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  • wireless LAN soft blocked on Ubuntu 13.10

    - by iacopo
    I've troubles with bluetooth and with lan. When I digit: rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: no When I digit: lspci -v 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Root Complex Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Root Complex Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Trinity [Radeon HD 7600G] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Trinity [Radeon HD 7600G] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 48 Memory at c0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at f000 [size=256] Memory at feb00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K] Expansion ROM at [disabled] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: radeon 00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Trinity HDMI Audio Controller Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Trinity HDMI Audio Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 49 Memory at feb44000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel 00:10.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB XHCI Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB XHCI Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18 Memory at feb48000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd 00:11.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 40) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 7800 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 45 I/O ports at f190 [size=8] I/O ports at f180 [size=4] I/O ports at f170 [size=8] I/O ports at f160 [size=4] I/O ports at f150 [size=16] Memory at feb50000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:12.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller (rev 11) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 Memory at feb4f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci-pci 00:12.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller (rev 11) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 17 Memory at feb4e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci 00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller (rev 11) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 Memory at feb4d000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci-pci 00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller (rev 11) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 17 Memory at feb4c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci 00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller (rev 14) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller Flags: 66MHz, medium devsel Kernel driver in use: piix4_smbus 00:14.1 IDE interface: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH IDE Controller (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH IDE Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 17 I/O ports at 01f0 [size=8] I/O ports at 03f4 [size=1] I/O ports at 0170 [size=8] I/O ports at 0374 [size=1] I/O ports at f100 [size=16] Kernel driver in use: pata_atiixp 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 32, IRQ 16 Memory at feb40000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel 00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge (rev 11) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0 00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH PCI Bridge (rev 40) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=64 00:14.5 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller (rev 11) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 Memory at feb4b000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci-pci 00:14.7 SD Host controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SD Flash Controller (prog-if 01) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SD Flash Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 39, IRQ 16 Memory at feb4a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Kernel driver in use: sdhci-pci 00:15.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Hudson PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 0) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000e000-0000efff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000d0000000-00000000d00fffff Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:15.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Hudson PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 Memory behind bridge: fe900000-feafffff Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 0 Flags: fast devsel 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 1 Flags: fast devsel 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 2 Flags: fast devsel 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 3 Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: k10temp 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 4 Flags: fast devsel 00:18.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 10h-1fh) Processor Function 5 Flags: fast devsel 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 07) Subsystem: PC Partner Limited / Sapphire Technology Device 0123 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 46 I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Memory at d0004000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: r8169 03:00.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe Subsystem: AzureWave Device 2b87 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 Memory at fea40000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Memory at fea30000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci 03:00.1 Bluetooth: Ralink corp. RT3290 Bluetooth Subsystem: AzureWave Device 2787 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 11 Memory at fea20000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Memory at fea10000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Memory at fe900000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M] Expansion ROM at fea00000 [disabled] [size=64K] Capabilities: Thank you for all the help

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  • Compile error with acml.h

    - by Aslan986
    I'm having some problem compiling a Visual Studio 2008 project in which I use acml.h. I correctly installed amcl package on my computer, version 5.1.0-ifort64. I added the reference to the acml.h directory in Visual Studio Compiler Properties, but when i try to compile i get these errors: 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ';' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : warning C4091: '': ignorato a sinistra di 'char' quando non si dichiara alcuna variabile 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : error C2143: errore di sintassi: ';' mancante prima di ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1510) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ';' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : warning C4091: '': ignorato a sinistra di 'char' quando non si dichiara alcuna variabile 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : error C2143: errore di sintassi: ';' mancante prima di ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(1675) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ';' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : warning C4091: '': ignorato a sinistra di 'char' quando non si dichiara alcuna variabile 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : error C2143: errore di sintassi: ';' mancante prima di ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3511) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ')' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : error C2144: errore di sintassi: 'char' deve essere preceduto da ';' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : warning C4091: '': ignorato a sinistra di 'char' quando non si dichiara alcuna variabile 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : error C2143: errore di sintassi: ';' mancante prima di ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ',' 1>C:\AMD\acml5.1.0\ifort64_mp\include\acml.h(3676) : error C2059: errore di sintassi: ')' I apologize for italian language; however they are all sintax errors. How can I fix it? Can someone help me?

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  • How to get AMD Catalyst working on Arch x86_64

    - by gh403
    I've got a Dell Inspiron 15R 7520 with AMD's hybrid "PowerXpress" graphics. The integrated graphics card is (if I understand it correctly) integrated with the i7-3612QM processor, and the discrete graphics card is a "Southern Islands" Radeon HD 7730M. The integrated graphics work perfectly under Arch. However, the discrete graphics don't. I have tried several different methods, and the one that seems to get me the farthest with the least effort is the AUR package catalyst-total-pxp. After installing, rebooting, and issuing the commands # aticonfig --initial # pxp_switch_catalyst amd # X X completely fails to start. The X log can be found here. I don't understand what is failing; potentially, it has something to do with the way my card is hooked up--I think it's muxless, but I really don't know. What is the matter here? Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Migrating XenServer VMs from Intel to AMD servers

    - by John Smith
    I need to replace my XenServer 6.1 resource pool hardware. I currently run Intel hardware and I have to move to AMD hardware (corporate politics and budget stuff, blah blah blah). I have downtime available so I can use cold migration - live migration is not required. I will also have the new hardware (AMD) alongside the old hardware (Intel). The XenServer docs say there may be problems exporting from one arch and importing to another "may not work" - http://docs.vmd.citrix.com/XenServer/6.1.0/1.0/en_gb/guest.html#importing_vms - but mentions nothing about simply turning off the VM on one arch and then powering it back on new arch. VMs are a mix of OS - some Windows, some Linux, multiple versions. Is this something that can be done with no problems, or are there problems I need to be aware of?

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  • AMD Radeon 7900 series: setting up 3 monitors

    - by Nilzone-
    I have an AMD Radeon 7900 series, which should support up to 6 screens. I'm having problems getting my third one working. Im running windows 8, and have installed all the latest AMD drivers. My screens are: Samusng syncmaster S27D391HS Samusng syncmaster S24B350H Samusng syncmaster S24B350H The first 24" monitor I use HDMI to DVI cable. The second 24" I use VGA to DVI cable. Lastly, for the 27" I use HDMI cable. The result is, no matter what I do, I never get more than two screens on simultaneously. I have also tried getting a DisplayPort to HDMI cable to use for the 27", but Im not sure if it was passive or active (didn't say on the box, nor did I ask). So my question is: is an active displayport to HDMI the solution, or is there someting else Im overlooking? (I have read similar posts on this subject, but I use a slightly different combo of cables. That is why I made a post of my own as well)

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  • Sun Fire V20z also with AMD Opteron 256?

    - by Dan
    Hi, I have a SUN Fire V20z with two Opteron 244, which I'd like to upgrade. The official datasheet says that it supports up to Opteron 252. I was wondering if it would also work with AMD Opteron 256, cause they have the same core voltage and socket? Thanks for helping.

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  • AMD Catalyst 13.9 installation failure

    - by Simon Verbeke
    Earlier today I installed Windows 8.1, and when I wanted to go into Catalyst Control Center, I noticed some odd error of CCC not being able to display options. I then figured I needed a driver update, so I downloaded the latest drivers, version 13.9, and tried to install them. While it was trying to install the display drivers, I got a blue screen. Tried again and got the same. Then I used an uninstall tool from AMD to remove all traces of my old drivers and tried to install the new drivers. Again, a blue screen. This is all I could think of to try. Would anyone know some other things I can try? EDIT: thought I might want to include the log entry for the crash: - <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event"> - <System> <Provider Name="Microsoft-Windows-WER-SystemErrorReporting" Guid="{ABCE23E7-DE45-4366-8631-84FA6C525952}" EventSourceName="BugCheck" /> <EventID Qualifiers="16384">1001</EventID> <Version>0</Version> <Level>2</Level> <Task>0</Task> <Opcode>0</Opcode> <Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords> <TimeCreated SystemTime="2013-10-19T20:59:25.000000000Z" /> <EventRecordID>26587</EventRecordID> <Correlation /> <Execution ProcessID="0" ThreadID="0" /> <Channel>System</Channel> <Computer>Simon-PC</Computer> <Security /> </System> - <EventData> <Data Name="param1">0x0000007e (0xffffffffc0000005, 0xfffff80002a86dca, 0xffffd00025f250e8, 0xffffd00025f248f0)</Data> <Data Name="param2">C:\WINDOWS\MEMORY.DMP</Data> <Data Name="param3">101913-8953-01</Data> </EventData> </Event> Another edit: As it turns out, the graphics card isn't showing up any more in the device manager. But as far as I can tell, it is still working (the fans are spinning and my screen is plugged into that graphics card). This is solved. it appears that my graphics card is now running with a default windows driver. I also tried the forced method mentioned here: AMD Graphics Drivers won't install properly . But I still get a BSOD. Third edit: Slight succes! Managed to install version 13.4. Everything appears to be working fine now. I think I'm just going to skip version 13.9.

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  • modprobe amd-rng fails, No such device

    - by CrackerJack9
    When trying to install hw_random to a 2.6 kernel, modprobe returns a FATAL error "No such device" on both CentOS 5.7 and Fedora 15. Both are using the latest kernel, respectively. The .ko file exists, and config- contains CONFIG_RTC=y and CONFIG_CRYPTO_RNG=m Both servers are x86_64 AMD processors. The only google results are very old, often reference the kernel module 'hw_random' (which has been replaced with processor specific modules and don't offer much help. Has anyone been able to install hw_random? Am I missing a step while installing the module?

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  • ATI / AMD HIS HD 7870 Graphics card fan speed below 16% / 20% 26%

    - by Thorsten Niehues
    I bought a AMD / ATI HIS HD 7870 to replace my old HD 4870. I noticed that the fan speed does not scale with the temperature: The fan speed does not get below 28% (read from catalyst / automatic fan speed) If I manually change it in the catalyst to 20% then it has the same speed than 28% : about 900-1000 rpm. With HIS iTurbo i manually can change the fan speed below 20%. But I noticed that changing the fan speed below 16% results in 3200 rpm. This is really stupid and annoying since my PC is a ultra silent PC and all fans are running with about 500 rpm when the PC is idle (windows / musik movies, etc.) Is there any way to change the fan speed to a reasonable speed like 500 rpm by software or hardware adapters (I really don't like to put a poti between the 12V line)

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  • Linux compilers for C/C++ on AMD "Bulldozer" CPUs like the Interlagos [closed]

    - by jstarek
    I am looking for a Linux compiler for C/C++ code that supports AMDs new "Bulldozer" architecture and produces efficient binaries for the Interlagos series Opterons. This seems to be a bit difficult because of the peculiarities of the Bulldozer microarchitecture. While AMD has a whitepaper with some details, I would like to see some independent analyses. The relevant paper from HeCToR focuses mostly on job placement and scheduling, which is an area we already investigate. So, who can recommend a good compiler comparison for Bulldozers running Linux? Does anyone have well-described benchmarks?

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  • Upgrading laptop processor

    - by user344996
    Hi. I have a Dell Studio 17. It's a few years old, and I wanted to upgrade the processor. It currently has an Intel Core 2 Duo T5750 @ 2.00GHz My question is how can I find out which processors are compatible?

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  • Linux AMD-FX 8350 temperature monitoring

    - by HyperDevil
    I’m trying to get the CPU temperature for my AMD-FX8350 on Debian Squeeze. I ran sensors-detect and then sensors, but I only get my motherboard sensors (it8720-isa-0228). There are three temperature values there but I assume those are not for the CPU. it8720-isa-0228 Adapter: ISA adapter in0: +1.36 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in1: +1.50 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in2: +3.38 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in3: +2.93 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in4: +3.07 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in5: +4.08 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in6: +4.08 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) in7: +2.93 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V) Vbat: +3.01 V fan1: 3375 RPM (min = 10 RPM) fan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM) fan3: 1730 RPM (min = 10 RPM) fan5: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM) temp1: +27.0°C (low = +127.0°C, high = +127.0°C) sensor = thermistor temp2: +53.0°C (low = +127.0°C, high = +127.0°C) sensor = thermal diode temp3: +65.0°C (low = +127.0°C, high = +90.0°C) sensor = thermal diode cpu0_vid: +0.000 V Is there anything I am missing? I also loaded the K8temp and K10temp modules and ran sensor-detect without any results. I do see this message in dmesg: hwmon-vid: Unknown VRM version of your x86 CPU

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  • Implications of disabling the AMD Phenom's TLB patch?

    - by DMA57361
    I'm currently running a AMD Phenom X4 9600 processor (yeah, it's aging a bit, but other recent problems mean it's not getting upgraded in the immediate future), which happens to be one of the chips that suffer from the TLB errata. I recall that the first time I played with disabling the TLB patch (probably over a year ago, while playing a game that had a severe performance problem such that it was almost unplayable unless the patch was disabled) I had at least one BSOD, but I can't remeber them being particularly frequent. However, because it decreased instability, I stopped disabling the patch once I was done with the game. Now, after some recent hardware changes I was experiancing much worse performance than expected from the new hardware under some circumstances, and the TLB jumped to mind - after testing I found that disabling the patch would improve the performance to expected levels. I'm now wondering if it's worthwhile always having the patch disabled to avoid any potential slowdowns cropping up in the future, or if it is too dangerous. Everything I read states that the bug, when not patched, can causes a system lock-up in "rare circumstances". So, with the TLB patch disabled: How frequently should system lock-ups be expected? Do we know what the circumstances that trigger the lock-ups are? (Don't worry too much about being highly technical, but essentially I wonder if the chip more vunerable under heavy load, or heavy memory usage, etc?) Are there any secondary problems I should be aware of? (Don't include things that are charateristic to all lock-ups, please)

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  • Organizations &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 7

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Name different device categories Discuss the functions and structure of I/.O modules Describe the principles of Programmed I/O Describe the principles of Interrupt-driven I/O Describe the principles of DMA Discuss the evolution characteristic of I/O channels Describe different types of I/O interface Explain the principles of point-to-point and multipoint configurations Discuss the way in which a FireWire serial bus functions Discuss the principles of InfiniBand architecture External Devices An external device attaches to the computer by a link to an I/O module. The link is used to exchange control, status, and data between the I/O module and the external device. External devices can be classified into 3 categories… Human readable – e.g. video display Machine readable – e.g. magnetic disk Communications – e.g. wifi card I/O Modules An I/O module has two major functions… Interface to the processor and memory via the system bus or central switch Interface to one or more peripheral devices by tailored data links Module Functions The major functions or requirements for an I/O module fall into the following categories… Control and timing Processor communication Device communication Data buffering Error detection I/O function includes a control and timing requirement, to coordinate the flow of traffic between internal resources and external devices. Processor communication involves the following… Command decoding Data Status reporting Address recognition The I/O device must be able to perform device communication. This communication involves commands, status information, and data. An essential task of an I/O module is data buffering due to the relative slow speeds of most external devices. An I/O module is often responsible for error detection and for subsequently reporting errors to the processor. I/O Module Structure An I/O module functions to allow the processor to view a wide range of devices in a simple minded way. The I/O module may hide the details of timing, formats, and the electro mechanics of an external device so that the processor can function in terms of simple reads and write commands. An I/O channel/processor is an I/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor. There are 3 techniques are possible for I/O operations Programmed I/O Interrupt[t I/O DMA Access Programmed I/O When a processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O it executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module. With programmed I/O, the I/O module will perform the requested action and then set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register. The I/O module takes no further actions to alert the processor. I/O Commands To execute an I/O related instruction, the processor issues an address, specifying the particular I/O module and external device, and an I/O command. There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may receive when it is addressed by a processor… Control – used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do Test – Used to test various status conditions associated with an I/O module and its peripherals Read – Causes the I/O module to obtain an item of data from the peripheral and place it in an internal buffer Write – Causes the I/O module to take an item of data form the data bus and subsequently transmit that data item to the peripheral The main disadvantage of this technique is it is a time consuming process that keeps the processor busy needlessly I/O Instructions With programmed I/O there is a close correspondence between the I/O related instructions that the processor fetches from memory and the I/O commands that the processor issues to an I/O module to execute the instructions. Typically there will be many I/O devices connected through I/O modules to the system – each device is given a unique identifier or address – when the processor issues an I/O command, the command contains the address of the address of the desired device, thus each I/O module must interpret the address lines to determine if the command is for itself. When the processor, main memory and I/O share a common bus, two modes of addressing are possible… Memory mapped I/O Isolated I/O (for a detailed explanation read page 245 of book) The advantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that it has a large repertoire of instructions that can be used, allowing more efficient programming. The disadvantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that valuable memory address space is sued up. Interrupts driven I/O Interrupt driven I/O works as follows… The processor issues an I/O command to a module and then goes on to do some other useful work The I/O module will then interrupts the processor to request service when is is ready to exchange data with the processor The processor then executes the data transfer and then resumes its former processing Interrupt Processing The occurrence of an interrupt triggers a number of events, both in the processor hardware and in software. When an I/O device completes an I/O operations the following sequence of hardware events occurs… The device issues an interrupt signal to the processor The processor finishes execution of the current instruction before responding to the interrupt The processor tests for an interrupt – determines that there is one – and sends an acknowledgement signal to the device that issues the interrupt. The acknowledgement allows the device to remove its interrupt signal The processor now needs to prepare to transfer control to the interrupt routine. To begin, it needs to save information needed to resume the current program at the point of interrupt. The minimum information required is the status of the processor and the location of the next instruction to be executed. The processor now loads the program counter with the entry location of the interrupt-handling program that will respond to this interrupt. It also saves the values of the process registers because the Interrupt operation may modify these The interrupt handler processes the interrupt – this includes examination of status information relating to the I/O operation or other event that caused an interrupt When interrupt processing is complete, the saved register values are retrieved from the stack and restored to the registers Finally, the PSW and program counter values from the stack are restored. Design Issues Two design issues arise in implementing interrupt I/O Because there will be multiple I/O modules, how does the processor determine which device issued the interrupt? If multiple interrupts have occurred, how does the processor decide which one to process? Addressing device recognition, 4 general categories of techniques are in common use… Multiple interrupt lines Software poll Daisy chain Bus arbitration For a detailed explanation of these approaches read page 250 of the textbook. Interrupt driven I/O while more efficient than simple programmed I/O still requires the active intervention of the processor to transfer data between memory and an I/O module, and any data transfer must traverse a path through the processor. Thus is suffers from two inherent drawbacks… The I/O transfer rate is limited by the speed with which the processor can test and service a device The processor is tied up in managing an I/O transfer; a number of instructions must be executed for each I/O transfer Direct Memory Access When large volumes of data are to be moved, an efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA) DMA Function DMA involves an additional module on the system bus. The DMA module is capable of mimicking the processor and taking over control of the system from the processor. It needs to do this to transfer data to and from memory over the system bus. DMA must the bus only when the processor does not need it, or it must force the processor to suspend operation temporarily (most common – referred to as cycle stealing). When the processor wishes to read or write a block of data, it issues a command to the DMA module by sending to the DMA module the following information… Whether a read or write is requested using the read or write control line between the processor and the DMA module The address of the I/O device involved, communicated on the data lines The starting location in memory to read from or write to, communicated on the data lines and stored by the DMA module in its address register The number of words to be read or written, communicated via the data lines and stored in the data count register The processor then continues with other work, it delegates the I/O operation to the DMA module which transfers the entire block of data, one word at a time, directly to or from memory without going through the processor. When the transfer is complete, the DMA module sends an interrupt signal to the processor, this the processor is involved only at the beginning and end of the transfer. I/O Channels and Processors Characteristics of I/O Channels As one proceeds along the evolutionary path, more and more of the I/O function is performed without CPU involvement. The I/O channel represents an extension of the DMA concept. An I/O channel ahs the ability to execute I/O instructions, which gives it complete control over I/O operations. In a computer system with such devices, the CPU does not execute I/O instructions – such instructions are stored in main memory to be executed by a special purpose processor in the I/O channel itself. Two types of I/O channels are common A selector channel controls multiple high-speed devices. A multiplexor channel can handle I/O with multiple characters as fast as possible to multiple devices. The external interface: FireWire and InfiniBand Types of Interfaces One major characteristic of the interface is whether it is serial or parallel parallel interface – there are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the peripheral, and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously serial interface – there is only one line used to transmit data, and bits must be transmitted one at a time With new generation serial interfaces, parallel interfaces are becoming less common. In either case, the I/O module must engage in a dialogue with the peripheral. In general terms the dialog may look as follows… The I/O module sends a control signal requesting permission to send data The peripheral acknowledges the request The I/O module transfers data The peripheral acknowledges receipt of data For a detailed explanation of FireWire and InfiniBand technology read page 264 – 270 of the textbook

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  • Processor speeds on my machine don't live up to manufacturer hype

    - by atch
    Why am I not seeing the promised speed claims of processor manufacturers on my computer? Producers of processors claim that their product can perform so many thousands (or millions) of operations per second. And yet on my machine (4GB, 3500hz), the typical program (Word, Visual Studio etc.) takes at least 10 seconds to start. I've formatted my hard drive and ticked all the necessary boxes to optimize my machine and yet I'm not seeing the promised speeds. Say it takes Outlook ten seconds to load. How many millions of operations does it really go through in order to start up?

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  • Mutli-processor workstation as a workstation/server

    - by posdef
    I work in a research institute and a number of programs we use are computationally intensive (I actually wrote one of them). Right now we have one computer that is dedicated for one of these programs (with local accounts only, as in users physically sitting in front of that pc) and the other programs are run on individual workstations assigned to people. I have been looking around to common brands such as Dell and HP, for a some sort of a small/medium scale server, which can be used as a workhorse by sending tasks remotely. It appears as if there is nothing in between workstations with one 6-core processor and a bunch of extras (like fancy graphics etc) and rack mount servers with ridiculous amount of RAM and HDD expansion capabilities but still relatively little number of processors/cores. I wonder if what I am looking for is such a small niche product? Are there other solutions that I might not be aware of? Does anyone know of a multi proc- multi-core workstation/server that is still within the reasonable

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  • AMD 24 core server memory bandwidth

    - by ntherning
    I need some help to determine whether the memory bandwidth I'm seeing under Linux on my server is normal or not. Here's the server spec: HP ProLiant DL165 G7 2x AMD Opteron 6164 HE 12-Core 40 GB RAM (10 x 4GB DDR1333) Debian 6.0 Using mbw on this server I get the following numbers: foo1:~# mbw -n 3 1024 Long uses 8 bytes. Allocating 2*134217728 elements = 2147483648 bytes of memory. Using 262144 bytes as blocks for memcpy block copy test. Getting down to business... Doing 3 runs per test. 0 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.58047 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 1764.082 MiB/s 1 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.58012 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 1765.152 MiB/s 2 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.58010 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 1765.201 MiB/s AVG Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.58023 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 1764.811 MiB/s 0 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.36174 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2830.778 MiB/s 1 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.35869 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2854.817 MiB/s 2 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.35848 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2856.481 MiB/s AVG Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.35964 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2847.310 MiB/s 0 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.23546 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 4348.860 MiB/s 1 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.23544 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 4349.230 MiB/s 2 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.23544 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 4349.359 MiB/s AVG Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.23545 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 4349.149 MiB/s On one of my other servers (based on Intel Xeon E3-1270): foo2:~# mbw -n 3 1024 Long uses 8 bytes. Allocating 2*134217728 elements = 2147483648 bytes of memory. Using 262144 bytes as blocks for memcpy block copy test. Getting down to business... Doing 3 runs per test. 0 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.18960 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 5400.901 MiB/s 1 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.18922 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 5411.690 MiB/s 2 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.18944 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 5405.491 MiB/s AVG Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.18942 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 5406.024 MiB/s 0 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.14838 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 6901.200 MiB/s 1 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.14818 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 6910.561 MiB/s 2 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.14820 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 6909.628 MiB/s AVG Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.14825 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 6907.127 MiB/s 0 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.04362 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 23477.623 MiB/s 1 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.04262 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 24025.151 MiB/s 2 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.04258 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 24048.849 MiB/s AVG Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.04294 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 23847.599 MiB/s For reference here's what I get on my Intel based laptop: laptop:~$ mbw -n 3 1024 Long uses 8 bytes. Allocating 2*134217728 elements = 2147483648 bytes of memory. Using 262144 bytes as blocks for memcpy block copy test. Getting down to business... Doing 3 runs per test. 0 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.40566 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2524.269 MiB/s 1 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.38458 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2662.638 MiB/s 2 Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.38876 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2634.043 MiB/s AVG Method: MEMCPY Elapsed: 0.39300 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 2605.600 MiB/s 0 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.30707 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 3334.745 MiB/s 1 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.30425 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 3365.653 MiB/s 2 Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.30342 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 3374.849 MiB/s AVG Method: DUMB Elapsed: 0.30491 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 3358.328 MiB/s 0 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.07875 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 13003.670 MiB/s 1 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.08374 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 12228.034 MiB/s 2 Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.07635 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 13411.216 MiB/s AVG Method: MCBLOCK Elapsed: 0.07961 MiB: 1024.00000 Copy: 12862.006 MiB/s So according to mbw my laptop is 3 times faster than the server!!! Please help me explain this. I've also tried to mount a ram disk and use dd to benchmark it and I get similar differences so I don't think mbw is to blame. I've checked the BIOS settings and the memory seem to be running at full speed. According to the hosting company the modules are all OK. Could this have something to do with NUMA? It seems like Node Interleaving is disabled on this server. Will enabling it (thus turning off NUMA) make a difference? foo1:~# numactl --hardware available: 4 nodes (0-3) node 0 cpus: 0 1 2 3 4 5 node 0 size: 8190 MB node 0 free: 7898 MB node 1 cpus: 6 7 8 9 10 11 node 1 size: 12288 MB node 1 free: 12073 MB node 2 cpus: 18 19 20 21 22 23 node 2 size: 12288 MB node 2 free: 12034 MB node 3 cpus: 12 13 14 15 16 17 node 3 size: 8192 MB node 3 free: 8032 MB node distances: node 0 1 2 3 0: 10 20 20 20 1: 20 10 20 20 2: 20 20 10 20 3: 20 20 20 10

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  • BlueStacks Joins Forces with AMD; Launches AMD-only Enhanced Android App Launcher

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Last fall we showed you how to run Android apps on your Windows PC with BlueStacks. Now BlueStacks has partnered with AMD to offer even better Android emulation on AMD-powered Windows machines. Check out our original overview and installation guide for BlueStacks to get a feel for what you can do with the app. If you’re sporting an AMD CPU, hit up the link below to check out the AMD AppZone to grab some of the thousands of Android apps you can enjoy on your desktop. AMD AppZone: Android [via Gigaom] 8 Deadly Commands You Should Never Run on Linux 14 Special Google Searches That Show Instant Answers How To Create a Customized Windows 7 Installation Disc With Integrated Updates

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  • What's the downsides of Running Ubuntu 9.10 32bit on AMD64 Processor

    - by Omar Dolaimy
    Hi, I was thinking about installing Ubuntu 9.10 32bit on a DELL Inspiron 1501 with 64bit processor Laptop. Since It's was real pain to me to run Java Browser plugin, Flash Plugin, J2ME Toolkit, and many other tools. But It was 90% OK with me. This was Ubuntu 8.10 (a year ago), And now the Ubuntu 9.10 came and I'm thinking about installing the 32 bit on it and get rid of the pain. Is there a downside for that?? considering that the display card is not supported now so exclude this from your calculation, I will never play REAL games on it and I'm not a big fan of Compiz effects. I'm not here to ask about the performance (which is about 15%+ for the 64bit only), I just want compatibility!

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