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  • Advantage Database Server: slow stored procedure performance.

    - by ie
    I have a question about a performance of stored procedures in the ADS. I created a simple database with the following structure: CREATE TABLE MainTable ( Id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, Name VARCHAR(50), Value INTEGER ); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX MainTableName_UIX ON MainTable ( Name ); CREATE TABLE SubTable ( Id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, MainId INTEGER, Name VARCHAR(50), Value INTEGER ); CREATE INDEX SubTableMainId_UIX ON SubTable ( MainId ); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX SubTableName_UIX ON SubTable ( Name ); CREATE PROCEDURE CreateItems ( MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ), SubName VARCHAR ( 20 ), MainValue INTEGER, SubValue INTEGER, MainId INTEGER OUTPUT, SubId INTEGER OUTPUT ) BEGIN DECLARE @MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ); DECLARE @SubName VARCHAR ( 20 ); DECLARE @MainValue INTEGER; DECLARE @SubValue INTEGER; DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; DECLARE @SubId INTEGER; @MainName = (SELECT MainName FROM __input); @SubName = (SELECT SubName FROM __input); @MainValue = (SELECT MainValue FROM __input); @SubValue = (SELECT SubValue FROM __input); @MainId = (SELECT MAX(Id)+1 FROM MainTable); @SubId = (SELECT MAX(Id)+1 FROM SubTable ); INSERT INTO MainTable (Id, Name, Value) VALUES (@MainId, @MainName, @MainValue); INSERT INTO SubTable (Id, Name, MainId, Value) VALUES (@SubId, @SubName, @MainId, @SubValue); INSERT INTO __output SELECT @MainId, @SubId FROM system.iota; END; CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateItems ( MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ), MainValue INTEGER, SubValue INTEGER ) BEGIN DECLARE @MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ); DECLARE @MainValue INTEGER; DECLARE @SubValue INTEGER; DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; @MainName = (SELECT MainName FROM __input); @MainValue = (SELECT MainValue FROM __input); @SubValue = (SELECT SubValue FROM __input); @MainId = (SELECT TOP 1 Id FROM MainTable WHERE Name = @MainName); UPDATE MainTable SET Value = @MainValue WHERE Id = @MainId; UPDATE SubTable SET Value = @SubValue WHERE MainId = @MainId; END; CREATE PROCEDURE SelectItems ( MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ), CalculatedValue INTEGER OUTPUT ) BEGIN DECLARE @MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ); @MainName = (SELECT MainName FROM __input); INSERT INTO __output SELECT m.Value * s.Value FROM MainTable m INNER JOIN SubTable s ON m.Id = s.MainId WHERE m.Name = @MainName; END; CREATE PROCEDURE DeleteItems ( MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ) ) BEGIN DECLARE @MainName VARCHAR ( 20 ); DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; @MainName = (SELECT MainName FROM __input); @MainId = (SELECT TOP 1 Id FROM MainTable WHERE Name = @MainName); DELETE FROM SubTable WHERE MainId = @MainId; DELETE FROM MainTable WHERE Id = @MainId; END; Actually, the problem I had - even so light stored procedures work very-very slow (about 50-150 ms) relatively to plain queries (0-5ms). To test the performance, I created a simple test (in F# using ADS ADO.NET provider): open System; open System.Data; open System.Diagnostics; open Advantage.Data.Provider; let mainName = "main name #"; let subName = "sub name #"; // INSERT let cmdTextScriptInsert = " DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; DECLARE @SubId INTEGER; @MainId = (SELECT MAX(Id)+1 FROM MainTable); @SubId = (SELECT MAX(Id)+1 FROM SubTable ); INSERT INTO MainTable (Id, Name, Value) VALUES (@MainId, :MainName, :MainValue); INSERT INTO SubTable (Id, Name, MainId, Value) VALUES (@SubId, :SubName, @MainId, :SubValue); SELECT @MainId, @SubId FROM system.iota;"; let cmdTextProcedureInsert = "CreateItems"; // UPDATE let cmdTextScriptUpdate = " DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; @MainId = (SELECT TOP 1 Id FROM MainTable WHERE Name = :MainName); UPDATE MainTable SET Value = :MainValue WHERE Id = @MainId; UPDATE SubTable SET Value = :SubValue WHERE MainId = @MainId;"; let cmdTextProcedureUpdate = "UpdateItems"; // SELECT let cmdTextScriptSelect = " SELECT m.Value * s.Value FROM MainTable m INNER JOIN SubTable s ON m.Id = s.MainId WHERE m.Name = :MainName;"; let cmdTextProcedureSelect = "SelectItems"; // DELETE let cmdTextScriptDelete = " DECLARE @MainId INTEGER; @MainId = (SELECT TOP 1 Id FROM MainTable WHERE Name = :MainName); DELETE FROM SubTable WHERE MainId = @MainId; DELETE FROM MainTable WHERE Id = @MainId;"; let cmdTextProcedureDelete = "DeleteItems"; let cnnStr = @"data source=D:\DB\test.add; ServerType=local; user id=adssys; password=***;"; let cnn = new AdsConnection(cnnStr); try cnn.Open(); let cmd = cnn.CreateCommand(); let parametrize ix prms = cmd.Parameters.Clear(); let addParam = function | "MainName" -> cmd.Parameters.Add(":MainName" , mainName + ix.ToString()) |> ignore; | "SubName" -> cmd.Parameters.Add(":SubName" , subName + ix.ToString() ) |> ignore; | "MainValue" -> cmd.Parameters.Add(":MainValue", ix * 3 ) |> ignore; | "SubValue" -> cmd.Parameters.Add(":SubValue" , ix * 7 ) |> ignore; | _ -> () prms |> List.iter addParam; let runTest testData = let (cmdType, cmdName, cmdText, cmdParams) = testData; let toPrefix cmdType cmdName = let prefix = match cmdType with | CommandType.StoredProcedure -> "Procedure-" | CommandType.Text -> "Script -" | _ -> "Unknown -" in prefix + cmdName; let stopWatch = new Stopwatch(); let runStep ix prms = parametrize ix prms; stopWatch.Start(); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() |> ignore; stopWatch.Stop(); cmd.CommandText <- cmdText; cmd.CommandType <- cmdType; let startId = 1500; let count = 10; for id in startId .. startId+count do runStep id cmdParams; let elapsed = stopWatch.Elapsed; Console.WriteLine("Test '{0}' - total: {1}; per call: {2}ms", toPrefix cmdType cmdName, elapsed, Convert.ToInt32(elapsed.TotalMilliseconds)/count); let lst = [ (CommandType.Text, "Insert", cmdTextScriptInsert, ["MainName"; "SubName"; "MainValue"; "SubValue"]); (CommandType.Text, "Update", cmdTextScriptUpdate, ["MainName"; "MainValue"; "SubValue"]); (CommandType.Text, "Select", cmdTextScriptSelect, ["MainName"]); (CommandType.Text, "Delete", cmdTextScriptDelete, ["MainName"]) (CommandType.StoredProcedure, "Insert", cmdTextProcedureInsert, ["MainName"; "SubName"; "MainValue"; "SubValue"]); (CommandType.StoredProcedure, "Update", cmdTextProcedureUpdate, ["MainName"; "MainValue"; "SubValue"]); (CommandType.StoredProcedure, "Select", cmdTextProcedureSelect, ["MainName"]); (CommandType.StoredProcedure, "Delete", cmdTextProcedureDelete, ["MainName"])]; lst |> List.iter runTest; finally cnn.Close(); And I'm getting the following results: Test 'Script -Insert' - total: 00:00:00.0292841; per call: 2ms Test 'Script -Update' - total: 00:00:00.0056296; per call: 0ms Test 'Script -Select' - total: 00:00:00.0051738; per call: 0ms Test 'Script -Delete' - total: 00:00:00.0059258; per call: 0ms Test 'Procedure-Insert' - total: 00:00:01.2567146; per call: 125ms Test 'Procedure-Update' - total: 00:00:00.7442440; per call: 74ms Test 'Procedure-Select' - total: 00:00:00.5120446; per call: 51ms Test 'Procedure-Delete' - total: 00:00:01.0619165; per call: 106ms The situation with the remote server is much better, but still a great gap between plaqin queries and stored procedures: Test 'Script -Insert' - total: 00:00:00.0709299; per call: 7ms Test 'Script -Update' - total: 00:00:00.0161777; per call: 1ms Test 'Script -Select' - total: 00:00:00.0258113; per call: 2ms Test 'Script -Delete' - total: 00:00:00.0166242; per call: 1ms Test 'Procedure-Insert' - total: 00:00:00.5116138; per call: 51ms Test 'Procedure-Update' - total: 00:00:00.3802251; per call: 38ms Test 'Procedure-Select' - total: 00:00:00.1241245; per call: 12ms Test 'Procedure-Delete' - total: 00:00:00.4336334; per call: 43ms Is it any chance to improve the SP performance? Please advice. ADO.NET driver version - 9.10.2.9 Server version - 9.10.0.9 (ANSI - GERMAN, OEM - GERMAN) Thanks!

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  • C++ custom exceptions: run time performance and passing exceptions from C++ to C

    - by skyeagle
    I am writing a custom C++ exception class (so I can pass exceptions occuring in C++ to another language via a C API). My initial plan of attack was to proceed as follows: //C++ myClass { public: myClass(); ~myClass(); void foo() // throws myException int foo(const int i, const bool b) // throws myException } * myClassPtr; // C API #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif myClassPtr MyClass_New(); void MyClass_Destroy(myClassPtr p); void MyClass_Foo(myClassPtr p); int MyClass_FooBar(myClassPtr p, int i, bool b); #ifdef __cplusplus }; #endif I need a way to be able to pass exceptions thrown in the C++ code to the C side. The information I want to pass to the C side is the following: (a). What (b). Where (c). Simple Stack Trace (just the sequence of error messages in order they occured, no debugging info etc) I want to modify my C API, so that the API functions take a pointer to a struct ExceptionInfo, which will contain any exception info (if an exception occured) before consuming the results of the invocation. This raises two questions: Question 1 1. Implementation of each of the C++ methods exposed in the C API needs to be enclosed in a try/catch statement. The performance implications for this seem quite serious (according to this article): "It is a mistake (with high runtime cost) to use C++ exception handling for events that occur frequently, or for events that are handled near the point of detection." At the same time, I remember reading somewhere in my C++ days, that all though exception handling is expensive, it only becmes expensive when an exception actually occurs. So, which is correct?. what to do?. Is there an alternative way that I can trap errors safely and pass the resulting error info to the C API?. Or is this a minor consideration (the article after all, is quite old, and hardware have improved a bit since then). Question 2 I wuld like to modify the exception class given in that article, so that it contains a simple stack trace, and I need some help doing that. Again, in order to make the exception class 'lightweight', I think its a good idea not to include any STL classes, like string or vector (good idea/bad idea?). Which potentially leaves me with a fixed length C string (char*) which will be stack allocated. So I can maybe just keep appending messages (delimted by a unique separator [up to maximum length of buffer])... Its been a while since I did any serious C++ coding, and I will be grateful for the help. BTW, this is what I have come up with so far (I am intentionally, not deriving from std::exception because of the performance reasons mentioned in the article, and I am instead, throwing an integral exception (based on an exception enumeration): class fast_exception { public: fast_exception(int what, char const* file=0, int line=0) : what_(what), line_(line), file_(file) {/*empty*/} int what() const { return what_; } int line() const { return line_; } char const* file() const { return file_; } private: int what_; int line_; char const[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE] file_; }

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  • push_back of STL list got bad performance?

    - by Leon Zhang
    I wrote a simple program to test STL list performance against a simple C list-like data structure. It shows bad performance at "push_back()" line. Any comments on it? $ ./test2 Build the type list : time consumed -> 0.311465 Iterate over all items: time consumed -> 0.00898 Build the simple C List: time consumed -> 0.020275 Iterate over all items: time consumed -> 0.008755 The source code is: #include <stdexcept> #include "high_resolution_timer.hpp" #include <list> #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> #define TESTNUM 1000000 /* The test struct */ struct MyType { int num; }; /* * C++ STL::list Test */ typedef struct MyType* mytype_t; void myfunction(mytype_t t) { } int test_stl_list() { std::list<mytype_t> mylist; util::high_resolution_timer t; /* * Build the type list */ t.restart(); for(int i = 0; i < TESTNUM; i++) { mytype_t aItem = (mytype_t) malloc(sizeof(struct MyType)); if(aItem == NULL) { printf("Error: while malloc\n"); return -1; } aItem->num = i; mylist.push_back(aItem); } std::cout << " Build the type list : time consumed -> " << t.elapsed() << std::endl; /* * Iterate over all item */ t.restart(); std::for_each(mylist.begin(), mylist.end(), myfunction); std::cout << " Iterate over all items: time consumed -> " << t.elapsed() << std::endl; return 0; } /* * a simple C list */ struct MyCList; struct MyCList{ struct MyType m; struct MyCList* p_next; }; int test_simple_c_list() { struct MyCList* p_list_head = NULL; util::high_resolution_timer t; /* * Build it */ t.restart(); struct MyCList* p_new_item = NULL; for(int i = 0; i < TESTNUM; i++) { p_new_item = (struct MyCList*) malloc(sizeof(struct MyCList)); if(p_new_item == NULL) { printf("ERROR : while malloc\n"); return -1; } p_new_item->m.num = i; p_new_item->p_next = p_list_head; p_list_head = p_new_item; } std::cout << " Build the simple C List: time consumed -> " << t.elapsed() << std::endl; /* * Iterate all items */ t.restart(); p_new_item = p_list_head; while(p_new_item->p_next != NULL) { p_new_item = p_new_item->p_next; } std::cout << " Iterate over all items: time consumed -> " << t.elapsed() << std::endl; return 0; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { if(test_stl_list() != 0) { printf("ERROR: error at testcase1\n"); return -1; } if(test_simple_c_list() != 0) { printf("ERROR: error at testcase2\n"); return -1; } return 0; }

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  • Linq2SQL vs NHibernate performance (have I gone mad?)

    - by HeavyWave
    I have written the following tests to compare performance of Linq2SQL and NHibernate and I find results to be somewhat strange. Mappings are straight forward and identical for both. Both are running against a live DB. Although I'm not deleting Campaigns in case of Linq, but that shouldn't affect performance by more than 10 ms. Linq: [Test] public void Test1000ReadsWritesToAgentStateLinqPrecompiled() { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); Stopwatch swIn = new Stopwatch(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { swIn.Reset(); swIn.Start(); ReadWriteAndDeleteAgentStateWithLinqPrecompiled(); swIn.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("Run ReadWriteAndDeleteAgentState: " + swIn.ElapsedMilliseconds + " ms"); } sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("Total Time: " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds + " ms"); Console.WriteLine("Average time to execute queries: " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds / 1000 + " ms"); } private static readonly Func<AgentDesktop3DataContext, int, EntityModel.CampaignDetail> GetCampaignById = CompiledQuery.Compile<AgentDesktop3DataContext, int, EntityModel.CampaignDetail>( (ctx, sessionId) => (from cd in ctx.CampaignDetails join a in ctx.AgentCampaigns on cd.CampaignDetailId equals a.CampaignDetailId where a.AgentStateId == sessionId select cd).FirstOrDefault()); private void ReadWriteAndDeleteAgentStateWithLinqPrecompiled() { int id = 0; using (var ctx = new AgentDesktop3DataContext()) { EntityModel.AgentState agentState = new EntityModel.AgentState(); var campaign = new EntityModel.CampaignDetail { CampaignName = "Test" }; var campaignDisposition = new EntityModel.CampaignDisposition { Code = "123" }; campaignDisposition.Description = "abc"; campaign.CampaignDispositions.Add(campaignDisposition); agentState.CallState = 3; campaign.AgentCampaigns.Add(new AgentCampaign { AgentState = agentState }); ctx.CampaignDetails.InsertOnSubmit(campaign); ctx.AgentStates.InsertOnSubmit(agentState); ctx.SubmitChanges(); id = agentState.AgentStateId; } using (var ctx = new AgentDesktop3DataContext()) { var dbAgentState = ctx.GetAgentStateById(id); Assert.IsNotNull(dbAgentState); Assert.AreEqual(dbAgentState.CallState, 3); var campaignDetails = GetCampaignById(ctx, id); Assert.AreEqual(campaignDetails.CampaignDispositions[0].Description, "abc"); } using (var ctx = new AgentDesktop3DataContext()) { ctx.DeleteSessionById(id); } } NHibernate (the loop is the same): private void ReadWriteAndDeleteAgentState() { var id = WriteAgentState().Id; StartNewTransaction(); var dbAgentState = agentStateRepository.Get(id); Assert.IsNotNull(dbAgentState); Assert.AreEqual(dbAgentState.CallState, 3); Assert.AreEqual(dbAgentState.Campaigns[0].Dispositions[0].Description, "abc"); var campaignId = dbAgentState.Campaigns[0].Id; agentStateRepository.Delete(dbAgentState); NHibernateSession.Current.Transaction.Commit(); Cleanup(campaignId); NHibernateSession.Current.BeginTransaction(); } Results: NHibernate: Total Time: 9469 ms Average time to execute 13 queries: 9 ms Linq: Total Time: 127200 ms Average time to execute 13 queries: 127 ms Linq lost by 13.5 times! Event with precompiled queries (both read queries are precompiled). This can't be right, although I expected NHibernate to be faster, this is just too big of a difference, considering mappings are identical and NHibernate actually executes more queries against the DB.

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  • Running an existing LINQ query against a dynamic object (DataTable like)

    - by TomTom
    Hello, I am working on a generic OData provider to go against a custom data provider that we have here. Thsi is fully dynamic in that I query the data provider for the table it knows. I have a basic storage structure in place so far based on the OData sample code. My problem is: OData supports queries and expects me to hand in an IQueryable implementation. On the lowe rside, I dont have any query support. Not a joke - the provider returns tables and the WHERE clause is not supported. Performance is not an issue here - the tables are small. It is ok to sort them in the OData provider. My main problem is this. I submit a SQL statement to get out the data of a table. The result is some sort of ADO.NET data reader here. I need to expose an IQueryable implementation for this data to potentially allow later filtering. Any ide ahow to best touch that? .NET 3.5 only (no 4.0 planned for some time). I was seriously thinking of creating dynamic DTO classes for every table (emitting bytecode) so I can use standard LINQ. Right now I am using a dictionary per entry (not too efficient) but I see no real way to filter / sort based on them.

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  • UIButton performance in UITableViewCell vs UIView

    - by marcel salathe
    I'd like to add a UIButton to a custom UITableViewCell (programmatically). This is easy to do, but I'm finding that the "performance" of the button in the cell is slow - that is, when I touch the button, there is quite a bit of delay until the button visually goes into the highlighted state. The same type of button on a regular UIView is very responsive in comparison. In order to isolate the problem, I've created two views - one is a simple UIView, the other is a UITableView with only one UITableViewCell. I've added buttons to both views (the UIView and the UITableViewCell), and the performance difference is quite striking. I've searched the web and read the Apple docs but haven't really found the cause of the problem. My guess is that it somehow has to do with the responder chain, but I can't quite put my finger on it. I must be doing something wrong, and I'd appreciate any help. Thanks. Demo code: ViewController.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface ViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource> @property UITableView* myTableView; @property UIView* myView; ViewController.m #import "ViewController.h" #import "CustomCell.h" @implementation ViewController @synthesize myTableView, myView; - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil { self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; if (self) { [self initMyView]; [self initMyTableView]; } return self; } - (void) initMyView { UIView* newView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,0,[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds].size.width,100)]; self.myView = newView; // button on regularView UIButton* myButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect]; [myButton addTarget:self action:@selector(pressedMyButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [myButton setTitle:@"I'm fast" forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [myButton setFrame:CGRectMake(20.0, 10.0, 160.0, 30.0)]; [[self myView] addSubview:myButton]; } - (void) initMyTableView { UITableView *newTableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,100,[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds].size.width,[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds].size.height-100) style:UITableViewStyleGrouped]; self.myTableView = newTableView; self.myTableView.delegate = self; self.myTableView.dataSource = self; } -(void) pressedMyButton { NSLog(@"pressedMyButton"); } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; [[self view] addSubview:self.myView]; [[self view] addSubview:self.myTableView]; } - (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { return 1; } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { return 1; } - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { CustomCell *customCell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"CustomCell"]; if (customCell == nil) { customCell = [[CustomCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:@"CustomCell"]; } return customCell; } @end CustomCell.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface CustomCell : UITableViewCell @property (retain, nonatomic) UIButton* cellButton; @end CustomCell.m #import "CustomCell.h" @implementation CustomCell @synthesize cellButton; - (id)initWithStyle:(UITableViewCellStyle)style reuseIdentifier:(NSString *)reuseIdentifier { self = [super initWithStyle:style reuseIdentifier:reuseIdentifier]; if (self) { // button within cell cellButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect]; [cellButton addTarget:self action:@selector(pressedCellButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [cellButton setTitle:@"I'm sluggish" forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [cellButton setFrame:CGRectMake(20.0, 10.0, 160.0, 30.0)]; [self addSubview:cellButton]; } return self; } - (void) pressedCellButton { NSLog(@"pressedCellButton"); } @end

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  • What is the fastest cyclic synchronization in Java (ExecutorService vs. CyclicBarrier vs. X)?

    - by Alex Dunlop
    Which Java synchronization construct is likely to provide the best performance for a concurrent, iterative processing scenario with a fixed number of threads like the one outlined below? After experimenting on my own for a while (using ExecutorService and CyclicBarrier) and being somewhat surprised by the results, I would be grateful for some expert advice and maybe some new ideas. Existing questions here do not seem to focus primarily on performance, hence this new one. Thanks in advance! The core of the app is a simple iterative data processing algorithm, parallelized to the spread the computational load across 8 cores on a Mac Pro, running OS X 10.6 and Java 1.6.0_07. The data to be processed is split into 8 blocks and each block is fed to a Runnable to be executed by one of a fixed number of threads. Parallelizing the algorithm was fairly straightforward, and it functionally works as desired, but its performance is not yet what I think it could be. The app seems to spend a lot of time in system calls synchronizing, so after some profiling I wonder whether I selected the most appropriate synchronization mechanism(s). A key requirement of the algorithm is that it needs to proceed in stages, so the threads need to sync up at the end of each stage. The main thread prepares the work (very low overhead), passes it to the threads, lets them work on it, then proceeds when all threads are done, rearranges the work (again very low overhead) and repeats the cycle. The machine is dedicated to this task, Garbage Collection is minimized by using per-thread pools of pre-allocated items, and the number of threads can be fixed (no incoming requests or the like, just one thread per CPU core). V1 - ExecutorService My first implementation used an ExecutorService with 8 worker threads. The program creates 8 tasks holding the work and then lets them work on it, roughly like this: // create one thread per CPU executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool( 8 ); ... // now process data in cycles while( ...) { // package data into 8 work items ... // create one Callable task per work item ... // submit the Callables to the worker threads executorService.invokeAll( taskList ); } This works well functionally (it does what it should), and for very large work items indeed all 8 CPUs become highly loaded, as much as the processing algorithm would be expected to allow (some work items will finish faster than others, then idle). However, as the work items become smaller (and this is not really under the program's control), the user CPU load shrinks dramatically: blocksize | system | user | cycles/sec 256k 1.8% 85% 1.30 64k 2.5% 77% 5.6 16k 4% 64% 22.5 4096 8% 56% 86 1024 13% 38% 227 256 17% 19% 420 64 19% 17% 948 16 19% 13% 1626 Legend: - block size = size of the work item (= computational steps) - system = system load, as shown in OS X Activity Monitor (red bar) - user = user load, as shown in OS X Activity Monitor (green bar) - cycles/sec = iterations through the main while loop, more is better The primary area of concern here is the high percentage of time spent in the system, which appears to be driven by thread synchronization calls. As expected, for smaller work items, ExecutorService.invokeAll() will require relatively more effort to sync up the threads versus the amount of work being performed in each thread. But since ExecutorService is more generic than it would need to be for this use case (it can queue tasks for threads if there are more tasks than cores), I though maybe there would be a leaner synchronization construct. V2 - CyclicBarrier The next implementation used a CyclicBarrier to sync up the threads before receiving work and after completing it, roughly as follows: main() { // create the barrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier( 8 + 1 ); // create Runable for thread, tell it about the barrier Runnable task = new WorkerThreadRunnable( barrier ); // start the threads for( int i = 0; i < 8; i++ ) { // create one thread per core new Thread( task ).start(); } while( ... ) { // tell threads about the work ... // N threads + this will call await(), then system proceeds barrier.await(); // ... now worker threads work on the work... // wait for worker threads to finish barrier.await(); } } class WorkerThreadRunnable implements Runnable { CyclicBarrier barrier; WorkerThreadRunnable( CyclicBarrier barrier ) { this.barrier = barrier; } public void run() { while( true ) { // wait for work barrier.await(); // do the work ... // wait for everyone else to finish barrier.await(); } } } Again, this works well functionally (it does what it should), and for very large work items indeed all 8 CPUs become highly loaded, as before. However, as the work items become smaller, the load still shrinks dramatically: blocksize | system | user | cycles/sec 256k 1.9% 85% 1.30 64k 2.7% 78% 6.1 16k 5.5% 52% 25 4096 9% 29% 64 1024 11% 15% 117 256 12% 8% 169 64 12% 6.5% 285 16 12% 6% 377 For large work items, synchronization is negligible and the performance is identical to V1. But unexpectedly, the results of the (highly specialized) CyclicBarrier seem MUCH WORSE than those for the (generic) ExecutorService: throughput (cycles/sec) is only about 1/4th of V1. A preliminary conclusion would be that even though this seems to be the advertised ideal use case for CyclicBarrier, it performs much worse than the generic ExecutorService. V3 - Wait/Notify + CyclicBarrier It seemed worth a try to replace the first cyclic barrier await() with a simple wait/notify mechanism: main() { // create the barrier // create Runable for thread, tell it about the barrier // start the threads while( ... ) { // tell threads about the work // for each: workerThreadRunnable.setWorkItem( ... ); // ... now worker threads work on the work... // wait for worker threads to finish barrier.await(); } } class WorkerThreadRunnable implements Runnable { CyclicBarrier barrier; @NotNull volatile private Callable<Integer> workItem; WorkerThreadRunnable( CyclicBarrier barrier ) { this.barrier = barrier; this.workItem = NO_WORK; } final protected void setWorkItem( @NotNull final Callable<Integer> callable ) { synchronized( this ) { workItem = callable; notify(); } } public void run() { while( true ) { // wait for work while( true ) { synchronized( this ) { if( workItem != NO_WORK ) break; try { wait(); } catch( InterruptedException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // do the work ... // wait for everyone else to finish barrier.await(); } } } Again, this works well functionally (it does what it should). blocksize | system | user | cycles/sec 256k 1.9% 85% 1.30 64k 2.4% 80% 6.3 16k 4.6% 60% 30.1 4096 8.6% 41% 98.5 1024 12% 23% 202 256 14% 11.6% 299 64 14% 10.0% 518 16 14.8% 8.7% 679 The throughput for small work items is still much worse than that of the ExecutorService, but about 2x that of the CyclicBarrier. Eliminating one CyclicBarrier eliminates half of the gap. V4 - Busy wait instead of wait/notify Since this app is the primary one running on the system and the cores idle anyway if they're not busy with a work item, why not try a busy wait for work items in each thread, even if that spins the CPU needlessly. The worker thread code changes as follows: class WorkerThreadRunnable implements Runnable { // as before final protected void setWorkItem( @NotNull final Callable<Integer> callable ) { workItem = callable; } public void run() { while( true ) { // busy-wait for work while( true ) { if( workItem != NO_WORK ) break; } // do the work ... // wait for everyone else to finish barrier.await(); } } } Also works well functionally (it does what it should). blocksize | system | user | cycles/sec 256k 1.9% 85% 1.30 64k 2.2% 81% 6.3 16k 4.2% 62% 33 4096 7.5% 40% 107 1024 10.4% 23% 210 256 12.0% 12.0% 310 64 11.9% 10.2% 550 16 12.2% 8.6% 741 For small work items, this increases throughput by a further 10% over the CyclicBarrier + wait/notify variant, which is not insignificant. But it is still much lower-throughput than V1 with the ExecutorService. V5 - ? So what is the best synchronization mechanism for such a (presumably not uncommon) problem? I am weary of writing my own sync mechanism to completely replace ExecutorService (assuming that it is too generic and there has to be something that can still be taken out to make it more efficient). It is not my area of expertise and I'm concerned that I'd spend a lot of time debugging it (since I'm not even sure my wait/notify and busy wait variants are correct) for uncertain gain. Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

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  • maxItemsInObjectGraph ignored...

    - by Palantir
    Hi! I have a problem with a WCF service, which tries to serialize too much data. From the trace I get an error which says that the maximum number of elements that can be serialized or unserialized is '65536', try to increment the MaxItemsInObjectGraph quota. So I went and modified this value, but it is just ignored (the error is the same, with the same number). All this is server-side. I am calling the service via wget for the moment. My web config is like this: <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceBehavior"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="131072" /> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <bindings> <customBinding> <binding name="customBinding0" closeTimeout="00:02:00" openTimeout="00:02:00" receiveTimeout="00:02:00"> <binaryMessageEncoding> <readerQuotas maxDepth="64" maxStringContentLength="16384" maxArrayLength="16384" maxBytesPerRead="16384" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /> </binaryMessageEncoding> <httpTransport /> </binding> </customBinding> </bindings> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" /> <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceBehavior" name="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapService"> <endpoint address="" binding="customBinding" bindingConfiguration="customBinding0" contract="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> Version 2, not working either: <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceEndpointBehavior"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="131072" /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <bindings> <customBinding> <binding name="customBinding0" closeTimeout="00:02:00" openTimeout="00:02:00" receiveTimeout="00:02:00"> <binaryMessageEncoding> <readerQuotas maxDepth="64" maxStringContentLength="16384" maxArrayLength="16384" maxBytesPerRead="16384" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /> </binaryMessageEncoding> <httpTransport /> </binding> </customBinding> </bindings> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" /> <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceBehavior" name="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapService"> <endpoint address="" binding="customBinding" bindingConfiguration="customBinding0" contract="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapService" behaviorConfiguration="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceEndpointBehavior" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" behaviorConfiguration="AlgoMap.Web.MapService.MapServiceEndpointBehavior" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> Can anyone help?? Thanks!!

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  • How to expose MEX when I need the service to have NTLM authentication

    - by Ram Amos
    I'm developing a WCF service that is RESTful and SOAP, now both of them needs to be with NTLM authentication. I also want to expose a MEX endpoint so that others can easily reference the service and work with it. Now when I set IIS to require windows authentication I can use the REST service and make calls to the service succesfully, but when I want to reference the service with SVCUTIL it throws an error that it requires to be anonymous. Here's my web.config: <system.serviceModel> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true"/> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="basicHttpBinding" maxReceivedMessageSize="214748563" maxBufferSize="214748563" maxBufferPoolSize="214748563"> <security mode="TransportCredentialOnly"> <transport clientCredentialType="Ntlm"> </transport> </security> </binding> </basicHttpBinding> <webHttpBinding> <binding name="webHttpBinding" maxReceivedMessageSize="214748563" maxBufferSize="214748563" maxBufferPoolSize="214748563"> <security mode="TransportCredentialOnly"> <transport clientCredentialType="Ntlm"> </transport> </security> </binding> </webHttpBinding> <mexHttpBinding> <binding name="mexHttpBinding"></binding> </mexHttpBinding> </bindings> <standardEndpoints> <webHttpEndpoint> <standardEndpoint name="" automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true" helpEnabled="True"> </standardEndpoint> </webHttpEndpoint> </standardEndpoints> <services> <service name="Intel.ResourceScheduler.Service" behaviorConfiguration="Meta"> <clear /> <endpoint address="soap" name="SOAP" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="Intel.ResourceScheduler.Service.IResourceSchedulerService" listenUriMode="Explicit" /> <endpoint address="" name="rest" binding="webHttpBinding" behaviorConfiguration="REST" contract="Intel.ResourceScheduler.Service.IResourceSchedulerService" /> <endpoint address="mex" name="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" behaviorConfiguration="" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="REST"> <webHttp /> </behavior> <behavior name="WCFBehavior"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647" /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="Meta"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/> </behavior> <behavior name="REST"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647" /> </behavior> <behavior name="WCFBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647" /> </behavior> <behavior name=""> <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment --> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true. Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information --> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> Any help will be appreciated.

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  • Transport Security with Certificate Authentication

    - by Brian T
    I'm getting the following error when I access my webservice localhost/MyService/MyService.svc The SSL settings for the service 'SslRequireCert' does not match those of the IIS 'Ssl, SslNegotiateCert'. I've following the web.config examples as specified in http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms731074.aspx Here is my wcf server web.config: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/.NetConfiguration/v2.0"> <appSettings /> <system.web> <identity impersonate="false" /> <roleManager enabled="true" /> <authentication mode="Windows" /> <customErrors mode="Off" /> <webServices> <protocols> <add name="HttpGet" /> <add name="HttpPost" /> </protocols> </webServices> </system.web> <system.webServer> <directoryBrowse enabled="true" /> <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" /> <security> <authorization> <remove users="*" roles="" verbs="" /> <add accessType="Allow" users="*" roles="" /> </authorization> </security> </system.webServer> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="AspNetSqlProviderService" behaviorConfiguration="MyServiceBehavior"> <endpoint binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Interface1" bindingConfiguration="CertificateWithTransportWSHttpBinding" /> <endpoint binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Interface2" bindingConfiguration="CertificateWithTransportWSHttpBinding" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="CertificateWithTransportWSHttpBinding" name="Metadata_Exchange" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="MyServiceBehavior"> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="True" /> <serviceMetadata /> <serviceCredentials> <clientCertificate> <authentication trustedStoreLocation="LocalMachine" revocationMode="Online"/> </clientCertificate> </serviceCredentials> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <bindings> <wsHttpBinding> <binding name="CertificateWithTransportWSHttpBinding"> <security mode="Transport"> <transport clientCredentialType="Certificate" /> </security> </binding> </wsHttpBinding> </bindings> </system.serviceModel> </configuration> I've configured IIS as follows: https binding added using self signed certificate Under SSL settings, require SSL and accept client certificates is checked The self signed certificate has been added to the Local Computer Trusted Root CA. I can browse and execute the .asmx service definition, but the .svc gives me the error described above.

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  • Null-free "maps": Is a callback solution slower than tryGet()?

    - by David Moles
    In comments to "How to implement List, Set, and Map in null free design?", Steven Sudit and I got into a discussion about using a callback, with handlers for "found" and "not found" situations, vs. a tryGet() method, taking an out parameter and returning a boolean indicating whether the out parameter had been populated. Steven maintained that the callback approach was more complex and almost certain to be slower; I maintained that the complexity was no greater and the performance at worst the same. But code speaks louder than words, so I thought I'd implement both and see what I got. The original question was fairly theoretical with regard to language ("And for argument sake, let's say this language don't even have null") -- I've used Java here because that's what I've got handy. Java doesn't have out parameters, but it doesn't have first-class functions either, so style-wise, it should suck equally for both approaches. (Digression: As far as complexity goes: I like the callback design because it inherently forces the user of the API to handle both cases, whereas the tryGet() design requires callers to perform their own boilerplate conditional check, which they could forget or get wrong. But having now implemented both, I can see why the tryGet() design looks simpler, at least in the short term.) First, the callback example: class CallbackMap<K, V> { private final Map<K, V> backingMap; public CallbackMap(Map<K, V> backingMap) { this.backingMap = backingMap; } void lookup(K key, Callback<K, V> handler) { V val = backingMap.get(key); if (val == null) { handler.handleMissing(key); } else { handler.handleFound(key, val); } } } interface Callback<K, V> { void handleFound(K key, V value); void handleMissing(K key); } class CallbackExample { private final Map<String, String> map; private final List<String> found; private final List<String> missing; private Callback<String, String> handler; public CallbackExample(Map<String, String> map) { this.map = map; found = new ArrayList<String>(map.size()); missing = new ArrayList<String>(map.size()); handler = new Callback<String, String>() { public void handleFound(String key, String value) { found.add(key + ": " + value); } public void handleMissing(String key) { missing.add(key); } }; } void test() { CallbackMap<String, String> cbMap = new CallbackMap<String, String>(map); for (int i = 0, count = map.size(); i < count; i++) { String key = "key" + i; cbMap.lookup(key, handler); } System.out.println(found.size() + " found"); System.out.println(missing.size() + " missing"); } } Now, the tryGet() example -- as best I understand the pattern (and I might well be wrong): class TryGetMap<K, V> { private final Map<K, V> backingMap; public TryGetMap(Map<K, V> backingMap) { this.backingMap = backingMap; } boolean tryGet(K key, OutParameter<V> valueParam) { V val = backingMap.get(key); if (val == null) { return false; } valueParam.value = val; return true; } } class OutParameter<V> { V value; } class TryGetExample { private final Map<String, String> map; private final List<String> found; private final List<String> missing; public TryGetExample(Map<String, String> map) { this.map = map; found = new ArrayList<String>(map.size()); missing = new ArrayList<String>(map.size()); } void test() { TryGetMap<String, String> tgMap = new TryGetMap<String, String>(map); for (int i = 0, count = map.size(); i < count; i++) { String key = "key" + i; OutParameter<String> out = new OutParameter<String>(); if (tgMap.tryGet(key, out)) { found.add(key + ": " + out.value); } else { missing.add(key); } } System.out.println(found.size() + " found"); System.out.println(missing.size() + " missing"); } } And finally, the performance test code: public static void main(String[] args) { int size = 200000; Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { String val = (i % 5 == 0) ? null : "value" + i; map.put("key" + i, val); } long totalCallback = 0; long totalTryGet = 0; int iterations = 20; for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { { TryGetExample tryGet = new TryGetExample(map); long tryGetStart = System.currentTimeMillis(); tryGet.test(); totalTryGet += (System.currentTimeMillis() - tryGetStart); } System.gc(); { CallbackExample callback = new CallbackExample(map); long callbackStart = System.currentTimeMillis(); callback.test(); totalCallback += (System.currentTimeMillis() - callbackStart); } System.gc(); } System.out.println("Avg. callback: " + (totalCallback / iterations)); System.out.println("Avg. tryGet(): " + (totalTryGet / iterations)); } On my first attempt, I got 50% worse performance for callback than for tryGet(), which really surprised me. But, on a hunch, I added some garbage collection, and the performance penalty vanished. This fits with my instinct, which is that we're basically talking about taking the same number of method calls, conditional checks, etc. and rearranging them. But then, I wrote the code, so I might well have written a suboptimal or subconsicously penalized tryGet() implementation. Thoughts?

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  • Different Service behaviors per endpoint

    - by Preben Huybrechts
    The situation We are implementing different sort of security on some WCF service. ClientCertificate, UserName & Password and Anonymous. We have 2 ServiceBehaviorConfigurations, one for httpBinding and one for wsHttpBinding. (We have custom authorization policies for claim based security) As a requirement we need different endpoints for each service. 3 endpoints with httpBinding and 1 with wsHttpBinding. Example for one service: basicHttpBinding : Anonymous basicHttpBinding : UserNameAndPassword basicHttpBinding : BasicSsl wsHttpBinding : BasicSsl The Problem Part 1: We cannot specify the same service twice, once with the http service configuration and once with the wsHttp service configuration. Part 2: We cannot specify service behaviors on an endpoint. (Throws and exception, No endpoint behavior was found... Service behaviors cant be set to endpoint behaviours) The Config For part 1: <services> <service name="Namespace.MyService" behaviorConfiguration="securityBehavior"> <endpoint address="http://server:94/MyService.svc/Anonymous" contract="Namespace.IMyService" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="Anonymous"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="http://server:94/MyService.svc/UserNameAndPassword" contract="Namespace.IMyService" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="UserNameAndPassword"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="https://server/MyService.svc/BasicSsl" contract="Namespace.IMyService" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicSecured"> </endpoint> </service> <service name="Namespace.MyService" behaviorConfiguration="wsHttpCertificateBehavior"> <endpoint address="https://server/MyService.svc/ClientCert" contract="Namespace.IMyService" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="ClientCert"/> </service> </services> Service Behavior configuration: <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="securityBehavior"> <serviceAuthorization serviceAuthorizationManagerType="Namespace.AdamAuthorizationManager,Assembly"> <authorizationPolicies> <add policyType="Namespace.AdamAuthorizationManager,Assembly" /> </authorizationPolicies> </serviceAuthorization> </behavior> <behavior name="wsHttpCertificateBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="false" httpsGetEnabled="true"/> <serviceAuthorization serviceAuthorizationManagerType="Namespace.AdamAuthorizationManager,Assembly"> <authorizationPolicies> <add policyType="Namespace.AdamAuthorizationManager,Assembly" /> </authorizationPolicies> </serviceAuthorization> <serviceCredentials> <clientCertificate> <authentication certificateValidationMode="PeerOrChainTrust" revocationMode="NoCheck"/> </clientCertificate> <serviceCertificate findValue="CN=CertSubject"/> </serviceCredentials> </behavior> How can we specify a different service behaviour on the WsHttpBinding endpoint? Or how can we apply our authorization policy in a different way for wsHttpBinding then basicHttpBinding. We would use endpoint behavior but we can't specify our authorization policy on an endpoint behavior

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  • DynamicObject and WCF support

    - by rboarman
    Hi, I was wondering if anyone has had any luck getting a DynamicObject to serialize and work with WCF? Here’s my little test: [DataContract] class MyDynamicObject : DynamicObject { [DataMember] private Dictionary<string, object> _attributes = new Dictionary<string, object>(); public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result) { string key = binder.Name; result = null; if (_attributes.ContainsKey(key)) result = _attributes[key]; return true; } public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value) { _attributes.Add(binder.Name, value); return true; } } var dy = new MyDynamicObject(); var ser = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(MyDynamicObject)); var mem = new MemoryStream(); ser.WriteObject(mem, dy); The error I get is: System.Runtime.Serialization.InvalidDataContractException was unhandled Message=Type 'ElasticTest1.MyDynamicObject' cannot inherit from a type that is not marked with DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute. Consider marking the base type 'System.Dynamic.DynamicObject' with DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute, or removing them from the derived type. Any suggestions? Thanks, Rick

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  • Preloading Winforms using a Stack and Hidden Form

    - by msarchet
    I am currently working on a project where we have a couple very control heavy user controls that are being used inside a MDI Controller. This is a Line of Business app and it is very data driven. The problem that we were facing was the aforementioned controls would load very very slowly, we dipped our toes into the waters of multi-threading for the control loading but that was not a solution for a plethora of reasons. Our solution to increasing the performance of the controls ended up being to 'pre-load' the forms onto a hidden window, create a stack of the existing forms, and pop off of the stack as the user requested a form. Now the current issue that I'm seeing that will arise as we push this 'fix' out to our testers, and the ultimately our users is this: Currently the 'hidden' window that contains the preloaded forms is visible in task manager, and can be shut down thus causing all of the controls to be lost. Then you have to create them on the fly losing the performance increase. Secondly, when the user uses up the stack we lose the performance increase (current solution to this is discussed below). For the first problem, is there a way to hide this window from task manager, perhaps by creating a parent form that encapsulates both the main form for the program and the hidden form? Our current solution to the second problem is to have an inactivity timer that when it fires checks the stacks for the forms, and loads a new form onto the stack if it isn't full. However this still has the potential of causing a hang in the UI while it creates the forms. A possible solutions for this would be to put 'used' forms back onto the stack, but I feel like there may be a better way. EDIT: For control design clarification From the comments I have realized there is a lack of clarity on what exactly the control is doing. Here is a detailed explanation of one of the controls. I have defined for this control loading time as the time it takes from when a user performs an action that would open a control, until the time a control is accessible to be edited. The control is for entering Prescriptions for a patient in the system, it has about 5 tabbed groups with a total of about 180 controls. The user selects to open a new Prescription control from inside the main program, this control is loaded into the MDI Child area of the Main Form (which is a DevExpress Ribbon Control). From the time the user clicks New (or loads an existing record) until the control is visible. The list of actions that happens in the program is this: The stack is checked for the existence of a control. If the control exists it is popped off of the stack. The control is rendered on screen. This is what takes 2 seconds The control then is populated with a blank object, or with existing data. The control is ready to use. The average percentage of loading time, across about 10 different machines, with different hardware the control rendering takes about 85 - 95 percent of the control loading time. Without using the stack the control takes about 2 seconds to load, with the stack it takes about .8 seconds, this second time is acceptable. I have looked at Henry's link and I had previously already implemented the applicable suggestions. Again I re-iterate my question as What is the best method to move controls to and from the stack with as little UI interruption as possible?

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  • silverlight 3: long running wcf call triggers 401.1 (access denied)

    - by sympatric greg
    I have a wcf service consumed by a silverlight 3 control. The Silverlight client uses a basicHttpBindinging that is constructed at runtime from the control's initialization parameters like this: public static T GetServiceClient<T>(string serviceURL) { BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding(Application.Current.Host.Source.Scheme.Equals("https", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) ? BasicHttpSecurityMode.Transport : BasicHttpSecurityMode.None); binding.MaxReceivedMessageSize = int.MaxValue; binding.MaxBufferSize = int.MaxValue; binding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.TransportCredentialOnly; return (T)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(T), new object[] { binding, new EndpointAddress(serviceURL)}); } The Service implements windows security. Calls were returning as expected until the result set increased to several thousand rows at which time HTTP 401.1 errors were received. The Service's HttpBinding defines closeTime, openTimeout, receiveTimeout and sendTimeOut of 10 minutes. If I limit the size of the resultset the call suceeds. Additional Observations from Fiddler: When Method2 is modified to return a smaller resultset (and avoid the problem), control initialization consists of 4 calls: Service1/Method1 -- result:401 Service1/Method1 -- result:401 (this time header includes element "Authorization: Negotiate TlRMTV..." Service1/Method1 -- result:200 Service1/Method2 -- result:200 (1.25 seconds) When Method2 is configured to return the larger resultset we get: Service1/Method1 -- result:401 Service1/Method1 -- result:401 (this time header includes element "Authorization: Negotiate TlRMTV..." Service1/Method1 -- result:200 Service1/Method2 -- result:401.1 (7.5 seconds) Service1/Method2 -- result:401.1 (15ms) Service1/Method2 -- result:401.1 (7.5 seconds)

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  • Random Complete System Unresponsiveness Running Mathematical Functions

    - by Computer Guru
    I have a program that loads a file (anywhere from 10MB to 5GB) a chunk at a time (ReadFile), and for each chunk performs a set of mathematical operations (basically calculates the hash). After calculating the hash, it stores info about the chunk in an STL map (basically <chunkID, hash>) and then writes the chunk itself to another file (WriteFile). That's all it does. This program will cause certain PCs to choke and die. The mouse begins to stutter, the task manager takes 2 min to show, ctrl+alt+del is unresponsive, running programs are slow.... the works. I've done literally everything I can think of to optimize the program, and have triple-checked all objects. What I've done: Tried different (less intensive) hashing algorithms. Switched all allocations to nedmalloc instead of the default new operator Switched from stl::map to unordered_set, found the performance to still be abysmal, so I switched again to Google's dense_hash_map. Converted all objects to store pointers to objects instead of the objects themselves. Caching all Read and Write operations. Instead of reading a 16k chunk of the file and performing the math on it, I read 4MB into a buffer and read 16k chunks from there instead. Same for all write operations - they are coalesced into 4MB blocks before being written to disk. Run extensive profiling with Visual Studio 2010, AMD Code Analyst, and perfmon. Set the thread priority to THREAD_MODE_BACKGROUND_BEGIN Set the thread priority to THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE Added a Sleep(100) call after every loop. Even after all this, the application still results in a system-wide hang on certain machines under certain circumstances. Perfmon and Process Explorer show minimal CPU usage (with the sleep), no constant reads/writes from disk, few hard pagefaults (and only ~30k pagefaults in the lifetime of the application on a 5GB input file), little virtual memory (never more than 150MB), no leaked handles, no memory leaks. The machines I've tested it on run Windows XP - Windows 7, x86 and x64 versions included. None have less than 2GB RAM, though the problem is always exacerbated under lower memory conditions. I'm at a loss as to what to do next. I don't know what's causing it - I'm torn between CPU or Memory as the culprit. CPU because without the sleep and under different thread priorities the system performances changes noticeably. Memory because there's a huge difference in how often the issue occurs when using unordered_set vs Google's dense_hash_map. What's really weird? Obviously, the NT kernel design is supposed to prevent this sort of behavior from ever occurring (a user-mode application driving the system to this sort of extreme poor performance!?)..... but when I compile the code and run it on OS X or Linux (it's fairly standard C++ throughout) it performs excellently even on poor machines with little RAM and weaker CPUs. What am I supposed to do next? How do I know what the hell it is that Windows is doing behind the scenes that's killing system performance, when all the indicators are that the application itself isn't doing anything extreme? Any advice would be most welcome.

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  • Monotouch threads, GC, WCF

    - by cvista
    Hi This is a question about best practices i guess but it applies directly to my current MT project. I'm using WCF services to communicate with the server. To do this i do the following: services.MethodToCall(params); and the asynch: services.OnMethodToCallCompleted += delegate{ //do stuff and ting }; This can lead to issues if you're not careful in that variables defined within the scope of the asynch callback can sometimes be cleaned up by the gc and this can cause crashes. So - I am making it a practice to declare these outside of the scope of the callback unless I am 100% sure they are not needed. Now - when doing stuff and ting implies changing the ui - i wrap it all in an InvokeOnMainThread call. I guess wrapping everything in this would slow the main thread down and rubbish the point of having multi threads. Even though I'm being careful about all this i am still getting crashes and I have no idea why! I am certain it has something to do with threads, scope and all that. Now - the only thing I can think of outside of updating the UI that may need to happen inside of InvokeOnMainThread is that I have a singleton 'Database' class. This is based on the version 5 code from this thread http://www.yoda.arachsys.com/csharp/singleton.html So now if the service method returns data that needs to be added/updated to the Database class -I also wrap this inside an InvokeOnMainThread call. Still getting random crashes. So... My question is this: I am new to thick client dev - I'm coming from a web dev perspective where we don't need to worry about threads so much :) Aside from what I have mentioned -are there any other things I should be aware of? Is the above stuff correct? Or am i miss-understanding something? Cheers w://

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  • Why don't I just build the whole web app in Javascript and Javascript HTML Templates?

    - by viatropos
    I'm getting to the point on an app where I need to start caching things, and it got me thinking... In some parts of the app, I render table rows (jqGrid, slickgrid, etc.) or fancy div rows (like in the New Twitter) by grabbing pure JSON and running it through something like Mustache, jquery.tmpl, etc. In other parts of the app, I just render the info in pure HTML (server-side HAML templates), and if there's searching/paginating, I just go to a new URL and load a new HTML page. Now the problem is in caching and maintainability. On one hand I'm thinking, if everything was built using Javascript HTML Templates, then my app would serve just an HTML layout/shell, and a bunch of JSON. If you look at the Facebook and Twitter HTML source, that's basically what they're doing (95% json/javascript, 5% html). This would make it so my app only needed to cache JSON (pages, actions, and/or records). Which means you'd hit the cache no matter if you were some remote api developer accessing a JSON api, or the strait web app. That is, I don't need 2 caches, one for the JSON, one for the HTML. That seems like it'd cut my cache store down in half, and streamline things a little bit. On the other hand, I'm thinking, from what I've seen/experienced, generating static HTML server-side, and caching that, seems to be much better performance wise cross-browser; you get the graphics instantly and don't have to wait that split-second for javascript to render it. StackOverflow seems to do everything in plain HTML, and you can tell... everything appears at once. Notice how though on twitter.com, the page is blank for .5-1 seconds, and the page chunks in: the javascript has to render the json. The downside with this is that, for anything dynamic (like endless scrolling, or grids), I'd have to create javascript templates anyway... so now I have server-side HAML templates, client-side javascript templates, and a lot more to cache. My question is, is there any consensus on how to approach this? What are the benefits and drawbacks from your experience of mixing the two versus going 100% with one over the other? Update: Some reasons that factor into why I haven't yet made the decision to go with 100% javascript templating are: Performance. Haven't formally tested, but from what I've seen, raw html renders faster and more fluidly than javascript-generated html cross-browser. Plus, I'm not sure how mobile devices handle dynamic html performance-wise. Testing. I have a lot of integration tests that work well with static HTML, so switching to javascript-only would require 1) more focused pure-javascript testing (jasmine), and 2) integrating javascript into capybara integration tests. This is just a matter of time and work, but it's probably significant. Maintenance. Getting rid of HAML. I love HAML, it's so easy to write, it prints pretty HTML... It makes code clean, it makes maintenance easy. Going with javascript, there's nothing as concise. SEO. I know google handles the ajax /#!/path, but haven't grasped how this will affect other search engines and how older browsers handle it. Seems like it'd require a significant setup.

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  • Serialization of Entity Framework Models with .NET WCF Rest Service

    - by Chris Phillips
    I'm trying to put together a very simple REST-style interface for communicating with our partners. An example object in the API is a partner, which we'd like to have serialized like this: <partner> <id>ID</id> <name>NAME</name> </partner> This is fairly simply to achieve using the .NET 4.0 WCF REST template if we simply declare a partner class as: public class Partner { public int Id {get; set;} public string Name {get; set;} } But when I use the Entity Framework to define and store Partner objects, the resulting serialization looks something like this: <Partner p1:Id="NCNameString" p1:Ref="NCNameString" xmlns:p1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/TheTradeDesk.AdPlatform.Provisioning"> <EntityKey p1:Id="NCNameString" p1:Ref="NCNameString" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System.Data.Objects.DataClasses"> <EntityContainerName xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System.Data">String content</EntityContainerName> <EntityKeyValues xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System.Data"> ... This XML is obviously unacceptable for use as an external API. What are suggested mechanisms for using EF for the data store but maintaining a simple XML serialization interface?

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  • Consuming a WCF Service

    - by Lijo
    Hi I created a WCF service which is hosted in windows service. I created a proxy using svcutil “svcutil.exe http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/FreeServiceWorld?wsdl” It generated an output.config file and proxy class. The output.config has the following element <client> <endpoint address="http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/FreeServiceWorld" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IWeather" contract="IWeather" name="WSHttpBinding_IWeather"> <identity> <servicePrincipalName value="host/D471DTRV.ustr.com" /> </identity> </endpoint> </client> I created a website (as client) and added a new C# file (MyFile.cs) into it. I copied the contents of the proxy class into MyFile.cs. [The output.config is not copied to the web site] In the code behnid of aspx, I am using the following code WeatherClient client= new WeatherClient("WSHttpBinding_IWeather"); It throws an exception as “Could not find endpoint element with name 'WSHttpBinding_IWeather' and contract 'IWeather' in the ServiceModel client configuration section.” Could you please help me to understand the missing link here? Thanks Lijo

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  • Creating a consumer of a Web Service WSDL/SOAP

    - by Azzi
    I am attempting to write a Windows Desktop App (using WCF) that is a consumer of a web service. The application: Sends a SOAP message to a British Government Server to get an authentication token based on the arugments passed Retrieves a response from that server in the form of a string which contains the authentication token. I have a template of the SOAP message from the British Government, and a WSDL file for the service. What I have tried Add a service reference using the WSDL file. I received the following error: URI formats are not supported. Add a Web Reference using the URL of the service. I received the following error: The request failed with HTTP status 405: Method Not Allowed. Send the SOAP request using a POST. The Call to GetResponse() threw a 500 External Server Error. NOTE: I am using VS 2005 WSDL: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <definitions xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:conv="http://www.openuri.org/2002/04/soap/conversation/" xmlns:cw="http://www.openuri.org/2002/04/wsdl/conversation/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" xmlns:jms="http://www.openuri.org/2002/04/wsdl/jms/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:s1="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" targetNamespace="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication"> <types> <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication"> <s:element name="DPSrequestToken"> <s:complexType> <s:sequence> <s:element name="version" type="s:int"/> <s:element name="vendorID" type="s:string" minOccurs="0"/> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element> <s:element name="DPSrequestTokenResponse"> <s:complexType> <s:sequence> <s:element name="DPSrequestTokenResult" type="s:string" minOccurs="0"/> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element> </s:schema> </types> <message name="DPSrequestTokenSoapIn"> <part name="parameters" element="s1:DPSrequestToken"/> </message> <message name="DPSrequestTokenSoapOut"> <part name="parameters" element="s1:DPSrequestTokenResponse"/> </message> <portType name="dpsauthenticationSoap"> <operation name="DPSrequestToken"> <input message="s1:DPSrequestTokenSoapIn"/> <output message="s1:DPSrequestTokenSoapOut"/> </operation> </portType> <binding name="dpsauthenticationSoap" type="s1:dpsauthenticationSoap"> <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/> <operation name="DPSrequestToken"> <soap:operation soapAction="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication/DPSrequestToken" style="document"/> <input> <soap:body use="literal"/> </input> <output> <soap:body use="literal"/> </output> </operation> </binding> <service name="dpsauthentication"> <port name="dpsauthenticationSoap" binding="s1:dpsauthenticationSoap"> <soap:address location="https://dps.ws.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication/service"/> </port> </service> </definitions> SOAP: <!-- v1.1 30/11/2007 --> <!-- 24/10/2011 - minor change to remove duplicated text from <Envelope> element. No impact on validation, therefore not re-versioned. --> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <SOAP-ENV:Header> <wsse:Security xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <wsse:UsernameToken> <wsse:Username>as advised by SDS team</wsse:Username> <wsse:Password>as advised by SDS team</wsse:Password> </wsse:UsernameToken> </wsse:Security> </SOAP-ENV:Header> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <m:DPSrequestToken xmlns:m="https://tpvs.hmrc.gov.uk/dpsauthentication"> <m:version>1</m:version> <m:vendorID>your 4 digit vendorID</m:vendorID> </m:DPSrequestToken> </SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

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  • Improve WPF Rendering Performance (WrapPanel in ItemsControl)

    - by Wonko the Sane
    Hello All, I have an ItemsSource that appears to have poor performance when adding even a fairly small ObservableCollection to it. The ItemsPanel is a WrapPanel, and the ItemTemplate is essentially a Border containing another Border painted with an ImageBrush. The ItemsControl is wrapped inside a ScrollViewer. After some investigation using WpfPerf, it would appear that most of the "what the heck is it doing?" time is spent on WrapPanel.Measure after creating the collection that is being bound. As I've mentioned, it's a fairly small collection - generally less than 100 items. If nothing else, I'd like to be able to put a "Please Wait" on the screen (during the collection creation portion as well), but I am not sure how to know when the rendering is complete. Any thoughts would be greatly appreciated! Thanks, wTs

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  • WCF- Large Data

    - by Pinu
    I have a WCF Web Service with basicHTTPBinding , the server side the transfer mode is streamedRequest as the client will be sending us large file in the form of memory stream. But on client side when i use transfer mode as streamedRequest its giving me a this errro "The remote server returned an error: (400) Bad Request" And when i look in to trace information , i see this as the error message Exception: There is a problem with the XML that was received from the network. See inner exception for more details. InnerException: The body of the message cannot be read because it is empty. I am able to send up to 5MB of data using trasfermode as buffered , but it will effect the performance of my web service in the long run , if there are many clients who are trying to access the service in buffered transfer mode. SmartConnect.Service1Client Serv = new SmartConnectClient.SmartConnect.Service1Client(); SmartConnect.OrderCertMailResponse OrderCert = new SmartConnectClient.SmartConnect.OrderCertMailResponse(); OrderCert.UserID = "abcd"; OrderCert.Password = "7a80f6623"; OrderCert.SoftwareKey = "90af1"; string applicationDirectory = @"\\inid\utty\Bran"; byte[] CertMail = File.ReadAllBytes(applicationDirectory + @"\5mb_test.zip"); MemoryStream str = new MemoryStream(CertMail); //OrderCert.Color = true; //OrderCert.Duplex = false; //OrderCert.FirstClass = true; //OrderCert.File = str; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress1 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress2 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress3 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress4 = "Test123"; OrderCert.File = str; //string OrderNumber = ""; //string Password = OrderCert.Password; //int ReturnCode = 0; //string ReturnMessage = ""; //string SoftwareKey = OrderCert.SoftwareKey; //string UserID = OrderCert.UserID; //OrderCert.File = str; MemoryStream FileStr = str; Serv.OrderCertMail(OrderCert); // Serv.OrderCertMail(ref OrderNumber, ref Password, ref ReturnCode, ref ReturnMessage, ref SoftwareKey, ref UserID, ref FileStr ); lblON.Text = OrderCert.OrderNumber; Serv.Close(); // My Web Service - Service Contract [OperationContract] OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail(OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail); [MessageContract] public class OrderCertMailResponse { string userID = ""; string password = ""; string softwareID = ""; MemoryStream file = null; //MemoryStream str = null; [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string UserID { get { return userID; } set { userID = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string Password { get { return password; } set { password = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string SoftwareKey { get { return softwareID; } set { softwareID = value; } } [MessageBodyMember] // [DataMember] public MemoryStream File { get { return file; } set { file = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string ReturnMessage; [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public int ReturnCode; [MessageHeader] public string OrderNumber; //// Control file fields //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress1; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress2; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress3; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress4; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool FirstClass; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool Color; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool Duplex; } [ServiceBehavior(IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true)] public class Service1 : IService1 { public OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail(OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail) { OrderService CertOrder = new OrderService(); ClientUserInfo Info = new ClientUserInfo(); ControlFileInfo Control = new ControlFileInfo(); //Info.Password = "f2496623"; // hard coded password for development testing purposes //Info.SoftwareKey = "6dbb71"; // hard coded software key this is a developement software key //Info.UserName = "sdfs"; // hard coded UserID - for testing Info.UserName = OrderCertMail.UserID.ToString(); Info.Password = OrderCertMail.Password.ToString(); Info.SoftwareKey = OrderCertMail.SoftwareKey.ToString(); //Control.ReturnAddress1 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress1; //Control.ReturnAddress2 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress2; //Control.ReturnAddress3 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress3; //Control.ReturnAddress4 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress4; //Control.CertMailFirstClass = OrderCertMail.FirstClass; //Control.CertMailColor = OrderCertMail.Color; //Control.CertMailDuplex = OrderCertMail.Duplex; //byte[] CertFile = new byte[0]; //byte[] CertFile = null; //string applicationDirectory = @"\\intrepid\utility\Bryan"; // byte[] CertMailFile = File.ReadAllBytes(applicationDirectory + @"\3mb_test.zip"); //MemoryStream str = new MemoryStream(CertMailFile); OrderCertMailResponseClass OrderCertResponse = CertOrder.OrderCertmail(Info,Control,OrderCertMail.File); OrderCertMail.ReturnMessage = OrderCertResponse.ReturnMessage.ToString(); OrderCertMail.ReturnCode = Convert.ToInt32(OrderCertResponse.ReturnCode.ToString()); OrderCertMail.OrderNumber = OrderCertResponse.OrderNumber; return OrderCertMail; }

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  • SQL - .NET - SqlParameters - AddWithValue - Are there any negative performance implications when Par

    - by hamlin11
    http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqlparametercollection.addwithvalue.aspx I'm used to adding sql parameters to a sqlCommand using the add() function. This allows me to specify the type of the sqlParameter, but it requires another line to set the value. It's nice to use the AddWithValue function, but it skips the "specify the parameter type" step. I'm guessing this causes the parameters to be sent over as strings contained within single quotes (''), but I'm not sure. Is this the case, and does this cause significantly slower performance of the stored procedures? Note: I understand that it is nice to validate user data on the .NET side of things by specifying the data type for params -- I'm only concerned about reflection-type overhead of AddWithValue either on the .NET or SQL side.

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  • C# WMI, Performance Counters, & SNMP Oh My!

    - by Keith
    I have a C# windows service which listens to a MSMQ and sends each message out as an email. Since there's no UI, I'd like to offer an ability to monitor this service to see things such as # messages in queue, # emails sent (by message type perhaps), # of errors, etc. What is the best/recommended way to accomplish this? Is it WMI or performance counters? Is this data viewed using PerfMon or WMI CIM Studio? Does any approach allow one to monitor the service real-time as well as providing historical analysis? I can dig into the details myself but would appreciate some broad guidance to help demystify this subject.

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