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• Grub not showing installed kernels

  - by Markus

  Although I have several kernel versions in /boot and having them in my grub.cfg, they are not displayed in the grub boot menu. Running update-grub seems to work, as it puts the kernels in the grub.cfg in /boot/grub. Issueing it gives the following output: Generating grub.cfg ... cat: /boot/grub/video.lst: Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-31-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-31-generic /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-30-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-30-generic /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. done I don't know how to fix that problem. Reinstalling grub via live cd did not help.

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• What is the best freeware app for Windows to mount EXT4 partitions (from a GPT 4TB Disk) as RW, safely without corrupting the EXT4 partition?

  - by Bran

  My Computer is set up as Dualboot Windows and Ubuntu. I have 1 OS drive, and 1 hard drive with a /backup partition (which has all my family photos and data) and it is ext4. Also note... it is EXT4, and it is GPT, and it is 4TB size. Anyway, Windows can not mount the /backup ext4 partition. What software/freeware do you reccomend for Windows? Preferrably looking for someone with experiance using it for a long time and not have problems with EXT4 partition which is a 4TB, GPT Disk. Thank you for your advice and guidance! Always, appreciate everyones help at askubuntu, you guys are the best. Any ideas?

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• Win7 Bluescreen: IRQ_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL | athrxusb.sys

  - by wretrOvian

  Hi I'd left my system on last night, and found the bluescreen in the morning. This has been happening occasionally, over the past few days. Details: ================================================== Dump File : 022710-18236-01.dmp Crash Time : 2/27/2010 8:46:44 AM Bug Check String : DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL Bug Check Code : 0x000000d1 Parameter 1 : 00000000`00001001 Parameter 2 : 00000000`00000002 Parameter 3 : 00000000`00000000 Parameter 4 : fffff880`06b5c0e1 Caused By Driver : athrxusb.sys Caused By Address : athrxusb.sys+760e1 File Description : Product Name : Company : File Version : Processor : x64 Computer Name : Full Path : C:\Windows\minidump\022710-18236-01.dmp Processors Count : 2 Major Version : 15 Minor Version : 7600 ================================================== HiJackThis ("[...]" indicates removed text; full log posted to pastebin): Logfile of Trend Micro HijackThis v2.0.2 Scan saved at 8:49:15 AM, on 2/27/2010 Platform: Unknown Windows (WinNT 6.01.3504) MSIE: Internet Explorer v8.00 (8.00.7600.16385) Boot mode: Normal Running processes: C:\Windows\DAODx.exe C:\Program Files (x86)\ASUS\EPU\EPU.exe C:\Program Files\ASUS\TurboV\TurboV.exe C:\Program Files (x86)\PowerISO\PWRISOVM.EXE C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenOffice.org 3\program\soffice.exe C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenOffice.org 3\program\soffice.bin D:\Downloads\HijackThis.exe C:\Program Files (x86)\uTorrent\uTorrent.exe R1 - HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\[...] [...] O2 - BHO: Java(tm) Plug-In 2 SSV Helper - {DBC80044-A445-435b-BC74-9C25C1C588A9} - C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre6\bin\jp2ssv.dll O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [HDAudDeck] C:\Program Files (x86)\VIA\VIAudioi\VDeck\VDeck.exe -r O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [StartCCC] "C:\Program Files (x86)\ATI Technologies\ATI.ACE\Core-Static\CLIStart.exe" MSRun O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [TurboV] "C:\Program Files\ASUS\TurboV\TurboV.exe" O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [PWRISOVM.EXE] C:\Program Files (x86)\PowerISO\PWRISOVM.EXE O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [googletalk] C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Google Talk\googletalk.exe /autostart O4 - HKLM\..\Run: [AdobeCS4ServiceManager] "C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe\CS4ServiceManager\CS4ServiceManager.exe" -launchedbylogin O4 - HKCU\..\Run: [uTorrent] "C:\Program Files (x86)\uTorrent\uTorrent.exe" O4 - HKUS\S-1-5-19\..\Run: [Sidebar] %ProgramFiles%\Windows Sidebar\Sidebar.exe /autoRun (User 'LOCAL SERVICE') O4 - HKUS\S-1-5-19\..\RunOnce: [mctadmin] C:\Windows\System32\mctadmin.exe (User 'LOCAL SERVICE') O4 - HKUS\S-1-5-20\..\Run: [Sidebar] %ProgramFiles%\Windows Sidebar\Sidebar.exe /autoRun (User 'NETWORK SERVICE') O4 - HKUS\S-1-5-20\..\RunOnce: [mctadmin] C:\Windows\System32\mctadmin.exe (User 'NETWORK SERVICE') O4 - Startup: OpenOffice.org 3.1.lnk = C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenOffice.org 3\program\quickstart.exe O13 - Gopher Prefix: O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\Alg.exe,-112 (ALG) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\alg.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: AMD External Events Utility - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\atiesrxx.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: ASUS System Control Service (AsSysCtrlService) - Unknown owner - C:\Program Files (x86)\ASUS\AsSysCtrlService\1.00.02\AsSysCtrlService.exe O23 - Service: DeviceVM Meta Data Export Service (DvmMDES) - DeviceVM - C:\ASUS.SYS\config\DVMExportService.exe O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\efssvc.dll,-100 (EFS) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: ESET HTTP Server (EhttpSrv) - ESET - C:\Program Files\ESET\ESET NOD32 Antivirus\EHttpSrv.exe O23 - Service: ESET Service (ekrn) - ESET - C:\Program Files\ESET\ESET NOD32 Antivirus\x86\ekrn.exe O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\fxsresm.dll,-118 (Fax) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\fxssvc.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: FLEXnet Licensing Service - Acresso Software Inc. - C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Macrovision Shared\FLEXnet Publisher\FNPLicensingService.exe O23 - Service: FLEXnet Licensing Service 64 - Acresso Software Inc. - C:\Program Files\Common Files\Macrovision Shared\FLEXnet Publisher\FNPLicensingService64.exe O23 - Service: InstallDriver Table Manager (IDriverT) - Macrovision Corporation - C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\InstallShield\Driver\11\Intel 32\IDriverT.exe O23 - Service: @keyiso.dll,-100 (KeyIso) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @comres.dll,-2797 (MSDTC) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\msdtc.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\System32\netlogon.dll,-102 (Netlogon) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\psbase.dll,-300 (ProtectedStorage) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: Protexis Licensing V2 (PSI_SVC_2) - Protexis Inc. - c:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Protexis\License Service\PsiService_2.exe O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\Locator.exe,-2 (RpcLocator) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\locator.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\samsrv.dll,-1 (SamSs) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\snmptrap.exe,-3 (SNMPTRAP) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\snmptrap.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\spoolsv.exe,-1 (Spooler) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\spoolsv.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\sppsvc.exe,-101 (sppsvc) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\sppsvc.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: Steam Client Service - Valve Corporation - C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Steam\SteamService.exe O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\ui0detect.exe,-101 (UI0Detect) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\UI0Detect.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\vaultsvc.dll,-1003 (VaultSvc) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%SystemRoot%\system32\vds.exe,-100 (vds) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\System32\vds.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\vssvc.exe,-102 (VSS) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\vssvc.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%systemroot%\system32\wbengine.exe,-104 (wbengine) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\wbengine.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%Systemroot%\system32\wbem\wmiapsrv.exe,-110 (wmiApSrv) - Unknown owner - C:\Windows\system32\wbem\WmiApSrv.exe (file missing) O23 - Service: @%PROGRAMFILES%\Windows Media Player\wmpnetwk.exe,-101 (WMPNetworkSvc) - Unknown owner - C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Media Player\wmpnetwk.exe (file missing) -- End of file - 6800 bytes CPU-Z ("[...]" indicates removed text; see full log posted to pastebin): CPU-Z TXT Report ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Binaries ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-Z version 1.53.1 Processors ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of processors 1 Number of threads 2 APICs ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Processor 0 -- Core 0 -- Thread 0 0 -- Core 1 -- Thread 0 1 Processors Information ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Processor 1 ID = 0 Number of cores 2 (max 2) Number of threads 2 (max 2) Name AMD Phenom II X2 550 Codename Callisto Specification AMD Phenom(tm) II X2 550 Processor Package Socket AM3 (938) CPUID F.4.2 Extended CPUID 10.4 Brand ID 29 Core Stepping RB-C2 Technology 45 nm Core Speed 3110.7 MHz Multiplier x FSB 15.5 x 200.7 MHz HT Link speed 2006.9 MHz Instructions sets MMX (+), 3DNow! (+), SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4A, x86-64, AMD-V L1 Data cache 2 x 64 KBytes, 2-way set associative, 64-byte line size L1 Instruction cache 2 x 64 KBytes, 2-way set associative, 64-byte line size L2 cache 2 x 512 KBytes, 16-way set associative, 64-byte line size L3 cache 6 MBytes, 48-way set associative, 64-byte line size FID/VID Control yes Min FID 4.0x P-State FID 0xF - VID 0x10 P-State FID 0x8 - VID 0x18 P-State FID 0x3 - VID 0x20 P-State FID 0x100 - VID 0x2C Package Type 0x1 Model 50 String 1 0x7 String 2 0x6 Page 0x0 TDP Limit 79 Watts TDC Limit 66 Amps Attached device PCI device at bus 0, device 24, function 0 Attached device PCI device at bus 0, device 24, function 1 Attached device PCI device at bus 0, device 24, function 2 Attached device PCI device at bus 0, device 24, function 3 Attached device PCI device at bus 0, device 24, function 4 Thread dumps ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU Thread 0 APIC ID 0 Topology Processor ID 0, Core ID 0, Thread ID 0 Type 0200400Ah Max CPUID level 00000005h Max CPUID ext. level 8000001Bh Cache descriptor Level 1, I, 64 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 1, D, 64 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 2, U, 512 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 3, U, 6 MB, 2 thread(s) CPUID 0x00000000 0x00000005 0x68747541 0x444D4163 0x69746E65 0x00000001 0x00100F42 0x00020800 0x00802009 0x178BFBFF 0x00000002 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000005 0x00000040 0x00000040 0x00000003 0x00000000 [...] CPU Thread 1 APIC ID 1 Topology Processor ID 0, Core ID 1, Thread ID 0 Type 0200400Ah Max CPUID level 00000005h Max CPUID ext. level 8000001Bh Cache descriptor Level 1, I, 64 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 1, D, 64 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 2, U, 512 KB, 1 thread(s) Cache descriptor Level 3, U, 6 MB, 2 thread(s) CPUID 0x00000000 0x00000005 0x68747541 0x444D4163 0x69746E65 0x00000001 0x00100F42 0x01020800 0x00802009 0x178BFBFF 0x00000002 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000005 0x00000040 0x00000040 0x00000003 0x00000000 [...] Chipset ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Northbridge AMD 790GX rev. 00 Southbridge ATI SB750 rev. 00 Memory Type DDR3 Memory Size 4096 MBytes Channels Dual, (Unganged) Memory Frequency 669.0 MHz (3:10) CAS# latency (CL) 9.0 RAS# to CAS# delay (tRCD) 9 RAS# Precharge (tRP) 9 Cycle Time (tRAS) 24 Bank Cycle Time (tRC) 33 Command Rate (CR) 1T Uncore Frequency 2006.9 MHz Memory SPD ------------------------------------------------------------------------- DIMM # 1 SMBus address 0x50 Memory type DDR3 Module format UDIMM Manufacturer (ID) G.Skill (7F7F7F7FCD000000) Size 2048 MBytes Max bandwidth PC3-10700 (667 MHz) Part number F3-10600CL9-2GBNT Number of banks 8 Nominal Voltage 1.50 Volts EPP no XMP no JEDEC timings table CL-tRCD-tRP-tRAS-tRC @ frequency JEDEC #1 6.0-6-6-17-23 @ 457 MHz JEDEC #2 7.0-7-7-20-27 @ 533 MHz JEDEC #3 8.0-8-8-22-31 @ 609 MHz JEDEC #4 9.0-9-9-25-34 @ 685 MHz DIMM # 2 SMBus address 0x51 Memory type DDR3 Module format UDIMM Manufacturer (ID) G.Skill (7F7F7F7FCD000000) Size 2048 MBytes Max bandwidth PC3-10700 (667 MHz) Part number F3-10600CL9-2GBNT Number of banks 8 Nominal Voltage 1.50 Volts EPP no XMP no JEDEC timings table CL-tRCD-tRP-tRAS-tRC @ frequency JEDEC #1 6.0-6-6-17-23 @ 457 MHz JEDEC #2 7.0-7-7-20-27 @ 533 MHz JEDEC #3 8.0-8-8-22-31 @ 609 MHz JEDEC #4 9.0-9-9-25-34 @ 685 MHz DIMM # 1 SPD registers [...] DIMM # 2 SPD registers [...] Monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mainboard Model M4A78T-E (0x000001F7 - 0x00A955E4) LPCIO ------------------------------------------------------------------------- LPCIO Vendor ITE LPCIO Model IT8720 LPCIO Vendor ID 0x90 LPCIO Chip ID 0x8720 LPCIO Revision ID 0x2 Config Mode I/O address 0x2E Config Mode LDN 0x4 Config Mode registers [...] Register space LPC, base address = 0x0290 Hardware Monitors ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hardware monitor ITE IT87 Voltage 1 1.62 Volts [0x65] (VIN1) Voltage 2 1.15 Volts [0x48] (CPU VCORE) Voltage 3 5.03 Volts [0xBB] (+5V) Voltage 8 3.34 Volts [0xD1] (VBAT) Temperature 0 39°C (102°F) [0x27] (TMPIN0) Temperature 1 43°C (109°F) [0x2B] (TMPIN1) Fan 0 3096 RPM [0xDA] (FANIN0) Register space LPC, base address = 0x0290 [...] Hardware monitor AMD SB6xx/7xx Voltage 0 1.37 Volts [0x1D2] (CPU VCore) Voltage 1 3.50 Volts [0x27B] (CPU IO) Voltage 2 12.68 Volts [0x282] (+12V) Hardware monitor AMD Phenom II X2 550 Power 0 89.10 W (Processor) Temperature 0 35°C (94°F) [0x115] (Core #0) Temperature 1 35°C (94°F) [0x115] (Core #1)

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• Stop squid caching 302 and 307 with deny_info

  - by 0xception

  TLDR: 302, 307 and Error pages are being cached. Need to force a refresh of the content. Long version: I've setup a very minimal squid instance running on a gateway which shouldn't not cache ANYTHING but needs to be solely used as a domain based web filter. I'm using another application which redirects un-authenticated users to the proxy which then uses the deny_info option redirects any non-whitelisted request to the login page. After the user has authenticated the firewall rule gets placed so they no longer get sent to the proxy. The problem is that when a user hits a website (xkcd.com) they are unauthenticated so they get redirected via the firewall: iptables -A unknown-user -t nat -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 39135 to the proxy at this point squid redirects the user to the login page using a 302 (i've also tried 307, and i've also make sure the headers are set to no-cache and/or no-store for Cache-Control and Pragma). Then when the user logs into the system they get firewall rule which no longer directs them to the squid proxy. But if they go to xkcd.com again they will have the original redirection page cached and will once again get the login page. Any idea how to force these redirects to NOT be cached by the browser? Perhaps this is a problem w/ the browsers and not squid, but not sure how to get around it. Full squid config below. # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32 ::1 acl localnet src 192.168.182.0/23 # RFC1918 possible internal network acl localnet src fc00::/7 # RFC 4193 local private network range acl localnet src fe80::/10 # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines acl https port 443 acl http port 80 acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Disable Cache # cache deny all via off negative_ttl 0 seconds refresh_all_ims on #error_default_language en # Allow manager access only from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager # Deny access to anything other then http http_access deny !http # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !https visible_hostname gate.ovatn.net # Disable memory pooling memory_pools off # Never use neigh cache objects for cgi-bin scripts hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # # URL rewrite Test Settings # #acl whitelist dstdomain "/etc/squid/domains-pre.lst" #url_rewrite_program /usr/lib/squid/redirector #url_rewrite_access allow !whitelist #url_rewrite_children 5 startup=0 idle=1 concurrency=0 #http_access allow all # # Deny Info Error Test # acl whitelist dstdomain "/etc/squid/domains-pre.lst" deny_info http://login.domain.com/ whitelist #deny_info ERR_ACCESS_DENIED whitelist http_access deny !whitelist http_access allow whitelist http_port 39135 transparent ## Debug Values access_log /var/log/squid/access-pre.log cache_log /var/log/squid/cache-pre.log # Production Values #access_log /dev/null #cache_log /dev/null # Set PID file pid_filename /var/run/gatekeeper-pre.pid SOLUTION: I believe I might have found a solution to this. After days and days trying to figure it out, only through a random stumble I found client_persistent_connections off server_persistent_connections off This did the trick. So it wasn't so much cache as it was a single persistent connection messing things up. W000T!

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• Why did my flash drive become "read only" and (how) can I fix it?

  - by Bob

  I have a brand new flash drive (one week old) that has become marked as read only, by Windows, Kubuntu and a bootable partitioner. Why did this happen? Is it fixable? If it is, how can I fix this? The problem Firstly, this drive is new. It's certainly not been used enough to die from normal wear and tear, though I would not discount defective components. The drive itself has somehow become locked in a read only state. Windows' Disk management: Diskpart: Generic Flash Disk USB Device Disk ID: 33FA33FA Type : USB Status : Online Path : 0 Target : 0 LUN ID : 0 Location Path : UNAVAILABLE Current Read-only State : Yes Read-only : No Boot Disk : No Pagefile Disk : No Hibernation File Disk : No Crashdump Disk : No Clustered Disk : No What really confuses me is Current Read-only State : Yes and Read-only : No. Attempted solutions So far, I've tried: Formatting it in Windows (in Disk management, the format options are greyed out when right clicking). DiskPart Clean (CLEAN - Clear the configuration information, or all information, off the disk.): DISKPART> clean DiskPart has encountered an error: The media is write protected. See the System Event Log for more information. There was nothing in the event log. Windows command line format >format G: Insert new disk for drive G: and press ENTER when ready... The type of the file system is FAT32. Verifying 7740M Cannot format. This volume is write protected. Windows chkdsk: see below for details Kubuntu fsck (through VirtualBox USB passthrough): see below for details Acronis True Image to format, to convert to GPT, to destroy and rebuild MBR, basically anything: failed (could not write to MBR) Details (and a nice story) Background This was a brand new, generic, 8GB flash drive I wanted to create a multiboot flash drive with. It came formatted as FAT32, though oddly a little larger than most 8 GIGAbyte flash drives I've come across. Approximately 127MB was listed as "used" by Windows. I never discovered why. The end usable space was about what I normally expect from a 8GB drive (approx 7.4 GIBIbytes). I had thrown quite a few Linux distros on, along with a copy of Hiren's. They would all boot perfectly. They were put on with YUMI. When I tried to put the Knoppix DVD on, YUMI added an odd video option to its boot comman which caused Knoppix to boot with a black screen on X. ttys 1 through 6 still worked as text only interfaces. A few days later, I took some time to take that odd video option off, making the boot command match the one that comes with Knoppix. On the attempt to boot, Knoppix reported some form of LZMA corruption. Leading up to the current issue I was thinking the Knoppix files may have been corrupted somehow, so I tried reloading it. The drive was nearly full (45MB free), so I deleted a generic ISO that also was not booting. That went fine. I then went through YUMI to 'uninstall' Knoppix, i.e. delete files and remove from the menus. The files went first, then the menus were cleared successfully. However, the free space was stuck at about 700MB, same as it was before removing Knoppix. In the old Knoppix folder, there was a 0 byte file named KNOPPIX that could not be deleted. I tried reinserting the drive to delete this file - without safely removing, if that made a difference (hey, first time for everything). Running the standard Windows chkdsk scan without /r or /f reported errors found. Running with /r just got it stuck. I decided to give fsck a shot, so I loaded up my Kubuntu VM and attached the drive to it with VirtualBox's USB 2.0 passthrough. I umounted it (/dev/sda1) and ran a fsck. There are differences between boot sector and its backup. I chose No action. It told me FATs differ and asked me to select either the first or second FAT. Whichever I selected, I got a notice of Free cluster summary wrong. If I chose Correct, it gave a list of incorrect file names. To try to fix something, at least, I ran it with the -p option. Halfway through fixing the files, the VM froze - I ended its process about ten minutes later. Cause? My next attempt was to use YUMI, again, to rebuild the whole drive. I used YUMI's built in reformat (to FAT32) option and installed a Kubuntu ISO (700MB). The format was successful, however, the extract and copy of Kubuntu (which YUMI uses a 7zip binary for) froze at about 60% done. After waiting for about fifteen minutes (longer than the 3.5GB Knoppix ISO took last time), I pulled the drive out. The drive at this point was already formatted, SYSLINUX already installed, just waiting on the unpacking of an ISO and the modifying of the boot menus. Plugging it back in, it came up as normal - however, any write action would fail. Disk management reported it as read only. On reconnect, it would come up as normal but a write operation would cause it to go read only again. After a few attempts, it started coming up as read only on insertion. Attempts to fix This is when I ran through the attempts listed above, to try and reformat it in case of a faulty format. However the inability to do so even on a bootable disk indicated something more serious is wrong. chkdsk now reports nothing is wrong, and fsck still reports MBR inconsistencies, but now always chooses first FAT automatically after telling me FATs differ. It still does the same Free cluster summary wrong afterwards. I cannot run with -p anymore because it is now marked as read only. It also managed to corrupt my VM's disk somehow on the first attempt (yes, I'm sure I chose sda, which is mapped to a 7.4GB drive - I triple checked). Thank god for snapshots? I'm just about out of ideas. To my inexperienced mind it looks like something in the drive's firmware set it to read only "permanently" somehow - is there any way to reset this? I don't particularly care about keeping data, considering I've reformatted it twice. Also, fixes that keep me in Windows are better; it reduces the risk of me accidentally nuking my main hard drive. Update 1: I pulled apart the drive out of curiosity. As you can see, there are no obvious write protect switches. There is an IC on the other side, ALCOR branded labelled AU6989HL, if that matters. If there appears to be no way to fix this, I'll probably pull out the (glued down) card and put it in a card reader to check if it's the card or the controller that died. Update 2: I've pulled the card off, Windows detects the drive as a card reader now. The contacts on the card don't appear to be used, and there are several rows of holes on the card itself. Putting it into the card reader only detects about 30MB total, RAW. It's probably either the reader incorrectly reporting the card as faulty (as if a real SD card's write protect was switched on) or a bad contact somewhere. If nothing else, I have a spare 8GB Micro SD card now... as soon as I figure out how to format it as 8GB.

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• Need Varnish configuration advice

  - by Patrick

  Hello fellows, I need some advice here for default.vcl. Here's the rules: Only cache pages with urls that contains '/c/', the rest will pass Set the cache expiry to 3 hours Only cache and serve from cache if cookie 'abc' and cookie 'xyz' is empty Thank you!

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• Solaris: Is it OK to disable font services?

  - by cjavapro

  Is it OK to disable these services? # svcs -l '*font*' fmri svc:/application/font/stfsloader:default name Standard Type Services Framework (STSF) Font Server loader enabled true state online next_state none state_time Sun May 30 17:58:14 2010 restarter svc:/network/inetd:default fmri svc:/application/font/fc-cache:default name FontConfig Cache Builder enabled true state online next_state none state_time Sun May 30 17:58:15 2010 logfile /var/svc/log/application-font-fc-cache:default.log restarter svc:/system/svc/restarter:default dependency require_all/none svc:/system/filesystem/local (online) dependency require_all/refresh file://localhost/etc/fonts/fonts.conf (online) dependency require_all/none file://localhost/usr/bin/fc-cache (online) #

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• Need Varnish configuration advise

  - by Patrick

  Hello fellows, I need some advise here for default.vcl. Here's the rules: 1) Only cache pages with urls that contains '/c/', the rest will pass 2) Set the cache expiry to 3 hours 3) Only cache and server from cache if cookie 'abc' and cookie 'xyz' is empty Thank you!

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• Preventing 304 Not Modified Requests with nginx

  - by ustun

  I am running nginx, and have the following block for expiration: expires 52w; However when I use Google Chrome Developer Tools to observe network traffic, some of the assets are loaded from cache (200-from cache) while most of the assets are making a request to the server (304 Not Modified). I want to load all assets from cache without communicating with the server if possible. (200-from cache) What would be the required change in my nginx configuration?

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• SQLServer:Namespaces preventing access to query data

  - by Brian

  Hi A beginners question, hopefully easily answered. I've got an xml file I want to load into SQLServer 2008 and extract the useful informaiton. I'm starting simple and just trying to extract the name (\gpx\name). The code I have is: DECLARE @x xml; SELECT @x = xCol.BulkColumn FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\Data\EM.gpx', SINGLE_BLOB) AS xCol; -- confirm the xml data is in @x select @x as XML_Data -- try and get the name of the gpx section SELECT c.value('name[1]', 'varchar(200)') as Name from @x.nodes('gpx') x(c) Below is a heavily shortened version of the xml file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <gpx xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" version="1.0" creator="Groundspeak Pocket Query" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0 http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0/gpx.xsd http://www.groundspeak.com/cache/1/0 http://www.groundspeak.com/cache/1/0/cache.xsd" xmlns="http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0"> <name>EM</name> <desc>Geocache file generated by Groundspeak</desc> <author>Groundspeak</author> <email>[email protected]</email> <time>2010-03-24T14:01:36.4931342Z</time> <keywords>cache, geocache, groundspeak</keywords> <wpt lat="51.2586" lon="-2.213067"> <time>2008-03-30T07:00:00Z</time> <name>GC1APHM</name> <desc>Sandman's Noble Hoard by Sandman1973, Unknown Cache (2/3)</desc> <groundspeak:cache id="832000" available="True" archived="False" xmlns:groundspeak="http://www.groundspeak.com/cache/1/0"> <groundspeak:name>Sandman's Noble Hoard</groundspeak:name> <groundspeak:placed_by>Sandman1973</groundspeak:placed_by> </groundspeak:cache> </wpt> </gpx> If the first two lines are replaced with just: <gpx> the above example works correctly, however I then can't access groundspeak:name (/gpx/wpt/groundspeak:cache/groundspeak:name), so my guess its a problem with the namespace. Any help would be appriciated.

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• How can I export images from MS SQL Server to a file on disk?

  - by rball

  I have a User table that has all of their avatars saved in an image field. I'd like to just take that out of the database and store it as a regular file on disk. I looked around and saw some code for textcopy, but that doesn't seem to be on my machine for some reason. Here is the code I wrote up anyway. Anyone know a way to get this done? DECLARE @exec_str varchar (255) SELECT @exec_str = 'textcopy /S (local)\SQLEXPRESS' + --' /U ' + @login + --' /P ' + @password + ' /D thedatabase' + ' /T User'+ ' /C AvatarImage' + ' /F "d:\Avatars\' + User.Name + '.jpg"' + ' /O' FROM [User] WHERE UserID = 2 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @exec_str

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• Python 3.1.1 Problem With Tuples

  - by Protean

  This piece of code is supposed to go through a list and preform some formatting to the items, such as removing quotations, and then saving it to another list. class process: def rchr(string_i, asciivalue): string_o = () for i in range(len(string_i)): if ord(string_i[i]) != asciivalue: string_o += string_i[i] return string_o def flist(self, list_i): cache = () cache_list = [] for line in list_i: cache = line.split('\t') cacbe[0] = process.rchr(str(cache[0]), 34) cache_list.append(cache[0]) cache_list[index] = cache index += 1 cache_list.sort() return cache_list p = process() list1a = ['cow', 'dog', '"sheep"'] list1 = p.flist(list1a) print (country_list) However; it chokes at 'string_o += string_i[i]' and gives the following error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Projects/Python/safafa.py", line 23, in <module> list1 = p.flist(list1a) File "/Projects/Python/safafa.py", line 14, in flist cacbe[0] = process.rchr(str(cache[0]), 34) File "/Projects/Python/safafa.py", line 7, in rchr string_o += string_i[i] TypeError: can only concatenate tuple (not "str") to tuple

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• Google Chrome audit on caching

  - by Álvaro G. Vicario

  If I run an audit on my sites with Google Chrome, I get this message in the Leverage browser caching section: The following resources are missing a cache expiration. Resources that do not specify an expiration may not be cached by browsers: A list of all the pictures follows. I get a similar notice in Leverage proxy caching: Consider adding a "Cache-Control: public" header to the following resources: Apart from pictures, I also get a notice about HTML, CSS and JavaScript files: The following resources are explicitly non-cacheable. Consider making them cacheable if possible: Its funny because I've worked hard to cache all static contents (except for pictures, where I just left Apache's default settings). Firefox does indeed store all these items in cache. Is there anything I should improve in my HTTP headers? Here's the complete header set of some items as loaded after removing the browser caché. Pictures use default settings I didn't really check before, the rest should be cachéd for three hours. I can set headers with both .htaccess and PHP. PNG HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:46:14 GMT Server: Apache Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:54 GMT Etag: "c48024-230-4821a15d6c580" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 560 Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: image/png HTML HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:46:13 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:46:13 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Wed, 24 Mar 2010 20:30:36 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15 CSS HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:48:21 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:48:21 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:12 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/css JavaScript HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:48:21 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:48:21 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:12 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: application/x-javascript Update I've tested Jumby's suggestion and set my CSS's expire to 1 year: Cache-Control:max-age=31536000, s-maxage=31536000, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Connection:Keep-Alive Content-Encoding:gzip Content-Length:4198 Content-Type:text/css Date:Mon, 02 Aug 2010 20:48:56 GMT Expires:Tue, 02 Aug 2011 20:48:56 GMT Keep-Alive:timeout=5, max=99 Last-Modified:Thu, 18 Mar 2010 20:40:12 GMT Server:Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) PHP/5.3.1 Vary:Accept-Encoding X-Powered-By:PHP/5.3.1 However, Chrome still claims "explicitly non-cacheable".

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• Django Per-site caching using memcached

  - by Paul

  Hi, So I'm using per-site caching on a project and I've observed the following, which is kind of confusing. When I load a flat page in my browser then change it through admin and then do a refresh (within the cache timeout) there is no change in the page--as expected. However when I stat a new session in a different browser and load the page (still within the timeout) the app is hit instead of the cache, with the Isn't the cache key generated from the URL? it seems that the session state is getting in there somewhere, which is causing a cache miss. Any ideas? thanks MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( 'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.middleware.gzip.GZipMiddleware', 'django.middleware.http.ConditionalGetMiddleware', 'django.middleware.doc.XViewMiddleware', 'ittybitty.middleware.IttyBittyURLMiddleware', 'django.contrib.flatpages.middleware.FlatpageFallbackMiddleware', 'maintenancemode.middleware.MaintenanceModeMiddleware', 'djangodblog.middleware.DBLogMiddleware', 'SSL.middleware.SSLRedirect', #SSL middleware to handle SSL 'django.middleware.cache.FetchFromCacheMiddleware', )

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• Can I get Raid disk status by using PS?

  - by David.Chu.ca

  I have a HP server with Raid 5. Port 0 and 1 are used for data & OS mirroring. The software come with the Raid 5 is Intel Matrix Storage Manager and there is manager console as windows based api to view all the ports, including their status. Now they are all in Normal status. I am not sure if the OS/Windows has some APIs or .Net classes to access raid ports and get their status? If so, how can I use PS to get the information? Do I have to reference to the dlls provided by the Intel Matrix Storage Manager if not? Basically, I would like to write a PS script to get read status. In case any of port disk is not normal, a message will be sent out by growl protocol.

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• Fragment caching

  - by red5

  I would like to fragment cache part of a page. On the view I have <% cache("saved_area") do %> . <% end -%> In the controller: def index read_fragment("saved_area") end In config/production: config.cache_store = :file_store, File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'tmp', 'cache') The file was created in the tmp/cache directory. But I am not sure if the cache is being used in the request, since I presume there should be a line in the log stating that the cache is being used (and there is not).

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• how to config grails1.2 with oscache?

  - by wavelet

  I do this : DataSource.groovy: hibernate { cache.use_second_level_cache=true cache.use_query_cache=true cache.provider_class='com.opensymphony.oscache.hibernate.OSCacheProvider' } and in BuildConfig.groovy: inherits( "global" ) { // uncomment to disable ehcache excludes 'ehcache' } runtime ("opensymphony:oscache:2.4.1") { excludes 'jms', 'commons-logging', 'servlet-api' } but i only get this error : commons.DefaultGrailsApplication The class [com.ai.scenter.service.reschange.ResourceChangeAdapter] was not found when attempting to load Grails application. Skipping. commons.DefaultGrailsApplication The class [com.ai.scenter.service.reschange.ResourceChangeService] was not found when attempting to load Grails application. Skipping. hibernate.ConfigurableLocalSessionFactoryBean There was an error configuring the Hibernate second level cache: could not instantiate CacheProvider [com.opensymphony.oscache.hibernate.OSCacheProvide] hibernate.ConfigurableLocalSessionFactoryBean This is normally due to one of two reasons. Either you have incorrectly specified the cache provider class name in [DataSource.groovy] or you do not have the cache provider on your classpath (eg. runtime ("net.sf.ehcache:ehcache:1.6.1")) how can i do it?

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• Java memory mapped files and swap

  - by MarkS

  I'm looking at some memory mapped files in Java. Let's say I have a heap size set to 2gb, and I memory map a file that is 50gb - far more than the physical memory on the machine. The OS will cache parts of that 50gb file in the os file cache, the java process will have 2gb of heap space. What I'm curious about is how does the OS decide how much of the 50gb file to cache? For instance, if I have another java process, also with a 2gb heap size, will that 2gb be swapped out to allow the os to cache parts of the memory mapped file? Will parts of the heap space of the first process be swapped out to allow the OS to cache? Is there any way to tell the OS not to swap heap space for OS caching? If the OS doesn't swap out main processes, how does it determine how big its file cache should be?

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• assistance with classifying tests

  - by amateur

  I have a .net c# library that I have created that I am currently creating some unit tests for. I am at present writing unit tests for a cache provider class that I have created. Being new to writing unit tests I have 2 questions These being: My cache provider class is the abstraction layer to my distributed cache - AppFabric. So to test aspects of my cache provider class such as adding to appfabric cache, removing from cache etc involves communicating with appfabric. Therefore the tests to test for such, are they still categorised as unit tests or integration tests? The above methods I am testing due to interacting with appfabric, I would like to time such methods. If they take longer than a specified benchmark, the tests have failed. Again I ask the question, can this performance benchmark test be classifed as a unit test? The way I have my tests set up I want to include all unit tests together, integration tests together etc, therefore I ask these questions that I would appreciate input on.

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• How can I export images from SQL Server to a file on disk?

  - by rball

  I have a User table that has all of their avatars saved in an image field. I'd like to just take that out of the database and store it as a regular file on disk. I looked around and saw some code for textcopy, but that doesn't seem to be on my machine for some reason. Here is the code I wrote up anyway. Anyone know a way to get this done? DECLARE @exec_str varchar (255) SELECT @exec_str = 'textcopy /S (local)\SQLEXPRESS' + --' /U ' + @login + --' /P ' + @password + ' /D thedatabase' + ' /T User'+ ' /C AvatarImage' + ' /F "d:\Avatars\' + User.Name + '.jpg"' + ' /O' FROM [User] WHERE UserID = 2 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @exec_str

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• change Magento to new server, images of existing product do not shown in frontend

  - by forrest gump

  I have moved a Magento website to a new server to optimize speed. All images appear to be replaced by image placeholders. I tried to set permission for media to 777, when I delete cache media folder and refresh, a new cache folder is created automatically, but only with placeholder images inside. I flushed image cache, reindex in magento backend but still no hope. What should I do now? Somethings might be helpful: . It's fine to create new product with images . Flush cache, only placeholders images are created . tried to use magento-cleanup.php, no hope . tried to remove .htaccess in media folder . the images of products are there in the media folder, just not in cache folder. Magento only looks at the cache folder for image :(

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• How to sanely read and dump structs to disk when some fields are pointers?

  - by bp

  Hello, I'm writing a FUSE plugin in C. I'm keeping track of data structures in the filesystem through structs like: typedef struct { block_number_t inode; filename_t filename; //char[SOME_SIZE] some_other_field_t other_field; } fs_directory_table_item_t; Obviously, I have to read (write) these structs from (to) disk at some point. I could treat the struct as a sequence of bytes and do something like this: read(disk_fd, directory_table_item, sizeof(fs_directory_table_item_t)); ...except that cannot possibly work as filename is actually a pointer to the char array. I'd really like to avoid having to write code like: read(disk_df, *directory_table_item.inode, sizeof(block_number_t)); read(disk_df, directory_table_item.filename, sizeof(filename_t)); read(disk_df, *directory_table_item.other_field, sizeof(some_other_field_t)); ...for each struct in the code, because I'd have to replicate code and changes in no less than three different places (definition, reading, writing). Any DRYer but still maintainable ideas?

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• Import module stored in a cStringIO data structure vs. physical disk file

  - by Malcolm

  Is there a way to import a Python module stored in a cStringIO data structure vs. physical disk file? It looks like "imp.load_compiled(name, pathname[, file])" is what I need, but the description of this method (and similar methods) has the following disclaimer: Quote: "The file argument is the byte-compiled code file, open for reading in binary mode, from the beginning. It must currently be a real file object, not a user-defined class emulating a file." [1] I tried using a cStringIO object vs. a real file object, but the help documentation is correct - only a real file object can be used. Any ideas on why these modules would impose such a restriction or is this just an historical artifact? Are there any techniques I can use to avoid this physical file requirement? Thanks, Malcolm [1] http://docs.python.org/library/imp.html#imp.load_module

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• Can you solve my odd Sharepoint CSS cache / customising problem?

  - by Aidan

  I have a weird situation with my sharepoint css. It is deployed as part of a .wsp solution and up until now everything has been fine. The farm it deploys too has a couple of webfront ends and a single apps server and SQL box. The symptom is that if I deploy the solution, then use a webbrowser to view the page it has no styles, and if I access the .css directly I see the first 100 or so bytes of the .css. However if I go into sharepoint designer and look at the file it is looks fine, and if I check it out and publish it (customising the file but not actually changing anything in it) then the website works fine and the css downloads completely. There is some fairly complex caching on the servers Disk based and object caches. as far as I can tell I have cleared these (and an issreset should clear them anyway... shouldn't it?) I have used this tool to clear the blobcache from the whole farm http://blobcachefarmflush.codeplex.com/

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• All things equal what is the fastest way to output data to disk in C++?

  - by user260197

  I am running simulation code that is largely bound by CPU speed. I am not interested in pushing data in/out to a user interface, simply saving it to disk as it is computed. What would be the fastest solution that would reduce overhead? iostreams? printf? I have previously read that printf is faster. Will this depend on my code and is it impossible to get an answer without profiling? Edit: Output data needs to be in text format, whether tab or comma separated. This will require formatting, precision, etc. Running in Windows.

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