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• Hidden features of Bash

  - by Patrick

  Shell scripts are often used as glue, for automation and simple one-off tasks. What are some of your favorite "hidden" features of the Bash shell/scripting language? One feature per answer Give an example and short description of the feature, not just a link to documentation Label the feature using bold title as the first line See also: Hidden features of C Hidden features of C# Hidden features of C++ Hidden features of Delphi Hidden features of Python Hidden features of Java Hidden features of JavaScript Hidden features of Ruby Hidden features of PHP Hidden features of Perl Hidden features of VB.Net

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• How to get my geolocation in bash

  - by icco

  I am looking for a good geolocation api to use from bash. I want this call to return at the very minimum the name of the city I am in, and the state. I imagine that there must be some site I can curl, or some scripting language that has a package that works. The machine does not have a GPS, but it does use wireless internet most of the time if that is needed.

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• Real-time history export amongst bash terminal windows

  - by deadprogrammer

  Is it possible to share the same bash history file instance amongst all the terminal windows in real time? I want commands executed in one window to be available to all other terminal windows without having to restart them.

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• Lazy Evaluation in Bash

  - by User1

  Is there more elegant way of doing lazy evaluation than the following: pattern='$x and $y' x=1 y=2 eval "echo $pattern" results: 1 and 2 It works but eval "echo ..." just feels sloppy and may be insecure in some way. Is there a better way to do this in Bash?

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• Formatting the BASH command prompt

  - by Robert S. Barnes

  I would like to change the formatting on my BASH prompt from this: [email protected]:~/some/very/annoying/long/path$ to something like this: [email protected]:~/some/very/annoying/long/path $ The idea is that I would be able to type a reasonably long command on one line without it wrapping to the next line so quickly.

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• Bash: Terminate on Timeout/File Overflow while Executing Command

  - by Chris

  I'm writing a mock-grading script in bash. It's supposed to execute a C program which will give some output (which I redirect to a file.) I'm trying to (1) make it timeout after a certain duration and also (2) terminate if the output file reaches a certain file size limit. Not sure how to go about either of these. Any help? Thanks.

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• Bash scripting know the result of a command.

  - by Fork

  Hi, I am writing a bash script to run an integration test of a tool I am writing. Basically I run the application with a set of inputs and compare the results with expected values using the diff command line tool. It's working, but I would like to enhance it by knowing the result of the diff command and print "SUCCESS" or "FAIL" depending on the result of the diff. How can I do it?

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• convert dos/windows newline to unix newline in bash script

  - by Koran Molovik

  I bash, how do I convert dos/windows newlines to unix? It must be non-interactive, not like starting vi and typing something in, but a command on the command line that can be put in a script file. The dos2unix and unix2dos commands are not available on the system. How do I do this with commands like sed/awk/tr?

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• BASH: Find highest numbered filename in a directory where names start with digits (ls, sed)

  - by Jake

  I have a directory with files that look like this: 001_something.php 002_something_else.php 004_xyz.php 005_do_good_to_others.php I ultimately want to create a new, empty PHP file whose name starts with the next number in the series. LIST=`exec ls $MY_DIR | sed 's/\([0-9]\+\).*/\1/g' | tr '\n' ' '` The preceding code gives me a string like this: LIST='001 002 004 005 ' I want to grab that 005, increment by one, and then use that number to generate the new filename. How do I do that in BASH?

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• In a bash script echo shell commands

  - by user343547

  In a bash script how do I echo all shell commands called and expand any variable names? For example, given the following line: ls $DIRNAME I would like the script to run the command and display the following ls /full/path/to/some/dir The purpose is to save a log of all shell commands called and their arguments. Perhaps there is a better way of generating such a a log?

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• send key code to command line program os x bash script

  - by Sandy Vanderbleek

  I want to make a script that starts a program and then sends it key input. #!/bin/bash ./program (PRESS CONTROL-Z) Is this possible? From what I've found I thought it might require key codes but I could be wrong.

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• Bash: trim a parameter from both ends

  - by Andrey Kazak

  Greetings! This are well know Bash parameter expansion patterns: ${parameter#word}, ${parameter##word} and ${parameter%word}, ${parameter%%word} I need to chop one part from the beginning and anoter part from the trailing of the parameter. Could you advice something for me please?

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• Escape characters contained by bash variable in regex pattern

  - by Skuja

  In my bash script, i am trying to execute following Linux command: sed -i "/$data_line/ d" $data_dir $data_line is entered by user and it may conatain special characters that could brake regex. How can i escape all of the possible special characters in $data_line before i execute sed command?

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• Read characters from a text file using bash

  - by Simon Hodgson

  Does anyone know how I can read the first two characters from a file, using a bash script. The file in question is actually an I/O driver, it has no new line characters in it, and is in effect infinitely long.

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• Bash edit file and keep last 500 lines

  - by Lizard

  I am looking to create a cron job that opens a directory loops through all the logs i have created and deletes all lines but keep the last 500 for example. I was thinking of something along the lines of tail -n 500 filename > filename Would this work? I also not sure how to loop through a directory in bash Thanks in advance.

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• get bash history to vi

  - by nameanyone

  When I try to read bash history into vim, I get nothing. :r !history If I just execute the command, i.e. :!history instead of history I get a snapshot of my terminal as it looked before I started vim. How can I read the output of "history" into vim? Reading the contents of .bash_history won't do as I save history with timestamps: HISTTIMEFORMAT='%Y.%m.%d %R '

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• Bash or Bourne Scripts?

  - by sixtyfootersdude

  Is it better practice to write Bash scripts or Bourne scripts? My team writes Bourne scripts but I am not entirely sure why. If this is a holy war question (ie: vim vs. emacs) please just reply: holy war.

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• Inline comments for bash?

  - by Lajos Nagy

  I'd like to be able to comment out a single flag in a one-line command. Bash only seems to have `from # till end-of-line' comments. I'm looking at tricks like: ls -l $([ ] && -F is turned off) -a /etc It's ugly, but better than nothing. Anybody has any better suggestions?

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• running a bash script from a make file

  - by Matthew

  I have a makefile from which I want to call another external bash script to do another part of the building. How would I best go about doing this.

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• Bash script, read values from stdin pipe

  - by gmatt

  I'm trying to get bash to process data from stdin that gets piped it, but no luck, what I mean is none of the following work: echo "hello world" | test=($(< /dev/stdin)); echo test=$test test= echo "hello world" | read test; echo test=$test test= echo "hello world" | test=`cat`; echo test=$test test= where I want the output to be test=hello world. Note I've tried putting "" quotes around "$test" that doesn't work either.

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• bash completion for Subversion

  - by khmarbaise

  I've tried to load bash_completion in my bash (3.2.25), it does not work. No message etc. I've used the following in my .bashrc if [ -f ~/.bash_completion ]; then . ~/.bash_completion fi I also tried to use .bash_profile instead, but with the same result. So the problem is why does it not work? Any idea? Hints?

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• Recursive follow files in bash

  - by user328955

  I have files which contain file names pointing to other files. These files contain further file names pointing further files and so on. I need a bash script which follows each files recursively and logs into file every touched file during the run. file1: file2 file3 file2: file4 file3: file5 file4 and file5 are empty. Result: file1 file2 file4 file3 file5

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• Batch equivilant of Bash backticks

  - by MiffTheFox

  When working with Bash, I can put the output of one command into another command like so: my_command `echo Test` would be the same thing as my_command Test (Obviously, this is just a non-practical example.) I'm just wondering if you can do the same thing in Batch.

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• bash: assign grep regex results to array

  - by Ryan

  Hello everyone, I am trying to assign a regular expression result to an array inside of a bash script but I am unsure whether that's possible, or if I'm doing it entirely wrong. The below is what I want to happen, however I know my syntax is incorrect: indexes[4]=$(echo b5f1e7bfc2439c621353d1ce0629fb8b | grep -o '[a-f0-9]\{8\}') such that: index[1]=b5f1e7bf index[2]=c2439c62 index[3]=1353d1ce index[4]=0629fb8b Any links, or advice, would be wonderful :)

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• BASH Arithmetic Expressions

  - by Arko

  I had used several ways to do some simple integer arithmetic in BASH (3.2). But I can't figure out the best (preferred) way to do it. result=`expr 1 + 2` result=$(( 1 + 2 )) let "result = 1 + 2" What are the fundamental differences between those expressions? Is there other ways to do the same? Is the use of a tool like bc mandatory for floating point arithmetic? result=`echo "7/354" | bc`

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