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• ORA- 01157 / Cant connect to database

  - by Tom

  Hi everyone, this is a follow up from this question. Let me start by saying that i am NOT a DBA, so i'm really really lost with this. A few weeks ago, we lost contact with one of our SID'S. All the other services are working, but this one in particular is not. What we got was this message when trying to connect ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress An attempt to alter database open ended up in ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 6: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xxx/xxx_data.dbf' I tried to shutdown / restart the database, but got this message. Total System Global Area 566231040 bytes Fixed Size 1220604 bytes Variable Size 117440516 bytes Database Buffers 444596224 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 6: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xxx/xxx_data.dbf' When all continued the same, I erased the dbf files (rm xxx_data.dbf xxx_index.dbf), and recreated them using touch xxx_data.dbf. I also tried to recreate the tablespaces using `CREATE TABLESPACE DATA DATAFILE XXX_DATA.DBF` and got Database not open As I said, i don't know how bad this is, or how far i'm from gaining access to my database (well, to this SID at least, the others are working). I would imagine that a last resource would be to throw everything away, and recreating it, but I don't know how to, and I was hoping there's a less destructive solution. Any help will be greatly appreciated . Thanks in advance.

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• Backup script to FTP with timed subfolders

  - by Frederik Nielsen

  I want to make a backup script, that makes a .tar.gz of a folder I define, say fx /root/tekkit/world This .tar.gz file should then be uploaded to a FTP server, named by the time it was uploaded, for example: 07-10-2012-13-00.tar.gz How should such backup script be written? I already figured out the .tar.gz part - just need the naming and the uploading to FTP. I know that FTP is not the most secure way to do it, but as it is non-sensitive data, and FTP is the only option I have, it will do. Edit: I ended up with this script: #!/bin/bash # have some path predefined for backup unless one is provided as first argument BACKUP_DIR="/root/tekkit/world/" TMP_DIR="/tmp/tekkitbackup/" FINISH_DIR="/tmp/tekkitfinished/" # construct name for our archive TIME=$(date +%d-%m-%Y-%H-%M) if [ $1 ]; then BACKUP_DIR="$1" fi echo "Backing up dir ... $BACKUP_DIR" mkdir $TMP_DIR cp -R $BACKUP_DIR $TMP_DIR cd $FINISH_DIR tar czvfp tekkit-$TIME.tar.gz -C $TMP_DIR . # create upload script for lftp cat <<EOF> lftp.upload.script open server user user password lcd $FINISH_DIR mput tekkit-$TIME.tar.gz exit EOF # start backup using lftp and script we created; if all went well print simple message and clean up lftp -f lftp.upload.script && ( echo Upload successfull ; rm lftp.upload.script )

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• Upstart can't determine my process' pid

  - by sirlark

  I'm writing an upstart script for a small service I've written for my colleagues. My upstart job can start the service, but when it does it only outputs queryqueue start/running; note the lack of a pid as given for other services. #/etc/init/queryqueue.conf description "Query Queue Daemon" author "---" start on started mysql stop on stopping mysql expect fork env DEFAULTFILE=/etc/default/queryqueue umask 007 kill timeout 30 pre-start script #if [ -f "$DEFAULTFILE" ]; then # . "$DEFAULTFILE" #fi [ ! -f /var/run/queryqueue.sock ] || rm -rf /var/run/queryqueue.sock #exec /usr/local/sbin/queryqueue -s /var/run/queryqueue.sock -d -l /tmp/upstart.log -p $PIDFILE -n $NUM_WORKERS $CLEANCACHE $FLUSHCACHE $CACHECONN end script script #Originally this stanza didn't exist at all if [ -f "$DEFAULTFILE" ]; then . "$DEFAULTFILE" fi exec /usr/local/sbin/queryqueue -s /var/run/queryqueue.sock -d -l /tmp/upstart.log -p $PIDFILE -n $NUM_WORKERS $CLEANCACHE $FLUSHCACHE $CACHECONN end script post-start script for i in `seq 1 5` ; do [ -S /var/run/queryqueue.sock ] && exit 0 sleep 1 done exit 1 end script The service in question is a python script, which when run without error, forks using the code below right after checking command line options and basic environmental sanity, so I tell upstart to expect fork. pid = os.fork() if pid != 0: sys.exit(0) The script is executable, and has a python shebang. I can send the TERM signal to the process manually, and it quits gracefully. But running stop queryqueue claims queryqueue stop/waiting but the process is still alive and well. Also, it's logs indicate it never received the kill signal. I'm guessing this is because upstart doesn't know which pid it has. I've also tried expect daemon and leaving the expect clause out entirely, but there's no change in behaviour. How can I get upstart to determine the pid of the exec'd process

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• Not able to access external Hard disk

  - by Jash Jacob

  I have a 1TB External Hard drive which I'm currently not able to access. When I open the External drive in Finder, It shows it's empty. When I use the option to "Get Info", I get the dialog box stating it has about 300GB Free. Tried to get into the External Drive using Terminal, I had no luck. Checking in Disk Utility, It showed that I have many number of files but ZERO folder. I tried to "repair disk", in the process the external Drive got unmounted in between the process. I checked this drive on Windows. I was able to open almost all the folders but I wasn't able to copy anything onto the external drive. One folder caused my windows computer to hang, So i connected the drive back onto my MacBook Pro and tried to access the drive through terminal (this time it worked!) and then I tried to delete the folder with rm command, I got an "input/output error" What should i do to recover the files in that folder? How can i access my external drive on my mac

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• Understanding !d command in sed with respect to saves

  - by richardh

  I have a directory of tab-delimited text files and some have comments in the first few lines that I would like to delete. I know that the first good line starts with "Mark" so I can use /^Mark/,$!d to delete these comments. After this deletion I have several other replacements that I make in the (new) first line that has variable names. My question is, why do I have to save sed's output to get my script to work? I understand that if I line is deleted, then the output doesn't proceed downstream because there is no output. But if I don't delete (i.e., !d) then why do I have to save to file? Thanks! Here is my shell script. (I'm a sed newbie, so any other feedback is also appreciated.) #!/bin/bash for file in *.txt; do mv $file $file.old1 sed -e '/^Mark/,$!d' $file.old1 > $file.old2 sed -e '1s/\([Ss]\)hareholder/\1hrhldr/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)mmediate/\1mmdt/g'\ -e '1s/\([Nn]\)umber/\1o/g'\ -e '1s/\([Cc]\)ompany/\1o/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)nformation/\1nfo/g'\ -e '1s/\([Pp]\)ercentage/\1ct/g'\ -e '1s/\([Dd]\)omestic/\1om/g'\ -e '1s/\([Gg]\)lobal/\1lbl/g'\ -e '1s/\([Cc]\)ountry/\1ntry/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ss]\)ource/\1rc/g'\ -e '1s/\([Oo]\)wnership/\1wnrshp/g'\ -e '1s/\([Uu]\)ltimate/\1ltmt/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)ncorporation/\1ncorp/g'\ -e '1s/\([Tt]\)otal/\1ot/g'\ -e '1s/\([Dd]\)irect/\1ir/g'\ $file.old2 > $file rm -f $file.old* done

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• Startup script for Red5 on Ubuntu 9.04

  - by user49249

  I am creating startup script for Red5 on Ubuntu. Red5 is installed in /opt/red5 Following is a working script on a CentOS Box on which Red5 is running [code] ==========Start init script ========== #!/bin/sh PROG=red5 RED5_HOME=/opt/red5/dist DAEMON=$RED5_HOME/$PROG.sh PIDFILE=/var/run/$PROG.pid # Source function library . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions [ -r /etc/sysconfig/red5 ] && . /etc/sysconfig/red5 RETVAL=0 case "$1" in start) echo -n $"Starting $PROG: " cd $RED5_HOME $DAEMON >/dev/null 2>/dev/null & RETVAL=$? if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then echo $! > $PIDFILE touch /var/lock/subsys/$PROG fi [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success $"$PROG startup" || failure $"$PROG startup" echo ;; stop) echo -n $"Shutting down $PROG: " killproc -p $PIDFILE RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$PROG ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; status) status $PROG -p $PIDFILE RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL [/code] What do I need to replace for Ubuntu in the above script. My Red5 is in /opt/red5/ and to start it manually I always do /opt/red5/dist/red5.sh from Ubuntu As I did not find rc.d/functions on Ubuntu on my laptop also /etc/init.d/functions I did not existed. I would like to be able to use them with service as Red hat distributions do. I checked /lib/lsb/init-functions.

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• Generating alerts from ossec ( server- agent ) model

  - by batman

  I'm very new to OSSEC. I use a server-agent model. I wish to generate alert for the following actions ( in agent side ): 1) Sample Alert for delation of logs I added the rules for these in agent's ossec.conf using <localfile> tags. Like this : <localfile> <log_format>syslog</log_format> <location>/var/log/syslog</location> </localfile> In my server's ossec.conf. I added the following : <global> <email_notification>yes</email_notification> <email_to>xxxx@xxxxxx</email_to> <smtp_server>smtp.gmail.com</smtp_server> <email_from>xxxx@xxx</email_from> </global> And I restarted my server. Now I tried to delete the agents syslog file using rm syslog. But no alerts has been triggered. Where I'm making the mistake?

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• No sound out of headphone port on laptop

  - by Thanatos

  I cannot get sound out of the headphone port on a laptop. Headphones are plugged in, and sound comes out of the internal speakers. Windows behaves normally (sound switches to headphones when headphones are inserted). It did work in Linux at one point, but something changed, we're just not sure what. Rebooting doesn't fix. This appears to occur whether or not PulseAudio is running. Things I've tried: Rebooting. No effect. Booting into Windows. It works properly, so probably not a hardware issue. All of alsamixer. My only controls are this: "Master" Volume bar & mutable, unmuted. Controls volume. "PCM" Volume bar only. 100%. "S/PDIF" Mutable only, currently muted, has no effect. "S/PDIF" Default PCM", Mutable only, currently unmuted, has no effect. Killing PulseAudio. No effect. (It also won't stay dead! Something appears to be restarting it, and I can't tell what, but it is annoying as fuck.) alsactl init 0, no effect. sudo rm -f /var/lib/alsa/asound.state, no effect. General system info: Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Toshiba Satellite T135D-S1324 lspci says I have: 00:14.2 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) 01:05.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc RS780 Azalia controller Some edits: Yes, the headphones are in all the way. This works in Windows: You plug headphones in, the internal speakers stop making noise, and noise comes out the head phones. Windows says I only have two sound cards: the HDMI port (which I don't care about) and the "sound card", which it claims is a "Conexant Pebble High Definition SmartAudio" In Windows, both the internal speakers and the headphone jack show up as one soundcard, which in my experience, is typical. (This is a laptop)

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• How do I connect to SSH without the password to be requested every time ? - Already follow some answers here but it doesn't work

  - by MEM

  MAC OS X Lion 10.7.3 1) On host, I've created an authorized_keys file inside .ssh folder, by doing: touch authorized_keys 2) I've copy my public ssh key into host .ssh folder by doing: scp ~/.ssh/mykey.pub [email protected]:/home/userhost/.ssh/mykey.pub 3) I've place it's contents inside authorized files by doing: cat mykey.pub >> authorized_keys 4) Then I've removed the mykey.pub file: rm mykey.pub 5) On my terminal, locally, inside my ~/.ssh folder I made: ssh-add mykey (notice that it is without the pub extension); 6) I've closed and opened again the terminal. When I first connect to this host, it has being added to the *known_hosts* file inside ~/.ssh; I've pico known_hosts and the hash is there. Still, every time I connect by doing: ssh [email protected] it requests a password ! What am I missing here ? UPDATE: I've done EVEN TWO MORE THINGS here: 7) Set your key to be the default identity - if it doesn't exist, create; touch ~/.ssh/config and place inside the following line: IdentityFile ~/.ssh/yourkeyname *id_rsa is normally your default key. You should switched to your key. This tells that the outgoing ssh connections should use this as a default identity.* 8) Add a bash process to your ssh-agent: ssh-agent bash ssh-add ~/.ssh/yourkeyname Lisinge answer helped but it's not definitive. If we restart our machine, the password gets prompted again!!! How can we debug this? What can we do here? How can we check where is this process failing ? UPDATE 2: If I use: ssh -v -i <keyfile> [email protected] I get among other things: OpenSSH_5.6p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011 Warning: Identity file yourkeyname not accessible: No such file or directory. This message refers to what? The identify file is not accessible on the localhost, or it's not accessible on the remote host ? Please advice

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• SSD suddenly full

  - by Daniel

  Today the hard drive of our server was suddenly full. The disk usage always stayed around 50 % in the weeks and months before (old data is regularly expunged from the server). I deleted 10 GB of files in /tmp, which strangely freed 51 GB. Here is what I did: root@***:~# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 137G 0 100% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot root@***:/var# du -hs * 3,3M backups 438M cache 9,4G lib 4,0K local 12K lock 76M log 24K mail 4,0K opt 88K run 184K spool 10G tmp 12K www root@***:/var/tmp# find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 rm root@***:/var/tmp# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 81G 51G 62% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot Any explanation as to why deleting 10 GB in /tmp gave me back 51 GB on the disk? Could this point to an SSD failure? Are there any tools for Debian to test SSD health? I already have checked syslog. The first entry relating to this incidient is a mysql message: 1:22:02 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Disk is full writing... So I have absolutely no idea what caused this.

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• rpmbuild gives seg fault

  - by Deepti Jain

  I am trying to build an rpm using the rpmbuild tool. I have source code which build binaries around 30 GB. This software for which I am making the rpm has dozens of executables. When I copy only the binaries of a single executable (Eg. init) my rpm builds successfully. But when I dump the entire build to the rpm, rpmbuild does everything but gives a seg fault in the end. Here is my spec file: # This is a sample spec file for wget %define _topdir /root/mywget %define name source %define release 1 %define version 1.12 %define _builddir /root/mywget/BUILD/glenlivet %define _buildrootdir /root/mywget/BUILDROOT %define _buildroot /root/mywget/BUILDROOT %define _sourcedir /root/mywget/SOURCES BuildRoot: %{_buildroot} Summary: GNU source License: GPL Name: %{name} Version: %{version} Release: %{release} Source: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz Prefix: /usr Group: Development/Tools %description The GNU sample program downloads files from the Internet using the command-line. %prep %setup -q -n glenlivet %build cd %{_builddir} make all %install rm -rf %{_buildrootdir} mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/bin cp -p -r %{_builddir}/build/obj-x64/* %{_buildrootdir}/bin/ %files %defattr(-,root,root) /bin/* If I only copy some of the binaries (let say one utility and its dependent binaries) it works fine. But when I try to copy the entire build, I get a seg fault. I get the seg fault after rpmbuild has executed these sections: %prep %build %install rpmbuild also processes my source file. Processing files: source-1.12-1 Finding Provides: Finding Requires: Finding Supplements: Provides:...... Requires:...... Checking for unpackaged file(s):/ usr/lib/rpm/check-files /root/mywget/BUILDROOT Checking for unpackaged file(s):/ usr/lib/rpm/check-files /root/mywget/BUILDROOT Segmentation fault Any clue what wrong is going on or where does rpmbuild fails? Thanks in advance

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• How to go about rotating logs which are arbitrary named and placed in deeply nested directories?

  - by Roman Grazhdan

  I have a couple of hosts which are basically a playground for developers. On these hosts, each of them has a directory under /tmp where he is free to do all he wants - store files, write logs etc. Of course, the logs are to be rotated, or else the disc will be 100% full in a week. The files can be plenty, but I've dealt with it with paths like /tmp/[a-e]*/* and so on and lived happily for a while, but as they try new cool stuff on the machine logrotate rules grow ugly and unmanageable, and it's getting more difficult to understand which files hit the glob. Also, logrotate would segfault if asked to rotate a socket. I don't feel like trying to enforce some naming policies in that environment, I think it's going to take quite a lot of time and get people annoyed and still would fail at some point. And I still need to manage the logs, not just rm the dirs at night. So is it a good idea in circumstances like these to write a script which would handle these temporary files? I prefer sticking with standard utilities whenever possible, but here I think logrotate is getting less and less manageable. And probably someone heard of some logrotate alternatives which would work well in such an environment? I don't need emailing logs or some other advanced features, so theoretically some well commented find | xargs would do. P.S. I do have a log aggregator but this stuff is not going to touch my little cute logstash machine.

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• Reset rc.d so software starts at boot again

  - by natli

  I ran the following 2 commands on my VPS box and now it boots without starting any software at all. According to rcconf it's still supposed to start my chosen software (ssh etc.) but it doesn't. update-rc.d vz defaults update-rc.d vzeventd defaults I already tried removing them again with update-rc.d -f vz remove update-rc.d -f vzeventd remove But that didnt't change anything. /etc/rc.local also still correctly lists some scripts I want to run at start-up, but they don't seem to be called either. I expect the top 2 commands to be responsible, but here's everything I did: mkdir /var/openvz-dl cd /var/openvz-dl wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/branches/rhel6-2.6.32/042stab062.2/vzkernel-2.6.32-042stab062.2.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/branches/rhel6-2.6.32/042stab062.2/vzkernel-devel-2.6.32-042stab062.2.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzctl/4.0/vzctl-4.0-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzctl/4.0/vzctl-core-4.0-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/ploop/1.5/ploop-1.5-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/ploop/1.5/ploop-lib-1.5-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzquota/3.1/vzquota-3.1-1.x86_64.rpm apt-get install fakeroot alien fakeroot alien --to-deb --scripts --keep-version vz*.rpm ploop*.rpm dpkg -i vz*.deb ploop*.deb --force-overwrite update-rc.d vz defaults update-rc.d vzeventd defaults reboot A huge part of that failed because I was running it on an OpenVZ VPS which has a shared kernel that can't be altered, so I also had to fix the dpkg like so (it was moaning about wanting to install vzkernel with a package not being found); rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/vzkernel* dpkg-reconfigure vzkernel --force dpkg --purge --force-all vzkernel But that didn't fix the boot issue either. How do I make my software start at boot again?

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• logfile deleted on Oracle database how to re-create it?

  - by Daniel

  for my database assignment we were looking into 'database corruption' and I was asked to delete the second redo log file which I have done with the command: rm log02a.rdo this was in the $HOME/ORADATA/u03 directory. Now I started up my database using startup pfile=$PFILE nomount then I mounted it using the command alter database mount; now when I try to open it alter database open; it gives me the error: ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel Process ID: 22125 Session ID: 25 Serial number: 1 I am assuming this is because the second redo log file is missing. There is still log01a.rdo, but not the one I have deleted. How can I go about recovering this now so that I can open my database again? I have looked into the database created scripts, and it specified the log02a.rdo file to be size 10M and part of group 2. If I do select group#, member from v$logfile; I get: 1 /oradata/student_db/user06/ORADATA/u03/log01a.rdo 2 /oradata/student_db/user06/ORADATA/u03/log02a.rdo 3 /oradata/student_db/user06/ORADATA/u03/log03a.rdo 4 /oradata/student_db/user06/ORADATA/u03/log04a.rdo So it is part of group 2. If I try to add the log02a.rdo file again "already part of the database". If I drop group 2 and then add it again with these commands: ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 2 ('$HOME/ORADATA/u03/log02a.rdo') SIZE 10M; Nothing. Supposedly alters the database, but it still won't start up. Any ideas what I can do to re-create this and be able to open my database again?

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• Using awk to split text file every 10,000 lines

  - by Sneaky Wombat

  I have a large gzip'd text file. I'd like to something like: zcat BIGFILE.GZ | awk (snag 10,000 lines and redirect to...)|gzip -9 smallerPartFile.gz the awk part up there, I basically want it to take 10,000 lines and send it to gzip and then repeat until all lines in the original input file are consumed. I found a script that claims to do this, but when I run it on my files and then diff the original to the ones that were split and then merged, lines are missing. So, something is wrong with the awk part and I'm not sure what part is broken. Here's the code. Can someone tell me why this doesn't yield a file that can be split and merged and then diff'd to the original successfully? # Generate files part0.dat.gz, part1.dat.gz, etc. # restore with: zcat foo* | gzip -9 > restoredFoo.sql.gz (or something like that) prefix="foo" count=0 suffix=".sql" lines=10000 # Split every 10000 line. zcat /home/foo/foo.sql.gz | while true; do partname=${prefix}${count}${suffix} # Use awk to read the required number of lines from the input stream. awk -v lines=${lines} 'NR <= lines {print} NR == lines {exit}' >${partname} if [[ -s ${partname} ]]; then # Compress this part file. gzip -9 ${partname} (( ++count )) else # Last file generated is empty, delete it. rm -f ${partname} break fi done

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• No sound out of headphone port

  - by Thanatos

  I cannot get sound out of the headphone port. Headphones are plugged in, and sound comes out of the internal speakers. Windows behaves normally (sound switches to headphones when headphones are inserted). It did work in Linux at one point, but something changed, we're just not sure what. Rebooting doesn't fix. This appears to occur whether or not PulseAudio is running. Things I've tried: Rebooting. No effect. Booting into Windows. It works properly, so probably not a hardware issue. All of alsamixer. My only controls are this: "Master" Volume bar & mutable, unmuted. Controls volume. "PCM" Volume bar only. 100%. "S/PDIF" Mutable only, currently muted, has no effect. "S/PDIF" Default PCM", Mutable only, currently unmuted, has no effect. Killing PulseAudio. No effect. (It also won't stay dead! Something appears to be restarting it, and I can't tell what, but it is annoying as fuck.) alsactl init 0, no effect. sudo rm -f /var/lib/alsa/asound.state, no effect. General system info: Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Toshiba Satellite T135D-S1324 lspci says I have: 00:14.2 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) 01:05.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc RS780 Azalia controller

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• How to recover deleted files on ext3 fs

  - by Mike

  I have a drive which was using the ext3 filesystem. I am told that about 10Gb of data was deleted off the drive (probably via rm). The drive is currently mounted as read-only to preserve all data. Does anyone know of a method to restore some or all of the data? Also if it helps, the OS was Fedora. I've also been told that the data is mostly ASCII fortan source code and Matlab files. Conclusion I have finally managed to get the data back, and with the simplest means ever! After weeks of trying and failing to bring back much of any data, I brought someone in today to take a look at it and offer suggestions, he simply cd'd to the directory and everything was there! It was never lost in the first place!!! Needless to say I feel really dumb right now, but I learned quite a lot with this whole fiasco. At any rate, while I was looking through data forensics solutions, I found that the Autopsy, or more specifically the SleuthKit was the most helpful. So I will accept that as the final answer. I would also like to note for anyone that comes across this later on that the most up-voted (currently) answer by sekenre was also helpful and I learned a lot, but ultimately it did not help with the type (very many, and some being very large) of files I was dealing with. So thank to all you that provided suggestions and wish you all the best!

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• How to access original files from before a symlink gets updated, which have since been moved to another dir

  - by Luke Cousins

  We have a website and our deployment process goes somewhat like the following (with lots of irrelevant steps excluded) echo "Remove previous, if it exists, we don't need that anymore" rm -rf /home/[XXX]/php_code/previous echo "Create the current dir if it doesn't exist (just in case this is the first deploy to this server)" mkdir -p /home/[XXX]/php_code/current echo "Create the var_www dir if it doesn't exist (just in case this is the first deploy to this server)" mkdir -p /home/[XXX]/var_www echo "Copy current to previous so we can use temporarily" cp -R /home/[XXX]/php_code/current/* /home/[XXX]/php_code/previous/ echo "Atomically swap the symbolic link to use previous instead of current" ln -s /home/[XXX]/php_code/previous /home/[XXX]/var_www/live_tmp && mv -Tf /home/[XXX]/var_www/live_tmp /home/[XXX]/var_www/live # Rsync latest code into the current dir, code not shown here echo "Atomically swap the symbolic link to use current instead of previous" ln -s /home/[XXX]/php_code/current /home/[XXX]/var_www/live_tmp && mv -Tf /home/[XXX]/var_www/live_tmp /home/[XXX]/var_www/live The problem we are having and would like help with is that, the first thing any website page load does is work out the base dir of the application and define it as a constant (we use PHP). If then during that page load a deployment occurs, the system tries to include() a file using the original full path and will get the new version of that file. We need it to get the old one from the old dir which has now moved as in: System starts page load and determines SYSTEM_ROOT_PATH constant to be /home/[XXX]/var_www/live or by using PHP's realpath() it could be /home/[XXX]/php_code/current. Symlink for /home/[XXX]/var_www/live get updated to point to /home/[XXX]/php_code/previous instead of /home/[XXX]/php_code/current where it did originally. System tries to load /home/[XXX]/var_www/live/something.php and gets /home/[XXX]/php_code/current/something.php instead of /home/[XXX]/php_code/previous/something.php I'm sorry if that is not explained very well. I'd really appreciate some ideas on how to get around this problem if someone can. Thank you.

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• Uninstall Glassfish and metro completely

  - by user775829

  I thought of updating my Glassfish server from 2.1 to 3.1.1 in a Linux machine. I downloaded the .ZIP package. However during uninstalling of Glassfish v2.1 I did not find the uninstall.sh file in "bin" directory. Following are a few steps which I did... I removed the glassfish folder (rm -rf ...) After removing files in the end it gave me a notification that it could not remove 2 files used by Metro. I cant recollect those file names, but I manually deleted that folder. I made a mistake by first not uninstalling Metro. I uninstalled metro completely after that. but it seemed pointless (it uninstalled successfully :P ) I transfered the Glassfish 3.1.1 ZIP file and unzipped and configured it. FOllow are a few Problems I am facing I cannot deploy any of my WAR file. Its giving errors saying " Error creating bean,Instantiation of bean failed etc etc." (However the WAR file is getting deployed successfully in other Linux Machine) When I try installing Metro v2.1 separately, it does not show the admin console or it timesout while starting the domain. The Log File of the Domain says it has started the domain successfully and the process is also created. But after running the command (asadmin) it takes like forever and times out without showing Domain Started Successfully, There is no uninstall.sh in Glassfishv3.1.1 bin directory. How do I completely uninstall Glassfish v 3.1.1 and Metro 2.1 ??? What are the files which I will have to manually remove?

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• Is it better to always copy and delete, rather than move?

  - by nbolton

  Generally speaking, I find myself panicking when I realise that if I cancel a file move, it could cause the target or source to be incomplete. This question applies to Windows and Unix-based platforms. I can never remember exactly how the move command works in either case. For example, if you're moving a directory; does it copy the entire directory, then delete it after, or does it copy then delete each file individually? I always realise after typing something like, mv verybigdir dest that I really should have typed cp -R verybigdir dest && rm verybigdir (where the && operator only moves to the next command if the first was successful) -- or is this pointless? What happens exactly when I press Ctrl+C half way through a move? Likewise, what exactly happens on Windows when I press the cancel button? I can't count the number of times I've moved something (the last time was when using svn) and had two directories, with split contents. I guess the answer is difficult, because not all applications move groups of files in the same way.

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• Safe to remove Python2.6 files?

  - by darkfeline

  I'm using Linux Mint 11 (will upgrade soon), and I've noticed that, even though I don't have any python2.6 packages installed with apt, there's a bunch of residual python2.6 files scattered around my drive, including, but not limited to, dist-packages in /usr/lib/python2.6 and various /usr/share stuff. Is there any way to test if these files are still being used? I'm tempted to sudo rm -rf the lot of them, but I'm scared it'll break stuff. Also, does anyone have any idea where these files could have come from? I believe I had python2.6 installed once upon a time, but I made sure to --purge them, so there shouldn't be any trace of them left, right? EDIT: after using a quick script to check all of the files, it appears most of them belong to important packages, so I won't try weeding out the few which I know are probably useless. Although I am curious why so many packages have python2.6 files when I don't even have it installed. These files are not associated with any packages and I'm not sure if they are safe to remove: /usr/bin/ipython2.6 /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/distribute-0.6.15.egg-info /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/easy_install.py /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/IPython /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/ipython-0.10.1.egg-info /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/setuptools /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/setuptools.egg-info /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/setuptools.pth /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/site.py /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/wx.pth /usr/local/lib/python2.6 /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages /usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages /usr/share/man/man1/ipython2.6.1.gz

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• Can't do anything with Ext. HDD, ".Trashes" is probably the boogyman. (On a MAC!)

  - by Sander Schaeffer

  I bought a external Harddrive today, A Samsung. But I'm not able to do anything with it A few notes on that. I can't put anything on the harddrive. It keeps on 'preparing copying files' I can delete anything on the harddrive system files, except the folder ".Trashes". It gives error 'Unexpected error: -50' I've tried to empty my own trashcan, no changes. I've set the file permission on the .Trashes to read/write everyone, doesn;t change a thing Trying to format the whole drive with DiskUtility, but quits at start, because the drive cannot be deactivated I've tried a few terminal commands sudo -s -r rf /Volumes/Untitled\ 1/.Trashes - Directory not empty -r rf /Volumes/Untitled\ 1/.Trashes - no permissions Also cd /Volumes ls -al cd name_of_partition ls -al -rm -rf .Trashes Again: Permission error. Also: I can't change drive permissions via Disk Utility, via the button 'recover drive permissions', because it is 'blank' I really can't figure out how to delete .Trashes, format the drive or get the damn thing working. Any suggestions? p.s. If this is the wrong Stack Exchange site: Please redirect me!

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• Setting up logging for a remote backup script

  - by Brian Dainis

  So I wrote up a short script that I am planning to run via a cron job daily to package up my site files and send them to a remote location. I also plan to incorporate DB dumps, but I have not gotten that far yet. My issue today however is that Im am uncertain how to log the output of each command for errors, warnings, or other pertinent information the command may output. I would also like to install sometype of fail safe so if something goes horribly wrong the script will stop dead in its tracks and notify me via email or something. Ok the email thing is not as critical, but would be nice. Does anybody have any ideas for that? Here is what I have so far. By the way, both servers are CentOS 6.2 running standard LAMP. #!/bin/sh ################################# ### Set Vars ################################# THEDATE=`date +%m%d%y%H%M` ################################# ### Create Archives ################################# tar -cf /root/backups/files/server_BAK_${THEDATE}.tar -C / var/www/vhosts gzip /root/backups/files/server_BAK_${THEDATE}.tar ################################# ### Send Data to Remote Server ################################# scp /root/backups/files/server_BAK_${THEDATE}.tar.gz user@host:/home/bak1/ftp/backups/ ################################# ### Remove Data from this Server ################################# rm -rf /root/backups/files/server_BAK_${THEDATE}.tar.gz

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• Ubuntu's garbage collection cron job for PHP sessions takes 25 minutes to run, why?

  - by Lamah

  Ubuntu has a cron job set up which looks for and deletes old PHP sessions: # Look for and purge old sessions every 30 minutes 09,39 * * * * root [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] \ && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 \ -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir \ fuser -s {} 2> /dev/null \; -delete My problem is that this process is taking a very long time to run, with lots of disk IO. Here's my CPU usage graph: The cleanup running is represented by the teal spikes. At the beginning of the period, PHP's cleanup jobs were scheduled at the default 09 and 39 minutes times. At 15:00 I removed the 39 minute time from cron, so a cleanup job twice the size runs half as often (you can see the peaks get twice as wide and half as frequent). Here are the corresponding graphs for IO time: And disk operations: At the peak where there were about 14,000 sessions active, the cleanup can be seen to run for a full 25 minutes, apparently using 100% of one core of the CPU and what seems to be 100% of the disk IO for the entire period. Why is it so resource intensive? An ls of the session directory /var/lib/php5 takes just a fraction of a second. So why does it take a full 25 minutes to trim old sessions? Is there anything I can do to speed this up? The filesystem for this device is currently ext4, running on Ubuntu Precise 12.04 64-bit. EDIT: I suspect that the load is due to the unusual process "fuser" (since I expect a simple rm to be a damn sight faster than the performance I'm seeing). I'm going to remove the use of fuser and see what happens.

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• where is my disk space?

  - by user166241

  I recently had a problem with .xsession-errors file - it became very big ( 90GB) and took all disk space: How I can check what takes disk space in /tmp?. I cleaned it with command > .xsession-errors but after an hour it became large again. So I deleted it (rm .xsession-errors) - it helped because it wasn't recreated but again after hour disk space disappeared - now there is no .xsession-errors anymore but I don't know where is the memory: df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 106640456 101223392 4 100% / udev 8166744 8 8166736 1% /dev tmpfs 3270224 972 3269252 1% /run none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none 8175552 152 8175400 1% /run/shm du -sc * .[^.]* | sort -n 0 initrd.img 0 initrd.img.old 0 proc 0 sys 0 vmlinuz 0 vmlinuz.old 4 cdrom 4 lib64 4 media 4 mnt 4 selinux 8 dev 12 srv 16 lost+found 68 tmp 1124 run 3396 lib32 5164 .rpmdb 5540 root 8888 sbin 9120 bin 17132 etc 106080 opt 116956 boot 861908 lib 3530584 usr 3821836 var 13371260 home 21859112 total So there is around 100GB used but executing du -sc * .[^.]* | sort -n in root directory finds only ~21 GB - so what takes 80GB?? How to check it? I suspect that when I deleted the `.xsession-errors' file the errors were redirected somwhere else - but where?

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