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• Choosing a home network layout

  - by James M.

  I have a server, 4 PC's, a network printer, a switch and an ADSL modem. Currently the server runs Red Hat 9 and sits between the internet and the other PCs like in http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/12/Sample-network-diagram.png I have bought a new server PC to replace the old one, and I plan to install Fedora Core linux on it. The server acts as web and file server. The PCs all run Windows. Alternatively, I could connect the new server and all PCs to the switch, and connect the switch to the modem. (Sorry, couldn't find an image.) What are the pros and cons of these network layouts? Eg. in terms of reliability, security and flexibility? I am not a Linux guru but know of (and am not afraid of) iptables, dhcpd et al. Thank you for any tips, pointers and links.

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• How can I run a game server on a computer behind a NAT, if I have another computer not behind a NAT?

  - by Macha

  My home connection is part of a large NAT, outside my control. Inside my home, my router has a NAT, under my control. I control a public facing Linux VPS with one IP address, outside my home network. Ideally, what I'd like to do is set something up so that I connect my home computer to my VPS, and after that port X on my VPS leads to port Y on my home computer, for the purposes of running a game server of a game that does not run under Linux. Is this possible?

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• Does anyone know how to "tcpdump" traffic decrypted by Mallory MITM? [migrated]

  - by chriv

  I'm looking for some help in capturing network traffic that I can analyze in Wireshare (or other tools). The tool I'm using is mallory. If anyone is familiar with mallory, I could use some help. I've got it configured and running correctly, but I don't know how to get the output that I want. The setup is on my private network. I have a VM (running Ubuntu 12.04 - precise) with two NICs: eth0 is on my "real" network eth1 is only on my "fake" network, and is using dnsmasq (for DNS and DHCP for other devices on the "fake" network) Effectively eth0 is the "WAN" on my VM, and eth1 is the "LAN" on my VM. I've setup mallory and iptables to intercept, decrypt, encrypt and rewrite all traffic coming in on destination port 443 on eth1. On the device I want intercepted, I have imported the ca.cer that mallory generated as a trusted root certificate. I need to analyze some strange behavior in the HTTPS stream between the client and server, so that's why mallory is setup in between for this MITM. I would like to take the decrypted HTTPS traffic and dump it to either a logfile or a socket in a format compatible with tcpdump/wireshark (so I can collect it later and analyze it). Running tcpdump on eth1 is too soon (it's encrypted), and running tcpdump on eth2 is too late (it's been re-encrypted). Is there a way to make mallory "tcpdump" the decrypted traffic (in both directions)?

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• Wireless dropouts that only affect subset of devices

  - by jwaddell

  When watching videos streamed over WiFi from a NAS box (D-Link DNS-323) I am getting wireless dropouts. However they only appear to occur when I have left my laptop (Dell Inspiron 9300 running Windows XP SP3) running; the laptop is usually suspended if I'm not using it. The dropouts have occurred when streaming to a Netgear EVA8000 streaming device, and also to a PS3. I'm using a Netgear DG834G as the wireless modem/router. When a dropout occurs I go to the laptop and see that its wireless connection has also dropped out. The odd thing is that my wife's MacBook and my iPhone still maintain their connections. What could be causing this behaviour, and how do I go about fixing it?

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• What is the "in-the-wire" size of a ethernet frame? 1518 or 1542?

  - by chrisapotek

  According to the table here, it says that MTU = 1500 bytes and that the payload part is 1500 - 42 bytes or 1458 bytes (<- this is actually wrong!). Now on top of that you have to add IPv4 and UDP headers, which are 28 bytes (20 IP + 8 UDP). That leaves my maximum possible application message to as 1430 bytes! But by looking for this number in the Internet I see 1472 instead. Am I doing this calculation wrong here? All I want to find out is the maximum application message I can send over the wire without the risk of fragmentation. It is definitely not 1500 because that includes the frame headers. Can someone help? The confusion is the the PAYLOAD can actually be as large as 1500 bytes and that's the MTU. So now what is the size in-the-wire for a payload of 1500? From that table it can be as big as 1542 bytes. So the maximum app messages I can send is 1472 (1500 - 20 (ip) - 8 (udp)) for a maximum in the wire size of 1542. It amazes me how things can get so complicated when they are actually simple. And I have not clue how someone came up with the number 1518 if the table says 1542.

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• VPN software to use internet connection of remote network

  - by eych

  Which software will allow a VPN connection to a remote network and utilize that networks internet connection? Useful for unknown free wi-fi areas to connect to a solid connection elsewhere. Kind of like a remote desktop connection software (e.g. Teamviewer), but you just need internet access.

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• Netgear router is not resolving hostnames

  - by Thomas Clayson

  Not sure what the problem is, but I am used to being able to access other clients on my LAN via their hostname. We got a new router from plusnet (Netgear WNR1000v3) and now this has stopped working. For instance, if I were to run a web server from one computer with the hostname TomPC usually I could go into a browser and type http://TomPC and I would get the web server front page. I can access it by using the LAN ip of the machine. e.g. http://192.168.1.1 works fine. I thought it would be a simple option in the admin panel of the router - possibly I had to turn on DNS/DCHP or something. But I can't see anything, and my searches on the internet seem to turn up ridiculous solutions involving setting up a dedicated DNS server on my LAN. This is just a small home network - really I just want to be able to access my Raspberry PI on the network without having to work out the IP address every time. (I know I could just set a static IP address for it, but using its hostname would be much easier). DCHP is enabled in the LAN settings part, although RIP is disabled (I don't know what the latter is) I don't know if this has anything to do with it? Many thanks!

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• Automount of AFP shares on Lion clients from OS X Snow Leopard server - not working right

  - by Paul

  Recently upgraded Snow Leopard clients to Lion. AFP shares are set up as login items. The network shares on some of the machines now take a long time to come up (10 minutes). Several machines that were upgraded are acting normally, and three machines with clean installs of Lion (not upgraded) are also working normally. Is there a network file causing a conflict on some of these client machines? Thanks, Paul

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• How to find on the Windows 7 who and when use(d) a certain share?

  - by John Thomas

  We have a workstation using Win7 on a LAN with a domain. On that workstation we set up some network shares. Can we find who used (user name and/or computer name) and when the shares? Note that we know about Computer Management System Tools Shared Folders Open Files. We don't want to see so much real-time who's using the shares but we are interested more in a logging solution, ideally interpreting / using the data from Win7's Event Viewer.

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• bridge to share WiFi internet connection over eth0

  - by rubo77

  In this script there is implemented that you create a mesh network and connect other machines to your device to serve an internet connection with dhcp: echo "starting bridge to share internet connection over eth0" ifconfig eth0 up promisc brctl addbr br-freifunk brctl addif br-freifunk bat0 brctl addif br-freifunk eth0 echo "internet starting, this may take some minutes due to latency..." echo "(use" echo "tail -f /var/log/syslog" echo "in another window for debugging)" echo echo dhclient br-freifunk echo "The error 'Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d...' can be ignored:" dhclient br-freifunk # without bridge: dhclient bat0 This works fine with the freifunk-mesh network. But how can I serve internet in a normal case? I would like to connect to any open Wifi I find with my network-manager or wicd (yes, with the graphical GUI) and then start a small script that creates a bridge to my network-out on my laptop I use Ubuntu and my networkcards are eth0 and wlan0

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• 10 System LAN latency with ADSL modem as gateway

  - by itsoft3g

  Recently I expanded LAN in my office from 3 to 10 computers. Structure star topology, one ADSL Modem connected to One Switch which is again connected to 10 computers. Also we have Wifi device Netgear which is connected from switch. ADSL Modem acts as the DHCP Server, all the system will have default gateway IP (ADSL Modem's IP) Network latency is now become very high, All the chat severs disconnect often like google talk, skype etc, also internet become very very slow. when all the computer turned on. We have 4 Mbps Download and 100 Kbps upload Net speed. Its look like ADSL Modem cannot able to handle all the connections. I tried to setup a system as default gateway which will connect to modem, not sure how to do this. Please advice on this.

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• Port knocking via SSH tunnels

  - by j0ker

  I have a server running in my university's internal network. There is only one SSH daemon running which is secured by port knocking with knockd. Works fine if I try to connect from within the internal network. But since the server has no external IP, I have to tunnel into the internal network every time I want to access the server from outside. And since tunneling only works for a single port I cannot do the port knocking as easily as from an internal client. In fact, I don't get it to work at all. What I'm trying is opening tunnels for all the different ports that have to be knocked. Then I send TCP-SYN packets into the tunnels. But that doesn't work even for a single port. If I establish the tunnel on the first port in the knock sequence and send a packet through it, it doesn't reach the server. There is no entry in the log file of knockd, while there should be something like 123.45.67.89: openSSH: Stage 1 (as shown with internal knocks). So I guess, the problem doesn't exist within my knocking script but is a more general one. Are there any known problems with what I'm trying to do? Is it even possible or am I missing something? Thanks in advance!

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• Debian Wheezy, hostapd running but no AP detected by clients

  - by f0o

  I've an TL-WN951N (AR5416+AR5008) using ath9k module running an hostapd and a dhcp for it. So hostapd starts fine: $ hostapd wifi.test Configuration file: wifi.test Using interface int1 with hwaddr f4:ec:38:9b:d4:93 and ssid 'test' hostapd.conf: interface=int1 driver=nl80211 ssid=test channel=1 But nobody seems to find it or being able to see it or connect to it by setting BSSID to 'test'. I'm quite frustrated now, I find 'howto' after 'howto' from people with same chipsets and it always seemed to work out great for them - but not here... iw list even shows up the AP mode being present at the interface... Thanks for your help

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• Can't connect back to the wireless network after the password was changed

  - by 7777

  Family changed the network password and some other network settings after new computers were brought into the house because apparently they wouldn't work with what we had. Actually an off-site tech remotely changed it, and I have no idea what he did. My laptop detects the network (it shows up under available networks) but whenever I try to connect it says: Windows is unable to connect to the selected network. The network may no longer be in range. Please refresh the list of available networks, and try to connect again. I wish I could give more details, config settings, but frankly I have no idea what I'm looking for. This is XP (also, not a password issue, I know the password, it's just that I have no idea where to enter it, etc.)

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• Mangling traffic from a Mikrotik Router

  - by TiernanO

  I have a MikroTik powered Router in the house with a couple of internet connections (2 200/10Mb Cable modems and a 100/20Mb VDSL Line). I am using Mangle rules to set routing marks and NAT rules to do some load balancing, and everything seems to be going grand... But it only works for traffic from outside the router... Let me explain: I have 4 GigE ports on the machine, WAN1,2 and 3, and a LAN port named LAN1. All traffic from LAN1 is getting mangled (as it should be) but traffic from the load router itself (proxy traffic, IPv6 tunnels, VPN connections) are not being mangled. They get the first route to 0.0.0.0/0, which in my case is WAN2, and stick with it. So, how do I get traffic from the local router to be mangled? Originally it was proxy traffic that caused the problem, but now with IPv6 and VPN, they are more important to be mangled... last time i enabled IPv6 traffic, all traffic only went though WAN2, and the rest where unused... Any ideas?

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• Monitoring web sites accessed thru wireless connection

  - by Anand

  Hi, I have shared my internet connection to my neighbour using wireless network. Now I want to know what web sites he/she is accessing thru my internet connection. Please provide me list of free softwares that we can use to do this.

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• Wireless Connection unstable when multiple devices connected

  - by KingIsulgard

  My wireless network works perfectly when only 1 device is connected. Super fast, full strength. But as soon as multiple devices are connected to the wireless network the connections become unstable (constantly losing connection). It's quite annoying. I have a Sitecom Wireless 300N XR Gigabit Router WL-306, which should be a decent router so I'm guessing there must be something wrong with my configuration. Does any of you know what might cause this? Thanks

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• Is the hosts file ignored in windows if DNS Client service is running?

  - by Mnebuerquo

  I've seen a number of articles about how to edit the hosts file in Windows 7, but it's all about how to open notepad as administrator, not the actual behavior of the dns lookups afterward. I've read that the hosts file is ignored in XP SP2 if DNS Client service is running. I have tried this on my XP machine and it seems to be true. I can see how it is a security danger to have a hosts file that user programs could modify. If it could write to hosts, then any malware could spoof dns locally with minimal difficulty. I'm trying to use the hosts file for testing stuff on my local network without it going to the live site on the internet. At the same time I want to be able to use dns on the normal internet. Mostly though I just want to understand the rules on the newer windows systems. Thanks!

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• Limiting bandwith on an Windows 7 machine

  - by Mihai Damian

  I need to limit the bandwidth on my Windows 7 x64 machine. In the past (on XP) I've been able to use NetLimiter for similar tasks. However for some reason I can't get it to work anymore. For lower limits the bandwidth tests are able to exceed the limit by 10-50%; higher limits seem to be ignored completely and the bandwidth tests report download speeds of over 10 times the speed I set. I'm using speedtest.net and some similar service from my ISP for these tests. Anyway, I don't necessarily need a program as complex as NetLimiter since I only need to throttle my machine's bandwidth, not a specific program's. In case you are wondering why in the world I'd want to cripple my Internet speed, there is a funny story behind this. Long story short, my modem gets random disconnects. Tech support comes in, says my Internet speed is abnormally high and I must be using some tools to somehow make it go faster than it's supposed to and this messes up my modem. I check the connection with another computer and it seems that my PC is the only one in my network that gets abnormal speeds. I reinstall my OS, speed looks normal at first, after I install the batch of 50 or so updates, it goes back to abnormally high speeds and the disconnect problems are not solved. Now I don't have a clue if the explanation the tech team gave me was just a strategy to lay the blame on someone else, but I was trying to give them the benefit of the doubt and see what happens if I really reduce my speed to their specification. Any help appreciated.

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• SMTP Client implementation [on hold]

  - by orif

  I'm implementing SMTP client. What should the client do once it already sent the "." at the end of the mail, but didn't receive "250 Ok"? This is how the conversation between the client and server look like: Server Response: 220 www.sample.com ESMTP Postfix Client Sending : HELO domain.com Server Response: 250 Hello domain.com Client Sending : MAIL FROM: <[email protected]> Server Response: 250 Ok Client Sending : RCPT TO: <[email protected]> Server Response: 250 Ok Client Sending : DATA Server Response: 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> Client Sending : Subject: Example Message Client Sending : From: [email protected] Client Sending : To: [email protected] Client Sending : Client Sending : TEST MAIL Client Sending : Client Sending : . Server Response: 250 Ok: queued as 23411 Client Sending : QUIT I'm not sure what should I do if the client sends "." and doesn't receive the 250 Ok - because of possible network error. Was the "." sent or not? Should the client resend the mail - and - maybe - duplicate the item, or not - and risk in losing an important mail item? Thank you.

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• Cisco ASA site-to-site vpn not initiating phase 1 (not sending udp 500 packets)

  - by Sean Steadman

  I am hoping someone here can help me with my problem. I am trying to setup an IPSEC site-to-site VPN between two cisco ASA 5520's in GNS3 (both using 8.4.2). I have been unsuccesful in getting the tunnel up and it appears neither ASA is sending packets out,in regards to phase 1 and phase 2 (tested by using wireshark and seeing NO udp 500 packets). Doing show ipsec sa and such shows nothing. CALIFORNIA(config)# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas FLA-ASA# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas I will attach both configurations in two different pastebin files as to keep this post a bit cleaner. Essentially California side has 172.20.1.0/24 and Florida side has 10.10.10.0/24. California ASA config: http://pastebin.com/v0pngYzF Florida ASA config: http://pastebin.com/E2geybta Please let me know if there is any other vital information that could help. I have gotten IPSEC tunnels to work using openSwan (linux) and cisco routers but cannot for the life of me get ASA IPSEC tunnels to work. The ASDM is out of the question I only use cli. Thanks for any useful help!

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• Setup windows 2012 AD in Hyper-V for a Test environment

  - by hub

  Im trying to setup a Windos 2012 R2 test environment on my work computer (a laptop). I have a AD, DHCP and DNS server on server A, and a client connecting to the doman and that works. The client can ping the AD server and gets a valid IP adress. If I ping google.com from the client I get the IP adress but I dont get any responses (request time out). If i ping google.com from server A it works as it should. Server A have a connection to the Internet through a "external network switch" in hyper-v, which gets its internet from a router and the client is connected to a "internal network switch". May the poblem be that server A is behind a router? Can I make this solution to work regadless the network my laptop is connected to? At home i have one IP adress, at work its a totally different range. What I would like is to use my laptops internet connection, regardless wifi or wired, to act as incomming internet, is this possible?

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• How *NAT* was Implemented in Home Based Routers ? [closed]

  - by Sumit Arora

  Different Types of Home-Based Routers Exist, and those routers provide NAT Feature as well e.g; and most of them are Port Restricted. Q-1 : What kind of Base Softwares Manufactures use to develop NAT Functionality ? Q-2 : Is that Technology Proprietary ? Or some Open-Source used to develop that e.g; Firehol ? Q-3 : I am looking for a software which works exactly like a NAT,and by doing very basic configuration it should work either Symmetric NAT, Port Restricted NAT or Address Restricted NAT ? So that I can test some of my Network Application which are dependent on NAT via this way on same PC ? e.g; I can test my developed ICE Algorithms

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• Network load balancing, efficience and limits?

  - by Vimvq1987

  I'm about to study about NLB on Windows Server 2003. It archives both of my interests now: scalability and high-availability. But I don't know about its power in production environment. Is NLB a efficient solution? How does it implement in real-world? Is it popular? What are its limit? Thank you so much for answering my questions. :)

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• Domain user cannot connect to Exchange

  - by Jeff

  I can login to the local PC and connect to Exchange server - on the same physical network if i log into the domain i cannot connect to the Exchange server. DNS / DHCP all functioning as expected. User has AD account with Domain Admin rights. Quite confusing!

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