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• How do I keep folders synced and backed up between two macs using a Linux NAS (rsync?)

  - by Hultner

  I've got two primary computers, one Mac Pro and one MacBook Pro for when I'm on the go. I've also got a Linux sever which also acts as NAS. Currently I backup the entire computers to an external drive with Time Machine which is rather useless and doesn't sync anything. What I really want to do is to keep my important files synced between both computers and my NAS (which is running RAID 5), that way I'm not backing up easily replaceable systemfiles and I've got all my important files in 3 places where two of them are running raid so at least 5 drives would have to crash at the same time before actual data loss occur. Folders I want to keep synced is basically my photo, documents, development, mamp and work folders and then I want to keep the user library folder backed up but not synced. I'm thinking that I'd have to use rsync but don't know how. Before suggesting Dropbox and similar suggestions I don't want to use them because of several reasons some of them being security (Dropbox obviously proved this), Speed (sometimes I'll sync gigabytes of data and that will be significantly faster locally and probably even through VPN as I have a Gigabit pipe), Space (space on my NAS is cheap and only practically limited by my needs), reliability (even if my internet were to go down I still need to be able to keep my files synced incase I'd need to go somewhere on the fly), price (I already have all the hardware and for the amount of gigabytes and bandwidth I'd need I doubt that there's any free or cheap service). Those are my main reason for wanting to keep it locally. I'm sorry for any spelling or grammatical mistakes that I've might have done. I'm writing this on my smartphone from a shaky train and English isn't my mother tongue. I gratefully appreciate any answers even if only partly solving my problem.

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• How many different servers are needed to keep a website running with no downtime? [closed]

  - by Mason Wheeler

  Machines go down. It's a fact of life. They may need to be rebooted for some reason, or they may have a hardware failure, or a power outage. So if I wanted to deploy a website with a server backed by a SQL database, putting the whole thing on one server wouldn't be good enough. It obviously needs at least two servers, so that if one goes down, the other can pick up the slack until the first comes back up. Of course, if I have the server software on two machines, either one of which could go down, I can't place the database on either of those two machines, because it could go down. So the database needs its own server. But that server can go down, so I need a backup database server and some sort of replication system to keep it in sync so the main can fail-over to it. So far, that's a bare minimum of 4 machines to keep one website running with a reasonable chance of no downtime. (Assuming no catastrophic events take place that take down both front-end servers at once or both DB servers at once, and no hacks, DDOS attacks, etc. Am I missing any other factors, or should I consider 4 servers to be the minimum for running a website with a goal of continuing operation without downtime even when a server goes down?

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• How do they keep track of the NPCs in Left 4 Dead?

  - by f20k

  How do they keep track of the NPC zombies in Left 4 Dead? I am talking about the NPCs that just walk into walls or wander around aimlessly. Even though the players cannot see them, they are there (say inside rooms or behind doors). Let's say there's about 10 or so zombies in a hallway and inside rooms. Does the game keep all of those zombies in a list and iterate through giving them commands? Do they just spawn when the user is within a certain radius or reached a special location? Say you placed the 4 units (controlled by players) on completely different places throughout the map. Let's assume you aren't being swarmed and then you have not killed any of these aimless NPCs. Would the game be keeping track of 10 x 4 = 40 zombies in total? Or is my understanding completely off? The reason I ask is if I were to implement something similar on a mobile device, keeping track of 40 or more NPCs might not be such a great idea.

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• Do you keep your ideas secret? and why?

  - by MainMa

  I believe any programmer has several ideas that she/he considers as innovative or at least valuable. It may be an idea of a new product which will make this world better or a new development approach, etc. But a great idea must be implemented and promoted/advertised. This requires a lot of work (proofs of concept, prototypes, technology previews, etc.) and a lot of money (appropriate advertisement, marketing, etc.). So months later, the idea stays in our heads, but nothing else is done, because it's difficult, long and expensive, sometimes even impossible for a single developer. On the other hand, it would be painful to share our ideas, and see a medium-size company which has enough resources making something useful from it and having success and money. So what do you do with your ideas you can hardly implement or patent? Do you talk freely about them in discussion boards and with other developers? Do you keep them like a precious thing without never talking about them to anybody? If you keep your ideas, why are you doing so? Is it just because you hope that one day, you will be able to implement them and have a huge success, while you know very well by experience that it's an utopia?

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• Is it possible to keep only one Database for both web and desktop applications?

  - by B4NZ41

  I'm experiencing a trouble with my business model, let me explain better. I'm developing a software for 1 year and few months, it's for the food industry, more exactly a software to: Delivery, Take Way, Table Reservation, POS, Accounts Payable and Receivable, Prints(receipt), Kitchen Monitors Orders, Customers Orders Control and Fiscal Area. Well, I had separated the software mainly in two areas, one is web area and the other is desktop area (Used by Admins only) and local installed. 1 - Web Area (Basically do the follow:) Show Catalog with the products Customers Make Orders Customers Pay for the Orders etc ... as mentioned above 2 - Desktop Area Manage Orders Manage Customers Manage Suppliers Manage Accounts Payable and Receivable etc ... as mentioned above The web area is hosted in an online web server (scripts and database are online). The Desktop area is hosted locally in a Linux machine with a local database and local scripts files. My question is: Is it possible to keep only one Database for both applications? If YES, please what is the best approach? Follow my technical specification environment Database: Actually I have two databases working and I would love to keep only one. Operating System: Linux (Kernel 2.6.X and above) or Windows (XP and above) For the Web Area Apache, PHP, Python, Java Script, Shell Script and MySQL. For the Desktop Area: PHP-GTK2, Apache, PHP, MySQL and Shell Script.

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• View a pdf with quick webview though apache proxy

  - by Musa

  I have a site(IIS) that is accessed via a proxy in apache(on an IBM i). This site serves PDFs which has quick web view and if I access a pdf directly from the IIS server the PDFs starts to display immediately but if I go through the proxy I have to wait until the entire pdf downloads before I can view it. In the apache config file I use ProxyPass /path/ http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ <LocationMatch "/path/"> Header set Cache-Control "no-cache" </LocationMatch> I tried adding SetEnv proxy-sendcl to LocationMatch directive this had no effect. The PDFs that view quickly makes a lot of partial requests This is the initial request and response headers GET http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xxx.PDF HTTP/1.1 Host: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: no-cache Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 Pragma: no-cache User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:9.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/9.0.1 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Cookie: chocolatechip HTTP/1.1 200 OK Via: 1.1 xxxxxxxx Connection: Keep-Alive Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Length: 15330238 Date: Mon, 25 Aug 2014 12:48:31 GMT Content-Type: application/pdf ETag: "b6262940bbecf1:0" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 Last-Modified: Fri, 22 Aug 2014 13:16:14 GMT Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Powered-By: ASP.NET This is a partial request and response GET http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xxx.PDF HTTP/1.1 Host: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: no-cache Pragma: no-cache User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:9.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/9.0.1 Accept: */* Referer: http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xxxx.PDF Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Cookie: chocolatechip Range: bytes=0-32767 HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content Via: 1.1 xxxxxxxx Connection: Keep-Alive Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Length: 32768 Date: Mon, 25 Aug 2014 12:48:31 GMT Content-Range: bytes 0-32767/15330238 Content-Type: application/pdf ETag: "b6262940bbecf1:0" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 Last-Modified: Fri, 22 Aug 2014 13:16:14 GMT Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Powered-By: ASP.NET These are the headers I get if I go through he proxy GET /path/xxx.PDF HTTP/1.1 Host: domain:xxxx Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: no-cache Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 Pragma: no-cache User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:9.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/9.0.1 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 25 Aug 2014 13:28:42 GMT Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 Content-Type: application/pdf Last-Modified: Fri, 22 Aug 2014 13:16:14 GMT Accept-Ranges: bytes ETag: "b6262940bbecf1:0"-gzip X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Cache-Control: no-cache Expires: Thu, 24 Aug 2017 13:28:42 GMT Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: gzip Keep-Alive: timeout=300, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked I'm guessing its because the proxy uses Transfer-Encoding: chunked but I'm not sure and wasn't able to turn it off to check. Browser Chrome 36.0.1985.143 m Using the native PDF viewer Any help to get the pdf quick web view through the proxy working would be appreciated.

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• What strategies you followed to keep your programming skills fresh during a long break?

  - by TRoh

  After being away from development for more than a year, I find it challenging to join back the work force, and I can feel the rustiness. I wonder what you have done to either keep your skills fresh during such periods or how you gained back the skills you might have forgotten? I understand coding is a great way to become more competent, but how do you start getting more involved in it while you are not working as a developer?

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• How do you keep code with continuations/callbacks readable?

  - by Heinzi

  Summary: Are there some well-established best-practice patterns that I can follow to keep my code readable in spite of using asynchronous code and callbacks? I'm using a JavaScript library that does a lot of stuff asynchronously and heavily relies on callbacks. It seems that writing a simple "load A, load B, ..." method becomes quite complicated and hard to follow using this pattern. Let me give a (contrived) example. Let's say I want to load a bunch of images (asynchronously) from a remote web server. In C#/async, I'd write something like this: disableStartButton(); foreach (myData in myRepository) { var result = await LoadImageAsync("http://my/server/GetImage?" + myData.Id); if (result.Success) { myData.Image = result.Data; } else { write("error loading Image " + myData.Id); return; } } write("success"); enableStartButton(); The code layout follows the "flow of events": First, the start button is disabled, then the images are loaded (await ensures that the UI stays responsive) and then the start button is enabled again. In JavaScript, using callbacks, I came up with this: disableStartButton(); var count = myRepository.length; function loadImage(i) { if (i >= count) { write("success"); enableStartButton(); return; } myData = myRepository[i]; LoadImageAsync("http://my/server/GetImage?" + myData.Id, function(success, data) { if (success) { myData.Image = data; } else { write("error loading image " + myData.Id); return; } loadImage(i+1); } ); } loadImage(0); I think the drawbacks are obvious: I had to rework the loop into a recursive call, the code that's supposed to be executed in the end is somewhere in the middle of the function, the code starting the download (loadImage(0)) is at the very bottom, and it's generally much harder to read and follow. It's ugly and I don't like it. I'm sure that I'm not the first one to encounter this problem, so my question is: Are there some well-established best-practice patterns that I can follow to keep my code readable in spite of using asynchronous code and callbacks?

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• What should one keep in mind when switching from traditional to RESTful routing in Rails?

  - by Brian Holder-Chow

  What should one keep in mind when switching from traditional to RESTful routing in Rails? From a typical Rails routes.rb file: # This is a legacy wild controller route that's not recommended for RESTful applications. # Note: This route will make all actions in every controller accessible via GET requests. match ':controller(/:action(/:id))(.:format)' As switching away from this means that I will have to create routes for each controller individually, does anyone have any advice on the best way to migrate this safely?

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• If immutable objects are good, why do people keep creating mutable objects?

  - by Vinoth Kumar

  If immutable objects are good,simple and offers benefits in concurrent programming why do programmers keep creating mutable objects? I have four years of experience in Java programming and as I see it, the first thing people do after creating a class is generate getters and setters in the IDE (thus making it mutable). Is there a lack of awareness or can we get away with using mutable objects in most scenarios?

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• Must Keep the Power Flowing No Matter What! [Humorous Image]

  - by Asian Angel

  Who cares what it looks like as long as it works, right? Have you seen or created similar “quick fixes” to keep a computer running? Make sure to share your story in the comments! Barely Working Laptop Cord [Cheeseburger Network] 6 Ways Windows 8 Is More Secure Than Windows 7 HTG Explains: Why It’s Good That Your Computer’s RAM Is Full 10 Awesome Improvements For Desktop Users in Windows 8

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• Keep coding the wrong way to remain consistent? [closed]

  - by bwalk2895

  Possible Duplicate: Code maintenance: keeping a bad pattern when extending new code for being consistent, or not? To keep things simple let's say I am responsible for maintaining two applications, AwesomeApp and BadApp (I am responsible for more and no that is not their actual names). AwesomeApp is a greenfield project I have been working on with other members on my team. It was coded using all the fancy buzzwords, Multilayer, SOA, SOLID, TDD, and so on. It represents the direction we want to go as a team. BadApp is a application that has been around for a long time. The architecture suffers from many sins, namely everything is tightly coupled together and it is not uncommon to get a circular dependency error from the compiler, it is almost impossible to unit test, large classes, duplicate code, and so on. We have a plan to rewrite the application following the standards established by AwesomeApp, but that won't happen for a while. I have to go into BadApp and fix a bug, but after spending months coding what I consider correctly, I really don't want do continue perpetuate bad coding practices. However, the way AwesomeApp is coded is vastly different from the way BadApp is coded. I fear implementing the "correct" way would cause confusion for other developers who have to maintain the application. Question: Is it better to keep coding the wrong way to remain consistent with the rest of the code in the application (knowing it will be replaced) or is it better to code the right way with an understanding it could cause confusion because it is so much different? To give you an example. There is a large class (1000+ lines) with several functions. One of the functions is to calculate a date based on an enumerated value. Currently the function handles all the various calculations. The function relies on no other functionality within the class. It is self contained. I want to break the function into smaller functions (at the very least) and put them into their own classes and hide those classes behind an interface (at the most) and use the factory pattern to instantiate the date classes. If I just broke it out into smaller functions within the class it would follow the existing coding standard. The extra steps are to start following some of the SOLID principles.

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• WebMotion, le nouveau framework web libre en Java fondé sur le principe du « Keep It Simple and Stupid »

  WebMotion, le nouveau framework web libre en Java Fondé sur le principe « KISS » du « Keep It Simple, Stupid » WebMotion est un framework de développement d'application web qui repose sur une architecture REST et sur le standard Java EE 6. Ce framework propose 2 fonctionnalités principales: La première est d'assurer la couche présentation par le biais de pages (JSP, HTML, etc.). La seconde est d'exposer ...

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• Google Chrome audit on caching

  - by Álvaro G. Vicario

  If I run an audit on my sites with Google Chrome, I get this message in the Leverage browser caching section: The following resources are missing a cache expiration. Resources that do not specify an expiration may not be cached by browsers: A list of all the pictures follows. I get a similar notice in Leverage proxy caching: Consider adding a "Cache-Control: public" header to the following resources: Apart from pictures, I also get a notice about HTML, CSS and JavaScript files: The following resources are explicitly non-cacheable. Consider making them cacheable if possible: Its funny because I've worked hard to cache all static contents (except for pictures, where I just left Apache's default settings). Firefox does indeed store all these items in cache. Is there anything I should improve in my HTTP headers? Here's the complete header set of some items as loaded after removing the browser caché. Pictures use default settings I didn't really check before, the rest should be cachéd for three hours. I can set headers with both .htaccess and PHP. PNG HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:46:14 GMT Server: Apache Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:54 GMT Etag: "c48024-230-4821a15d6c580" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 560 Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: image/png HTML HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:46:13 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:46:13 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Wed, 24 Mar 2010 20:30:36 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15 CSS HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:48:21 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:48:21 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:12 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/css JavaScript HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 12:48:21 GMT Server: Apache X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Expires: Sat, 31 Jul 2010 15:48:21 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=10800, s-maxage=10800, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Content-Encoding: gzip Vary: Accept-Encoding Last-Modified: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 21:40:12 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=4 Connection: Keep-Alive Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: application/x-javascript Update I've tested Jumby's suggestion and set my CSS's expire to 1 year: Cache-Control:max-age=31536000, s-maxage=31536000, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate Connection:Keep-Alive Content-Encoding:gzip Content-Length:4198 Content-Type:text/css Date:Mon, 02 Aug 2010 20:48:56 GMT Expires:Tue, 02 Aug 2011 20:48:56 GMT Keep-Alive:timeout=5, max=99 Last-Modified:Thu, 18 Mar 2010 20:40:12 GMT Server:Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) PHP/5.3.1 Vary:Accept-Encoding X-Powered-By:PHP/5.3.1 However, Chrome still claims "explicitly non-cacheable".

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• Why does nmap ping scan over a VPN link return all hosts alive?

  - by ewwhite

  I'm curious as to why running an nmap -sP (ping scan) on a remote subnet linked via a Cisco site-to-site IPSec tunnel returns "host up" status for every IP in the range. [root@xt ~]# nmap -sP 192.168.108.* Starting Nmap 4.11 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2012-11-22 14:08 CST Host 192.168.108.0 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.1 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.2 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.3 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.4 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.5 appears to be up. . . . Host 192.168.108.252 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.253 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.254 appears to be up. Host 192.168.108.255 appears to be up. Nmap finished: 256 IP addresses (256 hosts up) scanned in 14.830 seconds However, a ping of a known-down IP simply times out or doesn't return anything... [root@xt ~]# ping 192.168.108.201 PING 192.168.108.201 (192.168.108.201) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.108.201 ping statistics --- 144 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 143001ms Is there a more effective way to scan live devices connected in this manner?

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• Best way to keep a MS DOS application alive? (Virtual MS DOS)

  - by user11010

  Hi, I have a good old DOS application which is still required to run. Unfortunately the PC is dying and needs to be replaced. The PC was running Windows 98 and the software was executed in a MS Dos Command line. When we would order a new PC you would at least get a Windows XP which has the Win 2000 (NT) Kernel and is not DOS based. Now I need a strategy to be able to run a that DOS application on a new age PC. What I was thinking is to buy a standard office box and have a virtual PC or VMware setup which is running MS DOS and my DOS application? Would this be a way to go? Any concerns? What about 16Bit/32Bit… So any opinion, experiances or tip would be great …. Thanks

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• How to keep TightVNC client on Windows XP alive when connected to OS X?

  - by Craig

  I'm using TightVNC on my Windows XP workstations to connect to a remote OS X box (10.5.x) using OS X's VNC support. I've noticed that the TightVNC will become unresponsive after a period of inactivity. Is this a common issue? Restarting TightVNC solves the problem, but can be a bit annoying. Is there a solution to this? I don't suppose copy & paste between the two systems can be made to work?

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• How can I keep a VPN connection alive? (Ubuntu 9.10)

  - by Al

  I've been trying to find a way to run a torrent client strictly through a VPN. I am running Ubuntu 9.10, and use Ktorrent. I can connect to vpn.itshidden.com but I am worried about the connection dropping if I'm away from my computer. Any help would be appreciated.

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• How to keep TightVNC client on Windows XP alive when connected to OS X?

  - by craibuc

  I'm using TightVNC on my Windows XP workstations to connect to a remote OS X box (10.5.x) using OS X's VNC support. I've noticed that the TightVNC will become unresponsive after a period of inactivity. Is this a common issue? Restarting TightVNC solves the problem, but can be a bit annoying. Is there a solution to this? I don't suppose copy & paste between the two systems can be made to work?

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• Disaster - partitions lost, data seemingly alive, how to recover?

  - by a2h

  I've used TestDisk and it's written my old partition structure of a ~20GiB partition for Vista, ~25GiB partition for 7 (but it now shows up as unallocated) and a ~400GiB partition for documents. What it's meant to be is a 30GiB partition for 7, some unallocated space, and a ~400GiB partition for documents. So currently, I have access to all my documents, but not any of the programs I've installed on C:, or AppData, because my boot partition is now supposedly a 20GB vista partition. I've tried using my Windows 7 install disc's repair function, but that did nothing beyond wasting about 10 minutes of my time. I'm currently posting from an Ubuntu live CD. Any help?

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• Using automated bdd-gui-tests to keep user-documentation-screenshots up do date?

  - by k3b

  Are there developpers out there, who (ab)use the CaptureScreenshot() function of their automated gui-tests to also create uptodate-screenshots for the userdocumentation? Background: Whithin the lifetime of an application, its gui-elements are constantly changing. It makes a lot of work to keep the userdocumentation uptodate, especially if the example data in the pictures should match the textual description. If you already have automated bdd-gui-tests why not let them take screenshots at certain points? I am currently playing with webapps in dotnet+specflow+selenium, but this topic also applies to other bdd-engines (JRuby-Cucumber, mspec, rspec, ...) and gui-test-Frameworks (WaitN, WaitR, MsWhite, ....) Any experience, thoughts or url-links to this topic would be helpfull. How is the cost/benefit relation? Is it worth the efford? What are the Drawbacks? See also: Is it practical to retroactively write specifications documenting a system via automated acceptance tests?

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• How can I install a specific older version of Firefox and keep it from automatically updating?

  - by Matt V.

  I wrote a bash script to configure a suite of tools for continuous integration on top of Ubuntu 10.04.2. The script recently stopped working and I tracked the problem down to the newer version of Firefox that was just released. The image of Ubuntu that I'm starting with already has Firefox installed, but I need a version in between what it comes with and the latest. Here's the code I was using: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/firefox-stable sudo apt-get update echo "y" | sudo apt-get install firefox How can I instead install Firefox 7.0.1 and keep it from automatically upgrading to the latest version? If I can, I'd like to avoid installing Firefox manually, so I can more easily use apt-get later, once the issue I'm running into gets resolved.

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• How do I keep track of modifications to a new server?

  - by eveo

  I purchased a server for the sole purpose of familiarizing myself with the CLI so I don't get royally screwed when I enter a real development environment. However, I have some questions. I've managed to SSH into my server, all is fine and dandy, installed LAMP too which went flawlessly. Now I'm wondering, the more changes I do, the more cluttered my server will become. Can I revert changes? I don't want to keep customizing things and installing things and just having a cluttered server overall. Where can I track changes to my system?

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• Keep a programming language backwards compatible vs. fixing its flaws

  - by Radu Murzea

  First, some context (stuff that most of you know anyway): Every popular programming language has a clear evolution, most of the time marked by its version: you have Java 5, 6, 7 etc., PHP 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 etc. Releasing a new version makes new APIs available, fixes bugs, adds new features, new frameworks etc. So all in all: it's good. But what about the language's (or platform's) problems? If and when there's something wrong in a language, developers either avoid it (if they can) or they learn to live with it. Now, the developers of those languages get a lot of feedback from the programmers that use them. So it kind of makes sense that, as time (and version numbers) goes by, the problems in those languages will slowly but surely go away. Well, not really. Why? Backwards compatibility, that's why. But why is this so? Read below for a more concrete situation. The best way I can explain my question is to use PHP as an example: PHP is loved thousands of people and hated by just as many thousands. All languages have flaws, but apparently PHP is special. Check out this blog post. It has a very long list of so called flaws in PHP. Now, I'm not a PHP developer (not yet), but I read through all of it and I'm sure that a big chunk of that list are indeed real issues. (Not all of it, since it's potentially subjective). Now, if I was one of the guys who actively develops PHP, I would surely want to fix those problems, one by one. However, if I do that, then code that relies on a particular behaviour of the language will break if it runs on the new version. Summing it up in 2 words: backwards compatibility. What I don't understand is: why should I keep PHP backwards compatible? If I release PHP version 8 with all those problems fixed, can't I just put a big warning on it saying: "Don't run old code on this version !"? There is a thing called deprecation. We had it for years and it works. In the context of PHP: look at how these days people actively discourage the use of the mysql_* functions (and instead recommend mysqli_* and PDO). Deprecation works. We can use it. We should use it. If it works for functions, why shouldn't it work for entire languages? Let's say I (the developer of PHP) do this: Launch a new version of PHP (let's say 8) with all of those flaws fixed New projects will start using that version, since it's much better, clearer, more secure etc. However, in order not to abandon older versions of PHP, I keep releasing updates to it, fixing security issues, bugs etc. This makes sense for reasons that I'm not listing here. It's common practice: look for example at how Oracle kept updating version 5.1.x of MySQL, even though it mostly focused on version 5.5.x. After about 3 or 4 years, I stop updating old versions of PHP and leave them to die. This is fine, since in those 3 or 4 years, most projects will have switched to PHP 8 anyway. My question is: Do all these steps make sense? Would it be so hard to do? If it can be done, then why isn't it done? Yes, the downside is that you break backwards compatibility. But isn't that a price worth paying ? As an upside, in 3 or 4 years you'll have a language that has 90 % of its problems fixed.... a language much more pleasant to work with. Its name will ensure its popularity. EDIT: OK, so I didn't expressed myself correctly when I said that in 3 or 4 years people will move to the hypothetical PHP 8. What I meant was: in 3 or 4 years, people will use PHP 8 if they start a new project.

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• I have a large number of links on every page, for design reasons I want to keep it but is it hurting my SEO

  - by Callum Rexter

  The site is http://www.centralsaddlery.co.uk We have other issues which we are tackling in terms of content etc but the question I have is: "Is my main navigation hurting us in SEO?" Its a lot of links and it's on a lot of pages. If so - what is a way to get google to ignore links below the top level. I had thought google would see that the links are hidden by default and only shown on hover but I can't verify this at all. We absolutely want to keep the menu, our customers like it and so do we - we think it is pretty usable as we have a lot of products to look at. Any advice is appreciated (and any tips for any part of the SEO are welcome too)

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