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  • Removing final bash script argument

    - by ctuffli
    I'm trying to write a script that searches a directory for files and greps for a pattern. Something similar to the below except the find expression is much more complicated (excludes particular directories and files). #!/bin/bash if [ -d "${!#}" ] then path=${!#} else path="." fi find $path -print0 | xargs -0 grep "$@" Obviously, the above doesn't work because "$@" still contains the path. I've tried variants of building up an argument list by iterating over all the arguments to exclude path such as args=${@%$path} find $path -print0 | xargs -0 grep "$path" or whitespace="[[:space:]]" args="" for i in "${@%$path}" do # handle the NULL case if [ ! "$i" ] then continue # quote any arguments containing white-space elif [[ $i =~ $whitespace ]] then args="$args \"$i\"" else args="$args $i" fi done find $path -print0 | xargs -0 grep --color "$args" but these fail with quoted input. For example, # ./find.sh -i "some quoted string" grep: quoted: No such file or directory grep: string: No such file or directory Note that if $@ doesn't contain the path, the first script does do what I want.

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  • Cancelling Two Way Data Binding In Silverlight

    - by DaveB
    I have an ObervableCollection of data items. This collection is bound to a ListBox. When the user selects a item from the listbox and clicks the Edit button a UserControl with the details of that item is displayed with the various properties bound to text boxes. Each binding mode is set for TwoWay. On this details UserControl, I would like to implement 2 buttons, OK and Cancel. This would be consistent with UIs in Windows. This application is using the Model-View_ViewModel pattern. Here is my question: 1) How can I implement the Cancel button when all the changes have already been committed?

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  • What's the fastest way to compare two objects in PHP?

    - by johnnietheblack
    Let's say I have an object - a User object in this case - and I'd like to be able to track changes to with a separate class. The User object should not have to change it's behavior in any way for this to happen. Therefore, my separate class creates a "clean" copy of it, stores it somewhere locally, and then later can compare the User object to the original version to see if anything changed during its lifespan. Is there a function, a pattern, or anything that can quickly compare the two versions of the User object? Option 1 Maybe I could serialize each version, and directly compare, or hash them and compare? Option 2 Maybe I should simply create a ReflectionClass, run through each of the properties of the class and see if the two versions have the same property values? Option 3 Maybe there is a simple native function like objects_are_equal($object1,$object2);? What's the fastest way to do this?

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  • design patterns for hierarchical structures

    - by JLBarros
    Anyone knows some design patterns for hierarchical structures? For example, to manage inventory categories, accounting chart of accounts, divisions of human resources, etc.. Thank you very much in advance EDIT: Thanks for your interest. I am looking for a better way of dealing with hierarchical items to which they should apply operations depending on the level of hierarchy. I have been studying the patterns by Martin Fowler, for example Accounting, but I wonder if there are other more generic. The problem is that operations apply to the items must be possible to change even at run time and may depend on other external variables. I thought of a kind of strategy pattern but would like to combine it with the fact that it is a hierarchical scheme. I would appreciate any reference to hierarchical patterns and you'll take care of them in depth.

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  • In c++ is there any Events/delegates/interfaces/notifications! anything?

    - by Bach
    Say i have these classes ViewA and ViewB In objective C using the delegate pattern I could do @protocol ViewBDelegate{ - (void) doSomething(); } then in ViewB interface: id<ViewBDelegate> delegate; then in ViewA implementation i set the delegate: viewB.delegate = self; and now I can call in doSomething from viewB onto any that unknown type delegate. [delegate doSomething]; "C++ How to Program" has been the worse read an can't find simple examples that demonstrates basic design patterns. What i'm looking for in C++ is: events ActionScript and java either delegates or notifications in Objective C anything that allows class A, Class B and Class C to know that ClassX didSomething()!!! thanks

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  • How can I make CAPTCHA work across multiple pages?

    - by jm04469
    Ever visit a website such as myspace where they leverage CAPTCHA to prevent spam? The typical pattern is to present a challenge to each URL that is opened, yet the challenge doesn't actually belong to the page itself which causes additional bandwidth usage. So, if I open up six pages at the same time and want to present a challenge on each page. I want the challenge to be tied to the page and not to the session. How can I make this work with Spring and/or Struts.

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  • Behavior with primitive data types' value out of range & C99's PRI* macros

    - by Yktula
    Say we have an 8-bit unsigned integer n (UINT8_MAX=255); what is the behavior of the compiler for n=256? Where can I find a table of default behavior when the value of a data type is out of range for different data types? Is there a pattern to how they behave when set out of range? #include <stdio.h> #include <inttypes.h> uint8_t n = UINT8_MAX; int main() { printf("%hhu ",n++); printf("%hhu",n); return 0; } Compiling with gcc -std=c99 -Wall *.c, this prints: 255 0 Also, is it acceptable to use C99's PRI* macros? How are they named?

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  • friend declaration in C++

    - by Happy Mittal
    In Thinking in C++ by Bruce eckel, there is an example given regarding friend functions as // Declaration (incomplete type specification): struct X; struct Y { void f(X*); }; struct X { // Definition private: int i; public: friend void Y::f(X*); // Struct member friend }; void Y::f(X* x) { x->i = 47; } Now he explained this: Notice that Y::f(X*) takes the address of an X object. This is critical because the compiler always knows how to pass an address, which is of a fixed size regardless of the object being passed, even if it doesn’t have full information about the size of the type. If you try to pass the whole object, however, the compiler must see the entire structure definition of X, to know the size and how to pass it, before it allows you to declare a function such as Y::g(X). But when I tried void f(X); as declaration in struct Y, it shows no error. Please explain why?

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  • General approach for posting business logic status messages to UI?

    - by generalt
    Hello all. I have been struggling with this question for awhile now, and I haven't reached a conclusion. I'm not typically a UI programmer, so forgive the noobishness. I'm writing a typical application with a UI layer (WPF) and a business layer. I want to post status messages to the UI from the business layer (perhaps deep within the business layer), but I don't want the business layer to have any knowledge of the UI. Is there a generally accepted pattern for this? I was thinking to have a message queue of some sort to which the business layer posts status messages, and have the view model of the UI subscribe to that queue and intercept messages from the queue and route them to the UI. Is that a good approach? Is there somewhere else I should start? Thank you.

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  • Break a string into parts, returning all characters

    - by Benjamin
    I want to break a string according to the following rules: all consecutive alpha-numeric chars, plus the dot (.) must be treated as one part all other consecutive chars must be treated as one part consecutive combinations of 1 and 2 must be treated as different parts no whitespace must be returned For example this string: Method(hierarchy.of.properties) = ? Should return this array: Array ( [0] => Method [1] => ( [2] => hierarchy.of.properties [3] => ) [4] => = [5] => ? ) I was unsuccessful with preg_split(), as AFAIK it cannot treat the pattern as an element to be returned. Any idea for a simple way to do this?

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  • How to grab the lines AFTER a matched line in python

    - by toofly
    Hi All, I am an amateur using Python on and off for some time now. Sorry if this is a silly question, but I was wondering if anyone knew an easy way to grab a bunch of lines if the format in the input file is like this: " Heading 1 Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Heading 2 Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 " I won't know how many lines are after each heading, but I want to grab them all. All I know is the name, or a regular expression pattern for the heading. The only way I know to read a file is the "for line in file:" way, but I don't know how to grab the lines AFTER the line I'm currently on. Hope this makes sense, and thanks for the help!

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  • Dictionaries with more than one key per value in Python

    - by nickname
    I am attempting to create a nice interface to access a data set where each value has several possible keys. For example, suppose that I have both a number and a name for each value in the data set. I want to be able to access each value using either the number OR the name. I have considered several possible implementations: Using two separate dictionaries, one for the data values organized by number, and one for the data values organized by name. Simply assigning two keys to the same value in a dictionary. Creating dictionaries mapping each name to the corresponding number, and vice versa Attempting to create a hash function that maps each name to a number, etc. (related to the above) Creating an object to encapsulate all three pieces of data, then using one key to map dictionary keys to the objects and simply searching the dictionary to map the other key to the object. None of these seem ideal. The first seems ugly and unmaintainable. The second also seems fragile. The third/fourth seem plausible, but seem to require either much manual specification or an overly complex implementation. Finally, the fifth loses constant-time performance for one of the lookups. In C/C++, I believe that I would use pointers to reference the same piece of data from different keys. I know that the problem is rather similar to a database lookup problem by a non-key column, however, I would like (if possible), to maintain the approximate O(1) performance of Python dictionaries. What is the most Pythonic way to achieve this data structure?

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  • How to implement "drag n drop" user interface on website?

    - by Nikkeloodeni
    Hello, I was wondering what would be the best way to implement some kind of "drag n drop" user interface? What i mean is that there would be one main page and every link click (eg. other sections like about, gallery, contact form) would open a new drag n drop element on top of that main page. Something like windows desktop where you can move your application windows around the screen. Would it be best to call different functions with AJAX when a link is clicked? Like "gallery" link would call gallery-function and retrieve dynamically generated contents of that "window" with AJAX call and then just load that stuff on some div? Or would some other type of approach suit better for this? I hope I was able to explain this clearly enough. I'm looking for a proper "design pattern" to implement this. All suggestions are wellcome! :)

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  • Convert a image to a monochrome byte array

    - by Scott Chamberlain
    I am writing a library to interface C# with the EPL2 printer language. One feature I would like to try to implement is printing images, the specification doc says p1 = Width of graphic Width of graphic in bytes. Eight (8) dots = one (1) byte of data. p2 = Length of graphic Length of graphic in dots (or print lines) Data = Raw binary data without graphic file formatting. Data must be in bytes. Multiply the width in bytes (p1) by the number of print lines (p2) for the total amount of graphic data. The printer automatically calculates the exact size of the data block based upon this formula. I plan on my source image being a 1 bit per pixel bmp file, already scaled to size. I just don't know how to get it from that format in to a byte[] for me to send off to the printer. I tried ImageConverter.ConvertTo(Object, Type) it succeeds but the array it outputs is not the correct size and the documentation is very lacking on how the output is formatted. My current test code. Bitmap i = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile("test.bmp"); ImageConverter ic = new ImageConverter(); byte[] b = (byte[])ic.ConvertTo(i, typeof(byte[])); Any help is greatly appreciated even if it is in a totally different direction.

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  • Boost singleton and undefined reference

    - by Ockonal
    Hello, I globally use singleton pattern in my project. To make it easier - boost::singleton. Current project uses Ogre3d library for rendering. Here is some class: class GraphicSystem : public singleton<GraphicSystem> { private: Ogre::RenderWindow *mWindow; public: Ogre::RenderWindow *getWindow() const { return mWindow; } }; In GraphicSystem constructor I fill the mWindow value: mWindow = mRoot->createRenderWindow(...); I cheked it, everything makes normally. So, now I have to use handler for the window in input system (to get window handle). Somewhere else in another class: Ogre::RenderWindow *temp = GraphicSystem::get_mutable_instance().getWindow(); GraphicSystem::get_mutable_instance().getWindow()->getCustomAttribute("WINDOW", &mWindowHandle); temp is 0x00, and there is segfault at last line (getting custon attribute). I can't understand, why does singleton returns undefined pointer for the window. All another singleton-based classes work well.

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  • Reusability, testability, code complexity reduction and showing-off-ability programming importance

    - by Andrew Florko
    There are lots of programming and architecture patterns. Patterns allow to make code cleaner, reusable, more testable & at last (but not at least) to feel the follower a real cool developer. How do you rank these considerations for you? What does affect you most when you decide to apply pattern? I wonder how many times code reusability (especially for MVP, MVC patterns) was important? For example DAL library often shared between projects (it's reusable) but how often controllers/views (abstracted via interfaces) are reused?

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  • How do you make your Java application memory efficient?

    - by Boune
    How do you optimize the heap size usage of an application that has a lot (millions) of long-lived objects? (big cache, loading lots of records from a db) Use the right data type Avoid java.lang.String to represent other data types Avoid duplicated objects Use enums if the values are known in advance Use object pools String.intern() (good idea?) Load/keep only the objects you need I am looking for general programming or Java specific answers. No funky compiler switch. Edit: Optimize the memory representation of a POJO that can appear millions of times in the heap. Use cases Load a huge csv file in memory (converted into POJOs) Use hibernate to retrieve million of records from a database Resume of answers: Use flyweight pattern Copy on write Instead of loading 10M objects with 3 properties, is it more efficient to have 3 arrays (or other data structure) of size 10M? (Could be a pain to manipulate data but if you are really short on memory...)

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  • ASP.NET 3.5 Stateless Session Managment and connection pooling?

    - by Norm
    I am designing an ASP.NET (3.5) web application that connects to a Rocket Software UniVerse database. I am in the planning stages right now and need some help in being pointed in the right direction. I am brand new to ASP and C#. I am shooting for a RESTful design and a MVC pattern. Rocket provides a .NET library called UniObjects.NET which handles everything for connecting and retrieving information from the database. What would be the best way to in general to log my users into the database, then use that session via connection pooling? I see that in 3.5 there is the ASP.NET Routing Infrastructure and that looks promising am I in the right direction on this? Also does C# support decorators like Python and Java?

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  • How could I implement a fuzzy time date replacer using Knockout?

    - by rball
    I'd like to implement what this plugin does using jQuery: https://github.com/rmm5t/jquery-timeago A short description of that plugin: This will turn all abbr elements with a class of timeago and an ISO 8601 timestamp in the title (conforming to the datetime design pattern microformat): <abbr class="timeago" title="2011-12-17T09:24:17Z">December 17, 2011</abbr> Into something like this: <abbr class="timeago" title="December 17, 2011">about 1 day ago</abbr> Except using knockout my markup looks like this: <abbr data-bind="attr: { title: Posted }" class="timeago"></abbr> I think something isn't synced up because nothing is happening even if I put the call to timeago within the viewmodel itself. I'm guessing I need a subscriber that's attached to the observable "Posted" but I'm not sure how to set that up.

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  • Model View Presenter plus ASP.NET Web Service; where does the asmx live?

    - by Dirk
    I've been slowly transitioning from a traditional web forms architecture to the MVP pattern (Passive View). So far, it's been fairly easy to implement b/c the views I've dealt with have all employed a classic PostBack model. However, I've come across my first view that will refresh portions of itself via web services. I can't grok where the web service should live (Presenter I think) or how to expose that asmx end point to my View while still maintaining the clean separation of concerns/testability that MVP affords me. I've searched far and wide for some examples on how this might be implemented and have come up with nothing. Please help!

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  • ColdFusion - pass regex backreference to function call

    - by stubotnik
    Hi, I'm using ColdFusion's reReplace() function for regular expression pattern replacement. I'd like to use a function call for the replacement string, and pass a matched backreference to it. Something like this: <cfset s = "STARTDATE_2010-05-07 00:05:00.0_ENDDATE" /> <cfset s = reReplace(s, "STARTDATE_([\s-.:0-9]*)_ENDDATE", dateAdd("h", 1, "\1")) /> But that fails because "The value of parameter 3, which is currently \1, must be a class java.util.Date value." Is there any other way to achieve this? Thanks, Stu

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  • tutorials/books to create a plugin/module/library?

    - by fayer
    i wonder if there are tutorials/books explaining how you create a library/plugin/module for other to implement? libraries/frameworks like solr, doctrine, codeigniter etc. cause it seems that they follow the same pattern. having one "bootstrap" file to load configurations, other classes and so on. i aim to understand the basics, so i can create a such library. cause at the moment i want to code an address book that other can use. just include a bootstrap file and they are ready to use my classes (like Doctrine). recommendations of sources to learn these things of stuff? you experienced guys, how did you learn it? thanks.

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  • Using Remote Web Server to Initialize iPhone App

    - by Chris_K
    My iPhone app relies on a vendor's XML feed to provide data. But that feed is not locked down. The vendor could change the format of the XML at any time, although so far they've promised not to. Since I might want to tell my app to use a different URL for its data source, I'd like to set up a single "Command Central" Web page, on my own server, to direct the app to the correct data source. In other words, each time my app starts, in the background and unseen by the user, it would visit "http://www.myserver.com/iphoneapp_data_sources.xml" to retrieve the URL for retrieving data from my vendor. That way, if my vendor suddenly changes the exact URL or the XML feed that the app needs, I can update that Web page and ensure that all installations of the app are using the correct XML feed. Does anyone have any advice or examples showing this kind of approach? It seems as if this must be a common problem, but so far I haven't found a well-established design pattern that fits it.

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  • Regular expression: who's greedier?

    - by polygenelubricants
    My primary concern is with the Java flavor, but I'd also appreciate information regarding others. Let's say you have a subpattern like this: (.*)(.*) Not very useful as is, but let's say these two capture groups (say, \1 and \2) are part of a bigger pattern that matches with backreferences to these groups, etc. So both are greedy, in that they try to capture as much as possible, only taking less when they have to. My question is: who's greedier? Does \1 get first priority, giving \2 its share only if it has to? What about: (.*)(.*)(.*) Let's assume that \1 does get first priority. Let's say it got too greedy, and then spit out a character. Who gets it first? Is it always \2 or can it be \3? Let's assume it's \2 that gets \1's rejection. If this still doesn't work, who spits out now? Does \2 spit to \3, or does \1 spit out another to \2 first?

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  • Remove objects from different environments

    - by Fred
    I have an R script file that executes a second R script via: source("../scripts/second_file.R") That second file has the following lines: myfiles <- list.files(".",pattern = "*.csv") ... rm(myfiles) When I run the master R file I get: > source("../scripts/second_file.R") Error in file.remove(myfiles) : object 'myfiles' not found and the program aborts. I think this has something to do with the environment. I looked at ?rm() pages but less than illuminating. I figure I have to give it a position argument, but not sure which.

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