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• Strange output produced by program

  - by Boom_mooB

  I think that my code works. However, it outputs 01111E5, or 17B879DD, or something like that. Can someone please tell me why. I am aware that I set the limit of P instead of 10,001. My code is like that because I start with 3, skipping the prime number 2. #include <iostream> bool prime (int i) { bool result = true; int isitprime = i; for(int j = 2; j < isitprime; j++) ///prime number tester { if(isitprime%j == 0) result = false; } return result; } int main (void) { using namespace std; int PrimeNumbers = 1; int x = 0; for (int i = 3 ; PrimeNumbers <=10000; i++) { if(prime(i)) { int prime = i; PrimeNumbers +=1; } } cout<<prime<<endl; system ("pause"); return 0; }

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• Template Syntax in C++

  - by Crystal

  I don't understand templates really and was trying to run a simple find the minimum for ints, doubles, chars. First question, why is template<typename T> sometimes used, and other times template<>? Second question, I do not know what I am doing wrong with the following code below: #include <iostream> template <typename T> T minimum(T arg1, T arg2) { return arg1 < arg2 ? arg1 : arg2; } template <typename T> // first I tried template <> instd of above, but wasn't sure the difference T minimum<const char *>(const char *arg1, const char *arg2) { return strcmp(arg1, arg2) ? arg2 : arg1; } int main() { std::cout << minimum<int>(4, 2) << '\n'; std::cout << minimum<double>(2.2, -56.7) << '\n'; std::cout << minimum(2.2, 2) << '\n'; } Compile Errors: error C2768: 'minimum' : illegal use of explicit template arguments error C2783: 'T minimum(const char *,const char *)' : could not deduce template argument for 'T' : see declaration of 'minimum' : error C2782: 'T minimum(T,T)' : template parameter 'T' is ambiguous : see declaration of 'minimum' Third, in getting familiar with separating .h and .cpp files, if I wanted this minimum() function to be a static function of my class, but it was the only function in that class, would I have to have a template class as well? I originally tried doing it that way instead of having it all in one file and I got some compile errors as well that I can't remember right now and was unsure how I would do that. Thanks!

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• Assigning a 2D array (of pointers) to a variable in an object for access in C++?

  - by MrMormon

  I'm sorry if I didn't pick a descriptive or concise name. A lot of questions sound similar, but I haven't been able to find what I'm looking for. What I want to do is store a 2D array of pointers somewhere and assign a variable in some object to that array to be able to access it. Here's some example code that has the same compile error I'm getting with a bigger project. #include <iostream> using namespace std; struct X{ float * b[8][8]; X(){ *(b[1][5]) = 1; cout << *(b[1][5]) << endl; } void Set(float * c[8][8]){ b = c; cout << *(b[1][5]) << endl; } }; main(){ float * a[8][8]; *(a[1][5]) = 2; X obj; obj.Set(a); } What I want to happen in this code is that an X object starts with its own 2D array, whose value pointed to by b[1][5] should be printed as "1". Then the main method's 2D array, a, is passed to the object's Set() method and assigned to its array variable. The value pointed to by b[1][5] should then be printed as "2". However, I can't figure out what type the Set() parameter, c, should be. I get error: incompatible types in assignment of ‘float* (*)[8]’ to ‘float* [8][8]’ when I try to compile. As for why I want to do this, I'm trying to use an array of pointers to objects, not floats, but it's the same error.

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• How do I reset my pointer to a specific array location?

  - by ohtanya

  I am a brand new programming student, so please forgive my ignorance. My assignment states: Write a program that declares an array of 10 integers. Write a loop that accepts 10 values from the keyboard and write another loop that displays the 10 values. Do not use any subscripts within the two loops; use pointers only. Here is my code: #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { const int NUM = 10; int values[NUM]; int *p = &values[0]; int x; for(x = 0; x < NUM; ++x, ++p) { cout << "Enter a value: "; cin >> *p; } for(x = 0; x < NUM; ++x, ++p) { cout << *p << " "; } return 0; } I think I know where my problem is. After my first loop, my pointer is at values[10], but I need to get it back to values[0] to display them. How can I do that?

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• hash tables and 2d vectors

  - by Sunil

  I want to push a 2d vector into a hash table row by row and later search for a row (vector) in the hash table and want to be able to find it. I want to do something like #include <iostream> #include <set> #include <vector> using namespace std; int main(){ std::set < vector<int> > myset; vector< vector<int> > v; int k = 0; for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { v.push_back ( vector<int>() ); for ( int j = 0; j < 5; j++ ) v[i].push_back ( k++ ); } for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { std::copy(v[i].begin(),v[i].end(),std::inserter(myset)); // This is not correct but what is the right way ? // and also here, I want to search for a particular vector if it exists in the table. for ex. the second row of vector v. } return 0; } I'm not sure how to insert and look up a vector in a set. So if nybody could guide me, it will be helpful. Thanks

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• I am trying to access the individual bytes in a floating point number and I am getting unexpected results

  - by oweinh

  So I have this so far: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <typeinfo> using namespace std; int main () { float f = 3.45; // just an example fp# char* ptr = (char*)&f; // a character pointer to the first byte of the fp#? cout << int(ptr[0]) << endl; // these lines are just to see if I get what I cout << int(ptr[1]) << endl; // am looking for... I want ints that I can cout << int(ptr[2]) << endl; // otherwise manipulate. cout << int(ptr[3]) << endl; } the result is: -51 -52 92 64 so obviously -51 and -52 are not in the byte range that I would expect for a char... I have taken information from similar questions to arrive at this code and from all discussions, a conversion from char to int is straightforward. So why negative values? I am trying to look at a four-byte number, therefore I would expect 4 integers, each in the range 0-255. I am using Codeblocks 13.12 with gcc 4.8.1 with option -std=C++11 on a Windows 8.1 device.

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• QMetaMethod for regular methods missing?

  - by oleks

  Hi, I'm new in QT, and I'm just testing out the MOC. For a given class: class Counter : public QObject { Q_OBJECT int m_value; public: Counter() {m_value = 0;} ~Counter() {} int value() {return m_value;} public slots: void setValue(int value); signals: void valueChanged(int newValue); }; I want to get a list of all methods in a class, but seem to only be getting a list of signals and slots, although the documentation says it should be all methods? Here's my code: #include <QCoreApplication> #include <QObject> #include <QMetaMethod> #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QCoreApplication app(argc, argv); const QMetaObject cntmo = Counter::staticMetaObject; for(int i = 0; i != cntmo.methodCount(); ++i) { QMetaMethod qmm(cntmo.method(i)); cout << qmm.signature() << endl; } return app.exec(); } Please beware this is my best c/p, perhaps I forgot to include some headers. My output: destroyed(QObject*) destroyed() deleteLater() _q_reregisterTimers(void*) valueChanged(int) setValue(int) Does anyone know why this is happening? Does qt not recognise int value() {return m_value;} as a valid method? If so, is there a macro I've forgotten or something like that? P.S. I'm using 4.6.2

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• Returning a dynamically created array from function

  - by informer2000

  I'm trying to create a function that would dynamically allocate an array, sets the values of the elements, and returns the size of the array. The array variable is a pointer that is declared outside the function and passed as a parameter. Here is the code: #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> using namespace std; int doArray(int *arr) { int sz = 10; arr = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * sz); for (int i=0; i<sz; i++) { arr[i] = i * 5; } return sz; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int *arr = NULL; int size = doArray(arr); for (int i=0; i<size; i++) { cout << arr[i] << endl; } return 0; } For some reason, the program terminates on the first iteration of the for loop in main()! Am I doing something wrong?

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• Unit Conversion from feet to meters

  - by user1742419

  I have to write a program that reads in a length in feet and inches and outputs the equivalent length in meters and centimeters. I have to create three functions: one for input, one or more for calculating, and one for output; And include a loop that lets the user repeat this computation for new input values until the user says he or she wants to end the program. I can't seem to get the input from one function to be used in the conversion function and then outputted by the next function. How do I do that? Thank you. #include <iostream> #include <conio.h> using namespace std; double leng; void length(double leng); double conv(double leng); void output(double leng); int main() { length(leng); conv(leng); output(leng); _getche(); return 0; } void length(double leng) { cout<<"Enter a length in feet, then enter a length in inches if needed: "; cin>>leng; return; } double conv(double leng) { return leng = leng * .3048; } void output(double leng) { cout<<"Your input is converted to "<<leng; return; }

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• Virtual functions - base class pointer

  - by user980411

  I understood why a base class pointer is made to point to a derived class object. But, I fail to understand why we need to assign to it, a base class object, when it is a base class object by itself. Can anyone please explain that? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class base { public: virtual void vfunc() { cout << "This is base's vfunc().\n"; } }; class derived1 : public base { public: void vfunc() { cout << "This is derived1's vfunc().\n"; } }; int main() { base *p, b; derived1 d1; // point to base p = &b; p->vfunc(); // access base's vfunc() // point to derived1 p = &d1; p->vfunc(); // access derived1's vfunc() return 0; }

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• Is there any way to output the actual array in c++

  - by user2511129

  So, I'm beginning C++, with a semi-adequate background of python. In python, you make a list/array like this: x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] Then, to print the list, with the square brackets included, all you do is: print x That would display this: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] How would I do the exact same thing in c++, print the brackets and the elements, in an elegant/clean fashion? NOTE I don't want just the elements of the array, I want the whole array, like this: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} When I use this code to try to print the array, this happens: input: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int anArray[9] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; cout << anArray << endl; } The output is where in memory the array is stored in (I think this is so, correct me if I'm wrong): 0x28fedc As a sidenote, I don't know how to create an array with many different data types, such as integers, strings, and so on, so if someone can enlighten me, that'd be great! Thanks for answering my painstakingly obvious/noobish questions!

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• 'area' not declared in this scope

  - by user1641173

  I've just started learning c++ and am trying to write a program for finding the area of a circle. I've written the program and whenever I try to compile it I get 2 error messages. The first is: areaofcircle.cpp:9:14: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant and the second is: areaofcircle.cpp:18:5: error: 'area' was not declared in this scope What should I do? I would post a picture, but I'm a new user, so I can't. #include <iostream> using namespace std; #define pi 3.1415926535897932384626433832795 int main() { // Create three float variable values: r, pi, area float r, pi, area; cout << "This program computes the area of a circle." << endl; // Prompt user to enter the radius of the circle, read input value into variable r cout << "Enter the radius of the circle " << endl; cin >> r; // Square r and then multiply by pi area = r * r * pi; cout << "The area is " << area << "." << endl; }

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• Comparing C++ input with array values

  - by Security_Gate

  Hey everyone, Over the last couple months I've still been slowly but surely trudging through C++, and I've run into a snag that I've been meaning to figure out. I've tried asking/reading/searching, but I could never find an appropriate answer. Maybe it is simply because the question is sort of difficult to ask. What I'm trying to do is at the end of my program, have the end sequence compare the input value with values within an Array. Do I have to loop a comparison sequence? Is there an easier way around this? #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main () { string YesAnswers[5] = {"Y", "YES", "yes" "y"}; string Name; string YN; do { cout << "Enter your name: "; getline(cin, Name); cout << "Your name is "<< Name; cout <<"\nIs this correct? Y\N: "; cin >> YN; } while(YN == YesAnswers); system("Pause"); return 0; }

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• static_cast from Derived* to void* to Base*

  - by Roberto

  I would like to cast a pointer to a member of a derived class to void* and from there to a pointer of the base class, like in the example below: #include <iostream> class Base { public: void function1(){std::cout<<"1"<<std::endl;} virtual void function2()=0; }; class Derived : public Base { public: virtual void function2(){std::cout<<"2"<<std::endl;} }; int main() { Derived d; void ptr* = static_cast<void*>(&d); Base* baseptr=static_cast<Base*>(ptr); baseptr->function1(); baseptr->function2(); } This compiles and gives the desired result (prints 1 and 2 respectively), but is it guaranteed to work? The description of static_cast I found here: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/static_cast only mentions conversion to void* and back to a pointer to the same class (point 10).

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• Why can't my vector access the variables in my nested structs?

  - by chucknorris

  #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include<string> #include<list> using namespace std; struct record{ int id; string fName; }; struct cells{ list<record> rec; }; vector<cells> hp; int main() { **hp.front().rec.front().fName = "jon"; return 0; } I have 2 structs. The first struct, struct record, is composed of 2 regular variables. In struct 2, I have a linked list of type "record", which includes all the variable listed in struct 1. Why is it that when ever I attempt to access a variable in the structs, using my vector, I get the error "linked list iterator not dereferencable?"

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• replacing space with %20

  - by Codenotguru

  The following program replaces all spaces with %20.the compilation works fine but the program terminates during the runtime.Any help??? #include<iostream> #include<string> using namespace std; void removeSpaces(string url){ int len=url.length(); int i,count=0; while(i<=len){ if(url[i]==' ') count++; i++; } int length2=len+(count*2); string newarr[length2]; for(int j=len-1;j>=0;j--){ if(url[j]==' ') { newarr[length2-1]='0'; newarr[length2-2]='2'; newarr[length2-3]='%'; length2=length2-3; } else { newarr[length2-1]=url[j]; length2=length2-1; } } cout<<"\nThe number of spaces in the url is:"<<count; cout<<"\nThe replaced url is:"<<newarr; } int main(){ string url="http://www.ya h o o.com/"; removeSpaces(url); }

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• Confused Why I am getting C1010 error?

  - by bluepixel

  I have three files: Main, slist.h and slist.cpp can be seen at http://forums.devarticles.com/c-c-help-52/confused-why-i-am-getting-c2143-and-c1010-error-259574.html I'm trying to make a program where main reads the list of student names from a file (roster.txt) and inserts all the names in a list in ascending order. This is the full class roster list (notCheckedIN). From here I will read all students who have come to write the exams, each checkin will transfer their name to another list (in ascending order) called present. The final product is notCheckedIN will contain a list of all those students that did not write the exam and present will contain the list of all students who wrote the exam Main File: // Exam.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. #include "stdafx.h" #include "iostream" #include "iomanip" #include "fstream" #include "string" #include "slist.h" using namespace std; void OpenFile(ifstream&); void GetClassRoster(SortList&, ifstream&); void InputStuName(SortList&, SortList&); void UpdateList(SortList&, SortList&, string); void Print(SortList&, SortList&); const string END_DATA = "EndData"; int main() { ifstream roster; SortList notCheckedIn; //students present SortList present; //student absent OpenFile(roster); if(!roster) //Make sure file is opened return 1; GetClassRoster(notCheckedIn, roster); //insert the roster list into the notCheckedIn list InputStuName(present, notCheckedIn); Print(present, notCheckedIn); return 0; } void OpenFile(ifstream& roster) //Precondition: roster is pointing to file containing student anmes //Postcondition:IF file does not exist -> exit { string fileName = "roster.txt"; roster.open(fileName.c_str()); if(!roster) cout << "***ERROR CANNOT OPEN FILE :"<< fileName << "***" << endl; } void GetClassRoster(SortList& notCheckedIN, ifstream& roster) //Precondition:roster points to file containing list of student last name // && notCheckedIN is empty //Postcondition:notCheckedIN is filled with the names taken from roster.txt in ascending order { string name; roster >> name; while(roster) { notCheckedIN.Insert(name); roster >> name; } } void InputStuName(SortList& present, SortList& notCheckedIN) //Precondition: present list is empty initially and notCheckedIN list is full //Postcondition: repeated prompting to enter stuName // && notCheckedIN will delete all names found in present // && present will contain names present // && names not found in notCheckedIN will report Error { string stuName; cout << "Enter last name (Enter EndData if none to Enter): "; cin >> stuName; while(stuName!=END_DATA) { UpdateList(present, notCheckedIN, stuName); } } void UpdateList(SortList& present, SortList& notCheckedIN, string stuName) //Precondition:stuName is assigned //Postcondition:IF stuName is present, stuName is inserted in present list // && stuName is removed from the notCheckedIN list // ELSE stuName does not exist { if(notCheckedIN.isPresent(stuName)) { present.Insert(stuName); notCheckedIN.Delete(stuName); } else cout << "NAME IS NOT PRESENT" << endl; } void Print(SortList& present, SortList& notCheckedIN) //Precondition: present and notCheckedIN contains a list of student Names present/not present //Postcondition: content of present and notCheckedIN is printed { cout << "Candidates Present" << endl; present.Print(); cout << "Candidates Absent" << endl; notCheckedIN.Print(); } Header File: //Specification File: slist.h //This file gives the specifications of a list abstract data type //List items inserted will be in order //Class SortList, structured type used to represent an ADT using namespace std; const int MAX_LENGTH = 200; typedef string ItemType; //Class Object (class instance) SortList. Variable of class type. class SortList { //Class Member - components of a class, can be either data or functions public: //Constructor //Post-condition: Empty list is created SortList(); //Const member function. Compiler error occurs if any statement within tries to modify a private data bool isEmpty() const; //Post-condition: == true if list is empty // == false if list is not empty bool isFull() const; //Post-condition: == true if list is full // == false if list is full int Length() const; //Post-condition: size of list void Insert(ItemType item); //Precondition: NOT isFull() && item is assigned //Postcondition: item is in list && Length() = Length()@entry + 1 void Delete(ItemType item); //Precondition: NOT isEmpty() && item is assigned //Postcondition: // IF items is in list at entry // first occurance of item in list is removed // && Length() = Length()@entry -1; // ELSE // list is not changed bool isPresent(ItemType item) const; //Precondition: item is assigned //Postcondition: == true if item is present in list // == false if item is not present in list void Print() const; //Postcondition: All component of list have been output private: int length; ItemType data[MAX_LENGTH]; void BinSearch(ItemType, bool&, int&) const; }; Source File: //Implementation File: slist.cpp //This file gives the specifications of a list abstract data type //List items inserted will be in order //Class SortList, structured type used to represent an ADT #include "iostream" #include "slist.h" using namespace std; // int length; // ItemType data[MAX_SIZE]; //Class Object (class instance) SortList. Variable of class type. SortList::SortList() //Constructor //Post-condition: Empty list is created { length=0; } //Const member function. Compiler error occurs if any statement within tries to modify a private data bool SortList::isEmpty() const //Post-condition: == true if list is empty // == false if list is not empty { return(length==0); } bool SortList::isFull() const //Post-condition: == true if list is full // == false if list is full { return (length==(MAX_LENGTH-1)); } int SortList::Length() const //Post-condition: size of list { return length; } void SortList::Insert(ItemType item) //Precondition: NOT isFull() && item is assigned //Postcondition: item is in list && Length() = Length()@entry + 1 // && list componenet are in ascending order of value { int index; index = length -1; while(index >=0 && item<data[index]) { data[index+1]=data[index]; index--; } data[index+1]=item; length++; } void SortList:elete(ItemType item) //Precondition: NOT isEmpty() && item is assigned //Postcondition: // IF items is in list at entry // first occurance of item in list is removed // && Length() = Length()@entry -1; // && list components are in ascending order // ELSE data array is unchanged { bool found; int position; BinSearch(item,found,position); if (found) { for(int index = position; index < length; index++) data[index]=data[index+1]; length--; } } bool SortList::isPresent(ItemType item) const //Precondition: item is assigned && length <= MAX_LENGTH && items are in ascending order //Postcondition: true if item is found in the list // false if item is not found in the list { bool found; int position; BinSearch(item,found,position); return (found); } void SortList::Print() const //Postcondition: All component of list have been output { for(int x= 0; x<length; x++) cout << data[x] << endl; } void SortList::BinSearch(ItemType item, bool found, int position) const //Precondition: item contains item to be found // && item in the list is an ascending order //Postcondition: IF item is in list, position is returned // ELSE item does not exist in the list { int first = 0; int last = length -1; int middle; found = false; while(!found) { middle = (first+last)/2; if(data[middle]<item) first = middle+1; else if (data[middle] > item) last = middle -1; else found = true; } if(found) position = middle; } I cannot get rid of the C1010 error: fatal error C1010: unexpected end of file while looking for precompiled header. Did you forget to add '#include "stdafx.h"' to your source? Is there a way to get rid of this error? When I included "stdafx.h" I received the following 32 errors (which does not make sense to me why because I referred back to my manual on how to use Class method - everything looks a.ok.) Error 1 error C2871: 'std' : a namespace with this name does not exist c:\..\slist.h 6 Error 2 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'ItemType' c:\..\slist.h 8 Error 3 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\..\slist.h 8 Error 4 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\..\slist.h 8 Error 5 error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'ItemType' c:\..\slist.h 30 Error 6 error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'ItemType' c:\..\slist.h 34 Error 7 error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'ItemType' c:\..\slist.h 43 Error 8 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'data' c:\..\slist.h 52 Error 9 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\..\slist.h 52 Error 10 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\..\slist.h 52 Error 11 error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'ItemType' c:\..\slist.h 53 Error 12 error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'item' c:\..\slist.cpp 41 Error 13 error C2761: 'void SortList::Insert(void)' : member function redeclaration not allowed c:\..\slist.cpp 41 Error 14 error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\..\slist.cpp 41 Error 15 error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{' c:\..\slist.cpp 45 Error 16 error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?) c:\..\slist.cpp 45 Error 17 error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'item' c:\..\slist.cpp 57 Error 18 error C2761: 'void SortList:elete(void)' : member function redeclaration not allowed c:\..\slist.cpp 57 Error 19 error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\..\slist.cpp 57 Error 20 error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{' c:\..\slist.cpp 65 Error 21 error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?) c:\..\slist.cpp 65 Error 22 error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'item' c:\..\slist.cpp 79 Error 23 error C2761: 'bool SortList::isPresent(void) const' : member function redeclaration not allowed c:\..\slist.cpp 79 Error 24 error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\..\slist.cpp 79 Error 25 error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{' c:\..\slist.cpp 83 Error 26 error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?) c:\..\slist.cpp 83 Error 27 error C2065: 'data' : undeclared identifier c:\..\slist.cpp 95 Error 28 error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'item' c:\..\slist.cpp 98 Error 29 error C2761: 'void SortList::BinSearch(void) const' : member function redeclaration not allowed c:\..\slist.cpp 98 Error 30 error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\..\slist.cpp 98 Error 31 error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{' c:\..\slist.cpp 103 Error 32 error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?) c:\..\slist.cpp 103

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• file doesn't open, running outside of debugger results in seg fault (c++)

  - by misterich

  Hello (and thanks in advance) I'm in a bit of a quandry, I cant seem to figure out why I'm seg faulting. A couple of notes: It's for a course -- and sadly I am required to use use C-strings instead of std::string. Please dont fix my code (I wont learn that way and I will keep bugging you). please just point out the flaws in my logic and suggest a different function/way. platform: gcc version 4.4.1 on Suse Linux 11.2 (2.6.31 kernel) Here's the code main.cpp: // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // INCLUDES (C/C++ Std Library) #include <cstdlib> /// EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE #include <iostream> /// cin, cout, ifstream #include <cassert> /// assert // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // DEPENDENCIES (custom header files) #include "dict.h" /// Header for the dictionary class // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRE-PROCESSOR CONSTANTS #define ENTER '\n' /// Used to accept new lines, quit program. #define SPACE ' ' /// One way to end the program // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // CUSTOM DATA TYPES /// File Namespace -- keep it local namespace { /// Possible program prompts to display for the user. enum FNS_Prompts { fileName_, /// prints out the name of the file noFile_, /// no file was passed to the program tooMany_, /// more than one file was passed to the program noMemory_, /// Not enough memory to use the program usage_, /// how to use the program word_, /// ask the user to define a word. notFound_, /// the word is not in the dictionary done_, /// the program is closing normally }; } // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Namespace using namespace std; /// Nothing special in the way of namespaces // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // FUNCTIONS /** prompt() prompts the user to do something, uses enum Prompts for parameter. */ void prompt(FNS_Prompts msg /** determines the prompt to use*/) { switch(msg) { case fileName_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "The file name is: "; break; } case noFile_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "...Sorry, a dictionary file is needed. Try again." << endl; break; } case tooMany_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "...Sorry, you can only specify one dictionary file. Try again." << endl; break; } case noMemory_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "...Sorry, there isn't enough memory available to run this program." << endl; break; } case usage_ : { cout << "USAGE:" << endl << " lookup.exe [dictionary file name]" << endl << endl; break; } case done_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "like Master P says, \"Word.\"" << ENTER << endl; break; } case word_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "Enter a word in the dictionary to get it's definition." << ENTER << "Enter \"?\" to get a sorted list of all words in the dictionary." << ENTER << "... Press the Enter key to quit the program: "; break; } case notFound_ : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "...Sorry, that word is not in the dictionary." << endl; break; } default : { cout << ENTER << ENTER << "something passed an invalid enum to prompt(). " << endl; assert(false); /// something passed in an invalid enum } } } /** useDictionary() uses the dictionary created by createDictionary * - prompts user to lookup a word * - ends when the user enters an empty word */ void useDictionary(Dictionary &d) { char *userEntry = new char; /// user's input on the command line if( !userEntry ) // check the pointer to the heap { cout << ENTER << MEM_ERR_MSG << endl; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } do { prompt(word_); // test code cout << endl << "----------------------------------------" << endl << "Enter something: "; cin.getline(userEntry, INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN, ENTER); cout << ENTER << userEntry << endl; }while ( userEntry[0] != NIL && userEntry[0] != SPACE ); // GARBAGE COLLECTION delete[] userEntry; } /** Program Entry * Reads in the required, single file from the command prompt. * - If there is no file, state such and error out. * - If there is more than one file, state such and error out. * - If there is a single file: * - Create the database object * - Populate the database object * - Prompt the user for entry * main() will return EXIT_SUCCESS upon termination. */ int main(int argc, /// the number of files being passed into the program char *argv[] /// pointer to the filename being passed into tthe program ) { // EXECUTE /* Testing code * / char tempFile[INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN] = {NIL}; cout << "enter filename: "; cin.getline(tempFile, INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN, '\n'); */ // uncomment after successful debugging if(argc <= 1) { prompt(noFile_); prompt(usage_); return EXIT_FAILURE; /// no file was passed to the program } else if(argc > 2) { prompt(tooMany_); prompt(usage_); return EXIT_FAILURE; /// more than one file was passed to the program } else { prompt(fileName_); cout << argv[1]; // print out name of dictionary file if( !argv[1] ) { prompt(noFile_); prompt(usage_); return EXIT_FAILURE; /// file does not exist } /* file.open( argv[1] ); // open file numEntries >> in.getline(file); // determine number of dictionary objects to create file.close(); // close file Dictionary[ numEntries ](argv[1]); // create the dictionary object */ // TEMPORARY FILE FOR TESTING!!!! //Dictionary scrabble(tempFile); Dictionary scrabble(argv[1]); // creaate the dicitonary object //*/ useDictionary(scrabble); // prompt the user, use the dictionary } // exit return EXIT_SUCCESS; /// terminate program. } Dict.h/.cpp #ifndef DICT_H #define DICT_H // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // DEPENDENCIES (Custom header files) #include "entry.h" /// class for dictionary entries // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRE-PROCESSOR MACROS #define INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN 256 /// Maximum length of each line in the dictionary file class Dictionary { public : // // Do NOT modify the public section of this class // typedef void (*WordDefFunc)(const char *word, const char *definition); Dictionary( const char *filename ); ~Dictionary(); const char *lookupDefinition( const char *word ); void forEach( WordDefFunc func ); private : // // You get to provide the private members // // VARIABLES int m_numEntries; /// stores the number of entries in the dictionary Entry *m_DictEntry_ptr; /// points to an array of class Entry // Private Functions }; #endif ----------------------------------- // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // INCLUDES (C/C++ Std Library) #include <iostream> /// cout, getline #include <fstream> // ifstream #include <cstring> /// strchr // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // DEPENDENCIES (custom header files) #include "dict.h" /// Header file required by assignment //#include "entry.h" /// Dicitonary Entry Class // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRE-PROCESSOR MACROS #define COMMA ',' /// Delimiter for file #define ENTER '\n' /// Carriage return character #define FILE_ERR_MSG "The data file could not be opened. Program will now terminate." #pragma warning(disable : 4996) /// turn off MS compiler warning about strcpy() // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Namespace reference using namespace std; // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRIVATE MEMBER FUNCTIONS /** * Sorts the dictionary entries. */ /* static void sortDictionary(?) { // sort through the words using qsort } */ /** NO LONGER NEEDED?? * parses out the length of the first cell in a delimited cell * / int getWordLength(char *str /// string of data to parse ) { return strcspn(str, COMMA); } */ // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PUBLIC MEMBER FUNCTIONS /** constructor for the class * - opens/reads in file * - creates initializes the array of member vars * - creates pointers to entry objects * - stores pointers to entry objects in member var * - ? sort now or later? */ Dictionary::Dictionary( const char *filename ) { // Create a filestream, open the file to be read in ifstream dataFile(filename, ios::in ); /* if( dataFile.fail() ) { cout << FILE_ERR_MSG << endl; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } */ if( dataFile.is_open() ) { // read first line of data // TEST CODE in.getline(dataFile, INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN) >> m_numEntries; // TEST CODE char temp[INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN] = {NIL}; // TEST CODE dataFile.getline(temp,INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN,'\n'); dataFile >> m_numEntries; /** Number of terms in the dictionary file * \todo find out how many lines in the file, subtract one, ingore first line */ //create the array of entries m_DictEntry_ptr = new Entry[m_numEntries]; // check for valid memory allocation if( !m_DictEntry_ptr ) { cout << MEM_ERR_MSG << endl; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } // loop thru each line of the file, parsing words/def's and populating entry objects for(int EntryIdx = 0; EntryIdx < m_numEntries; ++EntryIdx) { // VARIABLES char *tempW_ptr; /// points to a temporary word char *tempD_ptr; /// points to a temporary def char *w_ptr; /// points to the word in the Entry object char *d_ptr; /// points to the definition in the Entry int tempWLen; /// length of the temp word string int tempDLen; /// length of the temp def string char tempLine[INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN] = {NIL}; /// stores a single line from the file // EXECUTE // getline(dataFile, tempLine) // get a "word,def" line from the file dataFile.getline(tempLine, INPUT_LINE_MAX_LEN); // get a "word,def" line from the file // Parse the string tempW_ptr = tempLine; // point the temp word pointer at the first char in the line tempD_ptr = strchr(tempLine, COMMA); // point the def pointer at the comma *tempD_ptr = NIL; // replace the comma with a NIL ++tempD_ptr; // increment the temp def pointer // find the string lengths... +1 to account for terminator tempWLen = strlen(tempW_ptr) + 1; tempDLen = strlen(tempD_ptr) + 1; // Allocate heap memory for the term and defnition w_ptr = new char[ tempWLen ]; d_ptr = new char[ tempDLen ]; // check memory allocation if( !w_ptr && !d_ptr ) { cout << MEM_ERR_MSG << endl; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } // copy the temp word, def into the newly allocated memory and terminate the strings strcpy(w_ptr,tempW_ptr); w_ptr[tempWLen] = NIL; strcpy(d_ptr,tempD_ptr); d_ptr[tempDLen] = NIL; // set the pointers for the entry objects m_DictEntry_ptr[ EntryIdx ].setWordPtr(w_ptr); m_DictEntry_ptr[ EntryIdx ].setDefPtr(d_ptr); } // close the file dataFile.close(); } else { cout << ENTER << FILE_ERR_MSG << endl; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } /** * cleans up dynamic memory */ Dictionary::~Dictionary() { delete[] m_DictEntry_ptr; /// thou shalt not have memory leaks. } /** * Looks up definition */ /* const char *lookupDefinition( const char *word ) { // print out the word ---- definition } */ /** * prints out the entire dictionary in sorted order */ /* void forEach( WordDefFunc func ) { // to sort before or now.... that is the question } */ Entry.h/cpp #ifndef ENTRY_H #define ENTRY_H // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // INCLUDES (C++ Std lib) #include <cstdlib> /// EXIT_SUCCESS, NULL // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PRE-PROCESSOR MACROS #define NIL '\0' /// C-String terminator #define MEM_ERR_MSG "Memory allocation has failed. Program will now terminate." // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // CLASS DEFINITION class Entry { public: Entry(void) : m_word_ptr(NULL), m_def_ptr(NULL) { /* default constructor */ }; void setWordPtr(char *w_ptr); /// sets the pointer to the word - only if the pointer is empty void setDefPtr(char *d_ptr); /// sets the ponter to the definition - only if the pointer is empty /// returns what is pointed to by the word pointer char getWord(void) const { return *m_word_ptr; } /// returns what is pointed to by the definition pointer char getDef(void) const { return *m_def_ptr; } private: char *m_word_ptr; /** points to a dictionary word */ char *m_def_ptr; /** points to a dictionary definition */ }; #endif -------------------------------------------------- // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // DEPENDENCIES (custom header files) #include "entry.h" /// class header file // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PUBLIC FUNCTIONS /* * only change the word member var if it is in its initial state */ void Entry::setWordPtr(char *w_ptr) { if(m_word_ptr == NULL) { m_word_ptr = w_ptr; } } /* * only change the def member var if it is in its initial state */ void Entry::setDefPtr(char *d_ptr) { if(m_def_ptr == NULL) { m_word_ptr = d_ptr; } }

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• How do I resolve this exercise on C++? [closed]

  - by user40630

  (Card Shuffling and Dealing) Create a program to shuffle and deal a deck of cards. The program should consist of class Card, class DeckOfCards and a driver program. Class Card should provide: a) Data members face and suit of type int. b) A constructor that receives two ints representing the face and suit and uses them to initialize the data members. c) Two static arrays of strings representing the faces and suits. d) A toString function that returns the Card as a string in the form “face of suit.” You can use the + operator to concatenate strings. Class DeckOfCards should contain: a) A vector of Cards named deck to store the Cards. b) An integer currentCard representing the next card to deal. c) A default constructor that initializes the Cards in the deck. The constructor should use vector function push_back to add each Card to the end of the vector after the Card is created and initialized. This should be done for each of the 52 Cards in the deck. d) A shuffle function that shuffles the Cards in the deck. The shuffle algorithm should iterate through the vector of Cards. For each Card, randomly select another Card in the deck and swap the two Cards. e) A dealCard function that returns the next Card object from the deck. f) A moreCards function that returns a bool value indicating whether there are more Cards to deal. The driver program should create a DeckOfCards object, shuffle the cards, then deal the 52 cards. This above is the exercise I'm trying to solve. I'd be very much appreciated if someone could solve it and explain it to me. The main idea of the program is quite simple. What I don't get is how to build the constructor for the class DeckOfCards and how to generate the 52 cards of the deck with different suits and faces. Untill now I've managed to do this: #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; /* * */ /* a) Data members face and suit of type int. b) A constructor that receives two ints representing the face and suit and uses them to initialize the data members. c) Two static arrays of strings representing the faces and suits. d) A toString function that returns the Card as a string in the form “face of suit.” You can use the + operator to concatenate strings. */ class Card { public: Card(int, int); string toString(); private: int suit, face; static string faceNames[13]; static string suitNames[4]; }; string Card::faceNames[13] = {"Ace","Two","Three","Four","Five","Six","Seven","Eight","Nine","Ten","Queen","Jack","King"}; string Card::suitNames[4] = {"Diamonds","Clubs","Hearts","Spades"}; string Card::toString() { return faceNames[face]+" of "+suitNames[suit]; } Card::Card(int f, int s) :face(f), suit(s) { } /* Class DeckOfCards should contain: a) A vector of Cards named deck to store the Cards. b) An integer currentCard representing the next card to deal. c) A default constructor that initializes the Cards in the deck. The constructor should use vector function push_back to add each Card to the end of the vector after the Card is created and initialized. This should be done for each of the 52 Cards in the deck. d) A shuffle function that shuffles the Cards in the deck. The shuffle algorithm should iterate through the vector of Cards. For each Card, randomly select another Card in the deck and swap the two Cards. e) A dealCard function that returns the next Card object from the deck. f) A moreCards function that returns a bool value indicating whether there are more Cards to deal. */ class DeckOfCards { public: DeckOfCards(); void shuffleCards(); Card dealCard(); bool moreCards(); private: vector<Card> deck(52); int currentCard; }; int main(int argc, char** argv) { return 0; } DeckOfCards::DeckOfCards() { //I'm stuck here I have no idea of what to take out of here. //I still don't fully get the idea of class inside class and that's turning out as a problem. I try to find a way to set the suits and faces members of the class Card but I can't figure out how. for(int i=0; i<deck.size(); i++) { deck[i]//....There is no function to set them. They must be set when initialized. But how?? } } For easier reading: http://pastebin.com/pJeXMH0f

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• Undeclared Scope in Rock Paper Scissors Simple Game

  - by Rianelle

  #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> using namespace std; bool win; int winnings; int draws; int loses; string comChoice; string playerChoice; void winGame () { cout << "You won! Play again?" <<endl; cout << "Type y/n" <<endl; char x; cin >> x; if (x == 'y') { beginGame(); } else if ('n'){ cout << "Game Stopped." <<endl; cout << "Number of Draws: " <<draws << endl; cout << "Number of Loses: " <<loses << endl; cout << "Number of Wins: " << winnings << endl; win = true; } } void drawGame (){ ++draws; cout << "Draw! Try again" << endl; return; } void lose () { cout << "You lose! Try again?" <<endl; cout << "Type y/n" <<endl; char feedback; cin >> feedback; if (feedback == 'y') { beginGame(); } else if ('n'){ cout << "Game Stopped." <<endl; cout << "Number of Draws: " <<draws << endl; cout << "Number of Loses: " <<loses << endl; cout << "Number of Wins: " << winnings << endl; } } void beginGame() { cout << "Welcome to the Rock, Paper and Scissors Game!" <<endl; cout << "Let's begin. Type <rock, paper, scissors> for your choice!" <<endl; cin >> playerChoice; srand(time(0)); int randomizer = 1+(rand()%3); if (randomizer == 1) comChoice = "rock"; if (randomizer == 2) comChoice = "paper"; if (randomizer == 3) comChoice = "scissors"; do { if (playerChoice == comChoice) { drawGame(); } if (playerChoice == "rock" && comChoice == "paper") ++loses; lose(); if (playerChoice == "rock" && comChoice == "scissors") ++winnings; winGame(); if (playerChoice == "paper" && comChoice == "rock") ++winnings; winGame(); if (playerChoice == "paper" && comChoice == "scissors") ++loses; lose(); if (playerChoice == "scissors" && comChoice == "rock") ++loses; lose(); if (playerChoice == "scissors" && comChoice == "paper") ++winnings; winGame(); }while (win != true); } int main () { beginGame(); return 0; }

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• Adjusting server-side tickrate dynamically

  - by Stuart Blackler

  I know nothing of game development/this site, so I apologise if this is completely foobar. Today I experimented with building a small game loop for a network game (think MW3, CSGO etc). I was wondering why they do not build in automatic rate adjustment based on server performance? Would it affect the client that much if the client knew this frame is based on this tickrate? Has anyone attempted this before? Here is what my noobish C++ brain came up with earlier. It will improve the tickrate if it has been stable for x ticks. If it "lags", the tickrate will be reduced down by y amount: // GameEngine.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #ifdef WIN32 #include <Windows.h> #else #include <sys/time.h> #include <ctime> #endif #include<iostream> #include <dos.h> #include "stdafx.h" using namespace std; UINT64 GetTimeInMs() { #ifdef WIN32 /* Windows */ FILETIME ft; LARGE_INTEGER li; /* Get the amount of 100 nano seconds intervals elapsed since January 1, 1601 (UTC) and copy it * to a LARGE_INTEGER structure. */ GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft); li.LowPart = ft.dwLowDateTime; li.HighPart = ft.dwHighDateTime; UINT64 ret = li.QuadPart; ret -= 116444736000000000LL; /* Convert from file time to UNIX epoch time. */ ret /= 10000; /* From 100 nano seconds (10^-7) to 1 millisecond (10^-3) intervals */ return ret; #else /* Linux */ struct timeval tv; gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); uint64 ret = tv.tv_usec; /* Convert from micro seconds (10^-6) to milliseconds (10^-3) */ ret /= 1000; /* Adds the seconds (10^0) after converting them to milliseconds (10^-3) */ ret += (tv.tv_sec * 1000); return ret; #endif } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { int sv_tickrate_max = 1000; // The maximum amount of ticks per second int sv_tickrate_min = 100; // The minimum amount of ticks per second int sv_tickrate_adjust = 10; // How much to de/increment the tickrate by int sv_tickrate_stable_before_increment = 1000; // How many stable ticks before we increase the tickrate again int sys_tickrate_current = sv_tickrate_max; // Always start at the highest possible tickrate for the best performance int counter_stable_ticks = 0; // How many ticks we have not lagged for UINT64 __startTime = GetTimeInMs(); int ticks = 100000; while(ticks > 0) { int maxTimeInMs = 1000 / sys_tickrate_current; UINT64 _startTime = GetTimeInMs(); // Long code here... cout << "."; UINT64 _timeTaken = GetTimeInMs() - _startTime; if(_timeTaken < maxTimeInMs) { Sleep(maxTimeInMs - _timeTaken); counter_stable_ticks++; if(counter_stable_ticks >= sv_tickrate_stable_before_increment) { // reset the stable # ticks counter counter_stable_ticks = 0; // make sure that we don't go over the maximum tickrate if(sys_tickrate_current + sv_tickrate_adjust <= sv_tickrate_max) { sys_tickrate_current += sv_tickrate_adjust; // let me know in console #DEBUG cout << endl << "Improving tickrate. New tickrate: " << sys_tickrate_current << endl; } } } else if(_timeTaken > maxTimeInMs) { cout << endl; if((sys_tickrate_current - sv_tickrate_adjust) > sv_tickrate_min) { sys_tickrate_current -= sv_tickrate_adjust; } else { if(sys_tickrate_current == sv_tickrate_min) { cout << "Please reduce sv_tickrate_min..." << endl; } else{ sys_tickrate_current = sv_tickrate_min; } } // let me know in console #DEBUG cout << "The server has lag. Reduced tickrate to: " << sys_tickrate_current << endl; } ticks--; } UINT64 __timeTaken = GetTimeInMs() - __startTime; cout << endl << endl << "Total time in ms: " << __timeTaken; cout << endl << "Ending tickrate: " << sys_tickrate_current; char test; cin >> test; return 0; }

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• k-d tree implementation [closed]

  - by user466441

  when i run my code and debugged,i got this error - this 0x00093584 {_Myproxy=0x00000000 _Mynextiter=0x00000000 } std::_Iterator_base12 * const - _Myproxy 0x00000000 {_Mycont=??? _Myfirstiter=??? } std::_Container_proxy * _Mycont CXX0017: Error: symbol "" not found _Myfirstiter CXX0030: Error: expression cannot be evaluated + _Mynextiter 0x00000000 {_Myproxy=??? _Mynextiter=??? } std::_Iterator_base12 * but i dont know what does it means,code is this #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; struct point { float x,y; }; vector<point>pointleft(4); vector<point>pointright(4); //we are going to implement two comparison function for x and y coordinates,we need it in calculation of median (we should sort vector //by x or y according to depth informaton,is depth even or odd. bool sortby_X(point &a,point &b) { return a.x<b.x; } bool sortby_Y(point &a,point &b) { return a.y<b.y; } //so i am going to implement to median finding algorithm,one for finding median by x and another find median by y point medianx(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_X); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } point mediany(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_Y); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } //now construct basic tree structure struct Tree { float x,y; Tree(point a) { x=a.x; y=a.y; } Tree *left; Tree *right; }; Tree * build_kd( Tree *root,vector<point>points,int depth) { point temp; if(points.size()==1)// that point is as a leaf { if(root==NULL) root=new Tree(points[0]); return root; } if(depth%2==0) { temp=medianx(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if (points[i].x<temp.x) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } else { temp=mediany(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if(points[i].y<temp.y) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } return build_kd(root->left,pointleft,depth+1); return build_kd(root->right,pointright,depth+1); } void print(Tree *root) { while(root!=NULL) { cout<<root->x<<" " <<root->y; print(root->left); print(root->right); } } int main() { int depth=0; Tree *root=NULL; vector<point>points(4); float x,y; int n=4; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { cin>>x>>y; points[i].x=x; points[i].y=y; } root=build_kd(root,points,depth); print(root); return 0; } i am trying ti implement in c++ this pseudo code tuple function build_kd_tree(int depth, set points): if points contains only one point: return that point as a leaf. if depth is even: Calculate the median x-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have x-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have x-values greater than or equal to the median. else: Calculate the median y-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have y-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have y-values greater than or equal to the median. treeLeft = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsLeft) treeRight = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsRight) return(median, treeLeft, treeRight) please help me what this error means?

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• how do i make maximum minimum and average score statistic in this code? [on hold]

  - by goldensun player

  i wanna out put the maximum minimum and average score as a statistic category under the student ids and grades in the output file. how do i do that? here is the code: #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <fstream> #include <assert.h> using namespace std; int openfiles(ifstream& infile, ofstream& outfile); void Size(ofstream&, int, string); int main() { int num_student = 4, count, length, score2, w[6]; ifstream infile, curvingfile; char x; ofstream outfile; float score; string key, answer, id; do { openfiles(infile, outfile); // function calling infile >> key; // answer key for (int i = 0; i < num_student; i++) // loop over each student { infile >> id; infile >> answer; count = 0; length = key.size(); // length represents number of questions in exam from exam1.dat // size is a string function.... Size (outfile, length, answer); for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) // loop over each question { if (key[j] == answer[j]) count++; } score = (float) count / length; score2 = (int)(score * 100); outfile << id << " " << score2 << "%"; if (score2 >= 90)//<-----w[0] outfile << "A" << endl; else if (score2 >= 80)//<-----w[1] outfile << "B" << endl; else if (score2 >= 70)//<-----w[2] outfile << "C" << endl; else if (score2 >= 60)//<-----w[3] outfile << "D" << endl; else if (score2 >= 50)//<-----w[4] outfile << "E" << endl; else if (score2 < 50)//<-----w[5] outfile << "F" << endl; } cout << "Would you like to attempt a new trial? (y/n): "; cin >> x; } while (x == 'y' || x == 'Y'); return 0; } int openfiles(ifstream& infile, ofstream& outfile) { string name1, name2, name3, answerstring, curvedata; cin >> name1; name2; name3; if (name1 == "exit" || name2 == "exit" || name3 == "exit" ) return false; cout << "Input the name for the exam file: "; cin >> name1; infile.open(name1.c_str()); infile >> answerstring; cout << "Input the name for the curving file: "; cin >> name2; infile.open(name2.c_str()); infile >> curvedata; cout << "Input the name for the output: "; cin >> name3; outfile.open(name3.c_str()); return true; } void Size(ofstream& outfile, int length, string answer) { bool check;// extra answers, lesser answers... if (answer.size() > length) { outfile << "Unnecessary extra answers"; } else if (answer.size() < length) { outfile << "The remaining answers are incorrect"; } else { check = false; }; } and how do i use assert for preconditions and post conditional functions? i dont understand this that well...

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• build error with boost spirit grammar (boost 1.43 and g++ 4.4.1)

  - by lurscher

  I'm having issues getting a small spirit/qi grammar to compile. The build stack trace is fugly enought to not make any sense to me (despite some assertion_failed i could notice in there but that didn't brought much information) the input grammar header: inputGrammar.h #include <boost/config/warning_disable.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_core.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_fusion.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_stl.hpp> #include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp> #include <boost/variant/recursive_variant.hpp> #include <boost/foreach.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #include <vector> namespace sp = boost::spirit; namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi; using namespace boost::spirit::ascii; //using namespace boost::spirit::arg_names; namespace fusion = boost::fusion; namespace phoenix = boost::phoenix; using phoenix::at_c; using phoenix::push_back; template< typename Iterator , typename ExpressionAST > struct InputGrammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, ExpressionAST(), space_type> { InputGrammar() : InputGrammar::base_type( block ) { tag = sp::lexeme[+(alpha) [sp::_val += sp::_1]];//[+(char_ - '<') [_val += _1]]; block = sp::lit("block") [ at_c<0>(sp::_val) = sp::_1] >> "(" >> *instruction[ push_back( at_c<1>(sp::_val) , sp::_1 ) ] >> ")"; command = tag [ at_c<0>(sp::_val) = sp::_1] >> "(" >> *instruction [ push_back( at_c<1>(sp::_val) , sp::_1 )] >> ")"; instruction = ( command | tag ) [sp::_val = sp::_1]; } qi::rule< Iterator , std::string() , space_type > tag; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > block; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > function_def; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > command; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > instruction; }; the test build program: i seems the build fails at qi::phrase_parse, i am using boost 1.43 and g++ 4.4.1 #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; //my grammar #include <InputGrammar.h> struct MockExpressionNode { std::string name; std::vector< MockExpressionNode > operands; typedef std::vector< MockExpressionNode >::iterator iterator; typedef std::vector< MockExpressionNode >::const_iterator const_iterator; iterator begin() { return operands.begin(); } const_iterator begin() const { return operands.begin(); } iterator end() { return operands.end(); } const_iterator end() const { return operands.end(); } bool is_leaf() const { return ( operands.begin() == operands.end() ); } }; BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT( MockExpressionNode, (std::string, name) (std::vector<MockExpressionNode>, operands) ) int const tabsize = 4; void tab(int indent) { for (int i = 0; i < indent; ++i) std::cout << ' '; } template< typename ExpressionNode > struct ExpressionNodePrinter { ExpressionNodePrinter(int indent = 0) : indent(indent) { } void operator()(ExpressionNode const& node) const { cout << " tag: " << node.name << endl; for (int i=0 ; i < node.operands.size() ; i++ ) { tab( indent ); cout << " arg "<<i<<": "; ExpressionNodePrinter(indent + 2)( node.operands[i]); cout << endl; } } int indent; }; int test() { MockExpressionNode root; InputGrammar< string::const_iterator , MockExpressionNode > g(); std::string litA = "litA"; std::string litB = "litB"; std::string litC = "litC"; std::string litD = "litD"; std::string litE = "litE"; std::string litF = "litF"; std::string source = litA+"( "+litB+" ,"+litC+" , "+ litD+" ( "+litE+", "+litF+" ) "+ " )"; string::const_iterator iter = source.begin(); string::const_iterator end = source.end(); bool r = qi::phrase_parse( iter , end , g , root , space ); ExpressionNodePrinter< MockExpressionNode > np; np( root ); }; int main() { test(); } finally, the build error is the following: /usr/bin/make -f nbproject/Makefile-linux_amd64_devel.mk SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf make[1]: se ingresa al directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' /usr/bin/make -f nbproject/Makefile-linux_amd64_devel.mk dist/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/vpuinputparsertests make[2]: se ingresa al directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' mkdir -p build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86 rm -f build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o.d g++ `llvm-config --cxxflags` `pkg-config --cflags unittest-cpp` `pkg-config --cflags boost-1.43` `pkg-config --cflags boost-coroutines` -c -g -I../InputParser -MMD -MP -MF build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o.d -o build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o tests_main.cpp from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/auto.hpp:16, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi.hpp:15, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp:16, from ../InputParser/InputGrammar.h:12, from tests_main.cpp:14: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp: In function ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]’: In file included from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/detail/parse_auto.hpp:14, /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:125: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::spirit::ascii::space_type]’ tests_main.cpp:206: instantiated from here /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:99: error: no matching function for call to ‘assertion_failed(mpl_::failed************ (boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]::error_invalid_expression::************)(InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode> (*)()))’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:125: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::spirit::ascii::space_type]’ tests_main.cpp:206: instantiated from here /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:100: error: no matching function for call to ‘assertion_failed(mpl_::failed************ (boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]::error_invalid_expression::************)(MockExpressionNode))’ from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/proto/proto.hpp:12, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/support/meta_compiler.hpp:17, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/meta_compiler.hpp:14, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/action/action.hpp:14, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/action.hpp:14, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi.hpp:14, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp:16, from ../InputParser/InputGrammar.h:12, from tests_main.cpp:14: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/proto/detail/expr0.hpp: At global scope: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/proto/proto_fwd.hpp: In instantiation of ‘boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>()>, 0l>’: In file included from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/proto/core.hpp:13, /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/utility/enable_if.hpp:59: instantiated from ‘boost::disable_if<boost::proto::result_of::is_expr<boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>()>, 0l>, void>, void>’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/support/meta_compiler.hpp:200: instantiated from ‘boost::spirit::result_of::compile<boost::spirit::qi::domain, InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), boost::fusion::unused_type, void>’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:107: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:125: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::spirit::ascii::space_type]’ tests_main.cpp:206: instantiated from here /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/proto/detail/expr0.hpp:64: error: field ‘boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>()>, 0l>::child0’ invalidly declared function type from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/auto.hpp:16, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi.hpp:15, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp:16, from ../InputParser/InputGrammar.h:12, from tests_main.cpp:14: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp: In function ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]’: In file included from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/detail/parse_auto.hpp:14, /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:125: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::spirit::ascii::space_type]’ tests_main.cpp:206: instantiated from here /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:107: error: request for member ‘parse’ in ‘boost::spirit::compile [with Domain = boost::spirit::qi::domain, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>()](((InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode> (&)())((InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode> (*)())expr)))’, which is of non-class type ‘InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>()’ from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/auto.hpp:15, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi.hpp:15, from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp:16, from ../InputParser/InputGrammar.h:12, from tests_main.cpp:14: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/skip_over.hpp: In function ‘void boost::spirit::qi::skip_over(Iterator&, const Iterator&, const T&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, T = boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]::skipper_type]’: In file included from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/auto/auto.hpp:19, /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:112: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, boost::spirit::qi::skip_flag::enum_type, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>]’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/parse.hpp:125: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(Iterator&, Iterator, const Expr&, const Skipper&, Attr&) [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Expr = InputGrammar<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode>(), Skipper = MockExpressionNode, Attr = const boost::spirit::ascii::space_type]’ tests_main.cpp:206: instantiated from here /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/skip_over.hpp:27: error: ‘const struct MockExpressionNode’ has no member named ‘parse’ make[2]: *** [build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o] Error 1 make[2]: se sale del directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' make[1]: *** [.build-conf] Error 2 make[1]: se sale del directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' make: *** [.build-impl] Error 2 BUILD FAILED (exit value 2, total time: 1m 48s)

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• Hook IDispatch v-table in C++

  - by monoceres

  I'm trying to modify the behavior of an IDispatch interface already present in the system. To do this my plan was to hook into the objects v-table during runtime and modify the pointers so it points to a custom hook method instead. If I can get this to work I can add new methods and properties to already existing objects. Nice. First I tried hooking into the v-table for IUnknown (from which IDispatch inherits from) and that worked fine. However trying to change entires in IDispatch doesn't work at all. Nothing happens at all, the code works just as it did without the hook. Here's the code, it's very simple so it shouldn't be any problems to understand #include <iostream> #include <windows.h> #include <Objbase.h> #pragma comment (lib,"Ole32.lib") using namespace std; HRESULT __stdcall typecount(IDispatch *self,UINT*u) { cout << "hook" << endl; *u=1; return S_OK; } int main() { CoInitialize(NULL); // Get clsid from name CLSID clsid; CLSIDFromProgID(L"shell.application",&clsid); // Create instance IDispatch *obj=NULL; CoCreateInstance(clsid,NULL,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,__uuidof(IDispatch),(void**)&obj); // Get vtable and offset in vtable for idispatch void* iunknown_vtable= (void*)*((unsigned int*)obj); // There are three entries in IUnknown, therefore add 12 to go to IDispatch void* idispatch_vtable = (void*)(((unsigned int)iunknown_vtable)+12); // Get pointer of first emtry in IDispatch vtable (GetTypeInfoCount) unsigned int* v1 = (unsigned int*)iunknown_vtable; // Change memory permissions so address can be overwritten DWORD old; VirtualProtect(v1,4,PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE,&old); // Override v-table pointer *v1 = (unsigned int) typecount; // Try calling GetTypeInfo count, should now be hooked. But isn't works as usual UINT num=0; obj->GetTypeInfoCount(&num); /* HRESULT hresult; OLECHAR FAR* szMember = (OLECHAR*)L"MinimizeAll"; DISPID dispid; DISPPARAMS dispparamsNoArgs = {NULL, NULL, 0, 0}; hresult = obj->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &szMember, 1, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, &dispid) ; hresult = obj->Invoke(dispid,IID_NULL,LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT,DISPATCH_METHOD,&dispparamsNoArgs, NULL, NULL, NULL); */ } Thanks in advance!

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