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  • How to stop OpenGL from applying blending to certain content? (see pics)

    - by RexOnRoids
    Supporting Info: I use cocos2d to draw a sprite (graph background) on the screen (z:-1). I then use cocos2d to draw lines/points (z:0) on top of the background -- and make some calls to OpenGL blending functions before the drawing to SMOOTH out the lines. Problem: The problem is that: aside from producing smooth lines/points, calling these OpenGL blending functions seems to "degrade" the underlying sprite (graph background). As you can see from the images below, the "degraded" background seems to be made darker and less sharp in Case 2. So there is a tradeoff: I can either have (Case 1) a nice background and choppy lines/points, or I can have (Case 2) nice smooth lines/points and a degraded background. But obviously I need both. THE QUESTION: How do I set OpenGL so as to only apply the blending to the layer with the Lines/Points in it and thus leave the background alone? The Code: I have included code of the draw() method of the CCLayer for both cases explained above. As you can see, the code producing the difference between Case 1 and Case 2 seems to be 1 or 2 lines involving OpenGL Blending. Case 1 -- MainScene.h (CCLayer): -(void)draw{ int lastPointX = 0; int lastPointY = 0; GLfloat colorMAX = 255.0f; GLfloat valR; GLfloat valG; GLfloat valB; if([self.myGraphManager ready]){ valR = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valG = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valB = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; NSEnumerator *enumerator = [[self.myGraphManager.currentCanvas graphPoints] objectEnumerator]; GraphPoint* object; while ((object = [enumerator nextObject])) { if(object.filled){ /*Commenting out the following two lines induces a problem of making it impossible to have smooth lines/points, but has merit in that it does not degrade the background sprite.*/ //glEnable (GL_BLEND); //glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint (GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_DONT_CARE); glEnable (GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glLineWidth(1.5f); glColor4f(valR, valG, valB, 1.0); ccDrawLine(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY), ccp(object.position.x, object.position.y)); lastPointX = object.position.x; lastPointY = object.position.y; glPointSize(3.0f); glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_NICEST); ccDrawPoint(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY)); } } } } Case 2 -- MainScene.h (CCLayer): -(void)draw{ int lastPointX = 0; int lastPointY = 0; GLfloat colorMAX = 255.0f; GLfloat valR; GLfloat valG; GLfloat valB; if([self.myGraphManager ready]){ valR = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valG = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valB = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; NSEnumerator *enumerator = [[self.myGraphManager.currentCanvas graphPoints] objectEnumerator]; GraphPoint* object; while ((object = [enumerator nextObject])) { if(object.filled){ /*Enabling the following two lines gives nice smooth lines/points, but has a problem in that it degrades the background sprite.*/ glEnable (GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint (GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_DONT_CARE); glEnable (GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glLineWidth(1.5f); glColor4f(valR, valG, valB, 1.0); ccDrawLine(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY), ccp(object.position.x, object.position.y)); lastPointX = object.position.x; lastPointY = object.position.y; glPointSize(3.0f); glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_NICEST); ccDrawPoint(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY)); } } } }

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  • ActionScript Gradient Banding Problem

    - by TheDarkIn1978
    i'm having a strange issue with banding between certain colors of a gradient. to create the gradient, i'm drawing evenly spaced circle wedges from the center to the border, and filling each circle wedge from a bitmap line gradient pixel in a loop. public class ColorWheel extends Sprite { private static const DEFAULT_RADIUS:Number = 100; private static const DEFAULT_BANDING_QUALITY:int = 3600; public function ColorWheel(nRadius:Number = DEFAULT_RADIUS) { init(nRadius); } public function init(nRadius:Number = DEFAULT_RADIUS):void { var nRadians : Number; var nColor : Number; var objMatrix : Matrix = new Matrix(); var nX : Number; var nY : Number; var previousX : Number = nRadius; var previousY : Number = 0; var leftToRightColors:Array = new Array(0xFF0000, 0xFFFF00, 0x00FF00, 0x00FFFF, 0x0000FF, 0xFF00FF); leftToRightColors.push(leftToRightColors[0]); var leftToRightAlphas:Array = new Array(); var leftToRightRatios:Array = new Array(); var leftToRightPartition:Number = 255 / (leftToRightColors.length - 1); //Push arrays for (var j:int = 0; j < leftToRightColors.length; j++) { leftToRightAlphas.push(1); leftToRightRatios.push(j * leftToRightPartition); } var leftToRightColorsMatrix:Matrix = new Matrix(); leftToRightColorsMatrix.createGradientBox(DEFAULT_BANDING_QUALITY, 1); //Produce a horizontal leftToRightLine sprite var leftToRightLine:Sprite = new Sprite(); leftToRightLine.graphics.lineStyle(1, 0, 1, false, LineScaleMode.NONE, CapsStyle.NONE); leftToRightLine.graphics.lineGradientStyle(GradientType.LINEAR, leftToRightColors, leftToRightAlphas, leftToRightRatios, leftToRightColorsMatrix); leftToRightLine.graphics.moveTo(0, 0); leftToRightLine.graphics.lineTo(DEFAULT_BANDING_QUALITY, 0); //Assign bitmapData to the leftToRightLine var leftToRightLineBitmapData:BitmapData = new BitmapData(leftToRightLine.width, leftToRightLine.height); leftToRightLineBitmapData.draw(leftToRightLine); for(var i:int = 1; i < (DEFAULT_BANDING_QUALITY + 1); i++) { // Convert the degree to radians. nRadians = i * (Math.PI / (DEFAULT_BANDING_QUALITY / 2)); // OR the individual color channels together. nColor = leftToRightLineBitmapData.getPixel(i-1, 0); // Calculate the coordinate in which the line should be drawn to. nX = nRadius * Math.cos(nRadians); nY = nRadius * Math.sin(nRadians); // Create a matrix for the wedges gradient color. objMatrix.createGradientBox(nRadius * 2, nRadius * 2, nRadians, -nRadius, -nRadius); graphics.beginGradientFill(GradientType.LINEAR, [nColor, nColor], [1, 1], [127, 255], objMatrix); graphics.moveTo( 0, 0 ); graphics.lineTo( previousX, previousY ); graphics.lineTo( nX, nY ); graphics.lineTo( 0, 0 ); graphics.endFill(); previousX = nX; previousY = nY; } } } i'm creating a circle with 3600 wedges, although it doesn't look like it based on the screen shot within the orange color that is produced from gradating from red to yellow numbers. adding a orange number between red and yellow doesn't help. but if i create the circle with only 360 wedges, the gradient banding is much more obvious. 3600 is probably overkill, and doesn't really add more detail over, say, making the circle of 1440 wedges, but i don't know any other way to slightly elevate this banding issue. any ideas how i can fix this, or what i'm doing wrong? could it be caused by the circleMatrix rotation?

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  • Memory management in iphone cocos2d

    - by muthu
    i am iphone developer very new to this field....i am developing a ebook app in iphone using cocos2d...i use more than 150 images(i guess) the problem while turning from one page to another images get hanged randomly...... i tried this also [[TextureMgr sharedTextureMgr] removeAllTextures]; but went in vain...i guess the the problem is with the memory.....this my coding for all the pages -(id)init { if( (self=[super init] )) { self.isTouchEnabled = YES; [SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine]; NSLog(@"b4 cover"); Sprite *bg1 = [Sprite spriteWithFile:@"a.jpg"]; bg1.anchorPoint = CGPointZero; [self addChild:bg1 z:-1]; once = TRUE; soundId = [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] playEffect:@".mp3"]; } return self; } -(void) transitionfront:(id) sender { [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] stopEffect:soundId]; soundId1 = [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] playEffect:@"page_turn.mp3"]; flip = [[Sprite spriteWithFile:@"a.jpg"] retain]; [self addChild: flip z:1]; [flip setPosition:ccp(160,240)]; Animation* animation1 = [Animation animationWithName:@"Page1" delay:0.09]; for( int i=1;i<4;i++) [animation1 addFrameWithFilename: [NSString stringWithFormat:@".jpg", i]]; id action = [Animate actionWithAnimation: animation1]; //id action = [RepeatForever actionWithAction:[Animate actionWithAnimation: animation1]]; [flip runAction:action]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.3 target:self selector:@selector(moveforward) userInfo:nil repeats:NO]; } -(void) moveforward { [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] stopEffect:soundId1]; [[Director sharedDirector] replaceScene: [ [Scene node] addChild: [nextpage node] z:0] ]; } -(void) transitionback:(id) sender { [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] stopEffect:soundId]; soundId1 = [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine] playEffect:@".mp3"]; flip = [[Sprite spriteWithFile:@".jpg"] retain]; [self addChild: flip z:1]; [flip setPosition:ccp(160,240)]; Animation* animation1 = [Animation animationWithName:@"Page1" delay:0.09]; for( int i=3;i>0;i--) [animation1 addFrameWithFilename: [NSString stringWithFormat:@".jpg", i]]; id action = [Animate actionWithAnimation: animation1]; //id action = [RepeatForever actionWithAction:[Animate actionWithAnimation: animation1]]; [flip runAction:action]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.3 target:self selector:@selector(movebackward) userInfo:nil repeats:NO]; } -(void) movebackward{ //[[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine]stopEffect:@".mp3"]; [[Director sharedDirector]replaceScene:[[Scene node]addChild:[b4page node] z:0]]; } -(void) glossary :(id) sender { [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine]stopEffect:soundId]; [[Director sharedDirector]replaceScene:[[Scene node]addChild:[ node] z:0]]; } -(BOOL)ccTouchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; CGPoint cocosTouchPoint = [touch locationInView: [touch view]]; CGPoint point = [[Director sharedDirector] convertToGL:cocosTouchPoint]; NSLog(@"pointx: %f pointy:%f", point.x, point.y); // Was a tab touched, if so, which one... if (CGRectContainsPoint(CGRectMake(220, 0, 100, 70), point)) { if(once) { NSLog(@"enterred page1"); [self transitionfront:nil]; once = FALSE; } } if (CGRectContainsPoint(CGRectMake(0,0,60,60), point)) { if(once) { NSLog(@"enterred cover"); [self transitionback:nil]; once = FALSE; } } if (CGRectContainsPoint(CGRectMake(100, 15, 30, 30), point)) { if(once){ [self glossary :nil]; once = FALSE; } } return kEventHandled; } -(void)playEffect:(NSString*)sound{ if(effectPlayer!=nil){ [effectPlayer release]; } NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:sound ofType:@"mp3"]]; effectPlayer = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:url error:nil]; [effectPlayer setDelegate:self]; [effectPlayer play]; } -(void)stopEffect { [effectPlayer stop]; } -(void) dealloc{ [super dealloc]; } do pls help me........ do give me a exact coding this is the err..... *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[NSCFDictionary setObject:forKey:]: attempt to insert nil value (key: aesop.mp3)' 2010-05-27 10:43:09.834 abc[276:20b] Stack: ( 11674715, 2476006971, 11758651, 11758490, 5126917, 660698, 660881, 661061, 131577, 448857, 120432, 153433, 630890, 23694899, 23603228, 23630005, 47120081, 11459456, 11455560, 47114125, 47114322, 23633923, 9928, 9814 )

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  • jquery live problem

    - by Kay
    Hi, I have a website which uses jquery and lots of mouseover/mouseout effect. So far I used the .bind() method of jquery but if you have 1000 event handlers, this is slowing down your browser a lot. So, I want to move to use .live or .delegate. One part of my portal site is a chat area. User can set chat messages which will then be displayed in a simple table. There is a feature that if you move the mouse over a chat message a trash can will appear allowing you to delete the message (if it is by you or you are a moderator). The trash bin is in the same table cell as the chat message. The problem: Using .bind() it worked like a charm. This is the old code: function CreateChatMessageContextMenu(ctrl, messageID, message, sender) { var a = document.createElement("a"); a.href = "javascript:RemoveChatMessage(" + messageID + ");" a.id = 'aDeleteChatMessage' + messageID; a.style.display = 'none'; var img = document.createElement("span"); img.className = "sprite-common messages-image sprite-common-btnDelete"; a.appendChild(img); ctrl.appendChild(a); $(ctrl) .bind('mouseover', function(event) { $('#aDeleteChatMessage' + messageID).show() }) .bind('mouseout', function(event) { $('#aDeleteChatMessage' + messageID).hide() }); return; } 'ctrl' is the reference to a table cell. Now, using .live() the trashbin also appears but it is flickering a lot and when I move the mouse over the trashbin, it is disappearing or inactive. I have the feeling that more events are thrown or something. It seems like the 'mouseout' is thrown when moving over the trashbin, but the thrashbin is inside the tablecell so mouseout should not be triggered. The new code is as follows. $(document).ready { $('.jDeleteableChatMessage').live('mouseover mouseout', function(event) { var linkID = '#aDelete' + event.target.id; if (event.type == 'mouseover') { $(linkID).show(); } else { $(linkID).hide(); } return false; }); } function CreateChatMessageContextMenu(ctrl, messageID, message, sender) { if (!UserIsModerator && (UserLogin != sender)) return; ctrl.id = 'ChatMessage' + messageID; var deleteString = 'Diese Chatnachricht löschen'; if (UserLang == '1') deleteString = 'Delete this chat message'; var a = document.createElement("a"); a.href = "javascript:RemoveChatMessage(" + messageID + ");" a.id = 'aDeleteChatMessage' + messageID; a.style.display = 'none'; var img = document.createElement("span"); img.className = "sprite-common messages-image sprite-common-btnDelete"; img.alt = deleteString; img.title = deleteString; a.appendChild(img); ctrl.appendChild(a); $(ctrl).addClass('jDeleteableChatMessage'); } I add a class to tell jQuery which chat cell have a trash bin and which don't. I also add an ID to the table cell which is later used to determine the associated trash bin. Yes, that's clumsy data passing to an event method. And, naturally, there is the document.ready function which initialises the .live() method. So, where is my mistake?

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  • LibGDX Boid Seek Behaviour

    - by childonline
    I'm trying to make a swarm of boids which seek out the mouse position and move towards it, but I'm having a bit of a problem. The boids just seem to want to go to upper-right corner of the game window. The mouse position seems influence the behavior a bit, but not enough to make the boid turn towards it. I suspect there is a problem with the way LibGDX handles its coordinate system, but I'm not sure how to fix it I've uploaded the eclipse project here! Also here are the relevant bits of my code, in case you see something obviously wrong: public Agent(){ _texture = GdxGame.TEX_AGENT; TextureRegion region = new TextureRegion(_texture, 0, 0, 32, 32); TextureRegion region2 = new TextureRegion(GdxGame.TEX_TARGET, 0, 0, 32, 32); _sprite = new Sprite(region); _sprite.setSize(.05f, .05f); _sprite_target = new Sprite(region2); _sprite_target.setSize(.1f, .1f); _max_velocity = 0.05f; _max_speed = 0.005f; _velocity = new Vector2(0, 0); _desired_velocity = new Vector2(0, 0); _steering = new Vector2(0, 0); _position = new Vector2(-_sprite.getWidth()/2, -_sprite.getHeight()/2); _mass = 10f; } public void Update(float deltaTime){ _target = new Vector2(Gdx.input.getX(), Gdx.input.getY()); _desired_velocity = ((_target.sub(_position)).nor()).scl(_max_velocity,_max_velocity); _steering = ((_desired_velocity.sub(_velocity)).limit(_max_speed)).div(_mass); _velocity = (_velocity.add(_steering)).limit(_max_speed); _position = _position.add(_velocity); _sprite.setPosition(_position.x, _position.y); _sprite_target.setPosition(Gdx.input.getX(), Gdx.input.getY()); } I've used this tutorial here. Thanks!

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  • Java Slick2d - How to translate mouse coordinates to world coordinates

    - by Corey
    I am translating in my main class render. How do I get the mouse position where my mouse actually is after I scroll the screen public void render(GameContainer gc, Graphics g) throws SlickException { float centerX = 800/2; float centerY = 600/2; g.translate(centerX, centerY); g.translate(-player.playerX, -player.playerY); gen.render(g); player.render(g); } playerX = 800 /2 - sprite.getWidth(); playerY = 600 /2 - sprite.getHeight(); Image to help with explanation I tried implementing a camera but it seems no matter what I can't get the mouse position. I was told to do this worldX = mouseX + camX; but it didn't work the mouse was still off. Here is my Camera class if that helps: public class Camera { public float camX; public float camY; Player player; public void init() { player = new Player(); } public void update(GameContainer gc, int delta) { Input input = gc.getInput(); if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_W)) { camY -= player.speed * delta; } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_S)) { camY += player.speed * delta; } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_A)) { camX -= player.speed * delta; } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_D)) { camX += player.speed * delta; } } Code used to convert mouse worldX = (int) (mouseX + cam.camX); worldY = (int) (mouseY + cam.camY);

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  • Java - Resize images upon class instantiation

    - by Tyler J Fisher
    Hey StackExchange GameDev community, I'm attempting to: Resize series of sprites upon instantiation of the class they're located in (x2) I've attempted to use the following code to resize the images, however my attempts have been unsuccessful. I have been unable to write an implementation that is even compilable, so no error codes yet. wLeft.getScaledInstance(wLeft.getWidth()*2, wLeft.getHeight()*2, Image.SCALE_FAST); I've heard that Graphics2D is the best option. Any suggestions? I think I'm probably best off loading the images into a Java project, resizing the images then outputting them to a new directory so as not to have to resize each sprite upon class instantiation. What do you think? Photoshopping each individual sprite is out of the question, unless I used a macro. Code: package game; //Import import java.awt.Image; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class Mario extends Human { Image wLeft = new ImageIcon("sprites\\mario\\wLeft.PNG").getImage(); //Constructor public Mario(){ super("Mario", 50); wLeft.getScaledInstance(wLeft.getWidth()*2, wLeft.getHeight()*2, Image.SCALE_FAST); } Thanks! Note: not homework, just thought Mario would be a good, overused starting point in game dev.

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  • multi-dimension array problem in RGSS (RPG Maker XP)

    - by AzDesign
    This is my first day code script in RMXP. I read tutorials, ruby references, etc and I found myself stuck on a weird problem, here is the scenario: I made a custom script to display layered images Create the class, create an instance variable to hold the array, create a simple method to add an element into it, done The draw method (skipped the rest of the code to this part): def draw image = [] index = 0 for i in [email protected] if image.size > 0 index = image.size end image[index] = Sprite.new image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[i][0] + '.png') image[index].x = @x + @components[i][1] image[index].y = @y + @components[i][2] image[index].z = @z + @components[i][3] @test =+ 1 end end Create an event that does these script > $layerz = Layerz.new $layerz.configuration[0] = ['root',0,0,1] > $layerz.configuration[1] = ['bark',0,10,2] > $layerz.configuration[2] = ['branch',0,30,3] > $layerz.configuration[3] = ['leaves',0,60,4] $layerz.draw Run, trigger the event and the result : ERROR! Undefined method`[]' for nil:NilClass pointing at this line on draw method : image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[i][0] + '.png') THEN, I changed the method like these just for testing: def draw image = [] index = 0 for i in [email protected] if image.size > 0 index = image.size end image[index] = Sprite.new image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[0][0] + '.png') image[index].x = @x + @components[0][1] image[index].y = @y + @components[0][2] image[index].z = @z + @components[0][3] @test =+ 1 end I changed the @components[i][0] to @components[0][0] and IT WORKS, but only the root as it not iterates to the next array index Im stuck here, see : > in single level array, @components[0] and @components[i] has no problem > in multi-dimension array, @components[0][0] has no problem BUT > in multi-dimension array, @components[i][0] produce the error as above > mentioned. any suggestion to fix the error ? Or did I wrote something wrong ?

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  • How to scroll in the physical world AndEngine?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, this is my world. final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that if the sprite reaches up and hits the wall, as I scroll here?

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  • Cocos2d: Tongue effect like in Munch Time

    - by Joey Green
    I'm wanting to do a tongue effect for my character like the one in Munch Time( shown in pic ). The player does some action and his tongue attaches to the nearest platform. I'm thinking this is simply a get distance to platform and keep player at that distance as he moves back and forth giving him the swinging effect. For the drawing, I'm wanting the same effect where the tongue sprite is the skinniest in the middle of the distance between the character and platform. I know how to do this in a shader( I'm using cocos2d v2 btw ), but I'm wondering if there is some built-in functionality to allow me to do this. First, is this the right approach using distance? Second, is their an easy way to do the tongue sprite effect without a shader? Third, I'm wanting to have the player spring up at will in the direction of the platform. I'm using Box2D. Would there be a way to do this using force's or would it be easier to write my own code?

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  • How to Handle frame rates and synchronizing screen repaints

    - by David Kroukamp
    I would first off say sorry if the title is worded incorrectly. Okay now let me give the scenario I'm creating a 2 player fighting game, An average battle will include a Map (moving/still) and 2 characters (which are rendered by redrawing a varying amount of sprites one after the other). Now at the moment I have a single game loop limiting me to a set number of frames per second (using Java): Timer timer = new Timer(0, new AbstractAction() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { long beginTime; //The time when the cycle begun long timeDiff; //The time it took for the cycle to execute int sleepTime; //ms to sleep (< 0 if we're behind) int fps = 1000 / 40; beginTime = System.nanoTime() / 1000000; //execute loop to update check collisions and draw gameLoop(); //Calculate how long did the cycle take timeDiff = System.nanoTime() / 1000000 - beginTime; //Calculate sleep time sleepTime = fps - (int) (timeDiff); if (sleepTime > 0) {//If sleepTime > 0 we're OK ((Timer)e.getSource()).setDelay(sleepTime); } } }); timer.start(); in gameLoop() characters are drawn to the screen ( a character holds an array of images which consists of their current sprites) every gameLoop() call will change the characters current sprite to the next and loop if the end is reached. But as you can imagine if a sprite is only 3 images in length than calling gameLoop() 40 times will cause the characters movement to be drawn 40/3=13 times. This causes a few minor anomilies in the sprited for some charcters So my question is how would I go about delivering a set amount of frames per second in when I have 2 characters on screen with varying amount of sprites?

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  • How to Export Flash Animation Data

    - by charliep
    I'd love for my partner, the artist, to be able to animate using flash movieclips and timelines. Then I, the programmer, would like to read the raw Flash info and re-program it into my engine of choice (which happens to be Torque2D). The data I'd want is the bitmap images that were used in Flash, like the head and body the links between the images, like where the head connects to the body the motion data from the flash animation, like move, rotate (at what speed), shear, etc. for the head or arms or whatever. Is there any way to get this data? Here's what I know so far. There are tools like SWFSheet and Spriteloq that convert the entire flash animation into a frame by frame sprite animation (in a sprite sheet). This would take too much space in my case, so I'd like to avoid that. Re-animating on the fly would take much less texture memory. There is a PDF that describes the SWF file format but NOT the individual components like the movieclips. So anyone know of a library I can use, or how I can learn more about the movieclip components and whatnot? (more better tags: transform, export, convert)

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  • How to create a "retro" pixel shader for transformed 2D sprites that maintains pixel fidelity?

    - by David Gouveia
    The image below shows two sprites rendered with point sampling on top of a background: The left skull has no rotation/scaling applied to it, so every pixel matches perfectly with the background. The right skull is rotated/scaled, and this results in larger pixels that are no longer axis aligned. How could I develop a pixel shader that would render the transformed sprite on the right with axis aligned pixels of the same size as the rest of the scene? This might be related to how sprite scaling was implemented in old games such as Monkey Island, because that's the effect I'm trying to achieve, but with rotation added. Edit As per kaoD's suggestions, I tried to address the problem as a post-process. The easiest approach was to render to a separate render target first (downsampled to match the desired pixel size) and then upscale it when rendering a second time. It did address my requirements above. First I tried doing it Linear -> Point and the result was this: There's no distortion but the result looks blurred and it loses most of the highlights colors. In my opinion it breaks the retro look I needed. The second time I tried Point -> Point and the result was this: Despite the distortion, I think that might be good enough for my needs, although it does look better as a still image than in motion. To demonstrate, here's a video of the effect, although YouTube filtered the pixels out of it: http://youtu.be/hqokk58KFmI However, I'll leave the question open for a few more days in case someone comes up with a better sampling solution that maintains the crisp look while decreasing the amount of distortion when moving.

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  • Animating Tile with Blitting taking up Memory.

    - by Kid
    I am trying to animate a specific tile in my 2d Array, using blitting. The animation consists of three different 16x16 sprites in a tilesheet. Now that works perfect with the code below. BUT it's causing memory leakage. Every second the FlashPlayer is taking up +140 kb more in memory. What part of the following code could possibly cause the leak: //The variable Rectangle finds where on the 2d array we should clear the pixels //Fillrect follows up by setting alpha 0 at that spot before we copy in nxt Sprite //Tiletype is a variable that holds what kind of tile the next tile in animation is //(from tileSheet) //drawTile() gets Sprite from tilesheet and copyPixels it into right position on canvas public function animateSprite():void{ tileGround.bitmapData.lock(); if(anmArray[0].tileType > 42){ anmArray[0].tileType = 40; frameCount = 0; } var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(anmArray[0].xtile * ts, anmArray[0].ytile * ts, ts, ts); tileGround.bitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0); anmArray[0].tileType = 40 + frameCount; drawTile(anmArray[0].tileType, anmArray[0].xtile, anmArray[0].ytile); frameCount++; tileGround.bitmapData.unlock(); } public function drawTile(spriteType:int, xt:int, yt:int):void{ var tileSprite:Bitmap = getImageFromSheet(spriteType, ts); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, ts, ts); var pt:Point = new Point(xt * ts, yt * ts); tileGround.bitmapData.copyPixels(tileSprite.bitmapData, rec, pt, null, null, true); } public function getImageFromSheet(spriteType:int, size:int):Bitmap{ var sheetColumns:int = tSheet.width/ts; var col:int = spriteType % sheetColumns; var row:int = Math.floor(spriteType/sheetColumns); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(col * ts, row * ts, size, size); var pt:Point = new Point(0,0); var correctTile:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(size, size, false, 0)); correctTile.bitmapData.copyPixels(tSheet, rec, pt, null, null, true); return correctTile; }

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  • 2D graphics - why use spritesheets?

    - by Columbo
    I have seen many examples of how to render sprites from a spritesheet but I havent grasped why it is the most common way of dealing with sprites in 2d games. I have started out with 2d sprite rendering in the few demo applications I've made by dealing with each animation frame for any given sprite type as its own texture - and this collection of textures is stored in a dictionary. This seems to work for me, and suits my workflow pretty well, as I tend to make my animations as gif/mng files and then extract the frames to individual pngs. Is there a noticeable performance advantage to rendering from a single sheet rather than from individual textures? With modern hardware that is capable of drawing millions of polygons to the screen a hundred times a second, does it even matter for my 2d games which just deal with a few dozen 50x100px rectangles? The implementation details of loading a texture into graphics memory and displaying it in XNA seems pretty abstracted. All I know is that textures are bound to the graphics device when they are loaded, then during the game loop, the textures get rendered in batches. So it's not clear to me whether my choice affects performance. I suspect that there are some very good reasons most 2d game developers seem to be using them, I just don't understand why.

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  • Entity system and rendering types

    - by Papi75
    I would like to implement entity system in my game and I've got some question about entity system and rendering. Currently, my renderer got two types of elements: Current design Mesh : A default renderable with a Material, a Geometry and a Transformable Sprite : A type of mesh with some methods like "flip" and "setRect" methods and a rect member (With an imposed geometry, a quad) This objects inherit from "Spacial" class. Questions: How can I handle this two types in an entity system? I'm thinking about using "MeshComponent" and "SpriteComponent", but if I do that, an entity could have a Mesh and a Sprite at the same type, it's look stupid, right? I thought the idea to have a parent "rendering" component : "RenderableComponent" for "MeshComponent" and "SpriteComponent" but it will be difficult to handle "cast" in the game (ex: did I need to ask entity-getComponent or SpineComponent, …) Thanks a lot for reading me! My entity system work like that: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entity* entity = world->createEntity(); MeshComponent* mesh = entity->addComponent<MeshComponent>(material); mesh->loadFromFile("monkey.obj"); PhysicComponent* physic = entity->addComponent<PhysicComponent>(); physic->setMass(5.4f); physic->setVelocity( 0.5f, 2.f ); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- class RenderingSystem { private: Scene scene; public: void onEntityAdded( Entity* entity ) { scene.addMesh( entity->getComponent<MeshComponent>() ); } } class PhysicSystem { private: World world; public: void onEntityAdded( Entity* entity ) { world.addBody( entity->getComponent<PhysicComponent>()->getBody() ); } void process( Entity* entity ) { PhysicComponent* physic = entity->getComponent<PhysicComponent>(); } } ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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  • 2D XNA C#: Texture2D Wrapping Issue

    - by Kieran
    Working in C#/XNA for a Windows game: I'm using Texture2D to draw sprites. All of my sprites are 16 x 32. The sprites move around the screen as you would expect, by changing the top X/Y position of them when they're being drawn by the spritebatch. Most of the time when I run the game, the sprites appear like this: and when moved, they move as I expect, as one element. Infrequently they appear like this: and when moved it's like there are two sprites with a gap in between them - it's hard to describe. It only seems to happen sometimes - is there something I'm missing? I'd really like to know why this is happening. [Edit:] Adding Draw code as requested: This is the main draw routine - it first draws the sprite to a RenderTarget then blows it up by a scale of 4: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { // Draw to render target GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget); GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); Texture2D imSprite = null; spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.FrontToBack, null, SamplerState.PointWrap, null, null); ManSprite.Draw(spriteBatch); base.Draw(gameTime); spriteBatch.End(); // Draw render target to screen GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); imageFrame = (Texture2D)renderTarget; GraphicsDevice.Clear(ClearOptions.Target | ClearOptions.DepthBuffer, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0); spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.FrontToBack, null, SamplerState.PointClamp, null, null); spriteBatch.Draw(imageFrame, new Vector2(0, 0), null, Color.White, 0, new Vector2(0, 0), IM_SCALE, SpriteEffects.None, 0); spriteBatch.End(); } This is the draw routine for the Sprite class: public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw(Texture, new Vector2(PositionX, PositionY), null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, Scale, SpriteEffects.None, 0.3f); }

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  • "Accumulate" buffer results in XNA4?

    - by Utkarsh Sinha
    I'm trying to simulate a "heightmap" buffer in XNA4.0 but the results don't look correct. Here's what I'm hoping to achieve: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=-Q6ISVaM5Ww#t=517s (8:38). From what I understand, here are the steps to reach there: Pass height buffer + current entity's heightmap Generate a stencil and update the height buffer Render sprite+stencil For now, I'm just trying to get the height buffer thing to work. So here's the problem. Inside the draw loop, I do the following: Create a new render target & set it Draw the heightmap with a sprite batch(no shaders) graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null) Draw the rendertarget with SpriteBatch I expected to see all entities' heightmaps. But only the last entity's heightmap is visible. Any hints on what I'm doing wrong? Here's the code inside the draw loop: RenderTarget2D tempDepthStencil = new RenderTarget2D(graphicsDevice, graphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, graphicsDevice.Viewport.Height, false, graphicsDevice.DisplayMode.Format, DepthFormat.None); graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(tempDepthStencil); // Gather depth information SpriteBatch depthStencilSpriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDevice); depthStencilSpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearClamp, DepthStencilState.None, RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise); depthStencilSpriteBatch.Draw(texHeightmap, pos, null, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1, spriteEffects, 1); depthStencilSpriteBatch.End(); graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); SpriteBatch b1 = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDevice); b1.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, null, null, null); b1.Draw((Texture2D)tempDepthStencil, Vector2.Zero, null, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1, spriteEffects, 1); b1.End();

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  • Xna Equivalent of Viewport.Unproject in a draw call as a matrix transformation

    - by Nick Crowther
    I am making a 2D sidescroller and I would like to draw my sprite to world space instead of client space so I do not have to lock it to the center of the screen and when the camera stops the sprite will walk off screen instead of being stuck at the center. In order to do this I wanted to make a transformation matrix that goes in my draw call. I have seen something like this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3570192/xna-viewport-projection-and-spritebatch I have seen Matrix.CreateOrthographic() used to go from Worldspace to client space but, how would I go about using it to go from clientspace to worldspace? I was going to try putting my returns from the viewport.unproject method I have into a scale matrix such as: blah = Matrix.CreateScale(unproject.X,unproject.Y,0); however, that doesn't seem to work correctly. Here is what I'm calling in my draw method(where X is the coordinate my camera should follow): Vector3 test = screentoworld(X, graphics); var clienttoworld = Matrix.CreateScale(test.X,test.Y, 0); animationPlayer.Draw(theSpriteBatch, new Vector2(X.X,X.Y),false,false,0,Color.White,new Vector2(1,1),clienttoworld); Here is my code in my unproject method: Vector3 screentoworld(Vector2 some, GraphicsDevice graphics): Vector2 Position =(some.X,some.Y); var project = Matrix.CreateOrthographic(5*graphicsdevice.Viewport.Width, graphicsdevice.Viewport.Height, 0, 1); var viewMatrix = Matrix.CreateLookAt( new Vector3(0, 0, -4.3f), new Vector3(X.X,X.Y,0), Vector3.Up); //I have also tried substituting (cam.Position.X,cam.Position.Y,0) in for the (0,0,-4.3f) Vector3 nearSource = new Vector3(Position, 0f); Vector3 nearPoint = graphicsdevice.Viewport.Unproject(nearSource, project, viewMatrix, Matrix.Identity); return nearPoint;

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  • Animating DOM elements vs refreshing a single Canvas

    - by mgibsonbr
    A few years ago, when the HTML Canvas element was still kinda fresh, I wrote a small game in a rather "unusual" way: each game element had its own canvas, and frequently animated elements even had multiple canvases, one for each animation sprite. This way, the translation would be done by manipulating the DOM position of the canvases, while the sprite animation would consist of altering the visibility of the already drawn canvases. (z-indexes, of course, were the tricky part) It worked like a charm: even in IE6 with excanvas it showed a decent performance, and everything was rather consistent between browsers, including some smartphones. Now I'm thinking in writing a larger game engine in the same fashion, so I'm wondering whether it would be a good idea to do so in the current context (with all the advances in browsers and so on). I know I'm trading memory for time, so this needs to be customizable (even at runtime) for each machine the game will be running. But I believe using separate canvases would also help to avoid the game "freezing" on CPU spikes, since the translation would still happen even if the redraws lag for a while. Besides, the browsers' rendering engines are already optimized in may ways, so I'm guessing this scheme would also reduce the load on the CPU (in contrast to doing everything in JavaScript - specially the less optimized ones). It looks good in my head, but I'd like to hear the opinion of more experienced people before proceeding further. Is there any known drawback of doing this? I'm particulartly unexperienced in dealing with the GPU, so I wonder whether this "trick" would nullify any benefit of using a single, big canvas. Or maybe on modern devices it's overkill (though I'm skeptic about the claims that canvas+js - especially WebGL - will ever be a good alternative to native code). Any thoughts?

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  • Z-order with Alpha blending in a 3D world

    - by user41765
    I'm working on a game in a 3D world with 2D sprites only (like Don't Starve game). (OpenGL ES2 with C++) Currently, I'm ordering elements back to front before drawing them without batch (so 1 element = 1 drawcall). I would like to implement batching in my framework to decrease draw calls. Here is what I've got for the moment: Order all elements of my scene back to front. Send order list of elements to the Renderer. Renderer look in his batch manager if a batch exist for the given element with his Material. Batch didn't exist: create a new one. Batch exist for element with this Material: Add sprite to the batch. Compute big mesh with all sprite for each batch (1 material type = 1 batch). When all batches are ok, the batch manager compute draw commands for the renderer. Renderer process draw commands (bind shader, bind textures, bind buffers, draw element) Image with my problem here: Explication here But I've got some problems because objects can be behind another objects inside another batch. How can I do something like that? Thanks!

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  • Sprites rendering blurry with velocity

    - by ashes999
    After adding velocity to my game, I feel like my textures are twitching. I thought it was just my eyes, until I finally captured it in a screenshot: The one on the left is what renders in my game; the one on the right is the original sprite, pasted over. (This is a screenshot from Photoshop, zoomed in 6x.) Notice the edges are aliasing -- it looks almost like sub-pixel rendering. In fact, if I had not forced my sprites (which have position and velocity as ints) to draw using integer values, I would swear that MonoGame is drawing with floating point values. But it isn't. What could be the cause of these things appearing blurry? It doesn't happen without velocity applied. To be precise, my SpriteComponent class has a Vector2 Position field. When I call Draw, I essentially use new Vector2((int)Math.Round(this.Position.X), (int)Math.Round(this.Position.Y)) for the position. I had a bug before where even stationary objects would jitter -- that was due to me using the straight Position vector and not rounding the values to ints. If I use Floor/Ceiling instead of round, the sprite sinks/hovers (one pixel difference either way) but still draws blurry.

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  • If statement causing xna sprites to draw frame by frame

    - by user1489599
    I’m a bit new to XNA but I wanted to write a simple program that would fire a cannon ball from a cannon at a 45 degree angle. It works fine outside of my keyboard i/o if statement, but when I encapsulate the code around an if statement checking to see if the user hits the space bar, the sprite will draw one frame at a time every time the space bar is hit. This is the code in question if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyUp(Keys.Space) && previousKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space) && !skullBall.Alive) { //works outside the keyboard input if statement //{ skullBall.Position = cannon.Position; skullBall.DeltaY = -(float)(Math.Sin(MathHelper.ToRadians(45)) * 50/*39.7577*/ * time + 0.5 * (gravity * (time * time))); skullBall.DeltaX = (float)(Math.Cos(MathHelper.ToRadians(45)) * 50/*39.7577*/ * time); skullBall.Alive = true; //} } The skull ball represents the cannon ball and the cannon is just the starting point. DeltaX and DeltaY are the values I’m using to update the cannon balls position per update. I know it's dumb to have the cannon ball start at the cannons position every time the update is called but it’s not really noticeable right now. I was wondering if after examining my code, if anyone noticed any errors that would cause the sprite to display frame by frame instead of drawing it as a full animation of the cannon ball leaving the cannon and moving from there.

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  • Collision detection, stop gravity

    - by Scott Beeson
    I just started using Gamemaker Studio and so far it seems fairly intuitive. However, I set a room to "Room is Physics World" and set gravity to 10. I then enabled physics on my player object and created a block object to match a platform on my background sprite. I set up a Collision Detection event for the player and the block objects that sets the gravity to 0 (and even sets the vspeed to 0). I also put a notification in the collision event and I don't get that either. I have my key down and key up events working well, moving the player left and right and changing the sprites appropriately, so I think I understand the event system. I must just be missing something simple with the physics. I've tried making both and neither of the objects "solid". Pretty frustrating since it looks so easy. The player starting point is directly above the block object in the grid and the player does fall through the block. I even made the block sprite solid red so I could see it (initially it was invisible, obviously).

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  • Slick2d Spritesheet showing whole image

    - by BotskoNet
    I'm trying to show a single subimage from a sprite sheet. Using slick2d SpriteSheet class, all it's doing is showing me the entire image, but scaled down to fit the cell dimensions. The image is 96x192 and should have cells of 32x32. The code: SpriteSheet spriteSheet = new SpriteSheet("images/"+file, 32, 32 ); System.out.println("Horiz Count: " + spriteSheet.getHorizontalCount()); System.out.println("Vert Count: " + spriteSheet.getVerticalCount()); System.out.println("Height: " + spriteSheet.getHeight()); System.out.println("Width: " + spriteSheet.getWidth()); System.out.println("Texture Width: " + spriteSheet.getTextureWidth()); System.out.println("Texture Height: " + spriteSheet.getTextureHeight()); Prints: Horiz Count: 3 Vert Count: 6 Height: 192 Width: 96 Texture Width: 0.75 Texture Height: 0.75 Not sure what the texture dimensions refer to, but the rest is entirely accurate. However, when I draw the icon, the entire sprite image shows scaled down to 32x32: Image image = spriteSheet.getSprite(1, 0); // a test image.bind(); GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_BLEND); GL11.glBlendFunc(GL11.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL11.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0,0); GL11.glVertex2f(x,y); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1,0); GL11.glVertex2f(x+image.getWidth(),y); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1,1); GL11.glVertex2f(x+image.getWidth(),y+image.getHeight()); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0,1); GL11.glVertex2f(x,y+image.getHeight()); GL11.glEnd(); GL11.glDisable(GL11.GL_BLEND);

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