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• What's wrong with my ext4 partition?

  - by bumbling fool

  What is wrong with this picture? Top is output from "df -h", bottom is gparted. I suspect I'm missing a lot of free space. No problems other than that (yet). Can somebody suggest the best (non-destructive) way to correct this? sudo dumpe2fs -h /dev/sda3: (source http://pastebin.com/nAvrdT4E) Filesystem volume name: <none> Last mounted on: / Filesystem UUID: 9f6eff64-60d7-4eec-81d5-1e8acd818b38 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 1602496 Block count: 6406144 Reserved block count: 320306 Free blocks: 4842284 Free inodes: 1361222 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 1022 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8176 Inode blocks per group: 511 RAID stride: 32692 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Sun Nov 8 18:18:13 2009 Last mount time: Tue Mar 1 01:04:27 2011 Last write time: Mon Feb 28 04:27:34 2011 Mount count: 16 Maximum mount count: 28 Last checked: Thu Feb 24 06:23:39 2011 Check interval: 15552000 (6 months) Next check after: Tue Aug 23 07:23:39 2011 Lifetime writes: 227 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 First orphan inode: 268015 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: cc101517-e617-482b-a883-a72919419c84 Journal backup: inode blocks Journal features: journal_incompat_revoke Journal size: 128M Journal length: 32768 Journal sequence: 0x001d3000 Journal start: 7787 fdisk and parted output per requests: http://pastebin.com/EGVH7Ken

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• KVM Virtual guest Paused on Reboot

  - by David Hamilton

  I'm running REHL 6 and just installed a Ubuntu Server Guest via KVM set to start at boot. This works correctly and the guest loads, but it loads "paused" and requires that I manually un-pause it. Can someone give me a hint as to how I can I get the Guest OS to actually become active on boot? Here is the libvert dump as requested...Also tried libvert auto-start --- no effect. <domain type='kvm' id='1'> <name>MailServer</name> <uuid>a61dae75-1f5c-d536-718f-3c615d9b4868</uuid> <memory>4194304</memory> <currentMemory>4194304</currentMemory> <vcpu>4</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.0.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/> <source file='/home/MailServer/MailServer-1.img'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> <alias name='ide0-0-0'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <disk type='block' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> <alias name='ide0-1-0'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/> </disk> <controller type='ide' index='0'> <alias name='ide0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:cd:f9:9f'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <target dev='vnet0'/> <model type='virtio'/> <alias name='net0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <source path='/dev/pts/1'/> <target port='0'/> <alias name='serial0'/> </serial> <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/1'> <source path='/dev/pts/1'/> <target port='0'/> <alias name='serial0'/> </console> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes'/> <sound model='ac97'> <alias name='sound0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </sound> <video> <model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/> <alias name='video0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <memballoon model='virtio'> <alias name='balloon0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> <seclabel type='dynamic' model='selinux'> <label>system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c211,c271</label> <imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c211,c271</imagelabel> </seclabel></domain>

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• Ubuntu: One or more of the mounts listed in fstab cannot ye be mounted

  - by Phuong Nguyen

  I was enjoying a Movie when my Ubuntu suddenly hung. At the next reboot, here is the message: One or more of the mounts listed in /etc/fstab cannot yet be mounted: /home: waiting for /dev/disk/by-uuid/.... Press ESC to enter a recovery shell. Problems: When I enter recovery shell, I don't know that to do. If I press Ctrl+D, then the message above will reappear. What should I do? I checked with Ubuntu Live CD and my partition looks OK. I have 2 separate partitions for / and /home

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• My laptop with Linux/ Ubuntu isn't working

  - by Andy Campos

  I have a dell laptop with ubuntu linux. A day I tried to start it up and a black screen just appeared that says: GNU GRUB version1.98+20100804-5ubuntu3 (and these clickable options:) -Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic -Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic (recovery mode) -Memory test (memtest86+) -Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200) When I click the first one, a bunch of text appears like: mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/8396a225... failed: invalid argument mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: no such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: no such file or directory mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: no such file or directory Target file system doesn't have requested /sbin/init No init found. Try passing init= bootarg Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands BusyBox v1.15.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.15.3-1ubuntu5) built-in shell (ash) (initramfs) When I enter 'help' a bunch more incomprehensible text appears. Whenever I press the enter key all that pops up is (intetramfs) If anyone can make rhyme or reason out of this please, please help me out so it can boot up normally and i can be set. If there's some kind of special code I have to type in or something I know nothing about computers.

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• HTC Android device mounted as USB drive is read-only unless I'm root

  - by Ian Dickinson

  When I connect my HTC Incredible S to my Ubuntu 10.10 system as a USB drive, the device seems to mount OK, but is read-only unless I access it as root. For example, if I run nautilus, I can't drag and drop files to the SD-card in the phone, but if I run sudo nautilus I can. I have USB debug support set on the phone (Applications > Development > USB debugging) and I have added a rule for the device in /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules on my Ubuntu system. Any suggestions as to how I can mount the drive so that I can copy content to the SD card without needing to sudo? Update Following advice from waltinator, I added the following line to my /etc/fstab: UUID=3537-3834 /media/usb1 vfat rw,user,noexec,nodev,nosuid,noauto However, the Android device is still being auto-mounted on /media/usb1 with uid and gid root. Update 2 syslog output: Nov 21 23:38:40 rowan-15 usbmount[4352]: executing command: mount -tvfat -osync,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime /dev/sdd1 /media/usb1 Nov 21 23:38:40 rowan-15 usbmount[4352]: executing command: run-parts /etc/usbmount/mount.d

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• Cannot see boot options after editing grub background

  - by cipricus

  After solving this problem I managed to get myself into truble again out of nothing by trying to change the display of the dual boot option page in Boot Customizer. I have changed the background, the fonts size (I have increased them) and font style (I have chosen UnDotum). But Boot Customizer gave me an error (I mean a message that the application was closed unexpectedly or smth). I have restarted BootCustomizer and the settings were there. When I rebooted, instead of the normal boot options list, just the background image that I had selected and nothing else. I used Boot Repair to repair grub, it says it did it successfully, but I still get the background image when I try to boot. Any ideas? (Could it be the matter that I chose UnDotum font style? That was installed in Lubuntu - but how could it be accessible in displaying boot options?) The contents of etc/default/grub are: # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" I have tried to modify etc/default/grub: GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 to 10 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true to false and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to "" but it doesn't help Also, using Shift doesn't make the list visible. I am looking for something like a command that would reset grub options to default. [When trying to reinstall grub i get to this window in term:

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• What is the safest way to remove a swap partition?

  - by user212062

  I am running Ubuntu 12.04 on a 64-bit HP laptop with a 16 GB flash drive. I do not have a working hard drive right now. When I installed Ubuntu, I created a 2 GB swap partition on sdb1. I have since learned that swap partitions are generally a bad idea on flash drives, so I would like to use my swap space for my other partitions. You can see my partition scheme in the link below. I have read that I just have to comment sdb1 out of the fstab file, boot from a GParted live CD, select swapoff for sdb1, delete/merge with other partition, and everything's good. But, I've also read that messing with sdb1 can change the UUID of sdb2 or sdb3 and cause problems. Is this true? Does initramfs use swap at all? Also, when I get Ubuntu running on my laptop with an internal hard drive, does the swap partition help that much? I have 6 GB of DDR3. Does the rule of 1.5xActual RAM still apply? It seems like quite a bit to me. Thanks for the help! UPDATE: I have removed swap. The process I followed is: Right click swap partition in GParted and selected swapoff. Used # to comment the swap partition out of fstab. I tried to boot from a live GParted CD, but I kept getting an error, so I ran GParted in Ubuntu. Deleted swap partition in GParted. Unmounted /windows. Expanded /windows to take the remaining space. Mounted /windows. The / and /windows partitions each kept their own names and UUIDs, and everything is running fine. I have never seen any swap space being used before, and I don't intend to use the hibernate function, so I think removing swap was a good idea.

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• Ubuntu - How to automount an external drive at a preconfigured mount point?

  - by Lars Haugseth

  Normally, when I attach an external USB drive to my Ubuntu system, the filesystem on it are automounted to /media/label. However, I'd like the filesystem to be mounted at a mount point of my choosing. I've added a line like this to my /etc/fstab: UUID=2BE905C238C1F724 /p ntfs-3g defaults 0 0 # Passport 320GB This allows me to manually mount the volume at /p by running sudo mount /p, however the filesystem is no longer automounted when the drive is attached to the PC. What do I need to do to get automount to this mount point to work, if at all possible?

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• Ubuntu: One or more of the mounts listed in fstab cannot ye be mounted

  - by Phuong Nguyen

  I was enjoying a Movie when my Ubuntu suddenly hung. At the next reboot, here is the message: One or more of the mounts listed in /etc/fstab cannot yet be mounted: /home: waiting for /dev/disk/by-uuid/.... Press ESC to enter a recovery shell. Problems: When I enter recovery shell, I don't know that to do. If I press Ctrl+D, then the message above will reappear. What should I do? I checked with Ubuntu Live CD and my partition looks OK.

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• CUDA & MSI GT60 with Optimus enabled GTX670M?

  - by user1076693

  I have a MSI GT60 Laptop with an Optimus enabled GTX 670M GPU, and I have been trying to get CUDA going in Ubuntu 12.04 environment. I realize that Optimus is not supported in Linux, but I have read the following post suggesting that CUDA works for hybrid GPUs. How can I get nVidia CUDA or OpenCL working on a laptop with nVidia discrete card/Intel Integrated Graphics? I installed the NVIDIA driver via sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nvidia-current The resulting driver version is 302.17, and supposedly GTX 670M is supported since 295.59. I also downloaded CUDA 4.2 from the NVIDIA site, and compiled it against nvidia-current libraries. Unfortunately, when I run deviceQuery in the CUDA SDK, I get the following output cudaGetDeviceCount returned 38 -> no CUDA-capable device is detected Checking /proc/driver/nvidia/gpus/0/information gives the following Model: GeForce GTX 670M IRQ: 16 GPU UUID: GPU-????????-????-????-????-???????????? Video BIOS: ??.??.??.??.?? Bus Type: PCI-E DMA Size: 32 bits DMA Mask: 0xffffffffff Bus Location: 0000:01.00.0 Here is the output of "lspci | grep VGA" 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1213 (rev ff) So... what am I doing wrong? Thanks!

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• Ubuntu server 11.04 recognize only 1 core instead of 4

  - by Kreker

  I searched for other questions and googled a lot but I don't find a solution for solving this problem. Ubuntu Server 11.04 64bit installed on Dell Poweredge with Intel Xeon X5450. He only recognize 1 of the 4 cores I have. Tried to modify the GRUB config but didn't work. IN the machine BIOS I didn't find anything useful. CPU root@darwin:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5450 @ 3.00GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2992.180 cache size : 6144 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 xsave lahf_lm dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 5984.36 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 38 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: GRUB root@darwin:~# cat /etc/default/grub # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=2 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="noapic nolapic" #was with acpi=off # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" Complete dmesg Too long, posted on pastebin http://pastebin.com/bsKPBhzu

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• Purpose of JBoss tables

  - by Rich

  Hi Can anyone point me in the direction of some documentation (or provide the information here) about the following tables, created by JBoss 5.1.0 when it starts up? I know what they are for at a high level, and know why they are there, but I could do with some lower-level documentation about each table's purpose. The tables are: hilosequences timers jbm_counter jbm_dual jbm_id_cache jbm_msg jbm_msg_ref jbm_postoffice jbm_role jbm_tx jbm_user I know that the first two are associated with uuid-key-generator and the EJB Timer Service respectively, while the rest are associated with JBoss Messaging. What I want to know is something along the lines of "jmg_msg stores each message when it is created...", that kind of thing. I wasn't sure where to ask this question, ServerFault or StackOverflow, but I decided it wasn't programming related so thought I should put it here - I hope that's ok! Thanks Rich

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• How to re-add RAID-10 dropped drive?

  - by thiesdiggity

  I have a problem that I can't seem to solve. We have a Ubuntu server setup with RAID-10 and two of the drives dropped out of the array. When I try to re-add them using the following command: mdadm --manage --re-add /dev/md2 /dev/sdc1 I get the following error message: mdadm: Cannot open /dev/sdc1: Device or resource busy When I do a "cat /proc/mdstat" I get the following: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [r$ md2 : active raid10 sdb1[0] sdd1[3] 1953519872 blocks 64K chunks 2 near-copies [4/2] [U__U] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdc2[1] 468853696 blocks [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdc1[1] 19530688 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> When I run "/sbin/mdadm --detail /dev/md2" I get the following: /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Mon Sep 5 23:41:13 2011 Raid Level : raid10 Array Size : 1953519872 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Oct 25 09:25:08 2012 State : active, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : near=2, far=1 Chunk Size : 64K UUID : c6d87d27:aeefcb2e:d4453e2e:0b7266cb Events : 0.6688691 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 8 49 3 active sync /dev/sdd1 Output of df -h is: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 441G 2.0G 416G 1% / none 32G 236K 32G 1% /dev tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm none 32G 112K 32G 1% /var/run none 32G 0 32G 0% /var/lock none 32G 0 32G 0% /lib/init/rw tmpfs 64G 215M 63G 1% /mnt/vmware none 441G 2.0G 416G 1% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs /dev/mapper/RAID10VG-RAID10LV 1.8T 139G 1.6T 8% /mnt/RAID10 When I do a "fdisk -l" I can see all the drives needed for the RAID-10. The RAID-10 is part of the /dev/mapper, could that be the reason why the device is coming back as busy? Anyone have any suggestions on what I can try to get the drives back into the array? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• mount fstab partition with public access

  - by Mikhail

  How do I specify that an fstab mount-point should be public? I want /mnt/windows to be accessible to normal users. I believe I am using ntfs-3g. If I set the /mnt/windows to 777 will it be publicly accessible without changing the permissions on the NTFS disk? /dev/sdb4 /mnt/windows ntfs noatime 0 1 /dev/sdb5 / ext4 noatime 0 1 UUID=5AA4-168D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1 and localhost my_computer # stat /mnt/windows/ File: '/mnt/windows/' Size: 12288 Blocks: 24 IO Block: 512 directory Device: 814h/2068d Inode: 5 Links: 1 Access: (0700/drwx------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-08-21 18:29:13.597722200 -0500 Modify: 2014-08-21 18:29:13.597722200 -0500 Change: 2014-08-21 18:29:13.597722200 -0500 Birth: -

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• ksoftirqd uses 100% cpu

  - by andy

  I am running 32bit Ubuntu 10.04. A lot of the times ksoftirqd/0 or ksoftirqd/1 start using up 100% CPU for no apparent reason, and I am forced to reboot my laptop. Incidentally this also happens when I maximize my (youtube) videos on Chrome and Fireox, but once I un-maximize the videos the CPU usage goes down to the original levels. Any ideas what it going on? --- Addendum --- dmesg produces a ~2000 line output. I searched for 'error' and 'warning' in the output, and here are the relevant lines (along with some headers): [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 2.6.32-21-generic (buildd@yellow) (gcc version 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5) ) #32-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 16 08:09:38 UTC 2010 (Ubuntu 2.6.32-21.32-generic 2.6.32.11+drm33.2) [ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=157dcfda-acd6-4d1b-a6a8-ff9ccff61906 ro quiet splash [ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus: [ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel [ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD [ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls [ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 24.775546] EXT3-fs warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended [44920.210518] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake 10B8B Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns } [44920.210531] res 40/00:00:f0:4b:7f/00:00:18:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error) [58673.134623] chrome[20101]: segfault at 7f38bc4ad000 ip 00007f38be769ecc sp 00007fff24616850 error 4 in libpepflashplayer.so[7f38bdc08000+e55000] [ 24.775546] EXT3-fs warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended [44920.210531] res 40/00:00:f0:4b:7f/00:00:18:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)

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• Ubuntu 12.04 slow boot on ASUS, attached with dmesg and bootchart

  - by stanleyhunk

  I heard that Ubuntu can boot up around 30sec, but I take more than 60sec every time my Ubuntu boot. I also read some forum said need to post the dmesg and bootchart to identify which process slowing down the booting time, as I'm not expert in Ubuntu and wish to learn more about it, I humbly ask any pro here to teach me how. My laptop specs: Model : ASUS K45VS RAM : 8MB CPU : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3630QM CPU @ 2.40GHz x 8 Graphic Card : nVidia GeForce GT 645M HDD : 750GB OS : Single boot Ubuntu 12.04LTS System.uname : Linux 3.8.0-39-generic #58~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Fri May 2 21:33:40 UTC 2014 x86_64 System.release : Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS System.kernel.options : BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-39-generic root=UUID=c8a71503-bce8-406c-9a5f-5aa8284f5c7c ro quiet splash My dmesg (which highlighted to the huge time frame gap): [ 30.772656] cgroup: libvirtd (1961) created nested cgroup for controller "memory" which has incomplete hierarchy support. Nested cgroups may change behavior in the future. [ 30.772659] cgroup: "memory" requires setting use_hierarchy to 1 on the root. [ 30.772683] cgroup: libvirtd (1961) created nested cgroup for controller "devices" which has incomplete hierarchy support. Nested cgroups may change behavior in the future. [ 30.772710] cgroup: libvirtd (1961) created nested cgroup for controller "blkio" which has incomplete hierarchy support. Nested cgroups may change behavior in the future. [ 32.140335] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: irq 46 for MSI/MSI-X [ 32.505619] ACPI Error: Field [TMPB] at 1081344 exceeds Buffer [ROM1] size 262144 (bits) (20121018/dsopcode-236) [ 32.505624] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed [\_SB_.PCI0.PEG0.PEGP._ROM] (Node ffff880224e91f00), AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT (20121018/psparse-537) [ 802.034422] audit_printk_skb: 69 callbacks suppressed [ 802.034428] type=1400 audit(1400914804.392:35): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" parent=1 profile="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1683 comm="cupsd" pid=1683 comm="cupsd" capability=36 capname="block_suspend" [ 1581.300901] type=1400 audit(1400915584.816:36): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" parent=1 profile="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1683 comm="cupsd" pid=1683 comm="cupsd" capability=36 capname="block_suspend" My Bootchart.png: Looking forward to learn to improve both my booting time and knowledge. Thanks in advance :)

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• How to add addtional disks to a Windows 2008 KVM based Guest?

  - by taazaa

  I have a Win 2008 KVM based guest VM running on a Ubuntu 10 host. It is a raw image of 22G. I want to add a "data" drive which would show up as "D:\" drive on the guest. I first created a raw image using: qemu-img create -f raw ~/vmdisk2.img 50G Then, tried attaching it using virsh attach-disk. When that did not work, I tried editing the xml file of the VM directly. Both did not seem to work. I would greatly appreciate any help on how to do this and what the best practice is. I want to keep the base image small, so that I can clone it (hopefully) and then attach necessary storage based on the application at hand. Update: The xml of the vm before adding the second drive: <domain type='kvm'> <name>win08e-vm1</name> <uuid>183a4ba0-1c0b-0b04-ad01-aa7c3a4cb390</uuid> <memory>1048576</memory> <currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory> <vcpu>2</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-0.12'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='localtime'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/win08e-vm1.img'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/taazaa/iso/Win08ER264.iso'/> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/> </disk> <controller type='ide' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:7f:a7:ae'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' keymap='en-us'/> <video> <model type='vga' vram='9216' heads='1'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain> Thanks!

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• Is there a way to make catalyst driver work in Trusty for the radeon hd4330?

  - by Laurent BERNABE

  Though official Catalyst software 13.1 is suitable for ati radeon hd4330, it can't be installed on Ubuntu 14.04 as it can't support Xorg = 7.6 As I need proprietary drivers for trusty, I would like to know if there is a way to bypass this limitation ? (For example by fetching driver sources) Here are some results from the terminal : $ Xorg -version X.Org X Server 1.15.1 Release Date: 2014-04-13 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: Linux 3.2.0-37-generic x86_64 Ubuntu Current Operating System: Linux bordeaux80 3.13.0-27-generic #50-Ubuntu SMP Thu May 15 18:06:16 UTC 2014 x86_64 Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-27-generic root=UUID=4015e6f7-d11a-45fd-ac9b-5b6c7ab9eaa0 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 Build Date: 16 April 2014 01:36:29PM xorg-server 2:1.15.1-0ubuntu2 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) Current version of pixman: 0.30.2 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. $ xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1366 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS connected primary 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 353mm x 198mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 1280x720 59.9 1152x768 59.8 1024x768 59.9 800x600 59.9 848x480 59.7 720x480 59.7 640x480 59.4 VGA-0 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI-0 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) $ uname -rp 3.13.0-27-generic x86_64 $ glxinfo | grep OpenGL OpenGL vendor string: X.Org OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on AMD RV710 OpenGL core profile version string: 3.1 (Core Profile) Mesa 10.1.0 OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 1.40 OpenGL core profile context flags: (none) OpenGL core profile extensions: OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 10.1.0 OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30 OpenGL context flags: (none) OpenGL extensions: Regards

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• How to disable 3G USB Modem internal storage from being loaded by linux kernel?

  - by Krystian

  Hi, I've got a problem with my 3G modem [Huawei E122]. It has internal storage and kernel assigns a device [/dev/sdX] to it. Because of that, every second time my machine will not boot - kernel panic - as my usb hdd gets assigned /dev/sdb instead of /dev/sda. I cannot use LABEL nor UUID in root= kernel parameter, as it is only available when using initrd, and I can't use it - I am using Debian on my router - mips architecture machine. I have to prevent this from happening, as my router has to start everyday and I have to be sure it works ok. I don't have physical access to restart it when something goes wrong. I don't use my modem internal storage, there's no SD card inserted. However kernel detects the reader and loads it. I can not prevent loading od usb drivers since my hdd is on USB as well. I will appreciate any ideas.

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• Install Ubuntu on Asus Eee-PC 1005PE - Dealing with special partitions

  - by MestreLion

  I have an Asus EeePC 1005PE netbook and im planning on doing a massive re-partitioning (going to install Ubuntu, Mint, XP, etc) Ive noticed it has 2 "special" partitions: a 10Gb Fat32 RESTORE hidden partition (used by BIOS "F9 recovery" feature) and a 16Mb "unknown" partition at the end of the drive (used by BIOS "Boot Booster" feature). So, for both partitions, my question is: Can I move/resize the recovery partition freely? What are the requirements for it? (i mean, for it still be found by BIOS when i press F9/Activate BootBooster?). Partition table order? Partition type? Flags? Label? UUID? Can i make it a Logical (instead of primary) partition? Does it must be the flagged as boot? And, more importantly: where can i find any official documentation about it? Ive ready many (mis)information about it... some say Boot Booster partition must be last (in partition table), some say Recovery must be 2nd, that it must be bootable, etc. How can I know what is really needed for the BIOS to use both F9 and Boot Booster? Note: Im using gParted from a Live USB Stick (Mint 10 / Ubuntu 10.10), and ive noticed that, since the filesystem type of the Boot Booster is not recongnized, it cant move or resize it. Can I delete it and re-create it somewhere else? Whenever i create a 0xEF partition gParted crashes and quits and i cannot open it again (must delete the partition using fdisk / cfdisk)

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• How do I uninstall GRUB?

  - by ændrük

  A hard drive that I use only for data storage still has GRUB from past Ubuntu installations. How can I remove GRUB from it without harming the rest of the drive's data? Background I occasionally move the data drive between computers with various boot order configurations, so I would like it to be non-bootable in order to avoid having to accommodate it in each computer's BIOS settings. When I power on a computer while only the data drive is attached, the following appears: error: no such device: fdf38dd4-9e9d-479d-b830-2a6989958503. grub rescue> I can confirm from old backups of /etc/fstab that this was the UUID of a root partition that I recently reformatted and which no longer exists. Here's the the data drive's partition table and raw master boot record. Please note that I'm not interested in workarounds that don't answer my primary question. I can think of several ways to work around this issue, but it bothers me on principle that I don't know how to directly resolve it. Every installation procedure should have a counterpart uninstallation procedure.

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• Having problems with Grub2 booting Ubuntu from my External Hard Drive

  - by anonymous

  I installed Ubuntu on my external hard drive but it won't boot on my laptop. what do i do? i did some reading and traced the source of the problem to grub2. Apparently, grub2 doesn't use the device's UUID, and uses the linux directory instead (/dev/sdf2). This means that whenever i plug my E-HDD into a system that has a different number of drives connected to it, i won't be able to boot without editting the boot command. I don't understand it too well but that's what i got from what i read. Is there anyway to fix this?

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• I can't get grub menu to show up during boot

  - by wim

  After trying (and failing) to install better ATI drivers in 11.10, I've somehow lost my grub menu at boot time. The screen does change to the familiar purple colour, but instead of a list of boot options it's just blank solid colour, and then disappears quickly and boots into the default entry normally. How can I get the bootloader back? I've tried sudo update-grub and also various different combinations of resolutions and colour depths in startupmanager application with no success (640x480, 1024x768, 1600x1200, 16 bits, 8 bits, 10 second delay, 7 second delay, 2 second delay...) edit: I have already tried holding down Shift during bootup and it does not seem to change the behaviour. I get the message "GRUB Loading" in the terminal, but then the place where the grub menu normally appears I get a solid blank magenta screen for a while. Here are the contents of /etc/default/grub # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" vga=798 splash" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

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• Raid 5 with 4 disks on Debian automatically creates a spare drive

  - by Razer

  I'm trying to to create a RAID 5 with 4x 2TB disks on Debian 6. I followed the instructions from: http://zackreed.me/articles/38-software-raid-5-in-debian-with-mdadm I created the raid with following command: sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --auto=yes --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 After creating the RAID mdadm --detail /dev/md0 shows me: /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Mon Jun 11 18:14:26 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860535808 (5589.04 GiB 6001.19 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953511936 (1863.01 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon Jun 11 18:14:26 2012 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : rsserver:0 (local to host rsserver) UUID : a68c3c99:1ef865e9:5a8a7bdc:64710ed8 Events : 0 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 2 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 3 0 0 3 removed 4 8 65 - spare /dev/sde1 Why is there a spare drive? I didn't create one. I don't want to use a spare drive.

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• Material System

  - by Towelie

  I'm designing Material/Shader System (target API DX10+ and may be OpenGL3+, now only DX10). I know, there was a lot of topics about this, but i can't find what i need. I don't want to do some kind of compilation/parsing scripts in real-time. So there some artist-created material, written at some analog of CG. After it compiled to hlsl code and after to final shader. Also there are some hard-coded ConstantBuffers, like cbuffer EveryFrameChanging { float4x4 matView; float time; float delta; } And shader use shared constant buffers to get parameters. For each mesh in the scene, getting needs and what it can give (normals, binormals etc.) and finding corresponding permutation of shader or calculating missing parts. Also, during build calculating render states and the permutations or hash for this shader which later will be used for sorting or even giving the ID from 0 to ShaderCount w/o gaps to it for sorting. FinalShader have only 1 technique and one pass. After it for each Mesh setting some shader and it's good to render. some pseudo code SetConstantBuffer(ConstantBuffer::PerFrame); foreach (shader in FinalShaders) SetConstantBuffer(ConstantBuffer::PerShader, shader); SetRenderState(shader); foreach (mesh in shader.GetAllMeshes) SetConstantBuffer(ConstantBuffer::PerMesh, mesh); SetBuffers(mesh); Draw(); class FinalShader { public: UUID m_ID; RenderState m_RenderState; CBufferBindings m_BufferBindings; } But i have no idea how to create this CG language and do i really need it?

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