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  • Change classloader

    - by Chris
    I'm trying to switch the class loader at runtime: public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { final InjectingClassLoader classLoader = new InjectingClassLoader(); Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(classLoader); Thread thread = new Thread("test") { public void run() { System.out.println("running..."); // approach 1 ClassLoader cl = TestProxy.class.getClassLoader(); try { Class c = classLoader.loadClass("classloader.TestProxy"); Object o = c.newInstance(); c.getMethod("test", new Class[] {}).invoke(o); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // approach 2 new TestProxy().test(); }; }; thread.setContextClassLoader(classLoader); thread.start(); } } and: public class TestProxy { public void test() { ClassLoader tcl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); ClassLoader ccl = ClassToLoad.class.getClassLoader(); ClassToLoad classToLoad = new ClassToLoad(); } } (it is not relevant what the InjectingClassLoader is) I'd like to make the result of "approach 1" and "approach 2" exactly same, but it looks like thread.setContextClassLoader(classLoader) does nothing and the "approach 2" always uses the system classloader (can be determined by comparing tcl and ccl variables while debugging). Is it possible to make all classes loaded by new thread use given classloader?

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  • Struts2 Converting Enum Array fills array with single null value

    - by Kyle Partridge
    For a simple action class with these member variables: ... private TestConverterEnum test; private TestConverterEnum[] tests; private List<TestConverterEnum> tList; ... And a simple enum: public enum TestConverterEnum { A, B, C; } Using the default struts2 enum conversion, when I send the request like so: TestConterter.action?test=&tests=&tList=&b=asdf For test I get a null value, which is expected. For the Array and List, however, I get and Array (or list) with one null element. Is this what is expected? Is there a way to prevent this. We recently upgraded our struts2 version, and we had our own converters, which also don't work in this case, so I was hoping to use the default conversion method. We already have code that is validating these arrays for null and length, and I don't want to have to add another condition to these branches. Is there a way to prevent this bevavior?

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  • Interface vs Abstract Class (general OO)

    - by Kave
    Hi, I have had recently two telephone interviews where I've been asked about the differences between an Interface and an Abstract class. I have explained every aspect of them I could think of, but it seems they are waiting for me to mention something specific, and I dont know what it is. From my experience I think the following is true, if i am missing a major point please let me know: Interface: Every single Method declared in an Interface will have to be implemented in the subclass. Only Events, Delegates, Properties (C#) and Methods can exist in a Interface. A class can implement multiple Interfaces. Abstract Class Only Abstract methods have to be implemented by the subclass. An Abstract class can have normal methods with implementations. Abstract class can also have class variables beside Events, Delegates, Properties and Methods. A class can only implement one abstract class only due non-existence of Multi-inheritance in C#. 1) After all that the interviewer came up with the question What if you had an Abstract class with only abstract methods, how would that be different from an interface? I didnt know the answer but I think its the inheritance as mentioned above right? 2) An another interviewer asked me what if you had a Public variable inside the interface, how would that be different than in Abstract Class? I insisted you can't have a public variable inside an interface. I didn't know what he wanted to hear but he wasn't satisfied either. Many Thanks for clarification, Kave See Also: When to use an interface instead of an abstract class and vice versa Interfaces vs. Abstract Classes How do you decide between using an Abstract Class and an Interface?

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  • When NOT TO USE 'this' keyword?

    - by LifeH2O
    Sorry for asking it again, there are already 3 questions about this keyword. But all of them tell the purpose of 'this'. My question is when not to use 'this' keyword . OR Is it all right to use this keyword always in situation like the code class RssReader { private XmlTextReader _rssReader; private XmlDocument _rssDoc; private XmlNodeList _xn; protected XmlNodeList Item { get { return _xn; } } public int Count { get { return _count; } } public bool FetchFeed(String url) { this._rssReader = new XmlTextReader(url); this._rssDoc = new XmlDocument(); _rssDoc.Load(_rssReader); _xn = _rssDoc.SelectNodes("/rss/channel/item"); _count = _xn.Count; return true; } } here i have not used 'this' with "_xn" and "_count" also not with "_rssDoc.Load(_rssReader);" is it fine? Should i use "this" with all occurrences of class variables within the class?

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  • How can I find out if the MainActivity is being paused from my Java class?

    - by quinestor
    I am using motion sensor detection in my application. My design is this: a class gets the sensor services references from the main activity and then it implements SensorEventListener. That is, the MainActivity does not listen for sensor event changes: public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // ... code mSensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE); mAccelerometer = mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER); // The following is my java class, it does not extends any android fragment/activty mShakeUtil = new ShakeUtil(mSensorManager,mAccelerometer,this); // ..more code.. } I can't redesign ShakeUtil so it is a fragment nor activity, unfortunately. Now to illustrate the problem consider: MainActivity is on its way to be destroyed/paused. I.e screen rotation ShakeUtil's onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) gets called in the process.. One of the things that happen inside onSensorChanged is a dialog interaction, which gives the error: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState When the previous happens between MainActivity's onSaveInstanceState and onPause. I know this can be prevented if I successfully detect that MainActivity is being pause in ShakeUtil. How can I detect that MainActivity is being paused or onSaveInstanceState was called from ShakeUtil? Alternatively, how can I avoid this issue without making Shakeutil extend activity? So far I have tried with flag variables but that isn't good enough, I guess these are not atomic operations. I tried using Activity's isChangingConfigurations(), but I get an undocummented "NoSuchMethodFound" error.. I am unregistering the sensors by calling ShakeUtil when onPause in main ACtivity

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  • How to have multiple instances of jQuery plugin on single page?

    - by James Skidmore
    I'm writing a simple jQuery plugin, but I'm having trouble being able to use multiple instances on a page. For instance, here is a sample plugin to illustrate my point: (function($) { $.fn.samplePlugin = function(options) { if (typeof foo != 'undefined') { alert('Already defined!'); } else { var foo = 'bar'; } }; })(jQuery); And then if I do this: $(document).ready(function(){ $('#myDiv').samplePlugin({}); // does nothing $('#myDiv2').samplePlugion({}); // alerts "Already defined!" }); This is obviously an over-simplified example to get across the point. So my question is, how do I have two separate instances of the plugin? I'd like to be able to use it across multiple instances on the same page. I'm guessing that part of the problem might be with defining the variables in a global scope. How can I define them unique to that instance of the plugin then? Thank you for your guidance!

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  • floating point equality in Python and in general

    - by eric.frederich
    I have a piece of code that behaves differently depending on whether I go through a dictionary to get conversion factors or whether I use them directly. The following piece of code will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> False But if you replace factors[units_from] with 10.0 and factors[units_to ] with 1.0 / 2.54 it will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> True #!/usr/bin/env python base = 'cm' factors = { 'cm' : 1.0, 'mm' : 10.0, 'm' : 0.01, 'km' : 1.0e-5, 'in' : 1.0 / 2.54, 'ft' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0, 'yd' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 3.0, 'mile' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280, 'lightyear' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280 / 5.87849981e12, } # convert 25.4 mm to inches val = 25.4 units_from = 'mm' units_to = 'in' base_value = val / factors[units_from] ret = base_value * factors[units_to ] print ret, '==', 1.0, '->', ret == 1.0 Let me first say that I am pretty sure what is going on here. I have seen it before in C, just never in Python but since Python in implemented in C we're seeing it. I know that floating point numbers will change values going from a CPU register to cache and back. I know that comparing what should be two equal variables will return false if one of them was paged out while the other stayed resident in a register. Questions What is the best way to avoid problems like this?... In Python or in general. Am I doing something completely wrong? Side Note This is obviously part of a stripped down example but what I'm trying to do is come with with classes of length, volume, etc that can compare against other objects of the same class but with different units. Rhetorical Questions If this is a potentially dangerous problem since it makes programs behave in an undetermanistic matter, should compilers warn or error when they detect that you're checking equality of floats Should compilers support an option to replace all float equality checks with a 'close enough' function? Do compilers already do this and I just can't find the information.

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  • How do you refactor a large messy codebase?

    - by Ricket
    I have a big mess of code. Admittedly, I wrote it myself - a year ago. It's not well commented but it's not very complicated either, so I can understand it -- just not well enough to know where to start as far as refactoring it. I violated every rule that I have read about over the past year. There are classes with multiple responsibilities, there are indirect accesses (I forget the technical term - something like foo.bar.doSomething()), and like I said it is not well commented. On top of that, it's the beginnings of a game, so the graphics is coupled with the data, or the places where I tried to decouple graphics and data, I made the data public in order for the graphics to be able to access the data it needs... It's a huge mess! Where do I start? How would you start on something like this? My current approach is to take variables and switch them to private and then refactor the pieces that break, but that doesn't seem to be enough. Please suggest other strategies for wading through this mess and turning it into something clean so that I can continue where I left off!

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  • PAYPAL IPN Response Problem

    - by Gorkem Tolan
    I am having a problem with Paypal IPN response. After payment is made by the customer, paypal ipn returns this url www.mywebsite.com?orderid=32&tx=2AC67201DL3533325&st=Pending&amt=2.50&cc=USD&cm=&item_number=32 There are a couple of issues 1- Postback field names are undefined or missing. Thus I can get the INVALID message. I am not sure if my website does not read POST variables. When I looked at IPN history, it shows that each IPN has been sent with the complete url. 2- Payment status keeps coming Pending. Does this issue cause the first issue? Thank you for your responses in advance. Here is the code: Dim strSandbox As String, strLive As String Dim req As HttpWebRequest strSandbox = "http://www.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr/" strLive = "https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" req = CType(WebRequest.Create(strSandbox), HttpWebRequest) 'Set values for the request back req.Method = "POST" req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" Dim param() As Byte param = Request.BinaryRead(HttpContext.Current.Request.ContentLength) Dim strRequest As String strRequest = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(param) strRequest = strRequest & "&cmd=_notify-validate" req.ContentLength = strRequest.Length 'Response.Write(strRequest) 'Send the request to PayPal and get the response Dim streamOut As StreamWriter streamOut = New StreamWriter(req.GetRequestStream(), System.Text.Encoding.ASCII) streamOut.Write(strRequest) streamOut.Close() Dim streamIn As StreamReader streamIn = New StreamReader(req.GetResponse().GetResponseStream()) Dim strResponse As String strResponse = streamIn.ReadToEnd() Response.Write(strResponse) streamIn.Close() If (strResponse = "VERIFIED") Then Response.Redirect("thankyou.aspx") ElseIf (strResponse = "INVALID") Then End If

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  • How is a functional programming-based javascript app laid out?

    - by user321521
    I've been working with node.js for awhile on a chat app (I know, very original, but I figured it'd be a good learning project). Underscore.js provides a lot of functional programming concepts which look interesting, so I'd like to understand how a functional program in javascript would be setup. From my understanding of functional programming (which may be wrong), the whole idea is to avoid side effects, which are basically having a function which updates another variable outside of the function so something like var external; function foo() { external = 'bar'; } foo(); would be creating a side effect, correct? So as a general rule, you want to avoid disturbing variables in the global scope. Ok, so how does that work when you're dealing with objects and what not? For example, a lot of times, I'll have a constructor and an init method that initializes the object, like so: var Foo = function(initVars) { this.init(initVars); } Foo.prototype.init = function(initVars) { this.bar1 = initVars['bar1']; this.bar2 = initVars['bar2']; //.... } var myFoo = new Foo({'bar1': '1', 'bar2': '2'}); So my init method is intentionally causing side effects, but what would be a functional way to handle the same sort of situation? Also, if anyone could point me to either a python or javascript source code of a program that tries to be as functional as possible, that would also be much appreciated. I feel like I'm close to "getting it", but I'm just not quite there. Mainly I'm interested in how functional programming works with traditional OOP classes concept (or does away with it for something different if that's the case).

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  • Strange behavior with Javascript's __defineSetter__

    - by Shea Barton
    I have a large project in which I need to intercept assignments to things like element.src, element.href, element.style, etc. I figured out to do this with defineSetter, but it is behaving very strangely (using Chrome 8.0.552.231) An example: var attribs = ["href", "src", "background", "action", "onblur", "style", "onchange", "onclick", "ondblclick", "onerror", "onfocus", "onkeydown", "onkeypress", "onkeyup", "onmousedown", "onmousemove", "onmouseover", "onmouseup", "onresize", "onselect", "onunload"]; for(a = 0; a < attribs.length; a++) { var attrib_name = attribs[a]; var func = new Function("attrib_value", "this.setAttribute(\"" + attrib_name + "\", attrib_value.toUpperCase());"); HTMLElement.prototype.__defineSetter__(attrib_name, func); } What this code should do is whenever common element attribute in attribs is assigned, it uses setAttribute() to set a uppercased version of that attribute. For some very strange reason, the setter works for only ~1/3 of the assignments. For example with element.src = "test" the new src is "TEST", like it should be however with element.href = "test" the new href is "test", not uppercase then even when I try element.__lookupSetter__("href"), it returns the proper, uppercasing setter the strangest thing is different variables are intercepted properly between Chrome and Firefox help!!

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  • Is there really such a thing as a char or short in modern programming?

    - by Dean P
    Howdy all, I've been learning to program for a Mac over the past few months (I have experience in other languages). Obviously that has meant learning the Objective C language and thus the plainer C it is predicated on. So I have stumbles on this quote, which refers to the C/C++ language in general, not just the Mac platform. With C and C++ prefer use of int over char and short. The main reason behind this is that C and C++ perform arithmetic operations and parameter passing at integer level, If you have an integer value that can fit in a byte, you should still consider using an int to hold the number. If you use a char, the compiler will first convert the values into integer, perform the operations and then convert back the result to char. So my question, is this the case in the Mac Desktop and IPhone OS environments? I understand when talking about theses environments we're actually talking about 3-4 different architectures (PPC, i386, Arm and the A4 Arm variant) so there may not be a single answer. Nevertheless does the general principle hold that in modern 32 bit / 64 bit systems using 1-2 byte variables that don't align with the machine's natural 4 byte words doesn't provide much of the efficiency we may expect. For instance, a plain old C-Array of 100,000 chars is smaller than the same 100,000 ints by a factor of four, but if during an enumeration, reading out each index involves a cast/boxing/unboxing of sorts, will we see overall lower 'performance' despite the saved memory overhead?

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  • How to emulate mod_rewrite in PHP

    - by Tyler Crompton
    I have a few URLs that I want to map to certain files via PHP. Currently, I am just using mod_rewrite in Apache. However, my application is getting too large for the rewriting to be done with regular expressions. So I created a file router.php that does the rewriting. I understand to do a redirect I could just send the Location: header. However, I don't always want to do a redirect. For example, I may want /api/item/ to map to the file /herp/derp.php relative to the document root. I need to preserve the HTTP method as well. "No problem," I thought. I made my .htaccess have the following snippet. RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^api/item/$ /cgi-bin/router.php [L] And my router.php file looks as follows: <?php $uri = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']); $query = isset($uri['query']) ? $uri['query'] ? array(); // some code that modifies the query require_once "{$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']}/herp/derp.php?" . http_build_query($query); ?> However, this doesn't work, because the OS is looking for a file named derp.php?some=query. How can I simulate a rewrite rule such as RewriteRule ^api/item/$ /herp/derp/ [L] in PHP. In other words, how do I tell the server to process a different URL than requested and preserve the query and HTTP method without causing a redirect? Note: Using variables set in router.php is less than desirable and is bad structure since it's only supposed to be responsible for handling URLs. I am open to using a light-weight third party solution.

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  • Effective Method to Manage and Search Through 100,000+ Objects Instantly? (C#)

    - by Kirk
    I'm writing a media player for enthusiasts with large collections (over 100,000 tracks) and one of my main goals is speed in search. I would like to allow the user to perform a Google-esque search of their entire music collection based on these factors: Song Path and File Name Items in ID3 Tag (Title, Artist, Album, etc.) Lyrics What is the best way for me to store this data and search through it? Currently I am storing each track in an object and iterating over an array of these objects checking each of their variables for string matches based on given search text. I've run into problems though where my search is not effective because it is always a phrase search and I'm not sure how to make it more fuzzy. Would an internal DB like SQLlite be faster than this? Any ideas on how I should structure this system? I also need playlist persistence, so that when they close the app and open the app their same playlist loads immediately. How should I store the playlist information so it can load quickly when the application starts? Currently I am JSON encoding the entire playlist, storing it in a text file, and reading it into the ListView at runtime, but it is getting sluggish over 20,000 tracks. Thanks!

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  • 'Fixed' for loop - what is more efficient?

    - by pimvdb
    I'm creating a tic-tac-toe game, and one of the functions has to iterate through each of the 9 fields (tic-tac-toe is played on a 3x3 grid). I was wondering what is more efficient (which one is perhaps faster, or what is the preferred way of scripting in such situation) - using two for nested loops like this: for(var i=0; i<3; i++) { for(var j=0; j<3; j++) { checkField(i, j); } } or hard-coding it like this: checkField(0, 0); checkField(0, 1); checkField(0, 2); checkField(1, 0); checkField(1, 1); checkField(1, 2); checkField(2, 0); checkField(2, 1); checkField(2, 2); As there are only 9 combinations, it would be perhaps overkill to use two nested for loops, but then again this is clearer to read. The for loop, however, will increment variables and check whether i and j are smaller than 3 every time as well. In this example, the time saving at least might be negligible, but what is the preferred way of coding in this case? Thanks.

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  • Create a model that switches between two different states using Temporal Logic?

    - by NLed
    Im trying to design a model that can manage different requests for different water sources. Platform : MAC OSX, using latest Python with TuLip module installed. For example, Definitions : Two water sources : w1 and w2 3 different requests : r1,r2,and r3 - Specifications : Water 1 (w1) is preferred, but w2 will be used if w1 unavailable. Water 2 is only used if w1 is depleted. r1 has the maximum priority. If all entities request simultaneously, r1's supply must not fall below 50%. - The water sources are not discrete but rather continuous, this will increase the difficulty of creating the model. I can do a crude discretization for the water levels but I prefer finding a model for the continuous state first. So how do I start doing that ? Some of my thoughts : Create a matrix W where w1,w2 ? W Create a matrix R where r1,r2,r3 ? R or leave all variables singular without putting them in a matrix I'm not an expert in coding so that's why I need help. Not sure what is the best way to start tackling this problem. I am only interested in the model, or a code sample of how can this be put together. edit Now imagine I do a crude discretization of the water sources to have w1=[0...4] and w2=[0...4] for 0, 25, 50, 75,100 percent respectively. == means implies Usage of water sources : if w1[0]==w2[4] -- meaning if water source 1 has 0%, then use 100% of water source 2 etc if w1[1]==w2[3] if w1[2]==w2[2] if w1[3]==w2[1] if w1[4]==w2[0] r1=r2=r3=[0,1] -- 0 means request OFF and 1 means request ON Now what model can be designed that will give each request 100% water depending on the values of w1 and w2 (w1 and w2 values are uncontrollable so cannot define specific value, but 0...4 is used for simplicity )

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  • JSLINT error: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function.

    - by Oleg Yaroshevych
    JSLINT site updated, and I cannot check JS scripts anymore. For me, this warning is not critical, and I don't want to go through thousands of lines to fix this, I want to find more critical problems. Does anybody know how to turn off this error, or use legacy JSLINT? UPDATE Example: function doSomethingWithNodes(nodes){ this.doSomething(); for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ this.doSomethingElse(nodes[i]); } doSomething(); // want to find this problem } jslint.com output: Error: Problem at line 4 character 8: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function. for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ Problem at line 4 character 8: Stopping, unable to continue. (44% scanned). Problem: Having variables on top of the functions is new requirement. I cannot use JSLINT to test code, because it stops scanning script on this error. I have a lot of code, and do not want to threat this warning as critical error.

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  • Assign sage variable values into R objects via sagetex and Sweave

    - by sheed03
    I am writing a short Sweave document that outputs into a Beamer presentation, in which I am using the sagetex package to solve an equation for two parameters in the beta binomial distribution, and I need to assign the parameter values into the R session so I can do additional processing on those values. The following code excerpt shows how I am interacting with sage: <<echo=false,results=hide>>= mean.raw <- c(5, 3.5, 2) theta <- 0.5 var.raw <- mean.raw + ((mean.raw^2)/theta) @ \begin{frame}[fragile] \frametitle{Test of Sage 2} \begin{sagesilent} var('a1, b1, a2, b2, a3, b3') eqn1 = [1000*a1/(a1+b1)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[1]}, ((1000*a1*b1)*(1000+a1+b1))/((a1+b1)^2*(a1+b1+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[1]}] eqn2 = [1000*a2/(a2+b2)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[2]}, ((1000*a2*b2)*(1000+a2+b2))/((a2+b2)^2*(a2+b2+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[2]}] eqn3 = [1000*a3/(a3+b3)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[3]}, ((1000*a3*b3)*(1000+a3+b3))/((a3+b3)^2*(a3+b3+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[3]}] s1 = solve(eqn1, a1,b1) s2 = solve(eqn2, a2,b2) s3 = solve(eqn3, a3,b3) \end{sagesilent} Solutions of Beta Binomial Parameters: \begin{itemize} \item $\sage{s1[0]}$ \item $\sage{s2[0]}$ \item $\sage{s3[0]}$ \end{itemize} \end{frame} Everything compiles just fine, and in that slide I am able to see the solutions to the three equations respective parameters in that itemized list (for example the first item in the itemized list from that beamer slide is outputted as [a1=(328/667), b1=(65272/667)] (I am not able to post an image of the beamer slide but I hope you get the idea). I would like to save the parameter values a1,b1,a2,b2,a3,b3 into R objects so that I can use them in simulations. I cannot find any documentation in the sagetex package on how to save output from sage commands into variables for use with other programs (in this case R). Any suggestions on how to get these values into R?

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  • facebook authentication / login trouble

    - by salmane
    I have setup facebook authentication using php and it goes something like this first getting the authorization here : https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/authorize?client_id=<?= $facebook_app_id ?>&redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/facebook/oauth/&scope=user_about_me,publish_stream then getting the access Token here : $url = "https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/access_token?client_id=".$facebook_app_id."&redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/facebook/oauth/&client_secret=".$facebook_secret."&code=".$code;" function get_string_between($string, $start, $end){ $string = " ".$string; $ini = strpos($string,$start); if ($ini == 0) return ""; $ini += strlen($start); $len = strpos($string,$end,$ini) - $ini; return substr($string,$ini,$len); } $access_token = get_string_between(file_get_contents($url), "access_token=", "&expires="); then getting user info : $facebook_user = file_get_contents('https://graph.facebook.com/me?access_token='.$access_token); $facebook_id = json_decode($facebook_user)->id; $first_name = json_decode($facebook_user)->first_name; $last_name = json_decode($facebook_user)->last_name; this is pretty ugly ( in my opinion ) but it works....how ever....the user is still not logged in...because i did not create or retrieve any session variables to confirm that the user is logged in to facebook... which means that after getting the authentication done the use still has to login .... first: is there a better way using php to do what i did above ? second: how do i set/ get session variable / cookies that ensure that the user doesnt have to click login thanks for your help

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  • UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character [...]

    - by user1461135
    I have read the HOWTO on Unicode from the official docs and a full, very detailed article as well. Still I don't get it why it throws me this error. Here is what I attempt: I open an XML file that contains chars out of ASCII range (but inside allowed XML range). I do that with cfg = codecs.open(filename, encoding='utf-8, mode='r') which runs fine. Looking at the string with repr() also shows me a unicode string. Now I go ahead and read that with parseString(cfg.read().encode('utf-8'). Of course, my XML file starts with this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>. Although I suppose it is not relevant, I also defined utf-8 for my python script, but since I am not writing unicode characters directly in it, this should not apply here. Same for the following line: from __future__ import unicode_literals which also is right at the beginning. Next thing I pass the generated Object to my own class where I read tags into variables like this: xmldata.getElementsByTagName(tagName)[0].firstChild.data and assign it to a variable in my class. Now what perfectly works are those commands (obj is an instance of the class): for element in obj: print element And this command does work as well: print obj.__repr__() I defined __iter__() to just yield every variable while __repr__() uses the typical printf stuff: "%s" % self.varname Both commands print perfectly and can output the unicode character. What does not work is this: print obj And now I am stuck because this throws the dreaded UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xfc' in position 47: So what am I missing? What am I doing wrong? I am looking for a general solution, I always want to handle strings as unicode, just to avoid any possible errors and write a compatible program. Edit: I also defined this: def __str__(self): return self.__repr__() def __unicode__(self): return self.__repr__() From documentation I got that this

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  • C++ converting back and forth from derived and base classes

    - by user127817
    I was wondering if there is a way in C++ to accomplish the following: I have a base class called ResultBase and two class that are Derived from it, Variable and Expression. I have a few methods that do work on vector<ResultBase> . I want to be able to pass in vectors of Variable and Expression into these methods. I can achieve this by creating a vector<ResultBase> and using static_cast to fill it with the members from my vector of Variable/Expression. However, once the vector has run through the methods, I want to be able to get it back as the vector of Result/Expression. I'll know for sure which one I want back. static_cast won't work here as there isn't a method to reconstruct a Variable/Expression from a ResultBase, and more importantly I wouldn't have the original properties of the Variables/Expressions The methods modify some of the properties of the ResultBase and I need those changes to be reflected in the original vectors. (i.e. ResultBase has a property called IsLive, and one of the methods will modify this property. I want this IsLive value to be reflected in the derived class used to create the ResultBase Whats the easiest way to accomplish this?

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  • Why would this Lua optimization hack help?

    - by Ian Boyd
    i'm looking over a document that describes various techniques to improve performance of Lua script code, and i'm shocked that such tricks would be required. (Although i'm quoting Lua, i've seen similar hacks in Javascript). Why would this optimization be required: For instance, the code for i = 1, 1000000 do local x = math.sin(i) end runs 30% slower than this one: local sin = math.sin for i = 1, 1000000 do local x = sin(i) end They're re-declaring sin function locally. Why would this be helpful? It's the job of the compiler to do that anyway. Why is the programmer having to do the compiler's job? i've seen similar things in Javascript; and so obviously there must be a very good reason why the interpreting compiler isn't doing its job. What is it? i see it repeatedly in the Lua environment i'm fiddling in; people redeclaring variables as local: local strfind = strfind local strlen = strlen local gsub = gsub local pairs = pairs local ipairs = ipairs local type = type local tinsert = tinsert local tremove = tremove local unpack = unpack local max = max local min = min local floor = floor local ceil = ceil local loadstring = loadstring local tostring = tostring local setmetatable = setmetatable local getmetatable = getmetatable local format = format local sin = math.sin What is going on here that people have to do the work of the compiler? Is the compiler confused by how to find format? Why is this an issue that a programmer has to deal with? Why would this not have been taken care of in 1993? i also seem to have hit a logical paradox: Optimizatin should not be done without profiling Lua has no ability to be profiled Lua should not be optimized

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  • How to create an array of buttons in C++

    - by mangoman13
    Hi, I'm using C++ in VS2005 and have an 8x8 grid of buttons on a form. I want to have these buttons in an array, so when I click on any of them it will open the same event handler (I think that is what they are called), but I will know the index of which one was clicked on. I know how to do this in VB and C#, but I can't seem to figure it out with C++ Right now I have all my buttons labelled by their location, i.e. b00, b10, b21, etc. So I think what I am looking for is a way to do something like this: Button b[8][8]; //this causes me errors (error C2728: 'System::Windows::Forms::Button' : a native array cannot contain this managed type) and (error C2227: left of '->{ctor}' must point to class/struct/union/generic type) void Assignment(){ b[0][0] = b00; b[1][0] = b10; ... } and then in form1.h: private: System::Void b_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) { //somehow read the coordinates into variables x and y //do something based on these values } Any help would be appreciated. Also let me know if I am going in the complete wrong direction with this. Thanks!

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  • Keeping cached browser data inside ASP update panel textboxes/dropdowns for browser back click

    - by pmlevere
    I'm new in VB.net/asp and am running a VB web application in a visual database program called IronSpeed designer. I'm primarily using IronSpeed in this case for its login/role security features. I have a basic two page setup for this app. The user logs in then is taken to AccountEntry.aspx, they enter data into textboxes and select some dropdown values that are linked to a sql database, then they click "submit" to move to Results.aspx. On Results.aspx, the user can change data and then generate several types of reports (PDF, Excel, etc). I'm used to setting up ASP controls inside ASPContent areas, and in these areas if a user performs a browser back click the previously entered data will still be on the page for potential user modification. However in this web app, IronSpeed is setting up the page and asp controls inside an asp update panel. It appears inside an asp update panel, cached values can't be seen on a browser back click. In this case, it's important that the orginally entered values still be there for the user experience if the user advances to Results.aspx then clicks browser back to modify a value on AccountEntry.aspx. If I have to I'll setup Session Variables and disable browser clicking, but that is last resort. Is there any way to save cached data inside an asp update panel and have it there for a browser back click?

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  • Finding out max available print area

    - by Armagan
    I'm trying to find out max available area on my printer. I've printed a simple rectangle trying out different boundary variables. My question is, why doesn't first two work correctly? They don't print a full rectangle on the paper, only the left and top sides are drawn. Why does only the third one prints a full rectangle? I was under the impression of that all three should be working correctly. What am I missing? Here's my code: this.printDocument1.DefaultPageSettings.Margins = new Margins(0, 0, 0, 0); ... private void PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs e) { //Method 1, no right and bottom sides are printed e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black, 1), e.PageBounds); //Method 2, same as Method 1 e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black, 1), e.MarginBounds); //Method 3, works correctly e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black, 1), new Rectangle((int)e.Graphics.VisibleClipBounds.X, (int)e.Graphics.VisibleClipBounds.Y, (int)e.Graphics.VisibleClipBounds.Width, (int)e.Graphics.VisibleClipBounds.Height)); }

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