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  • Initialize Static Array of Structs in C

    - by russell_h
    I implementing a card game in C. There are lots of types of cards and each has a bunch of information, including some actions that will need to be individually scripted associated with it. Given a struct like this (and I'm not certain I have the syntax right for the function pointer) struct CARD { int value; int cost; // This is a pointer to a function that carries out actions unique // to this card int (*do_actions) (struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2); }; I would like to initialize a static array of these, one for each card. I'm guessing this would look something like this int do_card0(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } int do_card1(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } extern static struct cardDefinitions[] = { {0, 1, do_card0}, {1, 3, do_card1} }; Will this work, and am I going about this the right way at all? I'm trying to avoid huge numbers of switch statements. Do I need to define the 'do_cardN' functions ahead of time, or is there some way to define them inline in the initialization of the struct (something like a lambda function in python)? I'll need read-only access to cardDefinitions from a different file - is 'extern static' correct for that? I know this is a lot of questions rolled into one but I'm really a bit vague about how to go about this. Thanks.

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  • How can I determine PerlLogHandler performance impact?

    - by Timmy
    I want to create a custom Apache2 log handler, and the template that is found on the apache site is: #file:MyApache2/LogPerUser.pm #--------------------------- package MyApache2::LogPerUser; use strict; use warnings; use Apache2::RequestRec (); use Apache2::Connection (); use Fcntl qw(:flock); use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile); use Apache2::Const -compile => qw(OK DECLINED); sub handler { my $r = shift; my ($username) = $r->uri =~ m|^/~([^/]+)|; return Apache2::Const::DECLINED unless defined $username; my $entry = sprintf qq(%s [%s] "%s" %d %d\n), $r->connection->remote_ip, scalar(localtime), $r->uri, $r->status, $r->bytes_sent; my $log_path = catfile Apache2::ServerUtil::server_root, "logs", "$username.log"; open my $fh, ">>$log_path" or die "can't open $log_path: $!"; flock $fh, LOCK_EX; print $fh $entry; close $fh; return Apache2::Const::OK; } 1; What is the performance cost of the flocks? Is this logging process done in parallel, or in serial with the HTTP request? In parallel the performance would not matter as much, but I wouldn't want the user to wait another split second to add something like this.

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  • Object equality in context of hibernate / webapp

    - by bert
    How do you handle object equality for java objects managed by hibernate? In the 'hibernate in action' book they say that one should favor business keys over surrogate keys. Most of the time, i do not have a business key. Think of addresses mapped to a person. The addresses are keeped in a Set and displayed in a Wicket RefreshingView (with a ReuseIfEquals strategy). I could either use the surrogate id or use all fields in the equals() and hashCode() functions. The problem is that those fields change during the lifetime ob the object. Either because the user entered some data or the id changes due to JPA merge() being called inside the OSIV (Open Session in View) filter. My understanding of the equals() and hashCode() contract is that those should not change during the lifetime of an object. What i have tried so far: equals() based on hashCode() which uses the database id (or super.hashCode() if id is null). Problem: new addresses start with an null id but get an id when attached to a person and this person gets merged() (re-attached) in the osiv-filter. lazy compute the hashcode when hashCode() is first called and make that hashcode @Transitional. Does not work, as merge() returns a new object and the hashcode does not get copied over. What i would need is an ID that gets assigned during object creation I think. What would be my options here? I don't want to introduce some additional persistent property. Is there a way to explicitly tell JPA to assign an ID to an object? Regards

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  • Understanding the workflow of the messages in a generic server implementation in Erlang

    - by Chiron
    The following code is from "Programming Erlang, 2nd Edition". It is an example of how to implement a generic server in Erlang. -module(server1). -export([start/2, rpc/2]). start(Name, Mod) -> register(Name, spawn(fun() -> loop(Name, Mod, Mod:init()) end)). rpc(Name, Request) -> Name ! {self(), Request}, receive {Name, Response} -> Response end. loop(Name, Mod, State) -> receive {From, Request} -> {Response, State1} = Mod:handle(Request, State), From ! {Name, Response}, loop(Name, Mod, State1) end. -module(name_server). -export([init/0, add/2, find/1, handle/2]). -import(server1, [rpc/2]). %% client routines add(Name, Place) -> rpc(name_server, {add, Name, Place}). find(Name) -> rpc(name_server, {find, Name}). %% callback routines init() -> dict:new(). handle({add, Name, Place}, Dict) -> {ok, dict:store(Name, Place, Dict)}; handle({find, Name}, Dict) -> {dict:find(Name, Dict), Dict}. server1:start(name_server, name_server). name_server:add(joe, "at home"). name_server:find(joe). I tried so hard to understand the workflow of the messages. Would you please help me to understand the workflow of this server implementation during the executing of the functions: server1:start, name_server:add and name_server:find?

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  • question about jQuery droppable/draggable.

    - by FALCONSEYE
    I modified a sample photo manager application. photo manager application Instead of photos, I have employee records coming from a query. My version will let managers mark employees as on vacation, or at work. One of the things I did is to include employee ids like <a href="123">. I get the ids from event.target. This works for the click function but not for the "droppable" function. This is what I have for the click function: $('ul.gallery > li').click(function(ev) { var $item = $(this); var $unid = ev.target; var $target = $(ev.target); if ($target.is('a.ui-icon-suitcase')) { deleteImage($item,$unid); } else if ($target.is('a.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-w')) { recycleImage($item,$unid); } return false; }); ev.target correctly gives the employee id. when i try the same in one of the droppable functions: $gallery.droppable({ accept: '#suitcase li', activeClass: 'custom-state-active', drop: function(ev, ui) { var $unid = ev.target; alert($unid); recycleImage(ui.draggable,$unid); } }); the alert(ui) gives me [object]. What's in this object? How do i get the href out of this? thanks

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  • linear combinations in python/numpy

    - by nmaxwell
    greetings, I'm not sure if this is a dumb question or not. Lets say I have 3 numpy arrays, A1,A2,A3, and 3 floats, c1,c2,c3 and I'd like to evaluate B = A1*c1+ A2*c2+ A3*c3 will numpy compute this as for example, E1 = A1*c1 E2 = A2*c2 E3 = A3*c3 D1 = E1+E2 B = D1+E3 or is it more clever than that? In c++ I had a neat way to abstract this kind of operation. I defined series of general 'LC' template functions, LC for linear combination like: template<class T,class D> void LC( T & R, T & L0,D C0, T & L1,D C1, T & L2,D C2) { R = L0*C0 +L1*C1 +L2*C2; } and then specialized this for various types, so for instance, for an array the code looked like for (int i=0; i<L0.length; i++) R.array[i] = L0.array[i]*C0 + L1.array[i]*C1 + L2.array[i]*C2; thus avoiding having to create new intermediate arrays. This may look messy but it worked really well. I could do something similar in python, but I'm not sure if its nescesary. Thanks in advance for any insight. -nick

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  • Extracting function declarations from a PHP file

    - by byronh
    I'm looking to create an on-site API reference for my framework and application. Basically, say I have a class file model.class.php: class Model extends Object { ... code here ... // Separates results into pages. // Returns Paginator object. final public function paginate($perpage = 10) { ... more code here ... } } and I want to be able to generate a reference that my developers can refer to quickly in order to know which functions are available to be called. They only need to see the comments directly above each function and the declaration line. Something like this (similar to a C++ header file): // Separates results into pages. // Returns Paginator object. final public function paginate($perpage = 10); I've done some research and this answer looked pretty good (using Reflection classes), however, I'm not sure how I can keep the comments in. Any ideas? EDIT: Sorry, but I want to keep the current comment formatting. Myself and the people who are working on the code hate the verbosity associated with PHPDocumentor. Not to mention a comment-rewrite of the entire project would take years, so I want to preserve just the // comments in plaintext.

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  • How can you adjust the height of a jquery UI accordian?

    - by KallDrexx
    In my UI I have an accordian setup that so far functions <div id="object_list"> <h3>Section 1</h3> <div>...content...</div> // More sections </div> The accordian works properly when it is first formed, and it seems to adjust itself well for the content inside each of the sections. However, if I then add more content into the accordian after the .accordian() call (via ajax), the inner for the section ends up overflowing. Since the accordian is being formed with almost no content, all the inner divs are extremely small, and thus the content overflows and you get accordians with scrollbars inside with almost no viewing area. I have attempted to add min-height styles to the object_list div, and the content divs to no avail. Adding the min-height to the inner divs kind of worked, but it messed up the accordian's animations, and adding it to the object_list div did absolutely nothing. How can I get a reasonable size out of the content sections even when there is not enough content to fill those sections?

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  • Calculate the year for ending month/day?

    - by Dave Jarvis
    Given: Start Year Start Month & Start Day End Month & End Day What SQL statement results in TRUE if a date lands between the Start and End days? 1st example: Start Date = 11-22 End Date = 01-17 Start Year = 2009 Specific Date = 2010-01-14 TRUE 2nd example: Start Date = 11-22 End Date = 11-16 Start Year = 2009 Specific Date = 2010-11-20 FALSE 3rd example: Start Date = 02-25 End Date = 03-19 Start Year = 2004 Specific Date = 2004-02-29 TRUE I was thinking of using the MySQL functions datediff and sign plus a CASE condition to determine whether the year wraps, but it seems rather expensive. Am looking for a simple, efficient calculation. Update 1 The problem is the end date cannot simply use the year. The year must be increased if the end month/day combination happens before the start date. The start date is easy: Start Date = date( concat_ws( '-', year, Start Month, Start Day ) ) The end date is not so simple. Update 2 Here is what I was thinking about for obtaining the end year: end_year = case sign( diff( date( concat_ws( year, start_month, start_day ) ), date( concat_ws( year, end_month, end_day ) ) ) ) when -1 then Start_Year + 1 else Start_Year end case Then wrap that expression (once syntactically correct) inside of another date, followed by BETWEEN statement. Update 3 To clear up some confusion: there is no end year. The end year must be calculated. Thank you!

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  • HTTP Negotiate windows vs. Unix server implementation using python-kerberos

    - by ondra
    I tried to implement a simple single-sign-on in my python web server. I have used the python-kerberos package which works nicely. I have tested it from my Linux box (authenticating against active directory) and it was without problem. However, when I tried to authenticate using Firefox from Windows machine (no special setup, just having the user logged into the domain + added my server into negotiate-auth.trusted-uris), it doesn't work. I have looked at what is sent and it doesn't even resemble the things the Linux machine sends. This Microsoft description of the process pretty much resembles the way my interaction from Linux works, but the Windows machine generally sends a very short string, which doesn't even resemble the things microsoft documentation states, and when base64 decoded, it is something like 12 zero bytes followed by 3 or 4 non-zero bytes (GSS functions then return that it doesn't support such scheme) Either there is something wrong with the client Firefox settings, or there is some protocol which I am supposed to follow for the Negotiate protocol, but which I cannot find any reference anywhere. Any ideas what's wrong? Do you have any idea what protocol I should by trying to find, as it doesn' look like SPNEGO, at least from MS documentation.

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  • jQuery AJAX chained calls + Celery in Django

    - by user1029968
    Currently clicking one of the links in my application, triggers AJAX call (GET) that - if succeeds - triggers the second one and this second one - if succeeds - calls the third one. This way user can be informed which part of process started when clicking the link is currently ongoing. So in the template file in Django project, click callback body for link mentioned looks like below: $("#the-link").click(function(item)) { // CALL 1 $.ajax({ url: {% url ajax_call_1 %}, data: { // something } }) .done(function(call1Result) { // CALL 2 $.ajax({ url: {% url ajax_call_1 %}, data: { // call1Result passed here to CALL 2 } }) .done(function(call2Result) { // CALL 3 $.ajax({ url: {%url ajax_call_3 %}, data: { // call2Result passed here to CALL 3 } }) .done(function(call3Result) { // expected result if everything went fine console.log("wow, it worked!"); console.log(call3Result); }) .fail(function(errorObject) { console.log("call3 failed"); console.log(errorObject); } }) .fail(function(errorObject)) { console.log("call2 failed"); console.log(errorObject); } }) .fail(function(errorObject) { console.log("call1 failed"); console.log(errorObject); }); }); This works fine for me. The thing is, I'd like to prevent interrupting the following calls if the user closes the browser and the calls are not finished (as it will take some time to finish all three), as there is some additional logic in Django view functions called in each GET request. For example, if user clicks the link and closes the browser during CALL 1, is it possible to somehow go on with the following CALL 2 and CALL 3? I know that normally I'd be able to use Celery Task to process the function but is it still possible here with the chained calls mentioned? Any help is much appreciated!

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  • Assign C++ instance method to a global-function-pointer ?

    - by umanga
    Greetings, My project structure is as follows: \- base (C static library) callbacks.h callbacks.c paint_node.c . . * libBase.a \-app (C++ application) main.cpp In C library 'base' , I have declared global-function-pointer as: in singleheader file callbacks.h #ifndef CALLBACKS_H_ #define CALLBACKS_H_ extern void (*putPixelCallBack)(); extern void (*putImageCallBack)(); #endif /* CALLBACKS_H_ */ in single C file they are initialized as callbacks.c #include "callbacks.h" void (*putPixelCallBack)(); void (*putImageCallBack)(); Other C files access this callback-functions as: paint_node.c #include "callbacks.h" void paint_node(node *node,int index){ //Call callbackfunction . . putPixelCallBack(node->x,node->y,index); } I compile these C files and generate a static library 'libBase.a' Then in C++ application, I want to assign C++ instance method to this global function-pointer: I did something like follows : in Sacm.cpp file #include "Sacm.h" extern void (*putPixelCallBack)(); extern void (*putImageCallBack)(); void Sacm::doDetection() { putPixelCallBack=(void(*)())&paintPixel; //call somefunctions in 'libBase' C library } void Sacm::paintPixel(int x,int y,int index) { qpainter.begin(this); qpainter.drawPoint(x,y); qpainter.end(); } But when compiling it gives the error: sacmtest.cpp: In member function ‘void Sacm::doDetection()’: sacmtest.cpp:113: error: ISO C++ forbids taking the address of an unqualified or parenthesized non-static member function to form a pointer to member function. Say ‘&Sacm::paintPixel’ sacmtest.cpp:113: error: converting from ‘void (Sacm::)(int, int, int)’ to ‘void ()()’ Any tips?

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  • Setting objct literal property value via asynchronous callback.

    - by typeof
    I'm creating a self-contained javascript utility object that detects advanced browser features. Ideally, my object would look something like this: Support = { borderRadius : false, // values returned by functions gradient : false, // i am defining dataURI : true }; My current problem deals with some code I'm adapting from Weston Ruter's site which detects dataURI support. It attempts to use javascript to create an image with a dataURI source, and uses onload/onerror callbacks to check the width/height. Since onload is asynchronous, I lose my scope and returning true/false does not assign true/false to my object. Here is my attempt: Support = { ... dataURI : function(prop) { prop = prop; // keeps in closure for callback var data = new Image(); data.onload = data.onerror = function(){ if(this.width != 1 || this.height != 1) { that = false; } that = true; } data.src = "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw=="; return -1; }(this) }; I'm executing the anonymous function immediately, passing this (which I hoped was a reference to Support.dataURI), but unfortunately references the window object -- so the value is always -1. I can get it to work by using an externally defined function to assign the value after the Support object is created... but I don't think it's very clean that way. Is there a way for it to be self-contained? Can the object literal's function reference the property it's assigned to?

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  • Boost multi_index_container crash in release mode

    - by Zan Lynx
    I have a program that I just changed to using a boost::multi_index_container collection. After I did that and tested my code in debug mode, I was feeling pretty good about myself. However, then I compiled a release build with NDEBUG set, and the code crashed. Not immediately, but sometimes in single-threaded tests and often in multi-threaded tests. The segmentation faults happen deep inside boost insert and rotate functions related to the index updates and they are happening because a node has NULL left and right pointers. My code looks a bit like this: struct Implementation { typedef std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t> update_pair_type; struct watch {}; struct update {}; typedef boost::multi_index_container< update_pair_type, boost::multi_index::indexed_by< boost::multi_index::ordered_unique< boost::multi_index::tag<watch>, boost::multi_index::member<update_pair_type, uint32_t, &update_pair_type::first> >, boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique< boost::multi_index::tag<update>, boost::multi_index::member<update_pair_type, uint32_t, &update_pair_type::second> > > > update_map_type; typedef std::vector< update_pair_type > update_list_type; update_map_type update_map; update_map_type::iterator update_hint; void register_update(uint32_t watch, uint32_t update); void do_updates(uint32_t start, uint32_t end); }; void Implementation::register_update(uint32_t watch, uint32_t update) { update_pair_type new_pair( watch_offset, update_offset ); update_hint = update_map.insert(update_hint, new_pair); if( update_hint->second != update_offset ) { bool replaced _unused_ = update_map.replace(update_hint, new_pair); assert(replaced); } }

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  • Combobox having values but not showing text

    - by ras
    hi, I'm using GWT-EXT combobox. My problem is when I render the combobox, it's having as many rows as it has values but all the rows are empty means text is not shown. Here's my code. Combobox cb = new Combobox(); cb.setForceSelection(true); cb.setMinChars(1); cb.setWidth(200); cb.setStore(store); // Store is perfectly loaded in combobox cb.setDisplayField("ReportName"); cb.setMode(ComboBox.LOCAL); cb.setTriggerAction(ALL); cb.setEmptyText("--Select--"); cb.setLoadingText("Searching..."); cb.setTypeAhead(true); cb.setSelectOnFocus(true); All other code is working fine. I'm sure for one thing that this problem is related to one of the functions of Combobox. Thanks in advance.

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  • Problem with .release behavior in file_operations

    - by Yannick
    Hello, I'm dealing with a problem in a kernel module that get data from userspace using a /proc entry. I set open/write/release entries for my own defined /proc entry, and manage well to use it to get data from userspace. I handle errors in open/write functions well, and they are visible to user as open/fopen or write/fwrite/fprintf errors. But some of the errors can only be checked at close (because it's the time all the data is available). In these cases I return something different than 0, which I supposed to be in some way the value 'close' or 'fclose' will return to user. But whatever the value I return my close behave like if all is fine. To be sure I replaced all the release() code by a simple 'return(-1);' and wrote a program that open/write/close the /proc entry, and prints the close return value (and the errno). It always return '0' whatever the value I give. Behavior is the same with 'fclose', or by using shell mechanism (echo "..." /proc/my/entry). Any clue about this strange behavior that is not the one claimed in many tutorials I found? BTW I'm using RHEL5 kernel (2.6.18, redhat modified), on a 64bit system. Thanks. Regards, Yannick

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  • JMeter CSV Data Set is corrupting Japanese strings stored as proper UTF-8, I get Question Marks instead

    - by Mark Bennett
    I read in search terms from a simple text file to send to a search engine. It works fine in English, but gives me ???? for any Japanese text. Text with mixed English and Japanese does show the English text, so I know it's reading it. What I'm seeing: Input text: Snow Leopard ??????????????? Turns into: Snow Leopard ??????????????? This is in my POST field of an HTTP. If I set JMeter to encode the data, it just puts in the percent sequence for question marks. Interesting note: In the example above there are 15 Japanese characters, and then 15 question marks, so at some point it's being seen as full characters and not just bytes. About the Data: The CSV file is very simple in structure. There's only one field / one column, which I name TERM, and later use as ${TERM} I don't really need full CSV because it's only one string per line. There's no commas or quotes. When I run the Unix "file" command on the file, it says UTF-8 text. I've also verified it in command line and graphical mode on two machines. JMeter CSV Dataset Config: Filename: japanese-searches.csv File encoding: UTF-8 (also tried without) Variable names: TERM Delimiter: , Allow Quoted Data: False (I also tried True, different, but still wrong) Recycle at EOF: True Stop at EOF: False Staring mode: All threads A few things I've tried: Tried Allow quoted Data. It changed to other strange characters. -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 Tried encoding the POST, but it just turned into a bunch of %nn for question marks And I'm not sure how "debug" just after the each line of the CSV is read in. I think it's corrupted right away, but I'm not sure. If it's only mangled when I reference it, then instead of ${TERM} perhaps there's some other "to bytes" function call. I'll start checking into that. I haven't done anything with the JMeter functions yet.

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  • How do I build a filtered_streambuf based on basic_streambuf?

    - by swestrup
    I have a project that requires me to insert a filter into a stream so that outgoing data will be modified according to the filter. After some research, it seems that what I want to do is create a filtered_streambuf like this: template <class StreamBuf class filtered_streambuf: public StreamBuf { ... } And then insert a filtered_streambuf<> into whichever stream I need to be filtered. My problem is that I don't know what invariants I need to maintain while filtering a stream, in order to ensure that Derived classes can work as expected. In particular, I may find I have filtered_streambufs built over other filtered_streambufs. All the various stream inserters, extractors and manipulators work as expected. The trouble is that I just can't seem to work out what the minimal interface is that I need to supply in order to guarantee that an iostream will have what it needs to work correctly. In particular, do I need to fake the movement of the protected pointer variables, or not? Do I need a fake data buffer, or not? Can I just override the public functions, rewriting them in terms of the base streambuf, or is that too simplistic?

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  • Resizing a GLJPanel with JOGL causes my model to disappear.

    - by badcodenotreat
    I switched over to using a GLJPanel from a GLCanvas to avoid certain flickering issues, however this has created several unintended consequences of it's own. From what I've gleaned so far, GLJPanel calls GLEventListener.init() every time it's resized which either resets various openGL functions i've enabled in init() (depth test, lighting, etc...) if i'm lucky, or completely obliterates my model if i'm not. I've tried debugging it but I'm not able to correct this behavior. This is my init() function: gl.glShadeModel( GL.GL_SMOOTH ); gl.glEnable( GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST ); gl.glDepthFunc( GL.GL_LEQUAL ); gl.glDepthRange( zNear, zFar ); gl.glDisable( GL.GL_LINE_SMOOTH ); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_NORMALIZE); gl.glEnable( GL.GL_BLEND ); gl.glBlendFunc( GL.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA ); // set up the background color gl.glClearColor( ((float)backColor.getRed () / 255.0f), ((float)backColor.getGreen() / 255.0f), ((float)backColor.getBlue () / 255.0f), 1.0f); gl.glEnable ( GL.GL_LIGHTING ); gl.glLightfv( GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_AMBIENT, Constants.AMBIENT_LIGHT, 0 ); gl.glLightfv( GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_DIFFUSE, Constants.DIFFUSE_LIGHT, 0 ); gl.glEnable ( GL.GL_LIGHT0 ); gl.glTexEnvf( GL.GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL.GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL.GL_MODULATE ); gl.glHint( GL.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL.GL_NICEST ); // code to generate model Is there any way around this other than removing everything from init(), adding it to my display() function? Given the behavior of init() and reshape() for GLJPanel, i'm not sure if that will fix it either.

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  • Updating section in ConfigParser (or an alternative)

    - by lyrae
    I am making a plugin for another program and so I am trying to make thing as lightweight as possible. What i need to do is be able to update the name of a section in the ConfigParser's config file. [project name] author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 I then have text fields where user can edit project's name, author, email and year. I don't think changing [project name] is possible, so I have thought of two solutions: 1 -Have my config file like this: [0] projectname: foobar author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 that way i can change project's name just like another option. But the problem is, i would need the section # to be auto incremented. And to do this i would have to get every section, sort of, and figure out what the next number should be. The other option would be to delete the entire section and its value, and re-add it with the updated values which would require a little more work as well, such as passing a variable that holds the old section name through functions, etc, but i wouldn't mind if it's faster. Which of the two is best? or is there another way? I am willing to go with the fastest/lightweight solution possible, doesn't matter if it requires more work or not.

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  • What is a fast way to set debugging code at a given line in a function?

    - by Josh O'Brien
    Preamble: R's trace() is a powerful debugging tool, allowing users to "insert debugging code at chosen places in any function". Unfortunately, using it from the command-line can be fairly laborious. As an artificial example, let's say I want to insert debugging code that will report the between-tick interval calculated by pretty.default(). I'd like to insert the code immediately after the value of delta is calculated, about four lines up from the bottom of the function definition. (Type pretty.default to see where I mean.) To indicate that line, I need to find which step in the code it corresponds to. The answer turns out to be step list(c(12, 3, 3)), which I zero in on by running through the following steps: as.list(body(pretty.default)) as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]]) as.list(as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]])[[3]]) as.list(as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]])[[3]])[[3]] I can then insert debugging code like this: trace(what = 'pretty.default', tracer = quote(cat("\nThe value of delta is: ", delta, "\n\n")), at = list(c(12,3,3))) ## Try it a <- pretty(c(1, 7843)) b <- pretty(c(2, 23)) ## Clean up untrace('pretty.default') Questions: So here are my questions: Is there a way to print out a function (or a parsed version of it) with the lines nicely labeled by the steps to which they belong? Alternatively, is there another easier way, from the command line, to quickly set debugging code for a specific line within a function? Addendum: I used the pretty.default() example because it is reasonably tame, but with real/interesting functions, repeatedly using as.list() quickly gets tiresome and distracting. Here's an example: as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(body(# model.frame.default))[[26]])[[3]])[[2]])[[4]])[[3]])[[4]])[[4]])[[4]])[[3]]

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  • How to implement a 'safe' periodical executer without using the Rails helpers?

    - by Robbie
    I am very new to Ruby on Rails and was never really big on writing JavaScript, so the built in helpers were like a tiny silce of heaven. However I have recently learned that using the helper methods creates "obtrusive javascript" so I am doing a tiny bit of refactoring to get all this messy code out of my view. I'm also using the Prototype API to figure out what all these functions do. Right now, I have: <%= periodically_call_remote(:url => {:action => "tablerefresh", :id => 1 }, :frequency => '5', :complete => "load('26', 'table1', request.responseText)")%> Which produces: <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ new PeriodicalExecuter(function() {new Ajax.Request('/qrpsdrail/grids/tablerefresh/1', {asynchronous:true, evalScripts:true, onComplete:function(request){load('26', 'table1', request.responseText)}, parameters:'authenticity_token=' + encodeURIComponent('dfG7wWyVYEpelfdZvBWk7MlhzZoK7VvtT/HDi3w7gPM=')})}, 5) //]]> </script> My concern is that the "encodeURIComponent" and the presence of "authenticity_token" are generated by Rails. I'm assuming these are used to assure the validity of a request. (Ensuring a request comes from a currently active session?) If that is the case, how can I implement this in application.js 'safely'? It seems that the built in method, although obtrusive, does add some beneficial security. Thanks, in advance, to all who answer.

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  • C# How can I access to a dynamic created array of labels

    - by Markus Betz
    I created an array of labels on runtime. Now i have a problem to access these labels from other functions. Dynamic creation: private void Form1_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e) { Label[] Calendar_Weekday_Day = new Label[7]; for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { Calendar_Weekday_Day[i] = new Label(); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27 + (i * 137), 60); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Size = new System.Drawing.Size(132, 14); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Text = "Montag, 01.01.1970"; this.TabControl1.Controls.Add(Calendar_Weekday_Day[i]); } } And the function where I want to access to the dynamic created array of labels: private void display_weather_from_db(DateTime Weather_Startdate) { Calendar_Weekday_Day[0].Text = "Test1"; Calendar_Weekday_Day[1].Text = "Test2"; } Error shown: Error 1 The name 'Calendar_Weekday_Day' does not exist in the current context Form1.cs 1523 25 Test I tryed this, but didn't help :( public partial class Form1 : Form { private Label[] Calendar_Weekday_Day; } Someone an idea?

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  • Socket isn't listed by netstat unless using certain ports

    - by illuzive
    I'm a computer science student with a few years of programming experience. Yesterday, while working on a project (Mac OS X, BSD sockets) at school, I encountered a strange problem. I was adding several modules to a very basic "server" (mostly a bunch of functions to set up and manage an UDP socket on a certain port). While doing this, I started the server from time to time in order to see that everything worked like it should. I've been using port 32000 during the development of the server. When I start the server and run netstat, the socket is listed as expected. > netstat -p UDP | grep 32000 udp46 0 0 *.32000 *.* However, when I run the server on other ports (random (10000 - 50000)), it's not listed by netstat. My thought was that I had somehow hard coded the port somewhere in the code, but that's not the case. The thing is - I can connect to the socket on any of the tested ports, and it reads data sent to it without any problem at all. It just doesn't get listed by netstat. What I wonder, is if anyone of you have any idea of why this happens? Note: Although this is a project at school, it's not homework. This is just something I want to understand for my own benefit.

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  • Function behaviour on shell(ksh) script

    - by footy
    Here are 2 different versions of a program: this Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; printmsg echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) hello function :) 1 and Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) 0 The only difference between the above 2 programs is that printmsg is 2times in the above program while printmsg is called once in the below program. My Doubt arises here: To quote Be warned: Functions act almost just like external scripts... except that by default, all variables are SHARED between the same ksh process! If you change a variable name inside a function.... that variable's value will still be changed after you have left the function!! But we can clearly see in the 2nd program's output that the value of i remains unchanged. But we are sure that the function is called as the print statement gets the the output of the function and prints it. So why is the output different in both?

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