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• Zabbix not getting data for one filesystem

  - by Dennis Williamson

  I have Zabbix monitoring disk space for several volumes on several servers. It works fine on all of them except for one of the volumes on one of the servers which always reports as 0. However, when I run ./zabbix_get -s localhost -p 10050 -k 'vfs.fs.size[/home, free]' locally on the machine in question, it gives me the correct, non-zero size which matches the output of df. How can I go about troubleshooting and correcting this problem?

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• Why can't I mount an image hosted on a read-only HFS+ partition via Boot Camp?

  - by deceze

  I have come across the following phenomenon and would like to know how leaky Windows' file system abstraction is or if there's something else involved. I partitioned the hard disk of my MacBook Pro and installed Windows 7 (64 bit). The Boot Camp driver package includes file system drivers that enable Windows to access the Mac OS HFS+ partition. It's read-only access, but it works. Now, I have some disk images of stuff I usually install, so I grabbed a copy of Daemon Tools to mount them. When I mount an image saved on the HFS+ partition, about two out of three installers on these disks (usually InstallShield) crash with all sorts of weird errors. Most are just gibberish that lead to all sorts of non-solutions on Google, one was "This application is not the right type for your computer, check if you need 32 or 64 bit versions." When moving the image files to another Windows 7 computer on the network and mounting them from the network share, they work fine. My question now is, why do applications behave differently depending on whether the read-only image file, which should be abstracted away through the read-only virtual Daemon Tools drive, is located on a read-only HFS+ partition or on a Windows network share? And I'll just roll this into the question as well since I was wondering: Does the file system of a network share matter? Does the client system need to understand the file system of the share host or is that abstracted away in SMB?

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• JFFS2 poor mount performance

  - by Marcin Polkowski

  I run multiple ARM boards with Debian Linux installed. Board is equipped with 512 MB of NAND memory. I've observed that after ~3 months of continuous run booting time increased significantly - it takes over 3 minutes to mount filesystem (JFFS2). System was using about 35% of available storage so I’ve removed unnecessary files (got to ~18%) but this didn't change anything. Then I realized that my software produces directories that are left empty so I’ve removed ~500 empty and unnecessary dirs. This didn’t help either. After system is started I see JFFS2 garbage collector (jffs2_gcd_mtd4) running and occupying over 90% of CPU. Now my question: is there a way to „optimize” JFFS2 filesystem for better performance - faster booting (my system have limited timid to boot up)? It would be great if this optimization could be done remotely - I have no physical access to boards.

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• How do you create virtual folders from saved search

  - by Jérôme Radix

  I would like to have on unix-like platforms, the same functionality as to Windows 7 Library folders (aka virtual folders) you see in Windows Explorer. Gnome Nautilus do that kind of virtual folders through saved search. But I want a system-wide solution, not a gnome-wide solution. Is there a tool that creates virtual folders from the concatenation of multiple search queries (the result of multiple find commands ?). The solution should index files for better performances and you should be able to define the default folder for copy operations. I assume the solution of this kind of problem certainly use FUSE, but I can't see a complete solution to this kind of task in FUSE applications.

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• Linux web server shared hosting file errors

  - by dfilkovi

  I'm using a shared hosting to host my website and have some problems with files from time to time. First, one of my file (php) was missing a part of code (nothing to do with hackers just a random piece of code was missing), then after some time a value inside a mysql table was also missing a part, then a whole table column disappeared, after that a whole file on my site disappeared and lastly again some code from a file disappeared, my hosting service says it has nothing to do with them, but this is stupid, how can this happen, no hacker attack could do such a thing, I believe it's some kind of a disk corruption or bad backup. Anyone have any ideas?

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• How do you create virtual folders from saved search

  - by Jérôme Radix

  I would like to have on unix-like platforms, the same functionality as to Windows 7 Library folders (aka virtual folders) you see in Windows Explorer. Gnome Nautilus do that kind of virtual folders through saved search. But I want a system-wide solution, not a gnome-wide solution. Is there a tool that creates virtual folders from the concatenation of multiple search queries (the result of multiple find commands ?). The solution should index files for better performances and you should be able to define the default folder for copy operations. I assume the solution of this kind of problem certainly use FUSE, but I can't see a complete solution to this kind of task in FUSE applications.

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• Requiring mulitple group membership in order to access folder

  - by David

  How would I go about creating a file or folder that requires a user to be a member of two or more different groups in order to read/write to the folder? For example, say I run an auto repair shop, and I have a folder called "Repair History" and I only want people to access it if they are members of BOTH the "Mechanics" and "Cashiers" group? This would be an AND requirment instead of an OR requirement which seems to be the norm. I know we can create a separate group that is needed to access the folder, but this is more of an academic question, since it pertains to a different security structure that we are creating. I'm not sure if MS security handles it, but I'm wondering how it would be done either way.

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• ext3: maximum recommended partition size / handling large partitions

  - by Hansi

  Hi! I would like to do an encrypted install of Ubuntu on a 2 Terabyte drive (i.e., using LUKS/DMcrypt). In order to not have to type in passwords too often, the partitioning scheme will be 50 GB for / and about 1 TB for /home (and the rest for Windows 7), just for clarity. Even though by now LVM is regarded as being stable, I don't want to bother having more room for errors by introducing unnecessary layers of complexity. For both Ubuntu partitions I want encrypted ext3 with the default blocksize of ext3 (4k?). Thoughts: When I look at most partition schemes here on this site or elsewhere, I usually see at most about 400 or 500 GB partitions (maybe I didn't see enough). There may be different reasons for this, but is reliability an issue here? Are larger ext3 partitions, like about 1 TB, harder to handle for the OS or filesystem driver or at some other level? If I make the partition too large, will it be harder to repair in case of corruptions? Are there some default settings for ext3 that I should change for 1 TB partitions? Question: What maximum partition size for ext3 do you recommend and why? Thanks!

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• Why do disk images hosted on a read-only HFS+ partition behave differently?

  - by deceze

  I have come across the following phenomenon and would like to know how leaky Windows' file system abstraction is or if there's something else involved. I partitioned the hard disk of my MacBook Pro and installed Windows 7 (64 bit). The Boot Camp driver package includes file system drivers that enable Windows to access the Mac OS HFS+ partition. It's read-only access, but it works. Now, I have some disk images of stuff I usually install, so I grabbed a copy of Daemon Tools to mount them. When I mount an image saved on the HFS+ partition, about two out of three installers on these disks (usually InstallShield) crash with all sorts of weird errors. Most are just gibberish that lead to all sorts of non-solutions on Google, one was "This application is not the right type for your computer, check if you need 32 or 64 bit versions." When moving the image files to another Windows 7 computer on the network and mounting them from the network share, they work fine. My question now is, why do applications behave differently depending on whether the read-only image file, which should be abstracted away through the read-only virtual Daemon Tools drive, is located on a read-only HFS+ partition or on a Windows network share? And I'll just roll this into the question as well since I was wondering: Does the file system of a network share matter? Does the client system need to understand the file system of the share host or is that abstracted away in SMB?

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• All of the NTFS hard links damaged, where are hardlinks stored and how to recover them?

  - by String Xu

  This is Windows 7 x64 sp1 on a NTFS file system. All hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder disappear, and the Windows can't boot, because even the osloader, C:\Windows\System32\boot\Winload.exe also disappeared. Nevertheless, the original files are still located in the corresponding C:\Windows\winsxs folders. After booting into the Recovery Environment, and copied one Winload.exe (x64) from other folder, Windows gave an error pointing out that "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing...its file digital signature cannot be verified" In trying to boot in Safe Mode, the message above was shown after a screen prompting "Loaded \Windows\system32\config\system" Because at this early booting stage, smss.exe was still not loaded, so there is not any dumping and logs. Based on my study, ntoskrnl.exe depends on the following files: C:\windows\system32\PSHED.DLL C:\Windows\System32\hal.dll C:\Windows\System32\kdcom.dll C:\Windows\System32\clfs.sys C:\Windows\System32\ci.dll All those files above are copied from their corresponding folders and verified their md5 with a well-operating Windows 7 x64 SP1. But the booting error is still the same: "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing..." Background: 1. Before the reboot, there was an windows update going on. Then something unknown happen, almost all processes were broken to run, including the windows task manager, taskmgr.exe. After mount the hard disk to other computer, it seems that all hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder were gone. I tried several data recovery software, but they are not be able to find those disappeared NTFS hard links. So the question is: Where are information about those hard links stored? And how to recover them? Are they depend on some windows service or stored in the registry?

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• What is the best vfat driver for FUSE?

  - by Vi

  FUSE filesystem list show some FuseFat and FatFuse. One is 404 not found, others is old, not buildable and probably depends on glib. Now I'm using mountlo for the task (mounting USB drives in generic way without root access or suid things (except of fusermount itself), but it looks too big for such task. Is there good vfat FUSE driver?

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• File locked / read-only

  - by oshirowanen

  On a networked computer, I have a file which is coming up as read-only because someone else has it open. This is not true. This is a file stored locally on the computer and it is not being used by anyone else. I can login to the same computer using a different user, and the file opens up fine. I just get the issue with a particular user account. Other than deleting theses account/profile and creating it again, how can I unlock this file? Double clicking on this file gives me a message saying The file is locked for editing by another user, or the file (or the folder in which it is located,) is marked as read-only, or you specified that you wanted to open this file read-only. I don't think the folder is locked, because I can use other files in that folder fine, it's just 1 particular file which is causing this issue. I know that only 1 user is using this file as the file is on his c: and the same file works fine if he logs off to allow another user to log in.

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• Moving Exchange .EDB and .STM file to other partition

  - by Jorge Fernandez

  Im trying to move my exchange mailbox store to a new partition and i keep running into an error message saying: "cannot copy insufficient system resources exist to complete the requested service." The server is a Dell Poweredge 2850 with Dual Xeon Processors @ 3.00GHz and 4GB of ram. Running Win Server 2K3 R2 SP2 with Exchange 2K3 Standard. The Store is around 55GB any ideas. I want to get exchange on its on partition since I need to free up some space on the partition its currently on.

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• Log all files saved on XP system.

  - by Jason Taylor

  I have a user that frequently saves items (or even forgets to save) to places that he forgets. Usually a simple search finds them, but not always. Is there any way to log/track the most recently saved files? It would be great to be the last "saved" files as the recent documents feature is unreliable if he constantly opens documents in his search for the file he just saved. Alternatively, any ideas on how to control this situation?

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• All of the NTFS hard links disappear, where are hardlinks stored on disk and how to recover them?

  - by Osiris

  This is Windows 7 x64 sp1 on a NTFS file system. All hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder disappear, and the Windows can't boot, because even the osloader, C:\Windows\System32\boot\Winload.exe also disappeared. Nevertheless, the original files are still located in the corresponding C:\Windows\winsxs folders. After booting into the Recovery Environment, and copied one Winload.exe (x64) from other folder, Windows gave an error pointing out that "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing...its file digital signature cannot be verified" In trying to boot in Safe Mode, the message above was shown after a screen prompting "Loaded \Windows\system32\config\system" Because at this early booting stage, smss.exe was still not loaded, so there is not any dumping and logs. Based on my study, ntoskrnl.exe depends on the following files: C:\\windows\\system32\\PSHED.DLL C:\\Windows\\System32\\hal.dll C:\\Windows\\System32\\kdcom.dll C:\\Windows\\System32\\clfs.sys C:\\Windows\\System32\\ci.dll All those files above are copied from their corresponding folders and verified their md5 with a well-operating Windows 7 x64 SP1. But the booting error is still the same: "ntoskrnl.exe is corrupted or missing..." **Background:** Before the reboot, there was an windows update going on. Then something unknown happen, almost all processes were broken to run, including the windows task manager, taskmgr.exe. After mount the hard disk to other computer, it seems that all hardlinks within C:\Windows\System32 folder were gone. I tried several data recovery software, but they are not be able to find those disappeared NTFS hard links. So the question is: Where are information about those hard links stored? And how to recover them? Are they depend on some windows service or stored in the registry?

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• How can I increase space on the Filesystem linux?

  - by xtrimsky

  I am renting a dedicated server with Parallel Plesk on it (which I hate and I try to use command line). I have a filesystem that is full,"df -H" prints this: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 4.0G 4.0G 361k 100% / /dev/mapper/vg00-usr 4.3G 1.4G 3.0G 32% /usr /dev/mapper/vg00-var 4.3G 2.8G 1.6G 64% /var /dev/mapper/vg00-home 4.3G 4.4M 4.3G 1% /home none 1.1G 24M 1.1G 3% /tmp tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /usr/local/psa/handlers/before-local tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /usr/local/psa/handlers/before-queue tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /usr/local/psa/handlers/before-remote tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /usr/local/psa/handlers/info tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /usr/local/psa/handlers/spool The server I'm renting has 1TB of hard drive. Why are these so small, how can I increase my storage ? (I'm pretty beginner with Linux). Thank you

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• Recursively apply ACL permissions on Mac OS X (Server)?

  - by mralexgray

  For years I've used the strong-armed-duo of these two suckers... sudo chmod +a "localadmin allow read,write,append,execute,\ delete,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,\ readsecurity,writesecurity,chown" sudo chmod +a "localadmin allow list,search,add_file,add_subdirectory,\ delete_child,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,\ writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown" to, for what I figured was a recursive, and all-encompassing, whole-volume-go-ahead for each and every privilege available (for a user, localadmin). Nice when I, localadmin, want to "do something" without a lot of whining about permissions, etc. The beauty is, this method obviates the necessity to change ownership / group membership, or executable bit on anything. But is it recursive? I am beginning to think, it's not. If so, how do I do THAT? And how can one check something like this? Adding this single-user to the ACL doesn't show up in the Finder, so… Alright, cheers.

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• Is there a filesystem firewall?

  - by Jenko

  Ever since firewalls appeared on the scene, it became hard for rogue programs to access the internet. But you and I know that running applications get unrestricted access to the filesystem. They can read your files and send them to poppa. (programs such as web browsers and IM clients, which are allowed thru the internet firewall) Any way to know which programs are accessing your files? or limit their access to a specific partition?

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• Choice of filesystem for GNU/Linux on an SD card

  - by gspr

  Hi. I have am embedded ARM-based system running on an SD card. It's currently Debian GNU/Linux using ext3 as filesystem. As I'm about to reinstall the system, I started wondering about changing to a more flash-friendly filesystem. I've heard about JFFS2, YAFFS2 and LogFS, and they all seem suited to the job. Which one would you recommend? Also, I've heard there have been a lot of ext4 improvements to better suit SSD disks; am I to interpret that as running ext4 should be just fine? What do I need to think especially about in that case? I guess the usage of the system is important. But for the sake of generality, imagine it'll do standard desktop stuff (even though it is infact a small ARM-based system). Thanks for any replies. Edit: Wikipedia tells me (in a "citation needed" statement) that Removable flash memory cards and USB flash drives have built-in controllers to perform wear leveling and error correction so use of a specific flash file system does not add any benefit. Thus, I'm leaning towards sticking with an ext filesystem.

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• Repartition hard drive using Mac OS X, keep existing data

  - by Jonny

  I got a 1 TB disk a year or so ago and loaded it with some hundred of GB of data. I somehow neglected to check the file system, which turns out to be FAT-32 and thus too small for files bigger than 4 GB. So now I want to change it, without deleting the data. I thought I'd just make a new partition in the so far unused space. Then with the new partition, copy/move the data into the new partition, and then delete the old FAT-32 partition, and make the new partition bigger again... or just make a few more partitions. The critical step here is, can I make that new partition without ruining the data? The data should be fairly sequentially added to the start of the disk, but what do I know... so that's why I'm asking. Can I safely use Disk Utility for this? Any recommended file system?

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• Does moving a file outside NTFS loose data in alertnate data streams?

  - by jay

  I have a lot of files on machine running Windows Server 2008 which I wanted to move to a Fedora machine. How can I keep the attributes stored in, for example, media files (date taken, rating, length, etc) while transfering it to outside the realm of NTFS's Alternate Data Streams. I'm aware that similar metadata exists in other file systems, but what happens when you move these files? And what's the best way to retain them in other file systems?

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• optimal folder structure for storing 100k files on a USB drive

  - by cherouvim

  I need to store 100k files (around 40GB) in a USB drive. Each file has a unique int id (e.g 45000). Option one is to put all files in a single folder: root/ root/1.pdf root/2.pdf root/3.pdf ... root/567.pdf root/568.pdf root/569.pdf ... root/10001.pdf root/10002.pdf root/10003.pdf ... root/99998.pdf root/99999.pdf root/100000.pdf Option two is to create a [1-9][0-9]* folder hierarchy based on that id: root/ root/1/file.pdf root/2/file.pdf root/3/file.pdf ... root/5/6/7/file.pdf root/5/6/8/file.pdf root/5/6/9/file.pdf ... root/1/0/0/0/1/file.pdf root/1/0/0/0/2/file.pdf root/1/0/0/0/3/file.pdf ... root/9/9/9/9/8/file.pdf root/9/9/9/9/9/file.pdf root/1/0/0/0/0/0/file.pdf Which option will scale better? I can understand that the second option will require tons of folders but each folder will at most contain 10 folders and 1 file. Maintenance will not be an issue since everything will be controlled by an application. Note that this is a USB drive on linux and based on the above I'd also like to know whether I should go with FAT32 or NTFS.

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• Apache and MySQL not working well after extending filesystem

  - by xtrimsky

  I had 4Gb on my /var (/dev/mapper/vg00-var) filesystem, and I wanted to extend it to 160Gb. I did it following this tutorial: http://faq.1and1.com/dedicated_servers/root_server/linux_admin_help/7.html Now I have 160: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 4.0G 424M 3.6G 11% / /dev/mapper/vg00-usr 4.3G 1.4G 3.0G 32% /usr /dev/mapper/vg00-var 198G 6.5G 192G 4% /var /dev/mapper/vg00-home 4.3G 4.4M 4.3G 1% /home none 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /tmp Now I have a problem, in order for Apache to work, each time I reboot, I need to also reboot apache: "apachectl -k restart" which is already terrible. I think this is because /var contains the htdocs The worst part is, mysql is not starting at all. Mysql has some files also in /var What have I done wrong ?? :( Thank you EDIT: Attaching /var/log/mysqld.log: 120602 11:17:44 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 120602 11:17:45 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 8354009 120602 11:17:45 [ERROR] /usr/libexec/mysqld: unknown variable 'set-variable=local-infile=0' 120602 11:17:45 [ERROR] Aborting 120602 11:17:45 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 120602 11:17:46 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 8354009 120602 11:17:46 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 120602 11:17:46 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

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• How to delete old pagefile.sys and hiberfile.sys on secondary disk (old windows install)

  - by Silvermist

  A while ago I swapped my main hard disk for a SSD. Now the old one is used as a secondary hard disk, and my OS is a fresh windows install on the main SSD disk. Nevertheless, there are still huge pagefile.sys and hiberfile.sys on that secondary hard drive. Those are not the ones used by the current windows, as those do exist on C:. I tried to attrib -s -h them, but it refused with "Access denied". Any idea how to delete those old unused system files and reclaim the space?

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• DVD RW: Are they still relevant for backups?

  - by Harry

  Hello, With the availability of compact USB memory sticks with much, MUCH higher storage capacities is there still any use-case for taking periodic, incremental backups on DVD/RWs? The DVD/RW has an additional annoyance that you cannot drag and drop files to it as easily as you can on a USB memory stick. So, if I have a 4.7GB DVD/RW, I must re-burn the whole image every time I backup new stuff... with possibly rearranged file/folder structure. Secondly, why in this day and age you cannot install a file-system (like ext3 or FAT32) on a DVD/RW... and likewise on CD/RW's as you can on a USB memory stick? Many thanks, /HS

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