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  • linux Firewall question

    - by bcrawl
    I have few generic questions about firewalls and I thought the community up here could help me out. 1) So I recently installed Ubuntu server barebones. I checked for open ports, none were open which was great. Is that because there was a firewall installed or was it because there were no applications installed? 2) I installed some applications, (Apache, postgres,ssh, Java app and some few). Between these, I ended up opening a few ports (~10). Now I have a list of all the ports I would need open. So, how do I go about protecting them? [Is this the right question to ask? does the process go like this, Install Firewall - Allow Said needed ports - deny rest using IPtables rules] This is going to be open to the internet. Hosting low traffic ecommerce sites. 3) What do you think is the easiest way for me to quasi-secure the server, [low maintenance overhead/simplicity. Any open source "software" which can make my life easier?] 4) Finally, of the said open ports [2], I have 2 ports I need to close because they are telnet ports. Can I close these ports without installing a "firewall" Thanks all for the help and Merry Christmas!!!!!!!

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  • Binding to LDAPS using PHP failing

    - by Sean
    We've finally set-up our server to accept ldap SSL connections thanks to another question answered by a helpful member. Our problem now is that when attempting to bind to ldap using the below simple PHP script, we constantly fail. Binding using ldap instead of ldaps works just fine using the script so I know the ldap is enabled. The catcher is that while using LDP.exe, we can successfully connect and bind to ldap on port 636 using a secure connection. The script we are failing with is below: <?php $ldap = ldap_connect("ldaps://localhost"); $username="user"; $password="pass"; if($bind = ldap_bind($ldap, $username,$password )) echo "logged in"; else echo "fail"; echo "<br/>done"; ?> We've also attempted inputting the username as "user@domain" or "domain/user" with no success. It seems I'm forever having LDAP/Cert questions. Our environment is Server 2008.

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  • Hyper-V Virtual Machine won't respond over network

    - by Brad Gignac
    Recently, one of our Hyper-V virtual machines has periodically stopped responding over the network. It seems to be happening every few days, and it occasionally happens up to several times a day. I am by no means a sysadmin, so any direction you guys could provide would be very welcome. I've included everything I know to include below. If you need any additional information, I'll be glad to include it. I can connect through the Hyper-V console. I can't connect to network shares, IIS web apps, using RDP, or using ping. Memory usage seems to be normal (3 of 4 GB) Processor usage seems low. We don't know the exact time the server goes down, but the following error appears consistently around the time it goes down: Error 5719, NETLOGON This computer was not able to set up as secure session with a domain controller in domain *** due to the following: There are currently no logon servers available to service the logon request. This may lead to authentication problems. Make sure that this computer is connected to the network. If this problem persists, please contact your domain administrator.

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  • IIS 6 getting "Page Not Found" after applying SSL

    - by Dominic Zukiewicz
    I am setting up SSL certificates on a development environment using IIS 6 on W2k3. I have a directory called login with a single page login.asp which I would like only viewable over SSL. So before installing or applying SSL permissions, the page is viewable through a browser. I can browse the page and it redirects etc. and all is good. However Basic Authentication is Base64 encoded so I want to secure the traffic from this page only. I have created a dummy certificate in makecert, installed it and added it to IIS. IIS is happy that it is trusted. I have selected the directory of login and child files to "Require SSL channel". When I refresh my browser on login/login.asp I get a "404: Page Not Found" in IE 8. So 2 issues here The page is now unviewable when using HTTPS. They must manually type the HTTPS (minor inconvenience for now) If I turn off "Require SSL Channel" from IIS, it works again. What part of the process am I missing as I have followed several tutorials on installed SSL certificates, but still come across this barrier.

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  • first time setting up ssl, running into a strange problem, tutorials haven't been too helpful

    - by pedalpete
    This is my first time trying to set-up an ssl for one a site, and I'm running it on a server that has 3 other sites already hosted. I'm running apache2.?? and the install came with an ssl.conf page. The ssl.conf has the following settings LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so Listen 443 AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl <VirtualHost *:443> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/html/securesite ServerName securesite.com ErrorLog logs/securesite-error_log CustomLog logs/securesite-access_log common SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl.crt/securesite.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl.key/server.key SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/httpd/ssl.crt/gd_bundle.crt </VirtualHost> When I run 'apachectl configtest', I don't get any errors, but running 'apachectl -k restart', I get 'httpd not running, trying to start'. I have two questions 1) Is there an error in the way I'm defining my virtualhost for 443?? the rest of my entries point to <VirtualHost *:80. When I comment out the above entry, apache runs fine. 2) do I need to set-up a redirect from port 80 for secure site? Because most users are going to go to http: or www. , and I need to send them to https: does apache do this automatically? or do i need to create an entry with a redirect?

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  • Verify client certificate CN in Tomcat(APR)

    - by Petter
    I'm running a tomcat installation with the APR libraries installed (with the OpenSSL HTTPS stack that comes with it). What I'm trying to do is to lock a specific HTTPS connector down to users of a specific certificate. Adding client certificate verification is no issue, but I can't get it to validate against a specific Common name only. I was perhaps a bit naïve and thought the mod_ssl attribute SSLRequire typically used in Apache Httpd would work, but that property is not recognized by the Tomcat implementation. (http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/http.html#SSL%20Support points to some mod_ssl docs, but the Tomcat implementation does not seem to cover all aspects of mod_ssl). I can get this to work by using the Java version of the connector instead of APR (losing some performance) and just add a trust store with that one certificate in it. However, using openssl without the SSLRequire expressions, I'm not sure how to do this with Tomcat7 (on Windows if that matters). <Connector protocol="HTTP/1.1" port="443" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true" SSLCertificateFile="mycert.pem" SSLCertificateKeyFile="privkey.pem" SSLCACertificateFile="CABundle.pem" SSLVerifyClient="require" SSLProtocol="TLSv1" SSLRequire="(%{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_CN} eq &quot;host.example.com&quot;)"/> Can you suggest a way to make this work using Tomcat/APR/OpenSSL?

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  • Does Guest WiFi on an Access Point make any sense?

    - by uos??
    I have a Belkin WiFi Router which offers a feature of a secondary Guest Access WiFi network. Of course, the idea is that the Guest network doesn't have access to the computers/devices on the main network. I also have a Comcast-issues Cable Modem/Router device with mutliple wired ports, but no WiFi-capabilities. I prefer to only run one router/DHCP/NAT instead of both the Comcast Router and the Belkin Router, so I can disable the Routing functions of the Belkin and allow the Comcast Router to But if I disable the Routing functions of the Belkin device, the Guest WiFi network is still available. Is this configuration just as secure as when the Belkin acts as a Router? I guess the question comes down to this: Do Guest WiFi's provide security by 1) only allowing requests to IPs found in-front of the device, or do they work by 2) disallowing requests to IPs on the same subnet? 1) Would mean that Guest WiFi on an access point provides no benefit 2) Would mean that the Guest WiFi functionality can work even if the device is just an access point. Or maybe something else entirely?

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  • Is there a Windows 7 compatible IPSec VPN client that allows protocol and port specific rules?

    - by Sani Huttunen
    As the title says, I need to find a IPSec VPN client for Windows 7. On XP and Vista we've used SafeNet SoftRemote in which you can set up rules for specific protocols and ports. But SoftRemote isn't compatible with Windows 7. 172.xxx.xxx.1 TCP 1433 172.xxx.xxx.2 TCP 1433 172.xxx.xxx.10 ALL ... Since the VPN gateway is configured this way the client must mirror these settings. I've tried TheGreenBow, NCP Secure Entry, Cisco VPN Client and Shrew Soft VPN but none of these allows you to configure by protocol and port. Does anyone have any other suggestions? EDIT: Forgot to mention that agressive mode is also a requirement. --UPDATE-- I've got some news... I've managed to get SoftRemote to work on Windows 7 x64 through Windows XP Mode. After scouring all corners of the Internet for idéas I had enough information to construct a working solution. This solution will probably benefit other clients as well! You'll find a post here with detailed instructions of how I went about.

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  • SELinux blocking Samba directory listing

    - by Sean M
    I am running Samba on a CentOS server, and I am experiencing a problem where it allows me to connect to the server and see a share, but shows the share as an empty directory. I find this behavior strange. Here is the stanza in my smb.conf for the given share: [seanm] path = /home/seanm writeable = yes valid users = seanm, root read only = No Here's what I see on the server side: [seanm@server ~]$ ls -l -rw-r--r-- 1 seanm seanm 40 Jan 4 13:45 pangram.txt And yet: [seanm@client ~]$ smbclient //server/seanm -U seanm -W WORKGROUP Enter seanm's password: Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.33-3.29.el5_5.1] smb: \> ls . D 0 Fri Jan 7 10:08:55 2011 .. D 0 Fri Jan 7 07:58:31 2011 58994 blocks of size 262144. 50356 blocks available This behavior is present on both a Windows client and a Linux client system. The behavior is present with the firewall on and with the firewall off, so it's not that. Neither /var/log/messages nor /var/log/secure have any complaints about Samba. I doubt that SELinux is a problem: just in case, here are the relevant settings. [root@server ~]# getsebool -a | grep samba samba_domain_controller --> off samba_enable_home_dirs --> on samba_export_all_ro --> off samba_export_all_rw --> off samba_share_fusefs --> off samba_share_nfs --> off use_samba_home_dirs --> on virt_use_samba --> off What am I doing wrong here, and what can I do to fix it? Edit: SELinux probably is the problem, judging by the fact that the issue goes away when I set SELinux to "permissive" or issue setsebool -P samba_export_all_rw on - both of which are unacceptable for production environments. What the heck kind of context does a directory need to have on it for Samba users to actually get files from it? I consider rolling your own rules and/or context to be deeply sub-optimal.

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  • SSL Returning Blank Page, No Catalina Errors

    - by Mr.Peabody
    This is my second, maybe third, time configuring SSL with Tomcat. Earlier I had created a self signed, which worked, and now using my signed is proving fruitless. I am using Tomcat, operating from the Amazon Linux API. When using the signed cert/keystore, my server is starting normally without errors. However, when trying to navigate to the domain it is giving me an "ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH" error. My server.xml file looks as follows: <Connector port="8443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="/home/ec2-user/.keystore/starchild.jks" keystorePass="d6b5385812252f180b961aa3630df504" /> It couldn't hurt to also mention that I'm using a wildcard certificate. Please let me know if anything looks amiss! EDIT: After looking more into this, I've determined there may be nothing is wrong with the Server.xml, or the listening ports. This is becoming more of an actual certificate error, as the curl request is giving me this error: curl: (35) Unknown SSL protocol error in connection to jira.mywebsite.com:-9824 Though, I can't seem to figure out what the "-9824" is. When comparing this curl to another similar setup (using the same Wildcard Certificate) it's turning up the full handshake, which is to be expected. I believe this is now between the protocol/cypher set default on JIRA servers.

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  • 403.4 won't redirect in IE7

    - by Jeremy Morgan
    I have a secured folder that requires SSL. I have set it up in IIS(6) to require SSL. We don't want the visitors to be greeted with the "must be secure connection" error, so I have modified the 403.4 error page to contain the following: function redirectToHttps() { var httpURL = window.location.hostname+window.location.pathname; var httpsURL = "https://" + httpURL ; window.location = httpsURL ; } redirectToHttps(); And this solution works great for every browser, but IE7. On any other browser, if you type in http://www.mysite.com/securedfolder it will automatically redirect you to https://www.mysite.com/securedfolder with no message or anything (the intended action). But in Internet Explorer 7 ONLY it will bring up a page that says The website declined to show this webpage Most Likely Causes: This website requires you to log in This is something we don't want of course. I have verified that javascript is enabled, and the security settings have no effect, even when I set them to the lowest level I get the same error. I'm wondering, has anyone else seen this before?

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  • hosts.deny not blocking ip addresses

    - by Jamie
    I have the following in my /etc/hosts.deny file # # hosts.deny This file describes the names of the hosts which are # *not* allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # # The portmap line is redundant, but it is left to remind you that # the new secure portmap uses hosts.deny and hosts.allow. In particular # you should know that NFS uses portmap! ALL:ALL and this in /etc/hosts.allow # # hosts.allow This file describes the names of the hosts which are # allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # ALL:xx.xx.xx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xxx , xx.x.xxx.xxx , xx.xxx.xxx.xxx but i am still getting lots of these emails: Time: Thu Feb 10 13:39:55 2011 +0000 IP: 202.119.208.220 (CN/China/-) Failures: 5 (sshd) Interval: 300 seconds Blocked: Permanent Block Log entries: Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12566]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12567]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12568]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12571]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:53 ds-103 sshd[12575]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root whats worse is csf is trying to auto block these ip's when the attempt to get in but although it does put ip's in the csf.deny file they do not get blocked either So i am trying to block all ip's with /etc/hosts.deny and allow only the ip's i use with /etc/hosts.allow but so far it doesn't seem to work. right now i'm having to manually block each one with iptables, I would rather it automatically block the hackers in case I was away from a pc or asleep

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  • Help me understand Ubuntu user/group permissions.

    - by Bartek
    I'm beginning to deal with more than one user on my system (it's a VPS serving some sites) and I need to make sure I understand how group permissions work. Here's my setup: I have an account named "admin" .. it's basically the primary account that is used for serving most of the sites that I control myself. Now, I added a second account named "Ville" as one of my users wants to be able to administer that site. So, I can do this the easy way and just chown their domains folder under the ville user and viola, they have permission to do whatever they need be and so forth. However, let's say I want to also give the admin user access to the files (modifying and all) .. how can I put both users into the same group and give them both permission? I've tried doing: sudo usermod -a -G admin ville To add the ville into the admin group, but ville still cannot edit files by admin. Permissions for the primary directory for the ville user are read/write for both owner and group, and the current group for the files is admin:admin .. But ville still can't write into the directory. So, what should I be doing here to get this right and secure at the same time? Thank you.

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  • Different approaches to share files over local network & playlists "collaboration"

    - by exTyn
    I know, that I can use Google to find methods to share files over local network [1]. But, I have never shared files over local network, and I want to do this in a good, professional way. Also, this could be a good community wiki, I think. Well, what I am asking for, is: what are pros and cons of different methods to sharing files ofver local network? In my case, I need to share files between Linux & Win 7, and I want it to be secure (= without access for anyone else but me & people in my room). Another question (connected with above topic) is about playing music over the local network. Let's say, I live with 2 other guys in a room, one of us have speakers and we want to collaborate in creating playlists (e.g. everyone is choosing 3 songs to be played). Is it possible? How to do this? I am asking this question on SuperUser, because it (question) is connected with hardware & software (network, connecting computers, software for managing playlists in network etc.). I think it is most accurate place for such question (I have considered SO and SF). [1] And I have already done this! But, I do not have an experience in this field (sharing files over local network), do I am asking about pros and cons.

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  • Different approaches to share files over local network

    - by exTyn
    I know, that I can use Google to find methods to share files over local network [1]. But, I have never shared files over local network, and I want to do this in a good, professional way. Also, this could be a good community wiki, I think. Well, what I am asking for, is: what are pros and cons of different methods to sharing files ofver local network? In my case, I need to share files between Linux & Win 7, and I want it to be secure (= without access for anyone else but me & people in my room). Another question (connected with above topic) is about playing music over the local network. Let's say, I live with 2 other guys in a room, one of us have speakers and we want to collaborate in creating playlists (e.g. everyone is choosing 3 songs to be played). Is it possible? How to do this? I am asking this question on SuperUser, because it (question) is connected with hardware & software (network, connecting computers, software for managing playlists in network etc.). I think it is most accurate place for such question (I have considered SO and SF). [1] And I have already done this! But, I do not have an experience in this field (sharing files over local network), do I am asking about pros and cons.

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  • Migrating to CF9: trouble getting JRun working with SSL

    - by DaveBurns
    I have a client on MX7 who wants to migrate to CF9. I have a dev environment for them on my WinXP machine where I've configured MX7 to run with JRun's built-in web server. I've had that working for a long time with both regular and SSL connections. I installed CF9 yesterday side-by-side with the existing MX7 install to start testing. The install was smooth and detected MX7, adjusted CF9's port numbers for no conflict, etc. Testing started well: MX7 over regular and SSL still worked and CF9 worked over regular HTTP. But I can't get CF9 to work with SSL. I installed a new certificate with keytool, FireFox (v3.6) complained about it being unsigned, I added it to the exception list, and now I get this: Secure Connection Failed An error occurred during a connection to localhost:9101. Peer reports it experienced an internal error. (Error code: ssl_error_internal_error_alert) I've been Googling that in all variations but can't find much help to get past this. I don't see any info in any log files either. FWIW, here's my SSL config from SERVER-INF/jrun.xml: <service class="jrun.servlet.http.SSLService" name="SSLService"> <attribute name="enabled">true</attribute>` <attribute name="interface">*</attribute> <attribute name="port">9101</attribute> <attribute name="keyStore">{jrun.rootdir}/lib/mykey</attribute> <attribute name="keyStorePassword">*deleted*</attribute> <attribute name="trustStore">{jrun.rootdir}/lib/trustStore</attribute> <attribute name="socketFactoryName">jrun.servlet.http.JRunSSLServerSocketFactory</attribute> <attribute name="deactivated">false</attribute> <attribute name="bindAddress">*</attribute> <attribute name="clientAuth">false</attribute> </service> Anyone here know of any issues re setting up SSL and CF9? Anyone had success with it? Dave

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  • Private staff network within public network

    - by pianohacker
    I'm the sysadmin at a small public library. Since I got here a few years ago, I've been trying to set up the network in a secure and simple way. Security is a little tricky; the staff and patron networks need to be separated, for security reasons. Even if I further isolated the public wireless, I'd still rather not trust the security of our public computers. However, the two networks also need to communicate; even if I set up enough VMs so they didn't share any servers, they need to use the same two printers at the very least. Currently, I'm solving this with some jerry-rigged commodity equipment. The patron network, linked together by switches, has a Windows server connected to it for DNS and DHCP and a DSL modem for a gateway. Also on the patron network is the WAN side of a Linksys router. This router is the "top" of the staff network, and has the same Windows server connected on a different port, providing DNS and DHCP, and another, faster DSL modem (separate connections are very useful, especially as we heavily depend on some cloud-hosted software). tl;dr: We have a public network, and a NATed staff network within it. My question is; is this really the best way to do this? The right equipment would likely make my job easier, but anything with more than four ports and even rudimentary management quickly becomes a heavy hit on our budget. (My original question was about an ungodly frustrating DHCP routing issue, but I thought I'd ask whether my network was broken rather than asking about the DHCP problem and being told my network was broken.)

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  • PHP-FPM issue on LEMP Stack and WordPress

    - by jw60660
    I'm very much a NGINX and Server Admin beginner. I used this tutorial to install NGINX / PHP / mySQL / WordPress: C3M Digital Tutorial In this tutorial the backend php-cgi setup is configured using fastcgi. php5-fpm was installed during this tutorial: apt-get install nginx-full php5-fpm php5 php5-mysql php5-apc php5-mysql php5-xsl php5-xmlrpc php5-sqlite php5-snmp php5-curl After reading that the NGINX configuration on the WordPress codec was more secure than most tutorials, I decided to use the codex configuration: WordPress NGINX configuration in Codex The Codex configuration uses php-fpm for backend php-cgi. When opening the browser I got a 502 Bad Gateway error. The error log was: "2012/06/10 21:18:27 [crit] 14009#0: *4 connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock failed (2: No such file or directory) while connecting to upstream, client: 12.3.456.789, server: mywebsite.com, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock:", hos t: "mywebsite.com"" In the main NGINX configuration file supplied by the codex I noticed the line starting "server unix:" in the upstream php block which point to the empty directory: # Upstream to abstract backend connection(s) for PHP. upstream php { server unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock; # server 127.0.0.1:9000; } I checked the folder at /tmp and it was empty. Seems I missed configuring php-fpm to play with NGINX. Can someone point me in the right direction? Much appreciated!

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  • ProFTPD / PAM issues with new centos/virtualmin install

    - by iamthewit
    Hi All, I just installed CentOS 5.4 on a rackspace cloud server and installed virtualmin which all seemed to go fine. The only problem I have is that I can not access the virtual servers directories via FTP. I get the following from filezilla: Status: Connecting to 1.1.1.1:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 FTP Server ready. Command: USER username Response: 331 Password required for username. Command: PASS ******* Response: 230 User username logged in. Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is current directory. Command: TYPE I Response: 200 Type set to I Command: PASV Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (1,1,1,1,216,214) Command: LIST Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing and I get this from my /var/secure/log file Sep 22 19:40:42 stickeeserver proftpd: pam_unix(proftpd:session): session opened for user username by (uid=0) Sep 22 19:40:42 server proftpd[14051]: 94.136.40.82 (::ffff:217.207.31.60[::ffff:217.207.31.60]) - USER nastypasty: Login successful. Sep 22 19:40:42 server proftpd[14051]: 94.136.40.82 (::ffff:217.207.31.60[::ffff:217.207.31.60]) - Preparing to chroot to directory '/home/username' Sep 22 19:40:42 server proftpd[14051]: 94.136.40.82 (::ffff:217.207.31.60[::ffff:217.207.31.60]) - mod_delay/0.5: delaying for 728 usecs Sep 22 19:40:42 server proftpd[14051]: 94.136.40.82 (::ffff:217.207.31.60[::ffff:217.207.31.60]) - error setting IPV6_V6ONLY: Protocol not available Any help would be greatly appreciated, I'm not totally new to Linux but it's not my strongest subject. I do like to know exactly why problems occur though and how exactly to fix them so the more detail the better! cheers

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  • Self-Resetting Power Strips?

    - by Justin Scott
    We are about to deploy a number of secure kiosks into an environment where they may be prone to lightning strikes and power surges on a somewhat regular basis (southern Florida in a place where the existing electrical infrastructure is, shall we say, a bit out of date). Ideally we would use battery backups on each system, but it's not in the budget. We plan to use a standard power strip with a circuit breaker built-in to protect the computers, but management has asked if there is a power strip that can reset itself after the breaker has been tripped. I've looked around and wasn't able to find such a beast, and it seems to me that it would probably be a safety issue for such a product to exist (e.g. if something plugged into the strip is drawing a lot of current and trips the breaker, you wouldn't want that resetting itself to prevent a possible fire). Nevertheless, if anyone has experience with such a product or can point me in the direction of something that would allow the breakers to be reset automatically or remotely (we don't want to have to send someone to each kiosk every time there is a power surge) I would appreciate any tips.

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  • Securing SSH/SFTP and best practices on security

    - by MultiformeIngegno
    I'm on a fresh VPS with Ubuntu Server 12.04. I wanted to ask you the good practices to apply to enhance security over a stock Ubuntu-server. This is what I did up to now: I added Google Authenticator to SSH, then I created a new user (whom I'll use instead of 'root' for SSH & SFTP access) which I added to my /etc/sudoers list below 'root', so now it's: # User privilege specification root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL new_user ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL Then I edited sshd_config and set PermitRootLogin to 'no'. Then restarted the ssh service. Is this ok? There are a few things I'd like to ask you though: 1) What's the sense of adding a new (sudoer) user whilst the root user still exist (ok it can't access with root privilege but it's still there..)? 2) System files are owned by 'root'.. I want to use my new_user to access via SFTP but with it I can't edit those files!! Should I mass-CHMOD 'em so that new_user has write perms too? What's the good practice on this? Thanks in advance, I hope you'll tell me if I did something wrong and/or other ways to secure the system. :)

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  • Mac OS X Disk Encryption - Automation

    - by jfm429
    I want to setup a Mac Mini server with an external drive that is encrypted. In Finder, I can use the full-disk encryption option. However, for multiple users, this could become tricky. What I want to do is encrypt the external volume, then set things up so that when the machine boots, the disk is unlocked so that all users can access it. Of course permissions need to be maintained, but that goes without saying. What I'm thinking of doing is setting up a root-level launchd script that runs once on boot and unlocks the disk. The encryption keys would probably be stored in root's keychain. So here's my list of concerns: If I store the encryption keys in the system keychain, then the file in /private/var/db/SystemKey could be used to unlock the keychain if an attacker ever gained physical access to the server. this is bad. If I store the encryption keys in my user keychain, I have to manually run the command with my password. This is undesirable. If I run a launchd script with my user credentials, it will run under my user account but won't have access to the keychain, defeating the purpose. If root has a keychain (does it?) then how would it be decrypted? Would it remain locked until the password was entered (like the user keychain) or would it have the same problem as the system keychain, with keys stored on the drive and accessible with physical access? Assuming all of the above works, I've found diskutil coreStorage unlockVolume which seems to be the appropriate command, but the details of where to store the encryption key is the biggest problem. If the system keychain is not secure enough, and user keychains require a password, what's the best option?

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  • what is the fastest way to copy all data to a new larger hard drive?

    - by SUPER user
    I was certain this would have been covered before, but I cannot find an answer amongst all the almost-duplicates that come up; sorry if I've missed something obvious. I have a full 320gb disk inside my machine, a new 1tb disk to replace it, and a USB 2.0 chassis. It is only data on a single partition, no OS/apps involved, and the old drive will be kept somewhere as backup (no secure wiping etc). The simple option would be to put new disk in USB chassis, copy files, then swap them over. But for USB pen drives, reading is around 4x faster than writing. If the same is true for a USB SATA chassis (is it?) then it would be significantly faster to swap the drives first and read from the old drive over USB, right? Then the other consideration is that copying lots of files is usually slower than a single file of equivalent size. Is Windows 7 smart enough to do everything in a single lump like that, or is there specialised software that should be used instead? (Even if SATA-SATA copying is faster than involving USB, knowing what to do when it isn't an option is useful information.) Summary: Does a USB SATA chassis suffer from a read/write inequality? (like a USB pen drive does, but unlike a direct SATA connection) Can Windows 7 do sequential access? (I can't find confirmation if Robocopy does this.) Or is it necessary to use a bootable CD/USB with something like Clonezilla to achieve sequential copy speeds?

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  • Pros and Cons of a proxy/gateway server

    - by Curtis
    I'm working with a web app that uses two machines, a BSD server and a Windows 2000 server. When someone goes to our website, they are connected to the BSD server which, using Apache's proxy module, relays the requests & responses between them and the web server on the Windows server. The idea (designed and deployed about 9 years ago) was that it was more secure to have the BSD server as what outside people connected to than the Windows server running the web app. The BSD server is a bare bones install with all unnecessary services & applications removed. These servers are about to be replaced and the big question is, is a cut-down, barebones server necessary for security in this setup. From my research online I don’t see anyone else running a setup like this (I don't see anyone questioning it at least.) If they have a server between the user and the web app server(s), it is caching, compressing, and/or load balancing. Is there anything I’m overlooking by letting people connect directly from the internet ** to a Windows 2008 R2 server that’s running the web application? ** there’s a good hardware firewall between the internet with only minimal ports open Thank you.

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  • Can't connect to Synology DiskStation through HTTPS when using Windows 7 Import

    - by LeonidasFett
    a little background to my problem: I have a Synology DiskStation 213j that I use as a backup/data storage solution. When I'm at work, I would like to push and pull files from my DiskStation but I can't use VPN which is forbidden for outgoing connections. So I wanted to try to use HTTPS so I can at least connect securely to the web interface. I mostly use Chrome which uses the Windows Certificate Store. So I tried importing a self-signed certificate into it, without success. I still get a warning in Chrome telling me the connection is not secure because it can't be verified. When I import the certificate into Firefox though, it works and I can connect through HTTPS. I checked my domain on this site: http://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-checker.html It shows no errors, only a warning that the certificate is self-signed. Which is OK in this case. Any got any idea why importing the certificate into Windows 7 doesn't work? I tried Right-Click domain.mydomain.de.crt File --> Install certificate --> Next --> both options here (in case of "Place certificate in following store:" I selected "Third Party Root Certificate Authorities") to no avail.

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