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  • Executing a modified expression

    - by Sam
    I found this brief demo: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb546136.aspx Which discusses modifying an expression. However the code starts with a Expression<Func<string, bool>> and ends up with a Expression so it's not complete. How do I take that expression and make it typed as Expression<Func<string,bool>> again? All the examples I have have found on executing an expression all involve dynamically created expressions which is not what this case has. Here the original expression is defined at compile time. And the code I want to write to do this won't know much about the expression, ideally as little as possible. I definately can't see how I would know what "Paramaters" to pass to Expression.LambdaExpression... In my particular case I want to search for any references to a particular propery of type A and swap them out with a reference to a property of type B then pass the expression to a call to IEnumerable.Where. ie. p=>p.Name == "Sam" where P is Foo1 becomes p=>p.FirstName == "Sam" where p is Foo2

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  • Default class for SQLAlchemy single table inheritance

    - by eclaird
    I've set up a single table inheritance, but I need a "default" class to use when an unknown polymorphic identity is encountered. The database is not in my control and so the data can be pretty much anything. A working example setup: import sqlalchemy as sa from sqlalchemy import orm engine = sa.create_engine('sqlite://') metadata = sa.MetaData(bind=engine) table = sa.Table('example_types', metadata, sa.Column('id', sa.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column('type', sa.Integer), ) metadata.create_all() class BaseType(object): pass class TypeA(BaseType): pass class TypeB(BaseType): pass base_mapper = orm.mapper(BaseType, table, polymorphic_on=table.c.type, polymorphic_identity=None, ) orm.mapper(TypeA, inherits=base_mapper, polymorphic_identity='A', ) orm.mapper(TypeB, inherits=base_mapper, polymorphic_identity='B', ) Session = orm.sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False) session = Session() Now, if I insert a new unmapped identity... engine.execute('INSERT INTO EXAMPLE_TYPES (TYPE) VALUES (\'C\')') session.query(BaseType).first() ...things break. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1619, in first ret = list(self[0:1]) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1528, in __getitem__ return list(res) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1797, in instances rows = [process[0](row, None) for row in fetch] File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 2179, in _instance _instance = polymorphic_instances[discriminator] File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/util.py", line 83, in __missing__ self[key] = val = self.creator(key) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 2341, in configure_subclass_mapper discriminator) AssertionError: No such polymorphic_identity u'C' is defined What I expected: >>> result = session.query(BaseType).first() >>> result <BaseType object at 0x1c8db70> >>> result.type u'C' I think this used to work with some older version of SQLAlchemy, but I haven't been keeping up with the development lately. Any pointers on how to accomplish this?

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  • Custom RoleProvider: Can't insert record in UsersInRole Table

    - by mahr.g.mohyuddin
    Hi, I have implemented a LINQ to SQL based RoleProvider, when I assign role to a user following exception is thrown while AddUsersToRoles method is called. I have defined a composite primary key userid & roleId on this table, it still throwing this exception: Can't perform Create, Update or Delete operations on 'Table(UsersInRole)' because it has no primary key. My LinQ to SQL implementation of AddUsersToRoles method is as follows. It breaks at db.UsersInRoles.InsertOnSubmit(userInRole); using (RussarmsDataContext db = new RussarmsDataContext()) { List<UsersInRole> usersInRole = new List<UsersInRole>(); foreach (string username in usernames) { foreach (string rolename in rolenames) { UsersInRole userInRole = new UsersInRole(); object userId = ProvidersUtility.GetUserIdByUserName(username,applicationName); object roleId = ProvidersUtility.GetRoleIdByRoleName(rolename,applicationName); if (userId != null && roleId != null) { userInRole.UserId = (Guid)userId; userInRole.RoleId = (Guid)roleId; db.UsersInRoles.InsertOnSubmit(userInRole); } } } try { // db.UsersInRoles.InsertAllOnSubmit(usersInRole); db.SubmitChanges(); } catch (ChangeConflictException) { db.ChangeConflicts.ResolveAll(RefreshMode.OverwriteCurrentValues); db.SubmitChanges(); } } Any help will be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • JAVA Regular Expression Errors

    - by Berkay
    I'm working on a simply password strength checker and i can not success applying regular expressions. In different resources different kinds of regular expressions are defined. i also find javascript regular expressions but had some problems to adapt. First, these are the regular expressions i need for JAVA: at least one lower case letter at least one upper case letter at least one number at least three numbers at least one special character at least two special characters both letters and numbers both upper and lower case letters, numbers, and special characters My goal is not being a regular expression expert i just want to use the parts i need.If you direct me good tutorials which discusses above for java, will be appreciated. Second, in this link some of them are mentioned but i'm getting problems to apply them. here does not catch the lower case letter (my pass: A5677a) if (passwd.matches("(?=.*[a-z])")) // [verified] at least one lower case letter {Score = Score+5;} Also here i'm getting error : illegal escape character. if (passwd.matches("(?=.*\d)")) // [verified] at least one number Finally, are these expressions all different in different kind of programming or script languages?

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  • How do I add a button to my navigationController's right side after pushing another view controller

    - by bobobobo
    So, immediately after pushing a view controller to my tableView, // Override to support row selection in the table view. - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Navigation logic may go here -- // for example, create and push another view controller. AnotherViewController *anotherViewController = [[AnotherViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"AnotherView" bundle:nil]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:anotherViewController animated:YES]; Ok, so that makes another view slide on, and you can go back to the previous view ("pop" the current view) by clicking the button that automatically appears in the top left corner of the navigation bar now. Ok, so SAY I want to populate the RIGHT SIDE of the navigation bar with a DONE button, like in the "Notes" app that comes with the iPhone. How would I do that? I tried code like this: UIBarButtonItem * doneButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self action:@selector( doneFunc ) ]; self.navigationController.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = doneButton ; // not it.. [doneButton release] ; doneFunc is defined, and everything, just the button never appears on the right side..

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  • Raytracing (LoS) on 3D hex-like tile maps

    - by herenvardo
    Greetings, I'm working on a game project that uses a 3D variant of hexagonal tile maps. Tiles are actually cubes, not hexes, but are laid out just like hexes (because a square can be turned to a cube to extrapolate from 2D to 3D, but there is no 3D version of a hex). Rather than a verbose description, here goes an example of a 4x4x4 map: (I have highlighted an arbitrary tile (green) and its adjacent tiles (yellow) to help describe how the whole thing is supposed to work; but the adjacency functions are not the issue, that's already solved.) I have a struct type to represent tiles, and maps are represented as a 3D array of tiles (wrapped in a Map class to add some utility methods, but that's not very relevant). Each tile is supposed to represent a perfectly cubic space, and they are all exactly the same size. Also, the offset between adjacent "rows" is exactly half the size of a tile. That's enough context; my question is: Given the coordinates of two points A and B, how can I generate a list of the tiles (or, rather, their coordinates) that a straight line between A and B would cross? That would later be used for a variety of purposes, such as determining Line-of-sight, charge path legality, and so on. BTW, this may be useful: my maps use the (0,0,0) as a reference position. The 'jagging' of the map can be defined as offsetting each tile ((y+z) mod 2) * tileSize/2.0 to the right from the position it'd have on a "sane" cartesian system. For the non-jagged rows, that yields 0; for rows where (y+z) mod 2 is 1, it yields 0.5 tiles. I'm working on C#4 targeting the .Net Framework 4.0; but I don't really need specific code, just the algorithm to solve the weird geometric/mathematical problem. I have been trying for several days to solve this at no avail; and trying to draw the whole thing on paper to "visualize" it didn't help either :( . Thanks in advance for any answer

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  • Is this a bug? : I get " The type ... is not a complex type or an entity type" in my WCF data servic

    - by veertien
    When invoking a query on the data service I get this error message inside the XML feed: <m:error> <m:code></m:code> <m:message xml:lang="nl-NL">Internal Server Error. The type 'MyType' is not a complex type or an entity type.</m:message> </m:error> When I use the example described here in the article "How to: Create a Data Service Using the Reflection Provider (WCF Data Services)" http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd728281(v=VS.100).aspx it works as expected. I have created the service in a .NET 4.0 web project. My data context class returns a query object that is derived from the LINQExtender (http://linqextender.codeplex.com/). When I execute the query object in a unit test, it works as expected. My entity type is defined as: [DataServiceKey("Id")] public class Accommodation { [UniqueIdentifier] [OriginalFieldName("EntityId")] public string Id { get; set; } [OriginalFieldName("AccoName")] public string Name { get; set; } } (the UniqueIdentifier and OriginalFieldName attributes are used by LINQExtender) Does anybody know if this is a bug in WCF data services or am I doing something wrong?

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  • Delegates in .NET: how are they constructed ?

    - by Saulius
    While inspecting delegates in C# and .NET in general, I noticed some interesting facts: Creating a delegate in C# creates a class derived from MulticastDelegate with a constructor: .method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void .ctor(object 'object', native int 'method') runtime managed { } Meaning that it expects the instance and a pointer to the method. Yet the syntax of constructing a delegate in C# suggests that it has a constructor new MyDelegate(int () target) where I can recognise int () as a function instance (int *target() would be a function pointer in C++). So obviously the C# compiler picks out the correct method from the method group defined by the function name and constructs the delegate. So the first question would be, where does the C# compiler (or Visual Studio, to be precise) pick this constructor signature from ? I did not notice any special attributes or something that would make a distinction. Is this some sort of compiler/visualstudio magic ? If not, is the T (args) target construction valid in C# ? I did not manage to get anything with it to compile, e.g.: int () target = MyMethod; is invalid, so is doing anything with MyMetod, e.g. calling .ToString() on it (well this does make some sense, since that is technically a method group, but I imagine it should be possible to explicitly pick out a method by casting, e.g. (int())MyFunction. So is all of this purely compiler magic ? Looking at the construction through reflector reveals yet another syntax: Func CS$1$0000 = new Func(null, (IntPtr) Foo); This is consistent with the disassembled constructor signature, yet this does not compile! One final interesting note is that the classes Delegate and MulticastDelegate have yet another sets of constructors: .method family hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void .ctor(class System.Type target, string 'method') cil managed Where does the transition from an instance and method pointer to a type and a string method name occur ? Can this be explained by the runtime managed keywords in the custom delegate constructor signature, i.e. does the runtime do it's job here ?

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  • Problem compiling gnustep-gui-0.16.0 undefined reference to png_sizeof

    - by stefanB
    I'm trying to compile GNUstep on a linux box but gnustep-gui-0.16.0 package is failing. I downloaded GNUstep Startup stable 0.20.1 (http://wwwmain.gnustep.org/resources/downloads.php)and follow instructions about how to compile (./configure && make). I'm getting this error: libgnustep-gui.so: undefined reference to 'png_sizeof' I have compiled latest libpng (1.2.34) and I can see that png_sizeof is defined as macro. However, I'm not quite sure how to fix the gnustep-gui-0.16.0 build. I tried to pass the include/lib directory where libpng is installed to configure build but nothing seems to help. I have quite up to date linux box but using gcc 3.3 (upgrade is not an option - but this should not be a problem). Full error: Making all for tool set_show_service... Compiling file set_show_service.m ... Linking tool set_show_service ... ../Source/./obj/libgnustep-gui.so: undefined reference to `png_sizeof' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status gmake[3]: *** [obj/set_show_service] Error 1 gmake[2]: *** [set_show_service.all.tool.variables] Error 2 gmake[1]: *** [internal-all] Error 2 gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/home/bla/local/src/gnustep-startup-0.22.0/build/gnustep-gui-0.16.0' gmake[3]: *** [obj/set_show_service] Error 1 gmake[2]: *** [set_show_service.all.tool.variables] Error 2 gmake[1]: *** [internal-all] Error 2 Any suggestions? Thanks

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  • Enum Naming Convention - Plural

    - by o.k.w
    I'm asking this question despite having read similar but not exactly what I want at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/495051/c-naming-convention-for-enum-and-matching-property I found I have a tendency to name enums in plural and then 'use' them as singular, example: public enum EntityTypes { Type1, Type2 } public class SomeClass { /* some codes */ public EntityTypes EntityType {get; set;} } Of course it works and this is my style, but can anyone find potential problem with such convention? I do have an "ugly" naming with the word "Status" though: public enum OrderStatuses { Pending, Fulfilled, Error, Blah, Blah } public class SomeClass { /* some codes */ public OrderStatuses OrderStatus {get; set;} } Additional Info: Maybe my question wasn't clear enough. I often have to think hard when naming the variables of the my defined enum types. I know the best practice, but it doesn't help to ease my job of naming those variables. I can't possibly expose all my enum properties (say "Status") as "MyStatus". My question: Can anyone find potential problem with my convention described above? It is NOT about best practice. Question rephrase: Well, I guess I should ask the question this way: Can someone come out a good generic way of naming the enum type such that when used, the naming of the enum 'instance' will be pretty straightforward?

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  • g++ C++0x enum class Compiler Warnings

    - by Travis G
    I've been refactoring my horrible mess of C++ type-safe psuedo-enums to the new C++0x type-safe enums because they're way more readable. Anyway, I use them in exported classes, so I explicitly mark them to be exported: enum class __attribute__((visibility("default"))) MyEnum : unsigned int { One = 1, Two = 2 }; Compiling this with g++ yields the following warning: type attributes ignored after type is already defined This seems very strange, since, as far as I know, that warning is meant to prevent actual mistakes like: class __attribute__((visibility("default"))) MyClass { }; class __attribute__((visibility("hidden"))) MyClass; Of course, I'm clearly not doing that, since I have only marked the visibility attributes at the definition of the enum class and I'm not re-defining or declaring it anywhere else (I can duplicate this error with a single file). Ultimately, I can't make this bit of code actually cause a problem, save for the fact that, if I change a value and re-compile the consumer without re-compiling the shared library, the consumer passes the new values and the shared library has no idea what to do with them (although I wouldn't expect that to work in the first place). Am I being way too pedantic? Can this be safely ignored? I suspect so, but at the same time, having this error prevents me from compiling with Werror, which makes me uncomfortable. I would really like to see this problem go away.

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  • Create System.Data.Linq.Table in Code for Testing

    - by S. DePouw
    I have an adapter class for Linq-to-Sql: public interface IAdapter : IDisposable { Table<Data.User> Activities { get; } } Data.User is an object defined by Linq-to-Sql pointing to the User table in persistence. The implementation for this is as follows: public class Adapter : IAdapter { private readonly SecretDataContext _context = new SecretDataContext(); public void Dispose() { _context.Dispose(); } public Table<Data.User> Users { get { return _context.Users; } } } This makes mocking the persistence layer easy in unit testing, as I can just return whatever collection of data I want for Users (Rhino.Mocks): Expect.Call(_adapter.Users).Return(users); The problem is that I cannot create the object 'users' since the constructors are not accessible and the class Table is sealed. One option I tried is to just make IAdapter return IEnumerable or IQueryable, but the problem there is that I then do not have access to the methods ITable provides (e.g. InsertOnSubmit()). Is there a way I can create the fake Table in the unit test scenario so that I may be a happy TDD developer?

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  • JPA merge fails due to duplicate key

    - by wobblycogs
    I have a simple entity, Code, that I need to persist to a MySQL database. public class Code implements Serializable { @Id private String key; private String description; ...getters and setters... } The user supplies a file full of key, description pairs which I read, convert to Code objects and then insert in a single transaction using em.merge(code). The file will generally have duplicate entries which I deal with by first adding them to a map keyed on the key field as I read them in. A problem arises though when keys differ only by case (for example: XYZ and XyZ). My map will, of course, contain both entries but during the merge process MySQL sees the two keys as being the same and the call to merge fails with a MySQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException. I could easily fix this by uppercasing the keys as I read them in but I'd like to understand exactly what is going wrong. The conclusion I have come to is that JPA considers XYZ and XyZ to be different keys but MySQL considers them to be the same. As such when JPA checks its list of known keys (or does whatever it does to determine whether it needs to perform an insert or update) it fails to find the previous insert and issuing another which then fails. Is this corrent? Is there anyway round this other than better filtering the client data? I haven't defined .equals or .hashCode on the Code class so perhaps this is the problem.

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  • How to avoid XCode framework weak-linking problems?

    - by Frank R.
    Hi, I'm building an application that takes advantage of Mac OS X 10.6-only technologies, but without giving up backwards compatibility to 10.5 Leopard. The way I do this is by setting the 10.6 SDK as the base SDK, weak-linking all frameworks and setting the deployment target to 10.5 as described in: http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/DOCUMENTATION/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFrameworks/Concepts/WeakLinking.html This works fine; before making a call that is Snow Leopard-only I need to check that the selector or indeed the class actually exist. Or I can just check the OS version before making the call. The problem is that this is incredibly fragile. If I make a single call that is 10.6 only I blow Leopard-compatibility. So using even the normal code code completion feature can be dangerous. My question: is there any way of checking which calls are not defined on 10.5 before doing a release build? Some kind of static analysis, or even just a trick (a target set the other SDK?) would do. I obviously should test on a Leopard machine before releasing anything, but even so I can't possibly go through all paths of the program before every release. Any advice would be appreciated. Best regards, Frank

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  • C# Random Number Generator getting stuck in a cycle

    - by Jean Azzopardi
    Hi, I am using .NET to create an artificial life program and I am using C#'s pseudo random class defined in a Singleton. The idea is that if I use the same random number generator throughout the application, I could merely save the seed and then reload from the seed to recompute a certain interesting run. public sealed class RandomNumberGenerator : Random { private static readonly RandomNumberGenerator instance = new RandomNumberGenerator(); RandomNumberGenerator() { } public static RandomNumberGenerator Instance { get { return instance; } } } I also wanted a method that could give me two different random numbers. public static Tuple<int, int> TwoDifferentRandomNumbers(this Random rnd, int minValue, int maxValue) { if (minValue >= maxValue) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("maxValue", "maxValue must be greater than minValue"); if (minValue + 1 == maxValue) return Tuple.Create<int, int>(minValue, maxValue); int rnd1 = rnd.Next(minValue, maxValue); int rnd2 = rnd.Next(minValue, maxValue); while (rnd1 == rnd2) { rnd2 = rnd.Next(minValue, maxValue); } return Tuple.Create<int, int>(rnd1, rnd2); } The problem is that sometimes rnd.Next(minValue,maxValuealways returns minValue. If I breakpoint at this point and try creating a double and setting it to rnd.NextDouble(), it returns 0.0. Anyone know why this is happening? I know that it is a pseudo random number generator, but frankly, I hadn't expected it to lock at 0. The random number generator is being accessed from multiple threads... could this be the source of the problem?

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  • How to use iPhone SDK Private APIs

    - by eagle
    I haven't found a comprehensive list of the steps that are required to use a private API from the iPhone Library. In particular, I would like to know how to get header files, if they are even required, how to get it to compile (when I simply add the header, it complains that the functions aren't defined), and what resources one can use to learn about private APIs (e.g. from other user's experiences, such as http://iphonedevwiki.net/ which has a few). I've read in other places that people recommend using class-dump to get the headers. Are there any alternative methods? I've noticed that there are some repositories of iPhone Private SDKs, what are the most up to date resources you would recommend? Most of the previous questions about documentation of private APIs, have all linked to Erica Sadun's website, which doesn't seem to have documentation anymore (all the links on the left are crossed out). Please save the comments about not using private API's... I know of the biggest risks: App will get rejected by Apple. App will break in future updates to the OS. I'm talking about legitimate uses, such as: Private application use (e.g. for unit testing, or messing around to see what's possible)

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  • WCF MessageHeaders in OperationContext.Current

    - by Nate Bross
    If I use code like this [just below] to add Message Headers to my OperationContext, will all future out-going messages contain that data on any new ClientProxy defined from the same "run" of my application? The objective, is to pass a parameter or two to each OpeartionContract w/out messing with the signature of the OperationContract, since the parameters being passed will be consistant for all requests for a given run of my client application. public void DoSomeStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); proxy.DoOperation(...); } public void DoSomeOTHERStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); proxy.DoOtherOperation(...); } In other words, is it safe to refactor the above code like this? bool isSetup = false; public void SetupMessageHeader() { if(isSetup) { return; } Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); isSetup = true; } public void DoSomeStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); SetupMessageHeader(); proxy.DoOperation(...); } public void DoSomeOTHERStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); SetupMessageHeader(); proxy.DoOtherOperation(...); } Since I don't really understand what's happening there, I don't want to cargo cult it and just change it and let it fly if it works, I'd like to hear your thoughts on if it is OK or not.

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  • SSIS Intermittent variable error: The system cannot find the file specified

    - by Ben
    Our SSIS pacakges a structured as one Control package and many child packages (about 30) that are invoked from the control package. The child packages are invoked with Execute Package Task. There is one Execute Package Task per child package. Each Execute Package Task uses File Connection Manager to specify path to the child package dtsx file. There is one File Connection Manager per child package. Each File Connection Manager has an expression defined for ConnectionString property. This expression looks like this: @[Template::FolderPackages]+"MyPackage.dtsx", the file name is different for each package. The variable (FolderPackages) is specified in the SSIS package configuration file. The error that is generated during run time is "Error 0x80070002 while loading package file "MyPackage.dtsx". The system cannot find the file specified." The package that fails is different from run to run and sometimes no packages fail at all. This is when run on exactly the same environment/data etc. I ran FileMon during this error and found out that when the error happens SSIS tries to read the dtsx file from a wrong place, namely from system32. I checked that this is identical to what would happen if @[Template::FolderPackages] variable were empty, but because the very same variable is used for every child package and works for some but doesn't work sometimes for others, I have no expalnation to this fact. Anything obvious, or time to raise a support call with Microsoft?

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  • Possible to create an implicit cast for an anonymous type to a dictionary?

    - by Ralph
    I wrote a method like this: using AttrDict = System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, object>; using IAttrDict = System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<System.Collections.Generic.KeyValuePair<string, object>>; static string HtmlTag(string tagName, string content = null, IAttrDict attrs = null) { var sb = new StringBuilder("<"); sb.Append(tagName); if(attrs != null) foreach (var attr in attrs) sb.AppendFormat(" {0}=\"{1}\"", attr.Key, attr.Value.ToString().EscapeQuotes()); if (content != null) sb.AppendFormat(">{0}</{1}>", content, tagName); else sb.Append(" />"); return sb.ToString(); } Which you can call like HtmlTag("div", "hello world", new AttrDict{{"class","green"}}); Not too bad. But what if I wanted to allow users to pass an anonymous type in place of the dict? Like HtmlTag("div", "hello world", new {@class="green"}); Even better! I could write the overload easily, but the problem is I'm going to have about 50 functions like this, I don't want to overload each one of them. I was hoping I could just write an implicit cast to do the work for me... public class AttrDict : Dictionary<string, object> { public static implicit operator AttrDict(object obj) { // conversion from anonymous type to AttrDict here } } But C# simply won't allow it: user-defined conversions to or from a base class are not allowed So what can I do?

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  • Rails - difference between config.cache_store and config.action_controller.cache_store?

    - by gsmendoza
    If I set this in my environment config.action_controller.cache_store = :mem_cache_store ActionController::Base.cache_store will use a memcached store but Rails.cache will use a memory store instead: $ ./script/console >> ActionController::Base.cache_store => #<ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore:0xb6eb4bbc @data=<MemCache: 1 servers, ns: nil, ro: false>> >> Rails.cache => #<ActiveSupport::Cache::MemoryStore:0xb78b5e54 @data={}> In my app, I use Rails.cache.fetch(key){ object } to cache objects inside my helpers. All this time, I assumed that Rails.cache uses the memcached store so I'm surprised that it uses memory store. If I change the cache_store setting in my environment to config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store both ActionController::Base.cache_store and Rails.cache will now use the same memory store, which is what I expect: $ ./script/console >> ActionController::Base.cache_store => #<ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore:0xb7b8e928 @data=<MemCache: 1 servers, ns: nil, ro: false>, @middleware=#<Class:0xb7b73d44>, @thread_local_key=:active_support_cache_mem_cache_store_local_cache> >> Rails.cache => #<ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore:0xb7b8e928 @data=<MemCache: 1 servers, ns: nil, ro: false>, @middleware=#<Class:0xb7b73d44>, @thread_local_key=:active_support_cache_mem_cache_store_local_cache> However, when I run the app, I get a "marshal dump" error in the line where I call Rails.cache.fetch(key){ object } no marshal_dump is defined for class Proc Extracted source (around line #1): 1: Rails.cache.fetch(fragment_cache_key(...), :expires_in => 15.minutes) { ... } vendor/gems/memcache-client-1.8.1/lib/memcache.rb:359:in 'dump' vendor/gems/memcache-client-1.8.1/lib/memcache.rb:359:in 'set_without_newrelic_trace' What gives? Is Rails.cache meant to be a memory store? Should I call controller.cache_store.fetch in the places where I call Rails.cache.fetch?

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  • how to use units along function parameter values in Mathematica

    - by niko
    I would like to pass the parameter values in meters or kilometers (both possible) and get the result in meters/second. I've tried to do this in the following example: u = 3.986*10^14 Meter^3/Second^2; v[r_, a_] := Sqrt[u (2/r - 1/a)]; Convert[r, Meter]; Convert[a, Meter]; If I try to use the defined function and conversion: a = 24503 Kilo Meter; s = 10198.5 Meter/Second; r = 6620 Kilo Meter; Solve[v[r, x] == s, x] The function returns the following: {x -> (3310. Kilo Meter^3)/(Meter^2 - 0.000863701 Kilo Meter^2)} which is not the user-friendly format. Anyway I would like to define a and r in meters or kilometers and get the result s in meters/second (Meter/Second). I would be very thankful if anyone of you could correct the given function definition and other statements in order to get the wanted result.

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  • Subset a data.frame by list and apply function on each part, by rows

    - by aL3xa
    This may seem as a typical plyr problem, but I have something different in mind. Here's the function that I want to optimize (skip the for loop). # dummy data set.seed(1985) lst <- list(a=1:10, b=11:15, c=16:20) m <- matrix(round(runif(200, 1, 7)), 10) m <- as.data.frame(m) dfsub <- function(dt, lst, fun) { # check whether dt is `data.frame` stopifnot (is.data.frame(dt)) # check if vectors in lst are "whole" / integer # vector elements should be column indexes is.wholenumber <- function(x, tol = .Machine$double.eps^0.5) abs(x - round(x)) < tol # fall if any non-integers in list idx <- rapply(lst, is.wholenumber) stopifnot(idx) # check for list length stopifnot(ncol(dt) == length(idx)) # subset the data subs <- list() for (i in 1:length(lst)) { # apply function on each part, by row subs[[i]] <- apply(dt[ , lst[[i]]], 1, fun) } # preserve names names(subs) <- names(lst) # convert to data.frame subs <- as.data.frame(subs) # guess what =) return(subs) } And now a short demonstration... actually, I'm about to explain what I primarily intended to do. I wanted to subset a data.frame by vectors gathered in list object. Since this is a part of code from a function that accompanies data manipulation in psychological research, you can consider m as a results from personality questionnaire (10 subjects, 20 vars). Vectors in list hold column indexes that define questionnaire subscales (e.g. personality traits). Each subscale is defined by several items (columns in data.frame). If we presuppose that the score on each subscale is nothing more than sum (or some other function) of row values (results on that part of questionnaire for each subject), you could run: > dfsub(m, lst, sum) a b c 1 46 20 24 2 41 24 21 3 41 13 12 4 37 14 18 5 57 18 25 6 27 18 18 7 28 17 20 8 31 18 23 9 38 14 15 10 41 14 22 I took a glance at this function and I must admit that this little loop isn't spoiling the code at all... BUT, if there's an easier/efficient way of doing this, please, let me know!

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  • No coverage for runtime with Devel::Cover and ModPerl::Registry

    - by codeholic
    When I'm running Devel::Cover with ModPerl::Registry, I get no coverage info except for BEGIN blocks. When I'm running the same script with Devel::Cover from command line or as a CGI, everything works alright (obviously). How can I make Devel::Cover "see" my code being executed in the runtime? Here's Devel::Cover related stuff in my httpd.conf: MaxClients 1 PerlSetEnv DEVEL_COVER_OPTIONS -db,/tmp/cover_db,silent,1 PerlRequire /var/www/project/startup.pl Here's startup.pl: #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use Apache2::Directive (); use File::Basename (); use File::Find (); BEGIN { # Devel::Cover database must be writable by worker processes my $conftree = Apache2::Directive::conftree->as_hash; my $name = $conftree->{User} or die "couldn't find user in Apache config"; print "user=$name\n"; my $uid = getpwnam($name); defined $uid or die "couldn't determine uid by name"; no warnings 'redefine'; local $> = $uid; require Devel::Cover; my $old_report = \&Devel::Cover::report; *Devel::Cover::report = sub { local $> = $uid; $old_report->(@_) }; Devel::Cover->import; } 1; (As you may see, I made a monkey patch for Devel::Cover since startup.pl is being run by root, but worker processes run under a different user, and otherwise they couldn't read directories created by startup.pl. If you know a better solution, make a note, please.)

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  • Fitting Gaussian KDE in numpy/scipy in Python

    - by user248237
    I am fitting a Gaussian kernel density estimator to a variable that is the difference of two vectors, called "diff", as follows: gaussian_kde_covfact(diff, smoothing_param) -- where gaussian_kde_covfact is defined as: class gaussian_kde_covfact(stats.gaussian_kde): def __init__(self, dataset, covfact = 'scotts'): self.covfact = covfact scipy.stats.gaussian_kde.__init__(self, dataset) def _compute_covariance_(self): '''not used''' self.inv_cov = np.linalg.inv(self.covariance) self._norm_factor = sqrt(np.linalg.det(2*np.pi*self.covariance)) * self.n def covariance_factor(self): if self.covfact in ['sc', 'scotts']: return self.scotts_factor() if self.covfact in ['si', 'silverman']: return self.silverman_factor() elif self.covfact: return float(self.covfact) else: raise ValueError, \ 'covariance factor has to be scotts, silverman or a number' def reset_covfact(self, covfact): self.covfact = covfact self.covariance_factor() self._compute_covariance() This works, but there is an edge case where the diff is a vector of all 0s. In that case, I get the error: File "/srv/pkg/python/python-packages/python26/scipy/scipy-0.7.1/lib/python2.6/site-packages/scipy/stats/kde.py", line 334, in _compute_covariance self.inv_cov = linalg.inv(self.covariance) File "/srv/pkg/python/python-packages/python26/scipy/scipy-0.7.1/lib/python2.6/site-packages/scipy/linalg/basic.py", line 382, in inv if info>0: raise LinAlgError, "singular matrix" numpy.linalg.linalg.LinAlgError: singular matrix What's a way to get around this? In this case, I'd like it to return a density that's essentially peaked completely at a difference of 0, with no mass everywhere else. thanks.

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  • iPhone JSON object releasing itself?

    - by MidnightLightning
    I'm using the JSON Framework addon for iPhone's Objective-C to catch a JSON object that's an array of Dictionary-style objects via HTTP. Here's my connectionDidFinishLoading function: - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { [connection release]; NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; [loadingIndicator stopAnimating]; NSArray *responseArray = [responseString JSONValue]; // Grab the JSON array of dictionaries NSLog(@"Response Array: %@", responseArray); if ([responseArray respondsToSelector:@selector(count)]) { NSLog(@"Returned %@ items", [responseArray count]); } [responseArray release]; [responseString release]; } The issue is that the code is throwing a EXC_BAD_ACCESS error on the second NSLog line. The EXC_BAD_ACCESS error I think indicates that the variable got released from memory, but the first NSLog command works just fine (and shows that the data is all there); it seems that only when calling the count message is causing the error, but the respondsToSelector call at least thinks that the responseArray should be able to respond to that message. When running with the debugger, it crashes on that second line, but the stack shows that the responseArray object is still defined, and has 12 objects in it (so the debugger at least is able to get an accurate count of the contents of that variable). Is this a problem with the JSON framework's creation of that NSArray, or is there something wrong with my code?

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