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  • How to Get Dictionary<int, string> from Linq to XML Anonymous Object?

    - by DaveDev
    Currently I'm getting a list of HeaderColumns from the following XML snippet: <HeaderColumns> <column performanceId="12" text="Over last month %" /> <column performanceId="13" text="Over last 3 months %" /> <column performanceId="16" text="1 Year %" /> <column performanceId="18" text="3 Years % p.a." /> <column performanceId="20" text="5 Years % p.a." /> <column performanceId="22" text="10 Years % p.a." /> </HeaderColumns> from which I create an object as follows: (admitedly similar to an earlier question!) var performancePanels = new { Panels = (from panel in doc.Elements("PerformancePanel") select new { HeaderColumns = (from column in panel.Elements("HeaderColumns").Elements("column") select new { PerformanceId = (int)column.Attribute("performanceId"), Text = (string)column.Attribute("text") }).ToList(), }).ToList() }; I'd like if HeaderColumns was a Dictionary() so later I extract the values from the anonymous object like follows: Dictionary<int, string> myHeaders = new Dictionary<int, string>(); foreach (var column in performancePanels.Panels[0].HeaderColumns) { myHeaders.Add(column.PerformanceId, column.Text); } I thought I could achieve this with the Linq to XML with something similar to this HeaderColumns = (from column in panel.Elements("HeaderColumns").Elements("column") select new Dictionary<int, string>() { (int)column.Attribute("performanceId"), (string)column.Attribute("text") }).ToDictionary<int,string>(), but this doesn't work because ToDictionary() needs a Func parameter and I don't know what that is / how to implement it, and the code's probably wrong anyway! Could somebody please suggest how I can achieve the result I need? Thanks.

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  • How do you keep application logic separate from UI when UI components have built-in functionality?

    - by Al C
    I know it's important to keep user interface code separated from domain code--the application is easier to understand, maintain, change, and (sometimes) isolate bugs. But here's my mental block ... Delphi comes with components with methods that do what I want, e.g., a RichText Memo component lets me work with rich text. Other components, like TMS's string grid not only do what I want, but I paid extra for the functionality. These features put the R in RAD. It seems illogical to write my own classes to do things somebody else has already done for me. It's reinventing the wheel [ever tried working directly with rich text? :-) ] But if I use the functionality built into components like these, then I will end up with lots of intermingled UI and domain code--I'll have a form with most of my code built into its event handlers. How do you deal with this issue? ... Or, if I want to continue using the code others have already written for me, how would you suggest I deal with the issue?

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  • how to avoid if conditions,

    - by kumar kasimala
    Hi all, can anyone suggest best way to avoid most if conditions? I have below code, I want avoid most of cases if conditions, how to do it ? any solution is great help; if (adjustment.adjustmentAccount.isIncrease) { if (adjustment.increaseVATLine) { if (adjustment.vatItem.isSalesType) { entry2.setDebit(adjustment.total); entry2.setCredit(0d); } else { entry2.setCredit(adjustment.total); entry2.setDebit(0d); } } else { if (adjustment.vatItem.isSalesType) { entry2.setCredit(adjustment.total); entry2.setDebit(0d); } else { entry2.setDebit(adjustment.total); entry2.setCredit(0d); } } } else { if (adjustment.increaseVATLine) { if (adjustment.vatItem.isSalesType) { entry2.setCredit(adjustment.total); entry2.setDebit(0d); } else { entry2.setDebit(adjustment.total); entry2.setCredit(0d); } } else { if (adjustment.vatItem.isSalesType) { entry2.setDebit(adjustment.total); entry2.setCredit(0d); } else { entry2.setCredit(adjustment.total); entry2.setDebit(0d); } }

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  • Creating a Linq->HQL provider

    - by Mike Q
    Hi all, I have a client application that connects to a server. The server uses hibernate for persistence and querying so it has a set of annotated hibernate objects for persistence. The client sends HQL queries to the server and gets responses back. The client has an auto-generated set of objects that match the server hibernate objects for query results and basic persistence. I would like to support using Linq to query as well as Hql as it makes the queries typesafe and quicker to build (no more typos in HQL string queries). I've looked around at the following but I can't see how to get them to fit with what I have. NHibernate's Linq provider - requires using NHibernate ISession and ISessionFactory, which I don't have LinqExtender - requires a lot of annotations on the objects and extending a base type, too invasive What I really want is something that will generate give me a nice easy to process structure to build the HQL queries from. I've read most of a 15 page article written by one of the C# developers on how to create custom providers and it's pretty fraught, mainly because of the complexity of the expression tree. Can anyone suggest an approach for implementing Linq - HQL translation? Perhaps a library that will the cleanup of the expression tree into something more SQL/HQLish. I would like to support select/from/where/group by/order by/joins. Not too worried about subqueries.

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  • Changing middle mouse behavior in Adobe AIR HTML Control?

    - by Qz
    I'm using the Flex 4/Adobe AIR mx:HTML control in a project and I'm trying to figure out how to change the middle mouse behavior. For some reason the control treats middle mouse clicks and drags exactly the same as left mouse clicks and drags, navigating through links and selecting text -- everything. For my project I need to use the middle mouse button for a different function. I've figured out how to hook into the events (although mouseUp and mouseDown for Left/Middle don't work over HTML whitespace, perhaps because of the default behavior). However I can't figure out how to stop the default behavior for middle mouse events. Calling preventDefault() on the HTML control mouse events doesn't work, presumably because the behavior is handled by the HTMLLoader within the HTML control, which I imagine hooks mouse events to the actual HTML content displayed on screen. Unfortunately I can't view the source for HTMLLoader to figure out what's going on, and browsing the properties and events doesn't shed any light on the situation either. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Oh, if anyone can suggest a different embeddable HTML renderer that doesn't have this problem, then that might work too, I'm not too tied to WebKit (although I do need to use AIR)

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  • Doctrine - get the offset of an object in a collection (implementing an infinite scroll)

    - by dan
    I am using Doctrine and trying to implement an infinite scroll on a collection of notes displayed on the user's browser. The application is very dynamic, therefore when the user submits a new note, the note is added to the top of the collection straightaway, besides being sent (and stored) to the server. Which is why I can't use a traditional pagination method, where you just send the page number to the server and the server will figure out the offset and the number of results from that. To give you an example of what I mean, imagine there are 20 notes displayed, then the user adds 2 more notes, therefore there are 22 notes displayed. If I simply requests "page 2", the first 2 items of that page will be the last two items of the page currently displayed to the user. Which is why I am after a more sophisticated method, which is the one I am about to explain. Please consider the following code, which is part of the server code serving an AJAX request for more notes: // $lastNoteDisplayedId is coming from the AJAX request $lastNoteDisplayed = $repository->findBy($lastNoteDisplayedId); $allNotes = $repository->findBy($filter, array('createdAt' => 'desc')); $offset = getLastNoteDisplayedOffset($allNotes, $lastNoteDisplayedId); // retrieve the page to send back so that it can be appended to the listing $notesPerPage = 30 $notes = $repository->findBy( array(), array('createdAt' => 'desc'), $notesPerPage, $offset ); $response = json_encode($notes); return $response; Basically I would need to write the method getLastNoteDisplayedOffset, that given the whole set of notes and one particoular note, it can give me its offset, so that I can use it for the pagination of the previous Doctrine statement. I know probably a possible implementation would be: getLastNoteDisplayedOffset($allNotes, $lastNoteDisplayedId) { $i = 0; foreach ($allNotes as $note) { if ($note->getId() === $lastNoteDisplayedId->getId()) { break; } $i++; } return $i; } I would prefer not to loop through all notes because performance is an important factor. I was wondering if Doctrine has got a method itself or if you can suggest a different approach.

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  • anti-if campaign

    - by Andrew Siemer
    I recently ran against a very interesting site that expresses a very interesting idea - the anti-if campaign. You can see this here at www.antiifcampaign.com. I have to agree that complex nested IF statements are an absolute pain in the rear. I am currently on a project that up until very recently had some crazy nested IFs that scrolled to the right for quite a ways. We cured our issues in two ways - we used Windows Workflow Foundation to address routing (or workflow) concerns. And we are in the process of implementing all of our business rules utilizing ILOG Rules for .NET (recently purchased by IBM!!). This for the most part has cured our nested IF pains...but I find myself wondering how many people cure their pains in the manner that the good folks at the AntiIfCampaign suggest (see an example here) by creating numerous amounts of abstract classes to represent a given scenario that was originally covered by the nested IF. I wonder if another way to address the removal of this complexity might also be in using an IoC container such as StructureMap to move in and out of different bits of functionality. Either way... Question: Given a scenario where I have a nested complex IF or SWITCH statement that is used to evaluate a given type of thing (say evaluating an Enum) to determine how I want to handle the processing of that thing by enum type - what are some ways to do the same form of processing without using the IF or SWITCH hierarchical structure? public enum WidgetTypes { Type1, Type2, Type3, Type4 } ... WidgetTypes _myType = WidgetTypes.Type1; ... switch(_myType) { case WidgetTypes.Type1: //do something break; case WidgetTypes.Type2: //do something break; //etc... }

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  • Google MapView doesn't work after signed the app.

    - by user164589
    Hi guys, I am facing to android application signing problem. My application contains Google MapView. When I compile the app and run on the emulator, MapView works fine. But signed the app, MapView doesn't work. I've get Google Map API. This works on the simulator. I could sign the app once 2 months ago. Then I've upgraded the app. Now I need to sign the app again. Actually I don't know why signed app's mapView doesn't work. How to fix it ? Please advice. I used following steps when sign the app: Run Eclipse. Select the project. Right Click - Android Tools - Export Signed Application Package - Then Filled forms. (In forms, Validity years: 200, and all passwords are same.) Can you suggest me ? Thanks in advance.

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  • Which web framework or technologies would suit me?

    - by Suraj Chandran
    Hi, I had been working on desktop apps and server side(non web) for some time and now I am diving in to web first time. I plan to write a scalable enterprise level app. I have worked with Java, Javascript, Jquery etc. but I absolutely hate jsp. So is there any framework that focuses on developing enterprise level web apps without jsp. I liked Wicket's approach, but I think there is a little lack of support of dynamic html in it and jquery(yes i looked at wiquery). Also I feel making wicket apps scalable would take some sweat. Can Spring MVC, Struts2 etc. help me make with this with just using say Java, JavaScript, and JQuery. Or are there any other options for me like Wicket. Please do forgive if anything above looks insane, I am still working on my understanding with enterprise web apps. NOTE: If you think that I should take a different direction or approach, please do suggest!

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  • Name for method that takes a string value and returns DBNull.Value || string

    - by David Murdoch
    I got tired of writing the following code: /* Commenting out irrelevant parts public string MiddleName; public void Save(){ SqlCommand = new SqlCommand(); // blah blah...boring INSERT statement with params etc go here. */ if(MiddleName==null){ myCmd.Parameters.Add("@MiddleName", DBNull.Value); } else{ myCmd.Parameters.Add("@MiddleName", MiddleName); } /* // more boring code to save to DB. }*/ So, I wrote this: public static object DBNullValueorStringIfNotNull(string value) { object o; if (value == null) { o = DBNull.Value; } else { o = value; } return o; } // which would be called like: myCmd.Parameters.Add("@MiddleName", DBNullValueorStringIfNotNull(MiddleName)); If this is a good way to go about doing this then what would you suggest as the method name? DBNullValueorStringIfNotNull is a bit verbose and confusing. I'm also open to ways to alleviate this problem entirely. I'd LOVE to do this: myCmd.Parameters.Add("@MiddleName", MiddleName==null ? DBNull.Value : MiddleName); but that won't work. I've got C# 3.5 and SQL Server 2005 at my disposal if it matters.

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  • Multi-reader IPC solution?

    - by gct
    I'm working on a framework in C++ (just for fun for now), that lets the user write plugins that use a standard API to stream data between each other. There's going to be three basic transport mechanisms for the data: files, sockets, and some kind of IPC piping system. The system is set up so that for the non-file transport, each stream can have multiple readers. IE once a server socket it setup, multiple computers can connect and stream the data. I'm a little stuck at the multi-reader IPC system though. All my plugins run in threads so they live in the same address space, so some kind of shared memory system would work fine, I was thinking I'd write my own circular buffer with a write pointer and read pointers chassing it around the buffer, but I have my doubts that I can achieve the same performance as something like linux pipes. I'm curious what people would suggest for a multi-reader solution to something like this? Is the overhead for pipes or domain sockets low enough that I could just open a connection to each reader and issue separate writes to each reader? This is intended to be significant volumes of data (tens of mega-samples/sec), so performance is a must.

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  • how to return an error in an Ajax scenario from ASP.NET MVC action

    - by mohang
    I am using ASP.NET MVC with jquery. I have the following MVC Action that returns a partial page on Success. On Application Error, I am not sure what to send it for correctly handling it at the client side. public ActionResult LoadFilterSet(int filterSetId) { try { BreadCrumbManager bcManager = this.ResetBreadCrumbManager(this.BreadCrumbManagerID); GeneralHelper.LoadBreadCrumbManager(bcManager, filterSetId); ViewData["BreadCrumbManager"] = bcManager; return View("LoadFilterSet"); } catch (Exception ex) { return Content(""); } } Following is my jquery ajax call. Notice that I am checking for the data length to make sure there are no errors. Please suggest me a better way of doing this. $.ajax({ type: "GET", dataType: "html", async: true, data: ({ filterSetId: selectedId }), url: link, contentType: "text/html; charset=utf-8", success: function(data, textStatus) { if (data.length > 0) { // Clear the local filters first. clearLocalFilters(); $('td.selected-filters table.filters-display').append(data); } } });

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  • Ruby syntax error: unexpected $end, expecting keyword_end

    - by user2839246
    I am supposed to: Capitalize the first letter of string. Capitalize every word except articles (the, a, an), conjunctions (and), and prepositions (in). Capitalize i (as in "I am male."). Specify the first word of a string (I actually have no idea what this means. I'm trying to run the spec file to test other functions). Here's my code: class Book def initialize(string) title(string) end def title(string) arts_conjs_preps = %w{ a an the and but or nor for yet so although because since unless despite in to } array = string.downcase.split array.each do |word| if (word == array[0] || word == "i") then word = word.capitalize if arts_conjs_preps !include?(word) then word = word.capitalize end puts array.join(' ') end end puts Book.new("inferno") Ruby says I'm messing up at: puts Book.new("inferno") <--(right after the last line of code) I get exactly the same error message with this test code: def title(string) array = string.downcase.split array.each do |word| if word == array[0] then word = word.capitalize end array.join(' ') end puts title("dante's inferno") The only other Stack Overflow thread regarding this particular syntax error that did not suggest trailing or missing ends or .s as the root of the problem is here. The last comment recommends deleting and recreating the gemset, Which sounds scary. And I'm not sure how to do. Any thoughts? Simple solution? Resources to help? Solution class Book def initialize(string) title(string) end def title(string) arts_conjs_preps = %w{ a an the and but or nor for yet so although because since unless despite of in to } array = string.downcase.split title = array.map do |word| if (word == array[0] || word == "i") || !arts_conjs_preps.include?(word) word = word.capitalize else word end end puts title.join(' ') end end Book.new("dante's the inferno")

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  • Type casting in C++ by detecting the current 'this' object type

    - by Elroy
    My question is related to RTTI in C++ where I'm trying to check if an object belongs to the type hierarchy of another object. The BelongsTo() method checks this. I tried using typeid, but it throws an error and I'm not sure about any other way how I can find the target type to convert to at runtime. #include <iostream> #include <typeinfo> class X { public: // Checks if the input type belongs to the type heirarchy of input object type bool BelongsTo(X* p_a) { // I'm trying to check if the current (this) type belongs to the same type // hierarchy as the input type return dynamic_cast<typeid(*p_a)*>(this) != NULL; // error C2059: syntax error 'typeid' } }; class A : public X { }; class B : public A { }; class C : public A { }; int main() { X* a = new A(); X* b = new B(); X* c = new C(); bool test1 = b->BelongsTo(a); // should return true bool test2 = b->BelongsTo(c); // should return false bool test3 = c->BelongsTo(a); // should return true } Making the method virtual and letting derived classes do it seems like a bad idea as I have a lot of classes in the same type hierarchy. Or does anybody know of any other/better way to the do the same thing? Please suggest.

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  • ignoring elements order in xml validation against xsd

    - by segolas
    Hi, Ia processing an email and saving some header inside a xml document. I also need to validate the document against a xml schema. As the subject suggest, I need to validate ignoring the elements order but, as far as I read this seems to be impossible. Am I correct? If I put the headers in a<xsd:sequence>, the order obviously matter. If I us the order is ignored but for some strange reason this imply that the elements must occur at least once. My xml is something like this: <headers> <subject>bla bla bla</subject> <recipient>[email protected]</recipient> <recipient>rcp02domain.com</recipient> <recipient>[email protected]</recipient> </headers> but I think the final document is valid even if subject and recipient elements are swapped. There is really nothing to do?

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  • How do I create a simple Windows form to access a SQL Server database?

    - by NoCatharsis
    I believe this is a very novice question, and if I'm using the wrong forum to ask, please advise. I have a basic understanding of databasing with MS SQL Server, and programming with C++ and C#. I'm trying to teach myself more by setting up my own database with MS SQL Server Express 2008 R2 and accessing it via Windows forms created in C# Express 2010. At this point, I just want to keep it to free or Express dev tools (not necessarily Microsoft though). Anyway, I created a database using the instructions provided here and I set the data types appropriately for each column (no errors in setup at least). Now I'm designing the GUI in C# Express but I've kind of hit a wall as far as the database connection. Is there a simple way to access the database I created locally using C# Express? Can anyone suggest a guide that has all this spelled out already? I am a self-learner so I look forward to teaching myself how to use these applications, but any pointers to start me off in the right direction would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Pushing a vector into an vector

    - by Sunil
    I have a 2d vector typedef vector <double> record_t; typedef vector <record_t> data_t; data_t data; So my 2d vector is data here. It has elements like say, 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 Now I want to insert these elements into another 2d vector std::vector< vector<double> > window; So what I did was to create an iterator for traversing through the rows of data and pushing it into windowlike std::vector< std::vector<double> >::iterator data_it; for (data_it = data.begin() ; data_it != data.end() ; ++data_it) window.push_back ( *data_it ); Can anybody tell me where I'm wrong or suggest a way to do this ? Thanks

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  • Dynamic editor upload into web page. Need advice

    - by Andrew Florko
    Hello everybody, I am writing intranet site for tracking employees science activities in organization. There lots of editable information on each personal page (science degree, publications & so on) so I upload editor per request (user clicks "edit" and modal dialog with html editor: set of textboxes/comboboxes/autocomplete features & validation logic appears). Editor is html layout that is wrapped with jquery dialog plugin + some logic, written as javascript functions that should be invoked from the callee page (onsubmit, validate, afterLoad editor events). There are also attributes (editor preferrable with and height) that are passed to callee page also. Currently I send these functions & attribute as ... function onsubmit() { }; function validate() { } var width = 640; var height = 800 ... code that is embedded into the request page. Function calls and editor markup wrap with jquery plugin completed in the callee page. It works, but I have some try { call editor event handler } catch { } stuff in callee page (because not every editor provides these functions) and some attributes (editor width & height for instance) that are loaded as variables declared in javascript. Please, suggest, is there a better approach to build & use custom editors for my situation. Thank you in advance!

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  • Count Occurence of Needle String in Haystack String, most optimally?

    - by Taranfx
    The Problem is simple Find "ABC" in "ABCDSGDABCSAGAABCCCCAAABAABC" Here is the solution I propose, I'm looking for any solutions that might be better than this one. public static void main(String[] args) { String haystack = "ABCDSGDABCSAGAABCCCCAAABAABC"; String needle = "ABC"; char [] needl = needle.toCharArray(); int needleLen = needle.length(); int found=0; char hay[] = haystack.toCharArray(); int index =0; int chMatched =0; for (int i=0; i<hay.length; i++){ if (index >= needleLen || chMatched==0) index=0; System.out.print("\nchar-->"+hay[i] + ", with->"+needl[index]); if(hay[i] == needl[index]){ chMatched++; System.out.println(", matched"); }else { chMatched=0; index=0; if(hay[i] == needl[index]){ chMatched++; System.out.print("\nchar->"+hay[i] + ", with->"+needl[index]); System.out.print(", matched"); }else continue; } if(chMatched == needleLen){ found++; System.out.println("found. Total ->"+found); } index++; } System.out.println("Result Found-->"+found); } It took me a while creating this one. Can someone suggest a better solution (if any) P.S. Drop the sysouts if they look messy to you.

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  • Assign different colors to individual array elements

    - by rk.
    Say I have the array, arr1. I want to print this array (i.e. just display the numbers) but, I want to color the numbers based on their values. If arr1[i]<15, green, if arr1[i]20, red, else orange. Something to this effect. var arr1 = [ 5,10,13,19,21,25,22,18,15,13,11,12,15,20,18,17,16,18,23,25,25,22,18,15,13,11,12,15,20,18]; Here is what I tried doing: for(var i=0; i<arr1.length;i++){ if(arr1[i]<15){ var temp = $(this).css("color","green"); $this.text(temp); } else if(arr1[i]>20){ var temp = $(this).css("color","red"); $this.text(temp); } else { var temp = $(this).css("color","orange"); $this.text(temp); } } I tried changing the css property of individual elements and them adding them to the div, but it did not work for me. Can someone suggest how should I go about doing this?

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  • What Getters and Setters should and shouldn't do.

    - by cyclotis04
    I've run into a lot of differing opinions on Getters and Setters lately, so I figured I should make it into it's own question. A previous question of mine received an immediate comment (later deleted) that stated setters shouldn't have any side effects, and a SetProperty method would be a better choice. Indeed, this seems to be Microsoft's opinion as well. However, their properties often raise events, such as Resized when a form's Width or Height property is set. OwenP also states "you shouldn't let a property throw exceptions, properties shouldn't have side effects, order shouldn't matter, and properties should return relatively quickly." Yet Michael Stum states that exceptions should be thrown while validating data within a setter. If your setter doesn't throw an exception, how could you effectively validate data, as so many of the answers to this question suggest? What about when you need to raise an event, like nearly all of Microsoft's Control's do? Aren't you then at the mercy of whomever subscribed to your event? If their handler performs a massive amount of information, or throws an error itself, what happens to your setter? Finally, what about lazy loading within the getter? This too could violate the previous guidelines. What is acceptable to place in a getter or setter, and what should be kept in only accessor methods?

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  • Problem shrinking with StretchBlt()

    - by SparkyNZ
    Hi. I have some code that paints my own rectangular buttons based on a source bitmap. Most of the time the destination buttons are bigger than my source bitmap image and StretchBlt works fine. However, when the destination is smaller than the source image, StretchBlt refuses to fill the entire destination area. I know StretchBlt isn't great on quality when it comes to scaling down images but I'm not too concerned about that. I just don't want missing pixels. Here a link with the source image at the top and destination at the bottom: link text Note, I am actually shrinking parts of the source image into the destination. I am not shrinking the entire image down. So for example, I copy the corners size for size with BitBlt() then I stretch (squash) the horizontal pixel data between the corners from the source image into the destination DC. There is no fault with my source and destination coordinates. If I change from SRCCOPY to WHITENESS, the entire area fills with white as you'd expect. There is no grey bar where pixels haven't copied as you see in the Broken.bmp image above. Has anyone had this problem before, and if so, can somebody please suggest a solution? Cheers

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  • Improve this generic abstract class

    - by Keivan
    I have the following abstract class design, I was wondering if anyone can suggest any improvements in terms of stronger enforcement of our requirements or simplifying implementing of the ControllerBase. //Dependency Provider base public abstract class ControllerBase<TContract, TType> where TType : TContract, class { public static TContract Instance { get { return ComponentFactory.GetComponent<TContract, TType>(); } } public TContract GetComponent<TContract, TType>() where TType : TContract, class { component = (TType)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(TType), true); RegisterComponentInstance<TContract>(component); } } //Contract public interface IController { void DoThing(); } //Actual Class Logic public class Controller: ControllerBase<IController,Controller> { public void DoThing(); //internal constructor internal Controller(){} } //Usage public static void Main() { Controller.Instance.DoThing(); } The following facts should always be true, TType should always implement TContract (Enforced using a generic constraint) TContract must be an interface (Can't find a way to enforce it) TType shouldn't have public constructor, just an internal one, is there any way to Enforce that using ControllerBase? TType must be an concrete class (Didn't include New() as a generic constrain since the constructors should be marked as Internal)

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  • What algorithms compute directions from point A to point B on a map?

    - by A. Rex
    How do map providers (such as Google or Yahoo! Maps) suggest directions? I mean, they probably have real-world data in some form, certainly including distances but also perhaps things like driving speeds, presence of sidewalks, train schedules, etc. But suppose the data were in a simpler format, say a very large directed graph with edge weights reflecting distances. I want to be able to quickly compute directions from one arbitrary point to another. Sometimes these points will be close together (within one city) while sometimes they will be far apart (cross-country). Graph algorithms like Dijkstra's algorithm will not work because the graph is enormous. Luckily, heuristic algorithms like A* will probably work. However, our data is very structured, and perhaps some kind of tiered approach might work? (For example, store precomputed directions between certain "key" points far apart, as well as some local directions. Then directions for two far-away points will involve local directions to a key points, global directions to another key point, and then local directions again.) What algorithms are actually used in practice? PS. This question was motivated by finding quirks in online mapping directions. Contrary to the triangle inequality, sometimes Google Maps thinks that X-Z takes longer and is farther than using an intermediate point as in X-Y-Z. But maybe their walking directions optimize for another parameter, too? PPS. Here's another violation of the triangle inequality that suggests (to me) that they use some kind of tiered approach: X-Z versus X-Y-Z. The former seems to use prominent Boulevard de Sebastopol even though it's slightly out of the way. (Edit: this example doesn't work anymore, but did at the time of the original post. The one above still works as of early November 2009.)

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  • What file format can I use to output a formatted text file straight from a program without having the markup be too complicated?

    - by Matt
    Premise: I am parsing a file that is quite nearly XML, but not quite. From this file I would like to extract data and output in a file that a user could open up in some program and read. To make the data reasonable, I would almost certainly need to format the text. In case it matters, I will probably be using Java to write the program. Problem: I cannot find a file format that supports formatting without having terribly complex rules and encoding problems. Attempts: I looked into a basic .txt extension first, but it does not have enough formatting advantage. I then tried a .rtf extension, but the rules for outputting text seem to be terribly complicated. It was then suggested that I used XML, but I do not understand how this file would be viewed. This appears to be probably the best solution, but I don't understand much about it. Perhaps somebody could shed some light here. In Other Words: Could somebody suggest and easy to use file format and/or shed some light on how to use XML for text formatting and viewing?

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