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• Windows Load-Balancing, Forward-Proxying Software

  - by LandonC

  Does anyone know of any Windows software that will do forward-proxying load-balancing, like HAProxy does? There are tons of reverse-proxy solutions, but I can't find any that do what HAProxy does, that is, allows you to load-balance a group of forwarding-proxies. I have a proxy farm (don't ask) that I need to round-robin balance. HAProxy will do it, but is very unstable on Windows. Thoughts? I'd really appreciate it. And yes, this is an actual, production environment question.

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• ECMP Load Balancing in JUNOS

  - by SpacemanSpiff

  I'm trying to figure out how to use ECMP load balancing in JUNOS. I know this isn't the best way to load balance, but its quick and dirty and gets done what I need to. In ScreenOS this was pretty easy. Device: SRX220 JunOS: 10.3R2.11 Here's what I've got so far: routing-options { static { route 0.0.0.0/0 { next-hop [ 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.2 ]; metric 10; } } maximum-paths 2; Will that do it? Tom

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• Linux/bsd tcp load balancing with 10 gigabit ethernet

  - by user37899

  Okay, I've been looking at layer 4 load balancing solutions for 10 gigabit links. I need the following properties Works at 10Gig ethernet speeds. Can support long live tcp connections. up to 1mil live tcp connections. Balancer not involved in the return path. Fault tolerant with tcp session fail over. low latency and good through put. can be scripted. Either a software or hardware solution. Can it be done? Anyone doing this?

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• Load Balancing a UDP server

  - by Hellfrost

  Hello StackOverflow, I have a udp server, it is a central part in my business process. in order to handle the loads I'm expecting in the production environment I'll probably need 2 or 3 instances of the server. The server is almost entirely stateless, it mostly collects data, and the layer above it knows how to handle the minimal amount of stale data that can arise from the the multiple server instances. My question is, how can I implement load balancing between the servers? I would prefer to distribute the requests as evenly as possible between the servers. I would also would like to have some fidelity, I mean if client X was routed to server y, then I want all of X's subsequent requests to go to server Y, as long as it is sensible and not overloads Y. By the way it is a .NET system... what would you recommend?

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• Utilize two gateways on the same network same interface with load balancing

  - by RushPL

  My setup is two ISPs on a single interface and single network. I can either set my default gateway to 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.250 and either work. My desire is to utilize both of them with some load balancing. I have tried to follow the advice given in here http://serverfault.com/a/96586 #!/bin/sh ip route show table main | grep -Ev '^default' \ | while read ROUTE ; do ip route add table ISP1 $ROUTE done ip route add default via 192.168.1.250 table ISP1 ip route add default via 192.168.0.1 table ISP2 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j CONNMARK --restore-mark iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m mark ! --mark 0 -j ACCEPT iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j MARK --set-mark 10 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.5 -j MARK --set-mark 20 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j CONNMARK --save-mark Now then I do "traceroute somehost" repeatedly I can only get route through my default route which is 192.168.1.250. Shouldn't the packets change routes in a random manner? How to debug it?

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• apache, shibboleth, load balancing aliase, ssl

  - by Nikolaidis Fotis

  Good morning folks Could you give me a bit of help with the following problem ? I have a dns load balancing mechanism and an alias (hostAlias) which may point to host01, or host02 I want to configure apache and shibboleth to work with that alias. What happens is ... User types : https://hostAlias (it points to host01) apache host01 : redirect to shibboleth shibboleth host01 : redirect to **https://hostAlias.cern.ch/Shibboleth.sso/ADFS** Now, there are two cases. Either this time hostAlias will point again to host01 , or it will point to host02. If it points to host02, host01 will not get the anwser and the authentication fails. Also, about ssl certificates, I guess that each host will need its own certificate. right ? Should I need a certificate with DNS aliases ? Thanks in advance !

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• Sticky Load Balancing with AWS

  - by John Wheal

  I have just setup a load balancer with AWS for a few instances as search engine crawlers were bringing down the site (it has millions of pages). Parts of the site allow you to login so I selected: Enable Application Generated Cookie Stickiness and everything works fine. I now wonder how this will effect my SEO and the crawlers. As I selected sticky load balancing does this mean that a crawler will be stuck on one server and therefore defeat the point in the load balancer? Any recommendations will be appreciated.

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• Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancing - strategy for zero downtime server restart

  - by Yoga

  I have 5 web servers (Apache/mod_perl) behind Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancing, when I deploy codes to the web servers, I am doing this.. For each machine, shutdown the Apache Update the code Start over the server and proceed to the next server I think when my server is shutdown, ELB will not distribute request to my server, but how about the request still serving? I think a better approach is Stop accepting new request from ELB Sleep for sometimes, shutdown web server only if all requests are responded Update the codes Start the server again But how to perform (1) and (2) from my local sever? Do I need to use AWS API? or other easy way to do it? Thanks.

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• A really unique case of Load Balancing

  - by Shamshun

  I have an internet connection which has limited up/down bandwidth per IP address. What I want to do is to get multiple IP addresses on a "single" LAN interface, and use a load balancer to distribute traffic through them. I was successful at getting 100 ip addresses on a single interface. my problem is that Linux and Windows use the first ip address of an interface by default, so my bandwidth is not increased. I would appreciate if someone tells me what Load Balancing software has the ability to distribute load between multiple IPs on a single interface. I have tried to do so on both Win7 and Backtrack-LinuxR2

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• Amazon CloudFront and EC2: Global Load Balancing

  - by Matt Rogish

  We have an app that is going to store and serve up a decent amount of data in S3 to a global audience where latency should be minimized. So, we've been doing tests with Amazon CloudFront and have seen favorable results. However, we need a thin middleware layer (to do security etc.) and we'd like to put that in EC2. Due to security restrictions, this middleware layer will do the file streaming from S3/CloudFront: S3/CloudFront - EC2 - Clients We can geographically distribute the EC2 nodes (US East/West, and Ireland) but the problem is that a client in the EU would hit our US server and be fed data from there, thus rendering much of the performance benefit of CloudFront moot. I've been digging through the EC2 docs but I can't find a built-in way to get a geographically distributed version of EC2 a la CloudFront. Elastic Load Balancing sounds like the way to go, but I can't seem to find a way with that to direct based on routing... Preferably, we'd like to keep the amount of stuff outside of EC2/S3/etc. to a minimum (for obvious reasons). Any ideas how to do that within the EC2/S3 framework? DNS/routing tricks? Thanks!

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• Cisco Catalyst 3550 + Alteon 184 Load-Balancing Issues...

  - by upkels

  I have just deployed a couple Cisco Catalyst 3550 switches, and a couple Alteon 184 Web Switches for load-balancing. I can ping all RIPs and VIPs to/from the Alteon. Topology Before: (server) <- (Alteon) <- (Internet) Topology Now: (server) <- (3550) <- Alteon <- (Internet) Cisco Port Configuration (Alteon Uplink Port): description LB_1_PORT_9_PRIMARY switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access switchport nonegotiate speed 100 duplex full Alteon Port 9 Configuration (VLAN 10 WAN): >> Main# /c/port 9/cur Current Port 9 configuration: enabled pref fast, backup gig, PVID 10, BW Contract 1024 name UPLINK >> Main# /c/port 9/fast/cur Current Port 9 Fast link configuration: speed 100, mode full duplex, fctl none, auto off Cisco Configuration (Load-Balanced Servers Port): description LB_1_PORT_1_PRIMARY switchport access vlan 30 switchport mode access switchport nonegotiate speed 100 duplex full Alteon Port 1 Configuration (VLAN 30 LOAD-BALANCED LAN): >> Main# /c/port 1/cur Current Port 1 configuration: enabled pref fast, backup gig, PVID 30, BW Contract 1024 name LB_PORT_1 >> Main# /c/port 1/fast/cur Current Port 1 Fast link configuration: speed 100, mode full duplex, fctl both, auto on Each of my servers are on vlan 10 and 30, properly communicating. I have tried to turn on VLAN tagging on the Alteon, however it seems to cause all communications to stop working. When I tcpdump -i vlan30 on any of the webservers, I see normal ARP communications, and some STP communications, which may or may not be part of the problem: ... 15:00:51.035882 STP 802.1d, Config, Flags [none], bridge-id 801e.00:11:5c:62:fe:80.8041, length 42 15:00:51.493154 IP 10.1.1.254.33923 > 10.1.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 707324510, win 8760, options [mss 1460], length 0 15:00:51.493336 IP 10.1.1.1.http > 10.1.1.254.33923: Flags [S.], seq 3981707623, ack 707324511, win 65535, options [mss 1460], len gth 0 15:00:51.493778 ARP, Request who-has 10.1.3.1 tell 10.1.3.254, length 46 etc... I'm not sure if I've provided enough information, so please let me know if any more is necessary. Thank you!

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• Debian, 2 NICs load-balancing or agregating with one same gateway

  - by pouney

  Hi, I have one server, with double NICs connected to one switch with the same gateway. Behind the switch we have internet. |Debian| - eth0 - switch - internet - eth1 - same I don't understand how to load-balancing between eth0 and eth1. The inbound/outbound traffic always use eth1. This is the config: # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.248.82 netmask 255.255.255.240 network 192.168.248.80 broadcast 192.168.248.95 gateway 192.168.248.81 allow-hotplug eth1 auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.248.83 netmask 255.255.255.240 network 192.168.248.80 broadcast 192.168.248.95 gateway 192.168.248.81 Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.248.80 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.248.80 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.248.81 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.248.81 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Ips aren't real, it's just for the example. Anybody have an idea on correct routing to use eth0 on 192.168.248.82 and eth1 on 192.168.248.83 ? I have many example for multiple gateway but here it's the same. Thanks all. Regards

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• Apache, Tomcat and mod_jk for load balancing

  - by pHk

  Hi guys. I've set-up a basic Apache (2.2.x) and Tomcat (6.0.x) set-up using mod_jk for load balancing using the worker.properties file. Preliminary testing seems to show that this works relatively well, and it was quite easy to set-up. However; the fact that it was so easy to set-up has got me a little worried. We're dealing with 100 - 300 concurrent users using the same web application (deployed on 2 or 3 Tomcat instances). I have done a little Googling and looking around on here and there seems to be more than 1 way to accomplish this (one example on here used a balancer:// style URL, which I've never seen before in an Apache config). For example, one question I ask myself is how reliable the load detection on mod_jk really is (Busyness, Session, Request, etc). In your experience, does this set-up prove to be reliable in real world scenarios? Any pointers on improvements, pit falls or interesting literature/articles? I've worked with Apache before, but am in no way an expert. Thanks in advance.

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• Cisco Catalyst 3550 + Alteon 184 Load-Balancing Issues

  - by upkels

  I have just deployed a couple Cisco Catalyst 3550 switches, and a couple Alteon 184 Web Switches for load-balancing. I can ping all RIPs and VIPs to/from the Alteon. Topology Before: (server) <- (Alteon) <- (Internet) Topology Now: (server) <- (3550) <- Alteon <- (Internet) Cisco Port Configuration (Alteon Uplink Port): description LB_1_PORT_9_PRIMARY switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access switchport nonegotiate speed 100 duplex full Alteon Port 9 Configuration (VLAN 10 WAN): >> Main# /c/port 9/cur Current Port 9 configuration: enabled pref fast, backup gig, PVID 10, BW Contract 1024 name UPLINK >> Main# /c/port 9/fast/cur Current Port 9 Fast link configuration: speed 100, mode full duplex, fctl none, auto off Cisco Configuration (Load-Balanced Servers Port): description LB_1_PORT_1_PRIMARY switchport access vlan 30 switchport mode access switchport nonegotiate speed 100 duplex full Alteon Port 1 Configuration (VLAN 30 LOAD-BALANCED LAN): >> Main# /c/port 1/cur Current Port 1 configuration: enabled pref fast, backup gig, PVID 30, BW Contract 1024 name LB_PORT_1 >> Main# /c/port 1/fast/cur Current Port 1 Fast link configuration: speed 100, mode full duplex, fctl both, auto on Each of my servers are on vlan 10 and 30, properly communicating. I have tried to turn on VLAN tagging on the Alteon, however it seems to cause all communications to stop working. When I tcpdump -i vlan30 on any of the webservers, I see normal ARP communications, and some STP communications, which may or may not be part of the problem: ... 15:00:51.035882 STP 802.1d, Config, Flags [none], bridge-id 801e.00:11:5c:62:fe:80.8041, length 42 15:00:51.493154 IP 10.1.1.254.33923 > 10.1.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 707324510, win 8760, options [mss 1460], length 0 15:00:51.493336 IP 10.1.1.1.http > 10.1.1.254.33923: Flags [S.], seq 3981707623, ack 707324511, win 65535, options [mss 1460], len gth 0 15:00:51.493778 ARP, Request who-has 10.1.3.1 tell 10.1.3.254, length 46 etc... I'm not sure if I've provided enough information, so please let me know if any more is necessary. Thank you!

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• Nginx load balancing and maintaining URLs

  - by Steve Klabnik

  I'm trying to use nginx as a load balancer, and it's working great. One problem, though. The load balancing box is at 123.123.123.123, and the backend box is 456.456.456.456. So I have this config: upstream backend { server 456.456.456.456; } server { listen 80; server_name 123.123.123.123; access_log off; error_log off; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://backend; } } This works great. I hit 123.123.123.123 in my browser, and the page comes up. But now the URL in the browser says http://456.456.456.456. Do I need to use a rewrite rule or something to keep the url correct? I don't want it to be different when going to different backed servers. None of the tutorials I've read have mentioned anything about this.

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• HAproxy roundrobin balancing does not appear to be distributing evently

  - by andrew

  Hello, I know that with loaded servers, roundrobin in HAproxy (1.4.4) does not evenly distribute, but my servers are currently getting NO traffic (test setup), and roundrobin balancing does www1,www1,www1,www1,www1,...www2,www2,www2,...,www1... I'm verifying this by having the script being run on each server cat /etc/HOSTNAME (slackware). I need to have it switch back and forth each time to test some session stuff (stored in shared memcached) but am having trouble getting it to switch between my two web servers on each request. global log 127.0.0.1 local0 warning maxconn 4096 chroot /usr/share/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid uid 99 gid 99 daemon defaults balance roundrobin fullconn 100 maxconn 4096 mode http option dontlognull option http-server-close option forwardfor option redispatch retries 3 timeout connect 5000 timeout client 20000 timeout server 60000 timeout queue 60000 stats enable stats uri /haproxy stats auth ***:*** frontend www *:80 log global acl is_upload hdr_dom(host) -i uploads.site.com acl is_api hdr_dom(host) -i api.site.com acl is_dev hdr_dom(host) -i dev.site.com acl is_apidev hdr_dom(host) -i apidev.site.com use_backend uploads.site.com if is_upload use_backend api.site.com if is_api use_backend dev.site.com if is_dev !is_apidev default_backend site.com backend site.com option httpchk HEAD /alive.php HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:site.com server www1 1.1.1.1:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 server www2 1.1.1.2:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 backend api.site.com option httpchk HEAD /alive.php HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:api.site.com server www1 1.1.1.1:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 server www2 1.1.1.2:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 backend dev.site.com option httpchk HEAD /alive.php HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:dev.site.com server www1 1.1.1.1:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 server www2 1.1.1.2:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 backend uploads.site.com option httpchk HEAD /alive.php HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:uploads.site.com server www1 1.1.1.1:8080 weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 server www2 1.1.1.2:8080 backup weight 10 minconn 5 maxconn 25 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 2 So basically, I have some different back-ends (I've verified the ACLs are working), with the default option "roundrobin" selected. I've tried removing weights, removing the minconn/maxconn/fullconn attributes for all servers (not just the backend I'm testing), tried removing the ACLs, etc. I've been testing on dev.site.com BTW. Anyone see a reason why I can't get something like www1,www2,www1,www2,...? Also, this is one of my first questions on here, so please let me know if I left anything needed out of my post. Thanks!

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• Do i need a dedicated server for load balancing?

  - by Ben

  I'm completely new to the concept of load balancing so i hope this question isn't a "stupid question" because i've been searching around and im having a hard time understanding this. So to my understanding, in order to load balance, i need a separate machine with an ip address i can direct all traffic to. I initially thought i needed to rent 3 dedicated servers, one for load balancing and the other two as backend servers. Would a dedicated server be too much for a load balancer or do hosting companies have special types of computers for that process? Then i read somewhere else that i can install a load balance software in both of the two servers and configure it in a way that doesn't require me to rent another machine/dedicated server for load balancing. So im a bit confuse on how to actually implement a load balancer and whether or not i need a dedicated server for the sole purpose of acting as a load balancing machine. Also, i was recommended to use HAproxy so i'll be heading that direction for load balancing.

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• Conceptually how does load-balancing on the EJB tier work in Glassfish/any ejb container

  - by Benju

  I am wondering conceptually how load-balancing works on the EJB-level (not web session replication) with Java EE containers like Glassfish. From what I have gleaned your remote interface is a proxy that delegates your call to one of many servers you may have in an environment. If things fail are they supposed to be able to "finish" on another server? I want to understand the basic theory behind this load balancing, why is it better than a bunch of servers all running a plain web application with session affinity on a load-balancer?

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• Best Solution for Load Balancing NFS File Access?

  - by DairyKnight

  I'm trying to find an optimum solution for accessing the NFS file share in my company. We have a central file server in North America and has 30GB~50GB of updated data everyday. And it's very slow for our Europe and Asia branches to access directly. Therefore, I'm trying to setup two replicate servers in those continents. I'm currently using rsync, but wonder if there exists a better solution acts more like a distributed RAID, which allows the user to transparently access the file whether synced or not. And user request will be dispatched to remote server if the file is not yet synced. I'm now looking into DRBD, but it seems not to have the functionality of auto-dispatching requests. Does anyone know if there's a better solution?

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• Pfsense: Inbound Load Balancing https with sticky connection

  - by Zeux

  first of all I'm very sorry for my English... This is my scenario: Internet Firewall+LB: pfsense_1(Active) + pfsense_2(Passive) in CARP Pool servers: 3 x nginx(PHP5+HTTP+HTTPS) Pfsense 1 and 2 CARP configured with Virtual IP (pubblic). Nginx servers's ips are all private. I want to load balance inbound HTTP and HTTPS connections between the 3 nginx web servers. An importat thing is that the HTTPS connections must be "sticky connections": in HTTPS connections, after login by username and password, I setup a php session and therefore when a client starts a HTTPS connection it will be always redirected to the same nginx server, until it disconnects itself, it closes the page/browser or after a timeout (30minutes?) without activity. Is this possible whit the last release(2.0.1) of pfsense? thank you very much...

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• Predictive vs Least Connection Load Balancing Techniques

  - by Mani

  I have a windows based desktop application that communicates via TCP to the application servers. (windows 2003). No sticky sessions between client calls. We have exactly 2 servers to load balance and we are thinking to use a F5 hardware NLB. The application is a heavy load types, doing not much bussiness logic in the services but retrieving quite a big amount of data at most of the times. May be on an average 5000 to 10000 records at all times. Used mainly for storing and retirieving data and no special processing of data or calculations running on the server side. I am favouring 'predictive' considering my services take a while at times to return data and hence tracking the feedback would yield some better routing as in predictive. I am not sure if the given data is sufficient enough to suggest some ideas but considering these, what would be some suggestions\things to consider\best between Predictive and Least Connections ? Thanks.

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• Tomcat - Spring Framework - MySQL, Load balancing design

  - by Mat Banik

  Lets say I have Spring Framework App that is running on Tomcat and uses MySQL database: What would be the best solution in this instance that would allow for sociability (price/performance/integration time)? More precisely: What would be on the Web Load balancer box, and who should be the tomcat web server clustered? What would be on the Database Load balancer box and how should be the database servers clustered? And if at all possible specific technical integration links would be of great help.

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• SQLServer 2008 FailOver and Load Balancing

  - by Jedi Master Spooky

  I have a project with a 2TB database ( 450.000.000 rows). I need to provide to the proyect a solution that gives FailOver and load Balacing, what do you recommend? We are going to use a NetApp Filer for the Data Files and for the File System of the Proyect. I read that SQl Clustering does not provide load balacing. If I cannnot have this feature and I have to go only to the FailOver what Server ( I presume that the key feature here is memory) would you recomend. We are adding 1.000.000 rows a day. Once the rows is inserted we are doing a lot of updates to that row for about 1 week then the row get static. Because of this I am thinking in some kind of history table or database or something like that. I am open to the Os servers implementation, I was thinking of a windows 2008 server with cluster but this depend of the database solution

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• Using 2 Transparent HAProxy for load balancing

  - by Nyxynyx

  We can configure HAProxy to be a transparent proxy by using the guide here, where one of the steps says ...to put the backend servers in a different subnet to the front end clients and make sure that the default gateway points back at the HAProxy load balancer. However when we need to have 2 transparent HAProxy in front of our balanced servers (for redundancy), it seems like this wont work as we can only set one gateway for our balanced servers. What will be the correct way to setup the system such that we can have 2 transparent HAProxy infront of the balanced servers? The main reason for having transparent proxies is the need to find the client's IP addresses over TCP.

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• Balancing internal services using a Cisco CSS 11501

  - by Ladadadada

  First, the background to the problem: I have a Cisco CSS11501 that I am using to load balance a few web servers. These web servers have two network interfaces, one internal and one external and we are sending the requests to the internal interface. We have the CSS configured to do NAT because our webservers need to see the client's IP address. Because the TCP packets hit the webservers with a source address on the Internet, the webserver tries to send the packet back to the client over the external interface and not through the load balancer. In order to stop these requests being sent back out to the Internet via the external interface, we added a routing rule on these boxes so that all traffic with a source address on the internet will use the load balancer as the gateway. This part works fine. What I would also like to to is use the CSS as a load balancer for internal services such as our MySQL slaves. When I do this, I run into a similar problem; the TCP connection goes from the web server to the load balancer and then from the load balancer to the MySQL slave but the CSS spoofs a source address of the original webserver. The MySQL slave then tries to send the response directly to the webserver via the internal network and not via the load balancer. The ideal solution would be to tell the CSS not to do source address spoofing on the internal network and only do it for requests originating on the Internet. Is this possible ? Failing that, is there a way of directing the load balanced traffic back through the load balancer while keeping the other traffic (say SSH) purely on the internal network ? Is there another way of using the CSS11501 to load balance internal services ?

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