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• Method to integrate Powershell scripts with non-Windows workflow?

  - by Matt Simmons

  I love the smell of new machines in the morning. I'm automating a machine creation workflow that involves several separate systems across my infrastructure, some of which involve 15 year old perl scripts on Solaris hosts, PXE Booting Linux systems, and Powershell on Windows Server 2008. I can script each of the individual parts, and integrating the Linux and Unix automation is fairly straightforward, but I'm at a loss as to how to reliably tie together the Powershell scripts to the rest of the processes. I would prefer if the process began on a Linux host, since I imagine that it will end up as a web application living on an Apache server, but if it needs to begin on Windows, I am hesitantly okay with that. I would ideally like something along the lines of psexec for Linux to run against Windows, but the answer in that direction appears to by Cygwin, and as much as I appreciate all of the hard work that they put in, it has never felt right, if you know what I mean. It's great for a desktop and gives a lot of functionality, but I feel like Windows servers should be treated like Windows servers and not bastardized Unix machines (which, incidentally, is my argument against OSX servers, too, and they're actually Unix). Anyway, I don't want to go with Cygwin unless that's the last and only option. So I guess what I'm asking is if there is a way to execute jobs on Windows machines from Linux. Without Cygwin. I'm open to ideas and suggestions, including "Look idiot, everyone uses Cygwin, so suck it up and deal with it". Thanks in advance!

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• Having trouble keeping a 1GB RAM Centos server running

  - by Josh

  This is my first time configuring a VPS server and I'm having a few issues. We're running Wordpress on a 1GB Centos server configured per the internet (online research). No custom queries or anything crazy but closing in on 8K posts. At arbitrary intervals, the server just goes down. From the client side, it just says "Loading..." and will spin more or less indefinitely. On the server side, the shell will lock completely. We have to do a hard reboot from the control panel and then everything is fine. Watching "top" I see it hovering between 35 - 55% memory usage generally and occasional spikes up to around 80%. When I saw it go down, there were about 30 - 40 Apache processes showing which pushed memory over the edge. "error_log" tells me that maxclients was reached right before each reboot instance. I've tried tinkering with that but to no avail. I think we'll probably need to bump the server up to the next RAM level but with ~120K pageviews per month, it seems like that's a bit overkill since it was running fairly well on a shared server before. Any ideas? httpd.conf and my.cnf values to add? I'll update this with the current ones if that helps. Thanks in advance! This has been a fun and important learning experience but, overall, quite frustrating! Edit: quick top snapshot: top - 15:18:15 up 2 days, 13:04, 1 user, load average: 0.56, 0.44, 0.38 Tasks: 85 total, 2 running, 83 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 6.7%us, 3.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 89.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 2051088k total, 736708k used, 1314380k free, 199576k buffers Swap: 4194300k total, 0k used, 4194300k free, 287688k cached

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• Router vs switch in a LAN [closed]

  - by servernewbie

  If I have a LAN and and connect it with a switch, I understand it uses a CAM table to route packets in layer 2 (by saving mac to port relations). So far all good. However, when using a router for a LAN (ONLY for a LAN, not to connect it to "the outside" WAN/internet/etc) I get a bit confused as to how it internally processes packets. I would first split this into two router scenarios: Router with buit-in switch In this scenario, I would expect that it will act exactly as a switch with a CAM table internally. This would probably benefit a bit in speed (guessing here?) compared to the next option. Router without built-in switch Here is where I get confused. If hostA wants to send a packet to hostB, it will ARP to find hostB's MAC address and send it there. Now, if we had a switch (above scenario) this would be easy. But how does it work now in a router WITHOUT a switch? If I would guess, hostA would send an Ethernet frame with hostB's MAC address to the line. The router would fetch the packet (even though the router has another MAC address, it would still fetch this packet even if it only contains hostB's MAC address). It would strip the Ethernet frame header and check the IP, and then check its own internal ARP table again for the MAC address. Now, this would seem like a waste of resources compared to a router with a built-in switch. But maybe it does not work like that at all. Does it also contain a CAM table? If that would be true, what would then the difference between these two routers really be?

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• Automated Linux VMs on Hyper-V 2012

  - by Mick

  I have a requirement to create a ton of linux VMs for our customers (we run managed infrastructure) on Hyper-V 2012 in the coming months and I have an issue with automating it. Here is how I need it to work: User accesses their web page and creates a VM. VM is created with a unique IP and name User logs in over SSH I know Hyper-V quite well and can work with powershell and am a C# programmer so the development side of things is taken care of. I also know enough about Linux to be at least competent: I have used it on and off for a number of years but not done anything Enterprise-level with it. All this can be done easily by manual processes but I need to be able to script or program this to automate it as there could be hundreds of them being created but I don't know how. My first thought is to have a database with random-generated names and IPs already created but I don't know how to get a Linux VM to boot up and grab one from the database... I suppose a Kickstart script would take care of it but I don't know what to do from there. Here is what is bouncing around in my head: Create a std linux build. - Easy to do Someone clicks "Create VM" and I pull a name and IP from the database and write it to a kickstart script. - Easy to do I could then open the template VHDX file and copy in the script and then save it. - Not sure if possible User boots up new VM and the kickstart script gives it the name and IP I assigned it. My problem is that I don't know how to open a VHDX file and insert a kickstart script into it... can't figure it out. I am reaching here and this solution may be miles off... I am more used to creating Windows VMs with scripts and so on which i am more familiar with... any help would be appreciated. Thanks Mick

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• Suddenly getting lock timeouts with MySQL

  - by Marc Hughes

  We've got a web app hosted on Amazon Web services. Our database is a multi-az RDS MySQL server running 5.1.57 and 3-4 app servers talk to it. Today, we started seeing a lot of errors along the lines of "Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction" - almost 1% of POST requests are seeing this. There have been no modifications to the code running on the site. There have been no schema changes. We haven't had a big spike in traffic. I've been looking at the processes running, and none seem out of control. I tried scaling our RDS instance from a small to a large, with no effect. Two days ago, Amazon had some outages. As part of the recovery from that, our RDS server, and our app servers ended up in different availability zones, but all within the same region. But yesterday, everything was fine so I'm not convinced that's related. The lock timeouts are in different types of requests and occur in different InnoDB tables. I have noticed the number of open connections jumped when we started seeing problems, but they may be a symptom and not a cause. What are my next steps in debugging this?

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• Synergy: Cannot send media keys from Linux to Mac

  - by CraftyThumber

  I have a Linux Synergy server (Si-Linux) serving just one Mac client (Macbook Pro UK) (SiBook-Pro.local). On my Linux server I am using a USB Apple keyboard with the exact layout of the laptops keyboard (the compact UK aluminium keyboard). I would like to send the media keys to the Mac client at all times and I have attempted the following in my synergy.conf: keystroke(AudioPlay) = keystroke(AudioPlay,SiBook-Pro.local) This did not seem to work so I ran both the server and client as foreground processes and with debugging enabled and observed the following: Server Log: DEBUG1: activate actions DEBUG1: hotkey: keyDown(AudioPlay,SiBook-Pro.local) DEBUG1: onKeyDown id=57523 mask=0x0000 button=0x0000 DEBUG1: send key down to "SiBook-Pro.local" id=57523, mask=0x0000, button=0x0000 DEBUG1: deactivate actions DEBUG1: hotkey: keyUp(AudioPlay,SiBook-Pro.local) DEBUG1: onKeyUp id=57523 mask=0x0000 button=0x0000 DEBUG1: send key up to "SiBook-Pro.local" id=57523, mask=0x0000, button=0x0000 Client Log: DEBUG1: recv key down id=0x0000e0b3, mask=0x0000, button=0x0000 DEBUG1: mapKey e0b3 (57523) with mask 0000, start state: 0000 DEBUG1: key e0b3 is not on keyboard DEBUG1: recv key up id=0x0000e0b3, mask=0x0000, button=0x0000 DEBUG1: recv enter, 1279,386 5 2000 As you can see, the client claims the key received is not on keyboard. I don't understand since it is the same key as is on the Macbook's keyboard. I tried to reverse the client-server config to see if I could capture the key being sent if I pressed the Play button on the Macbook but the key doesn't seem to even make it to Synergy. Almost all keyboard presses get logged but the media keys seem to bypass the logs and just execute their function locally. E.g. I press play on the Macbook (with the Macbook as the server) and the key plays music on the Macbook and the key is not logged to the debug log.

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• Disk usage on IIS, PHP5, performance problems.

  - by Jacob84

  Hi everybody, I'm quite worried with a performance problem that I'm facing in one of our production servers. I'm working for a hosting company, so you can imagine how heterogeneous the applications runnning here are. All started with a call of a client complaining about the speed loading a Joomla. The setup is IIS6 (Windows 2003) with PHP5 and FAST CGI wich normally works pretty well. I've tested the loading time and indeed, he was right. 7 or 8 seconds to load, when usually this can be accomplished in 2. Seeing this results, I started to check first CPU and RAM. Everithing normal, 2GB of RAM free, 3%-8% of CPU activity. That's what I call a relaxed server ;). Unfortunately, digging a little deeper I've found the 'PhysicalDisk' counters quite high (above 10), specially the read queues. I've used Process Explorer to see wich of those processes has the higher deltas, but everything seemed normal. As the problem is specially related to PHP pages, I've checked specific IIS counters, as Actual connections, Number of CGI requeriments and Number of ISAPI requeriments. CGI -> 3 to 7 ISAPI -> 5 to 9 Connections-> 90 to 120 (wich appears at the top of the graph) More than a solution (I know this is hard to find), I would like to know if you have an specifical methodology to face this kind of problems. Thanks a lot, as always.

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• Windows shutting down, CPU maxing out in Windows-7 32-bit? [closed]

  - by Vivek Sharma

  I have no idea, what is happening to my laptop. For last 5-6 times it has automatically shutdown while running, without doing anything serious. And I even do get the message during boot which says - Start windows normal - Start in safe mode It just boots up normal. Few days ago, my screen blinked and it the PC shutdown immediately. After that I was not able to get it started. I got it repaired, the guy said he has replaced the display chip (nVidia-nvs-140), but i seriously doubt that. Now it started working, but would shutdown every 20 mins or so. I have a dual boot, ubuntu-11.10 works just fine. Virus scan on windows shows nothing. I am pasting my perfmon output. My CPU for reason is maxing out to 100% continously, for windows internal processes. Please have a look at the attached file. Strangly now for last 2 hours it is working fine, but i am just writing emails and reading excels. ThinkPad T61 | t9300 | 3gb | nVidia 140 nvs-quadro (latest driver 296.10) What do you suggest?

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• win 7 something is causing excessive disk usage, maybe chrome?

  - by camcam

  On my Win 7 computer, this happens: I work for several hours without problems, also using Chrome Suddenly, just after refreshing a page in Chrome, disk starts being used excessively (here I can close Chrome or not, no matter, the disk won't stop) Disk diod is on all the time and I hear it running like crazy, all computer is a little slowed down It last 5-10 minutes In the meantime, I go to Windows Task Manager and observe what processes are using disk and turn them off one by one - but no success in stopping the excessive disk usage After approximately 10 minutes everything stops I go to Chrome (or re-open it) and refresh the page with mixed results - sometimes the whole process repeats immediately, sometimes not Basically, it is almost always Chrome refreshing random page that starts the excessive disk usage, but killing Chrome process does not stop the disk. Going to the same page in Firefox is not causing problems. Windows Search is turned off. I would like to know what is really happening. Perhaps there is a utility which would allow me to see which process is really using the disk, so that I can disable the service ? (not chrome, because killing chrome does not change anything) or even better, perhaps there is a way to fix it?

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• UW-IMAP server, high load for one user

  - by Bruce Garlock

  We have been experiencing a very strange anomaly, with one specific user with our UW-IMAP server. We have about 75 users using the server, and one particular user, who is in about the middle as far as used storage keeps having issues with slow speed. Most of our users all use Thunderbird 2, or Thunderbird 3. Mostly 2, because of the performance issues we have had with 3. This user was on 3, and I downgraded him to 2. The performance has gotten better, but according to the imapd processes on the server, his username is using the most CPU % and CPU time. I've already done all the usual T/S'ing: Started profile from scratch, compacted folders, re-indexed, newer faster computer, etc.. Still, this users' imapd process is always using the most CPU on the server. For troubleshooting, we setup another user which has more usage, folders, etc.. than he does, but we don't see the users process taking up most of the CPU with the imapd process. So, it almost sounds like a particular email may be the culprit, but how can we find it, if thats the problem? This has been going on for a while, and he is a management person, so his patience is about to end. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• "What happens?" server performance monitor

  - by AlexAtNet

  Hello! After reviewing some thread about server monitoring software I end up with a simple question: Which of the server monitoring tools should I use for automatic detection of "abnormal" situations with recommendations on how to fix them? I look for software that checks the system performance after installation and calculate some average load values (memory, CPU, etc). And when something happens (CPU load is increased to 20%) then it tries to detect a reason for this. If it is apache, it should check for access logs. If mysql, it should check mysql logs and tell me what happens. It this is because some user decodes a lot of images, I'd like to know which command is executed, when and user name. The same for disk usage, memory, number of processes, threads and so on. Ideally, this software should periodically checks the system and report problems: errors in PHP error log, outdated packages, security vulnerabilities. In other word I'm looking a software that will keep my simple Debian/Apache/PHP/MySQL server without forcing me to monitor the charts every day. I hope that such program exists. Thanks, Alex

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• IIS virtual location path

  - by Worp

  Sorry in advance, for this seems to be a very noobish question and should be easily fixable, yet I can't work it out: I am setting up windows authentication for a website running on IIS 8.5: The Yii framework of the website takes input like http://localhost/mywebsite/index.php/site/loginand processes it, using the "login" action of the "site" Controller. I flipped on URL Rewrite to have nicer URLs, leaving the URL with /mywebsite/site/login. Now I need to set up windows authentication for this location. Very specifically ONLY for this very exact location. Only the /site/login location of mywebsite needs to have authentication. Every other location needs to have anonymous. Since it is a "virtual location", I don't know how to do it. I can set up win-auth for files, directories, virtual directories, etc. but not for virtual locations that do not map to any file but only to a Controller/Action in Yii. The working counterpart in Apache is but i can't "translate this into IIS". I have read that IIS does have the "~" symbol but I just couldn't make it work yet. Could it be used to achieve authentication on a location basis? I have looked around virtual directories as well, which seem to simply be a kind of "symlink" to actual folders on the harddrive. Can they be used differently to "create a virtual folder in a location that doesn't really exist to manage its properties"? Help is much appreciated.

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• task blocked for more than

  - by Manuel Sopena Ballesteros

  I have a webserver with the configuration below: VMWare ESXi environemt CPanel installed CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 4 CPUs 2G RAM 2x VM disks 100G each LVM system My issue is I am getting kernel panic quite frequently. These is a list of some processes blocked I could see from the console: mysqld queueprocd httpd suphp vmtoolsd loop0 auditd this is my sar logs Linux 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 (test01) 08/22/2014 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) 12:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 12:10:01 AM all 26.86 0.01 0.98 0.57 0.00 71.57 12:20:01 AM all 1.78 0.02 1.03 0.08 0.00 97.09 12:30:01 AM all 26.34 0.02 0.85 0.05 0.00 72.74 12:40:01 AM all 27.12 0.01 1.11 1.22 0.00 70.54 12:50:01 AM all 1.59 0.02 0.94 0.13 0.00 97.32 01:00:01 AM all 26.10 0.01 0.77 0.04 0.00 73.07 01:10:01 AM all 27.51 0.01 1.16 0.14 0.00 71.18 01:20:01 AM all 1.80 0.07 1.06 0.08 0.00 96.99 01:30:01 AM all 26.19 0.01 0.78 0.05 0.00 72.96 01:40:01 AM all 26.62 0.02 0.87 0.05 0.00 72.45 01:50:02 AM all 1.35 0.01 0.87 0.02 0.00 97.75 02:00:01 AM all 26.11 0.02 0.69 0.02 0.00 73.17 02:10:01 AM all 26.73 0.02 0.89 0.14 0.00 72.21 02:20:01 AM all 1.45 0.01 0.92 0.04 0.00 97.58 02:30:01 AM all 26.59 0.01 1.06 0.03 0.00 72.31 02:40:01 AM all 26.27 0.01 0.72 0.05 0.00 72.95 02:50:01 AM all 0.86 0.01 0.50 0.09 0.00 98.53 03:00:01 AM all 25.61 0.02 0.39 0.03 0.00 73.96 03:10:01 AM all 26.30 0.08 0.66 0.14 0.00 72.82 03:20:01 AM all 0.81 0.01 0.51 0.04 0.00 98.63 03:30:02 AM all 26.15 0.02 0.53 0.07 0.00 73.24 03:40:01 AM all 26.06 0.01 0.47 0.04 0.00 73.42 03:50:01 AM all 0.96 0.02 0.51 0.03 0.00 98.48 Average: all 17.69 0.02 0.79 0.14 0.00 81.36 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 07:10:01 AM all 1.04 0.02 0.57 0.95 0.00 97.42 07:20:02 AM all 0.66 0.01 0.39 0.06 0.00 98.87 07:30:01 AM all 25.71 0.01 0.45 0.16 0.00 73.67 07:40:01 AM all 25.88 0.01 0.35 0.08 0.00 73.68 As you can see the server became unresponsive at 03.50 AM and I had to reset the VM at 06.58 AM to fix it. dmesg does not show any relevant information. I don't see any bottleneck in sar, any idea what can I check next? thank you very much

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• In APC+PHP, how much RAM is too much? Is it okay to set apc.shm_size to many GB?

  - by Jeremy Clarke

  On our server we have a LOT of RAM for our traffic levels (16GB). The HTTP processes regularly eat up all CPU and need to be restarted without even getting close to using swap memory, so I'm looking for ways to spend RAM to ease the load on Apache (and/or help the seperate MySQL server which may be breaking Apache). I have many WordPress installs on the HTTPD instance so APC sometimes uses as much as 900MB of ram (according to the apc.php charts). Just in case I have apc.shm_size set to 1600MB which is more than it needs but not more than I can spare. This means there is usually lots of extra RAM available to APC but also very little turnover and fragmentation is never more than 1%. Is this dangerous? Should I be slimming down APC to less than 1GB just on principle? Should I be expecting some turnover within APC in the name of bringing it's overall footprint down? Having so much memory devoted to APC means that in top/htop every single httpd process shows ~1.9GB in the VIRT memory column. Obviously this is shared memory and not used per-process, but could it be hurting our server? NOTE: The problem with the server remains unclear but the effect is that about 60 times a day all 8 CPU's fill up to 100% and everything stops working until Monit sees that Apache is broken and restarts it (Monin also saves the MySQL server). I'm not sure if APC is even part of the problem but I'm trying to optimize everything just in case.

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• Apache config: Permissions, Directories and Locations

  - by James Murphy

  I'm trying to get my head around apache configuration to fix a problem I'm having but after a few hours I've decided to ask here. This is what I've got at the moment: DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" <Directory /> Options None AllowOverride None Deny from all </Directory> <Directory /var/svn> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /opt/hg> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Allow from all </Directory> <Location /hg> AuthType Digest AuthName "Engage HG" AuthDigestProvider file AuthUserFile /opt/hg/hgweb.users Require valid-user </Location> WSGISocketPrefix /var/run/wsgi WSGIDaemonProcess hg processes=3 threads=15 WSGIProcessGroup hg WSGIScriptAlias /hg "/opt/hg/hgweb.wsgi" <Location /svn> DAV svn SVNPath /var/svn/repos AuthType Basic AuthName "Subversion" AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/users require valid-user </Location> I'm trying to get my head around how it's all laid out and how directories relate to locations/etc For /hg I get asked for a password but to /svn I get a 403 forbidden... the error I get is: [client 10.80.10.169] client denied by server configuration: /var/www/html/svn When I remove the entry it works fine.. I can't figure out how to get it linking to the /var/svn directory

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• Preserve embedded album art when converting from .flac to .ogg

  - by Profpatsch

  I want to convert my archived .flac library to .ogg for daily use. Using find ./ -iname '*.flac' -print0 | xargs -0 -n1 oggenc -q6 on the root music folder and then deleting every .flac (having copies of them in archive) seems straight forward, after trying it with one file it worked and all of the tags were transfered, too, except for one: Embedded album art! I always prefer emedded covers over folder images, since I have some albums with varying covers. One possible solution is discussed here, but the script only works if the image is already extracted: Embed album art in OGG through command line in linux One possible solution I thought about was extracting album art from every song (not every song has one, though, and some even 2 or 3!), temporarily saving it and then using the script to include it into the finished .ogg. But then I want to increase the number of processes xargs runs simultaniously to save time, so the temp images need to have a distinct name. Is there a (linux) program that knows how to handle this? Or is there a finished script floating around somewhere? It would be nice if oggenc supported adding embedded coverart and it really is a shame, since these two formats should (in theory) share the same tag format. Edit: 15 days and noone even tries to answer. It’s funny, most of my questions don’t get answered. Too hard? Wrong SE site?

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• Windows 7 hangs with 100% disk activity but only when online

  - by jeremy

  I have the same problem as seemingly many other people here, and I think we might all be experiencing the same issue: a compatibility issue in Windows 7 between hard drive and network controller or drivers. I've tried firmware updates of my entire board, wiping my drive and reinstalling from scratch. And yet the problem persists, which suggests it is an operating system error, as the hard drive checks out 100% physically. Additionally, the only time it does not occur is when in safe mode WITHOUT networking. With networking, there are spikes in disc access every so often and a huge flow of processes accessing the disc simultaneously that literally "stick" the disc, and physically jolting my computer unsticks it. Again, this has been tested for hours in a professional service environment, and without network access on, things are fine. As soon as there's network access available, the disc access occasionally cranks up to 100% and sticks everything. I'm using Microsoft Security Essentials, but this also happened under Norton, then McAfee. Again, this happened again after a complete wipe, so the likelihood of malware causing it seems low. I don't visit unsecure sites anyway, as far as I know. This, to me, narrows it down to a Windows 7 process that is somehow repeatedly corrupted, perhaps a corrupt .dll or driver, causing a conflict at the operating system level and temporary hard drive failure. I would encourage anyone who knows more about this stuff (which is probably most people!) to take a shot at this one, and I would encourage anyone else with a sticking hard drive in windows 7 64-bit to check on whether it occurs during safe mode without networking.

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• 404 not found error for virtual host

  - by qubit

  Hello, In my /etc/apache2/sites-enabled, i have a file site2.com.conf, which defines a virtual host as follows : <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin hostmaster@wharfage ServerName site2.com ServerAlias www.site2.com site2.com DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php DocumentRoot /var/www LogLevel debug ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/site2_error.log CustomLog /var/log/apache2/site2_access.log combined ServerSignature Off <Location /> Options -Indexes </Location> Alias /favicon.ico /srv/site2/static/favicon.ico Alias /static /srv/site2/static # Alias /media /usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/media Alias /admin/media /var/lib/python-support/python2.5/django/contrib/admin/media WSGIScriptAlias / /srv/site2/wsgi/django.wsgi WSGIDaemonProcess site2 user=samj group=samj processes=1 threads=10 WSGIProcessGroup site2 </VirtualHost> I do the following to enable the site : 1) In /etc/apache2/sites-enabled, i run the command a2ensite site2.com.conf 2) I then get a message site successfully enabled, and then i run the command /etc/init.d/apache2 reload. But, if i navigate to www.site2.com, i get 404 not found. I do have an index.html in /var/www (permissions:777 and ownership www-data:www-data), and i have also verified that a symlink was created for site2.com.conf in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled. Any way to fix this ? Thank you.

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• How to connect to DB2 when the password ends with '!' in Windows

  - by AngocA

  I am facing a problem to use the DB2 tools when using generic account with a generated password which ends with the Bang sign '!' to connect to DB2 database. I am not allowed to change the password because it is already used by other processes. I know the user is valid and I can connect to the database with its credentials, but not from all db2 tools. When using the Control Center it is okay. When using the Command Editor (GUI) or the Command Windows, I got this error message: connect to WAREHOUS user administrator using ! SQL0104N An unexpected token "!" was found following "<identifier>". Expected tokens may include: "NEW". SQLSTATE=42601 Let's say that my password is: pass@! I am trying to use c:\>db2 connect to sample user administrator using "pass@!" or c:\>db2 connect to sample user administrator using pass@! And it both cases I got the same error message. I could change the way I connect but it is not useful for me, for example: c:\>db2 connect to sample user administrator Enter current password for administrator: But I cannot use it from a batch file easily. I would like to know how can I connect from the Command Editor, in order to use this user from the Graphical Tools. BTW, I know that the Control Center is deprecated.

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• All of the NTFS hard links damaged, where are hardlinks stored and how to recover them?

  - by String Xu

  This is Windows 7 x64 sp1 on a NTFS file system. All hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder disappear, and the Windows can't boot, because even the osloader, C:\Windows\System32\boot\Winload.exe also disappeared. Nevertheless, the original files are still located in the corresponding C:\Windows\winsxs folders. After booting into the Recovery Environment, and copied one Winload.exe (x64) from other folder, Windows gave an error pointing out that "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing...its file digital signature cannot be verified" In trying to boot in Safe Mode, the message above was shown after a screen prompting "Loaded \Windows\system32\config\system" Because at this early booting stage, smss.exe was still not loaded, so there is not any dumping and logs. Based on my study, ntoskrnl.exe depends on the following files: C:\windows\system32\PSHED.DLL C:\Windows\System32\hal.dll C:\Windows\System32\kdcom.dll C:\Windows\System32\clfs.sys C:\Windows\System32\ci.dll All those files above are copied from their corresponding folders and verified their md5 with a well-operating Windows 7 x64 SP1. But the booting error is still the same: "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing..." Background: 1. Before the reboot, there was an windows update going on. Then something unknown happen, almost all processes were broken to run, including the windows task manager, taskmgr.exe. After mount the hard disk to other computer, it seems that all hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder were gone. I tried several data recovery software, but they are not be able to find those disappeared NTFS hard links. So the question is: Where are information about those hard links stored? And how to recover them? Are they depend on some windows service or stored in the registry?

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• Is it okay to use an administrator account for everyday use if UAC is on?

  - by Valentin Radu

  Since I switched to Windows 7 about 3 years ago, and now using Windows 8.1, I have become familiar with the concept of User Account Control and used my PC the following way: a standard account which I use for every day work and the built-in Administrator account activated and used only to elevate processes when they request so, or to ”Run as administrator” applications when I need to. However, recently after reading more about User Account Control, I started wondering if my way of working is good? Or should I use an administrator account for every day work, since an administrator account is not elevated until requested by apps, or until I request so via the ”Run as administrator” option? I am asking this because I read somewhere that the built-in Administrator account is a true administrator, by which I mean UAC doesn't pop up when logged in within it, and I am scared of not having problems when potential malicious software come into scene. I have to mention that I do not use it on a daily basis, just when I need to elevate some apps. I barely log in into it 10 times a year... So, how's better? Thanks for your answers! And Happy New Year, of course! P.S. I asked this a year ago (:P) and I think I should reiterate it: is an administrator account as safe these days as a standard account coupled with the built-in Administrator account when needed?

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• NFS-shared file-system is locking up

  - by fredden

  Our NFS-shared file-system is locking up. Please feel free to ask any questions you feel relevant. :) At the time, there are a lot of processes in "disk sleep" state, and the load averages on our machines sky-rocket. The machines are responsive on SSH, but our the majority of our websites (apache+mod_php) just hang, as does our email system (exim+dovecot). Any websites which don't require write access to the file-system continue to operate. The load averages continue to rise until some kind of time-out is reached, but for at least 10-15 minutes. I've seen load averages over 800, yet the machines are still responsive for actions which don't require writing to the shared file-system. I've been investigating a variety of options, which have all turned out to be red-herrings: nagios, proftpd, bind, cron tasks. I'm seeing these messages in the file server's system log: Jul 30 09:37:17 fs0 kernel: [1810036.560046] statd: server localhost not responding, timed out Jul 30 09:37:17 fs0 kernel: [1810036.560053] nsm_mon_unmon: rpc failed, status=-5 Jul 30 09:37:17 fs0 kernel: [1810036.560064] lockd: cannot monitor node2 Jul 30 09:38:22 fs0 kernel: [1810101.384027] statd: server localhost not responding, timed out Jul 30 09:38:22 fs0 kernel: [1810101.384033] nsm_mon_unmon: rpc failed, status=-5 Jul 30 09:38:22 fs0 kernel: [1810101.384044] lockd: cannot monitor node0 Software involved: VMWare, Debian lenny (64bit), ancient Red Hat (32 bit) (version 7 I believe), Debian etch (32bit) NFS, apache2+mod_php, exim, dovecot, bind, amanda, proftpd, nagios, cacti, drbd, heartbeat, keepalived, LVS, cron, ssmtp, NIS, svn, puppet, memcache, mysql, postgres Joomla!, Magento, Typo3, Midgard, Symfony, custom php apps

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• SSD for swap on Ubuntu server

  - by grs

  Currently I am reading SSD reviews and I wonder how much exactly I will benefit if I move the 24 GB swap from 7200rpm HDD to SSD. Does anyone implemented swap space on SSD? Is this generally good idea? On a side note: I read that ext4 has much better performance if the journal is on SSD. Anyone with such a setup? Thanks! Edit: Here I will answer the questions posted: Occasionally, relatively rare I am hitting the swap. I know what the swap is for and that is better to get more RAM. When the server begins to swap its performance degrades (not a surprise). The idea is if I have few memory hungry processes running, to improve the overall system performance at that time, using SSD for swap, instead of slower rotational media. At the end - I want to be able to login faster and check the server state during swapping, instead of waiting on the login prompt. And of what I see SSD is cheaper per GB than RAM. Would I have better server performance during swapping (as rare it is) using SSD compared to HDD? Where 10k or 15k rpm HDDs would rate in this scenario? Thank you all for your quick and prompt answers!

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• VPS Memory Exchausted Even With Light Settings

  - by user101570

  Linux noob here. I have a 256MB VPS on Ubuntu 11.04 server and when I run "free -m" the result shows all memory being used (including the second line re: buffers/cache). I found this very strange, considering I only have 5 Apache processes running each chewing up about 20MB each. MYSQL is taking up 30MB. To my knowledge, and according to "top", I have no other memory hogs operating. Settings that may be relevant: PHP memory_limit = 32M MYSQL key_buffer = 16M Prefork MPM Maxclients = 10 So when I reviewed these settings, I naturally thought maxclients was too high, so I tried switching it to 5. Now not only does my memory still show as being 100% used, my website loads much, much slower, despite not getting any traffic aside from mine at the moment. I don't understand this. I thought a single Apache process handles all requests from a client received within the "KeepAliveTimeout" window, which I've set to 2 seconds. With my initial config. of 10 maxclients, my page load times are around .3ms, so a single process should handle that no problem, correct? So next I went to an extreme level of 1 for maxclients. My memory is still at 100% usage and my site loads painfully slow. I'm a noob at a complete loss here. According to the many tutorials I've read on basic server setup, I should be good to go. Help! Please! Edit: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 256 256 0 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 256 0 Swap: 0 0 0

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• rpmbuild gives seg fault

  - by Deepti Jain

  I am trying to build an rpm using the rpmbuild tool. I have source code which build binaries around 30 GB. This software for which I am making the rpm has dozens of executables. When I copy only the binaries of a single executable (Eg. init) my rpm builds successfully. But when I dump the entire build to the rpm, rpmbuild does everything but gives a seg fault in the end. Here is my spec file: # This is a sample spec file for wget %define _topdir /root/mywget %define name source %define release 1 %define version 1.12 %define _builddir /root/mywget/BUILD/glenlivet %define _buildrootdir /root/mywget/BUILDROOT %define _buildroot /root/mywget/BUILDROOT %define _sourcedir /root/mywget/SOURCES BuildRoot: %{_buildroot} Summary: GNU source License: GPL Name: %{name} Version: %{version} Release: %{release} Source: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz Prefix: /usr Group: Development/Tools %description The GNU sample program downloads files from the Internet using the command-line. %prep %setup -q -n glenlivet %build cd %{_builddir} make all %install rm -rf %{_buildrootdir} mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/bin cp -p -r %{_builddir}/build/obj-x64/* %{_buildrootdir}/bin/ %files %defattr(-,root,root) /bin/* If I only copy some of the binaries (let say one utility and its dependent binaries) it works fine. But when I try to copy the entire build, I get a seg fault. I get the seg fault after rpmbuild has executed these sections: %prep %build %install rpmbuild also processes my source file. Processing files: source-1.12-1 Finding Provides: Finding Requires: Finding Supplements: Provides:...... Requires:...... Checking for unpackaged file(s):/ usr/lib/rpm/check-files /root/mywget/BUILDROOT Checking for unpackaged file(s):/ usr/lib/rpm/check-files /root/mywget/BUILDROOT Segmentation fault Any clue what wrong is going on or where does rpmbuild fails? Thanks in advance

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