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  • DirectX 11 Constant Buffers vs Effect Framework

    - by Alex
    I'm having some trouble understanding the differences between using constant buffers or using the effect framework of DirectX11 for updating shader constants. From what I understand they both do exactly the same thing, although from reading the documentation it appears as if using effects is meant to be 'easier'. However they seem the same to me, one uses VSSetConstantBuffers and the other GetConstantBufferByName. Is there something I'm missing here?

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  • How do I get a new license for gDEBugger after the 1 free year?

    - by Byte56
    I downloaded the gDEBugger from gremedy over a year ago, with their one year free license. The license has since expired and their site says that I'll be presented with the option for 1 year free license the first time I run it after install. This doesn't happen when re-installing, it just tells me the license has expired. How do I get a new license? I use this regularly for debugging shader problems and performance testing my game.

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  • Are these non-standard applications of rendering practical in games?

    - by maul
    I've recently got into 3D and I came up with a few different "tricky" rendering techniques. Unfortunately I don't have the time to work on this myself, but I'd like to know if these are known methods and if they can be used in practice. Hybrid rendering Now I know that ray-tracing is still not fast enough for real-time rendering, at least on home computers. I also know that hybrid rendering (a combination of rasterization and ray-tracing) is a well known theory. However I had the following idea: one could separate a scene into "important" and "not important" objects. First you render the "not important" objects using traditional rasterization. In this pass you also render the "important" objects using a special shader that simply marks these parts on the image using a special color, or some stencil/depth buffer trickery. Then in the second pass you read back the results of the first pass and start ray tracing, but only from the pixels that were marked by the "important" object's shader. This would allow you to only ray-trace exactly what you need to. Could this be fast enough for real-time effects? Rendered physics I'm specifically talking about bullet physics - intersection of a very small object (point/bullet) that travels across a straight line with other, relatively slow-moving, fairly constant objects. More specifically: hit detection. My idea is that you could render the scene from the point of view of the gun (or the bullet). Every object in the scene would draw a different color. You only need to render a 1x1 pixel window - the center of the screen (again, from the gun's point of view). Then you simply check that central pixel and the color tells you what you hit. This is pixel-perfect hit detection based on the graphical representation of objects, which is not common in games. Afaik traditional OpenGL "picking" is a similar method. This could be extended in a few ways: For larger (non-bullet) objects you render a larger portion of the screen. If you put a special-colored plane in the middle of the scene (exactly where the bullet will be after the current frame) you get a method that works as the traditional slow-moving iterative physics test as well. You could simulate objects that the bullet can pass through (with decreased velocity) using alpha blending or some similar trick. So are these techniques in use anywhere, and/or are they practical at all?

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  • Comparison of the multiprocessing module and pyro?

    - by fivebells
    I use pyro for basic management of parallel jobs on a compute cluster. I just moved to a cluster where I will be responsible for using all the cores on each compute node. (On previous clusters, each core has been a separate node.) The python multiprocessing module seems like a good fit for this. I notice it can also be used for remote-process communication. If anyone has used both frameworks for remote-process communication, I'd be grateful to hear how they stack up against each other. The obvious benefit of the multiprocessing module is that it's built-in from 2.6. Apart from that, it's hard for me to tell which is better.

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  • Event Handlers Not Getting Called? - wxWidgets

    - by Alex
    Hello all, I'm working on a program for my C++ programming class, using wxWidgets. I'm having a huge problem in that my event handlers (I assume) are not getting called, because when I click on the button to trigger the event, nothing happens. My question is: Can you help me find the problem and explain why they would not be getting called? The event handlers OnAbout and OnQuit are working, just not OnCompute or OnClear. I'm really frustrated as I can't figure this out. Thanks a bunch in advance! #include "wx/wx.h" #include "time.h" #include <string> using std::string; // create object of Time class Time first; class App: public wxApp { virtual bool OnInit(); }; class MainPanel : public wxPanel { public: // Constructor for panel class // Constructs my panel class // Params - wxWindow pointer // no return type // pre-conditions: none // post-conditions: none MainPanel(wxWindow* parent); // OnCompute is the event handler for the Compute button // params - none // preconditions - none // postconditions - tasks will have been carried otu successfully // returns void void OnCompute(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)); // OnClear is the event handler for the Clear button // params - none // preconditions - none // postconditions - all text areas will be cleared of data // returns void void OnClear(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)); // Destructor for panel class // params none // preconditions - none // postconditions - none // no return type ~MainPanel( ); private: wxStaticText *startLabel; wxStaticText *endLabel; wxStaticText *pCLabel; wxStaticText *newEndLabel; wxTextCtrl *start; wxTextCtrl *end; wxTextCtrl *pC; wxTextCtrl *newEnd; wxButton *compute; wxButton *clear; DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() }; class MainFrame: public wxFrame { private: wxPanel *mainPanel; public: MainFrame(const wxString& title, const wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size); void OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& event); void OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& event); ~MainFrame(); DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() }; enum { ID_Quit = 1, ID_About, BUTTON_COMPUTE = 100, BUTTON_CLEAR = 200 }; IMPLEMENT_APP(App) BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MainFrame, wxFrame) EVT_MENU(ID_Quit, MainFrame::OnQuit) EVT_MENU(ID_About, MainFrame::OnAbout) END_EVENT_TABLE() BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MainPanel, wxPanel) EVT_MENU(BUTTON_COMPUTE, MainPanel::OnCompute) EVT_MENU(BUTTON_CLEAR, MainPanel::OnClear) END_EVENT_TABLE() bool App::OnInit() { MainFrame *frame = new MainFrame( _("Good Guys Delivery Time Calculator"), wxPoint(50, 50), wxSize(450,340) ); frame->Show(true); SetTopWindow(frame); return true; } MainPanel::MainPanel(wxWindow* parent) : wxPanel(parent) { startLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "Start Time:", wxPoint(75, 35)); start = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(135, 35), wxSize(40, 21)); endLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "End Time:", wxPoint(200, 35)); end = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 35), wxSize(40, 21)); pCLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "Percent Change:", wxPoint(170, 85)); pC = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 85), wxSize(40, 21)); newEndLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "New End Time:", wxPoint(180, 130)); newEnd = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 130), wxSize(40, 21)); compute = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_COMPUTE, "Compute", wxPoint(135, 185), wxSize(75, 35)); clear = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_CLEAR, "Clear", wxPoint(230, 185), wxSize(75, 35)); } MainPanel::~MainPanel() {} MainFrame::MainFrame(const wxString& title, const wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size) : wxFrame( NULL, -1, title, pos, size ) { mainPanel = new MainPanel(this); wxMenu *menuFile = new wxMenu; menuFile->Append( ID_About, _("&About...") ); menuFile->AppendSeparator(); menuFile->Append( ID_Quit, _("E&xit") ); wxMenuBar *menuBar = new wxMenuBar; menuBar->Append( menuFile, _("&File") ); SetMenuBar( menuBar ); CreateStatusBar(); SetStatusText( _("Hi") ); } MainFrame::~MainFrame() {} void MainFrame::OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { Close(TRUE); } void MainFrame::OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { wxMessageBox( _("Alex Olson\nProject 11"), _("About"), wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION, this); } void MainPanel::OnCompute(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { int startT; int endT; int newEndT; double tD; wxString startTString = start->GetValue(); wxString endTString = end->GetValue(); startT = wxAtoi(startTString); endT = wxAtoi(endTString); pC->GetValue().ToDouble(&tD); first.SetStartTime(startT); first.SetEndTime(endT); first.SetTimeDiff(tD); try { first.ValidateData(); newEndT = first.ComputeEndTime(); *newEnd << newEndT; } catch (BaseException& e) { wxMessageBox(_(e.GetMessage()), _("Something Went Wrong!"), wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION, this); } } void MainPanel::OnClear(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { start->Clear(); end->Clear(); pC->Clear(); newEnd->Clear(); }

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  • Java RMI (Server: TCP Connection Idle/Client: Unmarshalexception (EOFException))

    - by Perry Dahl Christensen
    I'm trying to implement Sun Tutorials RMI application that calculates Pi. I'm having some serious problems and I cant find the solution eventhough I've been searching the entire web and several javaskilled people. I'm hoping you can put an end to my frustrations. The crazy thing is that I can run the application from the cmd on my desktop computer. Trying the exact same thing with the exact same code in the exact same directories on my laptop produces the following errors. The problem occures when I try to connect the client to the server. I don't believe that the error is due to my policyfile as I can run it on the desktop. It must be elsewhere. Have anyone tried the same and can you give me a hint as to where my problem is, please? POLICYFILE SERVER: grant { permission java.security.AllPermissions; permission java.net.SocketPermission"*", "connect, resolve"; }; POLICYFILE CLIENT: grant { permission java.security.AllPermissions; permission java.net.SocketPermission"*", "connect, resolve"; }; SERVERSIDE ERRORS: Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600] (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp. C:\Documents and Settings\STUDENTcd\ C:start rmiregistry C:java -cp c:\java;c:\java\compute.jar -Djava.rmi.server.codebase=file:/c:/jav a/compute.jar -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=localhost -Djava.security.policy=c:/jav a/servertest.policy engine.ComputeEngine ComputeEngine bound Exception in thread "RMI TCP Connection(idle)" java.security.AccessControlExcept ion: access denied (java.net.SocketPermission 127.0.0.1:1440 accept,resolve) at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkAccept(Unknown Source) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.checkAcceptPermi ssion(Unknown Source) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.checkAcceptPermission(Unknown Sour ce) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Unknown Source) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(Unknown Source) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(Unknown Sou rce) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(Unknown Sour ce) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source ) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) CLIENTSIDE ERRORS: Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600] (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp. C:\Documents and Settings\STUDENTcd\ C:java -cp c:\java;c:\java\compute.jar -Djava.rmi.server.codebase=file:\C:\jav a\files\ -Djava.security.policy=c:/java/clienttest.policy client.ComputePi local host 45 ComputePi exception: java.rmi.UnmarshalException: Error unmarshaling return header; nested exception is: java.io.EOFException at sun.rmi.transport.StreamRemoteCall.executeCall(Unknown Source) at sun.rmi.server.UnicastRef.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.rmi.server.RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.invokeRemoteMethod(Unkn own Source) at java.rmi.server.RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.invoke(Unknown Source) at $Proxy0.executeTask(Unknown Source) at client.ComputePi.main(ComputePi.java:18) Caused by: java.io.EOFException at java.io.DataInputStream.readByte(Unknown Source) ... 6 more C: Thanks in advance Perry

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  • Computing MD5SUM of large files in C#

    - by spkhaira
    I am using following code to compute MD5SUM of a file - byte[] b = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(file); string sum = BitConverter.ToString(new MD5CryptoServiceProvider().ComputeHash(b)); This works fine normally, but if I encounter a large file (~1GB) - e.g. an iso image or a DVD VOB file - I get an Out of Memory exception. Though, I am able to compute the MD5SUM in cygwin for the same file in about 10secs. Please suggest how can I get this to work for big files in my program. Thanks

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  • Event Handlers Not Getting Called? - wxWidgets & C++

    - by Alex
    Hello all, I'm working on a program for my C++ programming class, using wxWidgets. I'm having a huge problem in that my event handlers (I assume) are not getting called, because when I click on the button to trigger the event, nothing happens. My question is: Can you help me find the problem and explain why they would not be getting called? The event handlers OnAbout and OnQuit are working, just not OnCompute or OnClear. I'm really frustrated as I can't figure this out. Thanks a bunch in advance! #include "wx/wx.h" #include "time.h" #include <string> using std::string; // create object of Time class Time first; class App: public wxApp { virtual bool OnInit(); }; class MainPanel : public wxPanel { public: // Constructor for panel class // Constructs my panel class // Params - wxWindow pointer // no return type // pre-conditions: none // post-conditions: none MainPanel(wxWindow* parent); // OnCompute is the event handler for the Compute button // params - none // preconditions - none // postconditions - tasks will have been carried otu successfully // returns void void OnCompute(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)); // OnClear is the event handler for the Clear button // params - none // preconditions - none // postconditions - all text areas will be cleared of data // returns void void OnClear(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)); // Destructor for panel class // params none // preconditions - none // postconditions - none // no return type ~MainPanel( ); private: wxStaticText *startLabel; wxStaticText *endLabel; wxStaticText *pCLabel; wxStaticText *newEndLabel; wxTextCtrl *start; wxTextCtrl *end; wxTextCtrl *pC; wxTextCtrl *newEnd; wxButton *compute; wxButton *clear; DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() }; class MainFrame: public wxFrame { private: wxPanel *mainPanel; public: MainFrame(const wxString& title, const wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size); void OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& event); void OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& event); ~MainFrame(); DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() }; enum { ID_Quit = 1, ID_About, BUTTON_COMPUTE = 100, BUTTON_CLEAR = 200 }; IMPLEMENT_APP(App) BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MainFrame, wxFrame) EVT_MENU(ID_Quit, MainFrame::OnQuit) EVT_MENU(ID_About, MainFrame::OnAbout) END_EVENT_TABLE() BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MainPanel, wxPanel) EVT_MENU(BUTTON_COMPUTE, MainPanel::OnCompute) EVT_MENU(BUTTON_CLEAR, MainPanel::OnClear) END_EVENT_TABLE() bool App::OnInit() { MainFrame *frame = new MainFrame( _("Good Guys Delivery Time Calculator"), wxPoint(50, 50), wxSize(450,340) ); frame->Show(true); SetTopWindow(frame); return true; } MainPanel::MainPanel(wxWindow* parent) : wxPanel(parent) { startLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "Start Time:", wxPoint(75, 35)); start = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(135, 35), wxSize(40, 21)); endLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "End Time:", wxPoint(200, 35)); end = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 35), wxSize(40, 21)); pCLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "Percent Change:", wxPoint(170, 85)); pC = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 85), wxSize(40, 21)); newEndLabel = new wxStaticText(this, -1, "New End Time:", wxPoint(180, 130)); newEnd = new wxTextCtrl(this, -1, "", wxPoint(260, 130), wxSize(40, 21)); compute = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_COMPUTE, "Compute", wxPoint(135, 185), wxSize(75, 35)); clear = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_CLEAR, "Clear", wxPoint(230, 185), wxSize(75, 35)); } MainPanel::~MainPanel() {} MainFrame::MainFrame(const wxString& title, const wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size) : wxFrame( NULL, -1, title, pos, size ) { mainPanel = new MainPanel(this); wxMenu *menuFile = new wxMenu; menuFile->Append( ID_About, _("&About...") ); menuFile->AppendSeparator(); menuFile->Append( ID_Quit, _("E&xit") ); wxMenuBar *menuBar = new wxMenuBar; menuBar->Append( menuFile, _("&File") ); SetMenuBar( menuBar ); CreateStatusBar(); SetStatusText( _("Hi") ); } MainFrame::~MainFrame() {} void MainFrame::OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { Close(TRUE); } void MainFrame::OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { wxMessageBox( _("Alex Olson\nProject 11"), _("About"), wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION, this); } void MainPanel::OnCompute(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { int startT; int endT; int newEndT; double tD; wxString startTString = start->GetValue(); wxString endTString = end->GetValue(); startT = wxAtoi(startTString); endT = wxAtoi(endTString); pC->GetValue().ToDouble(&tD); first.SetStartTime(startT); first.SetEndTime(endT); first.SetTimeDiff(tD); try { first.ValidateData(); newEndT = first.ComputeEndTime(); *newEnd << newEndT; } catch (BaseException& e) { wxMessageBox(_(e.GetMessage()), _("Something Went Wrong!"), wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION, this); } } void MainPanel::OnClear(wxCommandEvent& WXUNUSED(event)) { start->Clear(); end->Clear(); pC->Clear(); newEnd->Clear(); }

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  • Mpi function define

    - by Simone
    I wrote a program in c using MPI (Message Passing Inteface) that compute recursively the inverse of a lower triangular matrix. Every cpu sends 2 submatrices to other two cpus, they compute them and they give them back to the cpu caller. When the cpu caller has its submatrices it has to perform a matrix multiplication. In the recurrence equation the bottle neck is matrix multiplication. I implemented parallel multiplication with mpi in c but i'm not able to embed it into a function. Is it possible? thanks, Simone

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  • computing z-scores for 2D matrices in scipy/numpy in Python

    - by user248237
    How can I compute the z-score for matrices in Python? Suppose I have the array: a = array([[ 1, 2, 3], [ 30, 35, 36], [2000, 6000, 8000]]) and I want to compute the z-score for each row. The solution I came up with is: array([zs(item) for item in a]) where zs is in scipy.stats.stats. Is there a better built-in vectorized way to do this? Also, is it always good to z-score numbers before using hierarchical clustering with euclidean or seuclidean distance? Can anyone discuss the relative advantages/disadvantages? thanks.

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  • How can I turn a string of text into a BigInteger representation for use in an El Gamal cryptosystem

    - by angstrom91
    I'm playing with the El Gamal cryptosystem, and my goal is to be able to encipher and decipher long sequences of text. I have come up with a method that works for short sequences, but does not work for long sequences, and I cannot figure out why. El Gamal requires the plaintext to be an integer. I have turned my string into a byte[] using the .getBytes() method for Strings, and then created a BigInteger out of the byte[]. After encryption/decryption, I turn the BigInteger into a byte[] using the .toByteArray() method for BigIntegers, and then create a new String object from the byte[]. This works perfectly when i call ElGamalEncipher with strings up to 129 characters. With 130 or more characters, the output produced is garbled. Can someone suggest how to solve this issue? Is this an issue with my method of turning the string into a BigInteger? If so, is there a better way to turn my string of text into a BigInteger and back? Below is my encipher/decipher code. public static BigInteger[] ElGamalEncipher(String plaintext, BigInteger p, BigInteger g, BigInteger r) { // returns a BigInteger[] cipherText // cipherText[0] is c // cipherText[1] is d BigInteger[] cipherText = new BigInteger[2]; BigInteger pText = new BigInteger(plaintext.getBytes()); // 1: select a random integer k such that 1 <= k <= p-2 BigInteger k = new BigInteger(p.bitLength() - 2, sr); // 2: Compute c = g^k(mod p) BigInteger c = g.modPow(k, p); // 3: Compute d= P*r^k = P(g^a)^k(mod p) BigInteger d = pText.multiply(r.modPow(k, p)).mod(p); // C =(c,d) is the ciphertext cipherText[0] = c; cipherText[1] = d; return cipherText; } public static String ElGamalDecipher(BigInteger c, BigInteger d, BigInteger a, BigInteger p) { //returns the plaintext enciphered as (c,d) // 1: use the private key a to compute the least non-negative residue // of an inverse of (c^a)' (mod p) BigInteger z = c.modPow(a, p).modInverse(p); BigInteger P = z.multiply(d).mod(p); byte[] plainTextArray = P.toByteArray(); String output = null; try { output = new String(plainTextArray, "UTF8"); } catch (Exception e) { } return output; }

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  • Interpolation of time series data in R

    - by Pierreten
    I'm not sure what i'm missing here, but i'm basically trying to compute interpolated values for a time series; when I directly plot the series, constraining the interpolation points with "interpolation.date.vector", the plot is correct: plot(date.vector,fact.vector,ylab='Quantity') lines(spline(date.vector,fact.vector,xout=interpolation.date.vector)) When I compute the interpolation, store it in an intermediate variable, and then plot the results; I get a radically incorrect result: intepolated.values <- spline(date.vector,fact.vector,xout=interpolation.date.vector) plot(intepolated.values$x,intepolated.values$y) lines(testinterp$x,testinterp$y) Doesn't the lines() function have to execute the spline() function to retrieve the interpolated points in the same way i'm doing it?

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  • Is Matlab faster than Python?

    - by kame
    I want to compute magnetic fields of some conductors using the biot-savart-law and I want to use a 1000x1000x1000 matrix. Before I use Matlab, but now I want to use Python. Is Python slower than Matlab? How can I make Python faster? EDIT: Maybe the best way is to compute the big array with c/c++ and then transfering them to python. I want to visualise then with VPython. EDIT2: Could somebody give an advice for which is better in my case: C or C++?

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  • python- scipy optimization

    - by pear
    In scipy fmin_slsqp (Sequential Least Squares Quadratic Programming), I tried reading the code 'slsqp.py' provided with the scipy package, to find what are the criteria to get the exit_modes 0? I cannot find which statements in the code produce this exit mode? Please help me 'slsqp.py' code as follows, exit_modes = { -1 : "Gradient evaluation required (g & a)", 0 : "Optimization terminated successfully.", 1 : "Function evaluation required (f & c)", 2 : "More equality constraints than independent variables", 3 : "More than 3*n iterations in LSQ subproblem", 4 : "Inequality constraints incompatible", 5 : "Singular matrix E in LSQ subproblem", 6 : "Singular matrix C in LSQ subproblem", 7 : "Rank-deficient equality constraint subproblem HFTI", 8 : "Positive directional derivative for linesearch", 9 : "Iteration limit exceeded" } def fmin_slsqp( func, x0 , eqcons=[], f_eqcons=None, ieqcons=[], f_ieqcons=None, bounds = [], fprime = None, fprime_eqcons=None, fprime_ieqcons=None, args = (), iter = 100, acc = 1.0E-6, iprint = 1, full_output = 0, epsilon = _epsilon ): # Now do a lot of function wrapping # Wrap func feval, func = wrap_function(func, args) # Wrap fprime, if provided, or approx_fprime if not if fprime: geval, fprime = wrap_function(fprime,args) else: geval, fprime = wrap_function(approx_fprime,(func,epsilon)) if f_eqcons: # Equality constraints provided via f_eqcons ceval, f_eqcons = wrap_function(f_eqcons,args) if fprime_eqcons: # Wrap fprime_eqcons geval, fprime_eqcons = wrap_function(fprime_eqcons,args) else: # Wrap approx_jacobian geval, fprime_eqcons = wrap_function(approx_jacobian, (f_eqcons,epsilon)) else: # Equality constraints provided via eqcons[] eqcons_prime = [] for i in range(len(eqcons)): eqcons_prime.append(None) if eqcons[i]: # Wrap eqcons and eqcons_prime ceval, eqcons[i] = wrap_function(eqcons[i],args) geval, eqcons_prime[i] = wrap_function(approx_fprime, (eqcons[i],epsilon)) if f_ieqcons: # Inequality constraints provided via f_ieqcons ceval, f_ieqcons = wrap_function(f_ieqcons,args) if fprime_ieqcons: # Wrap fprime_ieqcons geval, fprime_ieqcons = wrap_function(fprime_ieqcons,args) else: # Wrap approx_jacobian geval, fprime_ieqcons = wrap_function(approx_jacobian, (f_ieqcons,epsilon)) else: # Inequality constraints provided via ieqcons[] ieqcons_prime = [] for i in range(len(ieqcons)): ieqcons_prime.append(None) if ieqcons[i]: # Wrap ieqcons and ieqcons_prime ceval, ieqcons[i] = wrap_function(ieqcons[i],args) geval, ieqcons_prime[i] = wrap_function(approx_fprime, (ieqcons[i],epsilon)) # Transform x0 into an array. x = asfarray(x0).flatten() # Set the parameters that SLSQP will need # meq = The number of equality constraints if f_eqcons: meq = len(f_eqcons(x)) else: meq = len(eqcons) if f_ieqcons: mieq = len(f_ieqcons(x)) else: mieq = len(ieqcons) # m = The total number of constraints m = meq + mieq # la = The number of constraints, or 1 if there are no constraints la = array([1,m]).max() # n = The number of independent variables n = len(x) # Define the workspaces for SLSQP n1 = n+1 mineq = m - meq + n1 + n1 len_w = (3*n1+m)*(n1+1)+(n1-meq+1)*(mineq+2) + 2*mineq+(n1+mineq)*(n1-meq) \ + 2*meq + n1 +(n+1)*n/2 + 2*m + 3*n + 3*n1 + 1 len_jw = mineq w = zeros(len_w) jw = zeros(len_jw) # Decompose bounds into xl and xu if len(bounds) == 0: bounds = [(-1.0E12, 1.0E12) for i in range(n)] elif len(bounds) != n: raise IndexError, \ 'SLSQP Error: If bounds is specified, len(bounds) == len(x0)' else: for i in range(len(bounds)): if bounds[i][0] > bounds[i][1]: raise ValueError, \ 'SLSQP Error: lb > ub in bounds[' + str(i) +'] ' + str(bounds[4]) xl = array( [ b[0] for b in bounds ] ) xu = array( [ b[1] for b in bounds ] ) # Initialize the iteration counter and the mode value mode = array(0,int) acc = array(acc,float) majiter = array(iter,int) majiter_prev = 0 # Print the header if iprint >= 2 if iprint >= 2: print "%5s %5s %16s %16s" % ("NIT","FC","OBJFUN","GNORM") while 1: if mode == 0 or mode == 1: # objective and constraint evaluation requird # Compute objective function fx = func(x) # Compute the constraints if f_eqcons: c_eq = f_eqcons(x) else: c_eq = array([ eqcons[i](x) for i in range(meq) ]) if f_ieqcons: c_ieq = f_ieqcons(x) else: c_ieq = array([ ieqcons[i](x) for i in range(len(ieqcons)) ]) # Now combine c_eq and c_ieq into a single matrix if m == 0: # no constraints c = zeros([la]) else: # constraints exist if meq > 0 and mieq == 0: # only equality constraints c = c_eq if meq == 0 and mieq > 0: # only inequality constraints c = c_ieq if meq > 0 and mieq > 0: # both equality and inequality constraints exist c = append(c_eq, c_ieq) if mode == 0 or mode == -1: # gradient evaluation required # Compute the derivatives of the objective function # For some reason SLSQP wants g dimensioned to n+1 g = append(fprime(x),0.0) # Compute the normals of the constraints if fprime_eqcons: a_eq = fprime_eqcons(x) else: a_eq = zeros([meq,n]) for i in range(meq): a_eq[i] = eqcons_prime[i](x) if fprime_ieqcons: a_ieq = fprime_ieqcons(x) else: a_ieq = zeros([mieq,n]) for i in range(mieq): a_ieq[i] = ieqcons_prime[i](x) # Now combine a_eq and a_ieq into a single a matrix if m == 0: # no constraints a = zeros([la,n]) elif meq > 0 and mieq == 0: # only equality constraints a = a_eq elif meq == 0 and mieq > 0: # only inequality constraints a = a_ieq elif meq > 0 and mieq > 0: # both equality and inequality constraints exist a = vstack((a_eq,a_ieq)) a = concatenate((a,zeros([la,1])),1) # Call SLSQP slsqp(m, meq, x, xl, xu, fx, c, g, a, acc, majiter, mode, w, jw) # Print the status of the current iterate if iprint > 2 and the # major iteration has incremented if iprint >= 2 and majiter > majiter_prev: print "%5i %5i % 16.6E % 16.6E" % (majiter,feval[0], fx,linalg.norm(g)) # If exit mode is not -1 or 1, slsqp has completed if abs(mode) != 1: break majiter_prev = int(majiter) # Optimization loop complete. Print status if requested if iprint >= 1: print exit_modes[int(mode)] + " (Exit mode " + str(mode) + ')' print " Current function value:", fx print " Iterations:", majiter print " Function evaluations:", feval[0] print " Gradient evaluations:", geval[0] if not full_output: return x else: return [list(x), float(fx), int(majiter), int(mode), exit_modes[int(mode)] ]

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  • How do you diagnose a 500 error on Heroku when there is no error message in the logs?

    - by lala
    I have a Rails app on Heroku that is serving 500 errors at random intervals. Web pages will display "Internal server error" in plain text, instead of the usual "We're sorry. Something went wrong." page. When I refresh the page, it works fine. The logs don't show me an error message, just » 14:20:34.107 2013-10-11 12:20:33.763690+00:00 heroku router - - at=info method=HEAD path=/ host=www.mydomain.com fwd="184.73.237.85/ec2-184-73-237-85.compute-1.amazonaws.com" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=63ms status=200 bytes=0 » 14:21:03.957 2013-10-11 12:21:03.561867+00:00 heroku router - - at=info method=GET path=/ host=www.mydomain.com fwd="50.112.95.211/ec2-50-112-95-211.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=1ms status=500 bytes=21 Support has told me to look at request queuing in New Relic, but New Relic only shows a big red mark saying the server is down (even though the site works fine when refreshed). With no error messages, I'm at a loss for how to diagnose this issue.

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  • seting ODBC Datasource in IBM AIX server

    - by adisembiring
    Hi ..... I have develop IBM Message broker flow database application in windows xp environment. the database accessed using ODBC datasource. basically, I use compute node with esql programming to select query in database, and I set the datasource in the compute node properties. Now want to deployed my project to AIX server. but, I dont know how to set ODBC datasource in AIX server. can you help me to how to set odbc in AIX server, can you help me to solve my problem ?? Thanks

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  • segmented reduction with scattered segments

    - by Christian Rau
    I got to solve a pretty standard problem on the GPU, but I'm quite new to practical GPGPU, so I'm looking for ideas to approach this problem. I have many points in 3-space which are assigned to a very small number of groups (each point belongs to one group), specifically 15 in this case (doesn't ever change). Now I want to compute the mean and covariance matrix of all the groups. So on the CPU it's roughly the same as: for each point p { mean[p.group] += p.pos; covariance[p.group] += p.pos * p.pos; ++count[p.group]; } for each group g { mean[g] /= count[g]; covariance[g] = covariance[g]/count[g] - mean[g]*mean[g]; } Since the number of groups is extremely small, the last step can be done on the CPU (I need those values on the CPU, anyway). The first step is actually just a segmented reduction, but with the segments scattered around. So the first idea I came up with, was to first sort the points by their groups. I thought about a simple bucket sort using atomic_inc to compute bucket sizes and per-point relocation indices (got a better idea for sorting?, atomics may not be the best idea). After that they're sorted by groups and I could possibly come up with an adaption of the segmented scan algorithms presented here. But in this special case, I got a very large amount of data per point (9-10 floats, maybe even doubles if the need arises), so the standard algorithms using a shared memory element per thread and a thread per point might make problems regarding per-multiprocessor resources as shared memory or registers (Ok, much more on compute capability 1.x than 2.x, but still). Due to the very small and constant number of groups I thought there might be better approaches. Maybe there are already existing ideas suited for these specific properties of such a standard problem. Or maybe my general approach isn't that bad and you got ideas for improving the individual steps, like a good sorting algorithm suited for a very small number of keys or some segmented reduction algorithm minimizing shared memory/register usage. I'm looking for general approaches and don't want to use external libraries. FWIW I'm using OpenCL, but it shouldn't really matter as the general concepts of GPU computing don't really differ over the major frameworks.

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  • Compile-time trigonometry in C

    - by lhahne
    I currently have code that looks like while (very_long_loop) { ... y1 = getSomeValue(); ... x1 = y1*cos(PI/2); x2 = y2*cos(SOME_CONSTANT); ... outputValues(x1, x2, ...); } the obvious optimization would be to compute the cosines ahead-of-time. I could do this by filling an array with the values but I was wondering would it be possible to make the compiler compute these at compile-time?

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  • Worked Example of Digital Signature Algorithm

    - by drelihan
    Hi Folks, Does anybody have a DSA worked example with simple values on how to calculate r,s and verify v == r. As this standard has been around awhile and is implemented in librarys e.g. the Java Cryptography Extension I'm finding it very hard to find an example of how the algorithm works. Compute r=(gk mod p) mod q Compute s=(k-1 * (x * r + i)) mod q Verifying a signature; again i is the input, and (r,s) is the signature. u1 = (s-1 * i) mod q u2 = (s-1 * r) mod q v = ((gu1 * yu2) mod p) mod q If v equals r, the signature is valid. Thanks,

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  • Arrays/Lists and computing hashvalues (VB, C#)

    - by Jeffrey Kern
    I feel bad asking this question but I am currently not able to program and test this as I'm writing this on my cell-phone and not on my dev machine :P (Easy rep points if someone answers! XD ) Anyway, I've had experience with using hashvalues from String objects. E.g., if I have StringA and StringB both equal to "foo", they'll both compute out the same hashvalue, because they're set to equal values. Now what if I have a List, with T being a native data type. If I tried to compute the hashvalue of ListA and ListB, assuming that they'd both be the same size and contain the same information, wouldn't they have equal hashvalues as well? Assuming as sample dataset of 'byte' with a length of 5 {5,2,0,1,3}

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  • Sympy python circumference

    - by Mattia Villani
    I need to display a circumference. In order to do that I thought I could calculata for a lot of x the two values of y, so I did: import sympy as sy from sympy.abc import x,y f = x**2 + y**2 - 1 a = x - 0.5 sy.solve([f,a],[x,y]) and this is what I get: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<input>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sympy/solvers/solvers.py", line 484, in solve solution = _solve(f, *symbols, **flags) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sympy/solvers/solvers.py", line 749, in _solve result = solve_poly_system(polys) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sympy/solvers/polysys.py", line 40, in solve_poly_system return solve_biquadratic(f, g, opt) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sympy/solvers/polysys.py", line 48, in solve_biquadratic G = groebner([f, g]) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sympy/polys/polytools.py", line 5308, i n groebner raise DomainError("can't compute a Groebner basis over %s" % domain) DomainError: can't compute a Groebner basis over RR How can I calculate the y's values ?

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  • Native arrays and computing hashvalues (VB, C#)

    - by Jeffrey Kern
    I feel bad asking this question but I am currently not able to program and test this as I'm writing this on my cell-phone and not on my dev machine :P (Easy rep points if someone answers! XD ) Anyway, I've had experience with using hashvalues from String objects. E.g., if I have StringA and StringB both equal to "foo", they'll both compute out the same hashvalue, because they're set to equal values. Now what if I have a List, with T being a native data type. If I tried to compute the hashvalue of ListA and ListB, assuming that they'd both be the same size and contain the same information, wouldn't they have equal hashvalues as well?

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  • Direct3D Rotation Matrix from Vector and vice-versa

    - by Beta Carotin
    I need to compute a rotation matrix from a direction vector, and a direction vector from a rotation matrix. The up direction should correspond to the z-axis, forward is y and right is x; D3DXMATRIX m; // the rotation matrix D3DXVECTOR3 v; // this is the direction vector wich is given D3DXVECTOR3 r; // resulting direction vector float len = D3DXVec3Length(&v); // length of the initial direction vector // compute matrix D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&m, &v, &D3DXVECTOR3(0,0,0), &D3DXVECTOR3(0,0,1)); // use the matrix on a vector { 0, len, 0 } D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&r, &D3DXVECTOR3(0,len,0), &m); Now, the vector r should be equal to v, but it isnt. What exactly do I have to do to get the results I need?

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