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• Rebuilding /etc/rc?.d/ links

  - by timday

  A regular filesystem check on a Debian Lenny system triggered an fsck, and that nuked a handful of links in the /etc/rc?.d hierarchy (unfortunately I didn't keep a list). The system seems to boot and run normally, but I'm worried its storing up trouble for the future. Is there an easy (fairly automatic) way of rebuilding this piece of the system ? As I understand it, the links are generally manipulated by package postinst scripts using update-rc.d (and I haven't made any changes from the installed defaults). Without any better ideas, my plan is one of: Diff a listing with another similar system to identify which packages need their links repairing. Wait until the system is upgraded to Squeeze (hopefully not too long :^) and assume the mass package upgrade will restore all the missing links.

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• Lazy umount or Unmounting a busy disk in Linux

  - by deed02392

  I have read that it is possible to 'umount' a disk that is otherwise busy by using the 'lazy' option. The manpage has this to say about it: umount - unmount file systems -l Lazy unmount. Detach the filesystem from the filesystem hierarchy now, and cleanup all references to the filesystem as soon as it is not busy anymore. This option allows a "busy" filesystem to be unmounted. (Requires kernel 2.4.11 or later.) But what would be the point in that? I considered why we dismount partitions at all: To remove the hardware To perform operations on the filesystem that would be unsafe to do while mounted In either of these cases, all a 'lazy' unmount serves IMHO is to make it more difficult to determine if the disk really is dismounted and you can actually proceed with these actions. The only application for umount -l seems to be for inexperienced users to 'feel' like they've achieved something they haven't. Why would you use a lazy unmount?

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• Why does a group policy not applied to the domain administrator account?

  - by Saariko

  I have a working policy on my entire domain. I just found out, when logging with the domain administrator, that this policy is not applied (EDIT: Running : gpresult shows that the GPO's are applied - but, this GPO is for Drive Mappings, and the actual drive mappings are NOT shown) The administrator account - does not have any login script on his profile tab. My GPO's are mainly small/atomic settings: single GPO to handle each settings: UAC, Firewall, printers. GPO status for the object is enabled That's an overview of the Drive Maps: Reading on MS support site, I checked the delegation tab, and it is marked as applied to domain and enterprise admins. Every user gets these policies correctly. The OU that is set is the root of the domain. (for testing purpose - I did that to eliminate hierarchy issues - did not help) Block Inheritance is disabled. (never used it anyway) GPO link GPO Security Filterings

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• What are "Missing thread recordng" erros when running fsck -fy ?

  - by Horace Ho

  There is some error reported when I run Disk Utility and verify the root volume on my OS X MacBook. So I boot and CMD-S into the shell mode and run /sbin/fsck -fy. Errors are like: ** Checking catalog file. Missing thread record (id = ...) In correct number of thread records ** Checking catalog hierarchy. Invalid volume file count (It should be ... instead of ...) ** Repairing Volume Missing directory record (id = ...) I'd like to know what is the cause of the above errors? Hopefully I will be more careful in the future to prevent them from happening again. p.s. I am using a SSD and so I assume mechanical hard disk error is less likely. Thanks!

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• What are "Missing thread recordng" erros when running fsck -fy ?

  - by user32616

  There is some error reported when I run Disk Utility and verify the root volume on my OS X MacBook. So I boot and CMD-S into the shell mode and run /sbin/fsck -fy. Errors are like: ** Checking catalog file. Missing thread record (id = ...) In correct number of thread records ** Checking catalog hierarchy. Invalid volume file count (It should be ... instead of ...) ** Repairing Volume Missing directory record (id = ...) I'd like to know what is the cause of the above errors? Hopefully I will be more careful in the future to prevent them from happening again. p.s. I am using a SSD and so I assume mechanical hard disk error is less likely. Thanks!

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• PKI Issuing CA on Domain Controllers

  - by dunxd

  I am setting up a PKI which will initially be used internally. As we may grow our use of this I have opted for a three tier hierarchy - Offline Root and Policy CAs (one Policy CA at the moment for internal use), and online issuing CAs. We had initially discussed using our Domain Controllers as the Issuing CAs rather than setting up dedicated ones. I am now starting to have doubts about whether it is a good idea to have our DCs do certificate issuing. We have less than 1000 users, so our DCs aren't hugely taxed. Does anyone have any suggestions for or against doing this? We are currently running Windows 2003 Active Directory, but will be upgrading to Windows 2008 in the coming year. I'm setting up Windows 2008 PKI.

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• Running programs in cache and registers

  - by OSX NINJA

  In my operating systems class we were shown a picture depicting a hierarchy of memory starting from most expensive and fastest at the top and least expensive and slowest at the bottom. At the very top was registers and underneath it was cache. The professor said that the best place to run programs is in cache. I was wondering why programs can't be run in registers? Also, how can a program load itself into cache? Isn't the cache something that's controlled by the CPU and works automatically without software control?

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• Using Active Directory Security Groups as Hierarchical Tags

  - by Nathan Hartley

  Because active directory security groups can... hold objects regardless of OU. be used for reporting, documentation, inventory, etc. be referenced by automated processes (Get-QADGroupMember). be used to apply policy be used by WSUS I would like to use security groups as hierarchical tags, representing various attributes of a computer or user. I am thinking of (computer centric) tags something like these: /tag/vendor/vendorName /tag/system/overallSystemName /tag/application/vendorsApplicationName /tag/dependantOn/computerName /tag/department/departmentName /tag/updates/Group1 Before fumbling through implementing this, I thought I would seek comments from the community. Specifically in the areas: Does this make sense? Would it work? Has anyone else attempted this? Is there a good reference on the matter I should read? How best to implement the hierarchy? Tag_OU\Type_OU\GroupName (limits quantity in OU, uniqueness not guaranteed) Tag_OU\Type_OU\Tag-Type-GroupName (limits quantity in OU, uniqueness guaranteed, verbose) etc ... Thanks in advance!

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• Importing Outlook 2007 rules error

  - by Alex

  I'm trying to move an Outlook 2007 account (POP3, no Exchange) to a new machine and I'm having trouble importing the rules from the old machine to the new one. Here is the deal, I imported the .pst file on the new machine but when I try to import the rules, every single one of them brakes. The folders and sub-folders hierarchy is preserved upon the import of the .pst but the rules don't point to the right folder in the respective rule. Instead it points to "the specified folder". Same OS (Windows XP), same mail client (Outlook 2007) and the .psf file is about 8 GB. Any help i greatly appreciated.

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• Strip my windows NTFS disk of all ACLs

  - by Alain Pannetier

  When you purchase a windows PC nowadays, you don't actually "own" the whole disk... There are so many ACLs on each folder that there are portions of it you actually can access only through a complex sequence of actions requiring skills well beyond the average PC user. You have to drill down to deeply buried dialog boxes accessible through concealed buttons. You have to understand at which level of the hierarchy you have to take ownership, remove ACLs etc... Yet when you think of it, that's your PC, that's what the "P" of PC originally stand for... So I'm toying with the idea of just stripping the disk of all ACLs I just purchased and leave standard file protections do the basic protection work... Just like previous century Windows used to do... (before I chmod -R 777 ;-) Has anybody done that already and nevertheless survived in reasonably good shape for a reasonable amount of time ? Any technical advice to do that ? Powershell script ? basic script using iCACLS ?

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• Questions about linux root file system.

  - by smwikipedia

  I read the manual page of the "mount" command, at it reads as below: All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree. My questions are: Where is this "big tree" located? Suppose I have 2 disks, if I mount them onto some point in the "big tree", does linux place some "special marks" in the mount point to indicate that these 2 "mount directories" are indeed seperate disks?

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• What tools can be used to download all images in a webpage?

  - by bobo

  I would like to download all images in a web page. The tool should be smart enough to examine the css and javascript files in the page source to look for the images. Ideally, it should also replicate the folder hierarchy, saving the images in the correct folder. For example, the web page may have some images for menu items stored in images/menu/ and for background images it may be stored in images/bg/. Is there such a tool that you know of? (preferably in Windows but Linux is still ok) Many thanks to you all.

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• Question about the linux root file system.

  - by smwikipedia

  I read the manual page of the "mount" command, at it reads as below: All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree. My questions are: Where is this "big tree" located? Suppose I have 2 disks, if I mount them onto some point in the "big tree", does linux place some "special marks" in the mount point to indicate that these 2 "mount directories" are indeed seperate disks?

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• Is there any two-panels bookmarks manager for Google Chrome?

  - by L. Shaydariv

  Hi to all. I'm just wondering, is there any two-panels-interface (like Total Commander, File Manager, etc) bookmark manager, extension, etc for Google Chrome? Using of the default bookmark manager is not so suitable because of two reasons: 1) I've gathered a very large collection of bookmarks (please, don't ask why) 2) bookmarks hierarchy tree always expands its branches when the bookmark manager is open (this makes the moving of bookmarks through the bookmark tree much and much harder). I tried to use Link Commander but it's very and very slow. Any suggestions? Thank you for advices.

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• How to secure both root domain and wildcard subdomains with one SSL cert?

  - by Question Overflow

  I am trying to generate a self-signed SSL certificate to secure both example.com and *.example.com. Looking at the answers to this and this questions, there seems to be an equal number of people agreeing and disagreeing whether this could be done. However, the website from a certification authority seems to suggest that it could be done. Currently, these are the changes added to my openssl configuration file: [req] req_extensions = v3_req [req_distinguished_name] commonName = example.com [v3_req] subjectAltName = @alt_names [alt_names] DNS.1 = example.com DNS.2 = *.example.com I tried the above configuration and generated a certificate. When navigating to https://example.com, it produces the usual warning that the cert is "self-signed". After acceptance, I navigate to https://abc.example.com and an additional warning is produced, saying that the certificate is only valid for example.com. The certificate details only listed example.com in the certificate hierarchy with no signs of any wildcard subdomain being present. I am not sure whether this is due to a misconfiguration or that the common name should have a wildcard or that this could not be done.

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• Restricting access to a subdirectory on linux

  - by David

  I'm looking for a way to make a directory accessible only to its parent directories. That is, suppose you have two directories, A and B, at the same level in the file hierarchy. Now suppose that you have a directory A' which is a subdirectory of A. I'd like to enforce that A is able to access the contents of A' but B is not. My problem is that I'd like to use a library (directory A) which builds on top of a legacy version of another library (directory A'). At the same time, I want to be able to use the newest version of this legacy library (directory B). I want to make sure that people aren't somehow using library A and linking against new library B by enforcing that library A must use library A'. I could just link A against library B, but then I'm risking compatibility.

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• linux: accessing thousands of files in hash of directories

  - by 130490868091234

  I would like to know what is the most efficient way of concurrently accessing thousands of files of a similar size in a modern Linux cluster of computers. I am carrying an indexing operation in each of these files, so the 4 index files, about 5-10x smaller than the data file, are produced next to the file to index. Right now I am using a hierarchy of directories from ./00/00/00 to ./99/99/99 and I place 1 file at the end of each directory, like ./00/00/00/file000000.ext to ./00/00/00/file999999.ext. It seems to work better than having thousands of files in the same directory but I would like to know if there is a better way of laying out the files to improve access.

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• Help on using mod_rewrite to serve I18N static site

  - by Guandalino

  My static site www.example.com is translated in different languages and files are organized in this hierarchy: / /de index.html seite-1.html /en index.html page-1.html /it index.html pagina-1.html The root contains no files, just one subdirectory for each language the site is translated in, while subdirectories contain pages translated (both content and file name are) in the language corresponding to subdirectory name, de, en, it, etc. The question is: how to configure mod_rewrite so that when a client visits www.example.com it is taken to the correct version of the site, falling back to english version if the required locale is not supported (i.e. Accept-Language header doesn't exist or specifies a language for which the site is not available, e.g. fr)? Thanks for any pointer, I'm here to provide further details or feedback! Best regards

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• Adding text to the beginning and end of a number of files?

  - by John Feminella

  I have a number of files in a directory hierarchy. For each file, I'd like to add "abcdef" to the beginning, on its own line, and "ghijkl" to the end, on its own line. For example, if the files initially contained: # one/foo.txt apples bananas # two/three/bar.txt coconuts Then afterwards, I'd expect them to contain: # one/foo.txt abcdef apples bananas ghijkl # two/three/bar.txt abcdef coconuts ghijkl What's the best way to do this? I've gotten as far as: # put stuff at start of file find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i 's/.../abcdef/g' # put stuff at end of file find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i 's/.../ghijkl/g' but I can't seem to figure out how what to put in the ellipses.

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• Cross domain LDAP

  - by Adam

  For a system we are developing we have 2 domains an internal and an external domain with bi directional trust between them. However the servers are only able to connect to their own DC's. We have an application server on the internal domain which needs to use an LDAP query to gather a list of users from a group on the external domain. How do i go about writing an LDAP query that asks one DC to go ask another DC for a list of users. I tried querying the internal DC with the same LDAP query I would use if it could hit the external DC directly but this does not work. When i use Softerra LDAP Administraor I can view the full hierarchy of the interal domain but despite the trust relationship between domains i am unable to see any of the external doamin. Any suggestions or help would be greatly appreciated

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• Sharepoint 2007 reset permission inheritance

  - by e-mre

  I have this SharePoint 2007 document library which has several levels of folders and files. Some folders in the middle of the hierarchy do not inherit permissions from their parents and have their unique permissions defined. It is a huge library and there are many folders like this. I am currently changing the permission model of my library and I want to reset all those unique permissions and have all of them inherit permissions from the library root. (Something like "Replace child object permissions" checkbox available in windows files system security window) If this is not possible, seeing a list of folders that have their unique permissions defined would also do.

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• Install SQL Server 2000 on virtual machine Windows Server 2008 (HyperV)

  - by podosta

  Hi, My hierarchy ask me to setup a production Windows server 2008 virtual machine (HyperV) with SQL 2000 Standard Ed. installed on it. I can't find on the net much information about the relative "compatibility" of SQL2000 on WinSrv2008. Of course I found some obscure answers like : "it's impossible, it's not supported, don't do it". I already setup the machine, it's working, but... I don't know where I'm going. Do you experienced this kind of configuration ? Could you give me some advices ? Could you tell me the pros and cons ? Thanks a lot for you help

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• In Mac OS X Finder's column view, how do you show all columns, up to the list of volumes?

  - by John Douthat

  In OS X's olden times, column view always allowed you to scroll left back to the list of volumes. In recent versions, however, the Finder will hide parents and ancestors. For example, when you select a favorite "place" in the sidebar, no ancestors of that folder will be visitable without pressing Cmd+Up, but hitting Cmd+Up causes the current directory to lose focus, or disappear entirely, depending on the number of levels . Clicking "Back" sends you back to the folder you where in, but it also re-hides all of its ancestors :( I really wish I could see the entire hierarchy. Is that possible?

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• What is the easiest way to apply database functionality into my daily life?

  - by Daddy Warbox

  let me try to explain it by listing some of the things I want to do: Submit random thoughts, notes, facts, and to-do tasks of any sort and at any time. Tag each of these submissions freely. Manage these tags centrally. Associate meta-data with submissions and tags. Search, filter, and sort submissions. I want lots of power here. Display views of submissions (including within searches) in a hierarchy. Create said hierarchies easily out by ordering relevant tags. I'm thinking towards some kind of desktop program that allows me to quickly do all of these things. A web service could also work, too, but it will need offline capabilities. I don't want to have to pay for this, if that's possible. Also, as I know regex and SQL, I wouldn't mind solutions involving the use of either.

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• Access denied to EFS encrypted files after PC joins domain

  - by mjmarsh

  I'm experiencing strange behavior with Windows Encrypted File System: I have a machine that is in workgroup mode (not joined to a domain) I encrypt an entire directory structure on the machine (basically a folder and subfolders with data files for my application). My application writes and reads files from the encrypted file hierarchy as a local Windows user (let's call the account 'SecureUser'). This works fine I then join the PC to a domain (Let's call it 'TEST') Afterwards, processes running as the local 'SecureUser' account can't read the files it wrote originally when it was off the domain (What is also strange is that the files are listed as "read only" now and I cannot unset this flag via Windows Explorer or the command line, even though it looks like it succeeds) I then 'un-join' the PC from the domain and everything works again Is there something about changing domain membership on a PC that changes the behavior of EFS so that previously encrypted files cannot be read, even by the originating user? Thanks in advance

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