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• Object relationships

  - by Hammerstein

  This stems from a recent couple of posts I've made on events and memory management in general. I'm making a new question as I don't think the software I'm using has anything to do with the overall problem and I'm trying to understand a little more about how to properly manage things. This is ASP.NET. I've been trying to understand the needs for Dispose/Finalize over the past few days and believe that I've got to a stage where I'm pretty happy with when I should/shouldn't implement the Dispose/Finalize. 'If I have members that implement IDisposable, put explicit calls to their dispose in my dispose method' seems to be my understanding. So, now I'm thinking maybe my understanding of object lifetimes and what holds on to what is just wrong! Rather than come up with some sample code that I think will illustrate my point, I'm going to describe as best I can actual code and see if someone can talk me through it. So, I have a repository class, in it I have a DataContext that I create when the repository is created. I implement IDisposable, and when my calling object is done, I call Dispose on my repository and explicitly call DataContext.Dispose( ). Now, one of the methods of this class creates and returns a list of objects that's handed back to my front end. Front End - Controller - Repository - Controller - Front End. (Using Redgate Memory Profiler, I take a snapshot of my software when the page is first loaded). My front end creates a controller object on page load and then makes a request to the repository sending back a list of items. When the page is finished loading, I call Dispose on the controller which in turn calls dispose on the context. In my mind, that should mean that my connection is closed and that I have no instances of my controller class. If I then refresh the page, it jumps to two 'Live' instances of the controller class. If I look at the object retention graph, the objects I created in my call to the list are being held onto ultimately by what looks like Linq. The controller/repository aside, if I create a list of objects somewhere, or I create an object and return it somewhere, am I safe to just assume that .NET will eventually come and clean things up for me or is there a best practice? The 'Live' instances suggest to me that these are still in memory and active objects, the fact that RMP apparently forces GC doesn't mean anything?

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• .htaccess mod_rewrite URL query

  - by 1001001

  I was hoping someone could help me out. I'm building a CRM application and need help modifying the .htaccess file to clean up the URLs. I've read every post regarding .htaccess and mod_rewrite and I've even tried using http://www.generateit.net/mod-rewrite/ to obtain the results with no success. Here is what I am attempting to do. Let's call the base URL www.domain.com We are using php with a mysql back-end and some jQuery and javascript In that "root" folder is my .htaccess file. I'm not sure if I need a .htaccess file in each subdirectory or if one in the root is enough. We have several actual directories of files including "crm", "sales", "finance", etc. First off we want to strip off all the ".php" extensions which I am able to do myself thanks to these posts. However, the querying of the company and contact IDs are where I am stuck. Right now if I load www.domain.com/crm/companies.php it displays all the companies in a list. If I click on one of the companies it uses javascript to call a "goto_company(x)" jQuery script that writes a form and submit that form based on the ID (x) of the company. This works fine and keeps the links clean as all the end user sees is www.domain.com/crm/company.php. However you can't navigate directly to a company. So we added a few lines in PHP to see if the POST is null and try a GET instead allowing us to do www.domain.com/crm/company.php?companyID=40 which displays company #40 out of the database. I need to rewrite this link, and all other associated links to www.domain.com/crm/company/40 I've tried everything and nothing seems to work. Keep in mind that I need to do this for "contacts" and also on the sales portion of the app will need to do something for "deals". To summarize here's what I am looking to do: Change www.domain.com/crm/dash.php to www.domain.com/crm/dash Change www.domain.com/crm/company.php?companyID=40 to www.domain.com/crm/company/40 Change www.domain.com/crm/contact.php?contactID=27 to www.domain.com/crm/contact/27 Change www.domain.com/sales/dash.php to www.domain.com/sales/dash Change www.domain.com/sales/deal.php?dealID=6 to www.domain.com/sales/deal/6 (40, 27, and 6 are just arbitrary numbers as examples) Just for reference, when I used the generateit.net/mod-rewrite site using www.domain.com/crm/company.php?companyID=40 as an example, here is what it told me to put in my .htaccess file: Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^crm/company/([^/]*)$ /crm/company.php?companyID=$1 [L] Needless to say that didn't work.

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• Is it a good or bad practice to call instance methods from a java constructor?

  - by Steve

  There are several different ways I can initialize complex objects (with injected dependencies and required set-up of injected members), are all seem reasonable, but have various advantages and disadvantages. I'll give a concrete example: final class MyClass { private final Dependency dependency; @Inject public MyClass(Dependency dependency) { this.dependency = dependency; dependency.addHandler(new Handler() { @Override void handle(int foo) { MyClass.this.doSomething(foo); } }); doSomething(0); } private void doSomething(int foo) { dependency.doSomethingElse(foo+1); } } As you can see, the constructor does 3 things, including calling an instance method. I've been told that calling instance methods from a constructor is unsafe because it circumvents the compiler's checks for uninitialized members. I.e. I could have called doSomething(0) before setting this.dependency, which would have compiled but not worked. What is the best way to refactor this? Make doSomething static and pass in the dependency explicitly? In my actual case I have three instance methods and three member fields that all depend on one another, so this seems like a lot of extra boilerplate to make all three of these static. Move the addHandler and doSomething into an @Inject public void init() method. While use with Guice will be transparent, it requires any manual construction to be sure to call init() or else the object won't be fully-functional if someone forgets. Also, this exposes more of the API, both of which seem like bad ideas. Wrap a nested class to keep the dependency to make sure it behaves properly without exposing additional API:class DependencyManager { private final Dependency dependency; public DependecyManager(Dependency dependency) { ... } public doSomething(int foo) { ... } } @Inject public MyClass(Dependency dependency) { DependencyManager manager = new DependencyManager(dependency); manager.doSomething(0); } This pulls instance methods out of all constructors, but generates an extra layer of classes, and when I already had inner and anonymous classes (e.g. that handler) it can become confusing - when I tried this I was told to move the DependencyManager to a separate file, which is also distasteful because it's now multiple files to do a single thing. So what is the preferred way to deal with this sort of situation?

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• jQuery - Save to SQL via PHP

  - by Kenny Bones

  This is probably easy for you guys, but I can't understand it. I want to save the filename of an image to it's own row in the SQL base. Basically, I log on to the site where I have my own userID. And each user has its own column for background images. And the user can choose his own image if he wants to. So basically, when the user clicks on the image he wants, a jquery click event occurs and an ajax call is made to a php file which is supposed to take care of the actual update. The row for each user always exist so there's only an update of the data that's necessary. First, I collect the filename of the css property 'background-image' and split it so I get only the filename. I then store that filename in a variable I call 'filename' which is then passed on to this jQuery snippet: $.ajax({ url: 'save_to_db.php', data: filename, dataType:'Text', type: 'POST', success: function(data) { // Just for testing purposes. alert('Background changed to: ' + data); } }); And this is the php: <?php require("dbconnect.php") ?> <?php $uploadstring = ($_POST['filename']); mysql_query("UPDATE brukere SET brukerBakgrunn = $uploadstring WHERE brukerID=" .$_SESSION['id'] .""; mysql_close(); ?> Basically, each user has their own ID and this is called 'brukerID' The table everything is in is called 'brukere' and the column I'm supposed to update is the one called 'brukerBakgrunn' When I just run the javascript snippet, I get this message box in return where it says: Background changed to: Parse error: syntax error, unexpected ';' in /var/www/clients/client2/web8/web/save_to_db.php on line 8 I actualle get this messagebox twice, not sure why. Line 8 in 'save_to_db.php' is this one: mysql_query("UPDATE brukere SET brukerBakgrunn = $uploadstring WHERE brukerID=" .$_SESSION['id'] .""; Not sure if you need to see db_connect.php as well. I can add that later if you need to see it. So what am I missing here?

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• PHP+GD creating random black thumbnails

  - by rroberto

  Hello, This function is creating some random black images like.. 10% of the time, is not much, but.. you know.. shouldnt be happening. class ImgResizer { private $originalFile = ''; public function __construct($originalFile = '') { $this -> originalFile = $originalFile; } public function resize($newWidth, $targetFile) { if (empty($newWidth) || empty($targetFile)) { return false; } $src = imagecreatefromjpeg($this -> originalFile); list($width, $height) = getimagesize($this -> originalFile); $newHeight = ($height / $width) * $newWidth; if ($newHeight<'335') { //$newHeight='335'; } $tmp = imagecreatetruecolor($newWidth, $newHeight); #$tmp = imagecreate($newWidth, $newHeight); imagecopyresampled($tmp, $src, 0, 0, 0, 0, $newWidth, $newHeight, $width, $height); if (file_exists($targetFile)) { unlink($targetFile); } imagejpeg($tmp, $targetFile, 85); // 85 is my choice, make it between 0 – 100 for output image quality with 100 being the most luxurious } } no errors given in error_log. Here is gd_info(): Array( [GD Version] => bundled (2.0.34 compatible) [FreeType Support] => [T1Lib Support] => [GIF Read Support] => 1 [GIF Create Support] => 1 [JPG Support] => 1 [PNG Support] => 1 [WBMP Support] => 1 [XPM Support] => 1 [XBM Support] => 1 [JIS-mapped Japanese Font Support] => )1 server is linux. function is being called like this: assuming $imagen is the actual source image, and $imagendestino is the path and filename of the new thumbnail. if (!file_exists($imagendestino)) { $work = new ImgResizer($imagen); $work -> resize(475, $imagendestino); } Thanks in advance!

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• RoR custom routing/Method/View problem all methods come back as undefined

  - by Jeff

  I am playing with custom view and routes. I think that I have everything right but obviously not. Essentially I tried to copy the show method and show.html.erb but for some reason it will not work. My controller class fatherController < ApplicationController def show @father = Father.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html # show.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @father } end end def ofmine @father = Father.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html # show.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @father } end end end My routes.rb Parent::Application.routes.draw do resources :fathers do resources :kids end match 'hospitals/:id/ofmine' => 'father#show2' end when I go to 127.0.0.1:/father/1 it works fine but when I try to go to 127.0.0.1:/father/1/ofmine it gives the following error. It doesn't matter what the variable/method that is called; it occurs at the first one to be displayed. Both show.html.erb and show2.html.erb are the exact same files My Error from webserver commandline > Processing by fathersController#show2 > as HTML Parameters: {"id"=>"1"} > Rendered fathers/show2.html.erb within > layouts/application (31.6ms) Completed > in 37ms > > ActionView::Template::Error (undefined > method `name' for nil:NilClass): > 4: <td>Name</td><td></td> > 5: </tr> > 6: <tr> > 7: <td><%= @father.name %></td><td></td> > 8: </tr> > 9: <tr> > 10: <td>City</td><td>State</td> app/views/fathers/show2.html.erb:7:in > `_app_views_fatherss_show__html_erb___709193087__616989688_0' Error as displayed on actual page NoMethodError in Fathers#show2 Showing /var/ruby/chs/app/views/fathers/show2.html.erb where line #7 raised: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass Extracted source (around line #7): 4: Name 5: 6: 7: <%= @father.name % 8: 9: 10: CityState If anyone could tell me what in the world I am doing wrong I would appreciate it greatly.

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• How to pipe two CORE::system commands in a cross-platform way

  - by Pedro Silva

  I'm writing a System::Wrapper module to abstract away from CORE::system and the qx operator. I have a serial method that attempts to connect command1's output to command2's input. I've made some progress using named pipes, but POSIX::mkfifo is not cross-platform. Here's part of what I have so far (the run method at the bottom basically calls system): package main; my $obj1 = System::Wrapper->new( interpreter => 'perl', arguments => [-pe => q{''}], input => ['input.txt'], description => 'Concatenate input.txt to STDOUT', ); my $obj2 = System::Wrapper->new( interpreter => 'perl', arguments => [-pe => q{'$_ = reverse $_}'}], description => 'Reverse lines of input input', output => { '>' => 'output' }, ); $obj1->serial( $obj2 ); package System::Wrapper; #... sub serial { my ($self, @commands) = @_; eval { require POSIX; POSIX->import(); require threads; }; my $tmp_dir = File::Spec->tmpdir(); my $last = $self; my @threads; push @commands, $self; for my $command (@commands) { croak sprintf "%s::serial: type of args to serial must be '%s', not '%s'", ref $self, ref $self, ref $command || $command unless ref $command eq ref $self; my $named_pipe = File::Spec->catfile( $tmp_dir, int \$command ); POSIX::mkfifo( $named_pipe, 0777 ) or croak sprintf "%s::serial: couldn't create named pipe %s: %s", ref $self, $named_pipe, $!; $last->output( { '>' => $named_pipe } ); $command->input( $named_pipe ); push @threads, threads->new( sub{ $last->run } ); $last = $command; } $_->join for @threads; } #... My specific questions: Is there an alternative to POSIX::mkfifo that is cross-platform? Win32 named pipes don't work, as you can't open those as regular files, neither do sockets, for the same reasons. The above doesn't quite work; the two threads get spawned correctly, but nothing flows across the pipe. I suppose that might have something to do with pipe deadlocking or output buffering. What throws me off is that when I run those two commands in the actual shell, everything works as expected.

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• RequestFactoryEditorDriver getting edited data after flush

  - by Deanna

  Let me start with I have a solution, but I don't really think it is elegant. So, I am looking for a cleaner way to do this. I have an EntityProxy displayed in a view panel. The view panel is a RequestFactoryEditorDriver only using display mode. The user clicks on a data element and opens a popup editor to edit a data element of the EntityProxy with a few more bits of data than is displayed in the view panel. When the user saves the element I need the view panel to update the display. I ran into a problem because the RequestFactoryEditorDriver of the popup editor flow doesn't let you get to the edited data. The driver uses the passed in context and sends it to the server. The context returned out of flush only allows a Receiver even if you cast it to the type of context you stored in the editor driver in the edit() call. It doesn't appear to send and EntityProxyChanged event either, so I couldn't listen for that and update the display view. The solution I found was to change my domain object persist to return the newly saved entity. Then create the popup editor like this editor.getSaveButtonClickHandler().addClickHandler(createSaveHandler(driver, editor)); // initialize the Driver and edit the given text. driver.initialize(rf, editor); PlayerProfileCtx ctx = rf.playerProfile(); ctx.persist().using(playerProfile).with(driver.getPaths()) .to(new Receiver<PlayerProfileProxy>(){ @Override public void onSuccess(PlayerProfileProxy profile) { editor.hide(); playerProfile = profile; viewDriver.display(playerProfile); } }); driver.edit(playerProfile, ctx); editor.centerAndShow(); Then in the save handler I just fire the context I get from the flush. While this approach works, it doesn't seem right. It would seem I should subscribe to the entitychanged event in the display view and update the entity and the view from there. Also this approach saves the complete entity, not just the changed bits, which will increase bandwidth usage. What I would think should happen, is when you flush the entity it should 'optimistically' update the rf managed version of the entity and fire the entity proxy changed event. Only reverting the entity if something went wrong in the save. The actual save should only send the changed bits. In this way there isn't a need to refetch the whole entity and send that complete data over the wire twice. Is there a better solution?

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• avoiding enums as interface identifiers c++ OOP

  - by AlasdairC

  Hi I'm working on a plugin framework using dynamic loaded shared libraries which is based on Eclipse's (and probally other's) extension-point model. All plugins share similar properties (name, id, version etc) and each plugin could in theory satisfy any extension-point. The actual plugin (ie Dll) handling is managed by another library, all I am doing really is managing collections of interfaces for the application. I started by using an enum PluginType to distinguish the different interfaces, but I have quickly realised that using template functions made the code far cleaner and would leave the grunt work up to the compiler, rather than forcing me to use lots of switch {...} statements. The only issue is where I need to specify like functionality for class members - most obvious example is the default plugin which provides a particular interface. A Settings class handles all settings, including the default plugin for an interface. ie Skin newSkin = settings.GetDefault<ISkin>(); How do I store the default ISkin in a container without resorting to some other means of identifying the interface? As I mentioned above, I currently use a std::map<PluginType, IPlugin> Settings::defaults member to achieve this (where IPlugin is an abstract base class which all plugins derive from. I can then dynamic_cast to the desired interface when required, but this really smells of bad design to me and introduces more harm than good I think. would welcome any tips edit: here's an example of the current use of default plugins typedef boost::shared_ptr<ISkin> Skin; typedef boost::shared_ptr<IPlugin> Plugin; enum PluginType { skin, ..., ... } class Settings { public: void SetDefault(const PluginType type, boost::shared_ptr<IPlugin> plugin) { m_default[type] = plugin; } boost::shared_ptr<IPlugin> GetDefault(const PluginType type) { return m_default[type]; } private: std::map<PluginType, boost::shared_ptr<IPlugin> m_default; }; SkinManager::Initialize() { Plugin thedefault = g_settings.GetDefault(skinplugin); Skin defaultskin = boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<ISkin>(theskin); defaultskin->Initialize(); } I would much rather call the getdefault as the following, with automatic casting to the derived class. However I need to specialize for every class type. template<> Skin Settings::GetDefault<ISkin>() { return boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<ISkin>(m_default(skin)); }

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• iOs receivedData from NSURLConnection is nil

  - by yhl

  I was wondering if anyone could point out why I'm not able to capture a web reply. My NSLog shows that my [NSMutableData receivedData] has a length of 0 the entire run of the connection. The script that I hit when I click my login button returns a string. My NSLog result is pasted below, and after that I've pasted both the .h and .m files that I have. NSLog Result 2012-11-28 23:35:22.083 [12548:c07] Clicked on button_login 2012-11-28 23:35:22.090 [12548:c07] theConnection is succesful 2012-11-28 23:35:22.289 [12548:c07] didReceiveResponse 2012-11-28 23:35:22.290 [12548:c07] didReceiveData 2012-11-28 23:35:22.290 [12548:c07] 0 2012-11-28 23:35:22.290 [12548:c07] connectionDidFinishLoading 2012-11-28 23:35:22.290 [12548:c07] 0 ViewController.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface ViewController : UIViewController // Create an Action for the button. - (IBAction)button_login:(id)sender; // Add property declaration. @property (nonatomic,assign) NSMutableData *receivedData; @end ViewController.m #import ViewController.h @interface ViewController () @end @implementation ViewController @synthesize receivedData; - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response { NSLog(@"didReceiveResponse"); [receivedData setLength:0]; } - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data { NSLog(@"didReceiveData"); [receivedData appendData:data]; NSLog(@"%d",[receivedData length]); } - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { NSLog(@"connectionDidFinishLoading"); NSLog(@"%d",[receivedData length]); } - (IBAction)button_login:(id)sender { NSLog(@"Clicked on button_login"); NSString *loginScriptURL = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://www.website.com/app/scripts/login.php?"]; NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:loginScriptURL]]; NSString *postString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"&paramUsername=user&paramPassword=pass"]; NSData *postData = [postString dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES]; [theRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"]; [theRequest setHTTPBody:postData]; // Create the actual connection using the request. NSURLConnection *theConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self]; // Capture the response if (theConnection) { NSLog(@"theConnection is succesful"); } else { NSLog(@"theConnection failed"); } } @end

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• SwingWorker exceptions lost even when using wrapper classes

  - by Ti Strga

  I've been struggling with the usability problem of SwingWorker eating any exceptions thrown in the background task, for example, described on this SO thread. That thread gives a nice description of the problem, but doesn't discuss recovering the original exception. The applet I've been handed needs to propagate the exception upwards. But I haven't been able to even catch it. I'm using the SimpleSwingWorker wrapper class from this blog entry specifically to try and address this issue. It's a fairly small class but I'll repost it at the end here just for reference. The calling code looks broadly like try { // lots of code here to prepare data, finishing with SpecialDataHelper helper = new SpecialDataHelper(...stuff...); helper.execute(); } catch (Throwable e) { // used "Throwable" here in desperation to try and get // anything at all to match, including unchecked exceptions // // no luck, this code is never ever used :-( } The wrappers: class SpecialDataHelper extends SimpleSwingWorker { public SpecialDataHelper (SpecialData sd) { this.stuff = etc etc etc; } public Void doInBackground() throws Exception { OurCodeThatThrowsACheckedException(this.stuff); return null; } protected void done() { // called only when successful // never reached if there's an error } } The feature of SimpleSwingWorker is that the actual SwingWorker's done()/get() methods are automatically called. This, in theory, rethrows any exceptions that happened in the background. In practice, nothing is ever caught, and I don't even know why. The SimpleSwingWorker class, for reference, and with nothing elided for brevity: import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; import javax.swing.SwingWorker; /** * A drop-in replacement for SwingWorker<Void,Void> but will not silently * swallow exceptions during background execution. * * Taken from http://jonathangiles.net/blog/?p=341 with thanks. */ public abstract class SimpleSwingWorker { private final SwingWorker<Void,Void> worker = new SwingWorker<Void,Void>() { @Override protected Void doInBackground() throws Exception { SimpleSwingWorker.this.doInBackground(); return null; } @Override protected void done() { // Exceptions are lost unless get() is called on the // originating thread. We do so here. try { get(); } catch (final InterruptedException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex); } catch (final ExecutionException ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex.getCause()); } SimpleSwingWorker.this.done(); } }; public SimpleSwingWorker() {} protected abstract Void doInBackground() throws Exception; protected abstract void done(); public void execute() { worker.execute(); } }

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• WPF textbox derived control override drag&drop OnPreviewDrop (C sharp)

  - by Petr Klus

  Hi, I have been working on my custom control derived from the TextBox and I have encountered a problem I can not solve right now. Brief description of the problem: my textbox contains plain text which contains tags which I want to keep consistent - so far I have overriden text selection so they can be selected only as a whole tag etc. Right now I have moved to processing of drag&drop. If any text is dropped on the textfield and it is dropped on the tag, I want the insertion to be moved before or after the tag. The actual problem is with setting of the e.Handled=true. If I set it to true, it almost works - the text is inserted via my routine, but it is not removed from the source. If I set it to false, after executing my method the original textbox's insertion method is run. Is there any way to alter event routing? Or am I approaching this wrong from the start? Code of my method: protected override void OnPreviewDragEnter(DragEventArgs e) { base.OnPreviewDragEnter(e); e.Handled = true; // let us draw our very own caret... } protected override void OnPreviewDrop(DragEventArgs e) { base.OnPreviewDrop(e); fieldsReady = false; int selStart = this.SelectionStart; int selLength = this.SelectionLength; string droppedData = (string)e.Data.GetData(DataFormats.StringFormat); // where to insert Point whereDropped = e.GetPosition(this); int droppedIndex = GetCharacterIndexFromPoint(whereDropped, true); if (droppedIndex == this.Text.Length - 1) { double c = GetRectFromCharacterIndex(droppedIndex).X; if (whereDropped.X > c) droppedIndex++; } // only if the source was us, do this: if (this.SelectionLength > 0) // this means that we are dragging from our textbox! { // was there any selection? if so, remove it! this.Text = this.Text.Substring(0, selStart) + this.Text.Substring(selStart + selLength); e.Handled = true; // 2DO!! alter the indices depending on the removed selection // insertion this.Text = this.Text.Substring(0, droppedIndex) + droppedData + this.Text.Substring(droppedIndex); } }

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• Can you get a Func<T> (or similar) from a MethodInfo object?

  - by Dan Tao

  I realize that, generally speaking, there are performance implications of using reflection. (I myself am not a fan of reflection at all, actually; this is a purely academic question.) Suppose there exists some class that looks like this: public class MyClass { public string GetName() { return "My Name"; } } Bear with me here. I know that if I have an instance of MyClass called x, I can call x.GetName(). Furthermore, I could set a Func<string> variable to x.GetName. Now here's my question. Let's say I don't know the above class is called MyClass; I've got some object, x, but I have no idea what it is. I could check to see if that object has a GetName method by doing this: MethodInfo getName = x.GetType().GetMethod("GetName"); Suppose getName is not null. Then couldn't I furthermore check if getName.ReturnType == typeof(string) and getName.GetParameters().Length == 0, and at this point, wouldn't I be quite certain that the method represented by my getName object could definitely be cast to a Func<string>, somehow? I realize there's a MethodInfo.Invoke, and I also realize I could always create a Func<string> like: Func<string> getNameFunc = () => getName.Invoke(x, null); I guess what I'm asking is if there's any way to go from a MethodInfo object to the actual method it represents, incurring the performance cost of reflection in the process, but after that point being able to call the method directly (via, e.g., a Func<string> or something similar) without a performance penalty. What I'm envisioning might look something like this: // obviously this would throw an exception if GetActualInstanceMethod returned // something that couldn't be cast to a Func<string> Func<string> getNameFunc = (Func<string>)getName.GetActualInstanceMethod(x); (I realize that doesn't exist; I'm wondering if there's anything like it.) If what I'm asking doesn't make sense, or if I'm being unclear, I'll be happy to attempt to clarify.

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• Drupal menu permissions question

  - by Luke

  I'm creating an admin module for my client that gives then access to some administration functionality concerning their content. I'm starting off my adding some permissions in my module by implementing hook_perm: function mymodule_perm() { return array( 'manage projects', ); } I can then create my menu by adding to the admin section that already exists: function mymodule_menu() { $items['admin/projects'] = array( 'title' => 'Projects', 'description' => 'Manage your projects.', 'page callback' => 'manage_projects_overview', 'access callback' => 'user_access', 'access arguments' => array('manage projects'), 'type' => MENU_NORMAL_ITEM, 'weight' => -100, ); $items['admin/projects/add'] = array( 'title' => 'Add project', 'access arguments' => array('manage projects'), 'page callback' => 'mymodule_projects_add', 'type' => MENU_NORMAL_ITEM, 'weight' => 1, ); return $items; } This will add a Projects section to the Administration area with an Add project sub section. All good. The behavior I want is that my client can only see the Projects section when they log in. I've accomplished this by ticking the "manage projects" permission for authenticated users. Now to give my client actual access to the Administration area I also need to tick "access administration pages" under the "system module" in the users permissions section. This works great, when I log in as my client I can only see the Projects section in the Administration area. There is one thing though, I my Navigation menu shown in the left column I can see the following items: - Administer - Projects - Content management - Site building - Site configuration - User management I was expecting only the see Administer and Projects, not the other ones. When I click e.g. Content Management I get a Content Management titled page with no options. Same for Site Building, Site Configuration and User Management. What's really odd is that Reports is not being shown which is also a top level Administration section. Why are these other items, besides my Projects section, being shown and how can I make them stop from appearing if I'm not logged in as administrator?

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• Return the Largest Span in a given Array -Core Java and Arrays Question

  - by Deepak

  Hi Stack People, Merry Christmas and hope you are in great Spirits,I have a Question in Java-Arrays as shown below.Im stuck up with this struggling to get it rite. Consider the leftmost and righmost appearances of some value in an array. We'll say that the "span" is the number of elements between the two inclusive. A single value has a span of 1. Write a **Java Function** that returns the largest span found in the given array. **Example: maxSpan({1, 2, 1, 1, 3}) ? 4,answer is 4 coz MaxSpan between 1 to 1 is 4 maxSpan({1, 4, 2, 1, 4, 1, 4}) ? 6,answer is 6 coz MaxSpan between 4 to 4 is 6 maxSpan({1, 4, 2, 1, 4, 4, 4}) ? 6,answer is 6 coz Maxspan between 4 to 4 is 6 which is greater than MaxSpan between 1 and 1 which is 4,Hence 64 answer is 6. I have the code which is not working,it includes all the Spans for a given element,im unable to find the MaxSpan for a given element. Please help me out. Results of the above Program are as shown below Expected This Run maxSpan({1, 2, 1, 1, 3}) ? 4 5 X maxSpan({1, 4, 2, 1, 4, 1, 4}) ? 6 8 X maxSpan({1, 4, 2, 1, 4, 4, 4}) ? 6 9 X maxSpan({3, 3, 3}) ? 3 5 X maxSpan({3, 9, 3}) ? 3 3 OK maxSpan({3, 9, 9}) ? 2 3 X maxSpan({3, 9}) ? 1 1 OK maxSpan({3, 3}) ? 2 3 X maxSpan({}) ? 0 1 X maxSpan({1}) ? 1 1 OK ::Code:: public int maxSpan(int[] nums) { int count=1;//keep an intial count of maxspan=1 int maxspan=0;//initialize maxspan=0 for(int i=0;i<nums.length;i++){ for(int j=i+1;j<nums.length;j++){ if(nums[i] == nums[j]){ //check to see if "i" index contents == "j" index contents count++; //increment count maxspan=count; //make maxspan as your final count int number = nums[i]; //number=actual number for maxspan } } } return maxspan+1; //return maxspan }

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• How to retrieve an input's value without the browser interpreting html special entities?

  - by CaptainQwyx

  Is there a way in JavaScript or MooTools to retrieve the actual text in the value from an input element without the browser interpreting any html special entites? Please see the example included below. My desired outcome is: <div id="output"> <p>Your text is: <b>[&lt;script&gt;alert('scrubbed');&lt;/script&gt;]</b></p> </div> Note that it works if I type/copy &lt;script&gt;alert('scrubbed');&lt;/script&gt; directly into the text input box, but fails if I insert right after loading the page. <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>scrubtest</title> </head> <body id="scrubtest" onload=""> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="/js/mootools-core.js"></script> <input type="text" name="scrubtext" value="&lt;script&gt;alert('scrubbed');&lt;/script&gt;" id="scrubtext"/><br /> <input type="button" value="Insert" onclick="insertText();"/><br /> <input type="button" value="Get via MooTools" onclick="alert($('scrubtext').get('value'));"/><br /> <input type="button" value="Get via JavaScript" onclick="alert(document.getElementById('scrubtext').value);"/><br /> <div id="output"> </div> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> function insertText() { var stext = $('scrubtext').get('value'); var result = new Element( 'p', {html: "Your text is: <b>["+stext+"]</b>"} ); result.inject($('output')); } </script> </body> </html>

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• Thread class closing from other Class (Activity) with protected void onStop() Android

  - by user1761337

  I have a Problem with Closing the Thread. I will Closing the Thread with onStop,onPause and onDestroy. This is my Source in the Activity Class: @Override protected void onStop(){ super.onStop(); finish(); } @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); finish(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { this.mWakeLock.release(); super.onDestroy(); } And the Thread Class: public class GameThread extends Thread { private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceHolder; private Handler mHandler; private Context mContext; private Paint mLinePaint; private Paint blackPaint; //for consistent rendering private long sleepTime; //amount of time to sleep for (in milliseconds) private long delay=1000/30; //state of game (Running or Paused). int state = 1; public final static int RUNNING = 1; public final static int PAUSED = 2; public final static int STOPED = 3; GameSurface gEngine; public GameThread(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder, Context context, Handler handler,GameSurface gEngineS){ //data about the screen mSurfaceHolder = surfaceHolder; mHandler = handler; mContext = context; gEngine=gEngineS; } //This is the most important part of the code. It is invoked when the call to start() is //made from the SurfaceView class. It loops continuously until the game is finished or //the application is suspended. private long beforeTime; @Override public void run() { //UPDATE while (state==RUNNING) { Log.d("State","Thread is runnig"); //time before update beforeTime = System.nanoTime(); //This is where we update the game engine gEngine.Update(); //DRAW Canvas c = null; try { //lock canvas so nothing else can use it c = mSurfaceHolder.lockCanvas(null); synchronized (mSurfaceHolder) { //clear the screen with the black painter. //reset the canvas c.drawColor(Color.BLACK); //This is where we draw the game engine. gEngine.doDraw(c); } } finally { // do this in a finally so that if an exception is thrown // during the above, we don't leave the Surface in an // inconsistent state if (c != null) { mSurfaceHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(c); } } this.sleepTime = delay-((System.nanoTime()-beforeTime)/1000000L); try { //actual sleep code if(sleepTime>0){ this.sleep(sleepTime); } } catch (InterruptedException ex) { Logger.getLogger(GameThread.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } while (state==PAUSED){ Log.d("State","Thread is pausing"); try { this.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } }} How i can close the Thread from Activity Class??

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• PHP, PEAR, and oci8 configuration

  - by zack_falcon

  I'll make this quick. I installed Oracle 11g (with appropriate database, users, etc), Apache 2.4.6, and PHP 5.5.4 on a Fedora 19 system. I wanted to connect PHP to Oracle. What I really wanted to do was to download MDB2_Driver_oci8, which I thought would be easy, but before I can do such a thing, PHP needs to have that plug-in enabled, so here's what I did: Tried to install oci8 via the following: pecl install oci8 When that didn't exactly work the first few times, I figured out I, for some reason, needed "Development tools" - via yum groupinstall "Development Tools" Then I figured out later that PHP actually doesn't do oci8 - it's PHP Devel. So, I had to install that too, via yum install php-devel. And then, I finally got to install oci8. It asked for the Oracle Directory, and that was that. But it said the following: Configuration option 'php_ini' is not set to php.ini location You should add 'extensions=oci8.so' to php.ini First, I did a locate oci8.so - found it in /usr/lib64/php/modules/ Second, I added what it told me to, to the php.ini file. Third, I checked the usual php_info() test page - no mention of OCI8. Uh-oh. Fourth, running both php -i and php -m listed oci8 as one of the modules. Weird. In desperation, I went ahead and downloaded the MDB2_Driver_oci8. Maybe that will fix things. Nope. When I loaded my PHP Webpage, it returned the following: Error message: extension oci8 is not compiled into PHP As well as: MDB2 error: not found Strange. And then I decided to check the error logs: PHP Startup - unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib64/php/modules/oci8.so' - libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 And now I'm stuck. I tried going into the php.ini, and found that the extension_dir was commented out. I put it back in, which only seemed to break stuff. Things of note: I followed this (link) guide on how to configure PHP and install oci8. ./configure --with-oci8 doesn't work. Fedora says no such directory. As both the webpage files and the actual server reside on the same PC, I did not install the Oracle Client files. The extension_dir is commented out by default in the php.ini. This is just one of my problems in a long line of problems concerning the replication of an already existing and working, but dying, setup. It seems whenever I want to solve a problem, I have to do X first. And by doing X, I uncover another problem, which I have to solve by doing Y, which has its own problems, etc, etc. Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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• Communicate progress from local Service

  - by kpdvx

  An application I'm building uses a local Service for downloading files from the web to the phone's SD card. In this app users can browse lists of books, and read them while online. A user can also download a pdf copy of a book for offline viewing. To handle downloads I'm using a locally bound Service. I do not want this Service to run all the time, only when downloading files. So that the Service can shut itself down when its tasks are complete, I am not binding to the service, rather I'm sending an "enqueue for download" command through the Intent passed to Context.startService. Books available for download are shown in a list. A user can choose to download a book by clicking on its row in the list. On download, I need to show download progress using a ProgressBar on the actual book list row. I need to also show, on the rows, if a book is enqueued for download, or if its download has completed or failed. The books can be shown in different activities throughout the application--in search, or in the user's list of favorite books, for example. When the books are shown in different places, these are not the same objects, but they are uniquely identified by their bookId. Because I do not want to bind to the service from every Activity, my tentative plan was to use a public static final HashMap on the Service class itself to contain a mapping of bookId to download status, an enum of enqueued, downloading, cancelled, etc. Each book view, when displayed, would check this static HashMap, and if the bookId is in the map, retrieve and display its status. I don't particularly like this idea, but at the moment it's the only way I can think of to retrieve status from the Service without having to bind to it and start it. Additionally I need to retrieve download progress percent from the Service, for a given bookId, if it is the active download. Again I'd rather not bind to the service from every activity, so I'm not sure how to go about retrieving current progress from the Service. My current plan is to use some sort of singleton mediator, that the Service will push updates to, and the views can read from. But I'm not terribly happy with this idea. The reason I'd like to avoid binding to the Service from each Activity is 1.) I'm already running another Service and 2.) binding is verbose and I'd like to avoid needing to pass around a reference to the Service (but admittedly this isn't too much of a problem). Perhaps binding to the local Service isn't expensive enough to warrant this other setup? Should I not be concerned about binding to it from each Activity? Maybe this is a non-issue?

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• Are there any CMS editors out there which users can populate locked down HTML templates with content

  - by Deep

  Hi there, We work in email marketing, creating HTML/TEXT emails for clients. In essence we design HTML email templates for our clients. Clients then post us content (via a form) to populate these templates before we send them out. Right now we do this manually, basically cutting and pasting the content from their submitted form into the relevant parts of the template, which is time consuming and particularly mind-numbing. What we're looking for (and have so far been unable to find) is a simple system which will allow us to capture this client content in a sort of WYSIWYG HTML format. Basically they populate a locked down version of the template, entering text where necessary, before submitting to us. This is our most basic requirement, and a friend of mine kindly demo'd a proof of concept here: http://advantageone.co.uk/mbe/ Note: If you click on a text area in the body of the template, an editor pop ups. Now what we are looking for a CMS editor out there which can be easily adapted to do the above and the following for our end clients? User login View previously submitted campaigns that they have created and edit these Create new - selecting from template (assigned to their user/client id), perhaps being able to add new rows to the template. And have these HTML templates locked down so they can only edit what they're allowed too (like in the demo above), and perhaps make some areas required. Perhaps have a simple workflow or approval built in Allow us to lock submitted campaigns after a point so they can't be further edited, and as administrators view all campaigns from all users Be so incredibly simple, with any extraneous functionality switched off Essentially an extremley simple stripped down CMS, but we use the outputted HTML for sending out as an email, rather than publishing onto the web. Now to the actual dilemma: we're looking for something really simple, and the above sounds like a CMS. But we haven't been able to find anything that already does, or can be easily adapted to do this. Everything is either too complex, or simple and inflexible. We're sure there must be something off the shelf available, rather than us coding something ourselves. But we've kind of got stuck. Does anyone know of a system, or could recommend a system that can do the above out of the box, or with a few days tweaking? Forgive me if this is a little disjointed, if I'm being incredibly dopey and there is something out there please let me know! Kind regards, Dp.

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• [C] Programming problem: Storing values of an array in one variable

  - by OldMacDonald

  Hello, I am trying to use md5 code to calculate checksums of file. Now the given function prints out the (previously calculated) checksum on screen, but I want to store it in a variable, to be able to compare it later on. I guess the main problem is that I want to store the content of an array in one variable. How can I manage that? Probably this is a very stupid question, but maybe somone can help. Below is the function to print out the value. I want to modify it to store the result in one variable. static void MDPrint (mdContext) MD5_CTX *mdContext; { int i; for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { printf ("%02x", mdContext->digest[i]); } // end of for } // end of function For reasons of completeness the used struct: /* typedef a 32 bit type */ typedef unsigned long int UINT4; /* Data structure for MD5 (Message Digest) computation */ typedef struct { UINT4 i[2]; /* number of _bits_ handled mod 2^64 */ UINT4 buf[4]; /* scratch buffer */ unsigned char in[64]; /* input buffer */ unsigned char digest[16]; /* actual digest after MD5Final call */ } MD5_CTX; and the used function to calculate the checksum: static int MDFile (filename) char *filename; { FILE *inFile = fopen (filename, "rb"); MD5_CTX mdContext; int bytes; unsigned char data[1024]; if (inFile == NULL) { printf ("%s can't be opened.\n", filename); return -1; } // end of if MD5Init (&mdContext); while ((bytes = fread (data, 1, 1024, inFile)) != 0) MD5Update (&mdContext, data, bytes); MD5Final (&mdContext); MDPrint (&mdContext); printf (" %s\n", filename); fclose (inFile); return 0; }

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• glReadPixels() returning non-accurate value

  - by max

  I'm trying to implement the flood fill algorithm. But glReadPixels() is returning float RGB values of a pixel which are slightly different from the actual value set by me, causing the algorithm to fail. Why is this happening? Outputting returned RGB values to check. #include<iostream> #include<GL/glut.h> using namespace std; float boundaryColor[3]={0,0,0}, interiorColor[3]={0,0,0.5}, fillColor[3]={1,0,0}; float readPixel[3]; void init(void) { glClearColor(0,0,0.5,0); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); gluOrtho2D(0,500,0,500); } void setPixel(int x,int y) { glColor3fv(fillColor); glBegin(GL_POINTS); glVertex2f(x,y); glEnd(); } void getPixel(int x, int y, float *color) { glReadPixels(x,y,1,1,GL_RGB,GL_FLOAT,color); } void floodFill(int x,int y) { getPixel(x,y,readPixel); //outputting values here to check cout<<readPixel[0]<<endl; cout<<readPixel[1]<<endl; cout<<readPixel[2]<<endl; if( readPixel[0]==interiorColor[0] && readPixel[1]==interiorColor[1] && readPixel[2]==interiorColor[2] ) { setPixel(x,y); floodFill(x+1,y); floodFill(x,y+1); floodFill(x-1,y); floodFill(x,y-1); } } void display() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3fv(boundaryColor); glLineWidth(3); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glVertex2i(150,150); glVertex2i(150,350); glVertex2i(350,350); glVertex2i(350,150); glVertex2i(150,150); glEnd(); floodFill(200,200); glFlush(); } int main(int argc,char** argv) { glutInit(&argc,argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); glutInitWindowSize(500,500); glutCreateWindow("Flood fill"); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); }

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• Binding one dependency property to another

  - by Gregory Dodd

  I have a custom Tab Control that I have created, but I am having an issue. I have an Editable TextBox as part of the custom TabControl View. <Controls:EditableTextControl x:Name="PageTypeName" Style="{StaticResource ResourceKey={x:Type Controls:EditableTextControl}}" Grid.Row="0" TabIndex="0" Uid="0" AutomationProperties.AutomationId="PageTypeNameTextBox" AutomationProperties.Name="PageTypeName" Visibility="{Binding ElementName=PageTabControl,Path=ShowPageType}"> <Controls:EditableTextControl.ContextMenu> <ContextMenu x:Name="TabContextMenu"> <MenuItem Header="Rename Page Type" Command="{Binding Path=PlacementTarget.EnterEditMode, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=ContextMenu}}" AutomationProperties.AutomationId="RenamePageTypeMenuItem" AutomationProperties.Name="RenamePageType"/> <MenuItem Header="Delete Page Type" Command="{Binding Path=PageTypeDeletedCommand}" AutomationProperties.AutomationId="DeletePageTypeMenuItem" AutomationProperties.Name="DeletePageType"/> </ContextMenu> </Controls:EditableTextControl.ContextMenu> <Controls:EditableTextControl.Content> <!--<Binding Path="CurrentPageTypeViewModel.Name" Mode="TwoWay"/>--> <Binding ElementName="PageTabControl" Path="CurrentPageTypeName" Mode ="TwoWay"/> </Controls:EditableTextControl.Content> </Controls:EditableTextControl> In the Content section I am binding to a Dependency Prop called CurrentPageTypeName. This Depedency prop is part of this custom Tab Control. public static DependencyProperty CurrentPageTypeNameProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("CurrentPageTypeName", typeof(object), typeof(TabControlView)); public object CurrentPageTypeName { get { return GetValue(CurrentPageTypeNameProperty) as object; } set { SetValue(CurrentPageTypeNameProperty, value); } } In another view, where I am using the custom TabControl I then bind my property, with the actual name value, to CurrentPageTypeName property as seen below: <Views:TabControlView Grid.Row="0" Name="RunPageTabControl" TabItemsSource="{Binding RunPageTypeViewModels}" SelectedTab="{Binding Converter={StaticResource debugConverter}}" CurrentPageTypeName="{Binding Path=RunPageName, Mode=TwoWay}" TabContentTemplateSelector="{StaticResource tabItemTemplateSelector}" SelectedIndex="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type UserControl}}, Path=DataContext.SelectedTabIndex}" ShowPageType="Hidden" > <!--<Views:TabControlView.TabContentTemplate> <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type ViewModels:RunPageTypeViewModel}"> <RunViews:RunPageTypeView/> </DataTemplate> </Views:TabControlView.TabContentTemplate>--> </Views:TabControlView> My problem is that nothing seems to be happening. It is grabbing its Content from the Itemsource, and not from my chained Dependency props. Is what I am trying even possible? If so, what have I done wrong. Thanks for looking.

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• C# Different class objects in one list

  - by jeah_wicer

  I have looked around some now to find a solution to this problem. I found several ways that could solve it but to be honest I didn't realize which of the ways that would be considered the "right" C# or OOP way of solving it. My goal is not only to solve the problems but also to develop a good set of code standards and I'm fairly sure there's a standard way to handle this problem. Let's say I have 2 types of printer hardwares with their respective classes and ways of communicating: PrinterType1, PrinterType2. I would also like to be able to later on add another type if neccessary. One step up in abstraction those have much in common. It should be possible to send a string to each one of them as an example. They both have variables in common and variables unique to each class. (One for instance communicates via COM-port and has such an object, while the other one communicates via TCP and has such an object). I would however like to just implement a List of all those printers and be able to go through the list and perform things as "Send(string message)" on all Printers regardless of type. I would also like to access variables like "PrinterList[0].Name" that are the same for both objects, however I would also at some places like to access data that is specific to the object itself (For instance in the settings window of the application where the COM-port name is set for one object and the IP/port number for another). So, in short something like: In common: Name Send() Specific to PrinterType1: Port Specific to PrinterType2: IP And I wish to, for instance, do Send() on all objects regardless of type and the number of objects present. I've read about polymorphism, Generics, interfaces and such, but I would like to know how this, in my eyes basic, problem typically would be dealt with in C# (and/or OOP in general). I actually did try to make a base class, but it didn't quite seem right to me. For instance I have no use of a "string Send(string Message)" function in the base class itself. So why would I define one there that needs to be overridden in the derived classes when I would never use the function in the base class ever in the first place? I'm really thankful for any answers. People around here seem very knowledgeable and this place has provided me with many solutions earlier. Now I finally have an account to answer and vote with too. EDIT: To additionally explain, I would also like to be able to access the objects of the actual printertype. For instance the Port variable in PrinterType1 which is a SerialPort object. I would like to access it like: PrinterList[0].Port.Open() and have access to the full range of functionality of the underlaying port. At the same time I would like to call generic functions that work in the same way for the different objects (but with different implementations): foreach (printer in Printers) printer.Send(message)

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• Where can I find "canonical" sample programs that give quick refreshers for any given language? [on hold]

  - by acheong87

  Note to those close-voting this question: I understand this isn't a conventional programming question and I can agree with the reasoning that it's in the subjective domain (like best-of lists). In other ways though I think it's appropriate because, though it's not a "a specific programming problem," nor concerning "a software algorithm", nor (strictly) concerning "software tools commonly used by programmers", I think it is a "practical, answerable [problem that is] unique to the programming profession," and I think it is "based on an actual [problem I] face." I've been wanting this for some time now, because both approaches of (a) Googling for samples as I write every other line of code and (b) just winging it and seeing what errors crop up, distract me from coding efficiently. This note will be removed if the question gains popularity; this question will be deleted otherwise. I spend most of my time developing in C++, PHP, or Javascript, and every once in a while I have to do something in, say, VBA. In those times, it'd be convenient if I could just put up some sample code on a second monitor, something in between a cheat sheet (often too compact; and doesn't resemble anything that could actually compile/run), and a language reference (often too verbose, or segmented; requires extra steps to search or click through an index), so I can just glance at it and recall things, like how to loop through non-empty cells in a column. I think there's a hidden benefit to seeing formed code, that triggers the right spots in our brains to get back into a language we only need to brush up on. Similar in spirit is how http://ideone.com lets you click "Template" in any given language so you can get started without even doing a search. That template alone tells a lot, sometimes! Case-sensitivity, whitespace conventions, identifier conventions, the spelling of certain types, etc. I couldn't find a resource that pulled together such samples, so if there indeed doesn't exist such a repository, I was hoping this question would inspire professionals and experts to contribute links to the most useful sample code they've used for just this purpose: a keep-on-the-side, form-as-well-as-content, compilable/executable, reminder of a language's basic and oft-used features. Personally I am interested in seeing "samplers" for: VBA, Perl, Python, Java, C# (though for some of these autocompleters in Eclipse, Visual Studio, etc. help enough), awk, and sed. I'm tagging c++, php, and javascript because these are languages for which I'd best be able to evaluate whether proffered sample code matches what I had in mind.

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