Search Results

Search found 861 results on 35 pages for 'argc'.

Page 20/35 | < Previous Page | 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27  | Next Page >

  • Possible mem leak?

    - by LCD Fire
    I'm new to the concept so don't be hard on me. why doesn't this code produce a destructor call ? The names of the classes are self-explanatory. The SString will print a message in ~SString(). It only prints one destructor message. int main(int argc, TCHAR* argv[]) { smart_ptr<SString> smt(new SString("not lost")); new smart_ptr<SString>(new SString("but lost")); return 0; } Is this a memory leak? The impl. for smart_ptr is from here edited: //copy ctor smart_ptr(const smart_ptr<T>& ptrCopy) { m_AutoPtr = new T(ptrCopy.get()); } //overloading = operator smart_ptr<T>& operator=(smart_ptr<T>& ptrCopy) { if(m_AutoPtr) delete m_AutoPtr; m_AutoPtr = new T(*ptrCopy.get()); return *this; }

    Read the article

  • How to debug anomalous C memory/stack problems

    - by EBM
    Hello, Sorry I can't be specific with code, but the problems I am seeing are anomalous. Character string values seem to be getting changed depending on other, unrelated code. For example, the value of the argument that is passed around below will change merely depending on if I comment out one or two of the fprintf() calls! By the last fprintf() the value is typically completely empty (and no, I have checked to make sure I am not modifying the argument directly... all I have to do is comment out a fprintf() or add another fprintf() and the value of the string will change at certain points!): static process_args(char *arg) { /* debug */ fprintf(stderr, "Function arg is %s\n", arg); ...do a bunch of stuff including call another function that uses alloc()... /* debug */ fprintf(stderr, "Function arg is now %s\n", arg); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char *my_arg; ... do a bunch of stuff ... /* just to show you it's nothing to do with the argv array */ my_string = strdup(argv[1]); /* debug */ fprintf(stderr, "Argument 1 is %s\n", my_string); process_args(my_string); } There's more code all around, so I can't ask for someone to debug my program -- what I want to know is HOW can I debug why character strings like this are getting their memory changed or overwritten based on unrelated code. Is my memory limited? My stack too small? How do I tell? What else can I do to track down the issue? My program isn't huge, it's like a thousand lines of code give or take and a couple dynamically linked external libs, but nothing out of the ordinary. HELP! TIA!

    Read the article

  • How to print a number with a space as thousand separator?

    - by dygi
    I've got a simple class Currency with overloaded operator<<. I don't know how can i separate the number with spaces every 3 digits, so it looks like: "1 234 567 ISK". #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Currency { int val; char curr[4]; public: Currency(int _val, const char * _curr) { val = _val; strcpy(curr, _curr); } friend ostream & operator<< (ostream & out, const Currency & c); }; ostream & operator<< (ostream & out, const Currency & c) { out << c.val<< " " << c.curr; return out; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { Currency c(2354123, "ISK"); cout << c; } What interests me, is somehow the easiest solution for this particular situation.

    Read the article

  • VERY simple C program won't compile with VC 64

    - by Paperflyer
    Here is a very simple C program: #include <stdio.h> int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { printf("sizeof(short) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(short)); printf("sizeof(int) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(int)); printf("sizeof(long) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(long)); printf("sizeof(long long) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(long long)); printf("sizeof(float) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(float)); printf("sizeof(double) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(double)); return 0; } While it compiles fine on Win32 (command line: cl main.c), it does not using the Win64 compiler ("c:\Program Files(x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\amd64\cl.exe" main.c). Specifically, it sais "error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol printf referenced in function main". As far as I understand this, it can not link to printf, right? Obviously, I have Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler 2008 (Standard enu) x86 and x64 installed and am using the 64-bit flavor of Windows (7). What is the problem here?

    Read the article

  • x86_64 Assembly Command Line Arguments

    - by Brandon oubiub
    I'm new to assembly, and I just got familiar with the call stack, so bare with me. To get the command line arguments in x86_64 on Mac OS X, I can do the following: _main: sub rsp, 8 ; 16 bit stack alignment mov rax, 0 mov rdi, format mov rsi, [rsp + 32] call _printf Where format is "%s". rsi gets set to argv[0]. So, from this, I drew out what (I think) the stack looks like initially: top of stack <- rsp after alignment return address <- rsp at beginning (aligned rsp + 8) [something] <- rsp + 16 argc <- rsp + 24 argv[0] <- rsp + 32 argv[1] <- rsp + 40 ... ... bottom of stack And so on. Sorry if that's hard to read. I'm wondering what [something] is. After a few tests, I find that it is usually just 0. However, occasionally, it is some (seemingly) random number. EDIT: Also, could you tell me if the rest of my stack drawing is correct?

    Read the article

  • Reading Serial Data From C (OSX /dev/tty)

    - by Jud Stephenson
    I am trying to read data from a bluetooth barcode scanner (KDC300) using C. Here is the code I have so far, and the program successfully establishes a bluetooth connection to the scanner, but when a barcode is scanned, no input is displayed on the screen (Eventually more will be done with the data, but we have to get it working first, right). Here is the program: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #include <termios.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { // define vars int STOP = 0; //char buf[255]; if(argv[1]) { int fd = open("/dev/tty.KDC1", O_RDONLY); if(fd == -1) { printf("%s", strcat("Unable to open /dev/tty.", argv[1])); } int res; while(STOP == 0) { while((res = read(fd,buf,255)) == 0); { if(res > 0) { buf[res]=0; printf("%s:%d\n", buf, res); if(buf[sizeof(buf)]=='\n') break; } } } } return 0; } If anyone has any ideas, I am at a loss on this so far. If it is any help, I can run screen /dev/tty.KDC1 and any barcodes scanned on the scanner appear in the terminal, I just can't do anything with the data. Jud

    Read the article

  • How do I fork a maximum of 5 child processes of the parent at any one time?

    - by bstullkid
    I have the following code, which I'm trying to only allow a maximum of 5 children to run at a time, but I can't figure out how to decrement the child count when a child exits. struct { char *s1; char *s2; } s[] = { {"one", "oneB"}, {"two", "twoB"}, {"three", "thr4eeB"}, {"asdf", "3th43reeB"}, {"asdfasdf", "thr33eeB"}, {"asdfasdfasdf", "thdfdreeB"}, {"af3c3", "thrasdfeeB"}, {"fec33", "threfdeB"}, {NULL, NULL} }; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i, im5, children = 0; int pid = fork(); for (i = 0; s[i].s2; i++) { im5 = 0; switch (pid) { case -1: { printf("Error\n"); exit(255); } case 0: { printf("%s -> %s\n", s[i].s1, s[i].s2); if (i==5) im5 = 1; printf("%d\n", im5); sleep(i); exit(1); } default: { // Here is where I need to sleep the parent until chilren < 5 // so where do i decrement children so that it gets modified in the parent process? while(children > 5) sleep(1); children++; pid = fork(); } } } return 1; }

    Read the article

  • objective-c 2.0 properties and 'retain'

    - by Adam
    Stupid question, but why do we need to use 'retain' when declaring a property? Doesn't it get retained anyway when it's assigned something? Looking at this example, it seems that an object is automatically retained when alloc'ed, so what's the point? #import "Fraction.h" #import <stdio.h> int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) { Fraction *frac1 = [[Fraction alloc] init]; Fraction *frac2 = [[Fraction alloc] init]; // print current counts printf( "Fraction 1 retain count: %i\n", [frac1 retainCount] ); printf( "Fraction 2 retain count: %i\n", [frac2 retainCount] ); // increment them [frac1 retain]; // 2 [frac1 retain]; // 3 [frac2 retain]; // 2 // print current counts printf( "Fraction 1 retain count: %i\n", [frac1 retainCount] ); printf( "Fraction 2 retain count: %i\n", [frac2 retainCount] ); // decrement [frac1 release]; // 2 [frac2 release]; // 1 // print current counts printf( "Fraction 1 retain count: %i\n", [frac1 retainCount] ); printf( "Fraction 2 retain count: %i\n", [frac2 retainCount] ); // release them until they dealloc themselves [frac1 release]; // 1 [frac1 release]; // 0 [frac2 release]; // 0 ¦output Fraction 1 retain count: 1 Fraction 2 retain count: 1 Fraction 1 retain count: 3 Fraction 2 retain count: 2 Fraction 1 retain count: 2 Fraction 2 retain count: 1 Deallocing fraction Deallocing fraction This is driving me crazy!

    Read the article

  • how to implement word count bash shell

    - by codemax
    hey guys. I am trying to write my own code for the word count in bash shell. I did usual way. But i wanna use pipe's output to count the word. So for eg the 1st command is cat and i am redirecting to a file called med. Now i have to use to 'dup2' function to count the words in that file. How can i write the code for my wc? This is the code for my shell pgm : void process( char* cmd[], int arg_count ) { pid_t pid; pid = fork(); char path[81]; getcwd(path,81); strcat(path,"/"); strcat(path,cmd[0]); if(pid < 0) { cout << "Fork Failed" << endl; exit(-1); } else if( pid == 0 ) { int fd; fd =open("med", O_RDONLY); dup2(fd ,0); execvp( path, cmd ); } else { wait(NULL); } } And my wordcount is : int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char ch; int count = 0; ifstream infile(argv[1]); while(!infile.eof()) { infile.get(ch); if(ch == ' ') { count++; } } return 0; } I dont know how to do input redirection i want my code to do this : When i just type wordcount in my shell implementation, I want it to count the words in the med file by default. Thanks in advance

    Read the article

  • Boost Spirit and Lex parser problem

    - by bpw1621
    I've been struggling to try and (incrementally) modify example code from the documentation but with not much different I am not getting the behavior I expect. Specifically, the "if" statement fails when (my intent is that) it should be passing (there was an "else" but that part of the parser was removed during debugging). The assignment statement works fine. I had a "while" statement as well which had the same problem as the "if" statement so I am sure if I can get help to figure out why one is not working it should be easy to get the other going. It must be kind of subtle because this is almost verbatim what is in one of the examples. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG #include <boost/config/warning_disable.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/lex_lexertl.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_statement.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_container.hpp> namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi; namespace lex = boost::spirit::lex; inline std::string read_from_file( const char* infile ) { std::ifstream instream( infile ); if( !instream.is_open() ) { std::cerr << "Could not open file: \"" << infile << "\"" << std::endl; exit( -1 ); } instream.unsetf( std::ios::skipws ); return( std::string( std::istreambuf_iterator< char >( instream.rdbuf() ), std::istreambuf_iterator< char >() ) ); } template< typename Lexer > struct LangLexer : lex::lexer< Lexer > { LangLexer() { identifier = "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"; number = "[-+]?(\\d*\\.)?\\d+([eE][-+]?\\d+)?"; if_ = "if"; else_ = "else"; this->self = lex::token_def<> ( '(' ) | ')' | '{' | '}' | '=' | ';'; this->self += identifier | number | if_ | else_; this->self( "WS" ) = lex::token_def<>( "[ \\t\\n]+" ); } lex::token_def<> if_, else_; lex::token_def< std::string > identifier; lex::token_def< double > number; }; template< typename Iterator, typename Lexer > struct LangGrammar : qi::grammar< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > { template< typename TokenDef > LangGrammar( const TokenDef& tok ) : LangGrammar::base_type( program ) { using boost::phoenix::val; using boost::phoenix::ref; using boost::phoenix::size; program = +block; block = '{' >> *statement >> '}'; statement = assignment | if_stmt; assignment = ( tok.identifier >> '=' >> expression >> ';' ); if_stmt = ( tok.if_ >> '(' >> expression >> ')' >> block ); expression = ( tok.identifier[ qi::_val = qi::_1 ] | tok.number[ qi::_val = qi::_1 ] ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( program ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( block ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( statement ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( assignment ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( if_stmt ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( expression ); } qi::rule< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > program, block, statement; qi::rule< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > assignment, if_stmt; typedef boost::variant< double, std::string > expression_type; qi::rule< Iterator, expression_type(), qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > expression; }; int main( int argc, char** argv ) { typedef std::string::iterator base_iterator_type; typedef lex::lexertl::token< base_iterator_type, boost::mpl::vector< double, std::string > > token_type; typedef lex::lexertl::lexer< token_type > lexer_type; typedef LangLexer< lexer_type > LangLexer; typedef LangLexer::iterator_type iterator_type; typedef LangGrammar< iterator_type, LangLexer::lexer_def > LangGrammar; LangLexer lexer; LangGrammar grammar( lexer ); std::string str( read_from_file( 1 == argc ? "boostLexTest.dat" : argv[1] ) ); base_iterator_type strBegin = str.begin(); iterator_type tokenItor = lexer.begin( strBegin, str.end() ); iterator_type tokenItorEnd = lexer.end(); std::cout << std::setfill( '*' ) << std::setw(20) << '*' << std::endl << str << std::endl << std::setfill( '*' ) << std::setw(20) << '*' << std::endl; bool result = qi::phrase_parse( tokenItor, tokenItorEnd, grammar, qi::in_state( "WS" )[ lexer.self ] ); if( result ) { std::cout << "Parsing successful" << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Parsing error" << std::endl; } return( 0 ); } Here is the output of running this (the file read into the string is dumped out first in main) ******************** { a = 5; if( a ){ b = 2; } } ******************** <program> <try>{</try> <block> <try>{</try> <statement> <try></try> <assignment> <try></try> <expression> <try></try> <success>;</success> <attributes>(5)</attributes> </expression> <success></success> <attributes>()</attributes> </assignment> <success></success> <attributes>()</attributes> </statement> <statement> <try></try> <assignment> <try></try> <fail/> </assignment> <if_stmt> <try> if(</try> <fail/> </if_stmt> <fail/> </statement> <fail/> </block> <fail/> </program> Parsing error

    Read the article

  • Creating and using a static lib in xcode (MacOSX)

    - by Alasdair Morrison
    I am trying to create a static library in xcode and link to that static library from another program. So as a test i have created a BSD static C library project and just added the following code: //Test.h int testFunction(); //Test.cpp #include "Test.h" int testFunction() { return 12; } This compiles fine and create a .a file (libTest.a). Now i want to use it in another program so I create a new xcode project (cocoa application) Have the following code: //main.cpp #include <iostream> #include "Testlib.h" int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) { // insert code here... std::cout << "Result:\n" <<testFunction(); return 0; } //Testlib.h extern int testFunction(); I right clicked on the project - add - existing framework - add other Selected the .a file and it added it into the project view. I always get this linker error: Build TestUselibrary of project TestUselibrary with configuration Debug Ld build/Debug/TestUselibrary normal x86_64 cd /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.6 /Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.2 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -L/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug -L/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/../Test/build/Debug -F/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug -filelist /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/TestUselibrary.build/Debug/TestUselibrary.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/TestUselibrary.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.6 -lTest -o /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug/TestUselibrary Undefined symbols: "testFunction()", referenced from: _main in main.o ld: symbol(s) not found collect2: ld returned 1 exit status I am new to macosx development and fairly new to c++. I am probably missing something fairly obvious, all my experience comes from creating dlls on the windows platform. I really appreciate any help.

    Read the article

  • Printing Arrays from Structs

    - by Carlll
    I've been stumped for a few hours on an exercise where I must use functions to build up an array inside a struct and print it. In my current program, it compiles but crashes upon running. #define LIM 10 typedef char letters[LIM]; typedef struct { int counter; letters words[LIM]; } foo; int main(int argc, char **argv){ foo apara; structtest(apara, LIM); print_struct(apara); } int structtest(foo *p, int limit){ p->counter = 0; int i =0; for(i; i< limit ;i++){ strcpy(p->words[p->counter], "x"); //only filling arrays with 'x' as an example p->counter ++; } return; I do believe it's due to my incorrect usage/combination of pointers. I've tried adjusting them, but either an 'incompatible types' error is produced, or the array is seemingly blank } void print_struct(foo p){ printf(p.words); } I haven't made it successfully up to the print_struct stage, but I'm unsure whether p.words is the correct item to be calling. In the output, I would expect the function to return an array of x's. I apologize in advance if I've made some sort of grievous "I should already know this" C mistake. Thanks for your help.

    Read the article

  • Function that prints something to std::ostream and returns std::ostream?

    - by dehmann
    I want to write a function that outputs something to a ostream that's passed in, and return the stream, like this: std::ostream& MyPrint(int val, std::ostream* out) { *out << val; return *out; } int main(int argc, char** argv){ std::cout << "Value: " << MyPrint(12, &std::cout) << std::endl; return 0; } It would be convenient to print the value like this and embed the function call in the output operator chain, like I did in main(). It doesn't work, however, and prints this: $ ./a.out 12Value: 0x6013a8 The desired output would be this: Value: 12 How can I fix this? Do I have to define an operator<< instead? UPDATE: Clarified what the desired output would be. UPDATE2: Some people didn't understand why I would print a number like that, using a function instead of printing it directly. This is a simplified example, and in reality the function prints a complex object rather than an int.

    Read the article

  • E_ACCESSDENIED on CoCreateInstance

    - by vucetica
    Here is a code snippet #include "stdafx.h" #include <tchar.h> #include <windows.h> #include <dshow.h> #include <ExDisp.h> int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { CoInitialize(NULL); HRESULT hr = S_OK; DWORD err = 0; // Try to create graph builder IGraphBuilder* pGraph = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void**)&pGraph ); err = GetLastError(); // Here, hr is E_ACCESSDENIED // err is 5 (ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) // Try to create capture graph builder (succeeds) ICaptureGraphBuilder2* pBuild = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder2, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **)&pBuild ); err = GetLastError(); // Here, hr is S_OK // err is 0 (ERROR_SUCCESS) // Try to create IWebBrowser (succeeds) IWebBrowser2* pBrowser = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance (CLSID_InternetExplorer, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IWebBrowser2, (LPVOID *)&pBrowser); err = GetLastError(); // Here, hr is S_OK // err is 0 (ERROR_SUCCESS) return 0; } I'm trying to create IFilterGraph, which fails with E_ACCESSDENIED. On the other hand, creating other directshow objects works ok. The same with some other COM objects (tried with IWebBrowser2 as an example). Any idea what can be the problem? Thanks!

    Read the article

  • Why does this cast to Base class in virtual function give a segmentation fault?

    - by dehmann
    I want to print out a derived class using the operator<<. When I print the derived class, I want to first print its base and then its own content. But I ran into some trouble (see segfault below): class Base { public: friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Base&); virtual void Print(std::ostream& out) const { out << "BASE!"; } }; std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Base& b) { b.Print(out); return out; } class Derived : public Base { public: virtual void Print(std::ostream& out) const { out << "My base: "; //((const Base*)this)->Print(out); // infinite, calls this fct recursively //((Base*)this)->Print(out); // segfault (from infinite loop?) ((Base)*this).Print(out); // OK out << " ... and myself."; } }; int main(int argc, char** argv){ Derived d; std::cout << d; return 0; } Why can't I cast in one of these ways? ((const Base*)this)->Print(out); // infinite, calls this fct recursively ((Base*)this)->Print(out); // segfault (from infinite loop?)

    Read the article

  • How to determine the data type of a CvMat

    - by Chris
    When using the CvMat type, the type of data is crucial to keeping your program running. For example, depending on whether your data is type float or unsigned char, you would choose one of these two commands: cvmGet(mat, row, col); cvGetReal2D(mat, row, col); Is there a universal approach to this? If the wrong data type matrix is passed to these calls, they crash at runtime. This is becoming an issue, since a function I have defined is getting passed several different types of matrices. How do you determine the data type of a matrix so you can always access its data? I tried using the "type()" function as such. CvMat* tmp_ptr = cvCreateMat(t_height,t_width,CV_8U); std::cout << "type = " << tmp_ptr->type() << std::endl; This does not compile, saying "term does not evaluate to a function taking 0 arguments". If I remove the brackets after the word type, I get a type of 1111638032 EDIT minimal application that reproduces this... int main( int argc, char** argv ) { CvMat *tmp2 = cvCreateMat(10,10, CV_32FC1); std::cout << "tmp2 type = " << tmp2->type << " and CV_32FC1 = " << CV_32FC1 << " and " << (tmp2->type == CV_32FC1) << std::endl; } Output: tmp2 type = 1111638021 and CV_32FC1 = 5 and 0

    Read the article

  • When is a>a true ?

    - by Cricri
    Right, I think I really am living a dream. I have the following piece of code which I compile and run on an AIX machine: AIX 3 5 PowerPC_POWER5 processor type IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V10.1 Version: 10.01.0000.0003 #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #define RADIAN(x) ((x) * acos(0.0) / 90.0) double nearest_distance(double radius,double lon1, double lat1, double lon2, double lat2){ double rlat1=RADIAN(lat1); double rlat2=RADIAN(lat2); double rlon1=lon1; double rlon2=lon2; double a=0,b=0,c=0; a = sin(rlat1)*sin(rlat2)+ cos(rlat1)*cos(rlat2)*cos(rlon2-rlon1); printf("%lf\n",a); if (a > 1) { printf("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\n"); } b = acos(a); c = radius * b; return radius*(acos(sin(rlat1)*sin(rlat2)+ cos(rlat1)*cos(rlat2)*cos(rlon2-rlon1))); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { nearest_distance(6367.47,10,64,10,64); return 0; } Now, the value of 'a' after the calculation is reported as being '1'. And, on this AIX machine, it looks like 1 1 is true as my 'if' is entered !!! And my acos of what I think is '1' returns NanQ since 1 is bigger than 1. May I ask how that is even possible ? I do not know what to think anymore ! The code works just fine on other architectures where 'a' really takes the value of what I think is 1 and acos(a) is 0.

    Read the article

  • how is data stored at bit level according to "Endianness" ?

    - by bakra
    I read about Endianness and understood squat... so I wrote this main() { int k = 0xA5B9BF9F; BYTE *b = (BYTE*)&k; //value at *b is 9f b++; //value at *b is BF b++; //value at *b is B9 b++; //value at *b is A5 } k was equal to "A5 B9 BF 9F" and (byte)pointer "walk" o/p was "9F BF b9 A5" so I get it bytes are stored backwards...ok. ~ so now I thought how is it stored at BIT level... I means is "9f"(1001 1111) stored as "f9"(1111 1001)? so I wrote this int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { int k = 0xA5B9BF9F; void *ptr = &k; bool temp= TRUE; cout<<"ready or not here I come \n"< for(int i=0;i<32;i++) { temp = *( (bool*)ptr + i ); if( temp ) cout<<"1 "; if( !temp) cout<<"0 "; if(i==7||i==15||i==23) cout<<" - "; } } I get some random output even for nos. like "32" I dont get anything sensible. why ?

    Read the article

  • Creating and using a static lib in xcode

    - by Alasdair Morrison
    I am trying to create a static library in xcode and link to that static library from another program. So as a test i have created a BSD static C library project and just added the following code: //Test.h int testFunction(); //Test.cpp #include "Test.h" int testFunction() { return 12; } This compiles fine and create a .a file (libTest.a). Now i want to use it in another program so I create a new xcode project (cocoa application) Have the following code: //main.cpp #include <iostream> #include "Testlib.h" int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) { // insert code here... std::cout << "Result:\n" <<testFunction(); return 0; } //Testlib.h extern int testFunction(); I right clicked on the project - add - existing framework - add other Selected the .a file and it added it into the project view. I always get this linker error: Build TestUselibrary of project TestUselibrary with configuration Debug Ld build/Debug/TestUselibrary normal x86_64 cd /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.6 /Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.2 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -L/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug -L/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/../Test/build/Debug -F/Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug -filelist /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/TestUselibrary.build/Debug/TestUselibrary.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/TestUselibrary.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.6 -lTest -o /Users/myname/location/TestUselibrary/build/Debug/TestUselibrary Undefined symbols: "testFunction()", referenced from: _main in main.o ld: symbol(s) not found collect2: ld returned 1 exit status I am new to macosx development and fairly new to c++. I am probably missing something fairly obvious, all my experience comes from creating dlls on the windows platform. I really appreciate any help.

    Read the article

  • string Comparison

    - by muhammad-aslam
    I want to compare two user input strings, but not able to do so... #include "stdafx.h" #include "iostream" #include "string" using namespace std; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv0[]) { string my_string; string my_string2; cout<<"Enter string"<<endl; cin>>my_string; cout<<"Enter 2nd string"<<endl; cin>>my_string2; cout<<my_string<<" "<<my_string2; strcmp(my_string,my_string2); int result; result= strcmp(my_string,my_string2); cout<<result<<endl; return 0; } This error is appearing. Error 1 error C2664: 'strcmp' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'std::string' to 'const char *' c:\users\asad\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\string\string\string.cpp 23 String

    Read the article

  • operator<< cannot output std::endl -- Fix?

    - by dehmann
    The following code gives an error when it's supposed to output just std::endl: #include <iostream> #include <sstream> struct MyStream { std::ostream* out_; MyStream(std::ostream* out) : out_(out) {} std::ostream& operator<<(const std::string& s) { (*out_) << s; return *out_; } }; template<class OutputStream> struct Foo { OutputStream* out_; Foo(OutputStream* out) : out_(out) {} void test() { (*out_) << "OK" << std::endl; (*out_) << std::endl; // ERROR } }; int main(int argc, char** argv){ MyStream out(&std::cout); Foo<MyStream> foo(&out); foo.test(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } The error is: stream1.cpp:19: error: no match for 'operator<<' in '*((Foo<MyStream>*)this)->Foo<MyStream>::out_ << std::endl' stream1.cpp:7: note: candidates are: std::ostream& MyStream::operator<<(const std::string&) So it can output a string (see line above the error), but not just the std::endl, presumably because std::endl is not a string, but the operator<< definition asks for a string. Templating the operator<< didn't help: template<class T> std::ostream& operator<<(const T& s) { ... } How can I make the code work? Thanks!

    Read the article

  • Valgrind says "stack allocation," I say "heap allocation"

    - by Joel J. Adamson
    Dear Friends, I am trying to trace a segfault with valgrind. I get the following message from valgrind: ==3683== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s) ==3683== at 0x4C277C5: sparse_mat_mat_kron (sparse.c:165) ==3683== by 0x4C2706E: rec_mating (rec.c:176) ==3683== by 0x401C1C: age_dep_iterate (age_dep.c:287) ==3683== by 0x4014CB: main (age_dep.c:92) ==3683== Uninitialised value was created by a stack allocation ==3683== at 0x401848: age_dep_init_params (age_dep.c:131) ==3683== ==3683== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s) ==3683== at 0x4C277C7: sparse_mat_mat_kron (sparse.c:165) ==3683== by 0x4C2706E: rec_mating (rec.c:176) ==3683== by 0x401C1C: age_dep_iterate (age_dep.c:287) ==3683== by 0x4014CB: main (age_dep.c:92) ==3683== Uninitialised value was created by a stack allocation ==3683== at 0x401848: age_dep_init_params (age_dep.c:131) However, here's the offending line: /* allocate mating table */ age_dep_data->mtable = malloc (age_dep_data->geno * sizeof (double *)); if (age_dep_data->mtable == NULL) error (ENOMEM, ENOMEM, nullmsg, __LINE__); for (int j = 0; j < age_dep_data->geno; j++) { 131=> age_dep_data->mtable[j] = calloc (age_dep_data->geno, sizeof (double)); if (age_dep_data->mtable[j] == NULL) error (ENOMEM, ENOMEM, nullmsg, __LINE__); } What gives? I thought any call to malloc or calloc allocated heap space; there is no other variable allocated here, right? Is it possible there's another allocation going on (the offending stack allocation) that I'm not seeing? You asked to see the code, here goes: /* Copyright 2010 Joel J. Adamson <[email protected]> $Id: age_dep.c 1010 2010-04-21 19:19:16Z joel $ age_dep.c:main file Joel J. Adamson -- http://www.unc.edu/~adamsonj Servedio Lab University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB #3280, Coker Hall Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 This file is part of an investigation of age-dependent sexual selection. This code is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with haploid. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ #include "age_dep.h" /* global variables */ extern struct argp age_dep_argp; /* global error message variables */ char * nullmsg = "Null pointer: %i"; /* error message for conversions: */ char * errmsg = "Representation error: %s"; /* precision for formatted output: */ const char prec[] = "%-#9.8f "; const size_t age_max = AGEMAX; /* maximum age of males */ static int keep_going_p = 1; int main (int argc, char ** argv) { /* often used counters: */ int i, j; /* read the command line */ struct age_dep_args age_dep_args = { NULL, NULL, NULL }; argp_parse (&age_dep_argp, argc, argv, 0, 0, &age_dep_args); /* set the parameters here: */ /* initialize an age_dep_params structure, set the members */ age_dep_params_t * params = malloc (sizeof (age_dep_params_t)); if (params == NULL) error (ENOMEM, ENOMEM, nullmsg, __LINE__); age_dep_init_params (params, &age_dep_args); /* initialize frequencies: this initializes a list of pointers to initial frqeuencies, terminated by a NULL pointer*/ params->freqs = age_dep_init (&age_dep_args); params->by = 0.0; /* what range of parameters do we want, and with what stepsize? */ /* we should go from 0 to half-of-theta with a step size of about 0.01 */ double from = 0.0; double to = params->theta / 2.0; double stepsz = 0.01; /* did you think I would spell the whole word? */ unsigned int numparts = floor(to / stepsz); do { #pragma omp parallel for private(i) firstprivate(params) \ shared(stepsz, numparts) for (i = 0; i < numparts; i++) { params->by = i * stepsz; int tries = 0; while (keep_going_p) { /* each time through, modify mfreqs and mating table, then go again */ keep_going_p = age_dep_iterate (params, ++tries); if (keep_going_p == ERANGE) error (ERANGE, ERANGE, "Failure to converge\n"); } fprintf (stdout, "%i iterations\n", tries); } /* for i < numparts */ params->freqs = params->freqs->next; } while (params->freqs->next != NULL); return 0; } inline double age_dep_pmate (double age_dep_t, unsigned int genot, double bp, double ba) { /* the probability of mating between these phenotypes */ /* the female preference depends on whether the female has the preference allele, the strength of preference (parameter bp) and the male phenotype (age_dep_t); if the female lacks the preference allele, then this will return 0, which is not quite accurate; it should return 1 */ return bits_isset (genot, CLOCI)? 1.0 - exp (-bp * age_dep_t) + ba: 1.0; } inline double age_dep_trait (int age, unsigned int genot, double by) { /* return the male trait, a function of the trait locus, age, the age-dependent scaling parameter (bx) and the males condition genotype */ double C; double T; /* get the male's condition genotype */ C = (double) bits_popcount (bits_extract (0, CLOCI, genot)); /* get his trait genotype */ T = bits_isset (genot, CLOCI + 1)? 1.0: 0.0; /* return the trait value */ return T * by * exp (age * C); } int age_dep_iterate (age_dep_params_t * data, unsigned int tries) { /* main driver routine */ /* number of bytes for female frequencies */ size_t geno = data->age_dep_data->geno; size_t genosize = geno * sizeof (double); /* female frequencies are equal to male frequencies at birth (before selection) */ double ffreqs[geno]; if (ffreqs == NULL) error (ENOMEM, ENOMEM, nullmsg, __LINE__); /* do not set! Use memcpy (we need to alter male frequencies (selection) without altering female frequencies) */ memmove (ffreqs, data->freqs->freqs[0], genosize); /* for (int i = 0; i < geno; i++) */ /* ffreqs[i] = data->freqs->freqs[0][i]; */ #ifdef PRMTABLE age_dep_pr_mfreqs (data); #endif /* PRMTABLE */ /* natural selection: */ age_dep_ns (data); /* normalized mating table with new frequencies */ age_dep_norm_mtable (ffreqs, data); #ifdef PRMTABLE age_dep_pr_mtable (data); #endif /* PRMTABLE */ double * newfreqs; /* mutate here */ /* i.e. get the new frequency of 0-year-olds using recombination; */ newfreqs = rec_mating (data->age_dep_data); /* return block */ { if (sim_stop_ck (data->freqs->freqs[0], newfreqs, GENO, TOL) == 0) { /* if we have converged, stop the iterations and handle the data */ age_dep_sim_out (data, stdout); return 0; } else if (tries > MAXTRIES) return ERANGE; else { /* advance generations */ for (int j = age_max - 1; j < 0; j--) memmove (data->freqs->freqs[j], data->freqs->freqs[j-1], genosize); /* advance the first age-class */ memmove (data->freqs->freqs[0], newfreqs, genosize); return 1; } } } void age_dep_ns (age_dep_params_t * data) { /* calculate the new frequency of genotypes given additive fitness and selection coefficient s */ size_t geno = data->age_dep_data->geno; double w[geno]; double wbar, dtheta, ttheta, dcond, tcond; double t, cond; /* fitness parameters */ double mu, nu; mu = data->wparams[0]; nu = data->wparams[1]; /* calculate fitness */ for (int j = 0; j < age_max; j++) { int i; for (i = 0; i < geno; i++) { /* calculate male trait: */ t = age_dep_trait(j, i, data->by); /* calculate condition: */ cond = (double) bits_popcount (bits_extract(0, CLOCI, i)); /* trait-based fitness term */ dtheta = data->theta - t; ttheta = (dtheta * dtheta) / (2.0 * nu * nu); /* condition-based fitness term */ dcond = CLOCI - cond; tcond = (dcond * dcond) / (2.0 * mu * mu); /* calculate male fitness */ w[i] = 1 + exp(-tcond) - exp(-ttheta); } /* calculate mean fitness */ /* as long as we calculate wbar before altering any values of freqs[], we're safe */ wbar = gen_mean (data->freqs->freqs[j], w, geno); for (i = 0; i < geno; i++) data->freqs->freqs[j][i] = (data->freqs->freqs[j][i] * w[i]) / wbar; } } void age_dep_norm_mtable (double * ffreqs, age_dep_params_t * params) { /* this function produces a single mating table that forms the input for recombination () */ /* i is female genotype; j is male genotype; k is male age */ int i,j,k; double norm_denom; double trait; size_t geno = params->age_dep_data->geno; for (i = 0; i < geno; i++) { double norm_mtable[geno]; /* initialize the denominator: */ norm_denom = 0.0; /* find the probability of mating and add it to the denominator */ for (j = 0; j < geno; j++) { /* initialize entry: */ norm_mtable[j] = 0.0; for (k = 0; k < age_max; k++) { trait = age_dep_trait (k, j, params->by); norm_mtable[j] += age_dep_pmate (trait, i, params->bp, params->ba) * (params->freqs->freqs)[k][j]; } norm_denom += norm_mtable[j]; } /* now calculate entry (i,j) */ for (j = 0; j < geno; j++) params->age_dep_data->mtable[i][j] = (ffreqs[i] * norm_mtable[j]) / norm_denom; } } My current suspicion is the array newfreqs: I can't memmove, memcpy or assign a stack variable then hope it will persist, can I? rec_mating() returns double *.

    Read the article

  • instantiate python object within a c function called via ctypes

    - by gwk
    My embedded Python 3.3 program segfaults when I instantiate python objects from a c function called by ctypes. After setting up the interpreter, I can successfully instantiate a python Int (as well as a custom c extension type) from c main: #import <Python/Python.h> #define LOGPY(x) \ { fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", #x); PyObject_Print((PyObject*)(x), stderr, 0); fputc('\n', stderr); } // c function to be called from python script via ctypes. void instantiate() { PyObject* instance = PyObject_CallObject((PyObject*)&PyLong_Type, NULL); LOGPY(instance); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { Py_Initialize(); instantiate(); // works fine // run a script that calls instantiate() via ctypes. FILE* scriptFile = fopen("emb.py", "r"); if (!scriptFile) { fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: cannot open script file\n"); return 1; } PyRun_SimpleFileEx(scriptFile, scriptPath, 1); // close on completion return 0; } I then run a python script using PyRun_SimpleFileEx. It appears to run just fine, but when it calls instantiate() via ctypes, the program segfaults inside PyObject_CallObject: import ctypes as ct dy = ct.CDLL('./emb') dy.instantiate() # segfaults lldb output: instance: 0 Process 52068 stopped * thread #1: tid = 0x1c03, 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69, stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x18) frame #0: 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69 Python`PyObject_Call + 69: -> 0x10000d3f5: movl 24(%rax), %edx 0x10000d3f8: incl %edx 0x10000d3fa: movl %edx, 24(%rax) 0x10000d3fd: leaq 2069148(%rip), %rax ; _Py_CheckRecursionLimit (lldb) bt * thread #1: tid = 0x1c03, 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69, stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x18) frame #0: 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69 frame #1: 0x00000001000d5197 Python`PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords + 87 frame #2: 0x0000000201100d8e emb`instantiate + 30 at emb.c:9 Why does the call to instantiate() fail from ctypes only? The function only crashes when it calls into the python lib, so perhaps some interpreter state is getting munged by the ctypes FFI call?

    Read the article

  • Invalid argument in sendfile() with two regular files

    - by Daniel Hershcovich
    I'm trying to test the sendfile() system call under Linux 2.6.32 to zero-copy data between two regular files. As far as I understand, it should work: ever since 2.6.22, sendfile() has been implemented using splice(), and both the input file and the output file can be either regular files or sockets. The following is the content of sendfile_test.c: #include <sys/sendfile.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int result; int in_file; int out_file; in_file = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); out_file = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); result = sendfile(out_file, in_file, NULL, 1); if (result == -1) perror("sendfile"); close(in_file); close(out_file); return 0; } And when I'm running the following commands: $ gcc sendfile_test.c $ ./a.out infile The output is sendfile: Bad file descriptor Which means that the system call resulted in errno = -EINVAL, I think. What am I doing wrong?

    Read the article

  • Objective-C autorelease pool not releasing object

    - by Chris
    Hi I am very new to Objective-C and was reading through memory management. I was trying to play around a bit with the NSAutoreleasePool but somehow it wont release my object. I have a class with a setter and getter which basically sets a NSString *name. After releasing the pool I tried to NSLog the object and it still works but I guess it should not? @interface TestClass : NSObject { NSString *name; } - (void) setName: (NSString *) string; - (NSString *) name; @end @implementation TestClass - (void) setName: (NSString *) string { name = string; } - (NSString *) name { return name; } @end int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; TestClass *var = [[TestClass alloc] init]; [var setName:@"Chris"]; [var autorelease]; [pool release]; // This should not be possible? NSLog(@"%@",[var name]); return 0; }

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27  | Next Page >