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  • Setting up MySQL Cluster 7.0 in Linux

    <b>Linux Admin Zone:</b> "You might know that beginning with MySQL 5.1.24, support for the NDBCLUSTER storage engine was removed from the standard MySQL server binaries built by MySQL. Therefore, here I&#8217;m using MySQL Cluster edition instead of MySQL Community edition."

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  • Delete action on a user management system [migrated]

    - by šljaker
    I'm working on User Management System in ASP.NET MVC3. Administrator/Editor can search, insert, update and delete other users from the system. What should I do when admin/editor clicks on Delete user link? Should I redirect him to new yes/no confirmation page or display some jquery popup window? Should I then redirect him to the home page and display message The user has been successfully deleted from the system, or simple redirection should be just fine?

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  • Common Network Administrator Tools

    - by No Time
    I would like to make a custom clump of Network Admin packages, to be able to carry on a thumb drive, to administer Debian based machines. Examples of what I would include so far: nmap traceroute vnstat zenmap * I know every situation may be different, but I would like to build a toolbox I could bring everywhere, and am looking for advice on other tools which would work. (If there is a similar question, I am fine being directed there)

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  • Find out the clients of your MySQL server

    <b>Linux Admin Zone:</b> "Sometimes in large deployments, there are cases when MySQL server, setup by you long time back which has been in use by multiple teams in your organization, needs some change or update or intrupption in its service and you are in need to know how many clients are there which connects to this server."

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  • Configure a container for using it with juju

    - by jjmerelo
    Is there a way to use juju o LXC containers that have not been created by juju bootstrap? The only configuration options for local containers are the root-dir and the admin-secret, which I understand some service within the container should be able to receive. Looking at the original message where this feature was announced that's probably zookeeper, but still I am not too sure how to do it. Any help will be appreciated.

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  • Top 5 SEO WordPress Plugins For Your Website Design

    If you have browsed through the plugin section of your WordPress admin panel, you'll know there are thousands of useful plugins to help improve your site front end and back end. Here we're going to look at the tools that can help you with your SEO, we all know Google loves WordPress, but how can we get even more out of our blog?

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  • Using the West Wind Web Toolkit to set up AJAX and REST Services

    - by Rick Strahl
    I frequently get questions about which option to use for creating AJAX and REST backends for ASP.NET applications. There are many solutions out there to do this actually, but when I have a choice - not surprisingly - I fall back to my own tools in the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. I've talked a bunch about the 'in-the-box' solutions in the past so for a change in this post I'll talk about the tools that I use in my own and customer applications to handle AJAX and REST based access to service resources using the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. Let me preface this by saying that I like things to be easy. Yes flexible is very important as well but not at the expense of over-complexity. The goal I've had with my tools is make it drop dead easy, with good performance while providing the core features that I'm after, which are: Easy AJAX/JSON Callbacks Ability to return any kind of non JSON content (string, stream, byte[], images) Ability to work with both XML and JSON interchangeably for input/output Access endpoints via POST data, RPC JSON calls, GET QueryString values or Routing interface Easy to use generic JavaScript client to make RPC calls (same syntax, just what you need) Ability to create clean URLS with Routing Ability to use standard ASP.NET HTTP Stack for HTTP semantics It's all about options! In this post I'll demonstrate most of these features (except XML) in a few simple and short samples which you can download. So let's take a look and see how you can build an AJAX callback solution with the West Wind Web Toolkit. Installing the Toolkit Assemblies The easiest and leanest way of using the Toolkit in your Web project is to grab it via NuGet: West Wind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) and drop it into the project by right clicking in your Project and choosing Manage NuGet Packages from anywhere in the Project.   When done you end up with your project looking like this: What just happened? Nuget added two assemblies - Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities and the client ww.jquery.js library. It also added a couple of references into web.config: The default namespaces so they can be accessed in pages/views and a ScriptCompressionModule that the toolkit optionally uses to compress script resources served from within the assembly (namely ww.jquery.js and optionally jquery.js). Creating a new Service The West Wind Web Toolkit supports several ways of creating and accessing AJAX services, but for this post I'll stick to the lower level approach that works from any plain HTML page or of course MVC, WebForms, WebPages. There's also a WebForms specific control that makes this even easier but I'll leave that for another post. So, to create a new standalone AJAX/REST service we can create a new HttpHandler in the new project either as a pure class based handler or as a generic .ASHX handler. Both work equally well, but generic handlers don't require any web.config configuration so I'll use that here. In the root of the project add a Generic Handler. I'm going to call this one StockService.ashx. Once the handler has been created, edit the code and remove all of the handler body code. Then change the base class to CallbackHandler and add methods that have a [CallbackMethod] attribute. Here's the modified base handler implementation now looks like with an added HelloWorld method: using System; using Westwind.Web; namespace WestWindWebAjax { /// <summary> /// Handler implements CallbackHandler to provide REST/AJAX services /// </summary> public class SampleService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } } Notice that the class inherits from CallbackHandler and that the HelloWorld service method is marked up with [CallbackMethod]. We're done here. Services Urlbased Syntax Once you compile, the 'service' is live can respond to requests. All CallbackHandlers support input in GET and POST formats, and can return results as JSON or XML. To check our fancy HelloWorld method we can now access the service like this: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/StockService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick which produces a default JSON response - in this case a string (wrapped in quotes as it's JSON): (note by default JSON will be downloaded by most browsers not displayed - various options are available to view JSON right in the browser) If I want to return the same data as XML I can tack on a &format=xml at the end of the querystring which produces: <string>Hello Rick. Time is: 11/1/2011 12:11:13 PM</string> Cleaner URLs with Routing Syntax If you want cleaner URLs for each operation you can also configure custom routes on a per URL basis similar to the way that WCF REST does. To do this you need to add a new RouteHandler to your application's startup code in global.asax.cs one for each CallbackHandler based service you create: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); } With this code in place you can now add RouteUrl properties to any of your service methods. For the HelloWorld method that doesn't make a ton of sense but here is what a routed clean URL might look like in definition: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/HelloWorld/{name}")] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } The same URL I previously used now becomes a bit shorter and more readable with: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/HelloWorld/Rick It's an easy way to create cleaner URLs and still get the same functionality. Calling the Service with $.getJSON() Since the result produced is JSON you can now easily consume this data using jQuery's getJSON method. First we need a couple of scripts - jquery.js and ww.jquery.js in the page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="Css/Westwind.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="scripts/ww.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> Next let's add a small HelloWorld example form (what else) that has a single textbox to type a name, a button and a div tag to receive the result: <fieldset> <legend>Hello World</legend> Please enter a name: <input type="text" name="txtHello" id="txtHello" value="" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHello" value="Say Hello (POST)" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHelloGet" value="Say Hello (GET)" /> <div id="divHelloMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none;width: 450px;" > </div> </fieldset> Then to call the HelloWorld method a little jQuery is used to hook the document startup and the button click followed by the $.getJSON call to retrieve the data from the server. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnSayHelloGet").click(function () { $.getJSON("SampleService.ashx", { Method: "HelloWorld", name: $("#txtHello").val() }, function (result) { $("#divHelloMessage") .text(result) .fadeIn(1000); }); });</script> .getJSON() expects a full URL to the endpoint of our service, which is the ASHX file. We can either provide a full URL (SampleService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick) or we can just provide the base URL and an object that encodes the query string parameters for us using an object map that has a property that matches each parameter for the server method. We can also use the clean URL routing syntax, but using the object parameter encoding actually is safer as the parameters will get properly encoded by jQuery. The result returned is whatever the result on the server method is - in this case a string. The string is applied to the divHelloMessage element and we're done. Obviously this is a trivial example, but it demonstrates the basics of getting a JSON response back to the browser. AJAX Post Syntax - using ajaxCallMethod() The previous example allows you basic control over the data that you send to the server via querystring parameters. This works OK for simple values like short strings, numbers and boolean values, but doesn't really work if you need to pass something more complex like an object or an array back up to the server. To handle traditional RPC type messaging where the idea is to map server side functions and results to a client side invokation, POST operations can be used. The easiest way to use this functionality is to use ww.jquery.js and the ajaxCallMethod() function. ww.jquery wraps jQuery's AJAX functions and knows implicitly how to call a CallbackServer method with parameters and parse the result. Let's look at another simple example that posts a simple value but returns something more interesting. Let's start with the service method: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.UtcNow.Add(new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0))); StockServer server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); return quote; } This sample utilizes a small StockServer helper class (included in the sample) that downloads a stock quote from Yahoo's financial site via plain HTTP GET requests and formats it into a StockQuote object. Lets create a small HTML block that lets us query for the quote and display it: <fieldset> <legend>Single Stock Quote</legend> Please enter a stock symbol: <input type="text" name="txtSymbol" id="txtSymbol" value="msft" /> <input type="button" id="btnStockQuote" value="Get Quote" /> <div id="divStockDisplay" class="errordisplay" style="display:none; width: 450px;"> <div class="label-left">Company:</div> <div id="stockCompany"></div> <div class="label-left">Last Price:</div> <div id="stockLastPrice"></div> <div class="label-left">Quote Time:</div> <div id="stockQuoteTime"></div> </div> </fieldset> The final result looks something like this:   Let's hook up the button handler to fire the request and fill in the data as shown: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").show().fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, HH:mm EST")); }, onPageError); }); So we point at SampleService.ashx and the GetStockQuote method, passing a single parameter of the input symbol value. Then there are two handlers for success and failure callbacks.  The success handler is the interesting part - it receives the stock quote as a result and assigns its values to various 'holes' in the stock display elements. The data that comes back over the wire is JSON and it looks like this: { "Symbol":"MSFT", "Company":"Microsoft Corpora", "OpenPrice":26.11, "LastPrice":26.01, "NetChange":0.02, "LastQuoteTime":"2011-11-03T02:00:00Z", "LastQuoteTimeString":"Nov. 11, 2011 4:20pm" } which is an object representation of the data. JavaScript can evaluate this JSON string back into an object easily and that's the reslut that gets passed to the success function. The quote data is then applied to existing page content by manually selecting items and applying them. There are other ways to do this more elegantly like using templates, but here we're only interested in seeing how the data is returned. The data in the object is typed - LastPrice is a number and QuoteTime is a date. Note about the date value: JavaScript doesn't have a date literal although the JSON embedded ISO string format used above  ("2011-11-03T02:00:00Z") is becoming fairly standard for JSON serializers. However, JSON parsers don't deserialize dates by default and return them by string. This is why the StockQuote actually returns a string value of LastQuoteTimeString for the same date. ajaxMethodCallback always converts dates properly into 'real' dates and the example above uses the real date value along with a .formatDate() data extension (also in ww.jquery.js) to display the raw date properly. Errors and Exceptions So what happens if your code fails? For example if I pass an invalid stock symbol to the GetStockQuote() method you notice that the code does this: if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); CallbackHandler automatically pushes the exception message back to the client so it's easy to pick up the error message. Regardless of what kind of error occurs: Server side, client side, protocol errors - any error will fire the failure handler with an error object parameter. The error is returned to the client via a JSON response in the error callback. In the previous examples I called onPageError which is a generic routine in ww.jquery that displays a status message on the bottom of the screen. But of course you can also take over the error handling yourself: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); }, function (error, xhr) { $("#divErrorDisplay").text(error.message).fadeIn(1000); }); }); The error object has a isCallbackError, message and  stackTrace properties, the latter of which is only populated when running in Debug mode, and this object is returned for all errors: Client side, transport and server side errors. Regardless of which type of error you get the same object passed (as well as the XHR instance optionally) which makes for a consistent error retrieval mechanism. Specifying HttpVerbs You can also specify HTTP Verbs that are allowed using the AllowedHttpVerbs option on the CallbackMethod attribute: [CallbackMethod(AllowedHttpVerbs=HttpVerbs.GET | HttpVerbs.POST)] public string HelloWorld(string name) { … } If you're building REST style API's this might be useful to force certain request semantics onto the client calling. For the above if call with a non-allowed HttpVerb the request returns a 405 error response along with a JSON (or XML) error object result. The default behavior is to allow all verbs access (HttpVerbs.All). Passing in object Parameters Up to now the parameters I passed were very simple. But what if you need to send something more complex like an object or an array? Let's look at another example now that passes an object from the client to the server. Keeping with the Stock theme here lets add a method called BuyOrder that lets us buy some shares for a stock. Consider the following service method that receives an StockBuyOrder object as a parameter: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStock(StockBuyOrder buyOrder) { var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } public class StockBuyOrder { public string Symbol { get; set; } public int Quantity { get; set; } public DateTime BuyOn { get; set; } public StockBuyOrder() { BuyOn = DateTime.Now; } } This is a contrived do-nothing example that simply echoes back what was passed in, but it demonstrates how you can pass complex data to a callback method. On the client side we now have a very simple form that captures the three values on a form: <fieldset> <legend>Post a Stock Buy Order</legend> Enter a symbol: <input type="text" name="txtBuySymbol" id="txtBuySymbol" value="GLD" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Qty: <input type="text" name="txtBuyQty" id="txtBuyQty" value="10" style="width: 50px" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Buy on: <input type="text" name="txtBuyOn" id="txtBuyOn" value="<%= DateTime.Now.ToString("d") %>" style="width: 70px;" /> <input type="button" id="btnBuyStock" value="Buy Stock" /> <div id="divStockBuyMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none"></div> </fieldset> The completed form and demo then looks something like this:   The client side code that picks up the input values and assigns them to object properties and sends the AJAX request looks like this: $("#btnBuyStock").click(function () { // create an object map that matches StockBuyOrder signature var buyOrder = { Symbol: $("#txtBuySymbol").val(), Quantity: $("#txtBuyQty").val() * 1, // number Entered: new Date() } ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStock", [buyOrder], function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError); }); The code creates an object and attaches the properties that match the server side object passed to the BuyStock method. Each property that you want to update needs to be included and the type must match (ie. string, number, date in this case). Any missing properties will not be set but also not cause any errors. Pass POST data instead of Objects In the last example I collected a bunch of values from form variables and stuffed them into object variables in JavaScript code. While that works, often times this isn't really helping - I end up converting my types on the client and then doing another conversion on the server. If lots of input controls are on a page and you just want to pick up the values on the server via plain POST variables - that can be done too - and it makes sense especially if you're creating and filling the client side object only to push data to the server. Let's add another method to the server that once again lets us buy a stock. But this time let's not accept a parameter but rather send POST data to the server. Here's the server method receiving POST data: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStockPost() { StockBuyOrder buyOrder = new StockBuyOrder(); buyOrder.Symbol = Request.Form["txtBuySymbol"]; ; int qty; int.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyQuantity"], out qty); buyOrder.Quantity = qty; DateTime time; DateTime.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyBuyOn"], out time); buyOrder.BuyOn = time; // Or easier way yet //FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } Clearly we've made this server method take more code than it did with the object parameter. We've basically moved the parameter assignment logic from the client to the server. As a result the client code to call this method is now a bit shorter since there's no client side shuffling of values from the controls to an object. $("#btnBuyStockPost").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStockPost", [], // Note: No parameters - function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError, // Force all page Form Variables to be posted { postbackMode: "Post" }); }); The client simply calls the BuyStockQuote method and pushes all the form variables from the page up to the server which parses them instead. The feature that makes this work is one of the options you can pass to the ajaxCallMethod() function: { postbackMode: "Post" }); which directs the function to include form variable POST data when making the service call. Other options include PostNoViewState (for WebForms to strip out WebForms crap vars), PostParametersOnly (default), None. If you pass parameters those are always posted to the server except when None is set. The above code can be simplified a bit by using the FormVariableBinder helper, which can unbind form variables directly into an object: FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); which replaces the manual Request.Form[] reading code. It receives the object to unbind into, a string of properties to skip, and an optional prefix which is stripped off form variables to match property names. The component is similar to the MVC model binder but it's independent of MVC. Returning non-JSON Data CallbackHandler also supports returning non-JSON/XML data via special return types. You can return raw non-JSON encoded strings like this: [CallbackMethod(ReturnAsRawString=true,ContentType="text/plain")] public string HelloWorldNoJSON(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } Calling this method results in just a plain string - no JSON encoding with quotes around the result. This can be useful if your server handling code needs to return a string or HTML result that doesn't fit well for a page or other UI component. Any string output can be returned. You can also return binary data. Stream, byte[] and Bitmap/Image results are automatically streamed back to the client. Notice that you should set the ContentType of the request either on the CallbackMethod attribute or using Response.ContentType. This ensures the Web Server knows how to display your binary response. Using a stream response makes it possible to return any of data. Streamed data can be pretty handy to return bitmap data from a method. The following is a method that returns a stock history graph for a particular stock over a provided number of years: [CallbackMethod(ContentType="image/png",RouteUrl="stocks/history/graph/{symbol}/{years}")] public Stream GetStockHistoryGraph(string symbol, int years = 2,int width = 500, int height=350) { if (width == 0) width = 500; if (height == 0) height = 350; StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockHistoryGraph(symbol,"Stock History for " + symbol,width,height,years); } I can now hook this up into the JavaScript code when I get a stock quote. At the end of the process I can assign the URL to the service that returns the image into the src property and so force the image to display. Here's the changed code: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { var symbol = $("#txtSymbol").val(); ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [symbol], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); // display a stock chart $("#imgStockHistory").attr("src", "stocks/history/graph/" + symbol + "/2"); },onPageError); }); The resulting output then looks like this: The charting code uses the new ASP.NET 4.0 Chart components via code to display a bar chart of the 2 year stock data as part of the StockServer class which you can find in the sample download. The ability to return arbitrary data from a service is useful as you can see - in this case the chart is clearly associated with the service and it's nice that the graph generation can happen off a handler rather than through a page. Images are common resources, but output can also be PDF reports, zip files for downloads etc. which is becoming increasingly more common to be returned from REST endpoints and other applications. Why reinvent? Obviously the examples I've shown here are pretty basic in terms of functionality. But I hope they demonstrate the core features of AJAX callbacks that you need to work through in most applications which is simple: return data, send back data and potentially retrieve data in various formats. While there are other solutions when it comes down to making AJAX callbacks and servicing REST like requests, I like the flexibility my home grown solution provides. Simply put it's still the easiest solution that I've found that addresses my common use cases: AJAX JSON RPC style callbacks Url based access XML and JSON Output from single method endpoint XML and JSON POST support, querystring input, routing parameter mapping UrlEncoded POST data support on callbacks Ability to return stream/raw string data Essentially ability to return ANYTHING from Service and pass anything All these features are available in various solutions but not together in one place. I've been using this code base for over 4 years now in a number of projects both for myself and commercial work and it's served me extremely well. Besides the AJAX functionality CallbackHandler provides, it's also an easy way to create any kind of output endpoint I need to create. Need to create a few simple routines that spit back some data, but don't want to create a Page or View or full blown handler for it? Create a CallbackHandler and add a method or multiple methods and you have your generic endpoints.  It's a quick and easy way to add small code pieces that are pretty efficient as they're running through a pretty small handler implementation. I can have this up and running in a couple of minutes literally without any setup and returning just about any kind of data. Resources Download the Sample NuGet: Westwind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) ajaxCallMethod() Documentation Using the AjaxMethodCallback WebForms Control West Wind Web Toolkit Home Page West Wind Web Toolkit Source Code © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  jQuery  AJAX   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • In C what is the difference between null and a new line character? Guys help please [migrated]

    - by Siddhartha Gurjala
    Whats the conceptual difference and similarity between NULL and a newline character i.e between '\0' and '\n' Explain their relevance for both integer and character data type variables and arrays? For reference here is an example snippets of a program to read and write a 2d char array PROGRAM CODE 1: int main() { char sort(),stuname(),swap(),(*p)(),(*q)(); int n; p=stuname; q=swap; printf("Let the number of students in the class be \n"); scanf("%d",&n); fflush(stdin); sort(p,q,n); return 0; } char sort(p1,q1,n1) char (*p1)(),(*q1)(); int n1; { (*p1)(n1); (*q1)(); } char stuname(int nos) // number of students { char name[nos][256]; int i,j; printf("Reading names of %d students started--->\n\n",nos); name[0][0]='k'; //initialising as non NULL charecter for(i=0;i<nos;i++) // nos=number of students { printf("Give name of student %d\n",i); for(j=0;j<256;j++) { scanf("%c",&name[i][j]); if(name[i][j]=='\n') { name[i][j]='\0'; j=257; } } } printf("\n\nWriting student names:\n\n"); for(i=0;i<nos;i++) { for(j=0;j<256&&name[i][j]!='\0';j++) { printf("%c",name[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } } char swap() { printf("Will swap shortly after getting clarity on scanf and %c"); } The above code is working good where as the same logic given with slight diff is not giving appropriate output. Here's the code PROGRAM CODE 2: #include<stdio.h> int main() { char sort(),stuname(),swap(),(*p)(),(*q)(); int n; p=stuname; q=swap; printf("Let the number of students in the class be \n"); scanf("%d",&n); fflush(stdin); sort(p,q,n); return 0; } char sort(p1,q1,n1) char (*p1)(),(*q1)(); int n1; { (*p1)(n1); (*q1)(); } char stuname(int nos) // number of students { char name[nos][256]; int i,j; printf("Reading names of %d students started--->\n\n",nos); name[0][0]='k'; //initialising as non NULL charecter for(i=0;i<nos;i++) // nos=number of students { printf("Give name of student %d\n",i); ***for(j=0;j<256&&name[i][j]!='\0';j++)*** { scanf("%c",&name[i][j]); /*if(name[i][j]=='\n') { name[i][j]='\0'; j=257; }*/ } } printf("\n\nWriting student names:\n\n"); for(i=0;i<nos;i++) { for(j=0;j<256&&name[i][j]!='\0';j++) { printf("%c",name[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } } char swap() { printf("Will swap shortly after getting clarity on scanf and %c"); } Here one more instance of same program not giving proper output given below PROGRAM CODE 3: #include<stdio.h> int main() { char sort(),stuname(),swap(),(*p)(),(*q)(); int n; p=stuname; q=swap; printf("Let the number of students in the class be \n"); scanf("%d",&n); fflush(stdin); sort(p,q,n); return 0; } char sort(p1,q1,n1) char (*p1)(),(*q1)(); int n1; { (*p1)(n1); (*q1)(); } char stuname(int nos) // number of students { char name[nos][256]; int i,j; printf("Reading names of %d students started--->\n\n",nos); name[0][0]='k'; //initialising as non NULL charecter for(i=0;i<nos;i++) // nos=number of students { printf("Give name of student %d\n",i); ***for(j=0;j<256&&name[i][j]!='\n';j++)*** { scanf("%c",&name[i][j]); /*if(name[i][j]=='\n') { name[i][j]='\0'; j=257; }*/ } name[i][i]='\0'; } printf("\n\nWriting student names:\n\n"); for(i=0;i<nos;i++) { for(j=0;j<256&&name[i][j]!='\0';j++) { printf("%c",name[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } } char swap() { printf("Will swap shortly after getting clarity on scanf and %c"); } Why the program code 2 and program code 3 are not working as expected as that of the code 1?

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  • Joins in single-table queries

    - by Rob Farley
    Tables are only metadata. They don’t store data. I’ve written something about this before, but I want to take a viewpoint of this idea around the topic of joins, especially since it’s the topic for T-SQL Tuesday this month. Hosted this time by Sebastian Meine (@sqlity), who has a whole series on joins this month. Good for him – it’s a great topic. In that last post I discussed the fact that we write queries against tables, but that the engine turns it into a plan against indexes. My point wasn’t simply that a table is actually just a Clustered Index (or heap, which I consider just a special type of index), but that data access always happens against indexes – never tables – and we should be thinking about the indexes (specifically the non-clustered ones) when we write our queries. I described the scenario of looking up phone numbers, and how it never really occurs to us that there is a master list of phone numbers, because we think in terms of the useful non-clustered indexes that the phone companies provide us, but anyway – that’s not the point of this post. So a table is metadata. It stores information about the names of columns and their data types. Nullability, default values, constraints, triggers – these are all things that define the table, but the data isn’t stored in the table. The data that a table describes is stored in a heap or clustered index, but it goes further than this. All the useful data is going to live in non-clustered indexes. Remember this. It’s important. Stop thinking about tables, and start thinking about indexes. So let’s think about tables as indexes. This applies even in a world created by someone else, who doesn’t have the best indexes in mind for you. I’m sure you don’t need me to explain Covering Index bit – the fact that if you don’t have sufficient columns “included” in your index, your query plan will either have to do a Lookup, or else it’ll give up using your index and use one that does have everything it needs (even if that means scanning it). If you haven’t seen that before, drop me a line and I’ll run through it with you. Or go and read a post I did a long while ago about the maths involved in that decision. So – what I’m going to tell you is that a Lookup is a join. When I run SELECT CustomerID FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader WHERE SalesPersonID = 285; against the AdventureWorks2012 get the following plan: I’m sure you can see the join. Don’t look in the query, it’s not there. But you should be able to see the join in the plan. It’s an Inner Join, implemented by a Nested Loop. It’s pulling data in from the Index Seek, and joining that to the results of a Key Lookup. It clearly is – the QO wouldn’t call it that if it wasn’t really one. It behaves exactly like any other Nested Loop (Inner Join) operator, pulling rows from one side and putting a request in from the other. You wouldn’t have a problem accepting it as a join if the query were slightly different, such as SELECT sod.OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS soh JOIN Sales.SalesOrderDetail as sod on sod.SalesOrderID = soh.SalesOrderID WHERE soh.SalesPersonID = 285; Amazingly similar, of course. This one is an explicit join, the first example was just as much a join, even thought you didn’t actually ask for one. You need to consider this when you’re thinking about your queries. But it gets more interesting. Consider this query: SELECT SalesOrderID FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader WHERE SalesPersonID = 276 AND CustomerID = 29522; It doesn’t look like there’s a join here either, but look at the plan. That’s not some Lookup in action – that’s a proper Merge Join. The Query Optimizer has worked out that it can get the data it needs by looking in two separate indexes and then doing a Merge Join on the data that it gets. Both indexes used are ordered by the column that’s indexed (one on SalesPersonID, one on CustomerID), and then by the CIX key SalesOrderID. Just like when you seek in the phone book to Farley, the Farleys you have are ordered by FirstName, these seek operations return the data ordered by the next field. This order is SalesOrderID, even though you didn’t explicitly put that column in the index definition. The result is two datasets that are ordered by SalesOrderID, making them very mergeable. Another example is the simple query SELECT CustomerID FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader WHERE SalesPersonID = 276; This one prefers a Hash Match to a standard lookup even! This isn’t just ordinary index intersection, this is something else again! Just like before, we could imagine it better with two whole tables, but we shouldn’t try to distinguish between joining two tables and joining two indexes. The Query Optimizer can see (using basic maths) that it’s worth doing these particular operations using these two less-than-ideal indexes (because of course, the best indexese would be on both columns – a composite such as (SalesPersonID, CustomerID – and it would have the SalesOrderID column as part of it as the CIX key still). You need to think like this too. Not in terms of excusing single-column indexes like the ones in AdventureWorks2012, but in terms of having a picture about how you’d like your queries to run. If you start to think about what data you need, where it’s coming from, and how it’s going to be used, then you will almost certainly write better queries. …and yes, this would include when you’re dealing with regular joins across multiples, not just against joins within single table queries.

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  • Unexpected behaviour with glFramebufferTexture1D

    - by Roshan
    I am using render to texture concept with glFramebufferTexture1D. I am drawing a cube on non-default FBO with all the vertices as -1,1 (maximum) in X Y Z direction. Now i am setting viewport to X while rendering on non default FBO. My background is blue with white color of cube. For default FBO, i have created 1-D texture and attached this texture to above FBO with color attachment. I am setting width of texture equal to width*height of above FBO view-port. Now, when i render this texture to on another cube, i can see continuous white color on start or end of each face of the cube. That means part of the face is white and rest is blue. I am not sure whether this behavior is correct or not. I expect all the texels should be white as i am using -1 and 1 coordinates for cube rendered on non-default FBO. code: #define WIDTH 3 #define HEIGHT 3 GLfloat vertices8[]={ 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, -1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f,//face 1 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f,//face 2 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f,//face 3 -1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, -1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f,//face 4 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,//face 5 -1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f//face 6 }; GLfloat vertices[]= { 0.5f,0.5f,0.5f, -0.5f,0.5f,0.5f, -0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f,//face 1 0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f, 0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f,//face 2 0.5f,0.5f,0.5f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f, 0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, 0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f,//face 3 -0.5f,0.5f,0.5f, -0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f,//face 4 0.5f,0.5f,0.5f, 0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,0.5f,-0.5f, -0.5f,0.5f,0.5f,//face 5 -0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f, -0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, 0.5f,-0.5f,-0.5f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.5f//face 6 }; GLuint indices[] = { 0, 2, 1, 0, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 14, 12, 14, 13, 16, 17, 18, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 22, 20, 22, 21 }; GLfloat texcoord[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 }; glGenTextures(1, &id1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_1D, id1); glGenFramebuffers(1, &Fboid); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_1D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_1D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_1D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage1D(GL_TEXTURE_1D, 0, GL_RGBA, WIDTH*HEIGHT , 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,0); glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, Fboid); glFramebufferTexture1D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER,GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,GL_TEXTURE_1D,id1,0); draw_cube(); glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); draw(); } draw_cube() { glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT); glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glEnableVertexAttribArray(glGetAttribLocation(temp.psId,"position")); glVertexAttribPointer(glGetAttribLocation(temp.psId,"position"), 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0,vertices8); glDrawArrays (GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 24); } draw() { glClearColor(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glClearDepth(1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glEnableVertexAttribArray(glGetAttribLocation(shader_data.psId,"tk_position")); glVertexAttribPointer(glGetAttribLocation(shader_data.psId,"tk_position"), 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0,vertices); nResult = GL_ERROR_CHECK((GL_NO_ERROR, "glVertexAttribPointer(position, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0,vertices);")); glEnableVertexAttribArray(glGetAttribLocation(shader_data.psId,"inputtexcoord")); glVertexAttribPointer(glGetAttribLocation(shader_data.psId,"inputtexcoord"), 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0,texcoord); glBindTexture(*target11, id1); glDrawElements ( GL_TRIANGLES, 36,GL_UNSIGNED_INT, indices ); when i change WIDTH=HEIGHT=2, and call a glreadpixels with height, width equal to 4 in draw_cube() i can see first 2 pixels with white color, next two with blue(glclearcolor), next two white and then blue and so on.. Now when i change width parameter in glTeximage1D to 16 then ideally i should see alternate patches of white and blue right? But its not the case here. why so?

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  • Organization &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 5

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Describe the operation of a memory cell Explain the difference between DRAM and SRAM Discuss the different types of ROM Explain the concepts of a hard failure and a soft error respectively Describe SDRAM organization Semiconductor Main Memory The two traditional forms of RAM used in computers are DRAM and SRAM DRAM (Dynamic RAM) Divided into two technologies… Dynamic Static Dynamic RAM is made with cells that store data as charge on capacitors. The presence or absence of charge in a capacitor is interpreted as a binary 1 or 0. Because capacitors have natural tendency to discharge, dynamic RAM requires periodic charge refreshing to maintain data storage. The term dynamic refers to the tendency of the stored charge to leak away, even with power continuously applied. Although the DRAM cell is used to store a single bit (0 or 1), it is essentially an analogue device. The capacitor can store any charge value within a range, a threshold value determines whether the charge is interpreted as a 1 or 0. SRAM (Static RAM) SRAM is a digital device that uses the same logic elements used in the processor. In SRAM, binary values are stored using traditional flip flop logic configurations. SRAM will hold its data as along as power is supplied to it. Unlike DRAM, no refresh is required to retain data. SRAM vs. DRAM DRAM is simpler and smaller than SRAM. Thus it is more dense and less expensive than SRAM. The cost of the refreshing circuitry for DRAM needs to be considered, but if the machine requires a large amount of memory, DRAM turns out to be cheaper than SRAM. SRAMS are somewhat faster than DRAM, thus SRAM is generally used for cache memory and DRAM is used for main memory. Types of ROM Read Only Memory (ROM) contains a permanent pattern of data that cannot be changed. ROM is non volatile meaning no power source is required to maintain the bit values in memory. While it is possible to read a ROM, it is not possible to write new data into it. An important application of ROM is microprogramming, other applications include library subroutines for frequently wanted functions, System programs, Function tables. A ROM is created like any other integrated circuit chip, with the data actually wired into the chip as part of the fabrication process. To reduce costs of fabrication, we have PROMS. PROMS are… Written only once Non-volatile Written after fabrication Another variation of ROM is the read-mostly memory, which is useful for applications in which read operations are far more frequent than write operations, but for which non volatile storage is required. There are three common forms of read-mostly memory, namely… EPROM EEPROM Flash memory Error Correction Semiconductor memory is subject to errors, which can be classed into two categories… Hard failure – Permanent physical defect so that the memory cell or cells cannot reliably store data Soft failure – Random error that alters the contents of one or more memory cells without damaging the memory (common cause includes power supply issues, etc.) Most modern main memory systems include logic for both detecting and correcting errors. Error detection works as follows… When data is to be read into memory, a calculation is performed on the data to produce a code Both the code and the data are stored When the previously stored word is read out, the code is used to detect and possibly correct errors The error checking provides one of 3 possible results… No errors are detected – the fetched data bits are sent out An error is detected, and it is possible to correct the error. The data bits plus error correction bits are fed into a corrector, which produces a corrected set of bits to be sent out An error is detected, but it is not possible to correct it. This condition is reported Hamming Code See wiki for detailed explanation. We will probably need to know how to do a hemming code – refer to the textbook (pg. 188 – 189) Advanced DRAM organization One of the most critical system bottlenecks when using high-performance processors is the interface to main memory. This interface is the most important pathway in the entire computer system. The basic building block of main memory remains the DRAM chip. In recent years a number of enhancements to the basic DRAM architecture have been explored, and some of these are now on the market including… SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) DDR-DRAM RDRAM SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) SDRAM exchanges data with the processor synchronized to an external clock signal and running at the full speed of the processor/memory bus without imposing wait states. SDRAM employs a burst mode to eliminate the address setup time and row and column line precharge time after the first access In burst mode a series of data bits can be clocked out rapidly after the first bit has been accessed SDRAM has a multiple bank internal architecture that improves opportunities for on chip parallelism SDRAM performs best when it is transferring large blocks of data serially There is now an enhanced version of SDRAM known as double data rate SDRAM or DDR-SDRAM that overcomes the once-per-cycle limitation of SDRAM

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  • Oracle GoldenGate 12c - Leading Enterprise Replication

    - by Doug Reid
    Oracle GoldenGate 12c released  on October 17th and includes several new cutting edge features that firmly establishes GoldenGate's leader position in the data replication space.   In fact, this release more than doubles the performance of data delivery, supports Oracle's new multitenant database feature,  it's more secure, has more options for high availability, and has made great strides to simplify the configuration and deployment of the product.     Read through the press release if you haven't already and do not miss the quote from Cern's Eva Dafonte Perez, regarding Oracle GoldenGate 12c "….performs five times faster compared to previous GoldenGate versions and simplifies the management of a multi-tier environment" There are a variety of new and improved features in the Oracle GoldenGate 12c.  Here are the highlights: Optimized for Oracle Database 12c -  GoldenGate 12c is custom tailored to the unique capabilities of Oracle database 12c and out of the box GoldenGate 12c supports multitenant (pluggable database (PDB)) and non-consolidated deployments of Oracle Database 12c.   The naming convention used by database 12c is now in three parts (PDB-name, schema-name, and object name).  We have made changes to the GoldenGate capture process to support the new naming convention and streamlined the whole process so a single GoldenGate capture process is being used at the container level rather than at each individual PDB.  By having the capture process at the container level resource usage and the number of processes are reduced. To view a conceptual architecture diagram click here. Integrated Delivery for the Oracle Database - Leveraging a lightweight streaming API built exclusively for Oracle GoldenGate 12c, this process distributes load, auto tunes the degree of parallelism, scales better, and delivers blinding rates of changed data delivery to the Oracle database.  One of the goals for Oracle GoldenGate 12c was to reduce IT costs by simplifying the configuration and reduce the time to manage complex infrastructures.  In previous versions of Oracle GoldenGate, customers would split transaction loads by grouping tables into multiple different delivery processes (click here to view the previous method). Each delivery process executed independently and without any interaction or knowledge of other delivery processes.  This setup was complicated to configure and time consuming as the developer needed in-depth knowledge of the source and target schemas and the transaction profile. With GoldenGate 12c and Integrated Delivery we have made it easier to configure and faster to deploy.  To view a conceptual architecture diagram of integrated delivery click here Coordinated Delivery for Non-Oracle Databases - Coordinated Delivery orchestrates high-speed apply processes and simplifies the configuration of GoldenGate for non-Oracle targets. In Oracle GoldenGate 12c a single delivery process is used with multiple threads (click here) and key events, such as primary key updates, event markers, DDL, etc, are coordinated between the various threads to insure that the transactions are applied in the same sequence as they were captured, all while delivery improved performance.  Replication Between On-Premises and Cloud-Based systems. - The trend for business to utilize both on-premises and cloud-based systems is rising and businesses need to replicate data back and forth.   GoldenGate 12c can be configured in a variety of ways to provide real-time replication when unrestricted or restricted (limited ports or HTTP tunneling) networks are between on-premises and cloud-based systems.    Expanded Heterogeneity - It wouldn't be a GoldenGate release without new and improved platform support.   Release 1 includes support for MySQL 5.6 and Sybase 15.7.   Upcoming in the next release GoldenGate, support will be expanded for MS SQL Server, DB2, and Teradata. Tighter Security - Oracle GoldenGate 12c is integrated with the Oracle wallet to shield usernames and passwords using strong encryption and aliases.   Customers accustomed to using the Oracle Wallet with other Oracle products will instantly be familiar with how to use this great new feature Expanded Oracle Application and Technology Support -   GoldenGate can be used along with Oracle Coherence to enable real-time changed data feeds to the Coherence cache using Toplink and the Oracle GoldenGate JMS adapter.     Plus,  Oracle Advanced Customer Services (ACS) now offers a low downtime E-Business Suite platform and database migrations using GoldenGate as the enabling technology.  Keep tuned for more blogs on the new features and the upcoming launch webcast where we will go into these new features in more detail.   In the mean time make sure to read through our white paper "Oracle GoldenGate 12c Release 1 New Features Overview"

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  • In 3D camera math, calculate what Z depth is pixel unity for a given FOV

    - by badweasel
    I am working in iOS and OpenGL ES 2.0. Through trial and error I've figured out a frustum to where at a specific z depth pixels drawn are 1 to 1 with my source textures. So 1 pixel in my texture is 1 pixel on the screen. For 2d games this is good. Of course it means that I also factor in things like the size of the quad and the size of the texture. For example if my sprite is a quad 32x32 pixels. The quad size is 3.2 units wide and tall. And the texcoords are 32 / the size of the texture wide and tall. Then the frustum is: matrixFrustum(-(float)backingWidth/frustumScale,(float)backingWidth/frustumScale, -(float)backingHeight/frustumScale, (float)backingHeight/frustumScale, 40, 1000, mProjection); Where frustumScale is 800 for a retina screen. Then at a distance of 800 from camera the sprite is pixel for pixel the same as photoshop. For 3d games sometimes I still want to be able to do this. But depending on the scene I sometimes need the FOV to be different things. I'm looking for a way to figure out what Z depth will achieve this same pixel unity for a given FOV. For this my mProjection is set using: matrixPerspective(cameraFOV, near, far, (float)backingWidth / (float)backingHeight, mProjection); With testing I found that at an FOV of 45.0 a Z of 38.5 is very close to pixel unity. And at an FOV of 30.0 a Z of 59.5 is about right. But how can I calculate a value that is spot on? Here's my matrixPerspecitve code: void matrixPerspective(float angle, float near, float far, float aspect, mat4 m) { //float size = near * tanf(angle / 360.0 * M_PI); float size = near * tanf(degreesToRadians(angle) / 2.0); float left = -size, right = size, bottom = -size / aspect, top = size / aspect; // Unused values in perspective formula. m[1] = m[2] = m[3] = m[4] = 0; m[6] = m[7] = m[12] = m[13] = m[15] = 0; // Perspective formula. m[0] = 2 * near / (right - left); m[5] = 2 * near / (top - bottom); m[8] = (right + left) / (right - left); m[9] = (top + bottom) / (top - bottom); m[10] = -(far + near) / (far - near); m[11] = -1; m[14] = -(2 * far * near) / (far - near); } And my mView is set using: lookAtMatrix(cameraPos, camLookAt, camUpVector, mView); * UPDATE * I'm going to leave this here in case anyone has a different solution, can explain how they do it, or why this works. This is what I figured out. In my system I use a 10th scale unit to pixels on non-retina displays and a 20th scale on retina displays. The iPhone is 640 pixels wide on retina and 320 pixels wide on non-retina (obsolete). So if I want something to be the full screen width I divide by 20 to get the OpenGL unit width. Then divide that by 2 to get the left and right unit position. Something 32 units wide centered on the screen goes from -16 to +16. Believe it or not I have an excel spreadsheet do all this math for me and output all the vertex data for my sprite sheet. It's an arbitrary thing I made up to do .1 units = 1 non-retina pixel or 2 retina pixels. I could have made it .01 units = 2 pixels and someday I might switch to that. But for now it's the other. So the width of the screen in units is 32.0, and that means the left most pixel is at -16.0 and the right most is at 16.0. After messing a bit I figured out that if I take the [0] value of an identity modelViewProjection matrix and multiply it by 16 I get the depth required to get 1:1 pixels. I don't know why. I don't know if the 16 is related to the screen size or just a lucky guess. But I did a test where I placed a sprite at that calculated depth and varied the FOV through all the valid values and the object stays steady on screen with 1:1 pixels. So now I'm just calculating the unityDepth that way. If someone gives me a better answer I'll checkmark it.

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  • Getting client denied when accessing a wsgi graphite script

    - by Dr BDO Adams
    I'm trying to set up graphite on my Mac OS X 10.7 lion, i've set up apache to call the python graphite script via WSGI, but when i try to access it, i get a forbiden from apache and in the error log. "client denied by server configuration: /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite.wsgi" I've checked that the scripts location is allowed in httpd.conf, and the permissions of the file, but they seem correct. What do i have to do to get access. Below is the httpd.conf, which is nearly the graphite example. <IfModule !wsgi_module.c> LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so </IfModule> WSGISocketPrefix /usr/local/apache/run/wigs <VirtualHost _default_:*> ServerName graphite DocumentRoot "/opt/graphite/webapp" ErrorLog /opt/graphite/storage/log/webapp/error.log CustomLog /opt/graphite/storage/log/webapp/access.log common WSGIDaemonProcess graphite processes=5 threads=5 display-name='%{GROUP}' inactivity-timeout=120 WSGIProcessGroup graphite WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} WSGIImportScript /opt/graphite/conf/graphite.wsgi process-group=graphite application-group=%{GLOBAL} # XXX You will need to create this file! There is a graphite.wsgi.example # file in this directory that you can safely use, just copy it to graphite.wgsi WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite.wsgi Alias /content/ /opt/graphite/webapp/content/ <Location "/content/"> SetHandler None </Location> # XXX In order for the django admin site media to work you Alias /media/ "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site- packages/django/contrib/admin/media/" <Location "/media/"> SetHandler None </Location> # The graphite.wsgi file has to be accessible by apache. <Directory "/opt/graphite/webapp/"> Options +ExecCGI Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> Can you help?

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  • OSX - User home directories shared via NFS

    - by Hugh
    Hi, I've run into some problems with how I've got user home directories set up on our system here. Our server is an XServe, using Open Directory to manage the user accounts. The majority of our workstations are OSX, but there are a few running Linux (Centos 5.3), and, as time goes on, we expect the proportion of Linux workstations to increase (at some point, we expect to move the server side over to Linux too, but for now we're running with what we've already got) To ensure that the Linux and OSX workstations both see user's home directories in the same place, I shared the home directories using NFS. On the server end, the home directories are stored in: /Volumes/data/company_users This is mounted on the workstations to: /mount/company_users This work fine on the Linux workstations, but there is some weirdness under OSX. For the user who is logged in through the GUI, it all works just fine. However, if a user tries to SSH into a machine that they are not the primary user on, they often have no access to their own home directory. It looks as though OSX is trying to do something else to the user home directories mount point when you log in through the GUI.... For example, on this machine (nv001), I (hugh) am logged into the GUI. Last login: Mon Mar 8 18:17:52 on ttys011 [nv001:~] hugh% ls -al /mount/company_users total 40 drwxrwxrwx 26 hugh wheel 840 27 Jan 19:09 . drwxr-xr-x 6 admin admin 204 19 Dec 18:36 .. drwx------+ 128 hugh staff 4308 27 Feb 23:36 hugh drwx------+ 26 matt staff 840 4 Dec 14:14 matt [nv001:~] hugh% So Matt's home directory is accessible to him. However, if I try to switch to him: [nv001:~] hugh% su - matt Password: su: no directory [nv001:~] hugh% Or: [nv001:~] hugh% su matt Password: tcsh: Permission denied tcsh: Trying to start from "/mount/company_users/matt" tcsh: Trying to start from "/" [nv001:/] matt% Does anyone have any idea why it might be doing this? It's causing me all sorts of problems at the moment... The only machine that I can successfully switch users at the moment is the server that the user directories are stored on, where /mount/company_users is actually just a symlink to /Volumes/data/company_users Thanks

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  • Can't successfully run Sharepoint Foundation 2010 first time configuration

    - by Robert Koritnik
    I'm trying to run the non-GUI version of configuration wizard using power shell because I would like to set config and admin database names. GUI wizard doesn't give you all possible options for configuration. I run this command: New-SPConfigurationDatabase -DatabaseName "Sharepoint2010Config" -DatabaseServer "developer.pleiado.pri" -AdministrationContentDatabaseName "Sharepoint2010Admin" -DatabaseCredentials (Get-Credential) -Passphrase (ConvertTo-SecureString "%h4r3p0int" -AsPlainText -Force) Of course all these are in the same line. I've broken them down into separate lines to make it easier to read. When I run this command I get this error: New-SPConfigurationDatabase : Cannot connect to database master at SQL server a t developer.pleiado.pri. The database might not exist, or the current user does not have permission to connect to it. At line:1 char:28 + New-SPConfigurationDatabase <<<< -DatabaseName "Sharepoint2010Config" -Datab aseServer "developer.pleiado.pri" -AdministrationContentDatabaseName "Sharepoint 2010Admin" -DatabaseCredentials (Get-Credential) -Passphrase (ConvertTo-SecureS tring "%h4r3p0int" -AsPlainText -Force) + CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (Microsoft.Share...urationDatabase: SPCmdletNewSPConfigurationDatabase) [New-SPConfigurationDatabase], SPExcep tion + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell.SPCmdletNewSPCon figurationDatabase I created two domain accounts: SPF_DATABASE - database account SPF_ADMIN - farm account I'm running powershell console as domain administrator. I've tried to run SQL Management studio as domain admin and created a dummy database and it worked wothout a problem. I'm running: Windows 7 x64 on the machine where Sharepoint Foundation 2010 should be installed and also has preinstalled SQL Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2008 R2 Server Core is my domain controller I've installed Sharepoint according to MS guides http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee554869%28office.14%29.aspx installing all additional patches that are related to my configuration. Any ideas what should I do to make it work?

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  • Windows 7 Folder Redirection (GPO)

    - by Kev
    Hi - I have been fighting this issue for a day or two now, so I am looking for some insight. I am taking over admin duties in a domain of 800 users, and the previous admins really did not employ much of any GPO settings for the clients of the Domain. In each site, there is a location on the file server where "Home" folders were manually created. EX: \server\home\enduser Whenever a user got a machine, the admin would manually right-click on the "My Documents" folder and manually enter the path to the home folder. We are planning to start putting Windows 7 machines on the Network, and I am wanting to automate as much as I can, everything that was not done in the past. Since everyone has exising "Home" folders I have been fighting and trying to get Folder Redirection to work with a new Windows 7 machine (In a Test OU). I am getting all kinds of errors and I can't get the Windows 7 "Documents" folder to redirect to the users EXISTING home folders. As I stated earlier, all of the Home folders were (and still are) manually created on the File Server and are set with the following Security permissions - Domain Admins - Full Control euser (end user) - Modify (Everything but Full) Can someone point me in the right direction on the proper setting to put in the Folder Redirection GPO to get this to work with the Existing Home folders. I can't seem to make it work but I will keep trying. Thanks In Advance !

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  • Cannot run "Automation Anywhere" exe files from console (session 0) on Windows Server 2003 64 bit

    - by Tyler
    I have a simple exe created from an Automation Anywhere task that displays a message box saying hello world. I created this simple exe just for debugging the following issue. When I log in to the console (session 0), and run the Automation Anywhere created executable, it starts to run the task, it shows up in the applications and processes list in the task manager and it shows the two "loading..." windows briefly on the screen, just like normal. But after that, nothing happens... the "hello world" message does not show up. The exe is done and is removed from the application and process list in the task manager. The user I am logged in as, has admin rights and the machine uses "autologin" to automatically log in using this profile when it starts up. If I right click on the exe and "run as" another admin user, the exe runs properly, showing the "hello world" message. Also, if I log into the server in a new session, with the original user (the one that has the problems in session 0), and then run the exe, it runs properly and shows the "hello world". It works fine in any session other than the console session. There is something about the console session that is causing the exe not to run properly... even though it does appear to start running the exe. I should also mention that everything was working fine until Monday at midnight, after which none of the executables could be run successfully. Nothing was changed on the server and no updates were installed. I have since installed windows updates, but that didn't change anything. Looking for some advice on how to get these executables working in the console session again. Thanks!

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  • WebLogic embedded LDAP crashes

    - by Spiff
    Our production admin server (WebLogic 10.3.5 running on Solaris 10) crashes from time to time. Logs show tons of these errors (several each minute): <1-Jun-2012 2:28:34 o'clock AM EDT> <Critical> <EmbeddedLDAP> <BEA-000000> <java.lang.NullPointerException at weblogic.socket.DevPollSocketMuxer.cleanupSocket(DevPollSocketMuxer.java:150) at weblogic.socket.DevPollSocketMuxer.cancelIo(DevPollSocketMuxer.java:166) at weblogic.socket.SocketMuxer.deliverExceptionAndCleanup(SocketMuxer.java:836) at weblogic.socket.SocketMuxer.deliverEndOfStream(SocketMuxer.java:760) at weblogic.ldap.MuxableSocketLDAP$LDAPSocket.close(MuxableSocketLDAP.java:128) at com.octetstring.vde.Connection.close(Connection.java:166) at com.octetstring.vde.WorkThread.executeWorkQueueItem(WorkThread.java:89) at weblogic.ldap.LDAPExecuteRequest.run(LDAPExecuteRequest.java:50) at weblogic.work.SelfTuningWorkManagerImpl$WorkAdapterImpl.run(SelfTuningWorkManagerImpl.java:528) at weblogic.work.ExecuteThread.execute(ExecuteThread.java:209) at weblogic.work.ExecuteThread.run(ExecuteThread.java:178) Eventually, the admin server runs out of memory: <1-Jun-2012 12:29:59 o'clock PM EDT> <Error> <Kernel> <BEA-000802> <ExecuteRequest failed java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded. One does not necessarily cause the other, but it seems like a pretty good fit. When inspecting the WebLogic code, we see this: void cleanupSocket(MuxableSocket paramMuxableSocket, SocketInfo paramSocketInfo) { this.sockRecords[paramSocketInfo.getFD()] = null; // DevPollSocketMuxer.java:150 super.cleanupSocket(paramMuxableSocket, paramSocketInfo); } protected void cancelIo(MuxableSocket paramMuxableSocket) { super.cancelIo(paramMuxableSocket); cleanupSocket(paramMuxableSocket, paramMuxableSocket.getSocketInfo()); // DevPollSocketMuxer.java:166 } So paramMuxableSocket.getSocketInfo() would be null. I'm at a loss for explaining this... Anyone have an idea? Thanks!

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  • User cannot access a system DSN on Windows Server 2008

    - by Ra Osolage
    We run our SQL Server services using a low privileged domain account. That account is NOT a local admin on the OS. Only access I give the user account is assigned during install of SQL: full control over its mount points and then everything else is granted by the SQL Server 2005/2008 installer. I need to create a linked server in SQL Server 2008 to an ODBC data source. So I remoted into the computer using my domain account, which is part of a group that DOES have local admin privs to the OS. I created a system DSN and configured it to connect to another SQL Server. The DSN works perfectly when I test it. However, when I try to create the linked server, I get an error. It appears to me that the DSN is invisible to the domain account that SQL Server is running as. It seems that this problem is only happening to me on Windows 2008 servers. Does anybody know whether there's anything that you need to do after creating a DSN to make it visible for other users to access?

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  • Iomega eGo Encrypt Plus Encrypted Partition not mounting properly says "local disk"

    - by mosiac
    I'm working with an Iomega eGo 500gb Encrypt Plus portable drive. When I first set it up and installed the software and set a user password everything worked fine. The partition labeled "IomegaHDD" mounted properly and I could access the free space. Then I changed the ADMIN password which required me to lockout the device, wait 60 seconds, and then login to the Admin section and change the password, lockout the device again, wait 60 seconds, and then log back in with my user password. When I did that it of course unmounted the IomegaHDD partition to secure it, when it remounts it, it only shows up as "local disk" now and will not remount properly. I had not removed the cable while doing any of this. I have since tried unplugging and plugging back in to login to the drove but that has not worked. I'm wondering if I should remove every instance of "generic usb hub" from device manager and wait for it to re-add itself, or move it to a new set of USB ports temporarily to seee if that helps. Any ideas?

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  • BackupExec errors when starting services

    - by blade
    Hi, I've installed backupexec 2010 trial on my server, with an appropriately-privileged AD account, but get errors when starting the required services from the login page: Processing services Start services on server: WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ Starting Enterprise Vault Admin Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The service Enterprise Vault Admin Service is already running on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Starting Backup Exec Remote Agent for Windows Systems on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The service Backup Exec Remote Agent for Windows Systems is already running on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Starting Backup Exec Device & Media Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error starting the service Backup Exec Device & Media Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Service-specific error code returned: 0x2000e2d3 (536928979) Starting Backup Exec Server on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error starting the service Backup Exec Server on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The dependency service or group failed to start. Starting Backup Exec Job Engine on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error starting the service Backup Exec Job Engine on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The dependency service or group failed to start. Starting Backup Exec Agent Browser on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error starting the service Backup Exec Agent Browser on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The dependency service or group failed to start. Starting Backup Exec DLO Administration Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error starting the service Backup Exec DLO Administration Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Error code returned: Starting Backup Exec DLO Maintenance Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The service Backup Exec DLO Maintenance Service is already running on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Starting Backup Exec Web Service on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. The service Backup Exec Web Service is already running on WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ. Start services on server WIN-HQ7JSCRTTSQ completed. Processing services completed! How can I resolve this?

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  • haproxy and tomcat intermittent hangs

    - by Lorin
    I am trying to run haproxy in front of tomcat on a Solaris x86 box, but I am getting intermittent failures. At seemingly random intervals, the request just hangs until haproxy times out the connection. I thought maybe it was my app, but I've been able to reproduce it with the tomcat manager app, and hitting tomcat directly there is no problems at all. Hitting it repeatedly with curl will cause the error within 10-15 tries curl -ikL http://admin:admin@<my server>:81/manager/status haproxy is running on port 81, tomcat on port 7000. haproxy returns a 504 gateway timeout to the client, and puts this into the log file: Sep 7 21:39:53 localhost haproxy[16887]: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:65168 [07/Sep/2009:21:39:23.005] http_proxy http_proxy/tomcat7000 5/0/0/-1/30014 504 194 - - sHNN 0/0/0/0/0 0/0 "GET /manager/status HTTP/1.1" Tomcat shows nothing, no error in the logs and no indication that the request ever makes it to the tomcat server. The request count is not incremented, the manager app only shows activity on one thread, serving up the manager app. Here are my haproxy and tomcat connector settings, I've been playing with both a good deal trying to chase down the issue, so they may not be ideal, but they definitely don't seem like they should cause this error. server.xml <Connector port="7000" protocol="HTTP/1.1" enableLookups="false" maxKeepAliveRequests="1" connectionLinger="10" /> haproxy config global log loghost local0 chroot /var/haproxy listen http_proxy :81 mode http log global option httplog option httpclose clitimeout 150000 srvtimeout 30000 contimeout 3000 balance roundrobin cookie SERVERID insert server tomcat7000 127.0.0.1:7000 cookie server00 check inter 2000

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  • Explain why folder's permissions differ depending on HOW user is accessing server AFP vs SSH

    - by Meltemi
    Hoping someone can explain what is probably fairly obvious...but confuses me. Imagine two users with admin privileges on our server (Mac OS X Server 10.5). Call them joe & bob. both users are members of these groups: Staff Group ID: 20 Workgroup Group ID: 1025 Shared folder "devfolder" has sharing set as so: POSIX: Owner: joe read & write Group: admin read & write Other no access ACL: Workgroup Allow Read & write Question is why when looking at same folder does the ownership appear to change depending on who's doing the looking?!? Both looking at same folder on the server: From Joe's perspective: xserve:devfolder joe$ ls -l drwxrwxr-x 6 joe workgroup 204 May 20 19:32 app drwxrwxr-x 9 joe workgroup 306 May 20 19:32 config drwxrwxr-x 3 joe workgroup 102 May 20 19:32 db drwxrwxr-x 3 joe workgroup 102 May 20 19:32 doc drwxrwxr-x 3 joe workgroup 102 May 20 19:32 lib And from Bob's perspective (folder mounted on his machine via AFP): bobmac:devfolder bob$ ls -l drwxrwxr-x 6 bob _bob 264 May 20 19:32 app drwxrwxr-x 9 bob _bob 264 May 20 19:32 config drwxrwxr-x 3 bob _bob 264 May 20 19:32 db drwxrwxr-x 3 bob _bob 264 May 20 19:32 doc drwxrwxr-x 3 bob _bob 264 May 20 19:32 lib Now if Bob connects to server via SSH then his output is identical to Joe's, as expected. Can anyone tell me what the client is doing in this case and what should be expected when bob creates or updates files in this folder? What tools do I have to better understand this from the command line? Is this normal? Perhaps a "cleaner" way that wouldn't be confusing with "bob _bob"?!?

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  • AWStats consumes too much resource, how to disable temporarily

    - by trante
    For some days AWStats takes %10-%20 of my CPU, takes 400-550 MB RAM and works for hours. Maybe my site's traffic became larger so process time takes more time than before or some bugs in program makes this. Anyway I want to disable AWStats temporarily. Maybe I would want to activate it in future. I found that answer. But it gives commands to remove AWStats. I only want to disable it temporarily. My system is Centos 6.3, Plesk 11.5.30 Update #19. I tried to disable cron jobs. I run this # killall awstats.pl I opened # vi /etc/cron.daily/awstats file and I changed it to this: #!/bin/sh #/usr/share/awstats/awstats_updateall.pl now -awstatsprog=/var/www/cgi-bin/awstats/awstats.pl -configdir=/etc/awstats >/dev/null 2>&1 exit 0 After some time I still see that awstats is running. What should I do more to not to awstats run again ? But without removing my files. After changing " /etc/cron.daily/awstats" file awstats doesn't start in daytime. But every night in 03:15 awstats starts again. Because of Plesk auto updates are working at that time, I changed from Plesk. Don't auto update automatically. But it seems like last night at 03:15 awstats started again. Is there any way to stop awstats temporarily except this solution ? Because this solution deletes awstats configs permanently and I don't know how to revert it back in future ? Turn off all AWStats for Plesk 11+ domains #!/bin/bash for i in /var/www/vhosts/*; do echo "Turning off and deleting Stats for" echo `basename $i` /usr/local/psa/admin/bin/webstatmng --unset-configs --stat-prog=awstats --domain-name=`basename $i` /usr/local/psa/admin/bin/webstatmng --clean --stat-prog=awstats --domain-name=`basename $i` done

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