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• Avoiding DNS timeouts when a dns server fails

  - by user65124

  Hi there. We have a small datacenter with about a hundred hosts pointing to 3 internal dns servers (bind 9). Our problem comes when one of the internal dns servers becomes unavailable. At that point all the clients that point to that server start performing very slowly. The problem seems to be that the stock linux resolver doesn't really have the concept of "failing over" to a different dns server. You can adjust the timeout and number of retries it uses, (and set rotate so it will work through the list), but no matter what settings one uses our services perform much more slowly if a primary dns server becomes unavailable. At the moment this is one of the largest sources of service disruptions for us. My ideal answer would be something like "RTFM: tweak /etc/resolv.conf like this...", but if that's an option I haven't seen it. I was wondering how other folks handled this issue? I can see 3 possible types of solutions: Use linux-ha/Pacemaker and failover ips (so the dns IP VIPs are "always" available). Alas, we don't have a good fencing infrastructure, and without fencing pacemaker doesn't work very well (in my experience Pacemaker lowers availability without fencing). Run a local dns server on each node, and have resolv.conf point to localhost. This would work, but it would give us a lot more services to monitor and manage. Run a local cache on each node. Folks seem to consider nscd "broken", but dnrd seems to have the right feature set: it marks dns servers as up or down, and won't use 'down' dns servers. Any-casting seems to work only at the ip routing level, and depends on route updates for server failure. Multi-casting seemed like it would be a perfect answer, but bind does not support broadcasting or multi-casting, and the docs I could find seem to suggest that multicast dns is more aimed at service discovery and auto-configuration rather than regular dns resolving. Am I missing an obvious solution?

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• How can I create blog post functionality without Wordpress or Drupal?

  - by Ali

  I'm currently learning Python (as a beginner in programming). I go through each chapter learning basics. I haven't gotten far enough to understand how CMS works. I eventually want a blog that doesn't depend on Wordpress or Drupal. I would like to develop it myself as my skills progress. My immediate curiosity is on blog posts. What is the component called that will allow me to make a daily post on my blog? There must be a technical term for this function. I would like to learn how to make one, but don't even know what to research. Everything I research points me to Wordpress or Drupal. I would like to create my own. Thanks in advance! Ali

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• Getting SMB file shares working over a PPTP VPN

  - by Ben Scott

  I'm having issues getting SMB file shares working over a PPTP VPN. The server setup consists of a security device (DrayTek V3300) which passes the PPTP authentication to a SBS2003 server running RRAS. The server is the DC and provides DNS and WINS, the single NIC's name server is set to the NIC's IP (192.168...), and DHCP on the DrayTek sets the server IP as the DNS. If I create a new VPN connection in Win7, leaving everything as default apart from the server, username, password and domain, I can: ping everything by IP address resolve IPs with nslookup using their fully-qualified name, as in nslookup fileserver.mydomain.local ping machines by fully-qualified name, as in ping fileserver.mydomain.local However if I try to access a file share: within Explorer, I get "Windows cannot access ..." with "Error code: 0x80004005 Unspecified Error", using net use z: \\fileserver.mydomain.local\share, I get "System error 53 has occurred. The network path was not found." If I add the machine name to my HOSTS file I can use the file share, which is my last-ditch workaround, but I have a number of VPN users and would rather a solution that doesn't involve me trying to hand-edit system files on computers half a country away. If I set the WINS server explicitly in the connection's IPv4 settings I don't have to use the FQN to ping the machine, but that doesn't change anything else. EDIT: The PC I'm having the issue on is running Win 7 Home Premium. After more testing I actually have two other PCs that work, one W7HP, one XP Home, and another Vista PC that doesn't work (not tested as much as the others), all four on the same internet connection (behind the same router). All of them were tested with a straight-forward, all defaults, new VPN configuration.

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• Tracking My Internet Provider Speeds

  - by Scott Weinstein

  Of late, our broadband internet has been feeling sluggish. A call to the company took way more hold-time than I wanted to spend, and it only fixed the problem for a short while. Thus a perfect opportunity to play with some new tech to solve a problem, in this case, documenting a systemic issue from a service provider. The goal – a log a internet speeds, taken say every 15 min. Recording ping time, upload speed, download speed, and local LAN usage.   The solution A WCF service to measure speeds Internet speed was measured via speedtest.net LAN usage was measured by querying my router for packets received and sent A SQL express instance to persist the data A PowerShell script to invoke the WCF service – launched by Windows’ Task Scheduler An OData WCF Data Service to allow me to read the data MS PowerPivot to show a nice viz (scratch that, the beta expired) LinqPad to get the data, export it to excel Tableau Public to show the viz     Powered by Tableau

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• Analyze your IIS Log Files - Favorite Log Parser Queries

  The other day I was asked if I knew about a tool that would allow users to easily analyze the IIS Log Files, to process and look for specific data that could easily be automated. My recommendation was that if they were comfortable with using a SQL-like language that they should use Log Parser. Log Parser is a very powerful tool that provides a generic SQL-like language on top of many types of data like IIS Logs, Event Viewer entries, XML files, CSV files, File System and others; and it allows you...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• NetApp FAS 2040 LDAP Win2k8R2

  - by it_stuck

  I am trying to get my FAS2040 to action user lookups using LDAP, below is the filer configuration options: filer> options ldap ldap.ADdomain dc1.colour.domain.local ldap.base OU=Users,OU=something1,OU=something2,OU=darkside,DC=colour,DC=domain,DC=local ldap.base.group ldap.base.netgroup ldap.base.passwd ldap.enable on ldap.minimum_bind_level anonymous ldap.name domain-admin-account ldap.nssmap.attribute.gecos gecos ldap.nssmap.attribute.gidNumber gidNumber ldap.nssmap.attribute.groupname cn ldap.nssmap.attribute.homeDirectory homeDirectory ldap.nssmap.attribute.loginShell loginShell ldap.nssmap.attribute.memberNisNetgroup memberNisNetgroup ldap.nssmap.attribute.memberUid memberUid ldap.nssmap.attribute.netgroupname cn ldap.nssmap.attribute.nisNetgroupTriple nisNetgroupTriple ldap.nssmap.attribute.uid uid ldap.nssmap.attribute.uidNumber uidNumber ldap.nssmap.attribute.userPassword userPassword ldap.nssmap.objectClass.nisNetgroup nisNetgroup ldap.nssmap.objectClass.posixAccount posixAccount ldap.nssmap.objectClass.posixGroup posixGroup ldap.passwd ****** ldap.port 389 ldap.servers ldap.servers.preferred ldap.ssl.enable off ldap.timeout 20 ldap.usermap.attribute.unixaccount unixaccount ldap.usermap.attribute.windowsaccount sAMAccountName ldap.usermap.base ldap.usermap.enable on output of nsswitch.conf: hosts: files dns passwd: ldap files netgroup: ldap files group: ldap files shadow: files nis Error Message(s): [filer: auth.ldap.trace.LDAPConnection.statusMsg:info]: AUTH: TraceLDAPServer- Starting AD LDAP server address discovery for dc1.colour.domain.LOCAL. [filer: auth.ldap.trace.LDAPConnection.statusMsg:info]: AUTH: TraceLDAPServer- Found no AD LDAP server addresses using DNS site query (site). [filer: auth.ldap.trace.LDAPConnection.statusMsg:info]: AUTH: TraceLDAPServer- Found no AD LDAP server addresses using generic DNS query. Could not get passwd entry for name = <random user> the filer can ping the FQDN of dc1 the filer can ping the IP of dc1 the filer cannot ping "dc1" I'm not sure where I'm going wrong, so any pointers would be great.

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• Debian Apache2 and SSL

  - by Topher Fangio

  Hello all, I recently took over a server that is using Apache2 with SSL. I have setup a new server to which I am migrating all of the old websites so that we can more easily scale (it's a cloud server) and so that I can set everything up correctly (or at least with some sort of convention). I have read quite a few articles on setting up Apache2 and SSL with virtual hosts, but I'm a bit confused because all of the examples show three files and I only seem to have two. To compound the problem, they are all named differently (do the file extensions actually make a difference?). The examples show something to this effect: <VirtualHost X.X.X.X:443> ServerAlias something.mydomain.com ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/project/client/site SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/mydomain-cert.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/mydomain-key.pem SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/mydomain-ca.crt </VirtualHost> However, the files I have are: _.mydomain.com.crt gd_bundle.crt It is a wildcard certificate that we purchased through GoDaddy I believe. I believe that the first file is the actual certificate file and the gd_bundle.crt is the chain file, but that leaves me without a key file. There is also a random mydomain.csr file lying around on the old server, but it wasn't one of the files bundled with the download from GoDaddy, so I'm not really sure as to what it is. Any help in figuring out what I need to do would be greatly appreciated. I am software developer, so I know my way around computers, but I have only dabbled in server setup/maintenance. Much Thanks!

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• iSCSI errors continue after removing inaccessible target portal

  - by Ansgar Wiechers

  By mistake I entered an iSCSI target portal address in the iSCSI Initiator on one of our virtual servers that does not have an address in the network range used for iSCSI. This caused the following errors/warnings to appear in the eventlog: Log Name: System Source: MSiSCSI Event ID: 113 Level: Warning Description: iSCSI discovery via SendTargets failed with error code 0xefff0003 to target portal *192.168.23.42 0003260 Root\ISCSIPRT\0000_0 . Log Name: System Source: iScsiPrt Event ID: 1 Level: Error Description: Initiator failed to connect to the target. Target IP address and TCP Port number are given in dump data. Log Name: System Source: iScsiPrt Event ID: 70 Level: Error Description: Error occurred when processing iSCSI logon request. The request was not retried. Error status is given in the dump data. So far that's expected beahvior, so I removed the portal from the iSCSI Initiator as described in MSKB 976072. However, the errors/warnings keep appearing every hour, even though neither iSCSI Initiator GUI nor iscscli show any portals: C:\>iscsicli ListTargetPortals Microsoft iSCSI Initiator Version 6.1 Build 7601 The operation completed successfully. The problem persists after rebooting the server. Uninstalling the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator device via devmgmt.msc as well as changing the Initiator parameters like this: [HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4D36E97B-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}] "MaxPendingRequests"=dword:00000001 "MaxConnectionRetries"=dword:00000001 "MaxRequestHoldTime"=dword:00000005 didn't help either. Each change was followed by a reboot. Disabling the device does prevent the errors/warnings from re-appearing, of course, but I'd rather not have to resort to this. How can I prevent those errors and warnings from appearing (short of disabling the initiator device or re-installing the server)? What am I missing? Environment: The virtual machine runs on a Hyper-V cluster managed by SCVMM 2012. Hosts and guests run Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1. The physical machines are Dell PowerEdge M710HD blades.

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• How can I get HTTPD to serve the html/php files and not list/index them when they are in folder for virtual host. Using Centos 6.0

  - by LaserBeak

  My virtual hosts are configured as below, initally I could not even get to the /public_html/ directory when typing example.com and apache would just serve me up the default welcome page, I would also get the error: Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /var/www/html/example.com/public_html/ in the log . After editing the welcome.conf page (- Index) so it does not show again when I now type example.com the/public_html/ contents (Index.php) are indexed in the browser. Where as I want it to actually execute and diplay the index.php page. vhost.conf , located in etc/httpd/vhost.d/ NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName localhost ServerAlias localhost.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/html/example.com/public_html/ ErrorLog /var/www/html/example.com/logs/error.log CustomLog /var/www/html/example.com/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName example.org ServerAlias www.example.org DocumentRoot /var/www/html/example.org/public_html/ ErrorLog /var/www/html/example.org/logs/error.log CustomLog /var/www/html/example.org/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> httpd.conf, settings on default, added onto end: Include /etc/httpd/vhosts.d/*.conf Root directories: DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

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• Integrating Twitter Into An ASP.NET Website Using OAuth

  Earlier this year I wrote an article about <a href="http://www.twitterizer.net/">Twitterizer</a>, an open-source .NET library that can be used to integrate your application with <a href="http://twitter.com/">Twitter</a>. Using Twitterizer you can allow your visitors to post tweets, view their timeline, and much more, all without leaving your website. The original article, <a href="http://www.4guysfromrolla.com/articles/021710-1.aspx">Integrating Twitter Into An ASP.NET Website</a>, showed how to post tweets and view a timeline to a particular Twitter account using Twitterizer 1.0. To post a tweet to a specific account, Twitterizer 1.0 uses <i>basic authentication</i>. Basic authentication is a very simple

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• Social Network Updates: While You Were Busy Marketing 2

  - by Mike Stiles

  Since social moves at the speed of data, it’s already time for another update, as we did back in April, on the changes the various social networks have made or gone through while you were busy marketing. Facebook There’s a lot of talk Facebook’s developing a mobile product to act like Flipboard and surface news, from both users and media outlets. The biggest news was Facebook/Instagram’s introduction of 15-second videos, enhanced with with filters, to take some of Vine’s candy. You can also delete parts of videos and rerecord them, and there’s image stabilization. Facebook’s ad revenue is coming along just fine, thank you very much. 35% quarter-to-quarter growth in Q2. And it looks like new formats like Mobile App Install Ads and Unpublished Page Posts are adding to the mix. If you don’t already, you’ll soon see a little camera in comment boxes letting you insert photos right into the comments you make. The drive toward “more visual” continues. The other big news is Facebook’s adoption of our Twitter friend, the hashtag. Adding # sets apart the post topic so it can be easily found or discovered. It’s also being added to Google Plus, Tumblr, and Pinterest. Twitter Want to send someone a promoted tweet when they’re in range of your store? That could be happening by the end of this year. Some users have been seeing automatic in-stream previews of images on Twitter.com. Right now it’s images in your own tweets, but we can assume all tweets are next. Get your followers organized! Twitter raised the limit on the number of lists you can create from 20 to 1,000. They also raised the number of accounts you can have in a list from 500 to 5,000. Twitter started notifying you when someone favorites a tweet you’re mentioned in or re-tweets a tweet you re-tweeted. Anyway, it’s the first time Twitter’s notified you about indirect interactions like that. Who’s afraid of Instagram? A study shows 6-second Vine videos are being posted to Twitter at the rate of 9/second, up from 5/second 2 months ago. Vine has over 13 million users and branded Vines are 4x more likely to be shared than video ads. Google Plus Now featuring a 3-column redesigned stream, and images that take up a whole column. And photo filters Auto Highlight and Auto Awesome work to turn your photos into a real show. Google Hangouts is the workhorse for all Google messaging now, it’s not just an online chat with 9 people anymore. Google Plus Dashboard improves the connection between your company’s Google Plus business page and your Google Plus Local. Updates go out across all Google properties and you can do your managing from the dashboard. With Google Plus’ authorship system, you can build “Author Rank” based on what you write and put on the web. If your stuff is +1’ed and shared a lot, you’re the real deal and there are search result benefits. LinkedIn "Who's Viewed Your Updates" shows you what you’ve shared recently, who saw it and what they did about it in real-time. “Influencers” is, well, influential. Traffic to all LI news products has gone up 8x since it was introduced. LinkedIn is quickly figuring out how to get users to stick around awhile. You and your brand can post images and documents in status updates now. In fact, that whole “document posting” thing is making some analysts wonder if LinkedIn will drift on over to the Dropboxes and YouSendIts of the world. C’mon, admit it. Your favorite part of LinkedIn is being able to see who’s viewed your profile. Now you’ve got even more info and can see what/who you have in common. Premium users get even deeper insights about how people are finding them. If you’re a big fan of security, you’ll love that LinkedIn started offering two-factor authentication (2FA). It’s optional, but step 2 is a one-time code texted to your registered mobile. Pinterest A study showed pins have a looong shelf life compared to other social net posts. “Clicks kept coming for 30 days and beyond.” Most pins are timeless, and the infinite scroll causes people to see older pins. Is it a keeper? Pinterest jumped 82% to 54 million users in the past year. It’s valued at $2.5 billion and is one of the biggest sources of referral traffic there is. That said, CEO Ben Silbermann adds, "Right now, we don't make money." A new search feature stops you from having to endlessly scroll through your own pins looking for that waterfall picture you posted. Simply select “just my pins” in the search bar. New "Rich Pins" lets brands add info like price and availability to pins that can be updated daily via a data feed from your merchant site. Not so fast, you have to apply to Pinterest for it first. Like other social nets, Pinterest does not allow sexual content, nudity, or even partial nudity. However…some art contains nudity, and Pinterest wants to allow art. What constitutes “art” will be judged by…what we have to assume are Pinterest employees who love their job. @mikestilesPhoto: stock.xchng, Tim Marmon

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• AuthnRequest Settings in OIF / SP

  - by Damien Carru

  In this article, I will list the various OIF/SP settings that affect how an AuthnRequest message is created in OIF in a Federation SSO flow. The AuthnRequest message is used by an SP to start a Federation SSO operation and to indicate to the IdP how the operation should be executed: How the user should be challenged at the IdP Whether or not the user should be challenged at the IdP, even if a session already exists at the IdP for this user Which NameID format should be requested in the SAML Assertion Which binding (Artifact or HTTP-POST) should be requested from the IdP to send the Assertion Which profile should be used by OIF/SP to send the AuthnRequest message Enjoy the reading! Protocols The SAML 2.0, SAML 1.1 and OpenID 2.0 protocols define different message elements and rules that allow an administrator to influence the Federation SSO flows in different manners, when the SP triggers an SSO operation: SAML 2.0 allows extensive customization via the AuthnRequest message SAML 1.1 does not allow any customization, since the specifications do not define an authentication request message OpenID 2.0 allows for some customization, mainly via the OpenID 2.0 extensions such as PAPE or UI SAML 2.0 OIF/SP allows the customization of the SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest message for the following elements: ForceAuthn: Boolean indicating whether or not the IdP should force the user for re-authentication, even if the user has still a valid session By default set to false IsPassive Boolean indicating whether or not the IdP is allowed to interact with the user as part of the Federation SSO operation. If false, the Federation SSO operation might result in a failure with the NoPassive error code, because the IdP will not have been able to identify the user By default set to false RequestedAuthnContext Element indicating how the user should be challenged at the IdP If the SP requests a Federation Authentication Method unknown to the IdP or for which the IdP is not configured, then the Federation SSO flow will result in a failure with the NoAuthnContext error code By default missing NameIDPolicy Element indicating which NameID format the IdP should include in the SAML Assertion If the SP requests a NameID format unknown to the IdP or for which the IdP is not configured, then the Federation SSO flow will result in a failure with the InvalidNameIDPolicy error code If missing, the IdP will generally use the default NameID format configured for this SP partner at the IdP By default missing ProtocolBinding Element indicating which SAML binding should be used by the IdP to redirect the user to the SP with the SAML Assertion Set to Artifact or HTTP-POST By default set to HTTP-POST OIF/SP also allows the administrator to configure the server to: Set which binding should be used by OIF/SP to redirect the user to the IdP with the SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest message: Redirect or HTTP-POST By default set to Redirect Set which binding should be used by OIF/SP to redirect the user to the IdP during logout with SAML 2.0 Logout messages: Redirect or HTTP-POST By default set to Redirect SAML 1.1 The SAML 1.1 specifications do not define a message for the SP to send to the IdP when a Federation SSO operation is started. As such, there is no capability to configure OIF/SP on how to affect the start of the Federation SSO flow. OpenID 2.0 OpenID 2.0 defines several extensions that can be used by the SP/RP to affect how the Federation SSO operation will take place: OpenID request: mode: String indicating if the IdP/OP can visually interact with the user checkid_immediate does not allow the IdP/OP to interact with the user checkid_setup allows user interaction By default set to checkid_setup PAPE Extension: max_auth_age : Integer indicating in seconds the maximum amount of time since when the user authenticated at the IdP. If MaxAuthnAge is bigger that the time since when the user last authenticated at the IdP, then the user must be re-challenged. OIF/SP will set this attribute to 0 if the administrator configured ForceAuthn to true, otherwise this attribute won't be set Default missing preferred_auth_policies Contains a Federation Authentication Method Element indicating how the user should be challenged at the IdP By default missing Only specified in the OpenID request if the IdP/OP supports PAPE in XRDS, if OpenID discovery is used. UI Extension Popup mode Boolean indicating the popup mode is enabled for the Federation SSO By default missing Language Preference String containing the preferred language, set based on the browser's language preferences. By default missing Icon: Boolean indicating if the icon feature is enabled. In that case, the IdP/OP would look at the SP/RP XRDS to determine how to retrieve the icon By default missing Only specified in the OpenID request if the IdP/OP supports UI Extenstion in XRDS, if OpenID discovery is used. ForceAuthn and IsPassive WLST Command OIF/SP provides the WLST configureIdPAuthnRequest() command to set: ForceAuthn as a boolean: In a SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest, the ForceAuthn field will be set to true or false In an OpenID 2.0 request, if ForceAuthn in the configuration was set to true, then the max_auth_age field of the PAPE request will be set to 0, otherwise, max_auth_age won't be set IsPassive as a boolean: In a SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest, the IsPassive field will be set to true or false In an OpenID 2.0 request, if IsPassive in the configuration was set to true, then the mode field of the OpenID request will be set to checkid_immediate, otherwise set to checkid_setup Test In this test, OIF/SP is integrated with a remote SAML 2.0 IdP Partner, with the OOTB configuration. Based on this setup, when OIF/SP starts a Federation SSO flow, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>   <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> Let's configure OIF/SP for that IdP Partner, so that the SP will require the IdP to re-challenge the user, even if the user is already authenticated: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the configureIdPAuthnRequest() command:configureIdPAuthnRequest(partner="AcmeIdP", forceAuthn="true") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After the changes, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ForceAuthn="true" ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>   <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> To display or delete the ForceAuthn/IsPassive settings, perform the following operatons: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the configureIdPAuthnRequest() command: To display the ForceAuthn/IsPassive settings on the partnerconfigureIdPAuthnRequest(partner="AcmeIdP", displayOnly="true") To delete the ForceAuthn/IsPassive settings from the partnerconfigureIdPAuthnRequest(partner="AcmeIdP", delete="true") Exit the WLST environment:exit() Requested Fed Authn Method In my earlier "Fed Authentication Method Requests in OIF / SP" article, I discussed how OIF/SP could be configured to request a specific Federation Authentication Method from the IdP when starting a Federation SSO operation, by setting elements in the SSO request message. WLST Command The OIF WLST commands that can be used are: setIdPPartnerProfileRequestAuthnMethod() which will configure the requested Federation Authentication Method in a specific IdP Partner Profile, and accepts the following parameters: partnerProfile: name of the IdP Partner Profile authnMethod: the Federation Authentication Method to request displayOnly: an optional parameter indicating if the method should display the current requested Federation Authentication Method instead of setting it delete: an optional parameter indicating if the method should delete the current requested Federation Authentication Method instead of setting it setIdPPartnerRequestAuthnMethod() which will configure the specified IdP Partner entry with the requested Federation Authentication Method, and accepts the following parameters: partner: name of the IdP Partner authnMethod: the Federation Authentication Method to request displayOnly: an optional parameter indicating if the method should display the current requested Federation Authentication Method instead of setting it delete: an optional parameter indicating if the method should delete the current requested Federation Authentication Method instead of setting it This applies to SAML 2.0 and OpenID 2.0 protocols. See the "Fed Authentication Method Requests in OIF / SP" article for more information. Test In this test, OIF/SP is integrated with a remote SAML 2.0 IdP Partner, with the OOTB configuration. Based on this setup, when OIF/SP starts a Federation SSO flow, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>   <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> Let's configure OIF/SP for that IdP Partner, so that the SP will request the IdP to use a mechanism mapped to the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:X509 Federation Authentication Method to authenticate the user: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setIdPPartnerRequestAuthnMethod() command:setIdPPartnerRequestAuthnMethod("AcmeIdP", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:X509") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After the changes, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>   <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/>   <samlp:RequestedAuthnContext Comparison="minimum">      <saml:AuthnContextClassRef xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion">         urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:X509      </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>   </samlp:RequestedAuthnContext></samlp:AuthnRequest> NameID Format The SAML 2.0 protocol allows for the SP to request from the IdP a specific NameID format to be used when the Assertion is issued by the IdP. Note: SAML 1.1 and OpenID 2.0 do not provide such a mechanism Configuring OIF The administrator can configure OIF/SP to request a NameID format in the SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest via: The OAM Administration Console, in the IdP Partner entry The OIF WLST setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat() command that will modify the IdP Partner configuration OAM Administration Console To configure the requested NameID format via the OAM Administration Console, perform the following steps: Go to the OAM Administration Console: http(s)://oam-admin-host:oam-admin-port/oamconsole Navigate to Identity Federation -> Service Provider Administration Open the IdP Partner you wish to modify In the Authentication Request NameID Format dropdown box with one of the values None The NameID format will be set Default Email Address The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:emailAddress X.509 Subject The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:X509SubjectName Windows Name Qualifier The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:WindowsDomainQualifiedName Kerberos The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:kerberos Transient The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:transient Unspecified The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:unspecified Custom In this case, a field would appear allowing the administrator to indicate the custom NameID format to use The NameID format will be set to the specified format Persistent The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent I selected Email Address in this example Save WLST Command To configure the requested NameID format via the OIF WLST setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat() command, perform the following steps: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat() command:setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat("PARTNER", "FORMAT", customFormat="CUSTOM") Replace PARTNER with the IdP Partner name Replace FORMAT with one of the following: orafed-none The NameID format will be set Default orafed-emailaddress The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:emailAddress orafed-x509 The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:X509SubjectName orafed-windowsnamequalifier The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:WindowsDomainQualifiedName orafed-kerberos The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:kerberos orafed-transient The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:transient orafed-unspecified The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:unspecified orafed-custom In this case, a field would appear allowing the administrator to indicate the custom NameID format to use The NameID format will be set to the specified format orafed-persistent The NameID format will be set urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent customFormat will need to be set if the FORMAT is set to orafed-custom An example would be:setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat("AcmeIdP", "orafed-emailaddress") Exit the WLST environment:exit() Test In this test, OIF/SP is integrated with a remote SAML 2.0 IdP Partner, with the OOTB configuration. Based on this setup, when OIF/SP starts a Federation SSO flow, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer> <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> After the changes performed either via the OAM Administration Console or via the OIF WLST setIdPPartnerNameIDFormat() command where Email Address would be requested as the NameID Format, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ForceAuthn="false" IsPassive="false" ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer> <samlp:NameIDPolicy Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:emailAddress" AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> Protocol Binding The SAML 2.0 specifications define a way for the SP to request which binding should be used by the IdP to redirect the user to the SP with the SAML 2.0 Assertion: the ProtocolBinding attribute indicates the binding the IdP should use. It is set to: Either urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST for HTTP-POST Or urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:Artifact for Artifact The SAML 2.0 specifications also define different ways to redirect the user from the SP to the IdP with the SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest message, as the SP can send the message: Either via HTTP Redirect Or HTTP POST (Other bindings can theoretically be used such as Artifact, but these are not used in practice) Configuring OIF OIF can be configured: Via the OAM Administration Console or the OIF WLST configureSAMLBinding() command to set the Assertion Response binding to be used Via the OIF WLST configureSAMLBinding() command to indicate how the SAML AuthnRequest message should be sent Note: the binding for sending the SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest message will also be used to send the SAML 2.0 LogoutRequest and LogoutResponse messages. OAM Administration Console To configure the SSO Response/Assertion Binding via the OAM Administration Console, perform the following steps: Go to the OAM Administration Console: http(s)://oam-admin-host:oam-admin-port/oamconsole Navigate to Identity Federation -> Service Provider Administration Open the IdP Partner you wish to modify Check the "HTTP POST SSO Response Binding" box to request the IdP to return the SSO Response via HTTP POST, otherwise uncheck it to request artifact Save WLST Command To configure the SSO Response/Assertion Binding as well as the AuthnRequest Binding via the OIF WLST configureSAMLBinding() command, perform the following steps: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the configureSAMLBinding() command:configureSAMLBinding("PARTNER", "PARTNER_TYPE", binding, ssoResponseBinding="httppost") Replace PARTNER with the Partner name Replace PARTNER_TYPE with the Partner type (idp or sp) Replace binding with the binding to be used to send the AuthnRequest and LogoutRequest/LogoutResponse messages (should be httpredirect in most case; default) httppost for HTTP-POST binding httpredirect for HTTP-Redirect binding Specify optionally ssoResponseBinding to indicate how the SSO Assertion should be sent back httppost for HTTP-POST binding artifactfor for Artifact binding An example would be:configureSAMLBinding("AcmeIdP", "idp", "httpredirect", ssoResponseBinding="httppost") Exit the WLST environment:exit() Test In this test, OIF/SP is integrated with a remote SAML 2.0 IdP Partner, with the OOTB configuration which requests HTTP-POST from the IdP to send the SSO Assertion. Based on this setup, when OIF/SP starts a Federation SSO flow, the following SAML 2.0 AuthnRequest would be generated: <samlp:AuthnRequest ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" ID="id-E4BOT7lwbYK56lO57dBaqGUFq01WJSjAHiSR60Q4" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2014-04-01T21:39:14Z" Destination="https://acme.com/saml20/sso">   <saml:Issuer Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:entity">https://sp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>   <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true"/></samlp:AuthnRequest> In the next article, I will cover the various crypto configuration properties in OIF that are used to affect the Federation SSO exchanges.Cheers,Damien Carru

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• How to Access a Windows Desktop From Your Tablet or Phone

  - by Chris Hoffman

  iPads and Android tablets can’t run Windows apps locally, but they can access a Windows desktops remotely — even with a physical keyboard. In a pinch, the same tricks can be used to access a Windows desktop from a smartphone. Microsoft recently launched their own official Remote Desktop app for iOS and Android devices. Microsoft’s official apps are primarily useful for businesses — if you’re a typical home user, you’ll want to use a different remote desktop solution. Microsoft’s Remote Desktop App Microsoft now offers official Remote Desktop apps for iPad and iPhone as well as Android tablets and smartphones. The apps use Microsoft’s RDP protocol to connect to remote Windows systems. They’re essentially just new clients for the Remote Desktop feature that has been included in Windows for more than a decade. There are big problems with these apps if you’re an average home user. Microsoft’s Remote Desktop server is not available on standard or Home versions of Windows, only Professional and Enterprise editions. If you do have the appropriate edition of Windows, you’ll have to set up port-forwarding and a dynamic DNS service if you want to access your Windows desktop from outside your local network. You could also set up a VPN — either way you’ll need to do some footwork. This app is a gift to businesses who are already using Remote Desktop and enthusiasts who have the more expensive versions of Windows and don’t mind the configuration process. To set this up, follow our guide to setting up Remote Desktop for Internet access and connect using the Remote Desktop app instead of traditional Remote Desktop clients. TeamViewer If you have the standard edition of Windows or you just don’t want to mess around with port-forwarding and dynamic DNS configuration, you’ll want to skip Remote Desktop and use something else. We like TeamViewer for this. Just as it’s a great way to remotely troubleshoot your relatives’ computers, it’s also a great way to remotely access your own computer. It doesn’t have the same limitations Microsoft’s Remote Desktop system has — it’s completely free for personal use, runs on any edition of Windows, and is easy to set up. There’s no messing around with port-forwarding or dynamic DNS configuration. To get started, just download and run the TeamViewer program on your computer. You can get started with it immediately, but you’ll want to set up unattended access to connect remotely without using the codes displayed on your screen. To connect, just install the TeamViewer mobile app and log in with the details the TeamViewer window displays. TeamViewer also offers software that runs on Mac and Linux, so you can remote-control other types of computers from your tablet. Other Options Microsoft’s Remote Desktop app and TeamViewer aren’t the only options, of course. There are a variety of different apps and services built for this. Splashtop is another fairly popular remote desktop solution that some people report as being faster. Unfortunately, it’s not entirely free — the iPad and iPhone app costs $20 at regular price. To use it over the Internet, you’ll have to purchase an additional “Anywhere Access Pack.” If you’re frustrated with TeamViewer’s speed and you don’t mind spending money, you may want to try Splashtop instead. As always, you could use any VNC server along with a VNC client app. VNC is the do-it-yourself solution — it’s an open protocol. Unlike Microsoft’s RDP protocol, you can install a VNC server of your own, configure it how you like, and use any mobile VNC client app. This is more flexible because you can install a VNC server on any edition of Windows or even non-Windows operating systems, but it otherwise has all the same issues — you have to worry about port-forwarding, setting up dynamic DNS, and securing your VNC server. Keep an eye on Chrome Remote Desktop. Chrome already offers a built-in remote desktop feature that allows you to remotely control your PC from another Windows, Mac, Linux, or Chrome OS device. Google is rumored to be building an Android app for Chrome Remote Desktop, which would allow you to easily access a computer running Chrome from Android tablets. Google’s solution is much more user-friendly for average people than Microsoft’s Remote Desktop solution, which is clearly geared towards businesses. Chrome Remote Desktop just requires signing in with a Google account. Remote desktop solutions like Microsoft’s Remote Desktop app and TeamViewer are also available for Windows tablets. On Windows RT devices like the Surface RT and Surface 2, they allow you to use the full Windows desktop that’s unavailable on your tablet.     

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• wuinstall doesn't work with winrs

  - by wizard

  I've been having issues with psexec so I've been migrating to use winrs (part of the winrm system). It's a very nice remoting tool which is proving to be more reliable then psexec. Wuinstall is used to install available windows updates. The two however don't play well together. I'm working on a verity of windows servers 2003, 2008 and 2008r2. Wuinstall behaves the same across all hosts and behaves as expected if executed locally by the same user. Command: winrs -r:server wuinstall /download Produces WUInstall.exe Version 1.1 Copyright by hs2n Informationstechnologie GmbH 2009 Visit: http://www.xeox.com, http://www.hs2n.at for new versions Searching for updates ... Criteria: IsInstalled=0 and Type='Software' Result Code: Succeeded 7 Updates found, listing all: Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2544893) Security Update for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2518869) Security Update for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows S erver 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2539635) Security Update for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows S erver 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2572077) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2588516) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2620704) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2617657) Downloading updates ... Error occured: CreateUpdateDownloader failed! Result CODE: 0x80070005 Return code: 1 Googling "0x80070005" finds "unspecified error" which isn't helpful. Thoughts? Is there a better way?

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• DNS slow after losing DNS Server

  - by Tim

  We have set up a small Windows Server 2008 R2 network with a domain controller which is also acting as the DNS server for the network (we opted to install DNS when setting up the domain). This network isn't connected to the Internet in any way, so all machines have been configured to use the IP address of the domain controller as their primary DNS and no secondary DNS server has been configured. If we shut down or unplug the network cable from the domain controller, DNS lookups become quite slow and the performance of the network suffers. For example, running a ping command using a hostname takes around 5-6 seconds to resolve the name. I presume this is because it is looking for the DNS, then falling back to some other method of resolving the names as the DNS server is now gone. All the machines have static IP addresses so we are considering just putting all entries in the HOSTS file of each machine. However, it would be nice to have a centralised DNS in case we one day change the IP of one of the machines. Is there a better way to speed this up?

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• Taking advantage of Windows Azure CDN and Dynamic Pages in ASP.NET - Caching content from hosted services

  - by Shawn Cicoria

  With the updates to Windows Azure CDN announced this week [1] I wanted to help illustrate the capability with a working sample that will serve up dynamic content from an ASP.NET site hosted in a WebRole. First, to get a good overview of the capability you can read the Overview of the Windows Azure CDN [2] content on MSDN. When you setup the ability to cache content from a hosted service, the requirement is to provide a path to your role’s DNS endpoint that ends in the path “/cdn”.  Additionally, you then map CDN to that service. What WAZ CDN does, is allow you to then map that through the CDN to your host.  The CDN will then make a request to your host on your client’s behalf. The requirement is still that your client, and any Url’s that are to be serviced through the CDN and this capability have to use the CDN DNS name and not your host – no different than what CDN does for Blog storage. The following 2 URL’s are samples of how the client needs to issue the requests. Windows Azure hosted service URL: http: //myHostedService.cloudapp.net/cdn/music.aspx   - for regular “dynamic” content Windows Azure CDN URL: http: //<identifier>.vo.msecnd.net/music.aspx   - for CDN “cachable” content. The first URL path’s the request direct to your host into the Azure datacenter.  The 2nd URL paths the request through the CDN infrastructure, where CDN will make the determination to request the content on behalf of the client to the Azure datacenter and your host on the /cdn path. The big advantage here is you can apply logic to your content creation.  What’s important is emitting the CDN friendly headers that allow CDN to request and re-request only when you designate based upon it’s rules of “staleness” as described in the overview page. With IIS7.5 there is an underlying issue when the Managed Module “OutputCache” is enabled that in order to emit a good header for your content, you’ll need to remove, and in my sample, helps provide CDN friendly headers.  You get IIS 7.5 when running under OS Family “2” in your service configuration. By default, and when the OutputCache managed module is loaded, if you use the HttpResponse.CachePolicy to set the Http Headers for “max-age” when the HttpCacheability is “Public”, you will NOT get the “max-age” emitted as part of the “Cache-control:” header.  Instead, the OutputCache module will remove “max-age” and just emit “public”.  It works ok when Cacheability is set to “private”. To work around the issue and ensure your code as follows emits the full max-age along with the public option, you need to remove as follows: <system.webServer>   <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">     <remove name="OutputCache"/>   </modules> </system.webServer>   Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Public); Response.Cache.SetMaxAge(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(rv));   In the attached solution, the way I approached it was to have a VirtualApplication under the root site that has it’s own web.config  - this VirtualApplication is the /cdn of the site and when deployed to Azure as a Web Role will surface as a distinct IIS Application – along with a separate AppDomain. The CDN Sample is a simple Web Forms site that the /default landing page contains 3 IFrames to host: 1. Content direct from the host @   http://xxxx.cloudapp.net/cdn 2. Content via the CDN @ http://azxxx.vo.msecnd.net  3. Simple list of recent requests – showing where the request came from.   When you run the sample the first time you hit the page, both the Host and the CDN will cause 2 initial requests to hit the host.  You won’t see the first requests in the list because of timing – but if you refresh, you’ll see that the list will show that you have 2 requests initially. 1. sourced direct from the Browser to the HOST 2. sourced via the CDN The picture above shows the call-outs of each of those requests – green rows showing requests coming direct to the HOST, yellow showing the CDN request.  The IP addresses of the green items are direct from the client, where the CDN is from the CDN data center. As you refresh the page (hit Ctrl+F5 to force a full refresh and avoid “304 – not changed”) you’ll see that the request to the HOST get’s processed direct; but the request to the CDN endpoint is serviced direct from the CDN and doesn’t incur any additional request back to the HOST. The following is the Headers from the CDN response (Status-Line) HTTP/1.1 200 OK Age 13 Cache-Control public, max-age=300 Connection keep-alive Content-Length 6212 Content-Type image/jpeg; charset=utf-8 Date Fri, 11 Mar 2011 20:47:14 GMT Expires Fri, 11 Mar 2011 20:52:01 GMT Last-Modified Fri, 11 Mar 2011 20:47:02 GMT Server Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By ASP.NET   The following are the Headers from the HOST response (Status-Line) HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control public, max-age=300 Content-Length 6189 Content-Type image/jpeg; charset=utf-8 Date Fri, 11 Mar 2011 20:47:15 GMT Last-Modified Fri, 11 Mar 2011 20:47:02 GMT Server Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By ASP.NET   You can see that with the CDN request, the countdown (age) starts for aging the content. The full sample is located here: CDNSampleSite.zip [1] http://blogs.msdn.com/b/windowsazure/archive/2011/03/09/now-available-updated-windows-azure-sdk-and-windows-azure-management-portal.aspx [2] http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff919703.aspx

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• Print Any Document Type with AutoVue Document Print Services

  - by [email protected]

  The newly released AutoVue Document Print Services allow development organizations to automate and process high volume printing operations, of both business and technical document types, within their broader enterprise applications. For many organizations, their printing processes are challenged by the fact that they can only print a small subset of the documents required by their enterprise users. By integrating AutoVue Document Print Services, and deploying them in conjunction with their existing print server solutions, organizations can address that challenge and automate the printing of virtually any document type required in any business process, greatly extending the value of their print server solutions, and improving business processes and workforce productivity. For further details, check out the AutoVue Document Print Services datasheet.

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• NFS "Permission Denied" getting cached on NetApp Filer

  - by Christopher Karel

  We have a bunch of Linux boxes mounting NFS shares off a NetApp filer. From time to time, I will flub some part of the export configuration. Typo on one of the allowed hosts, incorrect IP address, etc, etc. No worries, this is usually done on a test system, or with brand new exports that aren't yet in production. However, I've found that once I've been denied permission to mount something from a Linux machine, the failure gets cached for as long as a day. I will correct the problem that was blocking the mount, re-export on the NetApp, and still not be able to mount the share. I'm pretty sure this caching is done at the NetApp side. It normally ages out after a day or so, but it really sucks having to wait until tomorrow to mount a share. I've tried exportfs -f on the NetApp, as well as dns flush. (I found both suggestions via Google) However, neither one works. I would sell my soul if someone could help out with a command/pagan ritual that would clear up this cache issue. --Christopher Karel

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• WordPress hack might affect more than your WordPress installation!

  - by Piet

  Just a quick note… If you’re managing WordPress installations, and haven’t heard about the recent WordPress hacks (http://wordpress.org/support/topic/307660) yet you probably just got back from holiday. There’s plenty of advice on fixing a hacked installation if you follow some of the links in the above post, so I’m not going to recite that here. However! While cleaning a WordPress installation that resides in a subdirectory of a modx cms I found that the modx index.php files were also infected. I searched for infected files using grep as follows: grep -R 'function gpc_' * If you’re on a shared hosting environment that doesn’t allow shell access: time to change your hosting provider. (mail me if you need recommendations)

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• Duplicate ping packages in Linux VirtualBox machine

  - by Darkmage

  i cant seem t figure out what is going on here. The Linux machine I am using is running as a VM on a Win7 machine using Virtual Box running as a service. If i ping the win7 Host i get ok result. root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 192.168.1.100 PING 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from 192.168.1.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=1.78 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=1.68 ms if i ping localhost im ok root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 localhost PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.255 ms 18 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.221 ms but if i ping gateway i get DUP packets root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 192.168.1.1 PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.27 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.46 ms (DUP!) 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=22.1 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=22.4 ms (DUP!) if i ping other machine on same LAN i stil get dups. pinging remote hosts also gives (DUP!) result root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 www.vg.no PING www.vg.no (195.88.55.16) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=1 ttl=245 time=10.0 ms 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=1 ttl=245 time=10.3 ms (DUP!) 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=2 ttl=245 time=10.3 ms 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=2 ttl=245 time=10.6 ms (DUP!)

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• APC fragmention woes on Apache AWS EC2 Small instance with WordPress and W3TC

  - by two7s_clash

  AWS EC2 Small instance, Apache 2 running WordPress and W3TC. Within an hour, my APC fragmentation hits 100%. My APC settings are: apc.enabled = 1 apc.shm_segments = 1 apc.shm_size = 100M apc.optimization = 0 apc.num_files_hint = 512 apc.user_entries_hint = 1024 apc.ttl = 7200 apc.user_ttl = 7200 apc.gc_ttl = 3600 apc.cache_by_default = 1 apc.use_request_time = 1 apc.filters = "apc\.php$" apc.mmap_file_mask = "/tmp/apc.XXXXXX" apc.slam_defense = 0 apc.file_update_protection = 2 apc.enable_cli = 0 apc.max_file_size = 2M apc.stat = 1 apc.write_lock = 1 apc.report_autofilter = 0 apc.include_once_override = 0 apc.rfc1867 = 0 apc.rfc1867_prefix = "upload_" apc.rfc1867_name = "APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS" apc.rfc1867_freq = 0 apc.localcache = 0 apc.localcache.size = 256M apc.coredump_unmap = 0 apc.stat_ctime = 0 apc.canonicalize = 1 apc.lazy_functions = 0 apc.lazy_classes = 0 /etc/php.d/apc.ini More poop can be seen here. Mostly cribed settings from here. The shm was meant to be whittled down from such a high value after some observation, but apparently such a large value isn't even high enough.... I found an similar question/answer here. I do have some virtual hosts setup, but they aren't being touched much at all. Having users logged into the admin panel of WP does make things worse, but that's certainly not the main culprit. The question asker seems to suggest that it turns out W3TC is probably causing the problem, which the plugin author seems to agree with, but there aren't any helpful details beyond that. Why is it causing the problem? Do I just take it for now and turn off object caching with APC? Is there nothing I can do? Does having it turned on without being used for object caching actually help anything? Would memcache be an ok substitute just for object caching here? Finally, maybe I just shouldn't worry so much about the fragmentation?

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• Apache log rotation: logrotate vs rotatelogs vs chronolog

  - by Enrico

  I have been researching log rotation for my server which hosts ~5 fairly high traffic sites. From what I can tell, my options are to use logrotate or to use piped logging with either rotatelogs or chronolog. logrotate requires a restart of apache and both SIGHUP and SIGUSR1 restarts are less than ideal on high traffic sites, because either you drop a bunch of connections or you need to delay compressing the old log until all child processes have died naturally. Also, downtime can be quite significant if compression is enabled. Would using logrotate - without compression and with graceful restart - and compressing old logs after the fact be the best way to minimize downtime? chronolog and rotatelogs sound promising, but are not well documented. I couldn't find examples of using either in combination with vhost specific logs. The chronolog website says, "when the expanded filename changes, the current file is closed and a new one opened". Is this globally? Or is that per AccessLog, CustomLog or ErrorLog directive? Is there a significant difference between chronolog and rotatelogs?

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• Abstraction: The War between solving the problem and a general solution.

  - by Bryan Harrington

  As a programmer, I find myself in the dilemma where I want make my program as abstract and as general as possible. Doing so usually would allow me to reuse my code and have a more general solution for a problem that might (or might not) come up again. Then this voice in my head says, just solve the problem dummy its that easy! Why spend more time than you have to? We all have indeed faced this question where Abstraction is on your right shoulder and Solve-it-stupid sits on the left. Which to listen to and how often? What is your strategy for this? Should you abstract everything?

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• How to Calibrate HP Laptop Battery

  - by batteryfast

  Calibrating the HP Laptop Battery This document pertains to HP Notebook PCs with Windows 7 and Vista. Calibrating the laptop battery Calibrating the battery means recharging the battery to its maximum capacity and resetting the battery gauge to display the level of charge accurately. The Windows system tray battery meter may not correctly display the battery charge level when a notebook is new or has not been used for a long period of time. If the battery gauge becomes inaccurate, use one of the methods below to calibrate the battery gauge reading. Calibrate the battery while PC is in use A calibration cycle requires that the battery be completely charged and then completely discharged. During the calibration cycle, the power management properties must be disabled to allow the battery to completely discharge.

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• How do I make my internal dns forward requests to a given server

  - by ankimal

  We have a DNS server internally that looks up IP addresses for all internal hosts and connects to root dns servers for all other domains (the rest of the internet). Here is my config options { listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;any; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query {192.168.1.0/24; 127.0.0.1; }; recursion yes; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; view “internal” { // What the home network will see match-clients { 127.0.0.1;any; }; match-destinations { 127.0.0.1;any; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "internal_zones.conf"; }; We need to tweak this to go to our ISPs dns, x.y.z.w instead of the root dns servers if the host cannot be resolved internally. Config: Fedora 10/Bind 9.5.2

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