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• Mission Critical: SQL Server General Configuration

  You know how to set up a SQL Server instance, but it is great to have a list of all the necessary checks and procedures: even better is to have the link to in-depth explanations for every stage by the renowned SQL Server Expert Buck Woody.

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• Game-over! Gaining Physical access to a computer

  Security requires defense in depth. The cleverest intrusion detection system, combined with the best antivirus, won’t help you if a malicious person can gain physical access to your PC or server. A routine job, helping a family member remove a malware infection, brings it home to Wesley just how easy it is to get a command prompt with SYSTEM access on any PC, and inspires him to give a warning about the consequences.

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• What's the point of initializing a variable with the same value twice?

  - by JoeM05

  I was reading Ben Cherry's "JavaScript Module Pattern: In-Depth", and he had some example code that I didn't quite understand. Under the Cross-File Private State heading, there is some example code that has the following: var _private = my._private = my._private || {} This doesn't seem to be different from writing something like this: var _private = my._private || {} What's happening here and how are these two declarations different?

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• SEO Training - Search Engine

  If you are thinking about starting a career in search engine optimization, then the first thing you should learn is what search engines are and how the will work to benefit you. SEO training courses offer an in-depth look at the history of the search engine technology and the internet.

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• Starting a new Open-source project - 2 - CommonEventLog is available.

  - by TATWORTH

  On this project I needed to provide unit tests both in NUnit and MSTest. I will write about this later.Once done, both projects ran without errors being detected. I loaded up the main project as source to CodePlex. (Resharper was very helpful in that it would run both sets of tests - thank you Jet Brains!) Can't code withoutIn-depth C# code analysis with instant errorand warning highlighting and quick-fixes

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• 16 of the Best Free Linux Game Engines (Part 2 of 2)

  <b>LinuxLinks:</b> "Now, let's explore the 8 game engines at hand. For each engine we have compiled its own portal page, providing screenshots of it in action, a full description of the game engine, with an in-depth analysis of the features of the game engine, together with links to relevant resources and reviews."

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• 24 Extra Hot Free Linux Games (Part 2 of 3)

  <b>LinuxLinks:</b> "Now, let's scrutinize the 8 games at hand. For each game we have compiled its own portal page, providing screenshots of the game in action, a full description of the game, with an in-depth analysis of the features of the game, together with links to relevant resources and reviews."

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• Is there a quick and practical (hands on) way to learn another programming language?

  - by Tamsin

  Due to rather strange circumstances, I only have until Monday to learn (at least) the basics of PHP and .NET programming. I'm already fairly competent (though there is a lot of room for improvement) in C++ so I feel I have some of the concepts nailed already, but I need to get into the two languages in a bit more depth in a very short time frame. Unfortunately I won't have time to get any books so will need to exclusively use online resources, I'm more of a 'do-er' so any way to test my skills in a practical way would be a huge bonus :-)

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• Zelda-style top-down RPG. How to store tile and collision data?

  - by Delerat

  I'm looking to build a Zelda: LTTP style top-down RPG. I've read a lot on the subject and am currently going back and forth on a few solutions. I'm using C#, MonoGame, and Tiled. For my tile maps, these are the choices I can see in front of me: Store each tile as its own array. Each one having 3-4 layers, texture/animation, depth, flags, and maybe collision(depending on how I do it). I've read warning about memory issues going this route, and my biggest map will probably be 160x120 tiles. My average map however will be about 40x30. The number of tiles might cut in half if I decide to double my tile size, which is currently 16x16. This is the most appealing approach for me, as I feel like I would know how to save maps, make changes, and separate it into chunks for collision checks. Store the static parts of my tile map in multiple arrays acting as the different layers. Then I would just use entities for anything that wasn't static. All of the other tile data such as collisions, depth, etc., would be stored in their own layers as well I guess? This way just seems messy to me though. Regardless of which one I choose, I'm also unsure how to plan all of that other tile data. I could write a bunch of code that would know which integer represents what tile and it's data, but if I changed a tileset in Tiled and exported it again, all of those integers could potentially change and I'd have to adjust a whole bunch of code. My other issue is about how I could do collision. I want to at least support angled collision that slides you around the corners of objects like LTTP does, if not more oddball shapes as well. So do I: Store collision as a flag for binary collision. Could I get this to support angles? Would it be fine to store collision as an integer and have each number represent a certain angle of collision? Store a list of rectangles or other shapes and do collision that way? Sorry for the large two-part(three-part?) question. I felt like these needed to be asked together as I believe each choice influences the other.

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• Detecting Refresh or Post back in ASP.NET

  This article will first explain the fundamentals of how to solve the above problem and later this article will go in depth of how the source code looks like.

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• 24 Extra Hot Free Linux Games (Part 3 of 3)

  <b>LinuxLinks:</b> "Now, let's scrutinize the 8 games at hand. For each game we have compiled its own portal page, providing screenshots of the game in action, a full description of the game, with an in-depth analysis of the features of the game, together with links to relevant resources and reviews."

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• How to use slider scripts given by websites? [closed]

  - by Payo

  There are many slider scripts and codes being given for free like the parallax sliders. Everything is given - the markup, CSS and JavaScript. As I am not a professional in these fields but do have some coding knowledge, how do I use these tutorials? They are not very explicit in the steps involved in implementing them to a site/blog. Is there any site that gives in-depth detail or if someone would like to help me over here?

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• Dynamic Binding in a Static Language, Part 1

  This article is taken from the book C# in Depth, Second Edition. This segment looks at what it means for code to be dynamic, and the syntax involved in using dynamic typing in C# 4.

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• LiteSpeed enable Access-Control-Allow-Origin (no response header on CORS request)

  - by Joe Coder Guy

  Seriously, I can't find a single page discussing this for litespeed. Using this format in the htaccess "Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin http://aSite.com" (and https) sends the setting in the http response header, but I still get the "XMLHttpRequest cannot load https://aSite.com/aFile.php. Origin aSite.com is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Origin" error when trying to access https from http origin. Also, I receive no response header for https, only that message shows up in Chrome. Is the server still blocking it even though I've sent the proper headers? I read elsewhere that it helps to add these terms Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With Access-Control-Allow-Methods OPTIONS, GET, POST Access-Control-Allow-Headers Content-Type, Depth, User-Agent, X-File-Size, X-Requested-With, If-Modified-Since, X-File-Name, Cache-Control but I don't see these in my headers. Using these, my PHP files aren't even reached (because they register no errors or anything), so it looks like it comes from the server only, but what do I know. Thanks in advance! Update Since no response header, Prashant seems to suggest it's a server issue in his error since it worked on another server. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11953132/no-response-obtained-while-implementing-cors Anyone know how to flip this switch? Headers work now Bad litespeed format. Should look like this. Still being denied though. Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods OPTIONS Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods POST Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers Content-Type Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers Depth Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers User-Agent Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-File-Size Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers If-Modified-Since Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-File-Name Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers Cache-Control

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• apache2 + mod_fastcgi + suexec + php5.2 = unstable on high load...

  - by redguy..pl

  I am hosting several (~30) different sites on one server with apache2+fastcgi+suexec+php5. Sites have different loads and different execution times of their scripts (some of them process request for 5-7 seconds, some <1sek). Sometimes when single site receives very high load (all php instances of this site are created and used) - whole apache server hangs. Apache (worker mpm) creates new processes up to the upper limit. It looks like it is starting to queue ALL new request for EVERY site, not only the one that has high load and quickly achieves process limits... restart of apache solves the problem... config: FastCgiConfig -singleThreshold 1 -multiThreshold 10 -listen-queue-depth 30 -maxProcesses 80 -maxClassProcesses 12 -idle-timeout 30 -pass-header HTTP_AUTHORIZATION -pass-header If-Modified-Since -pass-header If-None-Match (earlier have default -listen-queue-depth = 100, but it didn't change anything...) Any suggestions? Another question - how is implemented this listen queue? is it one queue for whole apache, or unique queue for every defined php apllication (suexec site)? I would like to achieve something like this: when one site receives high load and its queue is full - server bounces next request, but only for this one site.. Other sites should work properly...

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• VNC error: "Could not connect to session bus: Failed to connect to socket"

  - by GJ

  I started a vncserver on display :1 on an ubuntu machine. When I connect to it, I get a grey X window with an error message Could not connect to session bus: Failed to connect to socket. The vnc log is: Xvnc Free Edition 4.1.1 - built Apr 9 2010 15:59:33 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Underlying X server release 40300000, The XFree86 Project, Inc Sun Mar 20 15:33:59 2011 vncext: VNC extension running! vncext: Listening for VNC connections on port 5901 vncext: created VNC server for screen 0 error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! cat: /var/run/gdm/auth-for-link2-eGnVvf/database: No such file or directory gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of DISPLAY=:1.0 environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=this-is-deprecated environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of SESSION_MANAGER=local/dell:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/24880,unix/dell:/tmp/.ICE-unix/24880 environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused Sun Mar 20 15:34:10 2011 Connections: accepted: 0.0.0.0::51620 SConnection: Client needs protocol version 3.8 SConnection: Client requests security type VncAuth(2) VNCSConnST: Server default pixel format depth 16 (16bpp) little-endian rgb565 VNCSConnST: Client pixel format depth 16 (16bpp) little-endian rgb565 gnome-session[24880]: Gtk-CRITICAL: gtk_main_quit: assertion `main_loops != NULL' failed gnome-session[24880]: CRITICAL: dbus_g_proxy_new_for_name: assertion `connection != NULL' failed Any ideas how to fix it?

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• apache2 + mod_fastcgi + suexec + php5.2 = unstable on high load

  I am hosting several (~30) different sites on one server with apache2+fastcgi+suexec+php5. Sites have different loads and different execution times of their scripts (some of them process request for 5-7 seconds, some <1sek). Sometimes when single site receives very high load (all php instances of this site are created and used) - whole apache server hangs. Apache (worker mpm) creates new processes up to the upper limit. It looks like it is starting to queue ALL new request for EVERY site, not only the one that has high load and quickly achieves process limits... restart of apache solves the problem... config: FastCgiConfig -singleThreshold 1 -multiThreshold 10 -listen-queue-depth 30 -maxProcesses 80 -maxClassProcesses 12 -idle-timeout 30 -pass-header HTTP_AUTHORIZATION -pass-header If-Modified-Since -pass-header If-None-Match (earlier have default -listen-queue-depth = 100, but it didn't change anything...) Any suggestions? Another question - how is implemented this listen queue? is it one queue for whole apache, or unique queue for every defined php apllication (suexec site)? I would like to achieve something like this: when one site receives high load and its queue is full - server bounces next request, but only for this one site.. Other sites should work properly...

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• Parallels Plesk returning strange numbers

  - by Jack W-H

  Hi everyone, As a relatively new Server Admin I've become a bit confused by some statistics Parallels Plesk Panel 10.0.1 is returning to me. I have a domain ('subscription') set up, mysite.com. Mysite.com only hosts files, mostly images Its file contents use up about 390MB of disk space Here's a screenshot: this is what Plesk is reporting mysite.com to use: And some more info: Now this is pretty confusing... I thought at first my site might have been hacked and had contents written to disk, but I checked and all is in order, nothing has been hacked into as far as I can tell. So I had a look in the site's CP for some more in-depth statistics, and this is what's returned... Now - sod's law - when I go to check my disk space statistics in more depth via the control panel, this morning it says "The data were not collected yet." - not too sure what that means, but, last night when I checked it was reporting something odd. It said Files were using up 390MB, but 1.80GB or so were being used up by 'Mail Accounts'. This is really strange, as there are no mail accounts set up for the domain. The only hint of 'mail' there is, is the catchall set up to forward *@mysite.com to a separate, ISP-hosted email account. Any ideas anybody? I can post more details if you need it. Sorry to be a bit vague but I'm not sure what else I can post. Thanks, Jack

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• What does this diagnostic output mean?

  - by ChrisF

  I recently had a fault with my broadband connection. It turned out to be a fault with the ISP's or teleco's equipment. My ISP posted this diagnostic, but while I understand it in general, I'd like to to know more about the details. I'm assuming that ATM means Asynchronous Transfer Mode and PPP means Point to Point Protocol. It was this that my router was indicating as the fault. xDSL Status Test Summary Sync Status: Circuit In Sync General Information NTE Status: NTE Power Status: Unknown Bypass Status: Upstream DSL Link Information Downstream DSL Link Information Loop Loss: 9.0 17.0 SNR Margin: 25 15 Errored Seconds: 0 0 HEC Errors: 0 Cell Count: 0 0 Speed: 448 8128 TAM Status: Successfully executed operation Network Test: Sub-Test Results Layer Name Value Status Modem pass Transmitter Power (Upstream) 12.4 dBm Transmitter Power (Downstream) 8.8 dBm Upstream psd -38 dBm/Hz Downstream psd -51 dBm/Hz DSL pass Equipment Vendor Name TSTC Equipment Vendor Id n/a Equipment Vendor Revision n/a Training Time 8 s Num Syncs 1 Upstream bit rate 448 kbps Downstream bit rate 8128 kbps Upstream maximum bit rate 1108 kbps Downstream maximum bit rate 11744 kbps Upstream Attenuation 3.5 dB Downstream Attenuation 0.0 dB Upstream Noise Margin 20.0 dB Downstream Noise Margin 19.0 dB Local CRC Errors 0 Remote CRC Errors 0 Up Data Path interleaved Down Data Path interleaved Standard Used G_DMT INP INP Upstream Symbols n/a INP Upstream Delay 4 ms INP Upstream Depth 4 INP Downstream Symbols n/a INP Downstream Delay 5 ms INP Downstream Depth 32 ATM Reason: No ATM cells received fail Number of cells transmitted 30 Number of cells received 0 number of Near end HEC errors 0 number of Far end HEC errors n/a PPP Reason: No response from peer fail PAP authentication nottested CHAP authentication nottested (I'm not sure that Super User is the best place to ask this, but two people have suggested I ask it here so here I am).

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• Triple monitor setting in Linux with USB-HDMI adapter

  - by Oscar Carballal

  I'm trying to set up a triple monitor desktop at my office using Fedora 17, but it seems impossible, let me explain the setting: Laptop ASUS K53SD with 2 graphic cards, Intel and nVidia (Screen controled by Intel card) 24" Full HD monitor connected to the HDMI output (controlled by Intel card) 23" Full HD monitor connected to an USB-HDMI adapter (via framebuffer in /dev/fb2, apparently) VGA output (not used) controlled by nVidia card First of all, the USB-HDMI adapter works perfectly, it gives me a green screen (which means the communication is OK) and I can make it work if I set up a single monitor setting via framebuffer in Xorg. Here I leave the page where I got the instructions: http://plugable.com/2011/12/23/usb-graphics-and-linux Now I'm trying to set up the the two main monitors (laptop and 24") with the intel driver and the 23" with the framebuffer, but the most succesful configuration I get is the two main monitors working and the third disconnected. Do you have any idea what can I do to make this work? Here I leave my xRandr output and my Xorg conf: -> xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 3286 x 1080, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 193mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI1 connected 1920x1080+1366+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 531mm x 299mm 1920x1080 60.0*+ 50.0 25.0 30.0 1680x1050 59.9 1680x945 60.0 1400x1050 74.9 59.9 1600x900 60.0 1280x1024 75.0 60.0 1440x900 75.0 59.9 1280x960 60.0 1366x768 60.0 1360x768 60.0 1280x800 74.9 59.9 1152x864 75.0 1280x768 74.9 60.0 1280x720 50.0 60.0 1440x576 25.0 1024x768 75.1 70.1 60.0 1440x480 30.0 1024x576 60.0 832x624 74.6 800x600 72.2 75.0 60.3 56.2 720x576 50.0 848x480 60.0 720x480 59.9 640x480 72.8 75.0 66.7 60.0 59.9 720x400 70.1 DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1920x1080_60.00 60.0 The Xorg file: # Xorg configuration file for using a tri-head display Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "HDMI" 0 0 Screen 1 "USB" RightOf "HDMI" Option "Xinerama" "on" EndSection ########### MONITORS ################ Section "Monitor" Identifier "USB1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Acer 24as" Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "HDMI1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Acer 23SH" Option "DPMS" EndSection ########### DEVICES ################## Section "Device" Identifier "Device 0" Driver "intel" BoardName "GeForce" BusID "PCI:0:02:0" Screen 0 EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "USB Device 0" driver "fbdev" Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb2" Option "ShadowFB" "off" EndSection ############## SCREENS ###################### Section "Screen" Identifier "HDMI" Device "Device 0" Monitor "HDMI1" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "USB" Device "USB Device 0" Monitor "USB1" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection

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• How to log kernel panics without KVM

  - by Spacedust

  My server is crashing and I can't find an answer why. It all started after my datacenter upgrade RAM from 16 GB to 32 GB. I also found such logs in dmesg - they've started to show itself just before the first kernel panic: EXT4-fs error (device md2): ext4_ext_find_extent: bad header/extent in inode #97911179: invalid magic - magic 5f69, entries 28769, max 26988(0), depth 24939(0) EXT4-fs error (device md2): ext4_ext_remove_space: bad header/extent in inode #97911179: invalid magic - magic 5f69, entries 28769, max 26988(0), depth 24939(0) EXT4-fs error (device md2): ext4_mb_generate_buddy: EXT4-fs: group 20974: 8589 blocks in bitmap, 54896 in gd JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = md2, blocknr = 0). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. EXT4-fs error (device md2): ext4_ext_split: inode #97911179: (comm pdflush) eh_entries 28769 != eh_max 26988! EXT4-fs (md2): delayed block allocation failed for inode 97911179 at logical offset 1039 with max blocks 1 with error -5 This should not happen!! Data will be lost EXT4-fs error (device md2): ext4_mb_generate_buddy: EXT4-fs: group 21731: 5 blocks in bitmap, 60762 in gd JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = md2, blocknr = 0). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. My system is CentOS 5.8 64-bit with latest kernel 2.6.18-308.20.1.el5. How can I check what is the reason of kernel panic without having an access to the KVM ? I have told my datacenter admins to check the memory in the server.

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• How to Set Up an SMTP Submission Server on Linux

  - by Kevin Cox

  I was trying to set up a mail server with no luck. I want it to accept mail from authenticated users only and deliver them. I want the users to be able to connect over the internet. Ideally the mail server wouldn't accept any incoming mail. Essentially I want it to accept messages on a receiving port and transfer them to the intended recipient out port 25. If anyone has some good links and guides that would be awesome. I am quite familiar with linux but have never played around with MTA's and am currently running debian 6. More Specific Problem! Sorry, that was general and postfix is complex. I am having trouble enabling the submission port with encryption and authentication. What Works: Sending mail from the local machine. (sendmail [email protected]). Ports are open. (25 and 587) Connecting to 587 appears to work, I get a "need to starttls" warning and starttls appears to work. But when I try to connect with the next command I get the error below. # openssl s_client -connect localhost:587 -starttls smtp CONNECTED(00000003) depth=0 /CN=localhost.localdomain verify error:num=18:self signed certificate verify return:1 depth=0 /CN=localhost.localdomain verify return:1 --- Certificate chain 0 s:/CN=localhost.localdomain i:/CN=localhost.localdomain --- Server certificate -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIICvDCCAaQCCQCYHnCzLRUoMTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADAgMR4wHAYDVQQDExVs b2NhbGhvc3QubG9jYWxkb21haW4wHhcNMTIwMjE3MTMxOTA1WhcNMjIwMjE0MTMx OTA1WjAgMR4wHAYDVQQDExVsb2NhbGhvc3QubG9jYWxkb21haW4wggEiMA0GCSqG SIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDEFA/S6VhJihP6OGYrhEtL+SchWxPZGbgb VkgNJ6xK2dhR7hZXKcDtNddL3uf1YYWF76efS5oJPPjLb33NbHBb9imuD8PoynXN isz1oQEbzPE/07VC4srbsNIN92lldbRruDfjDrAbC/H+FBSUA2ImHvzc3xhIjdsb AbHasG1XBm8SkYULVedaD7I7YbnloCx0sTQgCM0Vjx29TXxPrpkcl6usjcQfZHqY ozg8X48Xm7F9CDip35Q+WwfZ6AcEkq9rJUOoZWrLWVcKusuYPCtUb6MdsZEH13IQ rA0+x8fUI3S0fW5xWWG0b4c5IxuM+eXz05DvB7mLyd+2+RwDAx2LAgMBAAEwDQYJ KoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAAj1ib4lX28FhYdWv/RsHoGGFqf933SDipffBPM6Wlr0 jUn7wler7ilP65WVlTxDW+8PhdBmOrLUr0DO470AAS5uUOjdsPgGO+7VE/4/BN+/ naXVDzIcwyaiLbODIdG2s363V7gzibIuKUqOJ7oRLkwtxubt4D0CQN/7GNFY8cL2 in6FrYGDMNY+ve1tqPkukqQnes3DCeEo0+2KMGuwaJRQK3Es9WHotyrjrecPY170 dhDiLz4XaHU7xZwArAhMq/fay87liHvXR860tWq30oSb5DHQf4EloCQK4eJZQtFT B3xUDu7eFuCeXxjm4294YIPoWl5pbrP9vzLYAH+8ufE= -----END CERTIFICATE----- subject=/CN=localhost.localdomain issuer=/CN=localhost.localdomain --- No client certificate CA names sent --- SSL handshake has read 1605 bytes and written 354 bytes --- New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA Server public key is 2048 bit Secure Renegotiation IS supported Compression: NONE Expansion: NONE SSL-Session: Protocol : TLSv1 Cipher : DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA Session-ID: E07926641A5EF22B15EB1D0E03FFF75588AB6464702CF4DC2166FFDAC1CA73E2 Session-ID-ctx: Master-Key: 454E8D5D40380DB3A73336775D6911B3DA289E4A1C9587DDC168EC09C2C3457CB30321E44CAD6AE65A66BAE9F33959A9 Key-Arg : None Start Time: 1349059796 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 18 (self signed certificate) --- 250 DSN read:errno=0 If I try to connect from evolution I get the following error: The reported error was "HELO command failed: TCP connection reset by peer".

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• Redirecting or routing all traffic to OpenVPN on a Mac OS X client

  - by sdr56p

  I have configured an OpenVPN (2.2.1) server on an Ubuntu virtual machine in the Amazon elastic compute cloud. The server is up and running. I have installed OpenVPN (2.2.1) on a Mac OS X (10.8.2) client and I am using the openvpn2 binary to connect (in opposition to other clients like Tunnelblick or Viscosity). I can connect with the client and successfully ping or ssh the server through the tunnel. However, I can't redirect all internet traffic through the VPN even if I use the push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" option in the server.conf configurations. When I connect to the server with these configurations, I get a successful connection, but then an infinite series of error messages: "write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65)". Traffic routing seems to be compromised because I am not able to access anything anymore, not even the OpenVPN server (by pinging 10.8.0.1 for instance). This is beyond me. I am finding little help on the web and don't know what to try next. I don't think it is a problem of forwarding the traffic on the server since, first, I have also took care of that and, second, I can't even ping the VPN server locally through the tunnel (or ping anything at all for that matter). Thank you for your help. Here is the server.conf. file: port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca ca.crt cert ec2-server.crt key ec2-server.key # This file should be kept secret dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 And the client.conf file: client dev tun proto udp remote servername.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert Toto5.crt key Toto5.key ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 Here is the connection log with the error messages: $ sudo openvpn2 --config client.conf Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-apple-darwin12.2.0 [SSL] [LZO2] [eurephia] built on Mar 4 2013 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 LZO compression initialized Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Socket Buffers: R=[196724->65536] S=[9216->65536] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 UDPv4 link remote: 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 TLS: Initial packet from 54.234.43.171:1194, sid=ffbaf343 d0c1a266 Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER Wed Mar 13 22:58:22 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Mar 13 22:58:23 2013 [ec2-server] Peer Connection Initiated with 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 SENT CONTROL [ec2-server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5' Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 ROUTE default_gateway=0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 TUN/TAP device /dev/tun0 opened Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 delete ifconfig: ioctl (SIOCDIFADDR): Can't assign requested address Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 NOTE: Tried to delete pre-existing tun/tap instance -- No Problem if failure Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.255 up Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 add net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:58:25 2013 Initialization Sequence Completed ^CWed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 event_wait : Interrupted system call (code=4) Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 TCP/UDP: Closing socket Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 /sbin/route delete -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 delete net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 Closing TUN/TAP interface Wed Mar 13 22:58:30 2013 SIGINT[hard,] received, process exiting toto5:ttntec2 Dominic$ sudo openvpn2 --config client.conf --remote ec2-54-234-43-171.compute-1.amazonaws.com Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-apple-darwin12.2.0 [SSL] [LZO2] [eurephia] built on Mar 4 2013 Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 LZO compression initialized Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Socket Buffers: R=[196724->65536] S=[9216->65536] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 UDPv4 link remote: 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:58:57 2013 TLS: Initial packet from 54.234.43.171:1194, sid=a0d75468 ec26de14 Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funst ... ost.domain Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Mar 13 22:58:58 2013 [ec2-server] Peer Connection Initiated with 54.234.43.171:1194 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 SENT CONTROL [ec2-server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5' Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 ROUTE default_gateway=0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 TUN/TAP device /dev/tun0 opened Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 delete ifconfig: ioctl (SIOCDIFADDR): Can't assign requested address Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 NOTE: Tried to delete pre-existing tun/tap instance -- No Problem if failure Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.255 up Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 54.234.43.171 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 add net 54.234.43.171: gateway 0.0.0.0 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 128.0.0.0 add net 0.0.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 128.0.0.0 add net 128.0.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.0 add net 10.8.0.0: gateway 10.8.0.5 Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 Initialization Sequence Completed Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:00 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:01 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) Wed Mar 13 22:59:02 2013 write UDPv4: No route to host (code=65) ... The routing table after a connection WITHOUT the push redirect-gateway (all traffic is not redirected to the VPN and everything is working fine, I can ping or ssh the OpenVPN server and access all other Internet resources through my default gateway): Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire default user148-1.wireless UGSc 50 0 en1 10.8/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 2 7 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UH 3 2 tun0 127 localhost UCS 0 0 lo0 localhost localhost UH 6 6692 lo0 client.openvpn.net client.openvpn.net UH 3 18 lo0 142.1.148/22 link#5 UCS 2 0 en1 user148-1.wireless 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLWIir 50 0 en1 76 user150-173.wirele localhost UHS 0 0 lo0 142.1.151.255 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff UHLWbI 0 2 en1 169.254 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 169.254.255.255 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLSWi 0 0 en1 71 The routing table after a connection with the push redirect-gateway option enable as in the server.conf file above (all internet traffic should be redirected to the VPN tunnel, but nothing is working, I can't access any Internet ressources at all): Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire 0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 1 0 tun0 default user148-1.wireless UGSc 7 0 en1 10.8/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UHr 6 0 tun0 54.234.43.171/32 0.0.0.0 UGSc 1 0 en1 127 localhost UCS 0 0 lo0 localhost localhost UH 3 6698 lo0 client.openvpn.net client.openvpn.net UH 0 27 lo0 128.0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 2 0 tun0 142.1.148/22 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 user148-1.wireless 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLWIir 1 0 en1 833 user150-173.wirele localhost UHS 0 0 lo0 169.254 link#5 UCS 1 0 en1 169.254.255.255 0:90:b:27:10:71 UHLSW 0 0 en1

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• IIS 7: One Page Works, All Others Fail With "Error code: ssl_error_rx_record_too_long"

  - by Michael

  On my local machine, I have a second site bound to Port 81. Within that site is a certain page which I can browse from other machines with no problems, but all other pages fail with "Error code: ssl_error_rx_record_too_long". Each of the failing pages (as well as the lone working page), works with localhost. So, from any machine, local or remote: http://cmwmach01.mydomain.biz:81/RD/SS/SS.aspx (works) http://cmwmach01:81/RD/SS/SS.aspx (works) http://cmwmach01.mydomain.biz:81/RD/POV/SC.aspx (fails - gets changed to https) http://cmwmach01:81/RD/POV/SC.aspx (fails - gets changed to https) Everything works with localhost (locally, of course). I've tagged this question with SSL because, at one point, it would warn about an SSL cert issue (maybe this was self-signed at one point?), but now it doesn't. While there may be an issue around that, I don't see how this could cause the issue I am seeing (but, as I mention below, am I way out of my depth here). I am way out of depth here in trying to figure out why that one page works (or the others don't), so that I can make them all work. Any ideas?

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• Hungry hungry BIOS: why do I have less than 4 GiB of memory?

  - by Rhymoid

  I thought I had 4 GiB of memory, but just to be sure, let's ask the BIOS about that: ?: sudo dmidecode --type 20 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.6 present. Handle 0x000B, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000A Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Handle 0x000D, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00080000000 Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000C Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Alright, 4 GiB it is. But I can't use all of it: ?: cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 1 MemTotal: 3913452 kB Somehow, somewhere, I lost 274 MiB. Where did 6% of my memory go? Now I know the address ranges in DMI are incorrect, because the ACPI memory map reports usable ranges well beyond the ending address of the second memory module: ?: dmesg | grep -E "BIOS-e820: .* usable" [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000dee7bfff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000117ffffff] usable I get pretty much the same info from /proc/iomem (except for the 4 kiB hole 0x000-0xFFF), which also shows that the kernel only accounts for less than 8 MiB. I guess 0x00000000-0x7FFFFFFF is indeed mapped to the first memory module, and 0x80000000-0xDFFFFFFF to part of the second memory module (a bunch of ACPI NVS things live between 0xDEE7C000 and 0xDEF30FFF, and the remaining 16-something MiB of that range are just 'reserved'). I guess the highest 0x18000000 bytes of the second memory module are mapped above the 4 GiB mark. But even then, there are two problems: 128 MiB (0x08000000 bytes, living somewhere between 0xE0000000 and 0xFFFFFFFF) are still completely unaccounted for. To note, my graphics card is on PCI-Express and (allegedly) has 1 GiB dedicated memory, so that shouldn't be the culprit. Did the BIOS screw up in moving the memory, leaving it partially shadowed by MMIO? Even with this mediocre explanation, I only 'found' 128 MiB. But /proc/meminfo is reporting a much larger deficit; where's the other 146 MiB? How does Linux count MemTotal?

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