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• Oracle????????(2013?7?)

  - by Steve He(???)

  ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????,??25??????5???Q&A??,????????????,???????,???????????,????????????????????? 7?11?14:00 ?? ?My Oracle Support????????? "?My Oracle Support??????"??????????????????Oracle??????????????????My Oracle Support??????????????????????????? ??????????My Oracle Support?????????,?????????????????????,????My Oracle Support???????,???????????????????:30??? 7?25?14:00 ?? WebLogic Server ????????????? ????WebLogic Server??????????,?????????1???????????????????WebLogic Server ????????????????????????????????? 7?17?14:00 ?? Exadata????: Diagnostic Assistant   ??Exadata???????Diagnostic Assistent (DA). ??????????????,????????????????,??ADR,RDA,OCM,Explorer? ?????????????: ????????,??Diagnostic Assistant?Exadata??????? ?????????????,????????????,????????????? 7?18?14:00 ?? E-Business Suite ?????? ????????????E-Business ???????????,??????????????? ?60???????????E-Business Suite???????????,????????????????DBA? 7?16?14:00 ?? ?????? My Oracle Support ??????????????????????,??? world clock.??????? Oracle ?????????????,??? note 603505.1 ????????????,??????????????(Mandarin)?????? Internet Explorer ??? My Oracle Support ????????????????? ?? ?? ?? ?? Oracle Support Best Practices(Oracle??????)(?) ???? ?? ?? GetProactive: Resolve Fast(??????)(?) ???? ?? ?? WebLogic GC & OutOfMemory Diagnostic(?) ????? ?? ?? Creating Customer Value ???? ?? ?? Oracle Support Basics ???? ?? ?? An Introduction to My Oracle Support ???? ?? ?? Service Request Management ???? ?? ?? Customer User Administration ???? ?? ?? Managing Favorite ???? ?? ?? Quick Search ???? ?? ?? Hot Topic Email ???? ?? ?? Patch and Update ???? ?? ?? Site Alert ???? ?? ?? Search and Browse Features in My Oracle Support ???? ?? ?? Why Use Configuration Manager In The My Oracle Support ???? ?? ?? Enterprise Manager 11g and My Oracle Support ???? ?? ?? Oracle Collaborative Support ???? ?? ?? How to Escalate a Service Request within Oracle Support ???? ?? ?? ????????,?? Support Training Community ??????????

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• New Exchange 2010 CAS cannot find domain controllers

  - by NorbyTheGeek

  I am experiencing problems migrating from Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2010. I am on the first step: installing a new 2010 Client Access Server role. The Active Directory domain functional level is 2003. All domain controllers are 2003 R2. The only existing Exchange 2003 server happens to be housed on one of the domain controllers. It is running Exchange 2003 Standard w/ SP2. IPv6 is enabled and working on all domain controllers, servers, and routers, including this new Exchange server. After installing the CAS role on a new 2008 R2 server (Hyper-V VM) I am receiving 2114 Events: Process MSEXCHANGEADTOPOLOGYSERVICE.EXE (PID=1600). Topology discovery failed, error 0x80040a02 (DSC_E_NO_SUITABLE_CDC). Look up the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) error code specified in the event description. To do this, use Microsoft Knowledge Base article 218185, "Microsoft LDAP Error Codes." Use the information in that article to learn more about the cause and resolution to this error. Use the Ping or PathPing command-line tools to test network connectivity to local domain controllers. Prior to each, I receive the following 2080 Event: Process MSEXCHANGEADTOPOLOGYSERVICE.EXE (PID=1600). Exchange Active Directory Provider has discovered the following servers with the following characteristics: (Server name | Roles | Enabled | Reachability | Synchronized | GC capable | PDC | SACL right | Critical Data | Netlogon | OS Version) In-site: b.company.intranet CDG 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 s.company.intranet CDG 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Out-of-site: a.company.intranet CD- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o.company.intranet CD- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 g.company.intranet CD- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Connectivity between the new Exchange server and all domain controllers via IPv4 and IPv6 are all working. I have verified that the new Exchange server is a member of the following groups: Exchange Servers Exchange Domain Servers Exchange Install Domain Servers Exchange Trusted Subsystem Heck, I even put the new Exchange server into Domain Admins just to see if it would help. It didn't. I can't find any evidence of Active Directory replication problems, all pre-setup Setup tasks (/PrepareLegacyExchangePermissions, /PrepareSchema, /PrepareAD, /PrepareDomain) completed successfully. The only problem so far that I haven't been able to resolve with my Active Directory is I am unable to get my IPv6 subnets into Sites and Services Where should I proceed from here?

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• StackOverFlowError while creating Mac object on AS400/Java

  - by Prasanna K Rao

  Hello all, I am a newbie to AS400-Java programming. I am trying to create my first program to test the implementation of Message Authentication Code (MAC). I am trying to use the HMACSHA1 hash function. My (Java 1.4) program runs fine on a dev box (V5R4).But fails terribly on the QA box (V5R3). My program is as below: ===================================================== import java.security.InvalidKeyException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.Security; import java.security.Provider; import javax.crypto.Mac; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import javax.crypto.SecretKey; public class Test01 { private static final String HMAC_SHA1_ALGORITHM = "HmacSHA1"; public static void main (String [] arguments) { byte[] key = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}; SecretKeySpec SHA1key = new SecretKeySpec(key, "HmacSHA1"); Mac hmac; String strFinalRslt = ""; try { hmac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1"); hmac.init(SHA1key); byte[] result = hmac.doFinal(); strFinalRslt = toHexString(result); }catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (InvalidKeyException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch(StackOverflowError e){ e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(strFinalRslt); System.out.println("All done!!!"); } public static byte[] fromHexString ( String s ) { int stringLength = s.length(); if ( (stringLength & 0x1) != 0 ) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ( "fromHexString requires an even number of hex characters" ); } byte[] b = new byte[stringLength / 2]; for ( int i=0,j=0; i 4] ); //look up low nibble char sb.append( hexChar [b[i] & 0x0f] ); } return sb.toString(); } static char[] hexChar = { '0' , '1' , '2' , '3' , '4' , '5' , '6' , '7' , '8' , '9' , 'a' , 'b' , 'c' , 'd' , 'e' , 'f'}; } This program compiles fine and gets the correct response on my win-xp client and also my dev box. But, fails with the following error on the QA box: java.lang.StackOverflowError at java.lang.Throwable.(Throwable.java:180) at java.lang.Error.(Error.java:37) at java.lang.StackOverflowError.(StackOverflowError.java:24) at java.io.Os400FileSystem.list(Native method) at java.io.File.list(File.java:922) at javax.crypto.b.e(Unknown source) at javax.crypto.b.a(Unknown source) at javax.crypto.b.c(Unknown source) at javax.crypto.b£0.run(Unknown source) at javax.crypto.b.(Unknown source) at javax.crypto.Mac.getInstance(Unknown source) I have verified the java.security file and entry corresponding to the jce files are all ok. The DMPJVM command gives me the following response: Thu Jun 03 12:25:34 E Java Virtual Machine Information 016822/QPGMR/11111 ........................................................................ . Classpath . ........................................................................ java.version=1.4 sun.boot.class.path=/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/jdkptf14.zip:/QIBM /ProdData/OS400/Java400/ext/ibmjssefw.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/CAP/ibmjsseprovide r.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/ext/ibmjsseprovider2.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/ OS400/Java400/ext/ibmpkcs11impl.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/CAP/ibmjssefips.jar:/QIB M/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/IBMiSeriesJSSE.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Ja va400/jdk/lib/jce.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/jaas.jar:/QIBM/P rodData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/ibmcertpathfw.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java40 0/jdk/lib/ibmcertpathprovider.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/ext/ibmpkcs. jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/ibmjgssfw.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400 /Java400/jdk/lib/ibmjgssprovider.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/s ecurity.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/charsets.jar:/QIBM/ProdDat a/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/resources.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/ rt.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/sunrsasign.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/O S400/Java400/ext/IBMmisc.jar:/QIBM/ProdData/Java400/ java.class.path=/myhome/lib/commons-codec-1.3.jar:/myhome/lib/commons-httpc lient-3.1.jar:/myhome/lib/commons-logging-1.1.jar:/myhome/lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/myhome/lib/log4j-core.jar ; java.ext.dirs=/QIBM/ProdData/OS400/Java400/jdk/lib/ext:/QIBM/UserData/Java4 00/ext:/QIBM/ProdData/Java400/jdk14/lib/ext java.library.path=/QSYS.LIB/ROBOTLIB.LIB:/QSYS.LIB/QTEMP.LIB:/QSYS.LIB/ODIP GM.LIB:/QSYS.LIB/QGPL.LIB ........................................................................ . Garbage Collection . ........................................................................ Garbage collector parameters Initial size: 16384 K Max size: 240000000 K Current values Heap size: 437952 K Garbage collections: 58 Additional values JIT heap size: 53824 K JVM heap size: 55752 K Last GC cycle time: 1333 ms ........................................................................ . Thread information . ........................................................................ Information for 4 thread(s) of 4 thread(s) processed Thread: 00000004 Thread-0 TDE: B00380000BAA0000 Thread priority: 5 Thread status: Running Thread group: main Runnable: java/lang/Thread Stack: java/io/Os400FileSystem.list(Ljava/io/File;)[Ljava/lang/String;+0 (Os400FileSystem.java:0) java/io/File.list()[Ljava/lang/String;+19 (File.java:922) javax/crypto/b.e()[B+127 (:0) javax/crypto/b.a(Ljava/security/cert/X509Certificate;)V+7 (:0) javax/crypto/b.access$500(Ljava/security/cert/X509Certificate;)V+1 (:0) javax/crypto/b$0.run()Ljava/lang/Object;+98 (:0) javax/crypto/b.()V+507 (:0) javax/crypto/Mac.getInstance(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljavax/crypto/Mac;+10 (:0) Locks: None Thread: 00000007 jitcompilethread TDE: B00380000BD58000 Thread priority: 5 Thread status: Java wait Thread group: system Runnable: java/lang/Thread Stack: None Locks: None Thread: 00000005 Reference Handler TDE: B00380000BAAC000 Thread priority: 10 Thread status: Waiting Wait object: java/lang/ref/Reference$Lock Thread group: system Runnable: java/lang/ref/Reference$ReferenceHandler Stack: java/lang/Object.wait()V+1 (Object.java:452) java/lang/ref/Reference$ReferenceHandler.run()V+47 (Reference.java:169) Locks: None Thread: 00000006 Finalizer TDE: B00380000BAB3000 Thread priority: 8 Thread status: Waiting Wait object: java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue$Lock Thread group: system Runnable: java/lang/ref/Finalizer$FinalizerThread Stack: java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue.remove(J)Ljava/lang/ref/Reference;+43 (ReferenceQueue.java:111) java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue.remove()Ljava/lang/ref/Reference;+1 (ReferenceQueue.java:127) java/lang/ref/Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run()V+3 (Finalizer.java:171) Locks: None ........................................................................ . Class loader information . ........................................................................ 0 Default class loader 1 sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader 2 sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader ........................................................................ . GC heap information . ........................................................................ Loader Objects Class name ------ ------- ---------- 0 1493 [C 0 2122181 java/lang/String 0 47 [Ljava/util/Hashtable$Entry; 0 68 [Ljava/lang/Object; 0 1016 java/lang/Class 0 31 java/util/HashMap 0 37 java/util/Hashtable 0 2 java/lang/ThreadGroup 0 2 java/lang/RuntimePermission 0 2 java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue$Null 0 5 java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue 0 50 java/util/Vector 0 4 java/util/Stack 0 3 sun/misc/SoftCache 0 1 [Ljava/lang/ThreadGroup; 0 5 [Ljava/io/ObjectStreamField; 0 1 sun/reflect/ReflectionFactory 0 7 java/lang/ref/ReferenceQueue$Lock 0 10 java/lang/Object 0 1 java/lang/String$CaseInsensitiveComparator 0 1 java/util/Hashtable$EmptyEnumerator 0 1 java/util/Hashtable$EmptyIterator 0 33 [Ljava/util/HashMap$Entry; 0 19210 [J 0 1 sun/nio/cs/StandardCharsets 0 5 java/util/TreeMap 0 1075 java/util/TreeMap$Entry 0 469 [Ljava/lang/String; 0 1 java/lang/StringBuffer 0 2 java/io/FileInputStream 0 2 java/io/FileOutputStream 0 2 java/io/BufferedOutputStream 0 1 java/lang/reflect/ReflectPermission 0 1 [[Ljava/lang/ref/SoftReference; 0 2 [Ljava/lang/ref/SoftReference; 0 2 sun/nio/cs/Surrogate$Parser 0 3 sun/misc/Signal 0 1 [Ljava/io/File; 0 6 java/io/File 0 1 java/util/BitSet 0 17 sun/reflect/NativeConstructorAccessorImpl 0 2 java/net/URLClassLoader$ClassFinder 0 12 java/util/ArrayList 0 32 java/io/RandomAccessFile 0 16 java/lang/Thread 0 1 java/lang/ref/Reference$ReferenceHandler 0 1 java/lang/ref/Finalizer$FinalizerThread 0 266 [B 0 2 java/util/Properties 0 71 java/lang/ref/Finalizer 0 2 com/ibm/nio/cs/DirectEncoder 0 38 java/lang/reflect/Constructor 0 33 java/util/jar/JarFile 0 19200 java/lang/StackOverflowError 0 5 java/security/AccessControlContext 0 2 [Ljava/lang/Thread; 0 4 java/lang/OutOfMemoryError 0 1065 java/util/Hashtable$Entry 0 1 java/io/BufferedInputStream 0 2 java/io/PrintStream 0 2 java/io/OutputStreamWriter 0 428 [I 0 3 java/lang/ClassLoader$NativeLibrary 0 25 java/util/Locale 0 3 sun/misc/URLClassPath 0 30 java/util/zip/Inflater 0 612 java/util/HashMap$Entry 0 2 java/io/FilePermission 0 10 java/io/ObjectStreamField 0 1 java/security/BasicPermissionCollection 0 2 java/security/ProtectionDomain 0 1 java/lang/Integer$1 0 1 java/lang/ref/Reference$Lock 0 1 java/lang/Shutdown$Lock 0 1 java/lang/Runtime 0 36 java/io/FileDescriptor 0 1 java/lang/Long$1 0 202 java/lang/Long 0 3 java/lang/ThreadLocal 0 3 java/nio/charset/CodingErrorAction 0 2 java/nio/charset/CoderResult 0 1 java/nio/charset/CoderResult$1 0 1 java/nio/charset/CoderResult$2 0 1 sun/misc/Unsafe 0 2 java/nio/ByteOrder 0 1 java/io/Os400FileSystem 0 3 java/lang/Boolean 0 1 java/lang/Terminator$1 0 23 java/lang/Integer 0 2 sun/misc/NativeSignalHandler 0 1 sun/misc/Launcher$Factory 0 1 sun/misc/Launcher 0 53 [Ljava/lang/Class; 0 1 java/lang/reflect/ReflectAccess 0 18 sun/reflect/DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl 0 1 sun/net/www/protocol/file/Handler 0 3 java/util/HashSet 0 3 sun/net/www/protocol/jar/Handler 0 1 java/util/jar/JavaUtilJarAccessImpl 0 1 java/net/UnknownContentHandler 0 2 [Ljava/security/Principal; 0 10 [Ljava/security/cert/Certificate; 0 2 sun/misc/AtomicLongCSImpl 0 3 sun/reflect/DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl 0 1 sun/security/util/ByteArrayLexOrder 0 1 sun/security/util/ByteArrayTagOrder 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateVersion 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateSerialNumber 0 7 sun/security/x509/SerialNumber 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateAlgorithmId 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateIssuerName 0 60 sun/security/x509/RDN 0 60 [Lsun/security/x509/AVA; 0 67 sun/security/util/DerInputStream 0 3 [Ljava/math/BigInteger; 0 2 com/ibm/nio/cs/Converter 0 2 sun/nio/cs/StreamEncoder$CharsetSE 0 35 java/lang/ref/SoftReference 0 2 java/nio/HeapByteBuffer 0 2 java/io/BufferedWriter 0 33 sun/misc/URLClassPath$JarLoader 0 4 java/lang/ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap$Entry 0 76 java/net/URL 0 1 sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader 0 1 sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader 0 4 java/lang/Throwable 0 7 java/lang/reflect/Method 0 2 sun/misc/URLClassPath$FileLoader 0 2 java/security/CodeSource 0 2 java/security/Permissions 0 2 java/io/FilePermissionCollection 0 1 java/lang/ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap 0 1 javax/crypto/spec/SecretKeySpec 0 17 java/util/jar/Attributes$Name 0 1 [Ljava/lang/ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap$Entry; 0 1 java/security/SecureRandom 0 2 sun/security/provider/Sun 0 1 java/util/jar/JarFile$JarFileEntry 0 1 java/util/jar/JarVerifier 0 3 sun/reflect/NativeMethodAccessorImpl 0 116 sun/security/util/ObjectIdentifier 0 1 java/lang/Package 0 2 [S 0 104 java/math/BigInteger 0 20 sun/security/x509/AlgorithmId 0 14 sun/security/x509/X500Name 0 14 [Lsun/security/x509/RDN; 0 60 sun/security/x509/AVA 0 67 sun/security/util/DerValue 0 67 sun/security/util/DerInputBuffer 0 21 sun/security/x509/AVAKeyword 0 6 sun/security/x509/X509CertImpl 0 7 sun/security/x509/X509CertInfo 0 1 [Lsun/security/util/ObjectIdentifier; 0 1 [[Ljava/lang/Byte; 0 3 [[B 0 7 sun/security/provider/DSAPublicKey 0 7 sun/security/x509/AuthorityKeyIdentifierExtension 0 12 [Ljava/lang/Byte; 0 14 java/lang/Byte 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateSubjectName 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateX509Key 0 14 sun/security/x509/KeyIdentifier 0 4 [Z 0 5 sun/text/Normalizer$Mode 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateValidity 0 14 java/util/Date 0 7 sun/security/provider/DSAParameters 0 7 sun/security/util/BitArray 0 7 sun/security/x509/CertificateExtensions 0 7 java/security/AlgorithmParameters 0 7 sun/security/x509/SubjectKeyIdentifierExtension 0 5 sun/security/x509/BasicConstraintsExtension 0 2 sun/security/x509/KeyUsageExtension 0 1 sun/text/CompactCharArray 0 1 sun/text/CompactByteArray 0 1 sun/net/www/protocol/jar/JarFileFactory 0 1 java/util/Collections$EmptySet 0 1 java/util/Collections$EmptyList 0 1 java/util/Collections$ReverseComparator 0 1 com/ibm/security/jgss/i18n/PropertyResource 0 1 javax/crypto/b$0 0 1 sun/security/provider/X509Factory 0 1 sun/reflect/BootstrapConstructorAccessorImpl 1 1 sun/reflect/GeneratedConstructorAccessor3202134454 2 1 com/ibm/crypto/provider/IBMJCE 0 6 java/util/ResourceBundle$LoaderReference 0 1 [Lsun/security/x509/NetscapeCertTypeExtension$MapEntry; 0 1 com/sun/rsajca/Provider 0 1 com/ibm/security/cert/IBMCertPath 0 1 com/ibm/as400/ibmonly/net/ssl/Provider 0 1 com/ibm/jsse/IBMJSSEProvider 0 1 com/ibm/security/jgss/IBMJGSSProvider 0 5 org/ietf/jgss/Oid 0 1 java/util/PropertyResourceBundle 0 7 java/util/ResourceBundle$ResourceCacheKey 0 2 sun/net/www/protocol/jar/URLJarFile 0 6 sun/misc/SoftCache$ValueCell 0 1 java/util/Random 0 1 java/util/Collections$EmptyMap 0 112 com/ibm/security/util/ObjectIdentifier 0 5 java/security/Security$ProviderProperty 0 1 java/security/cert/CertificateFactory 0 1 sun/security/provider/SecureRandom 0 2 java/security/MessageDigest$Delegate 0 2 sun/security/provider/SHA 0 1 sun/util/calendar/ZoneInfo 0 4 com/ibm/security/x509/X500Name 0 2 [Ljava/security/cert/X509Certificate; 0 1 sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader 0 1 sun/security/x509/NetscapeCertTypeExtension 0 7 sun/security/x509/NetscapeCertTypeExtension$MapEntry 0 3 [[Ljava/lang/String; 0 3 java/util/Arrays$ArrayList 0 7 com/ibm/security/x509/NetscapeCertTypeExtension$MapEntry 0 1 com/ibm/security/validator/EndEntityChecker 0 1 java/util/AbstractList$Itr 0 1 com/ibm/security/util/ByteArrayLexOrder 0 1 com/ibm/security/util/ByteArrayTagOrder 0 18 [Lcom/ibm/security/x509/AVA; 0 18 com/ibm/security/util/DerInputStream 0 5 com/ibm/security/util/text/Normalizer$Mode 0 1 com/ibm/security/validator/SimpleValidator 0 1 [Lcom/ibm/security/x509/NetscapeCertTypeExtension$MapEntry; 0 4 [Lcom/ibm/security/x509/RDN; 0 1 java/util/Hashtable$Enumerator 0 4 java/util/LinkedHashMap$Entry 0 1 sun/text/resources/LocaleElements 0 1 sun/text/resources/LocaleElements_en 0 22 com/ibm/security/x509/AVAKeyword 0 4 javax/security/auth/x500/X500Principal 0 18 com/ibm/security/x509/RDN 0 18 com/ibm/security/x509/AVA 0 18 com/ibm/security/util/DerInputBuffer 0 18 com/ibm/security/util/DerValue 0 1 com/ibm/security/util/text/CompactCharArray 0 1 com/ibm/security/util/text/CompactByteArray 0 2 java/util/LinkedHashMap 0 1 java/net/InetAddress$1 0 2 [Ljava/net/InetAddress; 0 2 java/net/InetAddress$Cache 0 1 java/net/Inet4AddressImpl 0 3 java/net/Inet4Address 0 2 java/net/InetAddress$CacheEntry ........................................................................ . Global registry information . ........................................................................ Loader Objects Class name ------ ------- ---------- 0 23 [C 0 1017 java/lang/Class 0 1 java/lang/ref/Reference$ReferenceHandler 0 1 java/lang/ref/Finalizer$FinalizerThread 0 1 sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader 0 32 java/io/RandomAccessFile 0 32 [B Can someone please advise me? Thanks a lot, Prasanna

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• Control layout using graphviz twopi

  - by vy32

  I am trying to draw a graph showing search prefixes using twopi. I have a simple input file and am getting this output: (full image) Here is the input file: digraph search { // ordering=out; // color=blue; // rank=same; // overlap=scale; rankdir=LR; root=root; ranksep=1.25; overlap=true; "root"; a [color=none,fontsize=12]; b [color=none,fontsize=12]; c [color=none,fontsize=12]; d [color=none,fontsize=12]; e [color=none,fontsize=12]; f [color=none,fontsize=12]; #g [color=none,fontsize=12]; h [color=none,fontsize=12]; i [color=none,fontsize=12]; j [color=none,fontsize=12]; k [color=none,fontsize=12]; l [color=none,fontsize=12]; m [color=none,fontsize=12]; n [color=none,fontsize=12]; o [color=none,fontsize=12]; p [color=none,fontsize=12]; q [color=none,fontsize=12]; r [color=none,fontsize=12]; s [color=none,fontsize=12]; t [color=none,fontsize=12]; u [color=none,fontsize=12]; v [color=none,fontsize=12]; w [color=none,fontsize=12]; x [color=none,fontsize=12]; y [color=none,fontsize=12]; #ga [color=none,fontsize=12]; gb [color=none,fontsize=12]; gc [color=none,fontsize=12]; gd [color=none,fontsize=12]; ge [color=none,fontsize=12]; gf [color=none,fontsize=12]; gg [color=none,fontsize=12]; gh [color=none,fontsize=12]; gi [color=none,fontsize=12]; gj [color=none,fontsize=12]; gk [color=none,fontsize=12]; gl [color=none,fontsize=12]; gm [color=none,fontsize=12]; gn [color=none,fontsize=12]; go [color=none,fontsize=12]; gp [color=none,fontsize=12]; gq [color=none,fontsize=12]; gr [color=none,fontsize=12]; gs [color=none,fontsize=12]; gt [color=none,fontsize=12]; gu [color=none,fontsize=12]; gv [color=none,fontsize=12]; gw [color=none,fontsize=12]; gx [color=none,fontsize=12]; gy [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaa [color=none,fontsize=12]; gab [color=none,fontsize=12]; gac [color=none,fontsize=12]; gad [color=none,fontsize=12]; gae [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaf [color=none,fontsize=12]; gag [color=none,fontsize=12]; gah [color=none,fontsize=12]; gai [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaj [color=none,fontsize=12]; gak [color=none,fontsize=12]; gal [color=none,fontsize=12]; gam [color=none,fontsize=12]; gan [color=none,fontsize=12]; gao [color=none,fontsize=12]; gap [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaq [color=none,fontsize=12]; #gaz [color=none,fontsize=12]; gas [color=none,fontsize=12]; gat [color=none,fontsize=12]; gau [color=none,fontsize=12]; gav [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaw [color=none,fontsize=12]; gax [color=none,fontsize=12]; gay [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaza [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazb [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazc [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazd [color=none,fontsize=12]; gaze [color=none,fontsize=12]; #gazf [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazg [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazh [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazi [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazj [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazk [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazl [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazm [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazn [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazo [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazp [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazq [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazr [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazs [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazt [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazu [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazv [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazw [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazx [color=none,fontsize=12]; gazy [color=none,fontsize=12]; root -> a [minlen=2]; root -> b [minlen=2]; root -> c [minlen=2]; root -> d [minlen=2]; root -> e [minlen=2]; root -> f [minlen=2]; root -> g [minlen=2]; root -> h [minlen=2]; root -> i [minlen=2]; root -> j [minlen=2]; root -> k [minlen=2]; root -> l [minlen=2]; root -> m [minlen=2]; root -> n [minlen=2]; root -> o [minlen=2]; root -> p [minlen=2]; root -> q [minlen=2]; root -> r [minlen=2]; root -> s [minlen=20]; root -> t [minlen=2]; root -> u [minlen=2]; root -> v [minlen=2]; root -> w [minlen=2]; root -> x [minlen=2]; root -> y [minlen=2]; root -> 0 [minlen=2]; root -> 1 [minlen=2]; root -> 2 [minlen=2]; root -> 3 [minlen=2]; root -> 4 [minlen=2]; root -> 5 [minlen=2]; root -> 6 [minlen=2]; root -> 7 [minlen=2]; root -> 8 [minlen=2]; root -> 9 [minlen=2]; root -> "." [minlen=2]; g -> ga ; g -> gb ; g -> gc ; g -> gd ; g -> ge ; g -> gf ; g -> gg ; g -> gh ; g -> gi ; g -> gj ; g -> gk ; g -> gl ; g -> gm ; g -> gn ; g -> go ; g -> gp ; g -> gq ; g -> gr ; g -> gs ; g -> gt ; g -> gu ; g -> gv ; g -> gw ; g -> gx ; g -> gy ; ga -> gaa ; ga -> gab ; ga -> gac ; ga -> gad ; ga -> gae ; ga -> gaf ; ga -> gag ; ga -> gah ; ga -> gai ; ga -> gaj ; ga -> gak ; ga -> gal ; ga -> gam ; ga -> gan ; ga -> gao ; ga -> gap ; ga -> gaq ; ga -> gaz ; ga -> gas ; ga -> gat ; ga -> gau ; ga -> gav ; ga -> gaw ; ga -> gax ; ga -> gay ; gaz -> gaza ; gaz -> gazb ; gaz -> gazc ; gaz -> gazd ; gaz -> gaze ; gaz -> gazf ; gaz -> gazg ; gaz -> gazh ; gaz -> gazi ; gaz -> gazj ; gaz -> gazk ; gaz -> gazl ; gaz -> gazm ; gaz -> gazn ; gaz -> gazo ; gaz -> gazp ; gaz -> gazq ; gaz -> gazr ; gaz -> gazs ; gaz -> gazt ; gaz -> gazu ; gaz -> gazv ; gaz -> gazw ; gaz -> gazx ; gaz -> gazy ; gazo -> "Blue Tuesday" ; "Blue Tuesday" [ fontsize=10]; // Layout engines: circo dot fdp neato nop nop1 nop2 osage patchwork sfdp twopi } This output is generated with: twopi -os1.png -Tpng s1.dot I'm posting here because the printout is pretty dreadful. All of the nodes hung of "gaz" are overlapping; I've tried specifying nodesep and it is simply ignored. I would like to see the lines from root to the single letters further apart, but again, I can't control that. This seems to be a bug in twopi. The documentation says it should clearly follow these directives, but it doesn't seem to. My questions: Is there any way to make twopi behave? Failing that, is there a better layout engine to use? Thanks.

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• trouble running smooth animation in thread only when using key listener

  - by heysuse renard

  first time using a forum for coding help so sorry if i post this all wrong. i have more than a few classes i don't think screenManger or core holds the problem but i included them just incase. i got most of this code working through a set of tutorials. but a certain point started trying to do more on my own. i want to play the animation only when i'm moving my sprite. in my KeyTest class i am using threads to run the animation it used to work (poorly) but now not at all pluss it really gunks up my computer. i think it's because of the thread. im new to threads so i'm not to sure if i should even be using one in this situation or if its dangerous for my computer. the animation worked smoothly when i had the sprite bouce around the screen forever. the animation loop played with out stopping. i think the main problem is between the animationThread, Sprite, and keyTest classes, but itcould be more indepth. if someone could point me in the right direction for making the animation run smoothly when i push down a key and stop runing when i let off it would be greatly apriciated. i already looked at this Java a moving animation (sprite) obviously we were doing the same tutorial. but i feel my problem is slightly different. p.s. sorry for the typos. import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class KeyTest extends Core implements KeyListener { public static void main(String[] args) { new KeyTest().run(); } Sprite player1; Image hobo; Image background; animation hoboRun; animationThread t1; //init also calls init form superclass public void init() { super.init(); loadImages(); Window w = s.getFullScreenWindow(); w.setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled(false); w.addKeyListener(this); } //load method will go here. //load all pics need for animation and sprite public void loadImages() { background = new ImageIcon("\\\\STUART-PC\\Users\\Stuart\\workspace\\Gaming\\yellow square.jpg").getImage(); Image face1 = new ImageIcon("\\\\STUART-PC\\Users\\Stuart\\workspace\\Gaming\\circle.png").getImage(); Image face2 = new ImageIcon("\\\\STUART-PC\\Users\\Stuart\\workspace\\Gaming\\one eye.png").getImage(); hoboRun = new animation(); hoboRun.addScene(face1, 250); hoboRun.addScene(face2, 250); player1 = new Sprite(hoboRun); this.t1 = new animationThread(); this.t1.setAnimation(player1); } //key pressed public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) { stop(); } if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) { player1.setVelocityX(0.3f); try { this.t1.setRunning(true); Thread th1 = new Thread(this.t1); th1.start(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("noooo"); } } if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { player1.setVelocityX(-0.3f); try { this.t1.setRunning(true); Thread th1 = new Thread(this.t1); th1.start(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("noooo"); } } if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { player1.setVelocityY(0.3f); try { this.t1.setRunning(true); Thread th1 = new Thread(this.t1); th1.start(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("noooo"); } } if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) { player1.setVelocityY(-0.3f); try { this.t1.setRunning(true); Thread th1 = new Thread(this.t1);; th1.start(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("noooo"); } } else { e.consume(); } } //keyReleased @SuppressWarnings("static-access") public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT || keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { player1.setVelocityX(0); try { this.t1.setRunning(false); } catch (Exception ex) { } } if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP || keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { player1.setVelocityY(0); try { this.t1.setRunning(false); } catch (Exception ex) { } } else { e.consume(); } } //last method from interface public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { e.consume(); } //draw public void draw(Graphics2D g) { Window w = s.getFullScreenWindow(); g.setColor(w.getBackground()); g.fillRect(0, 0, s.getWidth(), s.getHieght()); g.setColor(w.getForeground()); g.drawImage(player1.getImage(), Math.round(player1.getX()), Math.round(player1.getY()), null); } public void update(long timePassed) { player1.update(timePassed); } } abstract class Core { private static DisplayMode modes[] = { new DisplayMode(1600, 900, 64, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 480, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 480, 16, 0),}; private boolean running; protected ScreenManager s; //stop method public void stop() { running = false; } public void run() { try { init(); gameLoop(); } finally { s.restoreScreen(); } } //set to full screen //set current background here public void init() { s = new ScreenManager(); DisplayMode dm = s.findFirstCompatibleMode(modes); s.setFullScreen(dm); Window w = s.getFullScreenWindow(); w.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 20)); w.setBackground(Color.GREEN); w.setForeground(Color.WHITE); running = true; } //main gameLoop public void gameLoop() { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long cumTime = startTime; while (running) { long timePassed = System.currentTimeMillis() - cumTime; cumTime += timePassed; update(timePassed); Graphics2D g = s.getGraphics(); draw(g); g.dispose(); s.update(); try { Thread.sleep(20); } catch (Exception ex) { } } } //update animation public void update(long timePassed) { } //draws to screen abstract void draw(Graphics2D g); } class animationThread implements Runnable { String name; boolean playing; Sprite a; //constructor takes input from keyboard public animationThread() { } //The run method for animation public void run() { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long cumTime = startTime; boolean test = getRunning(); while (test) { long timePassed = System.currentTimeMillis() - cumTime; cumTime += timePassed; test = getRunning(); } } public String getName() { return name; } public void setAnimation(Sprite a) { this.a = a; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setRunning(boolean running) { this.playing = running; } public boolean getRunning() { return playing; } } class animation { private ArrayList scenes; private int sceneIndex; private long movieTime; private long totalTime; //constructor public animation() { scenes = new ArrayList(); totalTime = 0; start(); } //add scene to ArrayLisy and set time for each scene public synchronized void addScene(Image i, long t) { totalTime += t; scenes.add(new OneScene(i, totalTime)); } public synchronized void start() { movieTime = 0; sceneIndex = 0; } //change scenes public synchronized void update(long timePassed) { if (scenes.size() > 1) { movieTime += timePassed; if (movieTime >= totalTime) { movieTime = 0; sceneIndex = 0; } while (movieTime > getScene(sceneIndex).endTime) { sceneIndex++; } } } //get animations current scene(aka image) public synchronized Image getImage() { if (scenes.size() == 0) { return null; } else { return getScene(sceneIndex).pic; } } //get scene private OneScene getScene(int x) { return (OneScene) scenes.get(x); } //Private Inner CLASS////////////// private class OneScene { Image pic; long endTime; public OneScene(Image pic, long endTime) { this.pic = pic; this.endTime = endTime; } } } class Sprite { private animation a; private float x; private float y; private float vx; private float vy; //Constructor public Sprite(animation a) { this.a = a; } //change position public void update(long timePassed) { x += vx * timePassed; y += vy * timePassed; } public void startAnimation(long timePassed) { a.update(timePassed); } //get x position public float getX() { return x; } //get y position public float getY() { return y; } //set x public void setX(float x) { this.x = x; } //set y public void setY(float y) { this.y = y; } //get sprite width public int getWidth() { return a.getImage().getWidth(null); } //get sprite height public int getHeight() { return a.getImage().getHeight(null); } //get horizontal velocity public float getVelocityX() { return vx; } //get vertical velocity public float getVelocityY() { return vx; } //set horizontal velocity public void setVelocityX(float vx) { this.vx = vx; } //set vertical velocity public void setVelocityY(float vy) { this.vy = vy; } //get sprite / image public Image getImage() { return a.getImage(); } } class ScreenManager { private GraphicsDevice vc; public ScreenManager() { GraphicsEnvironment e = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment(); vc = e.getDefaultScreenDevice(); } //get all compatible DM public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() { return vc.getDisplayModes(); } //compares DM passed into vc DM and see if they match public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode(DisplayMode modes[]) { DisplayMode goodModes[] = vc.getDisplayModes(); for (int x = 0; x < modes.length; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < goodModes.length; y++) { if (displayModesMatch(modes[x], goodModes[y])) { return modes[x]; } } } return null; } //get current DM public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() { return vc.getDisplayMode(); } //checks if two modes match each other public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode m1, DisplayMode m2) { if (m1.getWidth() != m2.getWidth() || m1.getHeight() != m2.getHeight()) { return false; } if (m1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && m2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && m1.getBitDepth() != m2.getBitDepth()) { return false; } if (m1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && m2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && m1.getRefreshRate() != m2.getRefreshRate()) { return false; } return true; } //make frame full screen public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode dm) { JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.setUndecorated(true); f.setIgnoreRepaint(true); f.setResizable(false); vc.setFullScreenWindow(f); if (dm != null && vc.isDisplayChangeSupported()) { try { vc.setDisplayMode(dm); } catch (Exception ex) { } } f.createBufferStrategy(2); } //sets graphics object = this return public Graphics2D getGraphics() { Window w = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (w != null) { BufferStrategy s = w.getBufferStrategy(); return (Graphics2D) s.getDrawGraphics(); } else { return null; } } //updates display public void update() { Window w = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (w != null) { BufferStrategy s = w.getBufferStrategy(); if (!s.contentsLost()) { s.show(); } } } //returns full screen window public Window getFullScreenWindow() { return vc.getFullScreenWindow(); } //get width of window public int getWidth() { Window w = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (w != null) { return w.getWidth(); } else { return 0; } } //get height of window public int getHieght() { Window w = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (w != null) { return w.getHeight(); } else { return 0; } } //get out of full screen public void restoreScreen() { Window w = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (w != null) { w.dispose(); } vc.setFullScreenWindow(null); } //create image compatible with monitor public BufferedImage createCopatibleImage(int w, int h, int t) { Window win = vc.getFullScreenWindow(); if (win != null) { GraphicsConfiguration gc = win.getGraphicsConfiguration(); return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, t); } return null; } }

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• Why lock-free data structures just aren't lock-free enough

  - by Alex.Davies

  Today's post will explore why the current ways to communicate between threads don't scale, and show you a possible way to build scalable parallel programming on top of shared memory. The problem with shared memory Soon, we will have dozens, hundreds and then millions of cores in our computers. It's inevitable, because individual cores just can't get much faster. At some point, that's going to mean that we have to rethink our architecture entirely, as millions of cores can't all access a shared memory space efficiently. But millions of cores are still a long way off, and in the meantime we'll see machines with dozens of cores, struggling with shared memory. Alex's tip: The best way for an application to make use of that increasing parallel power is to use a concurrency model like actors, that deals with synchronisation issues for you. Then, the maintainer of the actors framework can find the most efficient way to coordinate access to shared memory to allow your actors to pass messages to each other efficiently. At the moment, NAct uses the .NET thread pool and a few locks to marshal messages. It works well on dual and quad core machines, but it won't scale to more cores. Every time we use a lock, our core performs an atomic memory operation (eg. CAS) on a cell of memory representing the lock, so it's sure that no other core can possibly have that lock. This is very fast when the lock isn't contended, but we need to notify all the other cores, in case they held the cell of memory in a cache. As the number of cores increases, the total cost of a lock increases linearly. A lot of work has been done on "lock-free" data structures, which avoid locks by using atomic memory operations directly. These give fairly dramatic performance improvements, particularly on systems with a few (2 to 4) cores. The .NET 4 concurrent collections in System.Collections.Concurrent are mostly lock-free. However, lock-free data structures still don't scale indefinitely, because any use of an atomic memory operation still involves every core in the system. A sync-free data structure Some concurrent data structures are possible to write in a completely synchronization-free way, without using any atomic memory operations. One useful example is a single producer, single consumer (SPSC) queue. It's easy to write a sync-free fixed size SPSC queue using a circular buffer*. Slightly trickier is a queue that grows as needed. You can use a linked list to represent the queue, but if you leave the nodes to be garbage collected once you're done with them, the GC will need to involve all the cores in collecting the finished nodes. Instead, I've implemented a proof of concept inspired by this intel article which reuses the nodes by putting them in a second queue to send back to the producer. * In all these cases, you need to use memory barriers correctly, but these are local to a core, so don't have the same scalability problems as atomic memory operations. Performance tests I tried benchmarking my SPSC queue against the .NET ConcurrentQueue, and against a standard Queue protected by locks. In some ways, this isn't a fair comparison, because both of these support multiple producers and multiple consumers, but I'll come to that later. I started on my dual-core laptop, running a simple test that had one thread producing 64 bit integers, and another consuming them, to measure the pure overhead of the queue. So, nothing very interesting here. Both concurrent collections perform better than the lock-based one as expected, but there's not a lot to choose between the ConcurrentQueue and my SPSC queue. I was a little disappointed, but then, the .NET Framework team spent a lot longer optimising it than I did. So I dug out a more powerful machine that Red Gate's DBA tools team had been using for testing. It is a 6 core Intel i7 machine with hyperthreading, adding up to 12 logical cores. Now the results get more interesting. As I increased the number of producer-consumer pairs to 6 (to saturate all 12 logical cores), the locking approach was slow, and got even slower, as you'd expect. What I didn't expect to be so clear was the drop-off in performance of the lock-free ConcurrentQueue. I could see the machine only using about 20% of available CPU cycles when it should have been saturated. My interpretation is that as all the cores used atomic memory operations to safely access the queue, they ended up spending most of the time notifying each other about cache lines that need invalidating. The sync-free approach scaled perfectly, despite still working via shared memory, which after all, should still be a bottleneck. I can't quite believe that the results are so clear, so if you can think of any other effects that might cause them, please comment! Obviously, this benchmark isn't realistic because we're only measuring the overhead of the queue. Any real workload, even on a machine with 12 cores, would dwarf the overhead, and there'd be no point worrying about this effect. But would that be true on a machine with 100 cores? Still to be solved. The trouble is, you can't build many concurrent algorithms using only an SPSC queue to communicate. In particular, I can't see a way to build something as general purpose as actors on top of just SPSC queues. Fundamentally, an actor needs to be able to receive messages from multiple other actors, which seems to need an MPSC queue. I've been thinking about ways to build a sync-free MPSC queue out of multiple SPSC queues and some kind of sign-up mechanism. Hopefully I'll have something to tell you about soon, but leave a comment if you have any ideas.

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• Thread.Interrupt Is Evil

  - by Alois Kraus

  Recently I have found an interesting issue with Thread.Interrupt during application shutdown. Some application was crashing once a week and we had not really a clue what was the issue. Since it happened not very often it was left as is until we have got some memory dumps during the crash. A memory dump usually means WindDbg which I really like to use (I know I am one of the very few fans of it).  After a quick analysis I did find that the main thread already had exited and the thread with the crash was stuck in a Monitor.Wait. Strange Indeed. Running the application a few thousand times under the debugger would potentially not have shown me what the reason was so I decided to what I call constructive debugging. I did create a simple Console application project and try to simulate the exact circumstances when the crash did happen from the information I have via memory dump and source code reading. The thread that was  crashing was actually MS code from an old version of the Microsoft Caching Application Block. From reading the code I could conclude that the main thread did call the Dispose method on the CacheManger class which did call Thread.Interrupt on the cache scavenger thread which was just waiting for work to do. My first version of the repro looked like this   static void Main(string[] args) { Thread t = new Thread(ThreadFunc) { IsBackground = true, Name = "Test Thread" }; t.Start(); Console.WriteLine("Interrupt Thread"); t.Interrupt(); } static void ThreadFunc() { while (true) { object value = Dequeue(); // block until unblocked or awaken via ThreadInterruptedException } } static object WaitObject = new object(); static object Dequeue() { object lret = "got value"; try { lock (WaitObject) { } } catch (ThreadInterruptedException) { Console.WriteLine("Got ThreadInterruptException"); lret = null; } return lret; } I do start a background thread and call Thread.Interrupt on it and then directly let the application terminate. The thread in the meantime does plenty of Monitor.Enter/Leave calls to simulate work on it. This first version did not crash. So I need to dig deeper. From the memory dump I did know that the finalizer thread was doing just some critical finalizers which were closing file handles. Ok lets add some long running finalizers to the sample. class FinalizableObject : CriticalFinalizerObject { ~FinalizableObject() { Console.WriteLine("Hi we are waiting to finalize now and block the finalizer thread for 5s."); Thread.Sleep(5000); } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { FinalizableObject fin = new FinalizableObject(); Thread t = new Thread(ThreadFunc) { IsBackground = true, Name = "Test Thread" }; t.Start(); Console.WriteLine("Interrupt Thread"); t.Interrupt(); GC.KeepAlive(fin); // prevent finalizing it too early // After leaving main the other thread is woken up via Thread.Abort // while we are finalizing. This causes a stackoverflow in the CLR ThreadAbortException handling at this time. } With this changed Main method and a blocking critical finalizer I did get my crash just like the real application. The funny thing is that this is actually a CLR bug. When the main method is left the CLR does suspend all threads except the finalizer thread and declares all objects as garbage. After the normal finalizers were called the critical finalizers are executed to e.g. free OS handles (usually). Remember that I did call Thread.Interrupt as one of the last methods in the Main method. The Interrupt method is actually asynchronous and does wake a thread up and throws a ThreadInterruptedException only once unlike Thread.Abort which does rethrow the exception when an exception handling clause is left. It seems that the CLR does not expect that a frozen thread does wake up again while the critical finalizers are executed. While trying to raise a ThreadInterrupedException the CLR goes down with an stack overflow. Ups not so nice. Why has this nobody noticed for years is my next question. As it turned out this error does only happen on the CLR for .NET 4.0 (x86 and x64). It does not show up in earlier or later versions of the CLR. I have reported this issue on connect here but so far it was not confirmed as a CLR bug. But I would be surprised if my console application was to blame for a stack overflow in my test thread in a Monitor.Wait call. What is the moral of this story? Thread.Abort is evil but Thread.Interrupt is too. It is so evil that even the CLR of .NET 4.0 contains a race condition during the CLR shutdown. When the CLR gurus can get it wrong the chances are high that you get it wrong too when you use this constructs. If you do not believe me see what Patrick Smacchia does blog about Thread.Abort and List.Sort. Not only the CLR creators can get it wrong. The BCL writers do sometimes have a hard time with correct exception handling as well. If you do tell me that you use Thread.Abort frequently and never had problems with it I do suspect that you do not have looked deep enough into your application to find such sporadic errors.

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• Profiling Startup Of VS2012 &ndash; YourKit Profiler

  - by Alois Kraus

  The YourKit (v7.0.5) profiler is interesting in terms of price (79€ single place license, 409€ + 1 year support and upgrades) and feature set. You do get a performance and memory profiler in one package for which you normally need also to pay extra from the other vendors. As an interesting side note the profiler UI is written in Java because they do also sell Java profilers with the same feature set. To get all methods of a VS startup you need first to configure it to include System* in the profiled methods and you need to configure * to measure wall clock time. By default it does record only CPU times which allows you to optimize CPU hungry operations. But you will never see a Thread.Sleep(10000) in the profiler blocking the UI in this mode. It can profile as all others processes started from within the profiler but it can also profile the next or all started processes. As usual it can profile in sampling and tracing mode. But since it is a memory profiler as well it does by default also record all object allocations > 1MB. With allocation recording enabled VS2012 did crash but without allocation recording there were no problems. The CPU tab contains the time line of the application and when you click in the graph you the call stacks of all threads at this time. This is really a nice feature. When you select a time region you the CPU Usage estimation for this time window. I have seen many applications consuming 100% CPU only because they did create garbage like crazy. For this is the Garbage Collection tab interesting in conjunction with a time range. This view is like the CPU table only that the CPU graph (green) is missing. All relevant information except for GCs/s is already visible in the CPU tab. Very handy to pinpoint excessive GC or CPU bound issues. The Threads tab does show the thread names and their lifetime. This is useful to see thread interactions or which thread is hottest in terms of CPU consumption. On the CPU tab the call tree does exist in a merged and thread specific view. When you click on a method you get below a list of all called methods. There you can sort for methods with a high own time which are worth optimizing. In the Method List you can select which scope you want to see. Back Traces are the methods which did call you. Callees ist the list of methods called directly or indirectly by your method as a flat list. This is not a call stack but still very useful to see which methods were slow so you can see the “root” cause quite quickly without the need to click trough long call stacks. The last view Merged Calles is a call stacked view of the previous view. This does help a lot to understand did call each method at run time. You would get the same view with a debugger for one call invocation but here you get the full statistics (invocation count) as well. Since YourKit is also a memory profiler you can directly see which objects you have on your managed heap and which objects do hold most of your precious memory. You can in in the Object Explorer view also examine the contents of your objects (strings or whatsoever) to get a better understanding which objects where potentially allocating this stuff.   YourKit is a very easy to use combined memory and performance profiler in one product. The unbeatable single license price makes it very attractive to straightly buy it. Although it is a Java UI it is very responsive and the memory consumption is considerably lower compared to dotTrace and ANTS profiler. What I do really like is to start the YourKit ui and then start the processes I want to profile as usual. There is no need to alter your own application code to be able to inject a profiler into your new started processes. For performance and memory profiling you can simply select the process you want to investigate from the list of started processes. That's the way I like to use profilers. Just get out of the way and let the application run without any special preparations.   Next: Telerik JustTrace

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• WMemoryProfiler is Released

  - by Alois Kraus

  What is it? WMemoryProfiler is a managed profiling Api to aid integration testing. This free library can get managed heap statistics and memory usage for your own process (remember testing) and other processes as well. The best thing is that it does work from .NET 2.0 up to .NET 4.5 in x86 and x64. To make it more interesting it can attach to any running .NET process. The reason why I do mention this is that commercial profilers do support this functionality only for their professional editions. An normally only since .NET 4.0 since the profiling API only since then does support attaching to a running process. This thing does differ in many aspects from “normal” profilers because while profiling yourself you can get all objects from all managed heaps back as an object array. If you ever wanted to change the state of an object which does only exist a method local in another thread you can get your hands on it now … Enough theory. Show me some code /// <summary> /// Show feature to not only get statisics out of a process but also the newly allocated /// instances since the last call to MarkCurrentObjects. /// GetNewObjects does return the newly allocated objects as object array /// </summary> static void InstanceTracking() { using (var dumper = new MemoryDumper()) // if you have problems use to see the debugger windows true,true)) { dumper.MarkCurrentObjects(); Allocate(); ILookup<Type, object> newObjects = dumper.GetNewObjects() .ToLookup( x => x.GetType() ); Console.WriteLine("New Strings:"); foreach (var newStr in newObjects[typeof(string)] ) { Console.WriteLine("Str: {0}", newStr); } } } … New Strings: Str: qqd Str: String data: Str: String data: 0 Str: String data: 1 … This is really hot stuff. Not only you can get heap statistics but you can directly examine the new objects and make queries upon them. When I do find more time I can reconstruct the object root graph from it from my own process. It this cool or what? You can also peek into the Finalization Queue to check if you did accidentally forget to dispose a whole bunch of objects … /// <summary> /// .NET 4.0 or above only. Get all finalizable objects which are ready for finalization and have no other object roots anymore. /// </summary> static void NotYetFinalizedObjects() { using (var dumper = new MemoryDumper()) { object[] finalizable = dumper.GetObjectsReadyForFinalization(); Console.WriteLine("Currently {0} objects of types {1} are ready for finalization. Consider disposing them before.", finalizable.Length, String.Join(",", finalizable.ToLookup( x=> x.GetType() ) .Select( x=> x.Key.Name)) ); } } How does it work? The W of WMemoryProfiler is a good hint. It does employ Windbg and SOS dll to do the heavy lifting and concentrates on an easy to use Api which does hide completely Windbg. If you do not want to see Windbg you will never see it. In my experience the most complex thing is actually to download Windbg from the Windows 8 Stanalone SDK. This is described in the Readme and the exception you are greeted with if it is missing in much greater detail. So I will not go into this here.   What Next? Depending on the feedback I do get I can imagine some features which might be useful as well Calculate first order GC Roots from the actual object graph Identify global statics in Types in object graph Support read out of finalization queue of .NET 2.0 as well. Support Memory Dump analysis (again a feature only supported by commercial profilers in their professional editions if it is supported at all) Deserialize objects from a memory dump into a live process back (this would need some more investigation but it is doable) The last item needs some explanation. Why on earth would you want to do that? The basic idea is to store in your live process some logging/tracing data which can become quite big but since it is never written to it is very fast to generate. When your process crashes with a memory dump you could transfer this data structure back into a live viewer which can then nicely display your program state at the point it did crash. This is an advanced trouble shooting technique I have not seen anywhere yet but it could be quite useful. You can have here a look at the current feature list of WMemoryProfiler with some examples.   How To Get Started? First I would download the released source package (it is tiny). And compile the complete project. Then you can compile the Example project (it has this name) and uncomment in the main method the scenario you want to check out. If you are greeted with an exception it is time to install the Windows 8 Standalone SDK which is described in great detail in the exception text. Thats it for the first round. I have seen something more limited in the Java world some years ago (now I cannot find the link anymore) but anyway. Now we have something much better.

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• Building a Repository Pattern against an EF 5 EDMX Model - Part 1

  - by Juan

  I am part of a year long plus project that is re-writing an existing application for a client.  We have decided to develop the project using Visual Studio 2012 and .NET 4.5.  The project will be using a number of technologies and patterns to include Entity Framework 5, WCF Services, and WPF for the client UI.This is my attempt at documenting some of the successes and failures that I will be coming across in the development of the application.In building the data access layer we have to access a database that has already been designed by a dedicated dba. The dba insists on using Stored Procedures which has made the use of EF a little more difficult.  He will not allow direct table access but we did manage to get him to allow us to use Views.  Since EF 5 does not have good support to do Code First with Stored Procedures, my option was to create a model (EDMX) against the existing database views.   I then had to go select each entity and map the Insert/Update/Delete functions to their respective stored procedure. The next step after I had completed mapping the stored procedures to the entities in the EDMX model was to figure out how to build a generic repository that would work well with Entity Framework 5.  After reading the blog posts below, I adopted much of their code with some changes to allow for the use of Ninject for dependency injection.http://www.tcscblog.com/2012/06/22/entity-framework-generic-repository/ http://www.tugberkugurlu.com/archive/generic-repository-pattern-entity-framework-asp-net-mvc-and-unit-testing-triangle IRepository.cs public interface IRepository : IDisposable where T : class { void Add(T entity); void Update(T entity, int id); T GetById(object key); IQueryable Query(Expression> predicate); IQueryable GetAll(); int SaveChanges(); int SaveChanges(bool validateEntities); } GenericRepository.cs public abstract class GenericRepository : IRepository where T : class { public abstract void Add(T entity); public abstract void Update(T entity, int id); public abstract T GetById(object key); public abstract IQueryable Query(Expression> predicate); public abstract IQueryable GetAll(); public int SaveChanges() { return SaveChanges(true); } public abstract int SaveChanges(bool validateEntities); public abstract void Dispose(); } One of the issues I ran into was trying to do an update. I kept receiving errors so I posted a question on Stack Overflow http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12585664/an-object-with-the-same-key-already-exists-in-the-objectstatemanager-the-object and came up with the following hack. If someone has a better way, please let me know. DbContextRepository.cs public class DbContextRepository : GenericRepository where T : class { protected DbContext Context; protected DbSet DbSet; public DbContextRepository(DbContext context) { if (context == null) throw new ArgumentException("context"); Context = context; DbSet = Context.Set(); } public override void Add(T entity) { if (entity == null) throw new ArgumentException("Cannot add a null entity."); DbSet.Add(entity); } public override void Update(T entity, int id) { if (entity == null) throw new ArgumentException("Cannot update a null entity."); var entry = Context.Entry(entity); if (entry.State == EntityState.Detached) { var attachedEntity = DbSet.Find(id); // Need to have access to key if (attachedEntity != null) { var attachedEntry = Context.Entry(attachedEntity); attachedEntry.CurrentValues.SetValues(entity); } else { entry.State = EntityState.Modified; // This should attach entity } } } public override T GetById(object key) { return DbSet.Find(key); } public override IQueryable Query(Expression> predicate) { return DbSet.Where(predicate); } public override IQueryable GetAll() { return Context.Set(); } public override int SaveChanges(bool validateEntities) { Context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = validateEntities; return Context.SaveChanges(); } #region IDisposable implementation public override void Dispose() { if (Context != null) { Context.Dispose(); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } } #endregion IDisposable implementation } At this point I am able to start creating individual repositories that are needed and add a Unit of Work.  Stay tuned for the next installment in my path to creating a Repository Pattern against EF5.

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• .NET RegEx "Memory Leak" investigation

  - by Kevin Pullin

  I recently looked into some .NET "memory leaks" (i.e. unexpected, lingering GC rooted objects) in a WinForms app. After loading and then closing a huge report, the memory usage did not drop as expected even after a couple of gen2 collections. Assuming that the reporting control was being kept alive by a stray event handler I cracked open WinDbg to see what was happening... Using WinDbg, the !dumpheap -stat command reported a large amount of memory was consumed by string instances. Further refining this down with the !dumpheap -type System.String command I found the culprit, a 90MB string used for the report, at address 03be7930. The last step was to invoke !gcroot 03be7930 to see which object(s) were keeping it alive. My expectations were incorrect - it was not an unhooked event handler hanging onto the reporting control (and report string), but instead it was held on by a System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexInterpreter instance, which itself is a descendant of a System.Text.RegularExpressions.CachedCodeEntry. Now, the caching of Regexs is (somewhat) common knowledge as this helps to reduce the overhead of having to recompile the Regex each time it is used. But what then does this have to do with keeping my string alive? Based on analysis using Reflector, it turns out that the input string is stored in the RegexInterpreter whenever a Regex method is called. The RegexInterpreter holds onto this string reference until a new string is fed into it by a subsequent Regex method invocation. I'd expect similar behaviour by hanging onto Regex.Match instances and perhaps others. The chain is something like this: Regex.Split, Regex.Match, Regex.Replace, etc Regex.Run RegexScanner.Scan (RegexScanner is the base class, RegexInterpreter is the subclass described above). The offending Regex is only used for reporting, rarely used, and therefore unlikely to be used again to clear out the existing report string. And even if the Regex was used at a later point, it would probably be processing another large report. This is a relatively significant problem and just plain feels dirty. All that said, I found a few options on how to resolve, or at least work around, this scenario. I'll let the community respond first and if no takers come forward I will fill in any gaps in a day or two.

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• Gathering Staff anyone interested?

  - by kasene

  Thread Title - Gathering Staff Rush-Soft Game Design is currently looking for staff of a moderate skill level. Team Name - RushSoft Game Design Project Name - N/A We are gathering staff so that we can begin working on a new game. Target Aim - Freeware / Free Version - Paid Version With our first project our aim is to simply get our name out there. Generally we will be targeting a freeware distribution platform or a Free and Paid version. Compensation - Prehaps in the future but don't rely on it If in the future we start developing a game we intend to make any sort of sizable profit from then yes, there will be compensation however currently our low, low funding comes from generous donations. Any money that we make for now will go to the teams funding for things like engine licenses and company registration. Technology - C/C++ RSETech Our primary functional language will be C/C++ as most games are. We will be using a custom built library built on Direct3D called RSETech or RushSoft Engine Technology. Currently its is fully capable of being used for developing a game. The final version is made up of almost entirely C (No C++ or OOP). There is a C++ version currently in the works. Programming: - Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 / 2010 2D Art - Photoshop CS2 - GIMP Talent Needed - We currently are in need of x2 Programmers - With understanding of the following C/C ++ and game programming aspects: -If/Else Conditions -Functions/Methods -Arrays -Pointers (You don't need to fully understand these. Just know when they need to be used.) -Enums -Loops (For and While) -Structs (and How to use . and - syntax) -Classes (and how to call methods and access variables from a class) -State Machines -Switches -Include Guards -Understanding of how game loops work in general. (Init, Update, Render, Deinit) x2 Artists - As long as you have the means to and are able to draw 2D sprites and collab with a game designer to get a good result. 1 or more Game Designers - You can design levels (for platformers) as well as write game scripts and you can come up with good ideas and game mechanics. As long as you can do these things and are able to work well with artists and programmers you're golden. Business Consultant - Someone who knows the industry and how it works. Will inquire about possible distribution platforms as well as contact other developers, websites, and publishers on RushSofts behalf. Team Structure - Kasene Clark - Co-Founder/Lead Programmer/Game Designer Casey W - Co-Founder/Artist(GC/Animation)/Game Designer Nathan Mayworm - Game Designer. Website - RushSoft Websitek Contact - Kasene Clark [email protected] - [email protected] Phone - 12075181967 Feedback - Any Thank You! -Kasene

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• Unexpected behavior of IntentService

  - by kknight

  I used IntentService in my code instead of Service because IntentService creates a thread for me in onHandleIntent(Intent intent), so I don't have to create a Thead myself in the code of my service. I expected that two intents to the same IntentSerivce will execute in parallel because a thread is generated in IntentService for each invent. But my code turned out that the two intents executed in sequential way. This is my IntentService code: public class UpdateService extends IntentService { public static final String TAG = "HelloTestIntentService"; public UpdateService() { super("News UpdateService"); } protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) { String userAction = intent .getStringExtra("userAction"); Log.v(TAG, "" + new Date() + ", In onHandleIntent for userAction = " + userAction + ", thread id = " + Thread.currentThread().getId()); if ("1".equals(userAction)) { try { Thread.sleep(20 * 1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { Log.e(TAG, "error", e); } Log.v(TAG, "" + new Date() + ", This thread is waked up."); } } } And the code call the service is below: public class HelloTest extends Activity { //@Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Intent selectIntent = new Intent(this, UpdateService.class); selectIntent.putExtra("userAction", "1"); this.startService(selectIntent); selectIntent = new Intent(this, UpdateService.class); selectIntent.putExtra("userAction", "2"); this.startService(selectIntent); } } I saw this log message in the log: V/HelloTestIntentService( 848): Wed May 05 14:59:37 PDT 2010, In onHandleIntent for userAction = 1, thread id = 8 D/dalvikvm( 609): GC freed 941 objects / 55672 bytes in 99ms V/HelloTestIntentService( 848): Wed May 05 15:00:00 PDT 2010, This thread is waked up. V/HelloTestIntentService( 848): Wed May 05 15:00:00 PDT 2010, In onHandleIntent for userAction = 2, thread id = 8 I/ActivityManager( 568): Stopping service: com.example.android/.UpdateService The log shows that the second intent waited the first intent to finish and they are in the same thread. It there anything I misunderstood of IntentService. To make two service intents execute in parallel, do I have to replace IntentService with service and start a thread myself in the service code? Thanks.

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• Subclassing a window from a thread in c#

  - by user258651

  I'm creating a thread that looks for a window. When it finds the window, it overrides its windowproc, and handles WM_COMMAND and WM_CLOSE. Here's the code that looks for the window and subclasses it: public void DetectFileDialogProc() { Window fileDialog = null; // try to find the dialog twice, with a delay of 500 ms each time for (int attempts = 0; fileDialog == null && attempts < 2; attempts++) { // FindDialogs enumerates all windows of class #32770 via an EnumWindowProc foreach (Window wnd in FindDialogs(500)) { IntPtr parent = NativeMethods.User32.GetParent(wnd.Handle); if (parent != IntPtr.Zero) { // we're looking for a dialog whose parent is a dialog as well Window parentWindow = new Window(parent); if (parentWindow.ClassName == NativeMethods.SystemWindowClasses.Dialog) { fileDialog = wnd; break; } } } } // if we found the dialog if (fileDialog != null) { OldWinProc = NativeMethods.User32.GetWindowLong(fileDialog.Handle, NativeMethods.GWL_WNDPROC); NativeMethods.User32.SetWindowLong(fileDialog.Handle, NativeMethods.GWL_WNDPROC, Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(new WindowProc(WndProc)).ToInt32()); } } And the windowproc: public IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hWnd, uint msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) { lock (this) { if (!handled) { if (msg == NativeMethods.WM_COMMAND || msg == NativeMethods.WM_CLOSE) { // adding to a list. i never access the window via the hwnd from this list, i just treat it as a number _addDescriptor(hWnd); handled = true; } } } return NativeMethods.User32.CallWindowProc(OldWinProc, hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam); } This all works well under normal conditions. But I am seeing two instances of bad behavior in order of badness: If I do not close the dialog within a minute or so, the app crashes. Is this because the thread is getting garbage collected? This would kind of make sense, as far as GC can tell the thread is done? If this is the case, (and I don't know that it is), how can I make the thread stay around as long as the dialog is around? If I immediately close the dialog with the 'X' button (WM_CLOSE) the app crashes. I believe its crashing in the windowproc, but I can't get a breakpoint in there. I'm getting an AccessViolationException, The exception says "Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt." Its a race condition, but of what I don't know. FYI, I had been reseting the old windowproc once I processed the commands, but that was crashing even more often! Any ideas on how I can solve these issues?

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• Xcache - No different after using it

  - by Charles Yeung

  Hi I have installed Xcache in my site(using xampp), I have tested more then 10 times on several page and the result is same as default(no any cache installed), is it something wrong with the configure? Updated [xcache-common] ;; install as zend extension (recommended), normally "$extension_dir/xcache.so" zend_extension = /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/non-debug-non-zts-xxx/xcache.so zend_extension_ts = /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/non-debug-zts-xxx/xcache.so ;; For windows users, replace xcache.so with php_xcache.dll zend_extension_ts = C:\xampp\php\ext\php_xcache.dll ;; or install as extension, make sure your extension_dir setting is correct ; extension = xcache.so ;; or win32: ; extension = php_xcache.dll [xcache.admin] xcache.admin.enable_auth = On xcache.admin.user = "mOo" ; xcache.admin.pass = md5($your_password) xcache.admin.pass = "" [xcache] ; ini only settings, all the values here is default unless explained ; select low level shm/allocator scheme implemenation xcache.shm_scheme = "mmap" ; to disable: xcache.size=0 ; to enable : xcache.size=64M etc (any size > 0) and your system mmap allows xcache.size = 60M ; set to cpu count (cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep -c processor) xcache.count = 1 ; just a hash hints, you can always store count(items) > slots xcache.slots = 8K ; ttl of the cache item, 0=forever xcache.ttl = 0 ; interval of gc scanning expired items, 0=no scan, other values is in seconds xcache.gc_interval = 0 ; same as aboves but for variable cache xcache.var_size = 4M xcache.var_count = 1 xcache.var_slots = 8K ; default ttl xcache.var_ttl = 0 xcache.var_maxttl = 0 xcache.var_gc_interval = 300 xcache.test = Off ; N/A for /dev/zero xcache.readonly_protection = Off ; for *nix, xcache.mmap_path is a file path, not directory. ; Use something like "/tmp/xcache" if you want to turn on ReadonlyProtection ; 2 group of php won't share the same /tmp/xcache ; for win32, xcache.mmap_path=anonymous map name, not file path xcache.mmap_path = "/dev/zero" ; leave it blank(disabled) or "/tmp/phpcore/" ; make sure it's writable by php (without checking open_basedir) xcache.coredump_directory = "" ; per request settings xcache.cacher = On xcache.stat = On xcache.optimizer = Off [xcache.coverager] ; per request settings ; enable coverage data collecting for xcache.coveragedump_directory and xcache_coverager_start/stop/get/clean() functions (will hurt executing performance) xcache.coverager = Off ; ini only settings ; make sure it's readable (care open_basedir) by coverage viewer script ; requires xcache.coverager=On xcache.coveragedump_directory = "" Thanks you

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• Should Application_End fire on an automatic App Pool Recycle?

  - by Laramie

  I have read this, this, this and this plus a dozen other posts/blogs. I have an ASP.Net app in shared hosting that is frequently recycling. We use NLog and have the following code in global.asax void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { NLog.Logger logger = NLog.LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger(); logger.Debug("\r\n\r\nAPPLICATION STARTING\r\n\r\n"); } protected void Application_OnEnd(Object sender, EventArgs e) { NLog.Logger logger = NLog.LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger(); logger.Debug("\r\n\r\nAPPLICATION_OnEnd\r\n\r\n"); } void Application_End(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpRuntime runtime = (HttpRuntime)typeof(System.Web.HttpRuntime).InvokeMember("_theRuntime", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.GetField, null, null, null); if (runtime == null) return; string shutDownMessage = (string)runtime.GetType().InvokeMember("_shutDownMessage", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.GetField, null, runtime, null); string shutDownStack = (string)runtime.GetType().InvokeMember("_shutDownStack", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.GetField, null, runtime, null); ApplicationShutdownReason shutdownReason = System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ShutdownReason; NLog.Logger logger = NLog.LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger(); logger.Debug(String.Format("\r\n\r\nAPPLICATION END\r\n\r\n_shutDownReason = {2}\r\n\r\n _shutDownMessage = {0}\r\n\r\n_shutDownStack = {1}\r\n\r\n", shutDownMessage, shutDownStack, shutdownReason)); } void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) { NLog.Logger logger = NLog.LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger(); logger.Debug("\r\n\r\nApplication_Error\r\n\r\n"); } Our log file is littered with "APPLICATION STARTING" entries, but neither Application_OnEnd, Application_End, nor Application_Error are ever fired during these spontaneous restarts. I know they are working because there are entries for touching the web.config or /bin files. We also ran a memory overload test and can trigger an OutOfMemoryException which is caught in Application_Error. We are trying to determine whether the virtual memory limit is causing the recycling. We have added GC.GetTotalMemory(false) throughout the code, but this is for all of .Net, not just our App´s pool, correct? We've also tried var oPerfCounter = new PerformanceCounter(); oPerfCounter.CategoryName = "Process"; oPerfCounter.CounterName = "Virtual Bytes"; oPerfCounter.InstanceName = "iisExpress"; logger.Debug("Virtual Bytes: " + oPerfCounter.RawValue + " bytes"); but don't have permission in shared hosting. I've monitored the app on a dev server with the same requests that caused the recycles in production with ANTS Memory Profiler attached and can't seem to find a culprit. We have also run it with a debugger attached in dev to check for uncaught exceptions in spawned threads that might cause the app to abort. My questions are these: How can I effectively monitor memory usage in shared hosting to tell how much my application is consuming prior to an application recycle? Why are the Application_[End/OnEnd/Error] handlers in global.asax not being called? How else can I determine what is causing these recycles? Thanks.

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• Garbage Collector not doing its job. Memory Consumption = 1.5GB & OutOFMemory Exception.

  - by imageWorker

  I'm working with images (each of size = 5MB). The following code extract some information from each image that is present in the given directory. I'm getting out of memory exception. The size of the process is around (1.5GB). I don't know why garbage collector is not freeing memory. I even tried adding GC.Collect() as last line of foreach loop. Still I'm getting 'OutOFMemory' using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.IO; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; namespace TrainSVM { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { FileStream fs = new FileStream("dg.train",FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs); String[] filePathArr = Directory.GetFiles("E:\\images\\"); foreach (string filePath in filePathArr) { if (filePath.Contains("lmn")) { sw.Write("1 "); Console.Write("1 "); } else { sw.Write("1 "); Console.Write("1 "); } Bitmap originalBMP = new Bitmap(filePath); /***********************/ Bitmap imageBody; ImageBody.ImageBody im = new ImageBody.ImageBody(originalBMP); imageBody = im.GetImageBody(-1); /* white coat */ Bitmap whiteCoatBitmap = Rgb2Hsi.Rgb2Hsi.GetHuePlane(imageBody); float WhiteCoatPixelPercentage = Rgb2Hsi.Rgb2Hsi.GetWhiteCoatPixelPercentage(whiteCoatBitmap); //Console.Write("whiteDone\t"); sw.Write("1:" + WhiteCoatPixelPercentage + " "); Console.Write("1:" + WhiteCoatPixelPercentage + " "); /******************/ Quaternion.Quaternion qtr = new Quaternion.Quaternion(-15); Bitmap yellowCoatBMP = qtr.processImage(imageBody); //yellowCoatBMP.Save("yellowCoat.bmp"); float yellowCoatPixelPercentage = qtr.GetYellowCoatPixelPercentage(yellowCoatBMP); //Console.Write("yellowCoatDone\t"); sw.Write("2:" + yellowCoatPixelPercentage + " "); Console.Write("2:" + yellowCoatPixelPercentage + " "); /**********************/ Bitmap balckPatchBitmap = BlackPatchDetection.BlackPatchDetector.MarkBlackPatches(imageBody); float BlackPatchPixelPercentage = BlackPatchDetection.BlackPatchDetector.BlackPatchPercentage; //Console.Write("balckPatchDone\n"); sw.Write("3:" + BlackPatchPixelPercentage + "\n"); Console.Write("3:" + BlackPatchPixelPercentage + "\n"); balckPatchBitmap.Dispose(); yellowCoatBMP.Dispose(); whiteCoatBitmap.Dispose(); originalBMP.Dispose(); sw.Flush(); } sw.Dispose(); fs.Dispose(); } } }

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• .NET JIT Code Cache leaking?

  - by pitchfork

  We have a server component written in .Net 3.5. It runs as service on a Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition. It works great but after some time (days) we notice massive slowdowns and an increased working set. We expected some kind of memory leak and used WinDBG/SOS to analyze dumps of the process. Unfortunately the GC Heap doesn’t show any leak but we noticed that the JIT code heap has grown from 8MB after the start to more than 1GB after a few days. We don’t use any dynamic code generation techniques by our own. We use Linq2SQL which is known for dynamic code generation but we don’t know if it can cause such a problem. The main question is if there is any technique to analyze the dump and check where all this Host Code Heap blocks that are shown in the WinDBG dumps come from? [Update] In the mean time we did some more analysis and had Linq2SQL as probable suspect, especially since we do not use precompiled queries. The following example program creates exactly the same behaviour where more and more Host Code Heap blocks are created over time. using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; namespace LinqStressTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++ i) ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(Worker); while(runs < 1000000) { Thread.Sleep(5000); } } static void Worker(object state) { for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i) { using (var ctx = new DataClasses1DataContext()) { long id = rnd.Next(); var x = ctx.AccountNucleusInfos.Where(an => an.Account.SimPlayers.First().Id == id).SingleOrDefault(); } } var localruns = Interlocked.Add(ref runs, 1); System.Console.WriteLine("Action: " + localruns); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(Worker); } static Random rnd = new Random(); static long runs = 0; } } When we replace the Linq query with a precompiled one, the problem seems to disappear.

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• One click to trigger several search forms?

  - by Christian

  Hello, I have 1 main search form with a submit button and several secondary search forms with submit buttons. What I would like to do is when I enter text and click on the submit button of the main search form, the same text gets copied in all of the secondary search forms and all the submit buttons of the secondary search forms get automatically hit. The HTML code for the mains earch form is shown below: <form action="query.php" method="get"> Search: <input type="text" name="item" size="30"> <input type="submit" value="send"> </form> One of the several secondary search forms is shown below: <FORM action="http://www.dpbolvw.net/interactive" method="GET" target="_blank"> <div style="float: left; padding: 0 3px 0 0;"> <INPUT type="text" name="src" size="9" value="<?php $input = $_GET['item']; echo $input;?>" style="width: 110px; height: 22px;margin:0; padding: 0; font-size:140%;"> </div> <div style="float: left; padding: 0 3px 0 0;"> <input type="image" name="submit" value="GO" src="http://images.guitarcenter.com/Content/GC/banner/go.gif" alt="Search" style="font-size:140%"> /div> <input type="hidden" name="aid" value="1234"/> <input type="hidden" name="pid" value="1234"/> <input type="hidden" name="url" value="http://www.guitarcenter.com/Search/Default.aspx"/> </form> Notice the php code that I put in the "value" field of the secondary search form: <?php $input = $_GET['item']; echo $input;?> This automatically copies the text that I entered in the main search form into the secondary search form. I thus figured out how to do that. The problem is to "simulate" an "Enter" keystroke or a click on the "GO" button with the mouse on the secondary search form when the user hits the Enter key or hits the "SEND" button with the mouse on the main search form. Thank you for your insight!

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• Deriving from a component and implementing IDisposable properly

  - by PaulH

  I have a Visual Studio 2008 C# .NET 2.0 CF project with an abstract class derived from Component. From that class, I derive several concrete classes (as in my example below). But, when I go to exit my Form, though the Form's Dispose() member is called and components.Dispose() is called, my components are never disposed. Can anybody suggest how I can fix this design? public abstract class SomeDisposableComponentBase : Component { private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components; protected SomeDisposableComponentBase() { Initializecomponent(); } protected SomeDisposableComponentBase(IContainer container) { container.Add(this); Initializecomponent(); } private void InitializeComponent() { components = new System.ComponentModel.Container(); } protected abstract void Foo(); #region IDisposable Members bool disposed_; /// Warning 60 CA1063 : Microsoft.Design : Ensure that 'SomeDisposableComponentBase.Dispose()' is declared as public and sealed.* public void Dispose() { // never called Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { // never called if (!disposed_) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } disposed_ = true; } base.Dispose(disposing); } #endregion } public SomeDisposableComponent : SomeDisposableComponentBase { public SomeDisposableComponent() : base() { } public SomeDisposableComponent(IContainer container) : base(container) { } protected override void Foo() { // Do something... } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { // never called base.Dispose(disposing); } } public partial class my_form : Form { private SomeDisposableComponentBase d_; public my_form() { InitializeComponent(); if (null == components) components = new System.ComponentModel.Container(); d_ = new SomeDisposableComponent(components); } /// exit button clicked private void Exit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } /// from the my_form.designer.cs protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { // this function is executed as expected when the form is closed components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } } *I note that FX-Cop is giving me a hint here. But, if I try to declare that function as sealed, I get the error: error CS0238: 'SomeDisposableComponentBase.Dispose()' cannot be sealed because it is not an override Declaring that function an override leads to: 'SomeDisposableComponentBase.Dispose()': cannot override inherited member 'System.ComponentModel.Component.Dispose()' because it is not marked virtual, abstract, or override Thanks, PaulH

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• Java Runtime.freeMemory() returning bizarre results when adding more objects

  - by Sotirios Delimanolis

  For whatever reason, I wanted to see how many objects I could create and populate a LinkedList with. I used Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() to get the approximation of free memory in my JVM. I wrote this: public static void main(String[] arg) { Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in); List<Long> mem = new LinkedList<Long>(); while (true) { System.out.println("Max memory: " + Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() + ". Available memory: " + Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() + " bytes. Press enter to use more."); String s = kb.nextLine(); if (s.equals("m")) for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) { mem.add(new Long((new Random()).nextLong())); } } } If I write in m, the app adds a million Long objects to the list. You would think the more objects (to which we have references, so can't be gc'ed), the less free memory. Running the code: Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 127257696 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 108426520 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 139873296 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 210632232 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 137268792 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 239504784 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 169507792 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 259686128 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 189293488 bytes. m Max memory: 1897725952. Available memory: 387686544 bytes. The available memory fluctuates. How does this happen? Is the GC cleaning up other things (what other things are there on the heap to really clean up?), is the freeMemory() method returning an approximation that's way off? Am I missing something or am I crazy?

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• Why an object declared in method is subject to garbage collection before the method returns?

  - by SiLent SoNG

  Consider an object declared in a method: public void foo() { final Object obj = new Object(); // A long run job that consumes tons of memory and // triggers garbage collection } Will obj be subject to garbage collection before foo() returns? UPDATE: Previously I thought obj is not subject to garbage collection until foo() returns. However, today I find myself wrong. I have spend several hours in fixing a bug and finally found the problem is caused by obj garbage collected! Can anyone explain why this happens? And if I want obj to be pinned how to achieve it? Here is the code that has problem. public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String connectionString = "jdbc:mysql://<whatever>"; // I find wrap is gc-ed somewhere SqlConnection wrap = new SqlConnection(connectionString); Connection con = wrap.currentConnection(); Statement stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); stmt.setFetchSize(Integer.MIN_VALUE); ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select instance_id, doc_id from crawler_archive.documents"); while (rs.next()) { int instanceID = rs.getInt(1); int docID = rs.getInt(2); if (docID % 1000 == 0) { System.out.println(docID); } } rs.close(); //wrap.close(); } } After running the Java program, it will print the following message before it crashes: 161000 161000 ******************************** Finalizer CALLED!! ******************************** ******************************** Close CALLED!! ******************************** 162000 Exception in thread "main" com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: And here is the code of class SqlConnection: class SqlConnection { private final String connectionString; private Connection connection; public SqlConnection(String connectionString) { this.connectionString = connectionString; } public synchronized Connection currentConnection() throws SQLException { if (this.connection == null || this.connection.isClosed()) { this.closeConnection(); this.connection = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionString); } return this.connection; } protected void finalize() throws Throwable { try { System.out.println("********************************"); System.out.println("Finalizer CALLED!!"); System.out.println("********************************"); this.close(); } finally { super.finalize(); } } public void close() { System.out.println("********************************"); System.out.println("Close CALLED!!"); System.out.println("********************************"); this.closeConnection(); } protected void closeConnection() { if (this.connection != null) { try { connection.close(); } catch (Throwable e) { } finally { this.connection = null; } } } }

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• Why is this simple Mobile Form not closed when using the player

  - by ajhvdb

  Hi, I created this simple sample Form with the close button. Everything is working as expected when NOT using the Interop.WMPLib.dll I've seen other applications using this without problems but why isn't the Form process closed when I just add the line: SoundPlayer myPlayer = new SoundPlayer(); and of course dispose it: if (myPlayer != null) { myPlayer.Dispose(); myPlayer = null; } The Form closes but the debugger VS2008 is still active. The Form project and the dll are still active. If you send me an email to [email protected], I can send you the zipped project. Below is the class for the dll: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using WMPLib; namespace WindowsMobile.Utilities { public delegate void SoundPlayerStateChanged(SoundPlayer sender, SoundPlayerState newState); public enum SoundPlayerState { Stopped, Playing, Paused, } public class SoundPlayer : IDisposable { [DllImport("coredll")] public extern static int waveOutSetVolume(int hwo, uint dwVolume); [DllImport("coredll")] public extern static int waveOutGetVolume(int hwo, out uint dwVolume); WindowsMediaPlayer myPlayer = new WindowsMediaPlayer(); public SoundPlayer() { myPlayer.uiMode = "invisible"; myPlayer.settings.volume = 100; } string mySoundLocation = string.Empty; public string SoundLocation { get { return mySoundLocation; } set { mySoundLocation = value; } } public void Pause() { myPlayer.controls.pause(); } public void PlayLooping() { Stop(); myPlayer.URL = mySoundLocation; myPlayer.settings.setMode("loop", true); } public int Volume { get { return myPlayer.settings.volume; } set { myPlayer.settings.volume = value; } } public void Play() { Stop(); myPlayer.URL = mySoundLocation; myPlayer.controls.play(); } public void Stop() { myPlayer.controls.stop(); myPlayer.close(); } #region IDisposable Members public void Dispose() { try { Stop(); } catch (Exception) { } // need this otherwise the process won't exit?! try { int ret = Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(myPlayer); } catch (Exception) { } myPlayer = null; GC.Collect(); } #endregion } }

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• How to dispose off custom object from within custom membership provider

  - by IrfanRaza

  I have created my custom MembershipProvider. I have used an instance of the class DBConnect within this provider to handle database functions. Please look at the code below: public class SGIMembershipProvider : MembershipProvider { #region "[ Property Variables ]" private int newPasswordLength = 8; private string connectionString; private string applicationName; private bool enablePasswordReset; private bool enablePasswordRetrieval; private bool requiresQuestionAndAnswer; private bool requiresUniqueEmail; private int maxInvalidPasswordAttempts; private int passwordAttemptWindow; private MembershipPasswordFormat passwordFormat; private int minRequiredNonAlphanumericCharacters; private int minRequiredPasswordLength; private string passwordStrengthRegularExpression; private MachineKeySection machineKey; **private DBConnect dbConn;** #endregion ....... public override bool ChangePassword(string username, string oldPassword, string newPassword) { if (!ValidateUser(username, oldPassword)) return false; ValidatePasswordEventArgs args = new ValidatePasswordEventArgs(username, newPassword, true); OnValidatingPassword(args); if (args.Cancel) { if (args.FailureInformation != null) { throw args.FailureInformation; } else { throw new Exception("Change password canceled due to new password validation failure."); } } SqlParameter[] p = new SqlParameter[3]; p[0] = new SqlParameter("@applicationName", applicationName); p[1] = new SqlParameter("@username", username); p[2] = new SqlParameter("@password", EncodePassword(newPassword)); bool retval = **dbConn.ExecuteSP("User_ChangePassword", p);** return retval; } //ChangePassword public override void Initialize(string name, NameValueCollection config) { if (config == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("config"); } ...... ConnectionStringSettings ConnectionStringSettings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[config["connectionStringName"]]; if ((ConnectionStringSettings == null) || (ConnectionStringSettings.ConnectionString.Trim() == String.Empty)) { throw new ProviderException("Connection string cannot be blank."); } connectionString = ConnectionStringSettings.ConnectionString; **dbConn = new DBConnect(connectionString); dbConn.ConnectToDB();** ...... } //Initialize ...... } // SGIMembershipProvider I have instantiated dbConn object within Initialize() event. My problem is that how could i dispose off this object when object of SGIMembershipProvider is disposed off. I know the GC will do this all for me, but I need to explicitly dispose off that object. Even I tried to override Finalize() but there is no such overridable method. I have also tried to create destructor for SGIMembershipProvider. Can anyone provide me solution.

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• Best practices for displaying large number of images as thumbnails in c#

  - by andySF

  I got to a point where it's very difficult to get answers by debugging and tracing object, so i need some help. What I'm trying to do: A history form for my screen capture pet project. The history must list all images as thumbnails (ex: picasa). What I've done: I created a HistoryItem:UserControl. This history item has a few buttons, a check box, a label and a picture box. The buttons are for delete/edit/copy image. The check box is used for selecting one or more images and the label is for some info text. The picture box is getting the image from a public property that is a path and a method creates a proportional thumbnail to display it when the control has been loaded. This user control has two public events. One for deleting the image and one for bubbling the events for mouse enter and mouse leave trough all controls. For this I use EventBroadcastProvider. The bubbling is useful because wherever I move the mouse over the control, the buttons appear. The dispose method has been extended and I manually remove the events. All images are loaded by looping a xml file that contains the path of all images. For each image in this XML I create a new HitoryItem that is added (after a little coding to sort and limit the amount of images loaded) to a flow layout panel. The problem: When I lunch the history form, and the flow layout panel is populated with my HistoryItem custom control, my memory usage increases drastically.From 14Mb to around 100MB with 100 images loaded. By closing the history form and disposing whatever I could dispose and even trying to call GC.Collect() the memory increase remain. I search for any object that could not be disposed properly like an image or event but wherever I used them they are disposed. The problem seams to be from multiple sources. One is that the events for bubbling are not disposing properly, and the other is from the picture box itself. All of this i could see by commenting all the code to a limited version when only the custom control without any image processing and even events is loaded. Without the events the memory consumption is reduced by axiomatically 20%. So my real question is if this logic, flow layout panels and custom controls with picture boxes, is the best solution for displaying large amounts of images as thumbnails. Thank you!

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