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• Union results of two functions in php class

  - by Max

  I have php class(simple example): <?php class test{ public function __construct() { //some code } public function __destruct() { //some code } public function echo1 { //some code return 1; } public function echo2 { //some code return 2; } } How could I return results of this two functions echo1 and echo2 in class in one row don't creating two new objects for each function?

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• Keep getting error class, interface, or enum expected

  - by user1746605

  I can't see the problem with this short class. I get 8 class, interface, or enum expected errors. Thanks public class BankAccount { public BankAccount { private double balance = 0; } public BankAccount(double balanceIn) { private double balance = balanceIn; } public double checkBalance { return balance; } public void deposit(double amount) { if(amount > 0) balance += amount; } public void withdraw(double amount) { if(amount <= balance) balance -= amount; } }

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• Best way to design a class in python

  - by Fraz

  So, this is more like a philosophical question for someone who is trying to understand classes. Most of time, how i use class is actually a very bad way to use it. I think of a lot of functions and after a time just indent the code and makes it a class and replacing few stuff with self.variable if a variable is repeated a lot. (I know its bad practise) But anyways... What i am asking is: class FooBar: def __init__(self,foo,bar): self._foo = foo self._bar = bar self.ans = self.__execute() def __execute(self): return something(self._foo, self._bar) Now there are many ways to do this: class FooBar: def __init__(self,foo): self._foo = foo def execute(self,bar): return something(self._foo, bar) Can you suggest which one is bad and which one is worse? or any other way to do this. This is just a toy example (offcourse). I mean, there is no need to have a class here if there is one function.. but lets say in __execute something() calls a whole set of other methods.. ?? Thanks

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• Make an abstract class or use a processor?

  - by Tim Murphy

  I'm developing a class to compare two directories and run an action when a directory/file in the source directory does not exist in destination directory. Here is a prototype of the class: public abstract class IdenticalDirectories { private DirectoryInfo _sourceDirectory; private DirectoryInfo _destinationDirectory; protected abstract void DirectoryExists(DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory, DirectoryInfo destinationDirectory); protected abstract void DirectoryDoesNotExist(DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory, DirectoryInfo destinationDirectory); protected abstract void FileExists(DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory, DirectoryInfo destinationDirectory); protected abstract void FileDoesNotExist(DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory, DirectoryInfo destinationDirectory); public IdenticalDirectories(DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory, DirectoryInfo destinationDirectory) { ... } public void Run() { foreach (DirectoryInfo sourceSubDirectory in _sourceDirectory.GetDirectories()) { DirectoryInfo destinationSubDirectory = this.GetDestinationDirectoryInfo(subDirectory); if (destinationSubDirectory.Exists()) { this.DirectoryExists(sourceSubDirectory, destinationSubDirectory); } else { this.DirectoryDoesNotExist(sourceSubDirectory, destinationSubDirectory); } foreach (FileInfo sourceFile in sourceSubDirectory.GetFiles()) { FileInfo destinationFile = this.GetDestinationFileInfo(sourceFile); if (destinationFile.Exists()) { this.FileExists(sourceFile, destinationFile); } else { this.FileDoesNotExist(sourceFile, destinationFile); } } } } } The above prototype is an abstract class. I'm wondering if it would be better to make the class non-abstract and have the Run method receiver a processor? eg. public void Run(IIdenticalDirectoriesProcessor processor) { foreach (DirectoryInfo sourceSubDirectory in _sourceDirectory.GetDirectories()) { DirectoryInfo destinationSubDirectory = this.GetDestinationDirectoryInfo(subDirectory); if (destinationSubDirectory.Exists()) { processor.DirectoryExists(sourceSubDirectory, destinationSubDirectory); } else { processor.DirectoryDoesNotExist(sourceSubDirectory, destinationSubDirectory); } foreach (FileInfo sourceFile in sourceSubDirectory.GetFiles()) { FileInfo destinationFile = this.GetDestinationFileInfo(sourceFile); if (destinationFile.Exists()) { processor.FileExists(sourceFile, destinationFile); } else { processor.FileDoesNotExist(sourceFile, destinationFile); } } } } What do you see as the pros and cons of each implementation?

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• How to access constant defined in child class?

  - by kavoir.com

  I saw this example from php.net: <?php class MyClass { const MY_CONST = "yonder"; public function __construct() { $c = get_class( $this ); echo $c::MY_CONST; } } class ChildClass extends MyClass { const MY_CONST = "bar"; } $x = new ChildClass(); // prints 'bar' $y = new MyClass(); // prints 'yonder' ?> But $c::MY_CONST is only recognized in version 5.3.0 or later. The class I'm writing may be distributed a lot. Basically, I have defined a constant in ChildClass and one of the functions in MyClass (father class) needs to use the constant. Any idea?

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• AS3: How to dispatch from the document class?

  - by redconservatory

  I have a pretty good handle on dispatching from classes other than the Document Class, but what happens when I want to dispatch an event from the Document class and have other classes listen to the document class broadcast? It seems like there are several ways to approach this (i.e using a Singleton, using composition, using MovieClip(root)) I was just wondering what people find is the "best practice" way to do this?

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• returning an abstract class from a function

  - by cemregoksu

  Is it possible to return an abstract class(class itself or a reference, doesn't matter) from a function?

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• Setting class properties quickly

  - by uzay95

  class UserClass{ #region Class properties which are binding from DB . . . #endregion #region Constructor Methods public UserClass(int _iUser_id) { // of course this is wrong but how can i quickly set properties // which are coming from DB by extension method over context class? this = DAO.context.GetById<UserClass>(_iUser_id); } #endregion }

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• Can I make a derived class inherit a derived member from its base class in Java?

  - by Eric

  I have code that looks like this: public class A { public void doStuff() { System.out.print("Stuff successfully done"); } } public class B extends A { public void doStuff() { System.out.print("Stuff successfully done, but in a different way"); } public void doMoreStuff() { System.out.print("More advanced stuff successully done"); } } public class AWrapper { public A member; public AWrapper(A member) { this.member = member; } public void doStuffWithMember() { a.doStuff(); } } public class BWrapper extends AWrapper { public B member; public BWrapper(B member) { super(member); //Pointer to member stored in two places: this.member = member; //Not great if one changes, but the other does not } public void doStuffWithMember() { member.doMoreStuff(); } } However, there is a problem with this code. I'm storing a reference to the member in two places, but if one changes and the other does not, there could be trouble. I know that in Java, an inherited method can narrow down its return type (and perhaps arguments, but I'm not certain) to a derived class. Is the same true of fields?

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• Accessing methods of an object put inside a class

  - by Klaus

  Hello, A class A possesses an instance c of a class C. Another class B has to modify c through C::setBlah(); method. Is it bad to create an accessor C getC(); in A and then use A.getC().setBlah() ? Or should I create a method A::setBlah(); that would call C::setBlah(); ? Isn't it annoying if there are several methods like that ?

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• How to access constant defined in child class from parent class functions?

  - by kavoir.com

  I saw this example from php.net: <?php class MyClass { const MY_CONST = "yonder"; public function __construct() { $c = get_class( $this ); echo $c::MY_CONST; } } class ChildClass extends MyClass { const MY_CONST = "bar"; } $x = new ChildClass(); // prints 'bar' $y = new MyClass(); // prints 'yonder' ?> But $c::MY_CONST is only recognized in version 5.3.0 or later. The class I'm writing may be distributed a lot. Basically, I have defined a constant in ChildClass and one of the functions in MyClass (father class) needs to use the constant. Any idea?

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• singledispatch in class, how to dispatch self type

  - by yanxinyou

  Using python3.4. Here I want use singledispatch to dispatch different type in __mul__ method . The code like this : class Vector(object): ## some code not paste @functools.singledispatch def __mul__(self, other): raise NotImplementedError("can't mul these type") @__mul__.register(int) @__mul__.register(object) # Becasue can't use Vector , I have to use object def _(self, other): result = Vector(len(self)) # start with vector of zeros for j in range(len(self)): result[j] = self[j]*other return result @__mul__.register(Vector) # how can I use the self't type @__mul__.register(object) # def _(self, other): pass # need impl As you can see the code , I want support Vector*Vertor , This has Name error Traceback (most recent call last): File "p_algorithms\vector.py", line 6, in <module> class Vector(object): File "p_algorithms\vector.py", line 84, in Vector @__mul__.register(Vector) # how can I use the self't type NameError: name 'Vector' is not defined The question may be How Can I use class Name a Type in the class's method ? I know c++ have font class statement . How python solve my problem ? And it is strange to see result = Vector(len(self)) where the Vector can be used in method body .

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• Class templating std::set key types

  - by TomFLuff

  I have a class to evaluate set algebra but wish to template it. At the minute it looks a bit like this set.h: template<typename T> class SetEvaluation { public: SetEvaluation<T>(); std::set<T> evaluate(std::string in_expression); } set.cpp template<typename T> std::set<T> SetEvaluation<T>::evaluate(std::string expression) { std::set<T> result; etc etc... } But i'm getting undefined reference errors when compiling. Is it possible to declare the return type as std::set<T> and then pass std::string as the class template param. There are no errors in the class but only when I try to instantiate SetEvaluation<std::string> Can anyone shed light on this problem? thanks

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• AS3 - Can I know if a class implements an interface (or is a subclass of another class) ?

  - by lk

  With this code function someFunction(classParam:Class):Boolean { // how to know if classParam implements some interface? } i.e. Comparing classParam with IEventDispatcher interface: someFunction(EventDispatcher) // returns true someFunction(Object) // returns false I know it can't be done with is operator. But, is there a way to do it? Is there a way to know if a class implements some interface? (or is a subclass of another class?)

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• Access property from include inside a class method in PHP

  - by Jojo

  How do you make a class property available to the other included file inside the same class' method? // file A.php class A { private $var = 1; public function go() { include('another.php'); } } in another file: // this is another.php file // how can I access class A->var? echo $var; // this can't be right Is this possible given the scope. If var is an array then we can use extract but if var is not, we can wrap it in an array. Is there a better way? Thanks!

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• Rails: i have a class method and i want to modify something of the instance

  - by Totty

  Rails: i have a class method and i want to modify something of the instance something like this: class Test < Main template :box def test # here I want to access the template name, that is box end end class Main def initialize end def self.template(name) # here I have to save somehow the template name # remember is not an instance. end end that is similar to the model classes: # in the model has_many :projects How do I do it?

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• Can You Have "Empty" Abstract/Classes?

  - by ShrimpCrackers

  Of course you can, I'm just wondering if it's rational to design in such a way. I'm making a breakout clone and was doing some class design. I wanted to use inheritance, even though I don't have to, to apply what I've learned in C++. I was thinking about class design and came up with something like this: GameObject - base class (consists of data members like x and y offsets, and a vector of SDL_Surface* MovableObject : GameObject - abstract class + derived class of GameObject (one method void move() = 0; ) NonMovableObject : GameObject - empty class...no methods or data members other than constructor and destructor(at least for now?). Later I was planning to derive a class from NonMovableObject, like Tileset : NonMovableObject. I was just wondering if "empty" abstract classes or just empty classes are often used...I notice that the way I'm doing this, I'm just creating the class NonMovableObject just for sake of categorization. I know I'm overthinking things just to make a breakout clone, but my focus is less on the game and more on using inheritance and designing some sort of game framework.

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• Is there a name for a mini class that is not a struct?

  - by user1555300

  I have a couple of mini-classes that are not nested classes. They need to be passed around between different larger classes to use. In a way, they act like Tuples, storing fields in them. For example, [Serializable] public class TransformObject { public GameObject GameObj; public tk2dCameraAnchor Anchor; public ManagerTransform MTransform; } I have a few of them for my game I have been developing. They have to be classes, not struct because the Unity3d editor will not show in the inspector if so. I was just wondering if there is a official name for these kind of mini classes.

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• Create inherited class from base class

  - by Raj

  public class Car { private string make; private string model; public Car(string make, string model) { this.make = make; this.model = model; } public virtual void Display() { Console.WriteLine("Make: {0}", make); Console.WriteLine("Model: {0}", model); } public string Make { get{return make;} set{make = value;} } public string Model { get{return model;} set{model = value;} } } public class SuperCar:Car { private Car car; private int horsePower; public SuperCar(Car car) { this.car = car; } public int HorsePower { get{return horsePower;} set{horsepower = value;} } public override void Display() { base.Display(); Console.WriteLine("I am a super car"); } When I do something like Car myCar = new Car("Porsche", "911"); SuperCar mySupcar = new SuperCar(myCar); mySupcar.Display(); I only get "I am a supercar" but not the properties of my base class. Should I explicitly assign the properties of my base class in the SuperCar constructor? In fact I'm trying Decorator pattern where I want a class to add behaviour to a base class.

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• Python: Class factory using user input as class names

  - by Sano98

  Hi everyone, I want to add class atttributes to a superclass dynamically. Furthermore, I want to create classes that inherit from this superclass dynamically, and the name of those subclasses should depend on user input. There is a superclass "Unit", to which I can add attributes at runtime. This already works. def add_attr (cls, name, value): setattr(cls, name, value) class Unit(object): pass class Archer(Unit): pass myArcher = Archer() add_attr(Unit, 'strength', 5) print "Strenght ofmyarcher: " + str(myArcher.strength) Archer.strength = 2 print "Strenght ofmyarcher: " + str(myArcher.strength) This leads to the desired output: Strenght ofmyarcher: 5 Strenght ofmyarcher: 2 But now I don't want to predefine the subclass Archer, but I'd rather let the user decide how to call this subclass. I've tried something like this: class Meta(type, subclassname): def __new__(cls, subclassname, bases, dct): return type.__new__(cls, subclassname, Unit, dct) factory = Meta() factory.__new__("Soldier") but no luck. I guess I haven't really understood what new does here. What I want as a result here is class Soldier(Unit): pass being created by the factory. And if I call the factory with the argument "Knight", I'd like a class Knight, subclass of Unit, to be created. Any ideas? Many thanks in advance! Bye -Sano

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• A dynamic array of class "landmark", inside another single class "landmarks"

  - by pinnacler

  I'm working on a robot localization simulator and I created a class called "landmark". The end result is going to be a robot that is always centered and always faces the top of the screen. As it turns, the birds eye view map will rotate around the robot. To accomplish this, I'm assuming I can rotate one class and have all elements inside rotate as well. So, the landmark class has properties x,y, label, and radius. This is suppose to simulate a tree location in a forest. To test everything, I need "forest data," and I wrote a script to generate 100 trees in a 100m x 100m area. The script automatically generates values within an acceptable range for x,y, radius. The generated data is stored in an object called tempForest and is 100x3. Ideally, I want to create a class called "landmarks" (plural) that has 100 landmark instances inside. How would I instantiate 100 instances of landmark in one instance of landmarks using that randomly generated data? Ideally, I'd just type treeBeacons = landmarks(); and it would randomly populate 100 (user definable, set in config file) instances with x, y, radius data. I'm not sure how to deal with a dynamic array of class "Landmark", inside another single class "landmarks." Any ideas?

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• Why does a sub-class class of a class have to be static in order to initialize the sub-class in the

  - by Alex

  So, the question is more or less as I wrote. I understand that it's probably not clear at all so I'll give an example. I have class Tree and in it there is the class Node, and the empty constructor of Tree is written: public class RBTree { private RBNode head; public RBTree(RBNode head,RBTree leftT,RBTree rightT){ this.head=head; this.head.leftT.head.father = head; this.head.rightT.head.father = head; } public RBTree(RBNode head){ this(head,new RBTree(),new RBTree()); } public RBTree(){ this(new RBNode(),null,null); } public class RBNode{ private int value; private boolean isBlack; private RBNode father; private RBTree leftT; private RBTree rightT; } } Eclipse gives me the error: "No enclosing instance of type RBTree is available due to some intermediate constructor invocation" for the "new RBTree()" in the empty constructor. However, if I change the RBNode to be a static class, there is no problem. So why is it working when the class is static. BTW, I found an easy solution for the cunstructor: public RBTree(){ this.head = new RBNode(); } So, I have no idea what is the problem in the first piece of code.

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• C# class can not disguise to be another class because GetType method cannot be override

  - by zinking

  there is a statement in the CLR via C# saying in C#, one class cannot disguise to be another, because GetType is virutal and thus it cannot be override but I think in C# we can still hide the parent implementation of GetType. I must missed something if I hide the base GetType implementation then I can disguise my class to be another class, is that correct? The key here is not whether GetType is virutal or not, the question is can we disguise one class to be another in C# Following is the NO.4 answer from the possible duplicate, so My question is more on this. is this kind of disguise possible, if so, how can we say that we can prevent class type disguise in C# ? regardless of the GetType is virtual or not While its true that you cannot override the object.GetType() method, you can use "new" to overload it completely, thereby spoofing another known type. This is interesting, however, I haven't figured out how to create an instance of the "Type" object from scratch, so the example below pretends to be another type. public class NotAString { private string m_RealString = string.Empty; public new Type GetType() { return m_RealString.GetType(); } } After creating an instance of this, (new NotAString()).GetType(), will indeed return the type for a string. share|edit|flag answered Mar 15 at 18:39 Dr Snooze 213 By almost anything that looks at GetType has an instance of object, or at the very least some base type that they control or can reason about. If you already have an instance of the most derived type then there is no need to call GetType on it. The point is as long as someone uses GetType on an object they can be sure it's the system's implementation, not any other custom definition. – Servy Mar 15 at 18:54 add comment

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• Java: Comparing a class with another within that class using a my own .equals

  - by user1670252

  I am making a method .equals replacing the equals method used. It accepts a object. I want it to check if that object equals the class that runs the .equals class. I know I want to compare all the private methods I have to that object. Is there a way to do this without making another private class to get the private variables from the object? How do I do this to compare equality not identity? I am stuck on this. Do i have to use == to compare? Also looking online i see others use recursion. If this is the way i have to do it can you show and explain it to me? so an example i have public boolean equals(Object o) { this is in a class we will call bobtheBuilder (first thing to pop in my head) I want to check if the object o is equal to the class he has private object array and a private int. I assume I want to check if the array and int of this class equal the array and int of the object.

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• static member specialization of templated child class and templated base class

  - by b3nj1

  I'm trying to have a templated class (here C) that inherits from another templated class (here A) and perform static member specialization (of int var here), but I cant get the right syntax to do so (if it's possible #include <iostream> template<typename derived> class A { public: static int var; }; //This one works fine class B :public A<B> { public: B() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; template<> int A<B>::var = 9; //This one doesn't works template<typename type> class C :public A<C<type> > { public: C() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; //template<> template<typename type> int A<C<type> >::a = 10; int main() { B b; C<int> c; return 0; } I put an example that works with a non templated class (here B) and i can get the static member specialization of var, but for C that just doesn't work. Here is what gcc tells me : test.cpp: In constructor ‘C<type>::C()’: test.cpp:29:26: error: ‘var’ was not declared in this scope test.cpp: At global scope: test.cpp:34:18: error: template definition of non-template ‘int A<C<type> >::a’ I'm using gcc version 4.6.3, thanks for any help

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