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• Why use event listeners over function calls?

  - by Organiccat

  I've been studying event listeners lately and I think I've finally gotten them down. Basically, they are functions that are called on another object's method. My question is, why create an event listener when calling the function will work just fine? Example, I want to call player.display_health(), and when this is fired, the method player.get_health() should be fired and stored so that display_health() has access to it. Why should I use an event listener over simply calling the function? Even if display_health() were in another object, this still doesn't appear to be a problem to me. If you have another example that fits the usage better, please let me know. Perhaps particular languages don't benefit from it as much? (Javascript, PHP, ASP?)

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• How do you use Exslt.dyn (especially the 'evaluate' method) in Umbraco?

  - by jeffreypriebe

  I am trying to execute the string contained in an XSL variable. Umbraco has hooks for several Exslt pieces, but it seems the Exslt.dyn (Exslt.dynamic) is not one of them. How do you add it in? Acceptable methods (in order of preference: Writing your own XSLT extension (possibly using existing Umbraco code for Exslt Dynamic). Uploading the XSL from http://www.exslt.org/dyn/functions/evaluate/index.html into Umbraco. Modifying the Umbraco source to add it (possibly using existing Umbraco code for Exslt Dynamic). The reason I mention Exslt Dyanmic is because some Umbraco XSLT sources show a reference that I am assuming existing in some versions of Umbraco. I cannot find it in the source code, however. (Example: the XSL sources pasted in here: http://our.umbraco.org/projects/starter-kits/business-website-starter-pack/general-%28bugs,-feedback,-feature-requests%29/8085-Changing-the-first-day-to-fx-monday)

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• Must a Language that Implements Monads be Statically Typed?

  - by Morgan Cheng

  I am learning functional programming style. From this link http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/Going+Deep/Brian-Beckman-Dont-fear-the-Monads/, Brian Beckman gave a brilliant introduction about Monad. He mentioned that Monad is about composition of functions so as to address complexity. A Monad includes a unit function that transfers type T to an amplified type M(T); and a Bind function that, given function from T to M(U), transforms type M(T) to another type M(U). (U can be T, but is not necessarily). In my understanding, the language implementing monad should be type-checked statically. Otherwise, type errors cannot be found during compilation and "Complexity" is not controlled. Is my understanding correct?

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• P/Invoke or C++/CLI for wrapping a C library

  - by Ian G

  Have a moderate size (40-odd function) C API that needs to be called from a C# project. The functions logically break up to form a few classes that will be API presented to the rest of the project. Are there any objective reasons to prefer P/Invoke or C++/CLI for the interoperability underneath that API, in terms of robustness, maintainability, deployment, ...? The issues I could think of that might be, but aren't problematic are: C++/CLI will require an separate assembly, the P/Invoke classes can be in the main assembly. (We've already got multiple assemblies and there'll be the C dlls anyway so not a major issue). Performance doesn't seem differ noticeable between the two methods. Issues that I'm not sure about are: My feeling is C++/CLI will be easier to debug if there's inter-op problem, is this true? Language familiarity enough people know C# and C++ but knowledge of details of C++/CLI are rarer here. Anything else?

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• PHP - Frameworks, ORM, Encapsulation.

  - by Ian

  Programming languages/environments aside, are there many developers who are using a framework in PHP, ORM and still abide by encapsulation for the DAL/BLL? I'm managing a team of a few developers and am finding that most of the frameworks require me to do daily code inspection because my developers are using the built in ORM. Right now, I've been using a tool to generate the classes and CRUD myself, with an area for them to write additional queries/functions. What's been happening though, is they are creating vulnerabilities by not doing proper checks on data permission, or allowing the key fields to be manipulated in the form. Any suggestions, other than get a new team and a new language (I've seen Python/Ruby frameworks have the same issues).

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• is this a correct way to generate rsa keys?

  - by calccrypto

  is this code going to give me correct values for RSA keys (assuming that the other functions are correct)? im having trouble getting my program to decrypt properly, as in certain blocks are not decrypting properly this is in python: import random def keygen(bits): p = q = 3 while p == q: p = random.randint(2**(bits/2-2),2**(bits/2)) q = random.randint(2**(bits/2-2),2**(bits/2)) p += not(p&1) # changes the values from q += not(q&1) # even to odd while MillerRabin(p) == False: # checks for primality p -= 2 while MillerRabin(q) == False: q -= 2 n = p * q tot = (p-1) * (q-1) e = tot while gcd(tot,e) != 1: e = random.randint(3,tot-1) d = getd(tot,e) # gets the multiplicative inverse while d<0: # i can probably replace this with mod d = d + tot return e,d,n one set of keys generated: e = 3daf16a37799d3b2c951c9baab30ad2d d = 16873c0dd2825b2e8e6c2c68da3a5e25 n = dc2a732d64b83816a99448a2c2077ced

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• How do I get bison/flex to restart scanning after something like token substitution?

  - by chucknelson

  Is there a way to force bison and/or flex to restart scanning after I replace some token with something else? My particular example would be with replacement for a specific word/string. If I want a word of hello to be replaced by echo hello, how can I get flex or bison to replace hello and then start parsing again (to pick up 2 words instead of just one). So it would be like: Get token WORD (which is a string type) If hello, replace token value with echo hello Restart parsing entire input (which is now echo hello) Get token WORD (echo) Get token WORD (hello) I've seen very tempting functions like yyrestart(), but I don't really understand what that function in particular really accomplishes. Any help is greatly appreciated, thanks!

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• How to disable log4j logging from Java code

  - by Erel Segal Halevi

  I use a legacy library that writes logs using log4j. My default log4j.properties file directs the log to the console, but in some specific functions of my main program, I would like to disable logging altogether (from all classes). I tried this: Logger.getLogger(BasicImplementation.class.getName()).setLevel(Level.OFF); where "BasicImplementation" is one of the main classes that does logging, but it didn't work - the logs are still written to the console. Here is my log4j.properties: log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout log4j.logger.ac.biu.nlp.nlp.engineml=info, logfile log4j.logger.org.BIU.utils.logging.ExperimentLogger=warn log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %-5p %d{HH:mm:ss} [%t]: %m%n log4j.appender.logfile = ac.biu.nlp.nlp.log.BackupOlderFileAppender log4j.appender.logfile.append=false log4j.appender.logfile.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern = %-5p %d{HH:mm:ss} [%t]: %m%n log4j.appender.logfile.File = logfile.log

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• Data Access Layer in an ASP.NET website

  - by user3519124

  :) i have a DAL class file in my project, that my teacher sent me and explained to me but i did not really understand it. It has number of functions, and I understand only few of them, like with connecting to the database or creating a command object but there are 2 that I dont understand: public static DataTable GetTable(string str) { OleDbConnection con = DAL.GetConnection(); OleDbCommand cmd = DAL.GetCommand(con, str); DataTable dt = new DataTable(); OleDbDataAdapter adp = new OleDbDataAdapter(); adp.SelectCommand = cmd; adp.Fill(dt); return dt; } public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string str) { int num = -1; OleDbConnection con = DAL.GetConnection(); con.Open(); if (con.State == ConnectionState.Open) { OleDbCommand cmd = DAL.GetCommand(con, str); num = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); con.Close(); } return num; } thank you :)

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• WPF with code only

  - by rwallace

  I've seen a lot of questions about the merits of WPF here, and essentially every answer says it's the bee's knees, but essentially every answer also talks about things like XAML, in many cases graphic designers and Expression Blend etc. My question is, is it worth getting into WPF if you're a solo coder working in C# only? Specifically, I don't have a graphic designer, nor any great talent in that area myself; I don't use point-and-click tools; I write everything in C#, not XML. Winforms works fine in those conditions. Is the same true of WPF, or does it turn out that important functions can only be done in XAML, the default settings aren't intended for actual use and you have to have a graphic designer on the team to make things look good, etc., and somebody in my position would be better off to stick to Winforms?

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• Powershell function that creates a array by input

  - by user2971548

  I'm quite new to Powershell and working on a little project with functions. What I'm trying to do is creating a function that takes 2 arguments. The first argument ($Item1) decides the size of the array, the second argument ($Item2) decides the value of the indexes. So if I write: $addToArray 10 5 I need the function to create a array with 10 indexes and the value 5 in each of them. The second argument would also have to take "text" as a value. This is my code so far. $testArray = @(); $indexSize = 0; function addToArray($Item1, $Item2) { while ($indexSize -ne $Item1) { $indexSize ++; } Write-host "###"; while ($Item2 -ne $indexSize) { $script:testArray += $Item2; $Item2 ++; } } Any help is appreciated. Kind regards Dennis Berntsson

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• Which is better: string html generation or jquery DOM element creation?

  - by Ed Woodcock

  Ok, I'm rewriting some vanilla JS functions in my current project, and I'm at a point where there's a lot of HTML being generated for tooltips etc. My question is, is it better/preferred to do this: var html = '<div><span>Some More Stuff</span></div>'; if (someCondition) { html += '<div>Some Conditional Content</div>'; } $('#parent').append(html); OR var html = $('<div/>').append($('<span/>').append('Some More Stuff')); if (someCondition) { html.append($('<div/>').append('Some conditionalContent'); } $('#parent').append(html); ?

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• Restrict violation of architecture - asp.net MVP

  - by Srikanth

  If we had a defined hierarchy in an application. For ex a 3 - tier architecture, how do we restrict subsequent developers from violating the norms? For ex, in case of MVP (not asp.net MVC) architecture, the presenter should always bind the model and view. This helps in writing proper unit test programs. However, we had instances where people directly imported the model in view and called the functions violating the norms and hence the test cases couldn't be written properly. Is there a way we can restrict which classes are allowed to inherit from a set of classes? I am looking at various possibilities, including adopting a different design pattern, however a new approach should be worth the code change involved.

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• Is it bad practice to use python's getattr extensively?

  - by Wilduck

  I'm creating a shell-like environment. My original method of handleing user input was to use a dictionary mapping commands (strings) to methods of various classes, making use of the fact that functions are first class objects in python. For flexibility's sake (mostly for parsing commands), I'm thinking of changing my setup such that I'm using getattr(command), to grab the method I need and then passing arguments to it at the end of my parser. Another advantage of this approach is not having to update my (currently statically implemented) command dictionary every time I add a new method/command. My question is, will I be taking a hit to the efficiency of my shell? Does it matter how many methods/commands I have? I'm currently looking at 30 some commands, which could eventually double.

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• jquery $(window).width() and $(window).height() return different values when viewport has not been r

  - by Manca Weeks

  I am writing a site using jquery that repeatedly repeatedly calls $(window).width() and $(window).height() to position and size elements based on the viewport size... In troubleshooting I discovered that I am getting slightly different viewport size reports in repeated calls to the above jquery functions when the viewport is not resized... Wondering if there is any special case anyone knows of when this happens, or if this is just the way it is. The difference in sizes reported are 20px or less, it appears. It happens in Safari 4.0.4, Firefox 3.6.2 and Chrome 5.0.342.7 beta on Mac OS X 10.6.2... I didn't test other browsers yet because it doesn't appear to be specific to the browser. I was also unable to figure out what the difference depends upon - if it isn't the viewport size, could there be another factor that makes the results differ? Any insight would be appreciated... Thanks MAnca

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• Functional languages & support for memoization

  - by Joel

  Do any of the current crop of popular functional languages have good support for memoization & if I was to pick one on the strength of its memoisation which would you recommend & why? Update: I'm looking to optimise a directed graph (where nodes could be functions or data). When a node in the graph is updated I would like the values of other nodes to be recalculated only if they depend the node that changed. Update2: require free or open-source language/runtime.

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• Can PHP Perform Magic Instantiation?

  - by Aiden Bell

  Despite PHP being a pretty poor language and ad-hoc set of libraries ... of which the mix of functions and objects, random argument orders and generally ill-thought out semantics mean constant WTF moments.... ... I will admit, it is quite fun to program in and is fairly ubiquitous. (waiting for Server-side JavaScript to flesh out though) question: Given a class class RandomName extends CommonAppBase {} is there any way to automatically create an instance of any class extending CommonAppBase without explicitly using new? As a rule there will only be one class definition per PHP file. And appending new RandomName() to the end of all files is something I would like to eliminate. The extending class has no constructor; only CommonAppBase's constructor is called. Strange question, but would be nice if anyone knows a solution. Thanks in advance, Aiden (btw, my PHP version is 5.3.2) Please state version restrictions with any answer.

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• OpenAL device, buffer and context relationship

  - by Markus

  I'm trying to create an object oriented model to wrap OpenAL and have a little problem understanding the devices, buffers and contexts. From what I can see in the Programmer's Guide, there are multiple devices, each of which can have multiple contexts as well as multiple buffers. Each context has a listener, and the alListener*() functions all operate on the listener of the active context. (Meaning that I have to make another context active first if I wanted to change it's listener, if I got that right.) So far, so good. What irritates me though is that I need to pass a device to the alcCreateContext() function, but none to alGenBuffers(). How does this work then? When I open multiple devices, on which device are the buffers created? Are the buffers shared between all devices? What happens to the buffers if I close all open devices? (Or is there something I missed?)

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• correct way to store an exception in a variable

  - by Evan Teran

  I have an API which internally has some exceptions for error reporting. The basic structure is that it has a root exception object which inherits from std::exception, then it will throw some subclass of that. Since catching an exception thrown in one library and catching it in another can lead to undefined behavior (at least Qt complains about it and disallows it in many contexts). I would like to wrap the library calls in functions which will return a status code, and if an exception occurred, a copy of the exception object. What is the best way to store an exception (with it's polymorphic behavior) for later use? I believe that the c++0x futures API makes use of something like this. So what is the best approach? The best I can think of is to have a clone() method in each exception class which will return a pointer to an exception of the same type. But that's not very generic and doesn't deal with standard exceptions at all. Any thoughts?

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• Avoid the use of loops (for) with R

  - by albergali

  Hi, I'm working with R and I have a code like this: i<-1 j<-1 for (i in 1:10) for (j in 1:100) if (data[i] == paths[j,1]) cluster[i,4] <- paths[j,2] where : data is a vector with 100 rows and 1 column paths is a matrix with 100 rows and 5 columns cluster is a matrix with 100 rows and 5 columns My question is: how could I avoid the use of "for" loops to iterate through the matrix? I don't know whether apply functions (lapply, tapply...) are useful in this case. This is a problem when j=10000 for example, because execution time is very long. Thank you

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• is PHP itself transforming into a framework?

  - by Elzo Valugi

  At the beginning PHP was a scripting language. But after the introduction and improvement of OOP I see more and more objects added to the core. They started with SPL which grew a lot, now we have DOMDocument family, DateTime family which should be part of PECL, Pear or Zend Framework or implemented by each one of us. Shouldn't be php only for build-in functions and all these objects passed to something else? Example. DateTime class is part of the core and I see it very similar with Zend_Date.

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• Is there a name for the technique of using base-2 numbers to encode a list of unique options?

  - by Lunatik

  Apologies for the rather vague nature of this question, I've never been taught programming and Google is rather useless to a self-help guy like me in this case as the key words are pretty ambiguous. I am writing a couple of functions that encode and decode a list of options into a Long so they can easily be passed around the application, you know this kind of thing: 1 - Apple 2 - Orange 4 - Banana 8 - Plum etc. In this case the number 11 would represent Apple, Orange & Plum. I've got it working but I see this used all the time so assume there is a common name for the technique, and no doubt all sorts of best practice and clever algorithms that are at the moment just out of my reach.

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• Is there a design pattern for injecting methods into a class?

  - by glenn I.

  I have a set of classes that work together (I'm coding in javascript). There is one parent class and a number of child classes that are instantiated by the parent class. I have a number of clients of these classes that each need to add on one more methods to the parent or child classes. Rather than having each client inherit from these classes, which is doable but messy because of the child classes, I am having these clients pass functions into the parent class when they instantiate the main class. The main class creates the methods dynamically and the clients can call the methods like they were there all along. My questions are: is this a sensible thing to do? what would the design pattern be for what I am doing?

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• Autorelease for CGMutablePathRef?

  - by huggie

  Hi, I am developing for iphone. I want to creating a mutable path via CGPathCreateMutable(), and I want to return it out of the function which creates it. I'm suppose to call a CGPathRelease() when I'm done with it. But since I'm returning it I wish to autorelease it. Since Quartz path is a C code (and doesn't look like an objective C object), is it correct that I cannot call autorelease on it? Edit: For others who stumble upon this question, the below advise is for C functions returning Core foundation objects only. For objective C methods returning Core foundation objects, see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2901942/ownership-regarding-to-returned-quartz-objects

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• Best solution for language documentation.

  - by Simone Margaritelli

  I'm developing a new object oriented scripting language and the project itself is quite ready for audience now, so i'm starting to think about a serious (not as "drafty" as it is right now) way of document its grammar, functions from standard library and standard library classes. I've looked a bit around and almost every language hash its own web application for the documentation, Python uses Sphinx for instance. Which is the best PHP (don't have the time/will to install mod_who_knows_what on my server) application to accomplish this? I've used mediawiki a bit but i found its tag system a little bit hard to use in this context. Thanks for your answers.

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