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• Running Ubuntu off a USB drive?

  - by Solignis

  I was wondering if a USB 2.0 Thumb drive has enough bandwidth to act as a primary system drive in an Ubuntu Linux server. More specifically an SAN server. I am running an iSCSI target, ZFS and NFS-kernel-server, BIND9 (Slave), and Openldap (Slave). I was thinking of resorting to a thumb drive because my new motherboard only has 4 SATA ports and I have 5 disks. 4 (ZFS Pool) 1 (System). And unless I get an expansion card there is no way to get more SATA ports. This "server" leans more twords a home server. I use in my lab with my VMware server. It provides storage, or atleast it did until it died. Would it still be better to go with the SATA hard disk?

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• Data storage solutions for rapidly running out of space

  - by Grimlockz

  I have 2 web servers (1 live and other backup), the issue I have is our storage is rapidly running out. All the data on the server is used by our customers and new documents are uploaded to the server daily. So nothing can be deleted as it's always in use. We use a flat file structure with no database. I'm seeking solutions or ideas for the best place to move the our data to. The data has to be secure and needs to run on a linux environment. Not sure where to start - clusters, vmware, or they such solutions for huge file servers?

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• Disabling the shell of user "daemon" (/bin/false)

  - by BurninLeo

  on a Linux system there are lot's of users by default: daemon, bin, sys, games, etc. According to my /etc/passwd most of these users have a shell assigned (/bin/sh) which seems some kind of insecure to me. My naive thinking would say: Only give those users a shell that may login to the server. Is my thinking wrong? If not completely wrong: Can I disable the shell for "daemon" and "www-data" without having side effects (e.g. the system wont start or the Apache PHP cannot excute system calls)? Thanks for your hints!

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• Iptable Rule to redirect all traffic requesting a specific domain

  - by user548971

  I'm on a simple linux proxy. I'd like to add iptable rules to drop all requests for a specific domain. I figured I run a dig command to get the ip addresses for the domain and then add an iptable rule for each one. It seems, however, that it doesn't work to bind to more than one ip address. So, it seems I need to add ip ranges like this... iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp -m iprange --dst-range 66.220.144.0-66.220.159.255 --dport 443 -j DROP That seems to work. However, it has proven pretty problematic to parse the output of dig and correctly create the appropriate iptable rules. Is there a better way? Thanks! EV

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• How to perform a nested mount when using chroot?

  - by user55542

  Note that this question is prompted by the circumstances detailed by me (as Xl1NntniNH7F) in http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-desktop-74/boot-failure-upon-updating-e2fsprogs-in-ubuntu-10-10-a-947328/. Thus if you could address the underlying cause of the boot failure, I would very much appreciate it. I'm trying to replicate the environment in my ubuntu installation (where the home folder is on a separate partition) in order to run make uninstall. I'm using a live cd. How to mount a dir in one partition (sda2, mounted in ubuntu as the home folder) into a directory on another mounted partition (sda3)? I did chroot /mnt/sda2 but I don't know how to mount sda3 to /home, and my various attempts didn't work. As I am unfamiliar with chroot, my approach could be wrong, so it would be great if you could suggest what I should do, given my circumstances.

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• List files recursively and sort by modification time

  - by Problemaniac

  How do I list all files under a directory recursively and sort the output by modification time? I normally use ls -lhtc but it doesn't find all files recursively. I am using Linux and Mac. ls -l on Mac OS X can give -rw-r--r-- 1 fsr user 1928 Mar 1 2011 foo.c -rwx------ 1 fsr user 3509 Feb 25 14:34 bar.c where the date part isn't consistent or aligned, so a solution have to take this into account. Partial solution stat -f "%m%t%Sm %N" ./* | sort -rn | head -3 | cut -f2- works, but not recursively.

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• cd ~ dumps me in a seemingly empty directory

  - by Davidos

  This is on a Linux mint box. I'm told everywhere to use the command cd ~ To switch to the root directory before doing some command line magic. For some reason though, it dumps me in a directory named ~ where ls gives nothing and I can't get back to my home directory; I have to restart the terminal session to get out of the empty root directory. I'm positive that everything is just hidden to me, but even as a super-user I can't get the folders to show themselves. I usually just fall back to using a graphical file browser to roam those forbidden files, but I've recently just been shut out of my root directory, and the machine refuses to allow me to change the permissions on the stupid thing even when I type the root password in. It may just be some over-rigorous end-user shielding on the part of the mint team, but it's getting to be really frustrating now.

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• what are the following keyboard shortcuts in a terminal?

  - by kloop

  I am trying to figure out a few keyboard shortcuts in a terminal in mac osx (and Linux): In the command line: go to the next word go to the previous word go to the end of the line go to the beginning of the line This will make it easier to change commands.. Right now, I am using the left/right arrow keys, which is time consuming. I used bind -p as suggested below. EDIT: What do the following key bindings mean? "\e\e[D": backward-word "\e[1;5D": backward-word "\e[5D": backward-word "\eb": backward-word and: "\e\e[C": forward-word "\e[1;5C": forward-word "\e[5C": forward-word "\ef": forward-word

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• Preparing a hyper-v VM image

  - by Anteru

  We have a Hyper-V Windows Server 2k3, and we're hosting multiple VMs on it. However, right now, we always start the VM creation right on the server, i.e. when preparing a new Ubuntu image, I just install it into a new VM and set it up and when I'm happy we store the disk image. I wonder if there is a way to prepare a hyper-v image locally on my desktop machine instead? I'm running Windows 7, and I would love to be able to set up a VM so that we can copy the image over to the server and be done with it. This is for linux images only, and we definitely need the hyperv network integration. Is there a recommended way how to prepare hyperv images without running a hyperv instance somewhere?

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• Keyboard no longer works when entering BIOS

  - by Tommy

  I am trying to boot from USB so I can install a couple different Linux distros. I can enter the BIOS, but as soon as I enter the BIOS the keyboard lights switch off (Num Lock and Caps Lock) and I cannot use the keyboard to do anything in the BIOS or even exit or restart the PC using Ctrl+Alt+Del or do anything at all with the keyboard. But as soon as I boot back into Windows, everything is fine... I've never had this problem before and some Googling hasn't helped. I've tried using a few other keyboards and simply unplugging/replugging the keyboards, but it didn't work. Is there anything I can do in Windows to maybe find out why the keyboard isn't working in the BIOS screen? In the Device Manager, all the drivers are up to date and there are no conflicts.

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• Which IMAP servers support both messages and subfolders in a folder?

  - by user43516

  Hi, I currently have a POP server for email, which is delivered to a Thunderbird client. This Thunderbird client stores email locally into a hierarchy of subfolders containing both emails and subfolders. I now want to access this locally stored email from other clients. My first solution was to create an IMAP mailbox and move all the messages to the IMAP server. I wasn't able to do it because my IMAP server refused to create subfolders in folders already containing email. As the original hierarchy is quite complex, I can't modify it to try to get along with this limitation. Are there any Linux IMAP server that would accept having both messages and subfolders in a folder?

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• How to set a character set per application in *nix?

  - by SimmaDoWN

  I am attempting to set a character set of IBM850 on slackware linux for a particular application (epic5). Im using rxvt-unicode and have setup LANG/LC_*=en_US. Now if I set the encoding to IBM850 in kde's konsole program im able to display certain characters correctly. I'd rather not use IBM850 for everything; is there a way to set/alias a command for a per application execution? Ive tried things like: LC_CTYPE=IBM850 epic5 LC_ALL=IBM850 epic5 No success. Any help would be appreciated

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• A really unique case of Load Balancing

  - by Shamshun

  I have an internet connection which has limited up/down bandwidth per IP address. What I want to do is to get multiple IP addresses on a "single" LAN interface, and use a load balancer to distribute traffic through them. I was successful at getting 100 ip addresses on a single interface. my problem is that Linux and Windows use the first ip address of an interface by default, so my bandwidth is not increased. I would appreciate if someone tells me what Load Balancing software has the ability to distribute load between multiple IPs on a single interface. I have tried to do so on both Win7 and Backtrack-LinuxR2

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• rsync stuck with the --checksum option

  - by billc.cn

  I use back-in-time to backup my Linux installation. It serves as an advanced wrapper for the rsync command. Today I tried to add /var/log to the list of folders to be backed up and it caused some serious performance problems. The job seems to stuck on a particular file and the CPU usage of the rsync parent process reaches 100%. I then used lsof to see which file caused the problem and it seems to be the /var/log directory. I did some googling and some experiments with the different rsync options and found --checksum to be the offender. Without the parameter, an incremental backup finishes properly in minutes. With it, the process will stuck when rsync tries to sync a constantly changing log file. This kind of make sense, but it still seems to be a bug to me. Am I using the option correctly? Is there a workaround for this?

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• Is it possible to power off a PCIe video card/slot? (eg. hot-plug)

  - by CR.

  I'm looking at building a system that supports VT-d so I can pass through a high powered loud video card to a Xen/KVM/whatever VM (host will be Linux based). However, when I'm not using the VM I want to turn the video card off so its fan does not run. The card will not be used when the VM isn't running. Anyone know if this is possible? The PCI-Express hot-plug specification allows cutting power to specific slots but I have never heard of anyone doing it with a video card and my searches for information have turned up nothing.

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• disbale ssh for bnroot as root account

  - by user2916639

  i am beginner with centos - Linux i have dedicated server . my root username is bnroot . now i am taking ssh using this user. i want to disable ssh for bnroot. i have created user user name welcome i want take ssh login by welcome user then i ll use su - bnroot to get root privileges. i have set PermitRootLogin no , AllowUsers welcome IN /etc/sshd_config and after restarting sshd service . i take ssh login by welcome use then it is ok. but when i use su bnroot its prompt to password and i enter right passowrd it show su: incorrect password , i dont know where i am wrong . please help me here. changes i done - /etc/ssh/sshd_confid PermitRootLogin no AllowUsers welcome /etc/sudoers welcome ALL=(ALL) ALL getting error in /var/log/secure unix_chkpwd[666]: password check failed for user (bnroot) su: pam_unix(su:auth): authentication failure; logname=ewalletssh uid=503 euid=500 tty=pts/1 ruser=ewalletssh rhost= user=bnroot please let me know where i am wrong

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• Clients can make maximum only 15 connections to ubuntu custom server

  - by gtan

  I have a custom server in C# being run on Ubuntu 9 under mono. I can make up to 15 silverlight clients connect to the server. When I make the 16th, it just waits. And if I close one of the established connections, the 16th client is able to connect. I am making the connections from one machine. I am also not exceeding any file handle limit. The limit is 1024 and I am having around 300. Any ideas how to make more connections? Also why the number 15? Is it something linux-specific? EDIT: I have run the same server on an Ubuntu 11.10 virtual machine and was able to make more than 15 connections. I presume it's a configuration problem on the Ubuntu 9 machine then. Any help on that?

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• How to route address into VPN network?

  - by ActioN

  I have an internet connection and some site named as svn.mycompany.com. I can access it from my own home computer. But our company have an private VPN, and when I connect to it, I lose access to svn.mycompany.com, but other internet sites is available. When I run nslookup from internet, svn.mycompany.com have one IP, and when run from VPN - other IP. Maybe I need to create route to this address? And if it is, can you help me to write correct command in Ubuntu Linux.

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• Network randomly drops

  - by user147661

  I have a VPS, ubuntu server 12.04 and for unknown reasons the network connection drops and I have to access my vps via the console and ifdown eth0 and ifup eth0. This brings the connection back up from about a few seconds to a few hours. I have run tail -F /var/log/syslog to monitor the log to see what happens at the point of drop and there is nothing unusual. The vps is running under virt-manager and the hardware is set to virtio. I have had linux friends look at my vps and they are unsure of what is the cause.

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• How to remove file permissions from an external hard drive?

  - by user2540416

  My macbook recently died and I am currently trying to figure out how to copy my data. What I did was, I took out the hard drive, put it in an enclosure and plugged it in to my other laptop that runs linux. The problem is, I cannot copy files from the hard drive due to file permissions. I tried to access the hard drive as root. But I still cannot copy files. How do I remove file permissions from the harddrive?

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• Is there a way to edit an existing nautilus (file manager) bookmark?

  - by C.W.Holeman II

  Is there a way to edit an existing nautilus (fie manager) bookmark? Invoke from Linux command line: $ nautilus Activate connection editor: File>Connect To Server...> Complete entries in the pop up: Service Type: [WebDAV (HTTP)] Server: [localhost] Port: [8001] Folder [webdav] Username: [test] [x] Add bookmark Bookmark name: [/dav] <Connect> Then in the left column of the main window the new connection and bookmark exist: Places ------------------- ausername Desktop File System Network WebDAV on localhost Trash -------------------- /dav Right click on "/dav" pop up menu: Open Open in New Tab Open in New Window ------------------ Remove Rename... There is no option for editing.

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• Good free way to clone a hard drive or a partition and send the image over the network (through FTP, Windows file sharing, "anything")?

  - by Deleted

  What I ideally would like is a free software solution which can: Boot from a CD/DVD/USB-stick and Clone a complete hard drive or a partition and Send the resulting image file over the network through Windows file sharing (SMB, I could use SAMBA on my server to receive the image) or through FTP or through SFTP or through SCP It should work with Linux and Windows file-systems (where specific file system support is necessary) Is there anything good out there like this? I know Wikipedia lists a lot of cloning software. But I'm looking for a personal recommendation which you have used yourself, as I find it more credible (I'll see from the upvotes if the answer is liked by a lot of visitors).

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• Is there a keyboard shortcut in Firefox to paste the Unix "primary selection" clipboard, not the Fir

  - by mike

  I run Linux, and am used to selecting text with the mouse to copy and pressing shift-Ins to paste. (This uses an alternate clipboard known as the "Primary Selection".) This seems to work in every app besides Firefox. Firefox uses a different clipboard, where Ctrl-C copies and Ctrl-V pastes. Is there a keystroke or configuration change I can do to make Firefox paste from the Unix "primary selection" clipboard -- the one it pastes from when I click the middle mouse button? Edit: I'm looking for a keyboard shortcut. Not mouse.

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• ubuntu 10.04 span window across workspaces

  - by jakerman999

  I'm using an old server machine as a linux box desktop, and as such I have a lot of power but not a lot of display options. I cannot increase my resolution past 800x600 and recently this has become just to small. I have mostly been able to workaround windows being to large for a workspace by moving them with the alt key, but I would like to use something a little more versatile. My plan is to have a setup where I can open a windows (say firefox) on the top-left workspace and then resize it so that it fills four workspaces in an emulated "wall of monitors" fashion. I already have my workspaces arranged like this, but I am not seeing any options for allowing programs/windows to exist on more than one workspace at a time, I know that what I am trying to accomplish is possible (or was at some point in time) because when I google my solution pages appear with people trying to do the opposite (windows already appear on more than one workspace and they dislike it). Any help is much appreciated.

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• Ubuntu server security; Is this enough?

  - by Camran

  I have a classifieds website, which uses php5 and mysql, and also java (solr). I am new to linux and VPS... I have installed SSH, and I have installed IPtables, and also I have PuTTY which I use as a terminal. Also, Filezilla is installed on my computer, and whenever I connect to my VPS, the "host" field in Filezilla says "Sftp://ip-adress" so I am guessing it is a safe connection. I used this command to find out if I had SSHD installed: whereis sshd and it returned some places where it actually was installed. So I havent actually installed it. Now, my Q is, is this enough? What other security measures should I take? Any good articles about security and how to set it up on a VPS? Remember, I have a windows xp OS on my laptop, but the OS for my VPS is Ubuntu 9.10. Also, I have apache2 installed... Thanks

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