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  • What is Paging in memory management?

    - by Fasih Khatib
    I was just reading Operating System Principles by Silberschatz et al when I came across paging in memory management.I'm slightly confused about it. It states that Physical Memory(I assume it's RAM) is divided into frames, and logical memory is divided into pages. CPU generates logical addresses containing page number and an offset. This page number is used to retrieve the frame number from a page table which gives the base address so the physical address is calculated as base+offset. My question is: is the page table maintained for every process? I logically think that the answer would be yes as every process will need to map its own pages to frames. I may be wrong. Please clarify. Also: paging and segmentation(where 'holes' are created in memory) are two totally different techniques that are not used in combination. Correct?

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  • Are there any 17-20 inch monitors that support displayport?

    - by WildJoe
    I've got dual monitors now (both 20 inch 1600x1200). After seeing the new eyefinity cards out there (and reading the CodingHorror post on three monitors) I've decided to get a third. It's time to upgrade my video card anyway. Since I don't already have a third monitor and will be buying one new, I figure it'd make sense to buy one that already had a DisplayPort interface so as to avoid the adapter issue. However, I can't seem to find any monitors on newegg that support this (it's not even an option in the power search, and a keyword search turned up only adapters and video cards). A quick google showed me several 30 inchers (like Dell's, but that's way too expensive, and I don't have that much room on my desk even if I had that money) and some 22 inch models. Again, I'm looking for a 17-20 inch with a DisplayPort interface built in. Any suggestions?

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  • Swap 95%+ , but a lot of free ram memory

    - by Paolo_NL_FR
    I am running centos 5.8 with cpanel. Lately I am getting reports that my swap is full , but there is a lot of free memory to use. top - 10:33:43 up 133 days, 17:00, 1 user, load average: 0.05, 0.03, 0.05 Tasks: 170 total, 1 running, 169 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 2.1%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 97.2%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 24726100k total, 8255368k used, 16470732k free, 599560k buffers Swap: 1046520k total, 984740k used, 61780k free, 3641828k cached How do I solve this? The unused ram memory should be used instead of the swap. Or should I increase the swap ( and how do I do that ? ). Thanks

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  • It's the ethernet 10/100 in LAN transfer faster than USB 1.0?

    - by dag729
    I have an old laptop (PIII 800MHz, with 256 RAM) that I wish to use as my home server: it'll have to serve just two people, so I think that I'll be more than ok as for the RAM and the CPU. The issue is about data, because the internal hard disk is a 12GB, that is...ridicolous! I have more than 60GB of mixed storage and counting (images, videos and music) in an external usb hd. I could put the hd in my desktop pc just to serve the big files through ethernet or let it inside its usb box attached to the laptop. The question is: which of these solutions will be the fastest? USB 1.0 attached to the server (laptop) or internal hard disk serving files via 10/100 ethernet to the laptop on demand?

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  • Missing 16:10 resolutions with Nvidia drivers (Can't add resolutions)

    - by Wuinny
    I have a laptop with a Nvidia 9650M GT and used the drivers that Seven brought me. It works fine but Metro 2033 tells me that I have to upgrade my drivers to play the game. So I did it. But since I did a clean install of the new Nvidia drivers, I just have 1440*900 or 4:3 resolutions. I usually played with 1280*800 or 1184*740 (for performance issue) With the "old" drivers I was able to create custom resolution (1184*740) in Nvidia control panel but now when I try it tells me that "my monitor cannot support this resolution". When I insist, it works but soon as I shut down my computer I have to recreate it.. Do anyone have a fix?

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  • how to debug BSOD irql_not_less_or_equal error

    - by Sev
    So I'm getting the irql_not_less_or_equal BSOD. I tried looking at the event viewer for potential causes, and cannot find any. I also checked the CPU temperature in BIOS right after the error and that was fine. I've tried 2 sets of RAM chips already, both give the issues. The error doesn't happen consistently...it happens daily, but many hours can pass and it won't happen, or only 10 minutes can pass and it might happen again. By the way, just bought the parts and built the computer myself a couple of weeks ago. How to debug the cause for this? Hardware info: Asus P6X58D PREMIUM motherboard Intel core i7 930 quad core 2.8 ghz Kingston 128 GB SSD 3 Gb/sec Nvidia Geforce GTX 465 PNY Edition Corsair 12 GB DDR3 1600 Mhz Ram Windows 7 Ultimate

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  • Xen VGA passthrough: is it possible to have dual GPU's with single monitor

    - by user489481
    I hate dual-booting between Windows when I want to play a game and Linux when I need to work. I don't fancy running Linux in a VM and Wine almost never works for me. So, I'm thinking about buying a new mainboard and CPU that is compatible with Xen's VGA passthrough and HVM virtualization. I want to be able to switch between the Linux Dom0 and Windows DomU with ease, but the problem is I need two GPU's and have only one monitor. Right now I have a nVidia GTX 260 in my PC, but I also have a Radeon 4850 sitting in my closet that I was going to sell. My question is, can I salvage the Radeon card to run the Dom0 and have the nVidia card run the DomU while having some kind of device/software to connect them a single monitor? Power supply and airflow issues aside. If not, what would you suggest? Is this even possible?

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  • Use Backup Exec configuration 2010 R3 file on 2012

    - by Roger M
    I'm looking to upgrade my backup solution from Symantec Backup Exec 2010 R3 (Which i believe is the same version as 13) to Backup Exec 2012. Now, it's pretty easy to open BEutility and use the "Copy media server configuration"-function in 2010 R3, but I have not found any answers as to whether this file can be imported flawlessly into 2012 or not. It would save loads of time if it's doable. Since I HAVE TO remove the 2010 installation before installing 2012, it's not possible to just test it. I need to know before I go through with it. Anyone who's tried the same? PS: Running Windows Server Standard 2008 R2

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  • Would upgrading memory from 4GB to 8GB on my laptop solve swapping issues?

    - by Tom
    I have a laptop with 4GB of memory with Windows 7 on it and I often experience with Eclipse that it is swapped out to disk. On the net they usually write 4GB of RAM is more than enough for average use and aside from Eclipse+Android Emulator I don't really use other extra apps, yet Eclipse is always swapped out if I haven't used it for a while (say, 1 day) and it is annoying it to wait for it to be resurrected from swap. My question is: would an upgrade to 8GB solve the issue of swapped out applications? With 8GB would windows 7 keep everything in memory? Or it wouldn't change anything and Eclipse would be swapped out regardless of the amount of memory, because Win 7 has a habit of kicking out every application from memory which hasn't be used for a while?

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  • High frequency, kernel bypass vs tuning kernels?

    - by Keith
    I often hear tales about High Frequency shops using network cards which do kernel bypass. However, I also often hear about them using operating systems where they "tune" the kernel. If they are bypassing the kernel, do they need to tune the kernel? Is it a case of they do both because whilst the network packets will bypass the kernel due to the card, there is still all the other stuff going on which tuning the kernel would help? So in other words, they use both approaches, one is just to speed up network activity and the other makes the OS generally more responsive/faster? I ask because a friend of mine who works within this industry once said they don't really bother with kernel tuning anymore-because they use kernel bypass network cards? This didn't make too much sense as I thought you would always want a faster kernel for all the CPU-offloaded calculations.

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  • Upgrading RAM in HP Compaq d530

    - by Mike
    I want to upgrade my hp compaq d530 from 1.2GB to 4GB of RAM. I look at the specs: http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/11632_ca/11632_ca.html and saw that I could get up to 4GB of RAM that is DDR, PC3200. So, I got 4GB of RAM. I ordered 4 of these http://www.ebay.com/itm/190398777195?ssPageName=STRK:MEWNX:IT&_trksid=p3984.m1439.l2649. When I installed all 4 I get 5 beeps and 5 red blinks which I've concluded means I'm having a memory problem. When I switch back to 1.2 GB it works fine. I was wondering, am I doing something wrong?

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  • Dell XT on Windows 7 never recovers from sleep

    - by user39408
    My Dell XT, after upgrade to windows 7 ultimate seems to never recover from a sleep i.e. opening the lid shows a flicker, and then all lights go off. When I press the power button long enough it reboots and says that Windows had a serious error, blah blah (but no BSOD). Hibernate doesnt cause any problem, and that is what I am doing as default. Any idea how to debug more and fix it. Looked around (on web) for answer, tried related solutions (hotfixes for similar but not same problems) etc, but noting fixes this.

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  • Monitoring the wall time of a process on windows?

    - by Sean Madden
    Windows Task Manager has the ability to show the current CPU time of any given running process on windows, is there any way (not necessarily through Task Manager) to get the current wall time of a process? An example, let's say I have a script that reliably runs for about 45 minutes. Without adding a progress bar to the script, is there any way to figure out for how long it has been running? The math behind this seems pretty straight forward; WallTime = CurrentWallTime - WallTimeProcessStarted. Likewise, since the math is so simple, is there anyway to get the time that a process was started at?

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  • If an old Exchange server is not part of a domain, does that imply that it can be safely removed without affecting mailflow?

    - by Bigbio2002
    We are doing some cleanup, and there is an old Exchange VM hanging around that we want to get rid of. We do not have the local admin credentials, but we can ascertain that it is not part of the current domain. Seeing as the new production Exchange server is working fine, is it safe to power off and remove the old server? *I should probably note that this is not an Edge Transport server. There was an upgrade to Exchange 2013 at some point in the past, and there is only one functioning Exchange server now.

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  • Help with Corrupt version of IE8 on WinXPsp3

    - by Anon
    I've upgrade from IE6 to 7 to 8 and back down and back up, but still have critical issues in IE such as * cannot see any version info in "about internet explorer" * cannot run windows update * cannot load SharePoint pages (and other pages using ActiveX or IE-specific dhtml) I've also re-installed sp3, but still no luck. Also, also - I've changed security settings to be most permissive. Next step is blowing it all away and starting with windows7. Short of that, any suggestions are welcome. Thanks in advance.

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  • Real RAM latency

    - by user32569
    Hi, very quick question. When I look for RAM timing, I got 2 different explanations on what is CAS latency. First states, its the time after command to read has been issued from CPU and data are send to data bus. Second says its time betwen column in memory layout has been activated. So, where is the truth? I mean, when I want to know total RAM latenci, in case 1, ot would be just CAS times one clock time. In second case, it would be CAS+other things like RAstoCAS and so times one clock time. Thanks.

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  • xm console command is not working in XEN

    - by stillStudent
    I have XEN 4.0.x.x rpm with CENT OS. I have set it up and have many VMs on it. But problem is when I execute 'xm console ' command from dom0, command just hangs dom0 and some 'y' comes up in next line but nothing really happens. Is it a bug in xen 4.0 and I need to upgrade it or I can tweak some configuration file in /etc/xen/ to make it work. I found following at some site but its not working: In order to be able to login to your domU from the console using: xm create {your hostname}.cfg -c (to the set root password for ssh, for instance, or to see more output than just kernel output when debugging) it may be necessary to add the following line to your /etc/xen/{your hostname}.cfg extra='xencons=tty' Is there any other way to solve it?

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  • Installing Windows on multiple computers

    - by Rob
    At our work we've decided to buy SSDs to speed up our computers. We'd also like to upgrade from Windows 7 to Windows 8.1 (read clean install) I'm talking about 10 computers which going to have a fully clean installation. Is there any trick I can use to avoid installing Windows 10 times? The computers (most of them) are different in hardware, so I think duping is no good option. What can I do? I'd like to spend as less time as possible because all computers are going to need SQL Management Studio and Visual Studio 2012/2013. Thanks!

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  • SQL Server 2005/2008 Licensing Decision

    - by Hakim
    Hello, I have purchased a dedicated server from a reputable Hosting company. They only have Windows Server 2008 OS installed on it and NO Sql server. Server Configuration is Intel Dual core Processor with 2GB of RAM and 100GB HDD. I wanted to host my web services on that server which will be using the MS SQL Server 2005 at the backend.There are multiple web services and each using a different Database. Microsoft has CAL basis Licensing , Which I understand is based on number of users accessing the database directly ( I may be wrong ) . But my users will be accessing the webservice and no direct connection to the database as such. Yes but the number of users accessing the web server cannot be known and is not under my control. Which Licensing is best suited for this kind of setup ? I don't need analysing and BI services right now ,but i may want to upgrade that in future may be. Any help will be appreciated. Thanks

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  • How to prevent firefox from updating

    - by Larry
    I have firefox 3.6.x in Mint Linux. For physical problems -- eyes and color, I want to keep this version and not do any updates ever to it. I don't know if it is a firefox or linux issue, but nothing seems to work. It should not be rocket scientist enabled. :P This is what I have tried: Update Manager and added to ignore package --firef0x* Fully removed all traces of firefox and reinstalled 3.6.28 In firefox, set the upgrade options (3) of them to unselected and saved. Scanned computer for firef* to insure all traces were removed, to include /usr/bin/firefox. Using Mint Linux 9, otherwise fully upgraded for packages. That's the main things I've done. My major issues is the later versions of that software are almost impossible for me to see.

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  • How can I pin point a USB file transfer bottleneck in Unix?

    - by HankHendrix
    I'm experiencing very slow data transfer speeds over USB 2.0 on my nix box and was wondering how I can pin-point the cause of the problem. I've looked into iotop and top but the cpu and mem figures look normal (compared to guides I have checked). The box which is affected is Ubuntu 12.04 32bit Server running on an Asus EEE 701 2G model and I am transferring from the OS over USB 2.0 to an external HDD (which transfers at 30MB/s+ on Windows 7 on other machine). I get rsync write speeds of 1MB/s from OS to USB HDD which seems ridiculously slow. These speeds are consistent with other USB HDDs and sticks.

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  • Intel HD 4000 and Nvidia GT 650 working together on laptop

    - by Juan
    My new win7 Acer notebook has i5 CPU with Intel HD 4000 and Nvida GT650 GPU. Obviously monitor is plugged to Intel HD. In Nvidia control panel I can configure PhysX but that doesn't help. Windows system rating shows high gaming experience and average/low windows aero experience. What does that mean? Does my laptop use nvidia for games/3d apps nad Intel HD 4000 for aero? Should I disable Intel HD in bios, but how to plug monitor to nvidia? Or should I leave everything like now because everything works as it suppose to work? Here is image capture of some states: http://oi47.tinypic.com/34p0qp4.jpg

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  • virtual machines: optimal host os to run Windows XP guest os?

    - by user61132
    My department doesn't have the budget to upgrade my ailing Dell D620 laptop. However, I do have the option to buy my own personal computer, then use my company-issued ISO image to run Windows XP as my guest os using virtualbox or vmware. Therefore, last month, I bought an Acer AX3910-U3012 desktop that had Windows 7 as the host os (and 8G RAM). In short, I was disappointed with the performance while trying to run WinXP as the guest os. (It didn't perform much better than my laptop.) Just wondering what the optimal host os would be for running Windows XP as the guest os? (No, I can't use my company-issued ISO image to build the os for my personal computer.) FWIW, I'm willing to spend up to $2k if it's REALLY worth it, but would prefer to spend no more than $1k. Also, in an effort to cut costs, I'd prefer buy a desktop instead of a laptop. Thanks for any/all feedback.

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  • Why does Resource Monitor in windows 7 show half my memory as "Hardware Reserved"?

    - by Brandon
    Does anyone know why in Windows 7 Resource Monitor shows that I have 8 GB of RAM installed on my computer, but I only have 3.2 GB available as 4.8 GB are in "Hardware Reserve". I researched this issue and tried going into msconfig and making sure that in the boot options the number of processors and max memory options were turned off. I also opened the computer up and reseated each of the memory sticks while clearing out any dust that was in there. Some info on the system I am using: OS: Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit Edition CPU: AMD Phenom X4 9750 Memory: 4 X 2GB DDR2 memory Motherboard: MS-7548 (Aspen) Any help would be much appreciated.

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  • Upgrading php, mysql, and apache

    - by Kevin
    I have been looking around and have not found a good answer to my question. I currently have php 5.3.3 installed via yum on my centos 6.3 server. I need to upgrade to php 5.10 or later. It is my understanding that you need to find the correct mysql and apache packages that fit with the php install. Can someone please point me in the direction of a an update guide? Btw I am not looking for "yum update httpd php5" this gets me the old 5.3.3 version. Thanks, Kevin.

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