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  • Botting from a stick drive

    - by Zap
    Am trying to boot from a usb stick. Have carefully followed the instructions at the following link and successfully downloaded and installed version Ubuntu 12.04 desk top: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows I used the Universal-USB-Installer-1.9.0.2 as instructed and choose the "Ubuntu 12.04 desk top" option, after downloading the respective iso/zip file onto my Dell laptop from the Ubuntu site. Also modified my bios to select the usb first as boot drive instead of hard drive. Also, turned off bit blocker on my laptop and usb stick. Usb stick has the setting of "Automatically unlock this drive on this computer". When i reboot my laptop, it first boots into a black screen (i assume is the bios), but prompts saying "Remove disks or other media. Press any key to start". I press any key and regardless the laptop boots up to windows. Hence, it appears that the boot process is checking the USB first before going to the hard drive to look for it's boot disk and starting Windows 7. Is it that the USB stick is not correctly configured with Ubuntu as a boot disk? Is there anything else that i need to do besides the instructions at the following link? http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows How can I ensure that USB boot stick is configured correctly? After running the Universal-USB-Installer-1.9.0.2 to "install" Ubuntu, is there additional configuration/installation steps? What is the first file that the bios would look for on this USB drive? Is this configured somewhere in the bios, or would it just look for an grub file or /boot dir? The only message i get when booting is "Remove disks or other media. Press any key to start". Any and all help would be much appreciated.. Thanks ... :)

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  • Unable to install ubuntu on a AMD 64 bit system with a AMD Radeon HD 6670 graphics card

    - by Tom Wingrove
    I’ve been running a dual boot system (Ubuntu/Windows7) for two years or so with no problems. I recently built an AMD 64 Bit System, re-installed Windows but when I went to load Ubuntu inside Windows, hit a snag. The screen view during installation became small square blocks of colour, which obviously is a graphics drive problem. I tried various live disks both 32 & 64 bit for, Ubuntu 12.04, 11.10 & 10.10, all but Ubuntu 10.10 had the same problem. Ubuntu 10.10 loaded ok, installed the presented ATI graphics driver as usual but was left with the AMD Unsupported watermark at the bottom right of the screen. The graphics card installed in the computer is an MSI ATI Radeon HD 6670 (in effect an AMD Radeon HD 6670). I am fairly new to linux and while I can install and tweak the OS, I am rather baffled as to what to do. So my question is will an up to date ATI Driver be released in the near future for installation/live disks? Or am I going to have to downgrade my graphics card to use linux? Yours Tom Wingrove

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  • Native AAA games coming to Ubuntu. Where they will be installed?

    - by user86274
    Many users use SSD disks (and I believe many more in the future) for their OS. 128GB SSD disks are common place nowadays and many users (like me) use their SSD for dual booting (Windows and Ubuntu). Ubuntu installations like this occupies 20-40 GB (/ , /home and swap). Up to now there was no problem. In a few weeks though, triple A games are coming to Ubuntu (i.e. l4d2) that require probably tens of GB for installation. In windows there is no problem, because you can install a game anywhere you want (i.e. I install games in D:/Games/). In Ubuntu, though, programs install files in many places (i.e. /usr/* , /lib, /etc ) so from what I remember, I never had the option to choose where to install a program. So, how will it be possible to install AAA games that require many GBs, when our Ubuntu installations won't have the necessary space? Could a /opt mounted on a mechanical disk (HDD) be the solution? Is it something I am missing?

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  • Installing 10.04 server on HP xw9400 Workstation with RAID 5

    - by Dave Long
    I have a workstation that was given to me that is a friggen powerhouse, so I figured I would set it up as my development and demo server. This is my first experience installing Ubuntu onto a RAID array and so far it has not been a fun one. I have been following the Advanced Installation guide for installing Ubuntu 10.04 server, and it says that there will be an option on the Partition Disks screen to manually create the partitions, but the only options I have are: Configure iSCSI volumes Undo changes to partitions Finish partitioning and write changes to disk Just before I got to that screen I got a message that said: One or more drives containing Serial ATA RAID configurations have been found. Do you wish to activate these RAID devices? It doesn't matter whether I answer yes or no to that, I still get the same Partition Disks screen. When I try to select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk I just get the No root file system error. Has anyone else experienced this, and how do I get past it? Can I not run Ubuntu on this machine?

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  • recovering raid 0 hard disk

    - by Hiawatha
    I bumped to a huge (for me) problem. I was running dual boot system (win 7 / linux) and at some point I decided to test fedora ( I am new in Linux ). My hard disk conf: 3 hard disks each 1 TB, 2 set to raid 0 with windows running on it and 1 for linux. After installing it from live usb I found out that windows 7 is not in grub anymore and while booting shows raid error. I installed back Ubuntu and ran Disk Utility and checked now I have one disks (raid 0) failed (READ) error. First has 5 bad sectors and second has 1 bad sector. And now I dont know what to do and how to repair. further I dont know which data i could provide to get help. I tried ntfsfix and got this output: Mounting volume... NTFS signature is missing. FAILED Attempting to correct errors... NTFS signature is missing. FAILED Failed to startup volume: Invalid argument NTFS signature is missing. Trying the alternate boot sector Unrecoverable error Volume is corrupt. You should run chkdsk. #sudo ntfs-3g -o force,rw /dev/sdb /media/windows NTFS signature is missing. Failed to mount '/dev/sdb': Invalid argument The device '/dev/sdb' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS. Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?

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  • How do I get my internal HDD to mount at startup?

    - by el_gallo_azul
    It's either not intuitive or not working in Ubuntu 14.04. I want to mount my internal HDD at at startup (I boot from an SSD). I attempt to set this, following this procedure: Open Disks utility Select the disk Below the disk's Volumes, click on the More actions button Select Edit Mount Options... Select Automatic Mount Options "Off" Under Mount Options, ensure that Mount at startup is selected Click OK Enter password into Authenticate dialog box Restart but this procedure doesn't work. Upon rebooting, and after Grub attempts to start Ubuntu, I receive the error message "An error occurred while mounting /mnt/4f721fc0-8072-453f-b48f-ca686bd89549. Press S to skip mounting or M for manual recovery". That identifier "4f721fc0-8072-453f-b48f-ca686bd89549" was automatically assigned by Ubuntu. I press S and the boot process continues OK. If I try to mount the disk immediately after booting, I receive the error message "Unable to access "Storage"" (I named the volume Storage). So then I start the Disks utility and set it to Automatic Mount Options "On" and reboot. To me, it seems like this should work, but it doesn't. Here are a number of photos of the process (Alt+PrtScn doesn't work after selecting More actions).

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  • 8 Mac System Features You Can Access in Recovery Mode

    - by Chris Hoffman
    A Mac’s Recovery Mode is for more than just reinstalling Mac OS X. You’ll find many other useful troubleshooting utilities here — you can use these even if your Mac can’t boot normally. To access Recovery Mode, restart your Mac and press and hold the Command + R keys during the boot-up process. This is one of several hidden startup options on a Mac. Reinstall Mac OS X Most people know Recovery Mode as the place you go to reinstall OS X on your Mac. Recovery Mode will download the OS X installer files from teh Intenret if you don’t have them locally, so they don’t take up space on your disk and you’ll never have to hunt for an opearign system disc. Better yet, it will download up-to-date installation files so you don’t have to spend hours installing operating system updates later. Microsoft could learn a lot from Apple here. Restore From a Time Machine Backup Instead of reinstalling OS X, you can choose to restore your Mac from a time machine backup. This is like restoring a system image on another operating system. You’ll need an external disk containing a backup image created on the current computer to do this. Browse the Web The Get Help Online link opens the Safari web browser to Apple’s documentation site. It’s not limited to Apple’s website, though — you can navigate to any website you like. This feature allows you to access and use a browser on your Mac even if it isn’t booting properly. It’s ideal for looking up troubleshooting information. Manage Your Disks The Disk Utility option opens the same Disk Utility you can access from within Mac OS X. It allows you to partition disks, format them, scan disks for problems, wipe drives, and set up drives in a RAID configuration. If you need to edit partitions from outside your operating system, you can just boot into the recovery environment — you don’t have to download a special partitioning tool and boot into it. Choose the Default Startup Disk Click the Apple menu on the bar at the top of your screen and select Startup Disk to access the Choose Startup Disk tool. Use this tool to choose your computer’s default startup disk and reboot into another operating system. For example, it’s useful if you have Windows installed alongside Mac OS X with Boot Camp. Add or Remove an EFI Firmware Password You can also add a firmware password to your Mac. This works like a BIOS password or UEFI password on a Windows or Linux PC. Click the Utilities menu on the bar at the top of your screen and select Firmware Password Utility to open this tool. Use the tool to turn on a firmware password, which will prevent your computer from starting up from a different hard disk, CD, DVD, or USB drive without the password you provide. This prevents people form booting up your Mac with an unauthorized operating system. If you’ve already enabled a firmware password, you can remove it from here. Use Network Tools to Troubleshoot Your Connection Select Utilities > Network Utility to open a network diagnostic tool. This utility provides a graphical way to view your network connection information. You can also use the netstat, ping, lookup, traceroute, whois, finger, and port scan utilities from here. These can be helpful to troubleshoot Internet connection problems. For example, the ping command can demonstrate whether you can communicate with a remote host and show you if you’re experiencing packet loss, while the traceroute command can show you where a connection is failing if you can’t connect to a remote server. Open a Terminal If you’d like to get your hands dirty, you can select Utilities > Terminal to open a terminal from here. This terminal allows you to do more advanced troubleshooting. Mac OS X uses the bash shell, just as typical Linux distributions do. Most people will just need to use the Reinstall Mac OS X option here, but there are many other tools you can benefit from. If the Recovery Mode files on your Mac are damaged or unavailable, your Mac will automatically download them from Apple so you can use the full recovery environment.

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  • Oracle Solaris: Zones on Shared Storage

    - by Jeff Victor
    Oracle Solaris 11.1 has several new features. At oracle.com you can find a detailed list. One of the significant new features, and the most significant new feature releated to Oracle Solaris Zones, is casually called "Zones on Shared Storage" or simply ZOSS (rhymes with "moss"). ZOSS offers much more flexibility because you can store Solaris Zones on shared storage (surprise!) so that you can perform quick and easy migration of a zone from one system to another. This blog entry describes and demonstrates the use of ZOSS. ZOSS provides complete support for a Solaris Zone that is stored on "shared storage." In this case, "shared storage" refers to fiber channel (FC) or iSCSI devices, although there is one lone exception that I will demonstrate soon. The primary intent is to enable you to store a zone on FC or iSCSI storage so that it can be migrated from one host computer to another much more easily and safely than in the past. With this blog entry, I wanted to make it easy for you to try this yourself. I couldn't assume that you have a SAN available - which is a good thing, because neither do I! What could I use, instead? [There he goes, foreshadowing again... -Ed.] Developing this entry reinforced the lesson that the solution to every lab problem is VirtualBox. Oracle VM VirtualBox (its formal name) helps here in a couple of important ways. It offers the ability to easily install multiple copies of Solaris as guests on top of any popular system (Microsoft Windows, MacOS, Solaris, Oracle Linux (and other Linuxes) etc.). It also offers the ability to create a separate virtual disk drive (VDI) that appears as a local hard disk to a guest. This virtual disk can be moved very easily from one guest to another. In other words, you can follow the steps below on a laptop or larger x86 system. Please note that the ability to use ZOSS to store a zone on a local disk is very useful for a lab environment, but not so useful for production. I do not suggest regularly moving disk drives among computers. In the method I describe below, that virtual hard disk will contain the zone that will be migrated among the (virtual) hosts. In production, you would use FC or iSCSI LUNs instead. The zonecfg(1M) man page details the syntax for each of the three types of devices. Why Migrate? Why is the migration of virtual servers important? Some of the most common reasons are: Moving a workload to a different computer so that the original computer can be turned off for extensive maintenance. Moving a workload to a larger system because the workload has outgrown its original system. If the workload runs in an environment (such as a Solaris Zone) that is stored on shared storage, you can restore the service of the workload on an alternate computer if the original computer has failed and will not reboot. You can simplify lifecycle management of a workload by developing it on a laptop, migrating it to a test platform when it's ready, and finally moving it to a production system. Concepts For ZOSS, the important new concept is named "rootzpool". You can read about it in the zonecfg(1M) man page, but here's the short version: it's the backing store (hard disk(s), or LUN(s)) that will be used to make a ZFS zpool - the zpool that will hold the zone. This zpool: contains the zone's Solaris content, i.e. the root file system does not contain any content not related to the zone can only be mounted by one Solaris instance at a time Method Overview Here is a brief list of the steps to create a zone on shared storage and migrate it. The next section shows the commands and output. You will need a host system with an x86 CPU (hopefully at least a couple of CPU cores), at least 2GB of RAM, and at least 25GB of free disk space. (The steps below will not actually use 25GB of disk space, but I don't want to lead you down a path that ends in a big sign that says "Your HDD is full. Good luck!") Configure the zone on both systems, specifying the rootzpool that both will use. The best way is to configure it on one system and then copy the output of "zonecfg export" to the other system to be used as input to zonecfg. This method reduces the chances of pilot error. (It is not necessary to configure the zone on both systems before creating it. You can configure this zone in multiple places, whenever you want, and migrate it to one of those places at any time - as long as those systems all have access to the shared storage.) Install the zone on one system, onto shared storage. Boot the zone. Provide system configuration information to the zone. (In the Real World(tm) you will usually automate this step.) Shutdown the zone. Detach the zone from the original system. Attach the zone to its new "home" system. Boot the zone. The zone can be used normally, and even migrated back, or to a different system. Details The rest of this shows the commands and output. The two hostnames are "sysA" and "sysB". Note that each Solaris guest might use a different device name for the VDI that they share. I used the device names shown below, but you must discover the device name(s) after booting each guest. In a production environment you would also discover the device name first and then configure the zone with that name. Fortunately, you can use the command "zpool import" or "format" to discover the device on the "new" host for the zone. The first steps create the VirtualBox guests and the shared disk drive. I describe the steps here without demonstrating them. Download VirtualBox and install it using a method normal for your host OS. You can read the complete instructions. Create two VirtualBox guests, each to run Solaris 11.1. Each will use its own VDI as its root disk. Install Solaris 11.1 in each guest.Install Solaris 11.1 in each guest. To install a Solaris 11.1 guest, you can either download a pre-built VirtualBox guest, and import it, or install Solaris 11.1 from the "text install" media. If you use the latter method, after booting you will not see a windowing system. To install the GUI and other important things, login and run "pkg install solaris-desktop" and take a break while it installs those important things. Life is usually easier if you install the VirtualBox Guest Additions because then you can copy and paste between the host and guests, etc. You can find the guest additions in the folder matching the version of VirtualBox you are using. You can also read the instructions for installing the guest additions. To create the zone's shared VDI in VirtualBox, you can open the storage configuration for one of the two guests, select the SATA controller, and click on the "Add Hard Disk" icon nearby. Choose "Create New Disk" and specify an appropriate path name for the file that will contain the VDI. The shared VDI must be at least 1.5 GB. Note that the guest must be stopped to do this. Add that VDI to the other guest - using its Storage configuration - so that each can access it while running. The steps start out the same, except that you choose "Choose Existing Disk" instead of "Create New Disk." Because the disk is configured on both of them, VirtualBox prevents you from running both guests at the same time. Identify device names of that VDI, in each of the guests. Solaris chooses the name based on existing devices. The names may be the same, or may be different from each other. This step is shown below as "Step 1." Assumptions In the example shown below, I make these assumptions. The guest that will own the zone at the beginning is named sysA. The guest that will own the zone after the first migration is named sysB. On sysA, the shared disk is named /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 On sysB, the shared disk is named /dev/dsk/c7t3d0 (Finally!) The Steps Step 1) Determine the name of the disk that will move back and forth between the systems. root@sysA:~# format Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c7t0d0 /pci@0,0/pci8086,2829@d/disk@0,0 1. c7t2d0 /pci@0,0/pci8086,2829@d/disk@2,0 Specify disk (enter its number): ^D Step 2) The first thing to do is partition and label the disk. The magic needed to write an EFI label is not overly complicated. root@sysA:~# format -e c7t2d0 selecting c7t2d0 [disk formatted] FORMAT MENU: ... format fdisk No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is: a 100% "SOLARIS System" partition Type "y" to accept the default partition, otherwise type "n" to edit the partition table. n SELECT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: ... Enter Selection: 1 ... G=EFI_SYS 0=Exit? f SELECT ONE... ... 6 format label ... Specify Label type[1]: 1 Ready to label disk, continue? y format quit root@sysA:~# ls /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 Step 3) Configure zone1 on sysA. root@sysA:~# zonecfg -z zone1 Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone. zonecfg:zone1 create create: Using system default template 'SYSdefault' zonecfg:zone1 set zonename=zone1 zonecfg:zone1 set zonepath=/zones/zone1 zonecfg:zone1 add rootzpool zonecfg:zone1:rootzpool add storage dev:dsk/c7t2d0 zonecfg:zone1:rootzpool end zonecfg:zone1 exit root@sysA:~# oot@sysA:~# zonecfg -z zone1 info zonename: zone1 zonepath: /zones/zone1 brand: solaris autoboot: false bootargs: file-mac-profile: pool: limitpriv: scheduling-class: ip-type: exclusive hostid: fs-allowed: anet: ... rootzpool: storage: dev:dsk/c7t2d0 Step 4) Install the zone. This step takes the most time, but you can wander off for a snack or a few laps around the gym - or both! (Just not at the same time...) root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 install Created zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T163634Z.zone1.install Image: Preparing at /zones/zone1/root. AI Manifest: /tmp/manifest.xml.RXaycg SC Profile: /usr/share/auto_install/sc_profiles/enable_sci.xml Zonename: zone1 Installation: Starting ... Creating IPS image Startup linked: 1/1 done Installing packages from: solaris origin: http://pkg.us.oracle.com/support/ DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) SPEED Completed 183/183 33556/33556 222.2/222.2 2.8M/s PHASE ITEMS Installing new actions 46825/46825 Updating package state database Done Updating image state Done Creating fast lookup database Done Installation: Succeeded Note: Man pages can be obtained by installing pkg:/system/manual done. Done: Installation completed in 1696.847 seconds. Next Steps: Boot the zone, then log into the zone console (zlogin -C) to complete the configuration process. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T163634Z.zone1.install Step 5) Boot the Zone. root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot Step 6) Login to zone's console to complete the specification of system information. root@sysA:~# zlogin -C zone1 Answer the usual questions and wait for a login prompt. Then you can end the console session with the usual "~." incantation. Step 7) Shutdown the zone so it can be "moved." root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 shutdown Step 8) Detach the zone so that the original global zone can't use it. root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 installed /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - zone1_rpool 1.98G 484M 1.51G 23% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 detach Exported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Step 9) Review the result and shutdown sysA so that sysB can use the shared disk. root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# init 0 Step 10) Now boot sysB and configure a zone with the parameters shown above in Step 1. (Again, the safest method is to use "zonecfg ... export" on sysA as described in section "Method Overview" above.) The one difference is the name of the rootzpool storage device, which was shown in the list of assumptions, and which you must determine by booting sysB and using the "format" or "zpool import" command. When that is done, you should see the output shown next. (I used the same zonename - "zone1" - in this example, but you can choose any valid zonename you want.) root@sysB:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysB:~# zonecfg -z zone1 info zonename: zone1 zonepath: /zones/zone1 brand: solaris autoboot: false bootargs: file-mac-profile: pool: limitpriv: scheduling-class: ip-type: exclusive hostid: fs-allowed: anet: linkname: net0 ... rootzpool: storage: dev:dsk/c7t3d0 Step 11) Attaching the zone automatically imports the zpool. root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 attach Imported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T184034Z.zone1.attach Installing: Using existing zone boot environment Zone BE root dataset: zone1_rpool/rpool/ROOT/solaris Cache: Using /var/pkg/publisher. Updating non-global zone: Linking to image /. Processing linked: 1/1 done Updating non-global zone: Auditing packages. No updates necessary for this image. Updating non-global zone: Zone updated. Result: Attach Succeeded. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T184034Z.zone1.attach root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot root@sysB:~# zlogin zone1 [Connected to zone 'zone1' pts/2] Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 Step 12) Now let's migrate the zone back to sysA. Create a file in zone1 so we can verify it exists after we migrate the zone back, then begin migrating it back. root@zone1:~# ls /opt root@zone1:~# touch /opt/fileA root@zone1:~# ls -l /opt/fileA -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 22 14:47 /opt/fileA root@zone1:~# exit logout [Connection to zone 'zone1' pts/2 closed] root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 shutdown root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 detach Exported zone zpool: zone1_rpool root@sysB:~# init 0 Step 13) Back on sysA, check the status. Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - Step 14) Re-attach the zone back to sysA. root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 attach Imported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T190441Z.zone1.attach Installing: Using existing zone boot environment Zone BE root dataset: zone1_rpool/rpool/ROOT/solaris Cache: Using /var/pkg/publisher. Updating non-global zone: Linking to image /. Processing linked: 1/1 done Updating non-global zone: Auditing packages. No updates necessary for this image. Updating non-global zone: Zone updated. Result: Attach Succeeded. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T190441Z.zone1.attach root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - zone1_rpool 1.98G 491M 1.51G 24% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot root@sysA:~# zlogin zone1 [Connected to zone 'zone1' pts/2] Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 root@zone1:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 1.98G 538M 1.46G 26% 1.00x ONLINE - Step 15) Check for the file created on sysB, earlier. root@zone1:~# ls -l /opt total 1 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 22 14:47 fileA Next Steps Here is a brief list of some of the fun things you can try next. Add space to the zone by adding a second storage device to the rootzpool. Make sure that you add it to the configurations of both zones! Create a new zone, specifying two disks in the rootzpool when you first configure the zone. When you install that zone, or clone it from another zone, zoneadm uses those two disks to create a mirrored pool. (Three disks will result in a three-way mirror, etc.) Conclusion Hopefully you have seen the ease with which you can now move Solaris Zones from one system to another.

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  • NFS issue brings down entire vSphere ESX estate

    - by growse
    I experienced an odd issue this morning where an NFS issue appeared to have taken down the majority of my VMs hosted on a small vSphere 5.0 estate. The infrastructure itself is 4x IBM HS21 blades running around 20 VMs. The storage is provided by a single HP X1600 array with attached D2700 chassis running Solaris 11. There's a couple of storage pools on this which are exposed over NFS for the storage of the VM files, and some iSCSI LUNs for things like MSCS shared disks. Normally, this is pretty stable, but I appreciate the lack of resiliancy in having a single X1600 doing all the storage. This morning, in the logs of each ESX host, at around 0521 GMT I saw a lot of entries like this: 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4cf9a8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4dc9e8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4d3fa8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4de0a8 3 [....] 2011-11-30T06:16:07.042Z cpu0:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:17:01.459Z cpu2:4011)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:25:17.887Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4c2b28 3 2011-11-30T06:27:16.063Z cpu3:4011)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000a4d8928 again 2011-11-30T06:35:30.827Z cpu1:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /tank/ISO, mounted as 5acdbb3e-410e56e3-0000-000000000000 ("ISO (1)") 2011-11-30T06:36:37.953Z cpu6:2054)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /tank/ISO, mounted as 5acdbb3e-410e56e3-0000-000000000000 ("ISO (1)") 2011-11-30T06:40:08.242Z cpu6:2054)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4c3e68 3 2011-11-30T06:40:34.647Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000a4d8928 again 2011-11-30T06:44:42.663Z cpu1:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:44:53.973Z cpu0:4011)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:51:28.296Z cpu5:2058)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000ae3c528 3 2011-11-30T06:51:44.024Z cpu4:2052)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000ae3b8e8 again 2011-11-30T06:56:30.758Z cpu4:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:56:53.389Z cpu7:2055)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T07:01:50.350Z cpu6:2054)ScsiDeviceIO: 2316: Cmd(0x41240072bc80) 0x12, CmdSN 0x9803 to dev "naa.600508e000000000505c16815a36c50d" failed H:0x0 D:0x2 P:0x0 Valid sense data: 0x5 0x24 0x0. 2011-11-30T07:03:48.449Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000ae46b68 3 2011-11-30T07:03:57.318Z cpu4:4009)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000ae48228 again (I've put a complete dump from one of the hosts on pastebin: http://pastebin.com/Vn60wgTt) When I got in the office at 9am, I saw various failures and alarms and troubleshooted the issue. It turned out that pretty much all of the VMs were inaccessible, and that the ESX hosts either were describing each VM as 'powered off', 'powered on', or 'unavailable'. The VMs described as 'powered on' where not in any way reachable or responding to pings, so this may be lies. There's absolutely no indication on the X1600 that anything was awry, and nothing on the switches to indicate any loss of connectivity. I only managed to resolve the issue by rebooting the ESX hosts in turn. I have a number of questions: What the hell happened? If this was a temporary NFS failure, why did it put the ESX hosts into a state from which a reboot was the only recovery? In the future, when the NFS server goes a little off-piste, what would be the best approach to add some resilience? I've been looking at budgeting for next year and potentially have budget to purchase another X1600/D2700/disks, would an identical mirrored disk setup help to mitigate these sorts of failures automatically? Edit (Added requested details) To expand with some details as requested: The X1600 has 12x 1TB disks lumped together in mirrored pairs as tank, and the D2700 (connected with a mini SAS cable) has 12x 300GB 10k SAS disks lumped together in mirrored pairs as sastank zpool status pool: rpool state: ONLINE scan: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM rpool ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t0d0s0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors pool: sastank state: ONLINE scan: scrub repaired 0 in 74h21m with 0 errors on Wed Nov 30 02:51:58 2011 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM sastank ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t14d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t15d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t16d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t17d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-2 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t18d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t19d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-3 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t20d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t21d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-4 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t22d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t23d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-5 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t24d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t25d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors pool: tank state: ONLINE scan: scrub repaired 0 in 17h28m with 0 errors on Mon Nov 28 17:58:19 2011 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM tank ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t1d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t2d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t3d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t4d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-2 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t5d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t6d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-3 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t8d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t9d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-4 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t10d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t11d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-5 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t12d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t13d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors The filesystem exposed over NFS for the primary datastore is sastank/VMStorage zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool 45.1G 13.4G 92.5K /rpool rpool/ROOT 2.28G 13.4G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/solaris 2.28G 13.4G 2.19G / rpool/dump 15.0G 13.4G 15.0G - rpool/export 11.9G 13.4G 32K /export rpool/export/home 11.9G 13.4G 32K /export/home rpool/export/home/andrew 11.9G 13.4G 11.9G /export/home/andrew rpool/swap 15.9G 29.2G 123M - sastank 1.08T 536G 33K /sastank sastank/VMStorage 1.01T 536G 1.01T /sastank/VMStorage sastank/comstar 71.7G 536G 31K /sastank/comstar sastank/comstar/sql_tempdb 6.31G 536G 6.31G - sastank/comstar/sql_tx_data 65.4G 536G 65.4G - tank 4.79T 578G 42K /tank tank/FTP 269G 578G 269G /tank/FTP tank/ISO 28.8G 578G 25.9G /tank/ISO tank/backupstage 2.64T 578G 2.49T /tank/backupstage tank/cifs 301G 578G 297G /tank/cifs tank/comstar 1.54T 578G 31K /tank/comstar tank/comstar/msdtc 1.07G 579G 32.8M - tank/comstar/quorum 577M 578G 47.9M - tank/comstar/sqldata 1.54T 886G 304G - tank/comstar/vsphere_lun 2.09G 580G 22.2M - tank/mcs-asset-repository 7.01M 578G 6.99M /tank/mcs-asset-repository tank/mscs-quorum 55K 578G 36K /tank/mscs-quorum tank/sccm 16.1G 578G 12.8G /tank/sccm As for the networking, all connections between the X1600, the Blades and the switch are either LACP or Etherchannel bonded 2x 1Gbit links. Switch is a single Cisco 3750. Storage traffic sits on its own VLAN segregated from VM machine traffic.

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  • MooseX::Types declaration issue, tight test case :)

    - by TJ Thompson
    So after an embarrassing amount of time debugging, I've finally stripped this issue ([http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4621589/perl-moose-typedecorator-error-how-do-i-debug][1]) down to a simple test case. I would humbly request some help understanding why it's failing :) Here is the error message I'm getting: plxc16479 $h2/tmp/tmp18.pl This method [new] requires a single argument. at /nfs/pdx/disks/nehalem.pde.077/perl/5.12.2/lib64/site_perl/MooseX/Types/TypeDecorator.pm line 91 MooseX::Types::TypeDecorator::new('MooseX::Types::TypeDecorator=HASH(0x655b90)') called at /nfs/pdx/disks/nehalem.pde.077/projects/lib/Program-Plist-Pl/lib/Program/Plist/Pl.pm line 10 Program::Plist::Pl::BUILD('Program::Plist::Pl=HASH(0x63d478)', 'HASH(0x63d220)') called at generated method (unknown origin) line 29 Program::Plist::Pl::new('Program::Plist::Pl') called at /nfs/pdx/disks/nehalem.pde.077/tmp/tmp18.pl line 10 Wrapper test script: use strict; use warnings; BEGIN {push(@INC, split(':', $ENV{PERL_TEST_LIBS}))}; use Program::Plist::Pl; my $obj = Program::Plist::Pl->new(); Program::Plist::Pl file: package Program::Plist::Pl; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; use Program::Types qw(Pattern); # <-- Removing this fixes error use Program::Plist::Pl::Pattern; sub BUILD { my $pattern_obj = Program::Plist::Pl::Pattern->new(); } __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable; 1; Program::Types file: package Program::Types; use MooseX::Types -declare => [qw(Pattern)]; class_type Pattern, {class => 'Program::Plist::Pl::Pattern'}; 1; And the Program::Plist::Pl::Pattern file: package Program::Plist::Pl::Pattern; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable; 1; Notes: While I don't need the Pattern type from Program::Types in the above code, I do in other code that is stripped out. The PERL_TEST_LIBS env var I'm pulling INC paths from only contains paths to the project modules. There are no other modules loaded from these paths. It appears the MooseX::Types definition for Pattern is causing problems, but I'm not sure why. Documentation shows the syntax I am using, but it's possible I'm misusing class_type as there isn't much said about it. Intent is to be able to use Pattern for type checking via MooseX::Params::Validate to verify the argument is a 'Program::Plist::Pl::Program' object. I've found that removing the intervening class Program::Plist::Pl from the equation by directly calling Pattern-new from the tmp18.pl wrapper results in no error, even when the Program::Types Pattern type is imported.

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  • Alternative to udev functionality on OSX

    - by S1syphus
    I'm trying to create a custom file/check in check out script for external hardrives, however part of the script is from a Linux machine, which I have tested works fine, but uses udevinfo, OS X doesn't have udev, so is there anything that offers the same functionality? #!/bin/bash declare -a EXTERNAL_DISKS declare -a INTERNAL_DISKS for disk in /dev/[sh]d[a-z]; do eval `udevinfo -q env -n $disk` [ "$ID_BUS" = "usb" ] && EXTERNAL_DISKS=( ${EXTERNAL_DISKS[@]} $disk ) [ "$ID_BUS" = "scsi" ] && INTERNAL_DISKS=( ${INTERNAL_DISKS[@]} $disk ) done echo "Internal disks: ${INTERNAL_DISKS[@]}" echo "External disks: ${EXTERNAL_DISKS[@]}" Anybody know any alternatives? Or a way this could be accomplished on OSX using bash?

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  • Questions about linux root file system.

    - by smwikipedia
    I read the manual page of the "mount" command, at it reads as below: All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree. My questions are: Where is this "big tree" located? Suppose I have 2 disks, if I mount them onto some point in the "big tree", does linux place some "special marks" in the mount point to indicate that these 2 "mount directories" are indeed seperate disks?

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  • SATA hard disk for laptop on Desktop PC

    - by Lawliet
    I know that this forum is for programming-related questions only, but I'm having this dilemma so here I go. Can I connect a laptop SATA hard disk to Desktop PC? Do I have to use some adapters or I can just plug in SATA power connector and SATA data cable like my Desktop hard disk is connected? I noticed that both laptop and desktop SATA disks use same connectors, but I'm afraid that I might fry my laptop hard disk because the SATA connector has both 12V and 5V voltage (given the fact that laptop hard disks has input voltage of 5V) Thanks in advance

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  • Reversing the effects of mkimage to get an original gzipped file back

    - by Alex Marshall
    Hello, We develop for a specific embedded device at our company, and part of that is making initial root disks that get loaded onto the devices over ethernet via netboot. We've experienced some problems, and as a result, the original folder with the contents of the initial root disks was lost along with its backups, but we do still have the initrd images, that have been created by gzipping the contents of a ramdisk that's been mounted as a local loop device, and then running mkimage on the gzipped file. Is there any way to undo the effects of mkimage and obtain the original gzipped content so that we can recover the original images ?

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  • Best choice for off-site backup: dd vs tar

    - by plok
    I have two 1TB single-partition hard disks configured as RAID1, of which I would like to make an off-site backup on a third disk, which I am still to buy. The idea is to store the backup at a relative's house, considerably far away from my place, in the hope that all the information will be safe in the case of a global thermonuclear apocalypse. Of course, this backup would be well encrypted. What I still have to decide is whether I am going to simply tar the entire partition or, instead, use dd to create an image of the disks. Is there any non-trivial difference between these two approaches that I could be overlooking? This off-site backup would be updated no more than two or three times a year, in the best of the cases, so performance should not be a factor to be pondered at all. What, and why, would you use if you were me? dd, tar, or a third option?

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  • Need data on disk drive management by OS: getting base I/O unit size, “sync” option, Direct Memory A

    - by Richard T
    Hello All, I want to ensure I have done all I can to configure a system's disks for serious database use. The three areas I know of (any others?) to be concerned about are: I/O size: the database engine and disk's native size should either match, or the database's native I/O size should be a multiple of the disk's native I/O size. Disks that are capable of Direct Memory Access (eg. IDE) should be configured for it. When a disk says it has written data persistently, it must be so! No keeping it in cache and lying about it. I have been looking for information on how to ensure these are so for CENTOS and Ubuntu, but can't seem to find anything at all! I want to be able to check these things and change them if needed. Any and all input appreciated.

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  • Linux not buffering block I/O when the device is not "in use" (i.e. mounted)

    - by Radek Hladík
    I am installing new server and I've found an interesting issue. The server is running Fedora 19 (3.11.7-200.fc19.x86_64 kernel) and is supposed to host a few KVM/Qemu virtual servers (mail server, file server, etc..). The HW is Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5160 @ 3.00GHz with 16GB RAM. One of the most important features will be Samba server and we have decided to make it as virtual machine with almost direct access to the disks. So the real HDD is cached on SSD (via bcache) then raided with md and the final device is exported into the virtual machine via virtio. The virtual machine is again Fedora 19 with the same kernel. One important topic to find out is whether the virtualization layer will not introduce high overload into disk I/Os. So far I've been able to get up to 180MB/s in VM and up to 220MB/s on real HW (on the SSD disk). I am still not sure why the overhead is so big but it is more than the network can handle so I do not care so much. The interesting thing is that I've found that the disk reads are not buffered in the VM unless I create and mount FS on the disk or I use the disks somehow. Simply put: Lets do dd to read disk for the first time (the /dev/vdd is an old Raptor disk 70MB/s is its real speed): [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 36.8038 s, 71.2 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Rereading the data shows that they are cached somewhere but not in buffers of the VM. Also the speed increased to "only" 500MB/s. The VM has 4GB of RAM (more that the test file) [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.16016 s, 508 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.05727 s, 518 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Now lets mount the FS on /dev/vdd and try the dd again: [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vdd /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 4.68578 s, 559 MB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 1.50504 s, 1.7 GB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB While the first read was the same, all 2.6GB got buffered and the next read was at 1.7GB/s. And when I unmount the device: [root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers Buffers: 14452 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.10499 s, 514 MB/s Buffers: 14468 kB The bcache was disabled while testing and the results are same on faster (newer) HDDs and on SSD (except for the initial read speed of course). To sum it up. When I read from the device via dd first time, it gets read from the disk. Next time I reread it gets cached in the host but not in the guest (thats actually the same issue, more on that later). When I mount the filesystem but try to read the device directly it gets cached in VM (via buffers). As soon as I stop "using" it, buffers are discarded and the device is not cached anymore in the VM. When I looked into buffers value on the host I realized that the situation is the same. The block I/O gets buffered only when the disk is in use, in this case it means "exported to a VM". On host, after all the measurement done: 3165552 buffers On the host, after the VM shutdown: 119176 buffers I know it is not important as the disks will be mounted all the time but I am curious and I would like to know why it is working like this.

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  • Cannot create zpool, how to get rid of intel raid volume?

    - by nagylzs
    This is a FreeBSD 9.1 amd64 computer. It has 5 disks installed. The ada0 and ada1 disks are used with a hw raid to provide the root filesystem: root@gw:/home/gandalf # ls /dev | grep ada ada0 ada1 ada2 ada3 ada4 root@gw:/home/gandalf # zpool status pool: zroot state: ONLINE scan: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot ONLINE 0 0 0 raid/r0s1a ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors I want to create a raidz pool for the remaining disks: root@gw:/home/gandalf # zpool create -f data raidz1 ada2 ada3 ada4 cannot create 'data': one or more devices is currently unavailable root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada2 ada2 at ata4 bus 0 scbus6 target 0 lun 0 ada2: <WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0 51.0AB51> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device ada2: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada2: 1907729MB (3907029168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada2: Previously was known as ad16 root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada3 ada3 at ata5 bus 0 scbus7 target 0 lun 0 ada3: <SAMSUNG HD103UJ 1AA01118> ATA-7 SATA 2.x device ada3: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada3: 953868MB (1953523055 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada3: Previously was known as ad18 GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Disk ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Subdisk Volume0:0-ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada4 ada4 at ata6 bus 0 scbus8 target 0 lun 0 ada4: <TOSHIBA DT01ACA100 MS2OA750> ATA-8 SATA 3.x device ada4: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada4: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada4: Previously was known as ad20 root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep GEOM_RAID Aha, so ada3 is already part of another raid volume? Let's see: root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep GEOM_RAID GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Array SiI-130628113902 created. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Disk ada0 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 state changed from NONE to STALE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Disk ada1 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:0-ada1 state changed from NONE to STALE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Array started. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:0-ada1 state changed from STALE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 state changed from STALE to RESYNC. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 rebuild start at 0. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Volume SiI Raid1 Set state changed from STARTING to SUBOPTIMAL. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Provider raid/r0 for volume SiI Raid1 Set created. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Array Intel-fb8732fa created. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Force array start due to timeout. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Disk ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Subdisk Volume0:0-ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Array started. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Volume Volume0 state changed from STARTING to DEGRADED. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Provider raid/r1 for volume Volume0 created. root@gw:/home/gandalf # Yes, indeed. I want to get rid of raid/r1 completely. However, the controller was already set to "IDE" mode in the BIOS. So why it is creating a raid volume??? I have also tried overwritting the first 16k data of ada3 and reboot the computer, but it did not help. How can I delete /dev/raid/r1 ? root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid status Name Status Components raid/r0 SUBOPTIMAL ada0 (ACTIVE (RESYNC 4%)) ada1 (ACTIVE (ACTIVE)) raid/r1 DEGRADED ada3 (ACTIVE (ACTIVE)) root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid delete raid/r1 graid: Array 'raid/r1' not found. root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid delete /dev/raid/r1 graid: Array '/dev/raid/r1' not found. root@gw:/home/gandalf # Thanks

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  • Thoughts on home NAS server

    - by user826955
    I currently have a NAS with a 2x2TB HDD 1x16GB SSD layout on a mini-itx atom board. The NAS is in a Lian Li PC-Q07 case. On this system I was running freebsd 8 with a gmirror raid 1 setup, which was enough for my needs. So far I was using the NAS for: Fileserver with AFP protocol (only mac clients used) SVN server hosting all my source trees of my projects JIRA (performance was okay-ish) Timemachine backup for the macs The power consumption was about 38W, although I did not put HDDs asleep when unused (I think this is not possible in a raid setup). I liked the NAS because: the performance was good through gigabit LAN (enough for my needs) power consumption was good its a pretty small case and fits in one of my cupboards I disliked the NAS a bit because: it was a bit noisy, the Q07 case vibrated a good amount because of the HDDs. I switched the NAS off every evening I do not have a real backup of the data on the NAS, only the internal raid 1 as safety. I really dont want to loose my source trees under no circumstances, so I would really be sleeping better if I knew I had regular backups somewhere. Recently, the board seemed to have died, I can't boot anymore. Thus, I was thinking about a redesign of my NAS (I still have to find out what parts are broken, I probably need to replace the mainboard and SSD. HDDs seem to be okay). First of all, I was wondering what other users have as backup for their NAS? Are you actually using a second NAS, and regularly copying over the data to have it safe? Or is there any better solution to this? I was thinking about getting a cheap NAS like the synology DS112j with only one disk, and use rsync or something similar to regularly copy data over to the second NAS (wake the second NAS upon start, shut it down after copy). Although this approach seems somewhat weird, It would have the benefit (?) that I could use a single disk instead of raid in the main NAS, and put the disk asleep when idle, and have the NAS running 24/7 with low energy consumption (I found no way to do this with a gmirror setup). Is there any recommended backup solution for a small NAS? Then I was thinking about a different raid setup. Since I have to buy a new mainboard as well as SSD, I might as well switch over to a i3 board with more ram, and also switch to ZFS. I am not familar with ZFS, I've never used it, but I read and hear much about it. Would it be viable to set up a ZFS storage with only 2 disks? Can I easily extend this storage with more disks, once I choose to add some? I could maybe get a new case like the Fractal Design Array R2 which has more 3,5" slots. I could as well get another 2 disks, but I would prefer sticking with the existing 2 for enegery/heat/noise reasons. Should I go for a ZFS storage or stick to my gmirror setup? I would also like to keep freebsd as operating system, and also I dont need any web gui or something (that is, I dont need/want to use FreeNAS or Openfiler etc). Does anyone maybe have a sample setup in use so I can compare energy consumption/noise/software setup? Any guidance towards the NAS of my dreams (silent, low energy, safe w/ backups) much appreciated.

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  • Symantec Protection Suite and System Recovery 2011 Desktop Edition

    - by rihatum
    I am re-posting this as my previous question was being treated as if I am "Shopping or seeking Product Recommendations" even though I was NOT - BTW they have deleted my comments too which were not offensive in nature. anyway - I have re-phrased some parts of my question and I hope SF Admins "Do Not Modify / Edit" this one - will be most grateful for that. I have a lot of respect for the People who visit this SITE and help others ! Just To clarify : Just to go by SF rules - I am not seeking someone to Design this solution, I am simply seeking real world examples, experiences, technical expert opinions / suggestions, any tips or tricks they may have or any problems they may have faced while doing something similar above with these products. I am also not asking for Capacity Planning for Storage, We have done some research and I am seeking Expert Assurance / Suggestions. We (our company) are planning to deploy Symantec Endpoint Protection and Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 Desktop Edition to our 3000 - 4000 workstations (Windows7 32 and 64) with a few 100s with Windows XP 32/64 Bit. I have read the implementation guide for SEP and have read tech-notes for Desktop Recovery 2011. Our team have planned to deploy this as follows : 1 x dedicated SQL 2008R2 for Symantec Endpoint Protection (Instead of using the Embedded Database) 1 x Dedicated SQL 2008R2 for Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 (Instead of using the Embedded Database) 1 x Dedicated W2K8 R2 Box for the SEPM (Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager - Mgmt. APP) 1 x Dedicated W2K8 R2 Box for the Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 Management Application Agent Deployment : As per Symantec Documentation for both of the above, an agent can be pushed via the Mgmt. Application (provided no firewalls are blocking ports required etc. - we have Windows firewall disabled already). Server Hardware : Per SQL Server : 16GB RAM + SAS DISKS + Dual XEON, RAID-10 for the SQL DB or I can always mount a LUN from our existing Hitachi or EMC SAN. SEPM Server : 16GB RAM + SAS DISKS + DUAL XEON System Recovery MGMT SERVER : 16GB RAM + SAS DISKS + DUAL XEON Above is the initial plan we have for 3000 - 4000 client workstation (Windows) Now my Questions :-) a) If we had these users distributed amongst two sites with AD DC / GC in each site, How would I restrict SEPM and Desktop Mgmt. solution to only check for users in their respective site ? b) At present all users are under one building but we are going to move some dept. to a new location (with dedicated connectivity), How would we control which SEPM / MGMT Server is responsible for which site ? c) We have netbackup in our environment backing up other servers, I am planning to protect these 4 (2 x SQL, 1 x SEPM, 1 x System Recovery Mgmt. Server) via netbackup or I can use System recovery 2011 server edition on all 4 of these boxes as well. (License is not an issue as we have the complete symantec portfolio included in our license). d) Now - Saving Desktop backups - What strategies have you implemented ? Any best practice recommendation for a large user base ? I was thinking to either mount a LUN from our Hitachi SAN on the Symantec Recovery Server itself or backup to the users hard drive locally and then copy it over to a network location ? Suggestions welcome :-) If you have anything to add / correct - that will be really helpful before diving into the actual implementation phase. Will be most grateful with your suggestions, recommendations and corrections with above - Many Thanks !

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  • Windows Azure: Backup Services Release, Hyper-V Recovery Manager, VM Enhancements, Enhanced Enterprise Management Support

    - by ScottGu
    This morning we released a huge set of updates to Windows Azure.  These new capabilities include: Backup Services: General Availability of Windows Azure Backup Services Hyper-V Recovery Manager: Public preview of Windows Azure Hyper-V Recovery Manager Virtual Machines: Delete Attached Disks, Availability Set Warnings, SQL AlwaysOn Configuration Active Directory: Securely manage hundreds of SaaS applications Enterprise Management: Use Active Directory to Better Manage Windows Azure Windows Azure SDK 2.2: A massive update of our SDK + Visual Studio tooling support All of these improvements are now available to use immediately.  Below are more details about them. Backup Service: General Availability Release of Windows Azure Backup Today we are releasing Windows Azure Backup Service as a general availability service.  This release is now live in production, backed by an enterprise SLA, supported by Microsoft Support, and is ready to use for production scenarios. Windows Azure Backup is a cloud based backup solution for Windows Server which allows files and folders to be backed up and recovered from the cloud, and provides off-site protection against data loss. The service provides IT administrators and developers with the option to back up and protect critical data in an easily recoverable way from any location with no upfront hardware cost. Windows Azure Backup is built on the Windows Azure platform and uses Windows Azure blob storage for storing customer data. Windows Server uses the downloadable Windows Azure Backup Agent to transfer file and folder data securely and efficiently to the Windows Azure Backup Service. Along with providing cloud backup for Windows Server, Windows Azure Backup Service also provides capability to backup data from System Center Data Protection Manager and Windows Server Essentials, to the cloud. All data is encrypted onsite before it is sent to the cloud, and customers retain and manage the encryption key (meaning the data is stored entirely secured and can’t be decrypted by anyone but yourself). Getting Started To get started with the Windows Azure Backup Service, create a new Backup Vault within the Windows Azure Management Portal.  Click New->Data Services->Recovery Services->Backup Vault to do this: Once the backup vault is created you’ll be presented with a simple tutorial that will help guide you on how to register your Windows Servers with it: Once the servers you want to backup are registered, you can use the appropriate local management interface (such as the Microsoft Management Console snap-in, System Center Data Protection Manager Console, or Windows Server Essentials Dashboard) to configure the scheduled backups and to optionally initiate recoveries. You can follow these tutorials to learn more about how to do this: Tutorial: Schedule Backups Using the Windows Azure Backup Agent This tutorial helps you with setting up a backup schedule for your registered Windows Servers. Additionally, it also explains how to use Windows PowerShell cmdlets to set up a custom backup schedule. Tutorial: Recover Files and Folders Using the Windows Azure Backup Agent This tutorial helps you with recovering data from a backup. Additionally, it also explains how to use Windows PowerShell cmdlets to do the same tasks. Below are some of the key benefits the Windows Azure Backup Service provides: Simple configuration and management. Windows Azure Backup Service integrates with the familiar Windows Server Backup utility in Windows Server, the Data Protection Manager component in System Center and Windows Server Essentials, in order to provide a seamless backup and recovery experience to a local disk, or to the cloud. Block level incremental backups. The Windows Azure Backup Agent performs incremental backups by tracking file and block level changes and only transferring the changed blocks, hence reducing the storage and bandwidth utilization. Different point-in-time versions of the backups use storage efficiently by only storing the changes blocks between these versions. Data compression, encryption and throttling. The Windows Azure Backup Agent ensures that data is compressed and encrypted on the server before being sent to the Windows Azure Backup Service over the network. As a result, the Windows Azure Backup Service only stores encrypted data in the cloud storage. The encryption key is not available to the Windows Azure Backup Service, and as a result the data is never decrypted in the service. Also, users can setup throttling and configure how the Windows Azure Backup service utilizes the network bandwidth when backing up or restoring information. Data integrity is verified in the cloud. In addition to the secure backups, the backed up data is also automatically checked for integrity once the backup is done. As a result, any corruptions which may arise due to data transfer can be easily identified and are fixed automatically. Configurable retention policies for storing data in the cloud. The Windows Azure Backup Service accepts and implements retention policies to recycle backups that exceed the desired retention range, thereby meeting business policies and managing backup costs. Hyper-V Recovery Manager: Now Available in Public Preview I’m excited to also announce the public preview of a new Windows Azure Service – the Windows Azure Hyper-V Recovery Manager (HRM). Windows Azure Hyper-V Recovery Manager helps protect your business critical services by coordinating the replication and recovery of System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 SP1 and System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2 private clouds at a secondary location. With automated protection, asynchronous ongoing replication, and orderly recovery, the Hyper-V Recovery Manager service can help you implement Disaster Recovery and restore important services accurately, consistently, and with minimal downtime. Application data in an Hyper-V Recovery Manager scenarios always travels on your on-premise replication channel. Only metadata (such as names of logical clouds, virtual machines, networks etc.) that is needed for orchestration is sent to Azure. All traffic sent to/from Azure is encrypted. You can begin using Windows Azure Hyper-V Recovery today by clicking New->Data Services->Recovery Services->Hyper-V Recovery Manager within the Windows Azure Management Portal.  You can read more about Windows Azure Hyper-V Recovery Manager in Brad Anderson’s 9-part series, Transform the datacenter. To learn more about setting up Hyper-V Recovery Manager follow our detailed step-by-step guide. Virtual Machines: Delete Attached Disks, Availability Set Warnings, SQL AlwaysOn Today’s Windows Azure release includes a number of nice updates to Windows Azure Virtual Machines.  These improvements include: Ability to Delete both VM Instances + Attached Disks in One Operation Prior to today’s release, when you deleted VMs within Windows Azure we would delete the VM instance – but not delete the drives attached to the VM.  You had to manually delete these yourself from the storage account.  With today’s update we’ve added a convenience option that now allows you to either retain or delete the attached disks when you delete the VM:   We’ve also added the ability to delete a cloud service, its deployments, and its role instances with a single action. This can either be a cloud service that has production and staging deployments with web and worker roles, or a cloud service that contains virtual machines.  To do this, simply select the Cloud Service within the Windows Azure Management Portal and click the “Delete” button: Warnings on Availability Sets with Only One Virtual Machine In Them One of the nice features that Windows Azure Virtual Machines supports is the concept of “Availability Sets”.  An “availability set” allows you to define a tier/role (e.g. webfrontends, databaseservers, etc) that you can map Virtual Machines into – and when you do this Windows Azure separates them across fault domains and ensures that at least one of them is always available during servicing operations.  This enables you to deploy applications in a high availability way. One issue we’ve seen some customers run into is where they define an availability set, but then forget to map more than one VM into it (which defeats the purpose of having an availability set).  With today’s release we now display a warning in the Windows Azure Management Portal if you have only one virtual machine deployed in an availability set to help highlight this: You can learn more about configuring the availability of your virtual machines here. Configuring SQL Server Always On SQL Server Always On is a great feature that you can use with Windows Azure to enable high availability and DR scenarios with SQL Server. Today’s Windows Azure release makes it even easier to configure SQL Server Always On by enabling “Direct Server Return” endpoints to be configured and managed within the Windows Azure Management Portal.  Previously, setting this up required using PowerShell to complete the endpoint configuration.  Starting today you can enable this simply by checking the “Direct Server Return” checkbox: You can learn more about how to use direct server return for SQL Server AlwaysOn availability groups here. Active Directory: Application Access Enhancements This summer we released our initial preview of our Application Access Enhancements for Windows Azure Active Directory.  This service enables you to securely implement single-sign-on (SSO) support against SaaS applications (including Office 365, SalesForce, Workday, Box, Google Apps, GitHub, etc) as well as LOB based applications (including ones built with the new Windows Azure AD support we shipped last week with ASP.NET and VS 2013). Since the initial preview we’ve enhanced our SAML federation capabilities, integrated our new password vaulting system, and shipped multi-factor authentication support. We've also turned on our outbound identity provisioning system and have it working with hundreds of additional SaaS Applications: Earlier this month we published an update on dates and pricing for when the service will be released in general availability form.  In this blog post we announced our intention to release the service in general availability form by the end of the year.  We also announced that the below features would be available in a free tier with it: SSO to every SaaS app we integrate with – Users can Single Sign On to any app we are integrated with at no charge. This includes all the top SAAS Apps and every app in our application gallery whether they use federation or password vaulting. Application access assignment and removal – IT Admins can assign access privileges to web applications to the users in their active directory assuring that every employee has access to the SAAS Apps they need. And when a user leaves the company or changes jobs, the admin can just as easily remove their access privileges assuring data security and minimizing IP loss User provisioning (and de-provisioning) – IT admins will be able to automatically provision users in 3rd party SaaS applications like Box, Salesforce.com, GoToMeeting, DropBox and others. We are working with key partners in the ecosystem to establish these connections, meaning you no longer have to continually update user records in multiple systems. Security and auditing reports – Security is a key priority for us. With the free version of these enhancements you'll get access to our standard set of access reports giving you visibility into which users are using which applications, when they were using them and where they are using them from. In addition, we'll alert you to un-usual usage patterns for instance when a user logs in from multiple locations at the same time. Our Application Access Panel – Users are logging in from every type of devices including Windows, iOS, & Android. Not all of these devices handle authentication in the same manner but the user doesn't care. They need to access their apps from the devices they love. Our Application Access Panel will support the ability for users to access access and launch their apps from any device and anywhere. You can learn more about our plans for application management with Windows Azure Active Directory here.  Try out the preview and start using it today. Enterprise Management: Use Active Directory to Better Manage Windows Azure Windows Azure Active Directory provides the ability to manage your organization in a directory which is hosted entirely in the cloud, or alternatively kept in sync with an on-premises Windows Server Active Directory solution (allowing you to seamlessly integrate with the directory you already have).  With today’s Windows Azure release we are integrating Windows Azure Active Directory even more within the core Windows Azure management experience, and enabling an even richer enterprise security offering.  Specifically: 1) All Windows Azure accounts now have a default Windows Azure Active Directory created for them.  You can create and map any users you want into this directory, and grant administrative rights to manage resources in Windows Azure to these users. 2) You can keep this directory entirely hosted in the cloud – or optionally sync it with your on-premises Windows Server Active Directory.  Both options are free.  The later approach is ideal for companies that wish to use their corporate user identities to sign-in and manage Windows Azure resources.  It also ensures that if an employee leaves an organization, his or her access control rights to the company’s Windows Azure resources are immediately revoked. 3) The Windows Azure Service Management APIs have been updated to support using Windows Azure Active Directory credentials to sign-in and perform management operations.  Prior to today’s release customers had to download and use management certificates (which were not scoped to individual users) to perform management operations.  We still support this management certificate approach (don’t worry – nothing will stop working).  But we think the new Windows Azure Active Directory authentication support enables an even easier and more secure way for customers to manage resources going forward.  4) The Windows Azure SDK 2.2 release (which is also shipping today) includes built-in support for the new Service Management APIs that authenticate with Windows Azure Active Directory, and now allow you to create and manage Windows Azure applications and resources directly within Visual Studio using your Active Directory credentials.  This, combined with updated PowerShell scripts that also support Active Directory, enables an end-to-end enterprise authentication story with Windows Azure. Below are some details on how all of this works: Subscriptions within a Directory As part of today’s update, we have associated all existing Window Azure accounts with a Windows Azure Active Directory (and created one for you if you don’t already have one). When you login to the Windows Azure Management Portal you’ll now see the directory name in the URI of the browser.  For example, in the screen-shot below you can see that I have a “scottgu” directory that my subscriptions are hosted within: Note that you can continue to use Microsoft Accounts (formerly known as Microsoft Live IDs) to sign-into Windows Azure.  These map just fine to a Windows Azure Active Directory – so there is no need to create new usernames that are specific to a directory if you don’t want to.  In the scenario above I’m actually logged in using my @hotmail.com based Microsoft ID which is now mapped to a “scottgu” active directory that was created for me.  By default everything will continue to work just like you used to before. Manage your Directory You can manage an Active Directory (including the one we now create for you by default) by clicking the “Active Directory” tab in the left-hand side of the portal.  This will list all of the directories in your account.  Clicking one the first time will display a getting started page that provides documentation and links to perform common tasks with it: You can use the built-in directory management support within the Windows Azure Management Portal to add/remove/manage users within the directory, enable multi-factor authentication, associate a custom domain (e.g. mycompanyname.com) with the directory, and/or rename the directory to whatever friendly name you want (just click the configure tab to do this).  You can also setup the directory to automatically sync with an on-premises Active Directory using the “Directory Integration” tab. Note that users within a directory by default do not have admin rights to login or manage Windows Azure based resources.  You still need to explicitly grant them co-admin permissions on a subscription for them to login or manage resources in Windows Azure.  You can do this by clicking the Settings tab on the left-hand side of the portal and then by clicking the administrators tab within it. Sign-In Integration within Visual Studio If you install the new Windows Azure SDK 2.2 release, you can now connect to Windows Azure from directly inside Visual Studio without having to download any management certificates.  You can now just right-click on the “Windows Azure” icon within the Server Explorer and choose the “Connect to Windows Azure” context menu option to do so: Doing this will prompt you to enter the email address of the username you wish to sign-in with (make sure this account is a user in your directory with co-admin rights on a subscription): You can use either a Microsoft Account (e.g. Windows Live ID) or an Active Directory based Organizational account as the email.  The dialog will update with an appropriate login prompt depending on which type of email address you enter: Once you sign-in you’ll see the Windows Azure resources that you have permissions to manage show up automatically within the Visual Studio server explorer and be available to start using: No downloading of management certificates required.  All of the authentication was handled using your Windows Azure Active Directory! Manage Subscriptions across Multiple Directories If you have already have multiple directories and multiple subscriptions within your Windows Azure account, we have done our best to create a good default mapping of your subscriptions->directories as part of today’s update.  If you don’t like the default subscription-to-directory mapping we have done you can click the Settings tab in the left-hand navigation of the Windows Azure Management Portal and browse to the Subscriptions tab within it: If you want to map a subscription under a different directory in your account, simply select the subscription from the list, and then click the “Edit Directory” button to choose which directory to map it to.  Mapping a subscription to a different directory takes only seconds and will not cause any of the resources within the subscription to recycle or stop working.  We’ve made the directory->subscription mapping process self-service so that you always have complete control and can map things however you want. Filtering By Directory and Subscription Within the Windows Azure Management Portal you can filter resources in the portal by subscription (allowing you to show/hide different subscriptions).  If you have subscriptions mapped to multiple directory tenants, we also now have a filter drop-down that allows you to filter the subscription list by directory tenant.  This filter is only available if you have multiple subscriptions mapped to multiple directories within your Windows Azure Account:   Windows Azure SDK 2.2 Today we are also releasing a major update of our Windows Azure SDK.  The Windows Azure SDK 2.2 release adds some great new features including: Visual Studio 2013 Support Integrated Windows Azure Sign-In support within Visual Studio Remote Debugging Cloud Services with Visual Studio Firewall Management support within Visual Studio for SQL Databases Visual Studio 2013 RTM VM Images for MSDN Subscribers Windows Azure Management Libraries for .NET Updated Windows Azure PowerShell Cmdlets and ScriptCenter I’ll post a follow-up blog shortly with more details about all of the above. Additional Updates In addition to the above enhancements, today’s release also includes a number of additional improvements: AutoScale: Richer time and date based scheduling support (set different rules on different dates) AutoScale: Ability to Scale to Zero Virtual Machines (very useful for Dev/Test scenarios) AutoScale: Support for time-based scheduling of Mobile Service AutoScale rules Operation Logs: Auditing support for Service Bus management operations Today we also shipped a major update to the Windows Azure SDK – Windows Azure SDK 2.2.  It has so much goodness in it that I have a whole second blog post coming shortly on it! :-) Summary Today’s Windows Azure release enables a bunch of great new scenarios, and enables a much richer enterprise authentication offering. If you don’t already have a Windows Azure account, you can sign-up for a free trial and start using all of the above features today.  Then visit the Windows Azure Developer Center to learn more about how to build apps with it. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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  • Windows XP Ubuntu Installer (version 11.10) error dialog - Permission Denied

    - by MacGyver
    When installing Ubuntu 11.10 on Windows XP (2nd option in installer), the install failed with popup. How can I fix this? Here is the contents of file "C:\Documents and Settings\Keith\Local Settings\Temp\wubi-11.10-rev241.log". I only pasted the last few lines because of the question size limit. \Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Ubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Ubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether D:\ is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain D:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Ubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Ubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Kubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Xubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether E:\ is a valid Mythbuntu CD 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: does not contain E:\casper\filesystem.squashfs 03-25 22:29 DEBUG Distro: checking whether Y:\ is a valid Ubuntu CD 03-25 22:29 INFO Distro: Found a valid CD for Ubuntu: Y:\ 03-25 22:29 INFO root: Running the installer... 03-25 22:29 INFO WinuiPage: appname=wubi, localedir=C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\translations, languages=['en_US', 'en'] 03-25 22:29 INFO WinuiPage: appname=wubi, localedir=C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\translations, languages=['en_US', 'en'] 03-25 22:29 DEBUG WinuiInstallationPage: target_drive=C:, installation_size=18000MB, distro_name=Ubuntu, language=en_US, locale=en_US.UTF-8, username=keith 03-25 22:29 INFO root: Received settings 03-25 22:29 INFO WinuiPage: appname=wubi, localedir=C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\translations, languages=['en_US', 'en'] 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: # Running tasklist... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running select_target_dir... 03-25 22:29 INFO WindowsBackend: Installing into C:\ubuntu 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Finished select_target_dir 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running create_dir_structure... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\disks 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\install 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\install\boot 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\disks\boot 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\disks\boot\grub 03-25 22:29 DEBUG CommonBackend: Creating dir C:\ubuntu\install\boot\grub 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Finished create_dir_structure 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running uncompress_target_dir... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Finished uncompress_target_dir 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running create_uninstaller... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG WindowsBackend: Copying uninstaller Y:\wubi.exe -> C:\ubuntu\uninstall-wubi.exe 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi UninstallString C:\ubuntu\uninstall-wubi.exe 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi InstallationDir C:\ubuntu 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi DisplayName Ubuntu 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi DisplayIcon C:\ubuntu\Ubuntu.ico 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi DisplayVersion 11.10-rev241 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi Publisher Ubuntu 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi URLInfoAbout http://www.ubuntu.com 03-25 22:29 DEBUG registry: Setting registry key -2147483646 Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Wubi HelpLink http://www.ubuntu.com/support 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Finished create_uninstaller 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running copy_installation_files... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG WindowsBackend: Copying C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\data\custom-installation -> C:\ubuntu\install\custom-installation 03-25 22:29 DEBUG WindowsBackend: Copying C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\winboot -> C:\ubuntu\winboot 03-25 22:29 DEBUG WindowsBackend: Copying C:\DOCUME~1\Keith\LOCALS~1\Temp\pyl1.tmp\data\images\Ubuntu.ico -> C:\ubuntu\Ubuntu.ico 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Finished copy_installation_files 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ## Running get_iso... 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: New task copy_file 03-25 22:29 DEBUG TaskList: ### Running copy_file... 03-25 22:32 ERROR TaskList: [Errno 13] Permission denied Traceback (most recent call last): File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\tasklist.py", line 197, in __call__ File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\utils.py", line 202, in copy_file IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied 03-25 22:32 DEBUG TaskList: # Cancelling tasklist 03-25 22:32 DEBUG TaskList: New task check_iso 03-25 22:32 ERROR root: [Errno 13] Permission denied Traceback (most recent call last): File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 58, in run File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 130, in select_task File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 205, in run_cd_menu File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 120, in select_task File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 158, in run_installer File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\tasklist.py", line 197, in __call__ File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\utils.py", line 202, in copy_file IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied 03-25 22:32 ERROR TaskList: 'WindowsBackend' object has no attribute 'iso_path' Traceback (most recent call last): File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\tasklist.py", line 197, in __call__ File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\backend.py", line 579, in get_iso File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\backend.py", line 565, in use_iso AttributeError: 'WindowsBackend' object has no attribute 'iso_path' 03-25 22:32 DEBUG TaskList: # Cancelling tasklist 03-25 22:32 DEBUG TaskList: # Finished tasklist

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  • Working with Sub-Optimal Disk Configurations (Making the best of what you’ve got)

    - by Jonathan Kehayias
    This is the first post in a what will be a series of posts on working with a sub-optimal disk configuration to squeeze as much performance out of it as possible.  You might ask what a Sub-Optimal Disk Configuration?  In this case it is a Dell Powervault MD3000 with 15 Seagate Barracuda ES.2 SAS 1 TB 7.2K RPM disks (Model Number ST31000640SS).  This equates to just under 14TB of raw storage that can configured into a number of RAID configurations.  In this case, the disk array...(read more)

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  • Tutorial: Controlling Your Linux System With fstab

    The /etc/fstab file gives you control over what filesystems are mounted at startup on your Linux system, including Windows partitions and network shares. You can also use it to control the mount points of removable storage devices like USB sticks and external hard disks. Akkana Peck shows us how.

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  • Raid 5 mdadm Problem - Help Please

    - by user66260
    My Raid 5 array (4 1tb Disks WD10EARS) had was showing as degraded. I looked and one of the disks wasnt installed, so i re-added it with the mdadm add command. the array is now showing as (null)Array , but cant be mounted if i run: root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# sudo mdadm --misc --detail /dev/md0 I get: mdadm: cannot open /dev/md0: No such file or directory and running: root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# cat /proc/mdstat gives me: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] unused devices: < none > The data is very important root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# mdadm --examine /dev/sda /dev/sda: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 00000000:00000000:00000000:00000000 Creation Time : Sat May 26 12:08:14 2012 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Sat May 26 12:08:40 2012 State : active Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 4 Checksum : 82d5b792 - correct Events : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 1 8 0 1 spare /dev/sda 0 0 8 16 0 spare /dev/sdb 1 1 8 0 1 spare /dev/sda 2 2 8 32 2 spare /dev/sdc 3 3 8 48 3 spare /dev/sdd root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 00000000:00000000:00000000:00000000 Creation Time : Sat May 26 12:08:14 2012 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Sat May 26 12:08:40 2012 State : active Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 4 Checksum : 82d5b7a0 - correct Events : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 16 0 spare /dev/sdb 0 0 8 16 0 spare /dev/sdb 1 1 8 0 1 spare /dev/sda 2 2 8 32 2 spare /dev/sdc 3 3 8 48 3 spare /dev/sdd root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# oot@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc /dev/sdc: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 00000000:00000000:00000000:00000000 Creation Time : Sat May 26 12:08:14 2012 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Sat May 26 12:08:40 2012 State : active Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 4 Checksum : 82d5b7b4 - correct Events : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 2 8 32 2 spare /dev/sdc 0 0 8 16 0 spare /dev/sdb 1 1 8 0 1 spare /dev/sda 2 2 8 32 2 spare /dev/sdc 3 3 8 48 3 spare /dev/sdd root@warren-P5K-E:/home/warren# mdadm --examine /dev/sdd /dev/sdd: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 00000000:00000000:00000000:00000000 Creation Time : Sat May 26 12:08:14 2012 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Sat May 26 12:08:40 2012 State : active Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 4 Checksum : 82d5b7c6 - correct Events : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 3 8 48 3 spare /dev/sdd 0 0 8 16 0 spare /dev/sdb 1 1 8 0 1 spare /dev/sda 2 2 8 32 2 spare /dev/sdc 3 3 8 48 3 spare /dev/sdd That on the 4 drives.

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