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What is recursion? -- In plain english.

- by Christopher Altman

I hear this word everyday, but cannot give a meaningful, concise, or plain-english answer to what it is. Recursion is defined by the bastian of knowledge as: Recursion in computer science is a method where the solution to a problem depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same problem.1 The approach can be applied to many types of problems, and is one of the central ideas of computer science.[2] Source Is recursion simply something that repeats itself to get a solution? I am looking for a "Recursion for Dummies" definition, and maybe simple examples. My goal is to be able to understand and explain recursion in my own words. I do not like simply thinking I know the meaning of something because I hear it referenced daily, but have not paused to form my own understanding.

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How to handle different roles with different previliges in PHP?

- by user261002

I would like to know how we can create different "user Roles" for different users in PHP. example: Administrator can create all types of users, add, view, manipulate data, delete managers, viewers, and workers, etc managers can only create, workers and viewers, can add and view data, workers can't create new users, but can only add data and view data, viewers can only view data that has been added to the DB by workers, managers and administrators. I though its better to use different sessions like : $_SESSION['admin'] $_SESSION['manager'] $_SESSION['worker'] $_SESSION['viewvers'] and for every page check which of them have a true or yes value, but I want to know how do they do it in real and big projects??? is there any other way???

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document.getElementById in toString

- by KooiInc

edit Found my answers here. Bottom line: toString/valueOf can only return primitive types. So here the lack of native getters in javascript shows, I suppose. I would like to use the following simple function in an elementwrapper: function ElGetter(id){ var id = id; return { set: function(nwid){id = nwid;}, toString: function(){return document.getElementById(id);}, valueOf: function(){return document.getElementById(id);} }; } var myEl = ElGetter('myId'); console.log(myEl.innerHTML); //=> undefined But I can't get it to work. Is it a DOM/javascript restriction or am I missing something? Normally it works, as in: function Tester(){ var x = 1; return { toString: function(){return x}, valueOf: function(){return x} } } var myTest = Tester(); console.log(myTest); //=> 1

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javax.servlet import cannot be resolved after moving web servlet

- by Michael Kjörling

I have written a small web servlet to run under Tomcat, using Eclipse Helios. In its old, non-source-controlled location, everything was fine, but now I need to add this to our source control system. Moving the old files out of the way, creating a new workspace, setting up the server connection and copying and importing the existing projects into the new workspace all worked fine once I figured out how to do it, but I can't get the servlet to build. Instead, I get a whole bunch of cannot be resolved to a type errors talking about various servlet class types; HttpServlet, HttpServletRequest, ServletException, etc. Another error that is almost certainly related is The import javax.servlet cannot be resolved. I am obviously missing something very basic, but I'm new to this (and not having the terminology really down pat probably doesn't help me Google for an answer). Any suggestions as to what I might be missing would be greatly appreciated.

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What effect does static const have on a namespace member

- by user144182

namespace MyNamespace { static const double GasConstant = 1.987; Class MyClass { // constructors, methods, etc. }; }; I previously had GasConstant declared within the MyClass declaration (and had a separate definition in the source file since C++ does not support const initialization of non-integral types). I however need to access it from other files and also logically it seems like it should reside at the namespace level. My questions is, what effect does static const have in this case? Clearly const means I can't assign a new value to GasConstant, but what does a static member at the namespace mean. Is this similar to filescope static effect, where the member is not accessible outside of the unit?

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Consolidate loan, purchase & sale tables into one transaction table.

- by Frank Computer

INFORMIX-SE with ISQL 7.3: I have separate tables for Loan, Purchase & Sales transactions. Each tables rows are joined to their respective customer rows by: customer.id [serial] = loan.foreign_id [integer]; = purchase.foreign_id [integer]; = sale.foreign_id [integer]; I would like to consolidate the three tables into one table called "transaction", where a column: transaction.trx_type char(1) {L=Loan, P=Purchase, S=Sale} identifies the transaction type. Each transaction will be assigned a unique transaction number [serial]. Is this a good idea or is it better to keep them in separate tables? Storage space is not a concern, I think it would be easier programming & user-wise to have all types of transactions under one table, whenever possible. This implies denormalization.

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Wrong shortcut icons on the desktop and in the programs menu

- by Zenya

When creating a program setup, I also put some documentation or readme files in it. However after the program is installed, I get wrong icons on the desktop and in the programs menu, as below: What I expected: I thought that for the registered file types (such as pdf, txt, doc, etc.) I don't need to set icons manually in the setup project. Am i wrong? As far as I know some other installers doesn't have such problem. Does anybody know how to fix this for Visual Studio? My environment is: Visual Studio 2005, C#, Windows XP Pro SP3

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Custom Item in ListActivity on Android

- by Honza Pokorny

Hello everyone, I've spent hours reading through the SDK reference, googling and reading tutorials - but I still can't figure it out. I would like to know how to create a custom list item in the ListActivity widget on Android. Something similar to a Twitter client interface. Each list item has different types of text, possibly an icon, etc. Does anyone know of any resources that would help me understand the process of creating something like that? Any guidance would be appreciated. Thanks

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Visual Studio 2010 + Resharper Tools|Options|Environment|Fonts and Colors

- by Gerard

About fonts and colors in the VS2010 C# text editor with Resharper installed. In the following method: public void Method() { var lis = new System.Collections.ArrayList(); var exc = new System.NotImplementedException(); } ArrayList gets another color as NotImplementedException in the VS2010 text editor, because I edited the color scheme. What would be the difference in these kinds of types so that the color scheme handles them differently? Note that I have Resharper installed but I also tried almost all Resharper entries. I would like to have the ame color for both, but the color of the NotImplementedException type seems immutable.

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Problem in generation of custom classes at web service client

- by user443324

I have a web service which receives an custom object and returns another custom object. It can be deployed successfully on GlassFish or JBoss. @WebMethod(operationName = "providerRQ") @WebResult(name = "BookingInfoResponse" , targetNamespace = "http://tlonewayresprovidrs.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com/") public com.nhst.rakes.jaxbutil.tlonewayresprovidrs.BookingInfoResponse providerRQ(@WebParam(name = "BookingInfoRequest" , targetNamespace = "http://tlonewayresprovidrq.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com/") com.nhst.rakes.jaxbutil.tlonewayresprovidrq.BookingInfoRequest BookingInfoRequest) { com.nhst.rakes.jaxbutil.tlonewayresprovidrs.BookingInfoResponse BookingInfoResponse = new com.nhst.rakes.jaxbutil.tlonewayresprovidrs.BookingInfoResponse(); return BookingInfoResponse; } But when I create a client for this web service, two instances of BookingInfoRequest and BookingInfoResponse generated even I need only one instance. This time an error is returned that says multiple classes with same name are can not be possible....... Here is wsdl..... <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><definitions xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy" xmlns:wsp1_2="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="http://demo/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="http://demo/" name="DemoJAXBParamService"> <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="DemoJAXBParamPortBindingPolicy"> <ns1:OptimizedMimeSerialization xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy/optimizedmimeserialization" /> </wsp:Policy> <types> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://tlonewayresprovidrs.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com/" schemaLocation="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService?xsd=1" /> </xsd:schema> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://tlonewayresprovidrs.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com" schemaLocation="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService?xsd=2" /> </xsd:schema> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://tlonewayresprovidrq.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com/" schemaLocation="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService?xsd=3" /> </xsd:schema> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://tlonewayresprovidrq.jaxbutil.rakes.nhst.com" schemaLocation="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService?xsd=4" /> </xsd:schema> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://demo/" schemaLocation="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService?xsd=5" /> </xsd:schema> </types> <message name="providerRQ"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:providerRQ" /> </message> <message name="providerRQResponse"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:providerRQResponse" /> </message> <portType name="DemoJAXBParam"> <operation name="providerRQ"> <input wsam:Action="http://demo/DemoJAXBParam/providerRQRequest" message="tns:providerRQ" /> <output wsam:Action="http://demo/DemoJAXBParam/providerRQResponse" message="tns:providerRQResponse" /> </operation> </portType> <binding name="DemoJAXBParamPortBinding" type="tns:DemoJAXBParam"> <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#DemoJAXBParamPortBindingPolicy" /> <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document" /> <operation name="providerRQ"> <soap:operation soapAction="" /> <input> <soap:body use="literal" /> </input> <output> <soap:body use="literal" /> </output> </operation> </binding> <service name="DemoJAXBParamService"> <port name="DemoJAXBParamPort" binding="tns:DemoJAXBParamPortBinding"> <soap:address location="http://localhost:31133/DemoJAXBParamService/DemoJAXBParamService" /> </port> </service> </definitions> So, I want to know that how to generate only one instance(I don't know why two instances are generated at client side?). Please help me to move in right direction.

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Generics in custom configuration sections

- by Jonn

I tried making a custom configuration class that went on like this: WatcherServiceInfoSection<TWatcherServiceDetailElement> where TWatcherServiceDetailElement is a ConfigurationElement inside it. Now when I call the type in the ConfigSections area of AppConfig I get the error: An error occurred creating the configuration section handler for WatcherServiceInfo: Could not load type 'Library.Common.Utilities.ConfigurationHandler.WatcherServiceInfoSection<ASNDPService.Configuration.WatcherServiceDetailElement>' from assembly Is what I'm doing possible? Can I have generic types in the type attribute for a custom section element? EDIT Additionally, how about ConfigurationElementCollection objects? Like in the above example, how could I do a [ConfigurationProperty("WatcherServiceDetails", IsRequired = true, IsDefaultCollection = true)] [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(TWatcherServiceDetailElement), AddItemName = "WatcherServiceDetail")] public WatcherServiceDetailCollection<TWatcherServiceDetailElement> WatcherServiceDetails I'm aware that type parameters aren't allowed for attributes and that's what I want to know how to do.

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View artifacts leaking into the model of MVC

- by Jono

In an ASP.NET MVC application (which has very little chance of having its view technology ported to something non-HTML, but whose functional requirements evolve weekly,) how much HTML should ideally be allowed to be directly represented in the Model? I might come across as a design bigot for this, but I regard it as bad practice to allow any view constructs to "leak" into the model in an MVC application (and vice versa). For example, a Model that represents an item you're about to purchase should know nothing about the HTML check box that says "add giftwrap/message", nor should it know about any HTML drop down lists for payment card types. Conversely the View shouldn't be doing work like figuring out button text by translating keys into values (by looking in resource files.)

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What is the suggested way to show exception messages on UI which were produced in Business Layer?

- by burak ozdogan

Hi, Is there a pattern OR 'a best practice' on creating user's friendly messages in the presentation layer by using exceptions which were thrown from the Business Layer? Actually in many cases I prefer to throw Application Exceptions and this is forcing me to catch them on UI (aspx.cs pages). And if the process is complex which may produce many different types of exceptions I have to have many catch blocks to produce specific error messages. Is there a better way coming to your mind? A pattern maybe for similar cases? thanks

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Lucene Analyzer to Use With Special Characters and Punctuation?

- by Brandon

I have a Lucene index that has several documents in it. Each document has multiple fields such as: Id Project Name Description The Id field will be a unique identifier such as a GUID, Project is a user's ProjectID and a user can only view documents for their project, and Name and Description contain text that can have special characters. When a user performs a search on the Name field, I want to be able to attempt to match the best I can such as: First Will return both: First.Last and First.Middle.Last Name can also be something like: Test (NameTest) Where, if a user types in 'Test', 'Name', or '(NameTest)', then they can find the result. However, if I say that Project is 'ProjectA' then that needs to be an exact match (case insensitive search). The same goes with the Id field. Which fields should I set up as Tokenized and which as Untokenized? Also, is there a good Analyzer I should consider to make this happen? I am stuck trying to decide the best route to implement the desired searching.

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Approaches for Error Code/Message Management in .NET

- by WayneC

Looking for suggestions/best practices on managing error codes and messages in a multi-tiered applications. Specifically things like: Where should error codes be defined? Enum? Class? How are error messages or further details associated with the error codes? resource files? attributes on enum values, etc.? If you have a multi-tier application consisting of DAL, BLL, UI, and Common projects for example, should there be a single giant list of codes for all tiers, or are the codes extensible by project/tier? Update: Important to mention that I can't rely solely on Exceptions and custom Exception types for error reporting, as some clients for this application will be via web services (SOAP & REST) Any suggestions welcome!

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simple plot algorithm with autoscale

- by adrin

I need to implement a simple plotting component in C#(WPF to be more precise). What i have is a collection of data samples containing time (X axis) and a value (both double types). I have a drawing canvas of a fixed size (Width x Height) and a DrawLine method/function that can draw on it. The problem I am facing now is how do I draw the plot so that it is autoscaled? In other words how do I map the samples I have to actual pixels on my Width x Height canvas?

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Should I use Enumeration or Class stereotype in UML to represent a type directory table?

- by Ivan

Let's take 2 UML class model entities: One represents an actual Order and another represents an Orede Type. Any Order corresponds to one Type. A 2-way-naviglabe many Orders to one Type relation is meant. Order Type instances are, for example, "Request availability", "Request price", "Preorder", "Buy", "Cancel", "Request support", etc. Order Types are to be addable and editable in the resulting application. Should I model Order Type as Class or as Enumeration? From the data perspective I can't see the difference actually.

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Retreiving data from MySQL with html/javaScript on one domain and the PHP file on the other

- by Mike

I need to retrieve data from a MySQL database, and have it work one way for all types of servers. For example it should work on a server that runs no server side language, it should also work on LAMP, and IIS. I was thinking about using ajax and xmlhttprequest, but learned of the cross domain limitation. I also tried to just include the PHP in a tag, but it comes back with a syntax error in the HTML code created by the PHP file, even though it looks correct. Does anyone know how to fix either of these issues, or have a different way to go about it?

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Is this casting safe?

- by Itsik

I need to write a Util function (in my c++cli app) that converts a String to a Double or Float or Int. template<typename T> static T MyConvert(String^ str) { return static_cast<T>(System::Convert::ToDouble(str)); } Is this safe? Can it somehow convert 2 to 1.999 and then to 1 if I call MyConvert<int>("2") ? I was wondering why the Convert class isn't templated in the first place? (That would let me call Convert<T> instead of Convert.ToDouble() for all types) This is C++/Cli so I can use any convert methods in c++ or .net, but I only know Convert.ToDouble()|ToString()|ToInt32()) Thanks

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How can I bind dynamic data to DataGridTemplateColumn in code?

- by TuomoT

I'm using DataGrid from CodePlex. I have objects (ICustomTypeDescriptor) that have properties 'name' 'description' 'c' 'd' and so on (the names are dynamic, and so is the value) and they have information behind them. I have templates for different types. And if I have to list the properties of a single element I can just bind to the values in xaml and use datatemplateselector (in datagridtemplatecolumn) which will pick the correct template. However, when I'm listing several of the elements, how can I use the selectors and the templates? How do I get the correct property bound to the template (two-way)? When ignoring the need for different templates, using DataGridTextColumn with bindings is very simple (and works, see example below), is there any way to use similar approach with the DataGridTemplateColumn? foreach (String propertyName in listOfPropertyNames) { DataGridTextColumn textColumn = new DataGridTextColumn() { Header = propertyName, Binding = new Binding() { Path = new PropertyPath(propertyName) } }; DataGrid.Columns.Add(textColumn); }

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How can I detect collisions between two images in c#?

- by Shane Callanan

hope you can help me out with this one. I'm new to c# so am very inexperienced. But basically I'm trying to make a game in which certain objects fall from the sky. Some objects like feathers take a while to drop, while metal balls will drop faster. You start off with a certain amount of cash and can buy weapons of your choice to place on the ground below. Now I've never done anything to do with collisions before, so simple answers will be of much help! Here are some of the collisions that will be in the game: (Not sure if different types of collisions are coded differently) -Collision between bullets and falling objects -Collision between falling objects and the ground (which is inanimate) -Collisions between falling objects and a certain radius around another object (for example, if a weapon gives off a radiation beam starting from its centre) -Collisions between rotating objects (rotating blade) and falling objects If someone could help me with this, it would be much appreciated!

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RIA Services - Two entity models share an entity name

- by Alex

I have two entity models hooked up to two different databases. However, the two databases both have a table named 'brand', for example. As such, there is a naming conflict in my models. Now, I've been able to add a namespace to each model, via Custom Tool Namespace in the model's properties, but the generated code in my Silverlight project will try to use both namespaces, and come up with this, Imports MyProject.ModelA Imports MyProject.ModelB Public ReadOnly Property brands() As EntitySet(Of brand) Get Return MyBase.EntityContainer.GetEntitySet(Of brand) End Get End Property giving me this exception: 'Error 1 'brand' is ambiguous, imported from the namespaces or types 'MyProject.ModelA,MyProject.ModelB'. Has anyone had experience with naming conflicts like this using RIA services? How did you solve it?

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Why would a TableAdapter populate a DataSet with "1/1/2000" for an entire timestamp column?

- by Rob

I have a TableAdapter filling a DataSet, and for some reason every select query populates my timestamp column with the value 1/1/2000 for every selected row. I first verified that original values are intact on the DB side; for the most part, they are, although it seems a few rows lost their original timestamp because of update queries performed programmatically before the issue was discovered. The DataColumn type is DateType, while the database (Postgres) column type is timestamp. Up until recently, this was all playing very nicely. I noticed the issue in a bound DataGridView control, and verified that this is not related to data binding by utilizing the 'Preview Data' option in the VS DataSet Editor. Usually when I notice unexpected values popping up in my application it's related to a mis-configured property, type conflict, or another silly mistake I've made. So after checking properties and types, and even recreating the TableAdapter from scratch, to say I'm a little baffled is an understatement. Does anyone have any ideas of what I could do to fix the issue and/or diagnose the cause?

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Optional attribute values in MappedField

- by David Brooks

I'm new to Scala and Lift, coming from a slightly odd background in PLT Scheme. I've done a quick search on this topic and found lots of questions but no answers. I'm probably looking in the wrong place. I've been working my way through tutorials on using Mapper to create database-backed objects, and I've hit a stumbling block: what types should be used to stored optional attribute values. For example, a simple ToDo object might comprise a title and an optional deadline (e.g. http://rememberthemilk.com). The former would be a MappedString, but the latter could not be a MappedDateTime since the type constraints on the field require, say, defaultValue to return a Date (rather than a Date or null/false/???). Is an underlying NULL handled by the MappedField subclasses? Or are there optional equivalents to things like MappedInt, MappedString, MappedDateTime that allow the value to be NULL in the database? Or am I approaching this in the wrong way?

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Why don't Domain class static methods work from inside a grails "service"?

- by ?????

I want a grails service to be able to access Domain static methods, for queries, etc. For example, in a controller, I can call IncomingCall.count() to get the number of records in table "IncomingCall" but if I try to do this from inside a service, I get the error: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'incomingStatusService': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: static ms.wdw.tropocontrol.IncomingCall.count() is applicable for argument types: () values: [] How do these methods get injected? There's no magic def statement in a controller that appears to do this. Or is the problem that Hibernate isn't available from my Service class?

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