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  • Linux System Programming

    - by AJ
    I wanted to get into systems programming for linux and wanted to know how to approach that and where to begin. I come from a web development background (Python, PHP) but I also know some C and C++. Essentially, I would like to know: Which language(s) to learn and pursue (I think mainly C and C++)? How/Where to learn those languages specific to Systems Programming? Books, websites, blogs, tutorials etc. Any other good places where I can start this from basics? Any good libraries to begin with? What environment setup (or approx.) do I need? Assuming linux has to be there but I have a linux box which I rarely log into using GUI (always use SSH). Is GUI a lot more helpful or VI editor is enough? (Please let me know if this part of the question should go to serverfault.com) PS: Just to clarify, by systems programming I mean things like writing device drivers, System tools, write native applications which are not present on Linux platform but are on others, play with linux kernel etc.

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  • Aligning music notes using String matching algorithms or Dynamic Programming

    - by Dolphin
    Hi I need to compare 2 sets of musical pieces (i.e. a playing-taken in MIDI format-note details extracted and saved in a database table, against sheet music-taken into XML format). When evaluating playing against sheet music (i.e.note details-pitch, duration, rhythm), note alignment needs to be done - to identify missed/extra/incorrect/swapped notes that from the reference (sheet music) notes. I have like 1800-2500 notes in one piece approx (can even be more-with polyphonic, right now I'm doing for monophonic). So will I have to have all these into an array? Will it be memory overloading or stack overflow? There are string matching algorithms like KMP, Boyce-Moore. But note alignment can also be done through Dynamic Programming. How can I use Dynamic Programming to approach this? What are the available algorithms? Is it about approximate string matching? Which approach is much productive? String matching algos like Boyce-Moore, or dynamic programming? How can I assess which is more effective? Greatly appreciate any insight or suggestions Thanks in advance

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  • How do I know if I'm being truly clever and not just "clever"?

    - by Covar
    If there's one thing I've learned from programming is that there are clever solutions to problems, and then there are "clever" solutions to problems. One is an intelligent solution to a difficult problem that results in improved efficiency and a better way to to do something and the other will wind up on The Daily WTF, and result in headaches and pain for anyone else involved. My question is how do you distinguish between one and the other? How do you figure out if you've over thought the solution? How do you stop yourself from throwing away truly clever solutions, thinking they were "clever"?

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  • Do you think functional language is good for applications that have a lot of business rules but very

    - by StackUnderflow
    I am convinced that functional programming is an excellent choice when it comes to applications that require a lot of computation (data mining, AI, nlp etc). But is it wise to use functional programming for a typical enterprise application where there are a lot of business rules but not much in terms of computation? Please disregard the fact that there are very few people using functional programming and that it's kind of tough. Thanks

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  • Would learning any (linguistic) language in particular further your programming career?

    - by Anonymous
    It seems apparent that English is the dominant international language for programming based on previous P.SE questions (though a highly upvoted comment correctly points out that asking a question like that on a predominantly English site will skew the results). However, is there benefit in learning a foreign language for software development? For example, do the Chinese have completely different software tools, languages, technologies, etc? How about Japanese, Russian, and other non-latin based languages? Is there an entire world of software development languages, tools and so on that only exist in these other languages? Or do people that know these languages use the tools and languages we know and love?

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  • Is Haskell's type system an obstacle to understanding functional programming?

    - by FarmBoy
    I'm studying Haskell for the purpose of understanding functional programming, with the expectation that I'll apply the insight that I gain in other languages (Groovy, Python, JavaScript mainly.) I choose Haskell because I had the impression that it is very purely functional, and wouldn't allow for any reliance on state. I did not choose to learn Haskell because I was interested in navigating an extremely rigid type system. My question is this: Is a strong type system a necessary by-product of an extremely pure functional language, or is this an unrelated design choice particular to Haskell? If it is the latter, I'm curious what would be the most purely functional language that is dynamically typed. I'm not particularly opposed to strong typing, it has its place, but I'm having a hard time seeing how it benefits me in this educational endeavor.

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  • What programming languages should every computer science student be taught?

    - by Anto
    What languages (or classes (as in paradigms) of programming languages, plus a recommended language of that class) should every computer science student be taught in college according to you? Motivate your answers; why that language? What use will one have from it? What concepts does it teach (better than language X does)? Note/clarification: This question is about computer science with heavy focus on software engineering, not pure computer science. It is still computer science education and not software engineering education which is the focus.

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  • Writing a new programming language - when and how to bootstrap datastructures?

    - by OnResolve
    I'm in the process of writing my own programming language which, thus far, has been going great in terms of what I set out to accomplish. However, now, I'd like to bootstrap some pre-existing data structures and/or objects. My problem is that I'm not really sure on how to begin. When the compiler begins do I splice in these add-ins so their part of the scope of the application? If I make these in some core library, my concern is how I distribute the library in addition to the compiler--or are they part of the compiler? I get that there are probably a number of plausible ways to approach this, but I'm having trouble with the setting my direction. If it helps, the language is on top of the .NET core (i.e it compiles to CLR code). Any help or suggestions are very much appreciated!

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  • Would learning any (linguistic) language imparticular further your programming career?

    - by Anonymous
    It seems apparent that English is the dominant international language for programming (in the West, at least!) based on previous P.SE questions. Or maybe not, given that a highly upvoted comment correctly points out that asking a question like that on a predominantly English site will skew the results. This question is about whether there is a benefit in learning a foreign language for software development. For example, do the Chinese have completely different software tools, langugages, technologies etc? How about Japanese, Russian, and other non-latin based languages? Am I/are we missing an entire world of software development languages, tools and so on that only exist in these other languages? Or do people that know these languages still learn and program using the tools and languages we all know and love?

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  • 13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)

    - by C.Muetzlitz
    Externe Einflüsse wie Gesetze fordern die IT auf, (unsere) Daten zu schützen. Doch wie prüft man die eingestellte Sicherheit einer Oracle Datenbank überhaupt? Ist die geforderte Sicherheit ausreichend umgesetzt und zwar im Idealfall entsprechend dem notwendigen Schutzbedarf? Wann haben Sie eigentlich die Sicherheit Ihrer Oracle Datenbank das letzte Mal überprüft? Und noch besser gefragt, kennen Sie die Bedrohungen und die davon abgeleiteten Risiken? Alles Fragen deren Antworten ein verantwortlicher Anwendungsbesitzer sofort parat haben sollte oder sehen Sie das anders? Wie kann man sich am besten vor Bedrohungen schützen? Die einzige richtige Antwort auf diese Frage ist, durch Informationen und daraus abgeleitetes Wissen. Nun umfassen Informationen und das darin versteckte Wissen wahrscheinlich sehr viele Quellen. D.h. es wird immer schwieriger sich das richtige Wissen anzueignen und dieses Wissen für den Schutz von Daten und Datenbanken anzuwenden.Betrachtet man die Oracle Datenbank, dann empfehle ich zwei wesentliche Bereiche, die man tun muss bzw. wissen sollte. Die Best Practices Lösungen kennen, die man implementieren sollte und teilweise muss, um gute Sicherheit zu garantieren.Ich nenne diesen Bereich „13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)“ Wie sieht der wirkliche Sicherheitszustand einer Oracle Datenbank aus.Diesen Bereich nenne ich „Check Oracle DB Security“ In diesem Beitrag möchte ich Sie nun in die Grundlagen einer guten Oracle Datenbank Sicherheit einführen und Sie befähigen, den Sicherheitszustand Ihrer Datenbank selber bestimmen zu können. 13 Lösungen für eine höhere Sicherheit in einer Oracle Datenbank (Best Practices)“  Password-Management aktiveren:Seien Sie sich bewusst, dass schwache Passwords eine hohe Bedrohung bedeuten. Aktivieren Sie ein vernünftiges Password Management Kennen Sie den Funktionsumfang Ihrer aktuellen Datenbank Version, auch die Funktionen, die nicht mehr unterstützt werden.Der "New Feature und Upgrade Guide" sollte eine Pflichtlektüre werden. Implementieren Sie eine passende Mindestsicherheit.Oracle liefert hier viele Vorgaben. Haben Sie das Rollen- und Account Management im GriffHier geht es um eine kontrollierte Privilegien-Vergabe (Least Privileg), eine Zwecktrennung im Account Management und eine andauernde Überprüfung des Rollenmanagements und Zugriffskonzepts Sicheres Datenbank Link Konzept implementierenGerade im Bereich der Datenintegration werden wiederholt DB Links in der Datenbank konfiguriert. Diese Links eröffnen u.U. unkontrollierte Zugriffe auf entfernte Datenbanken. Tracken Sie den Zugriff und setzen Sie ein sicheres DB Link Konzept um. Oracle liefert hier die entsprechenden Vorgaben. Definieren Sie Schutz-Policies für Ihre Anwendungen.Hierunter fällt z.B. ein richtiges Anwendungs-Owner und Anwendungs-User Setup Implementieren Sie den notwendigen Datenschutz für wichtige DatenKennen Sie die Daten, die geschützt werden müssen und schützen Sie diese angemessen. Kontrollieren Sie den Ressourcenverbrauch in Ihrer Datenbank Implementieren Sie eine sinnvolle Zwecktrennung in der DatenbankAuch bei der Datenbank ist es sinnvoll eine Zwecktrennung zu implementieren. Schalten Sie eine sinnvolle und gesetzeskonforme Protokollierung ein.Gesetze erfordern das und Oracle gibt eine Mindestprotokollierung vor. Implementieren Sie Prozesse, die den guten Zustand der Datenbank erhalten Führen Sie regelmäßige Health- Checks durchOracle liefert z.B. mit dem Enterprise Manager eine vollständige Library. Definieren Sie ein funktionierendes Patch-ManagementKennen Sie die Critical Patch Updates und handeln Sie falls notwendig. Check Oracle DB Security oder wer den Sicherheitszustand nicht kennt, wird auch keine Maßnahmen ergreifen Den Sicherheitszustand einer Oracle Datenbank zu überprüfen, ist sehr wichtig. Hierfür kann man verschiedene Anwendungen nutzen, die im Markt erhältlich sind. Eine gute Entscheidung wäre z.B. den Oracle Enterprise Manager (Cloud Control) mit dem Lifecycle Management zu nutzen, der periodisch den Sicherheitszustand für Sie ermittelt. Eine manuelle Überprüfung ist auch möglich, erfordert aber tiefes Wissen. Doch auch trotz der hohen Wissensanforderung ist ein Verstehen, wie man eine Oracle Datenbank manuell auf Sicherheit überprüft, wichtig. Vertrauen Sie nicht mehr auf Vermutungen, sondern nehmen Sie die Sicherheit Ihrer Datenbank ernst und lernen Sie den realen Zustand Ihrer Datenbank kennen. Wissen über reale Zustände und Wissen über geeignete Konzepte schützen. Erst dann können Sie entscheiden, welche Maßnahmen tatsächlich notwendig sind. Weiterführende Informationen: Oracle Online Dokumentation für die Datenbank Verschiedene Artikel in der Knowledge Base vom Oracle Support Das neue Buch „Oracle Security in der Praxis. Vollständige Sicherheitsüberprüfung Ihrer Oracle Datenbank“.

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  • Which programming language to develop software for USC that also runs on other OS?? (WINDOWS/OSX)

    - by Marian Lux
    I have skills in JAVA and C#: First i had a closer look to JAVA (Eclipse with Windowbuilder-Plugin) - Swing: But there is no natvie GUI-Support for GTK3 (e.g., HUD seems not to work) Then i was at JAVA - SWT: It is to heavy. I want do code a small app that improves the Ubuntu desktop. I don't want to ship a program with eclipse included. After that i found C# Mono (Monodevelop): GTK-shparp is only for GTK2 available. A GTK3-port will come soon but is it possible to convert the program from GTK2 to GTK3 without extra adaptations? The next bad thing is, that MONO is now dropped from Ubuntu LTS 12.04. So i have no chance that my app would be a default-app in an Ubuntu-Image. (This is also a factor for me to choose a programming language). I know there are other techs but i want to use as programing language JAVA or C#.

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  • Which programming language do you think is the most beautiful and which the ugliest? [closed]

    - by user1598390
    I would like to hear opinions about what programming language do you consider to produce the most legible, self-documenting, intention-transparent, beautiful-looking code ? And which produces the most messy-looking, unintentionally obfuscated, ugly code, regardless of it being good code ? Let me clarify: I'm talking about the syntax, "noise vs signal", structure of the language. Assignment operators. De-referencing. Whether it's dot syntax or "-" syntax. What languages do you think are inherently harder to read than others, given all other things being equal like, say, code quality, absence of code smells, etc. ?

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  • Is Haskell's type system an obstacle to understanding functional programming?

    - by Eric Wilson
    I'm studying Haskell for the purpose of understanding functional programming, with the expectation that I'll apply the insight that I gain in other languages (Groovy, Python, JavaScript mainly.) I choose Haskell because I had the impression that it is very purely functional, and wouldn't allow for any reliance on state. I did not choose to learn Haskell because I was interested in navigating an extremely rigid type system. My question is this: Is a strong type system a necessary by-product of an extremely pure functional language, or is this an unrelated design choice particular to Haskell? If it is the latter, I'm curious what would be the most purely functional language that is dynamically typed. I'm not particularly opposed to strong typing, it has its place, but I'm having a hard time seeing how it benefits me in this educational endeavor.

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  • What are the preferred documentation tools for the major programming languages?

    - by Dave Peck
    I'm interested in compiling a list of major programming languages and their preferred documentation toolsets. To scope this a bit: The exact structure of the answer may vary from language to language, but there appear to be two aspects common to all languages: (1) in-code syntax for documentation, and (2) documentation generators that make use of said syntax. There are also cases where generators are used independent of code. For example, tutorial-style documentation is common in the Python world and is often disconnected from underlying code. Many languages have multiple commonly-used documentation strategies and tool chains, and I'd love to capture this. Finally, there are cross-language tools like Doxygen that also have some traction and would be worth noting here. Here are some obvious target languages to start with: Python, Ruby, Java, C#, PHP, Objective-C, C/C++, Haskell, Erlang, Scala, Clojure If this question catches on, I'll try and keep this section updated with the most recent list. Thanks!

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  • Why aren't there automated translators from one programming language to another?

    - by serg
    Most programming languages are Turing complete, which means that any task that can be solved in one language can be solved in another one, or even on Turing machine. Then why aren't there automatic translators that can convert programs from any given language to any other language? I've seen couple attempts for two languages, but they always work only on a limited subset of a language and can hardly be used for converting real projects. Is it possible, at least in theory, to write 100% correct translator between all languages? What are the challenges in practice? Are there any existing translators that work?

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  • How do I improve my logic in general and programming in particular?

    - by Dinesh Venkata
    I'm good with understanding technology and implementing it. At least that is what I feel. But it seems that when I come across experienced programmers they point out that my logic is weak. I feel that I would need some time with real programming to improve it. But nobody is ready to give that time to me. I'm just about starting my carer and it often feels disheartening to hear this. I want know how can I improve my logic and also does this sort of thing happens to others too?

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  • Which programming language could I use for Natural Language Processing to extract clinical words?

    - by MACEE
    I am going to do entity extraction (like Named Entity Recognition) from clinical free text (unstructured raw text such as discharge summaries) and these entities could be any medical problem, medical tests or treatments. I am going to use one of i2b2 datasets (https://www.i2b2.org/) if case you are familiar with that. I am new to the NLP(Natural Language Processing) field and I need a programming language to support NLP tasks and also easily connect to the available libraries of machine learning algorithms like CRF. I don't know much java and I heard about Python, Perl and Scala but I am not sure which one would be the best option for this task?

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  • How to better start learning programming - with imperative or declarative languages?

    - by user712092
    Someone is interested in learning to program. What language paradigm should I recomend him - imperative or declarative? And what programming language should he start with? I think that declarative because it is closer to math. And I would say that Prolog might be the best start because it is based on logic and programs are short. On the other hand at school we started learning from imperative languages and I am not sure whether there is a benefit to start with them instead of declarive ones. Thanks. :)

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  • What is the right option of programming languages and tools for building our website?

    - by Goma
    We are 3 persons trying to build a large website which will be available in 3 languges. However, we will start with one language and with small idea then we are going to improve it and make it larger! What do you think the best tools and language that we should use? We are caring alot about the speed of loading the pages and tools that provide excellent qulaity with cheaper fees. Edit: We are graphic designers, so we did not choose the programming language yet. But we studied computer science and we have an idea but we found that this is the best place to ask the question and expect the right answer from you. Should we use ASP.NET for example? or PHP? We do not want an expesive option that will cost us alot in the future and we do not want to change the technology at least for the first 5 years. Thanks!

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  • How do you choose a programming/data structure/algorithm book?

    - by Fanatic23
    I really should not be mentioning the name of the book, but the first time I read it (during my under-grad days) I almost concluded that data structure was a bad course to pick. Which brings me to the question I am asking here. What makes a programming or data structure or algorithm book tick? Clearly, lucid explanation is one. But I also realize that organization of the material is very important and so is diagrams. What else? Some pointers would obviously help when I hang out in my neighborhood computer book shop the next time.

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  • How often do you use google, to answer programming relatated questions? [closed]

    - by Mercfh
    I hope this isn't too subjective, but it is programming related and Im curious. Alot of times I feel.......dumb for lack of a better word when I have to look something up. Alot of times I forget all the specificity of a language and have to look up something like "Doing XXX in C++" for instance, or something along the lines of that. How often do you guys as Programmers both Professionally and On your own have to use google to look up something. Or do most people just kind of remember these things. I guess what Im really asking is, do you often have to use google or other web-search sites to remember how to do what is seemingly "simple" things with languages but you've just forgotten? Please tell me im not the ONLY one.

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  • Does it really takes 5-10 years (or more) to be really good in programming?

    - by Ygam
    I don't get it. Why is there such a notion that it takes this long to be really proficient in a single language? I somehow think that this statement meant that it takes such a long time to master your language, and use it in a lot of context (web programming, desktop applications, mobile applications, etc.). Adding to that, sometimes you get stuck on a single language in your job and doing repetitive things and don't have much time to study other languages, thus for a certain amount of time, you don't really do much learning at all, and that adds to the amount of time. What do you think?

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  • If there's no problem treating a statement as an expression, why was there a distinction in the first place in some programming languages?

    - by cdmckay
    Why do we have the distinction between statements and expressions in most programming languages? For example, in Java, assuming f and g return ints, this still won't compile because it's a statement and statements don't return values. // won't compile int i = if (pred) { f(x); } else { g(x); } but in Scala, it's very happy with treating if as an expression. // compiles fine val i: Int = if (pred) f(x) else g(x) So if there's no problem treating an if statement as an expression, why was there a distinction in the first place?

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  • How is it possible to write the compiler of a programming language with that language itself [closed]

    - by tugberk
    Possible Duplicate: How could the first C++ compiler be written in C++? You probably heard that Microsoft released a new language called TypeScript which is a the typed superset of JavaScript. The most interesting thing that makes me wonder is the fact that its compiler writen in TypeScript itself. Call me ignorant but I really couldn't figure out in my head how that is possible. This is just like chicken and egg problem in my head because there is no compiler to compile TypeScript's compiler in the first place. How is it possible to write a compiler of the compiler of a programming language with that language?

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  • What software programming languages were used by the Soviet Union's space program?

    - by shamp00
    I got interested in the Soviet space program and was interested to discover that the software on the Buran spacecraft circa 1988 was written in Prolog. Does anyone know what languages might have been used in earlier missions, especially the Mars PrOP-M rover missions of the early 1970s which were somewhat autonomous and could navigate obstacles? Edit My source for the Buran Prolog is this declassified document from the CIA site from May 1990. I couldn't find an OCR version, so here's the relevant quote from p. 0449: According to open-source literature, the Soviets used the French-developed programming language known as Prolog to develop on-board system software for the Buran vehicle...

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