartz 3.2 seems to generate these "random" embedded font names each time it creates a PDF (the XYZABC changes around each time). I can't tell whether the problem is just the somewhat strange "temporary" embedded font name with the plus sign, or the way Quartz 3.2 is embedding fonts. I have tried my existing code (using CGPDFContext* funtions), and also the newly supported UIGraphics* functions, with the same results. Has anyone else tried creating PDFs on the iPad yet and gotten them to display correctly on Windows?

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  • How can I tell the Data Annotations validator to also validate complex child properties?

    - by GWB
    Can I automatically validate complex child objects when validating a parent object and include the results in the populated ICollection<ValidationResult>? If I run the following code: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { public class Person { [Required] public string Name { get; set; } public Address Address { get; set; } } public class Address { [Required] public string Street { get; set; } [Required] public string City { get; set; } [Required] public string State { get; set; } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Person person = new Person { Name = null, Address = new Address { Street = "123 Any St", City = "New York", State = null } }; var validationContext = new ValidationContext(person, null, null); var validationResults = new List<ValidationResult>(); var isValid = Validator.TryValidateObject(person, validationContext, validationResults); Console.WriteLine(isValid); validationResults.ForEach(r => Console.WriteLine(r.ErrorMessage)); Console.ReadKey(true); } } } I get the following output: False The Name field is required. But I was expecting something similar to: False The Name field is required. The State field is required.

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  • asp.net mvc custom model binder

    - by mike
    pleas help guys, my custom model binder which has been working perfectly has starting giving me errors details below An item with the same key has already been added. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.ArgumentException: An item with the same key has already been added. Source Error: Line 31: { Line 32: string key = bindingContext.ModelName; Line 33: var doc = base.BindModel(controllerContext, bindingContext) as Document; Line 34: Line 35: // DoBasicValidation(bindingContext, doc); Source File: C:\Users\Bich Vu\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\PitchPortal\PitchPortal.Web\Binders\DocumentModelBinder.cs Line: 33 Stack Trace: [ArgumentException: An item with the same key has already been added.] System.ThrowHelper.ThrowArgumentException(ExceptionResource resource) +51 System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2.Insert(TKey key, TValue value, Boolean add) +7462172 System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(IEnumerable1 source, Func2 keySelector, Func2 elementSelector, IEqualityComparer1 comparer) +270 System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(IEnumerable1 source, Func2 keySelector, IEqualityComparer1 comparer) +102 System.Web.Mvc.ModelBindingContext.get_PropertyMetadata() +157 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultModelBinder.BindProperty(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext, PropertyDescriptor propertyDescriptor) +158 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultModelBinder.BindProperties(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) +90 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultModelBinder.BindComplexElementalModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext, Object model) +50 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultModelBinder.BindComplexModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) +1048 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultModelBinder.BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) +280 PitchPortal.Web.Binders.documentModelBinder.BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) in C:\Users\Bich Vu\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\PitchPortal\PitchPortal.Web\Binders\DocumentModelBinder.cs:33 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.GetParameterValue(ControllerContext controllerContext, ParameterDescriptor parameterDescriptor) +257 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.GetParameterValues(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor) +109 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +314 System.Web.Mvc.Controller.ExecuteCore() +105 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +39 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.System.Web.Mvc.IController.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +7 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClass8.b_4() +34 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c_DisplayClass1.b_0() +21 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c__DisplayClass81.<BeginSynchronous>b__7(IAsyncResult _) +12 System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult1.End() +59 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +44 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +7 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +8677678 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155 any ideas guys? Thanks

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  • Programmatically implementing an interface that combines some instances of the same interface in var

    - by namin
    What is the best way to implement an interface that combines some instances of the same interface in various specified ways? I need to do this for multiple interfaces and I want to minimize the boilerplate and still achieve good efficiency, because I need this for a critical production system. Here is a sketch of the problem. Abstractly, I have a generic combiner class which takes the instances and specify the various combinators: class Combiner<I> { I[] instances; <T> T combineSomeWay(InstanceMethod<I,T> method) { // ... method.call(instances[i]) ... combined in some way ... } // more combinators } Now, let's say I want to implement the following interface among many others: Interface Foo { String bar(int baz); } I want to end up with code like this: class FooCombiner implements Foo { Combiner<Foo> combiner; @Override public String bar(final int baz) { return combiner.combineSomeWay(new InstanceMethod<Foo, String> { @Override public call(Foo instance) { return instance.bar(baz); } }); } } Now, this can quickly get long and winded if the interfaces have lots of methods. I know I could use a dynamic proxy from the Java reflection API to implement such interfaces, but method access via reflection is hundred times slower. So what are the alternatives to boilerplate and reflection in this case?

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  • FindBugs not accepting bcel.jar in ANT script

    - by deltaball
    I installed findbugs into my ant lib directory and added the following code into my main ANT script: <target name="findbugs" depends="init"> <findbugs home="C:\\findbugs\\" output="html outputFile="C:\\findbugs\\out.html" jvmargs="-Xms512M"> <sourcePath path="${messageaggregator.src}" /> <class location="${messageaggregator.src}"/> </findbugs> </target> The following xml is called within the init target: <taskdef name="findbugs" classname="edu.umd.cs.findbugs.anttask.FindBugsTask"> On running the ANT script, all I get is the following output: findbugs: [findbugs] Executing findbugs from ant task [findbugs] Running FindBugs... [findbugs] BCEL class compatability error. [findbugs] The version of class org.apache.bcel.generic.ObjectType found was not compatible with [findbugs] FindBugs. Please remove any BCEL libraries that may be interfering. This may happen [findbugs] if you have an old version of BCEL or a library that includes an old version of BCEL [findbugs] in an "endorsed" directory. [findbugs] Output saved to C:\\findbugs\\out.html Why is findbugs not working?

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  • Phantom class definitions in Flash CS5?

    - by cc
    I'm trying to get FlashPunk working in the Flash CS5 IDE (don't ask), and I'm having trouble getting it to compile. In strict mode, the error I'm getting is: net/flashpunk/FP.as, Line 95 1119: Access of possibly undefined property _inherit through a reference with static type World. Typically, this means that there is a missing variable definition or the class being compiled cannot see that variable. Presumably, the framework compiles for others, so I'm pretty sure this isn't the issue, but I went in anyway and made sure the variables existed and set these variables to public (they were set to internal), but the error still occurred. It was almost like the compiler wasn't seeing the property definitions. If I turn off "strict mode", the app compiles, but then I get this error: ArgumentError: Error #1063: Argument count mismatch on World(). Expected 2, got 0. Now, World is a class in the FlashPunk package. In the class definition for it, the constructor does not expect any arguments: public function World() { ... ...and yet, for some reason, Flash is expecting two arguments. So it appears that everything is correct, but Flash is somehow expecting something different than what World's constructor defines. These two issues combined makes it seem like Flash is getting some other phantom version of another class called "World" which has two constructor arguments and different properties. I've gone in and checked the ActionScript settings. The only external-to-project stuff referenced is the default "$(AppConfig)/ActionScript 3.0/libs". And I'm not using any of my own code other than a single "Main.as" file that super's Engine to set a few parameters - certainly, there's no new World class. With a generic name like "World", I thought perhaps this is a reserved class name within Flash or something, maybe imported from the default libs mentioned above, but some Googling turning up empty seems to put the lie to that. Any idea what might be going on?

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  • Javascript :(….. Oh!! So its jquery? Now what?? I’m a C# Guy

    - by Shekhar_Pro
    Hi guys I want you to Guide me here. This other day I was working out some AJAX for my ASP.Net website and handling client side code in Java was taking the hell out of me. Then I got my hands on this Book jQuery In Action 2nd Edition and solved my problem with the help of Example code in the book. Now as I checked the contents I got an overview that whatever I had ever thought of doing can be done by this jQuery so easily and quite cleanly. I am actually pretty new to web development (say abt 4months ) and from C# world where we have cool libraries and Simple and Elegant coding style. (yeah including those generic, Ienumerable, lambadas, chained statements.. you got it…) and you know what you’re doing when writing some code. And we have so great IntelliSense to care., and above all we have everything Strongly Typed. But in Javascript everything is so messy.. . (and I don’t know why they are not properly indented.. see page source ) Now tell me what should I do, go straight with jQuery or should I first learn Javascript (like a disciplined boy…I even have a book for that too… got in gift :) …. ) I have seen Is it a good idea to learn JavaScript before learning jQuery? but remember I have already got a project on my hand…

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  • How do you cast a LinqToSql Table<TEntity> as a Table<IEntity> where TEntity : IEntity?

    - by DanM
    I'm trying to use DbLinq with a SQLite database, but I'm running into a problem when I try to cast an ITable as a Queryable<TEntity>. There is a known bug in DbLinq (Issue 211), which might be the source of my problem, but I wanted to make sure my code is sound and, if it is, find out if there might be something I can do to work around the bug. Here is the generic repository method that attempts to do the cast: public IQueryable<TEntity> GetAll() { return Table.Cast<TEntity>(); // Table is an ITable } This compiles, but if I pass in the interface IPerson for TEntity and the type of the entities in the table is Person (where Person : IPerson), I'm getting this error from DbLinq: S0133: Implement QueryMethod Queryable.Cast. Why am I trying to do this? I have a library project that doesn't know the type of the entity until runtime, but it does know the interface for the entity. So, I'm trying to cast to the interface type so that my library project can consume the data. Questions: Am I attempting an impossible cast or is this definitely a bug in DbLinq? How else could I go about solving my problem?

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