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  • Booting an EXT4 image file from GRUB2

    - by sjjg
    My friend needed a fast HDD so I gave her my small 64GB SDD. This SSD had my Linux install on it. I used dd to make an image of the partition (boot, root and home on one partition). This partition is now sitting on a traditional 500GB EXT4 formatted drive. Is there any way I can get GRUB to just boot using this .img file I have? I'm not getting my SSD back and I can't be bothered to go through the hassle of setting up my Linux install from scratch. I have come across loopback support in GRUB for ISO images. Does this support EXT4 also? I don't seem to be able to find anything specific and don't want to trash anything. Cheers.

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  • Can I enlarge OS C: drive of my Windows 8 PC?

    - by Sorgatz
    Last year I got a new Western Digital WD Blue 500GB HDD to replace my old drive. The first thing I did was to install latest Windows 8. While installing Windows 8 I created 3 partitions, C drive for the OS and others for storage. The OS partition is 120GB (which at the time I thought would be plenty big) but I'm now realizing its too small! I wonder if it's possible to re-size HDD partition without reformatting and re-install my Windows 8. So that is my question, Can i enlarge os c drive of my windows 8 without having to re-format? I've used the Norton Partition Magic and Disk Management to make this happen but there doesn't seem to be any options to make it happen. Thanks for any help you guys can give regarding my question. I've worked hard to optimize my current install of Windows 8 and would hate to start all over again.

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  • How can I create a bootable CD-ROM/USB Drive? (With NTFS + USB Drive support)

    - by RonK
    My motherboard got fried and I was forced to get a new hardware set (MB+CPU+RAM) so in most likelyhood I'll need to reinstall my Windows 7. I usually follow procedure and put the OS on the primary partition and my data on a logical partition - so I can format the primary without concern - but this time I made a mistakte and left some crucial items on the primary partition. I want to create a bootable CD-ROM/USB Drive which can read NTFS so I can access this data. If booting via a CD-ROM, I would prefer being able to connect a disk-on-key/My Passport to the computer and be able to access it to transfer the data to it. How can I do it? (free 3rd party applications are most welcome)

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  • Move 2TB Win7x64 to 640GB HDD

    - by reedacus25
    Basically I just got a new (refurbished) HP H8-1260t to use for Windows Media Center. The shipping drive is a 2TB Hitachi drive, but I have an older and barely used 640GB WD Caviar Blue 7200RPM drive I would like to move my Windows install to. I have about 750GB of data with over 1TB free left on the drive. Having googled my heart and fingers out, I would think that I can shrink my partition down to the size it is full at now with over 1TB free for a second partition where I can move my media files to further shrink my boot partition so that I can fit a system image smaller than 640GB on that WD drive. I want to have a separate drive for Media and TV Recordings from my boot disk. Does this sound like the easiest method for me? Or am I doing this all wrong. Help appreciated.

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  • Will readyboost speed up a secondary partion or harddrive?

    - by Sebastian
    I'm building a new computer and plan on using a few spare USB sticks with readyboost to cache disk writes. I'll be running Windows 7 Enterprise SP1 x64 I have a single 2 TB disk, and plan to make a partition for windows (100 GB) and use the rest for data. I know Readyboost will work nicely for the C drive, but am unable to find any information on whether it will accelerate a second drive or partition. Just to clarify, I'm NOT trying to use the harddrive instead of the usb sticks. I'm trying to speed up the second partition using the USB sticks So, will readyboost work for a secondary partion or harddrive?

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  • Use `dd` linux program to save / recover a disk's MBR

    - by Graduate
    I have an Ubuntu OS installed on my laptop. I want to install Windows 7 as well to another disk partition (I will do it by recovering it from a special partition on my laptop). After installing Windows, I want to recover my hard drive MBR to be able to load Ubuntu. I have a plan to use linux dd program: 1) (Before installing, perform this command in Linux) dd if=/dev/sda of=/home/user/mbr_backup bs=512 count=1 2) (after installing, load Ubuntu Live CD and launch this) dd if=/home/user/mbr_backup of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 3) Load Ubuntu on PC and re-configure the GRUB2 to be able start Windows I need your advice, I want to be sure I won't damage the disk (it's partition table).

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  • Missing hard drive total space in Windows

    - by bluedot951
    I have an HP Pavilion DM4 with a 750 GB hard drive. A few days ago, I installed Windows 8 on it, so I am now dual booting Win7 and Win8 (and I also have a 100 MB system reserved partition). I noticed that I am only able to see 700 GB of hard disk space (169 for Win 8 and 529 for Win 7). I booted of an Ubuntu 11.04 LiveCD and in the disk utility it said that my Win 8 partition is 182 GB and my Win 7 partition is 568 GB, correctly adding up to 750 GB. I would like to reclaim the missing space in its respective partitions. Any advice on how to go about doing this?

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  • swapon --all --verbose : 'read swap header failed: Invalid argument'

    - by user66088
    Recently ran through EnableHibernateWithEncryptedSwap and ran the following command: swapon --all --verbose and received: 'read swap header failed: Invalid argument' How do I fix this? Here's some more pertinent output... Output of sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00006d20 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 156301311 77899777 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 156301311 77899776 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-root: 75.5 GB, 75539415040 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9183 cylinders, total 147537920 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-swap_1: 4227 MB, 4227858432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 514 cylinders, total 8257536 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08040000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: 4225 MB, 4225761280 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 513 cylinders, total 8253440 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd2236983 Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Thanks for any and ALL help!

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  • Gnome 3 freezes on logon on samsung RV 509

    - by Noufal
    I have a Samsung NP-RV509 A0FIN and I tried to install GNU/Linux with gnome 3.2 on it. I tried Fedora 16, Ubuntu 11.10 and Linux Mint 12 RC, but with no success. All of these freezes upon login into gnome shell. I think it is the problem with graphics driver, so I tried xorg-edgers ppa on my last installation, ie., Linux Mint. I also tried various intel graphics packages listed on Synaptic package manager, but no success again. My device configuration is as follows(obtained from windows 7): More details about my computer Component Details Subscore Base score Processor Intel(R) Pentium(R) CPU P6200 @ 2.13GHz 5.6 4.6 Memory (RAM) 4.00 GB 7.2 Graphics Intel(R) HD Graphics 4.6 Gaming graphics 1562 MB Total available graphics memory 5.2 Primary hard disk 12GB Free (50GB Total) 5.9 Windows 7 Ultimate System -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Manufacturer SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Model RV409/RV509/RV709 Total amount of system memory 4.00 GB RAM System type 32-bit operating system Number of processor cores 2 64-bit capable Yes Storage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total size of hard disk(s) 418 GB Disk partition (C:) 12 GB Free (50 GB Total) Media drive (D:) CD/DVD Disk partition (E:) 526 MB Free (191 GB Total) Disk partition (F:) 101 GB Free (177 GB Total) Graphics -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Display adapter type Intel(R) HD Graphics Total available graphics memory 1562 MB Dedicated graphics memory 64 MB Dedicated system memory 0 MB Shared system memory 1498 MB Display adapter driver version 8.15.10.2202 Primary monitor resolution 1366x768 DirectX version DirectX 10 Network -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Network Adapter Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Network Adapter Broadcom 802.11n Network Adapter Network Adapter Microsoft Virtual WiFi Miniport Adapter Notes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The gaming graphics score is based on the primary graphics adapter. If this system has linked or multiple graphics adapters, some software applications may see additional performance benefits. Any help is appreciated, and thanks in advance.

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  • Fixing unbootable installation on LVM root from Desktop LiveCD

    - by intuited
    I just did an installation from the 10.10 Desktop LiveCD, making the root volume an LVM LV. Apparently this is not supported; I managed it by taking these steps before starting the GUI installer app: installing the lvm2 package on the running system creating an LVM-type partition on the system hard drive creating a physical volume, a volume group and a root LV using the LVM tools. I also created a second LV for /var; this I don't think is relevant. creating a filesystem (ext4) on each of the two LVs. After taking these steps, the GUI installer offered the two LVs as installation targets; I gladly accepted, also putting /boot on a primary partition separate from the LVM partition. Installation seemed to go smoothly, and I've verified that both the root and var volumes do contain acceptable-looking directory structures. However, booting fails; if I understood correctly what happened, I was dropped into a busybox running in the initrd filesystem. Although I haven't worked through the entirety of the grub2 docs yet, it looks like the entry that tries to boot my new system is correct: menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set $UUID_OF_BOOT_FILESYSTEM linux /vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=/dev/mapper/$LVM_VOLUME_GROUP-root ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } Note that $VARS are replaced in the actual grub.cfg with their corresponding values. I rebooted back into the livecd and have unpacked the initrd image into a temp directory. It looks like the initrd image lacks LVM functionality. For example, if I'm reading /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/lvm2 (installed with lvm2 on the livecd-booted system, not present on the installed one) correctly, an lvm executable should be situated in /sbin; that is not the case. What's the best way to remedy this situation? I realize that it would be easier to just use the alternate install CD, which apparently supports LVM, but I don't want to wait for it to download and then have to reinstall.

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  • Java crashes on lubuntu but not Ubuntu

    - by Echogene
    I have lubuntu and Ubuntu partitions on my drive. I've been having an interesting time with the new lubuntu partition. I've encountered strange things with the game Minecraft, Java and graphics drivers on the lubuntu partition. Firstly, I'll say that Minecraft runs fine at about 60fps on the Ubuntu partition with the latest drivers. (This is lower than it should be as it's a pretty decent graphics card [Radeon HD 5700].) When I first started lubuntu, I tried to see if I could get Minecraft running on Java. Java crashed when loading the main game graphics on both Sun and OpenJDK without proprietary drivers. Java also crashed on both Javas with proprietary drivers after the necessary restart. However, after disabling (with 'remove' button) the proprietary drivers with jockey-gtk in the session after the restart to install the drivers, Minecraft ran very well at ~120fps. This didn't continue after another restart, when it ran at 9fps. After failing thereafter on lubuntu to get it working at 15fps, I tried reinstalling lubuntu and installed the exact same driver (the latest one, not the one appearing on jockey) and Java versions as on Ubuntu. That is, now Ubuntu and lubuntu have the same graphics driver and Java version. Minecraft still crashes in the same way on lubuntu but works fine on Ubuntu. I would appreciate any explanation for any of these events. What differences between lubuntu and Ubuntu could cause this? Edit: After installing the 32bit driver version on lubuntu (seeing as lubuntu is 32bit), I have Java "working" for Minecraft. However, it is at <15fps again and it can't log in to servers as it takes too long.

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  • SQL SERVER – 2014 CTP1 Available for Download – SQL SERVER 2014 Community Technology Preview 1

    - by Pinal Dave
    Microsoft announced that SQL Server 2014 CTP 1 available to download at TechEd Europe. You can download SQL Server 2014 CTP1 from here. Additionally, there is in depth documentation of the product in the Product Guide over here. In this blog post I have in depth discussed what are the salient features which I was looking forward in the new version. Always On supports now 8 secondaries instead of 4 Online Indexing at partition level – this is a good thing as now index rebuilding can be done at a partition level Statistics at the partition level – this will be a huge improvement in performance In-Memory OLTP works by providing in-application memory storage for the most often used tables in SQL Server. Columnstore Index can be updated – I just can’t wait for this feature (Columnstore Index) Resource Governor can control IO along with CPU and Memory Increase performance by extending SQL Server in-memory buffer pool to SSDs Backup to Azure Storage You can read about the new features of the SQL Server 2014 in the following links: What’s New (Database Engine) What’s New in Analysis Services and Business Intelligence What’s New (Integration Services) What’s New (Replication) What’s New (Reporting Services) Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Service Pack, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: CTP

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  • SQL SERVER – 2014 Announced and SQL Server 2014 Datasheet

    - by Pinal Dave
    Earlier this week Microsoft has announced SQL Server 2014. The release date of Trial of SQL Server to be believed later this year. Here are few of the improvements which I was looking forward are there in this release. Please note this is not the exhaustive list of the features of SQL Server 2014. This is the a quick note on the features which I was looking forward and now will be available in this release. Always On supports now 8 secondaries instead of 4 Online Indexing at partition level – this is a good thing as now index rebuilding can be done at a partition level Statistics at the partition level – this will be a huge improvement in performance In-Memory OLTP works by providing in-application memory storage for the most often used tables in SQL Server. (Read More Here) Columnstore Index can be updated – I just can’t wait for this feature (Columnstore Index) Resource Governor can control IO along with CPU and Memory Increase performance by extending SQL Server in-memory buffer pool to SSDs Backup to Azure Storage You can additionally download SQL Server 2014 Datasheet from here. Which is your favorite new feature of SQL Server 2014? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Creating properly aligned partitions on a replacement disk

    - by Marius Gedminas
    I've a typical small office server with two hard disks configured for RAID-1 (mirroring). Each disk has several partitions: one for swap, the others paired in several /dev/mdX arrays. Every couple of years one of the disks dies and is replaced. The replacement typically goes something like this: # copy partition table from the remaining good disk to the empty replacement disk # (instead of /dev/good_disk and /dev/new_disk I use /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, as appropriate) sfdisk -d /dev/good_disk | sfdisk /dev/new_disk # install boot loader grub-install /dev/new_disk # create swap partition reusing the same UUID, so I don't need to edit /etc/fstab mkswap /dev/new_disk1 -U xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx # hot-add the new partitions to my RAID arrays mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/new_disk2 mdadm /dev/md1 -a /dev/new_disk5 mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/new_disk6 mdadm /dev/md3 -a /dev/new_disk7 mdadm /dev/md4 -a /dev/new_disk8 The disks were originally partitioned with cfdisk back in 2009, and so the partition table is aligned traditionally to cylinder boundaries (255 heads * 63 sectors). This is not the optimum configuration for new 4K-sector drives. My question is: how can I create a set of partitions for the new disk and ensure they're properly aligned, and have correct sizes for my RAID arrays (rounding up is acceptable, I suppose, but rounding down is definitely not)?

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  • External USB Drive

    - by ErocM
    I have a server that I hooked up an external USB drive. It was formatted in windows and has files on it already. I'm new to Ubuntu so please be patient... I have two questions: Will Ubuntu see the drive since it was formatted in windows? How do I mount this drive or rather, how do I know it's seen by Ubuntu? Thanks! I did fdisk -l and this is what I have but I don't see it. It's a 1tb drive: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0001eb47 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 625141759 312320001 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 625141759 312320000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdc: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root: 316.6 GB, 316577677312 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38488 cylinders, total 618315776 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-swap_1: 3217 MB, 3217031168 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders, total 6283264 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 this is an external USB hard drive not a thumb drive :)

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  • VirtualBox : increase hard disk size of the virtual machine

    - by wim
    I have run out of space on my WinXP virtual machine, which I only gave 10 GB space for when I created it. Is there an easy way to increase it to, say, 20 GB? I can't see any obvious option in VirtualBox settings. edit: the suggestion below gives this error wim@wim-ubuntu:/media/data/winxp_vm$ VBoxManage modifyhd wim.vdi --resize 20000 VBoxManage: error: Cannot register the hard disk '/media/data/winxp_vm/wim.vdi' {46284957-2c09-4e70-8a49-bfbe0f7f681d} because a hard disk '/home/wim/VirtualBox VMs/winxp_vm/wim.vdi' with UUID {46284957-2c09-4e70-8a49-bfbe0f7f681d} already exists VBoxManage: error: Details: code NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG (0x80070057), component VirtualBox, interface IVirtualBox, callee nsISupports Context: "OpenMedium(Bstr(pszFilenameOrUuid).raw(), enmDevType, AccessMode_ReadWrite, fForceNewUuidOnOpen, pMedium.asOutParam())" at line 210 of file VBoxManageDisk.cpp edit2: removing the .vdi from VirtualBox before calling VBoxManage command, then adding it back in, was successful. But now I can't boot the virtual machine, I get this worrying screen: By the way, it says FATAL: Could not read from the boot medium! System halted. edit3: The vdi must be reattached to the VM after VBoxManage command. Further, the partition will need to be resized from WITHIN windows, because you will have this empty space: I was able to resize the partition easily using a bit of freeware called EASEUS Partition Master 9.1.0 Home Edition.

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  • How to mount an external HDD?

    - by Slash
    I have Ubuntu Linux 12.04 version the latest right now.I want to mount an external HDD NTFS 1TB.I have followed many guides but still no success.The error I'm getting is this: Failed to read last sector (1953523119): Invalid argument HINTS: Either the volume is a RAID/LDM but it wasn't setup yet, or it was not setup correctly (e.g. by not using mdadm --build ...), or a wrong device is tried to be mounted, or the partition table is corrupt (partition is smaller than NTFS), or the NTFS boot sector is corrupt (NTFS size is not valid). Failed to mount '/dev/sdb1': Invalid argument The device '/dev/sdb1' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS. Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around? Using Storage Device MAnager i get this error:Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/Skliros_Diskos {external disk name} When I use sudo fdisk -l, this is the output: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e0bc6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 618854399 309426176 83 Linux /dev/sda2 618856446 625141759 3142657 5 Extended /dev/sda5 618856448 625141759 3142656 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002093a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 1953525167 976761560 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

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  • Ubuntu impossible to install: "unable to find a medium containing a live filesystem"

    - by Lorenzo
    Yes, I have read questions and answers with similar titles for this issue, which prevented me from installing Ubuntu for several MONTHS now, trying to figure it out. I have a MacBookPro with triple partition (one for Mac Snow Leopard, one for Windows 7, one for Linux) created with reFIT firmware (not BootCamp). I set up the system according to these instructions for reFIT: http://lifehacker.com/5531037/how-to-triple+boot-your-mac-with-windows-and-linux-no-boot-camp-required Now. There is a free partition ready to accept Linux into its arms, but Linux does not want to participate. Most answers to the issue "unable to find a medium containing a live filesystem" point to changing the BIOS booting system (which I don't know how to do, especially using this reFIT booting system), and to changing the socket of the USB (which does not concern me, since I am using a CD, actually I tried with a CD, then with a DVD, since a blank CD is only 700MB while the iso image file of Ubuntu is about 731MB). Anyway. This is what happens: I am in the Mac system (using the Mac partition) I insert the DVD with the burned image of Ubuntu (yes I have tried burning it again and agin on both CD and DVD blank discs). I restart the computer. When reFIT loads, I hold down the ALT key until the CD image appears. I select it, and hit Enter. A small Ubuntu icon appears at the bottom of the screen. Then a Ubuntu sign appears in the middle of the screen with small dots underneath, lighting up progressively over and over to indicate it's loading. Then everything turns black and the following message appears, at the end of a few lines of text: "unable to find medium with live file system". Please provide very practical suggestions on what to do to an unexperienced wannabe Ubuntu very patient user. Please start by saying how do I access the BIOS setup from reFIT bootup, and exactly what and why I need to try and change. (Will this mess up my reFIT bootup?) And anything else I need to do to finally be able to install Ubuntu. Thanks

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  • How to make a btrfs snapshot?

    - by MountainX
    My /home partition consists of an entire physical disk. It is formatted as btrfs. I want to snapshot it. I'm confused regarding subvolume naming, in particular. I am aware that there are similar questions, but each similar question seems to be asking something different from what I'm asking (and they are older, which means probably outdated, given the rapid development of btrfs). For example, the answer to this question is apparently not the answer to my question because my /home partition is a separate volume and the man page for btrfs shows a different command for creating snapshots now. another similar problem, no solid solution. someone else as confused as me on the naming issues My question: Starting simple: is this the correct command to take a simple snapshot of my home partition? btrfs subvolume snapshot /home/@home /home/@home_snapshot_20120421 I got really brave and tested it and it does not work. The error is error accessing /home/@home. As shown below, @home is listed. I'm obviously confused on subvolume names. Do I need to use them in creating snapshots? Some examples show taking snapshots of home using /home as the source parameter, but based on examples of root volumes, it seems to me that I need to use /home/@home. Would this command work? And if not, why? btrfs subvolume snapshot /home /home/@home_snapshot_20120421 Is the @ just a naming convention? Is it meaningful at all? Here's some output that may be relevant: btrfs subvolume list /home ID 256 top level 5 path @home I'm not sure what that means, exactly. When I try btrfs device scan it gives an error (e.g. unable to scan the device /dev/sda1). My file system doesn't have any errors. Everything is fine.

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  • Unable to mount external hard drive - Damaged file system and MFT

    - by Khalifa Abbas Lame
    I get the following error when i try to mount my external hard drive. UNABLE TO MOUNT Error mounting /dev/sdc1 at /media/khalibloo/Khalibloo2: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=0077,fmask=0177" "/dev/sdc1" "/media/khalibloo/Khalibloo2"' exited with non-zero exit status 13: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error Failed to read of MFT, mft=6 count=1 br=-1: Input/output error Failed to open inode FILE_Bitmap: Input/output error Failed to mount '/dev/sdc1': Input/output error NTFS is either inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault, or it's a SoftRAID/FakeRAID hardware. In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows then reboot into Windows twice. The usage of the /f parameter is very important! If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID then first activate it and mount a different device under the /dev/mapper/ directory, (e.g. /dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1). Please see the 'dmraid' documentation for more details. It doesn't mount on windows either: "I/O Device error" it's an ntfs hard drive with a single partition Of course, i tried chkdsk /f. it reported several file segments as unreadable, but didn't say whether it fixed them or not (apparently not). also tried with the /b flag. ntfsfix reported the volume as corrupt. TestDisk was able to fix a small error with the partition table by adding the "80" flag for the active (only) partition. TestDisk also confirmed that the boot sector was fine and it matched the backup. However, when attempting to repair the MFT, it couldn't read the MFT. It also couldn't list the files on the hard drive. It says file system may be damaged. Active@ also shows that MFT is missing or corrupt. So how do i fix the file system? or the MFT?

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  • disk space worngly displayed after installing LVM disk

    - by Ubuntuser
    I installed ubuntu server using LVM partitioning on a 1 TB hard disk. However, after installation, i can only see 10 Gig space here is the fidsk output ` # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00041507 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 10 71680 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 10 121602 976689152 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/dm-0: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table You have new mail in /var/mail/root and df -h output df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/system-root 9.9G 6.6G 2.8G 71% / devtmpfs 1.9G 232K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 4.0K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 68M 22M 43M 34% /boot tmpfs 6.0G 0 6.0G 0% /var/spool/asterisk/monitor You have new mail in /var/mail/root ` any way to increase this space without reisntalling?

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  • Internal hard drive, can't format

    - by user113923
    I cannot format anymore the hard drive of my laptop. Here is how I proceed: I am starting my computer with a USB live drive (Ubuntu 10.04 LTS - the Lucid Lynx). Then I start disk utility and try to format the hard drive - I choosed to format the Master boot record but I get the following error: Error creating partition table: helper exited with exit code 1: Error calling fsync(2) on /dev/sda: Input/output error If I try to delete partitions I get the following error Error erasing: helper exited with exit code 1: In part_del_partition: device_file=/dev/sda, offset=32256 Entering MS-DOS parser (offset=0, size=30005821440) MSDOS_MAGIC found looking at part 0 (offset 32256, size 4096157184, type 0x83) new part entry looking at part 1 (offset 10618836480, size 8414461440, type 0x83) new part entry looking at part 2 (offset 19033297920, size 1077511680, type 0x82) new part entry looking at part 3 (offset 20110809600, size 9895011840, type 0x07) new part entry Exiting MS-DOS parser MSDOS partition table detected got it got disk got partition - part-type=0 Error: Input/output error during write on /dev/sda ped_disk_commit_to_dev() failed If I try to install ubuntu frrom the usb on the hard drive and choose erase and use the entire disk I get the error message Input/output error during write on /dev/sda For side infos I have at the moment 4 partitions on my hard drive: /dev/sda1 (ext2) /dev/sda2 (ext2) /dev/sda3 (swap) /dev/sda1 (ntfs) + /dev/sda (unlocated Space) My ultimate goal is to reinstall ubuntu and have only 2 partitions... I would really appreciate any help here! Thanks JB

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  • Parallelize incremental processing in Tabular #ssas #tabular

    - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)
    I recently came in a problem trying to improve the parallelism of Tabular processing. As you know, multiple tables can be processed in parallel, whereas the processing of several partitions within the same table cannot be parallelized. When you perform an incremental update by adding only new rows to existing table, what you really do is adding rows to a partition, so adding rows to many tables means adding rows to several partitions. The particular condition you have in this case is that every partition in which you add rows belongs to a different table. Adding rows implies using the ProcessAdd command; its QueryBinding parameter specifies a SQL syntax to read new rows, otherwise the original query specified for the partition will be used, and it could generate duplicated data if you don’t have a dynamic behavior on the SQL side. If you create the required XMLA code manually, you will find that the QueryBinding node that should be part of the ProcessAdd command has to be moved out from ProcessAdd in case you are using a Batch command with more than one Process command (which is the reason why you want to use a single batch: run multiple process operations in parallel!). If you use AMO (Analysis Management Objects) you will find that this combination is not supported, even if you don’t have a syntax error compiling the code, but you might obtain this error at execution time: The syntax for the 'Process' command is incorrect. The 'Bindings' keyword cannot appear under a 'Process' command if the 'Process' command is a part of a 'Batch' command and there are more than one 'Process' commands in the 'Batch' or the 'Batch' command contains any out of line related information. In this case, the 'Bindings' keyword should be a part of the 'Batch' command only. If this is happening to you, the best solution I’ve found is manipulating the XMLA code generated by AMO moving the Binding nodes in the right place. A more detailed description of the issue and the code required to send a correct XMLA batch to Analysis Services is available in my article Parallelize ProcessAdd with AMO. By the way, the same technique (and code) can be used also if you have the same problem in a Multidimensional model.

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  • Lubuntu 12.04 on Acer laptop boots to blank blue screen

    - by WGCman
    My previous question on this was closed, but I am posting it again as the solution which my son eventually found may assist other users of the forum, or someone may be able to tweak the solution to improve the performance. Having installed Kubuntu 12.04.01 from a live USB onto my desktop, I wanted to do the same on my laptop, an Acer Aspire 1362 Laptop, which has 256MB RAM (actually 512 "on the box", but a good deal can be borrowed by the graphics!). I found Kubuntu wouldn't run on so little memory but downloaded: Lubuntu-12.04-alternate-i386.iso, which I understood was light enough to go. The laptop has one internal 40GB Toshiba hard drive divided into 3 partitions: C,19GB with Windows XP, Windows program files and some data, D, 19GB mostly data, and a small 2GB partition with some Acer software, which XP can't normally “see”. I transferred most of the contents of D to a memory stick, leaving 16GB free for Lubuntu. I did not want to dump XP yet, though it is painfully slow. I installed Lubuntu from then USB stick, accepting the default answers to most of the questions. The D: partition was further partitioned into a 500MB boot partition, 10GB for Linux, 2GB Swap and 6GB for data shareable between Linux and Windows. I had no error messages during installation, rebooted, was offered the choice of Ubuntu or XP, and selected the former. After a few minutes, I get a dark blue screen announcing Lubuntu with five dots underneath which lighten in turn. Eventually the lights stopped, and whatever I try the screen remains blank apart from “Lubuntu” I tried several solutions suggested on the forum for “identical” questions but without success.

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  • Not enough disk space '/' in AWS instance

    - by Sumant
    i am running Ubuntu 11.04 instance for my Web Server on AWS cloud, now i am getting there is no disk space in / partition of my server. df -ah say this Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 7.9G 7.8G 97M 99% / proc 0 0 0 - /proc none 0 0 0 - /sys fusectl 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/fuse/connections none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/security none 3.7G 112K 3.7G 1% /dev none 0 0 0 - /dev/pts none 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm none 3.7G 80K 3.7G 1% /var/run none 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /var/lock /dev/xvdb 414G 16G 377G 4% /mnt Now i have Tried these thing for getting some extra space on / partition Clean up All Log files for Apache. Removed all unnecessary files from server. Home directory Cleanup. But Still I am not getting enough space. This Instance type is m1.large with 8GB EBS. Now i am getting i have enough disk space in /dev/xvdb. Is there a way i can allocate some diskspace to / from /dev/xvdb or Any other Ways. Please suggest me the possible solution for this.Is it possible to use the same /dev/xvdb partition with another instance.

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