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• Recursion in assembly?

  - by Davis

  I'm trying to get a better grasp of assembly, and I am a little confused about how to recursively call functions when I have to deal with registers, popping/pushing, etc. I am embedding x86 assembly in C++. Here I am trying to make a method which given an array of integers will build a linked list containing these integers in the order they appear in the array. I am doing this by calling a recursive function: insertElem (struct elem *head, struct elem *newElem, int data) -head: head of the list -data: the number that will be inserted at the end of a list -newElem: points to the location in memory where I will store the new element (data field) My problem is that I keep overwriting the registers instead of a typical linked list. For example, if I give it an array {2,3,1,8,3,9} my linked-list will return the first element (head) and only the last element, because the elements keep overwriting each other after head is no longer null. So here my linked list looks something like: 2--9 instead of 2--3--1--8--3--9 I feel like I don't have a grasp on how to organize and handle the registers. newElem is in EBX and just keeps getting rewritten. Thanks in advance!

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• Improving File Read Performance (single file, C++, Windows)

  - by david

  I have large (hundreds of MB or more) files that I need to read blocks from using C++ on Windows. Currently the relevant functions are: errorType LargeFile::read( void* data_out, __int64 start_position, __int64 size_bytes ) const { if( !m_open ) { // return error } else { seekPosition( start_position ); DWORD bytes_read; BOOL result = ReadFile( m_file, data_out, DWORD( size_bytes ), &bytes_read, NULL ); if( size_bytes != bytes_read || result != TRUE ) { // return error } } // return no error } void LargeFile::seekPosition( __int64 position ) const { LARGE_INTEGER target; target.QuadPart = LONGLONG( position ); SetFilePointerEx( m_file, target, NULL, FILE_BEGIN ); } The performance of the above does not seem to be very good. Reads are on 4K blocks of the file. Some reads are coherent, most are not. A couple questions: Is there a good way to profile the reads? What things might improve the performance? For example, would sector-aligning the data be useful? I'm relatively new to file i/o optimization, so suggestions or pointers to articles/tutorials would be helpful.

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• Trait, FunctionN, or trait-inheriting-FunctionN in Scala?

  - by Willis Blackburn

  I have a trait in Scala that has a single method. Call it Computable and the single method is compute(input: Int): Int. I can't figure out whether I should Leave it as a standalone trait with a single method. Inherit from (Int = Int) and rename "compute" to "apply." Just get rid of Computable and use (Int = Int). A factor in favor of it being a trait is that I could usefully add some additional methods. But of course if they were all implemented in terms of the compute method then I could just break them out into a separate object. A factor in favor of just using the function type is simplicity and the fact that the syntax for an anonymous function is more concise than that for an anonymous Computable instance. But then I've no way to distinguish objects that are actually Computable instances from other functions that map Int to Int but aren't meant to be used in the same context as Computable. How do other people approach this type of problem? No right or wrong answers here; I'm just looking for advice.

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• Prove correctness of unit test

  - by Timo Willemsen

  I'm creating a graph framework for learning purposes. I'm using a TDD approach, so I'm writing a lot of unit tests. However, I'm still figuring out how to prove the correctness of my unit tests For example, I have this class (not including the implementation, and I have simplified it) public class SimpleGraph(){ //Returns true on success public boolean addEdge(Vertex v1, Vertex v2) { ... } //Returns true on sucess public boolean addVertex(Vertex v1) { ... } } I also have created this unit tests @Test public void SimpleGraph_addVertex_noSelfLoopsAllowed(){ SimpleGraph g = new SimpleGraph(); Vertex v1 = new Vertex('Vertex 1'); actual = g.addVertex(v1); boolean expected = false; boolean actual = g.addEdge(v1,v1); Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } Okay, awesome it works. There is only one crux here, I have proved that the functions work for this case only. However, in my graph theory courses, all I'm doing is proving theorems mathematically (induction, contradiction etc. etc.). So I was wondering is there a way I can prove my unit tests mathematically for correctness? So is there a good practice for this. So we're testing the unit for correctness, instead of testing it for one certain outcome.

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• object / class methods serialized as well?

  - by Mat90

  I know that data members are saved to disk but I was wondering whether object's/class' methods are saved in binary format as well? Because I found some contradictionary info, for example: Ivor Horton: "Class objects contain function members as well as data members, and all the members, both data and functions, have access specifiers; therefore, to record objects in an external file, the information written to the file must contain complete specifications of all the class structures involved." and: Are methods also serialized along with the data members in .NET? Thus: are method's assembly instructions (opcodes and operands) stored to disk as well? Just like a precompiled LIB or DLL? During the DOS ages I used assembly so now and then. As far as I remember from Delphi and the following site (answer by dan04): Are methods also serialized along with the data members in .NET? sizeof(<OBJECT or CLASS>) will give the size of all data members together (no methods/procedures). Also a nice C example is given there with data and members declared in one class/struct but at runtime these methods are separate procedures acting on a struct of data. However, I think that later class/object implementations like Pascal's VMT may be different in memory.

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• Is there a term for this concept, and does it exist in a static-typed language?

  - by Strilanc

  Recently I started noticing a repetition in some of my code. Of course, once you notice a repetition, it becomes grating. Which is why I'm asking this question. The idea is this: sometimes you write different versions of the same class: a raw version, a locked version, a read-only facade version, etc. These are common things to do to a class, but the translations are highly mechanical. Surround all the methods with lock acquires/releases, etc. In a dynamic language, you could write a function which did this to an instance of a class (eg. iterate over all the functions, replacing them with a version which acquires/releases a lock.). I think a good term for what I mean is 'reflected class'. You create a transformation which takes a class, and returns a modified-in-a-desired-way class. Synchronization is the easiest case, but there are others: make a class immutable [wrap methods so they clone, mutate the clone, and include it in the result], make a class readonly [assuming you can identify mutating methods], make a class appear to work with type A instead of type B, etc. The important part is that, in theory, these transformations make sense at compile-time. Even though an ActorModel<T> has methods which change depending on T, they depend on T in a specific way knowable at compile-time (ActorModel<T> methods would return a future of the original result type). I'm just wondering if this has been implemented in a language, and what it's called.

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• Python: Does one of these examples waste more memory?

  - by orokusaki

  In a Django view function which uses manual transaction committing, I have: context = RequestContext(request, data) transaction.commit() return render_to_response('basic.html', data, context) # Returns a Django ``HttpResponse`` object which is similar to a dictionary. I think it is a better idea to do this: context = RequestContext(request, data) response = render_to_response('basic.html', data, context) transaction.commit() return response If the page isn't rendered correctly in the second version, the transaction is rolled back. This seems like the logical way of doing it albeit there won't likely be many exceptions at that point in the function when the application is in production. But... I fear that this might cost more and this will be replete through a number of functions since the application is heavy with custom transaction handling, so now is the time to figure out. If the HttpResponse instance is in memory already (at the point of render_to_response()), then what does another reference cost? When the function ends, doesn't the reference (response variable) go away so that when Django is done converting the HttpResponse into a string for output Python can immediately garbage collect it? Is there any reason I would want to use the first version (other than "It's 1 less line of code.")?

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• Event not triggering

  - by the Hampster

  I have no idea where to start on this one. I have a that does not appear until a button is clicked. This function call works: onclick="highlight('mod_sup_div', true);" function highlight(aDiv,show) { if (show) { Effect.Appear('Overlay',{duration: 0.5, to: .80}); Effect.Appear(aDiv,{duration: 0.5}) } else { Effect.Fade('Overlay',{duration: 0.5, to: .80}); Effect.Fade(aDiv,{duration: 0.5}) } } In the <div> I have a button to close the window. <p class="closer"><span onclick="highlight('mod_sup_div',false)">X</span></p> This does not work. The function is not even called, as I made a alert() the first line of the function at it does nothing. What is odd, is that onclick="Effect.Fade(aDiv,{duration: 0.5})" does work. Other simple javascript functions in the onclick="" work, except for the function call. Any help as to why this is happening would be very appreciated. Thanks, Dave

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• jquery autocomplete: works for first value, how to enable it for next?

  - by Toni Michel Caubet

  hello there! I'm using autocomplete so user can easly enter data on inputs, like this: <? $a = new etiqueta(0, ''); $b = $a->autocomplete_etiquetas(); ?> <script type="text/javascript"> function cargar_autocomplete_etiquetas(){ $("#tags").autocomplete({ source: [<? echo $b; ?>] }); } </script> $a = $b its an array with a result like: 'help','please',i','need','to,'be able to', 'select next item',' with autocomplete'; and i checked the ui documentation, but it doesn't fith with my source method.. any idea? I'm trying like this (edited with Bugai13 aportation): <? $a = new etiqueta(0, ''); $b = $a->autocomplete_etiquetas(); ?> <script type="text/javascript"> function cargar_autocomplete_etiquetas(){ $("#tags").autocomplete({ source: [<? echo $b; ?>], multiple: true, multipleSeparator: ", ", matchContains: true }); } </script> but i don't know how to do it.. any idea? are .push and .pop functions from the autocomplete? or shall i define, them? thanks again! PS: i'm getting adicted to this site! PS: come on dudes, i think the answer will be very usefull for many people PS: is it allowed to offer paypal reward?

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• SSRS code variable resetting on new page

  - by edmicman

  In SSRS 2008 I am trying to maintain a SUM of SUMs on a group using custom Code. The reason is that I have a table of data, grouped and returning SUMs of the data. I have a filter on the group to remove lines where group sums are zero. Everything works except I'm running into problems with the group totals - it should be summing the visible group totals but is instead summing the entire dataset. There's tons of articles about how to work around this, usually using custom code. I've made custom functions and variables to maintain a counter: Public Dim GroupMedTotal as Integer Public Dim GrandMedTotal as Integer Public Function CalcMedTotal(ThisValue as Integer) as Integer GroupMedTotal = GroupMedTotal + ThisValue GrandMedTotal = GrandMedTotal + ThisValue Return ThisValue End Function Public Function ReturnMedSubtotal() as Integer Dim ThisValue as Integer = GroupMedTotal GroupMedTotal = 0 Return ThisValue End Function Basically CalcMedTotal is fed a SUM of a group, and maintains a running total of that sum. Then in the group total line I output ReturnMedSubtotal which is supposed to give me the accumulated total and reset it for the next group. This actually works great, EXCEPT - it is resetting the GroupMedTotal value on each page break. I don't have page breaks explicitly set, it's just the natural break in the SSRS viewer. And if I export the results to Excel everything works and looks correctly. If I output Code.GroupMedTotal on each group row, I see it count correctly, and then if a group spans multiple pages on the next page GroupMedTotal is reset and begins counting from zero again. Any help in what's going on or how to work around this? Thanks!

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• How to determine which inheriting class is using an abstract class's methods.

  - by Kin

  In my console application have an abstract Factory class "Listener" which contains code for listening and accepting connections, and spawning client classes. This class is inherited by two more classes (WorldListener, and MasterListener) that contain more protocol specific overrides and functions. I also have a helper class (ConsoleWrapper) which encapsulates and extends System.Console, containing methods for writing to console info on what is happening to instances of the WorldListener and MasterListener. I need a way to determine in the abstract ListenerClass which Inheriting class is calling its methods. Any help with this problem would be greatly appreciated! I am stumped :X Simplified example of what I am trying to do. abstract class Listener { public void DoSomething() { if(inheriting class == WorldListener) ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("Did something!"); if(inheriting class == MasterListener) ConsoleWrapper.MasterWrite("Did something!"); } } public static ConsoleWrapper { public void WorldWrite(string input) { System.Console.WriteLine("[World] {0}", input); } } public class WorldListener : Listener { public void DoSomethingSpecific() { ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("I did something specific!"); } } public void Main() { new WorldListener(); new MasterListener(); } Expected output [World] Did something! [World] I did something specific! [Master] Did something! [World] I did something specific!

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• how to set style through javascript in IE immediately

  - by rezna

  Hi, recently I've encountered a problem with IE. I have a function function() { ShowProgress(); DoSomeWork(); HideProgress(); } where ShowProgress and HideProgress just manipulate the 'display' CSS style using jQuery's css() method. In FF everything is OK, and at the same time I change the display property to block, progress-bar appears. But not in IE. In IE the style is applied, once I leave the function. Which means it's never shown, because at the end of the function I simply hide it. (if I remove the HideProgress line, the progress-bar appears right after finishing executing the function (more precisely, immediately when the calling functions ends - and so there's nothing else going on in IE)). Has anybody encountered this behavior? Is there a way to get IE to apply the style immediately? I've prepared a solution but it would take me some time to implement it. My DoSomeWork() method is doing some AJAX calls, and these are right now synchronous. I assume that making them asynchronous will kind of solve the problem, but I have to redesign the code a bit, so finding a solution just for applying the style immediately would much simplier. Thanks rezna

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• How to return a record from function, executed by INSERT/UPDATE rule (trigger)?

  - by seas

  Do the following scheme for my database: create sequence data_sequence; create table data_table { id integer primary key; field varchar(100); }; create view data_view as select id, field from data_table; create function data_insert(_new data_view) returns data_view as $$declare _id integer; _result data_view%rowtype; begin _id := nextval('data_sequence'); insert into data_table(id, field) values(_id, _new.field); select * into _result from data_view where id = _id; return _result; end; $$ language plpgsql; create rule insert as on insert to data_view do instead select data_insert(new); Then type in psql: insert into data_view(field) values('abc'); Would like to see something like: id | field ----+--------- 1 | abc Instead see: data_insert ------------- (1, "abc") Is it possible to fix this somehow? Thanks for any ideas. Ultimate idea is to use this in other functions, so that I could obtain id of just inserted record without selecting for it from scratch. Something like: insert into data_view(field) values('abc') returning id into my_variable would be nice but doesn't work with error: ERROR: cannot perform INSERT RETURNING on relation "data_view" HINT: You need an unconditional ON INSERT DO INSTEAD rule with a RETURNING clause. I don't really understand that HINT. I use PostgreSQL 8.4.

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• How do I build a filtered_streambuf based on basic_streambuf?

  - by swestrup

  I have a project that requires me to insert a filter into a stream so that outgoing data will be modified according to the filter. After some research, it seems that what I want to do is create a filtered_streambuf like this: template <class StreamBuf class filtered_streambuf: public StreamBuf { ... } And then insert a filtered_streambuf<> into whichever stream I need to be filtered. My problem is that I don't know what invariants I need to maintain while filtering a stream, in order to ensure that Derived classes can work as expected. In particular, I may find I have filtered_streambufs built over other filtered_streambufs. All the various stream inserters, extractors and manipulators work as expected. The trouble is that I just can't seem to work out what the minimal interface is that I need to supply in order to guarantee that an iostream will have what it needs to work correctly. In particular, do I need to fake the movement of the protected pointer variables, or not? Do I need a fake data buffer, or not? Can I just override the public functions, rewriting them in terms of the base streambuf, or is that too simplistic?

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• How to encapsulate a WinAPI application into a C++ class

  - by Semen Semenych

  There is a simple WinAPI application. All it does currently is this: register a window class register a tray icon with a menu create a value in the registry in order to autostart and finally, it checks if it's unique using a mutex As I'm used to writing code mainly in C++, and no MFC is allowed, I'm forced to encapsulate this into C++ classes somehow. So far I've come up with such a design: there is a class that represents the application it keeps all the wndclass, hinstance, etc variables, where the hinstance is passed as a constructor parameter as well as the icmdshow and others (see WinMain prototype) it has functions for registering the window class, tray icon, reigstry information it encapsulates the message loop in a function In WinMain, the following is done: Application app(hInstance, szCmdLIne, iCmdShow); return app.exec(); and the constructor does the following: registerClass(); registerTray(); registerAutostart(); So far so good. Now the question is : how do I create the window procedure (must be static, as it's a c-style pointer to a function) AND keep track of what the application object is, that is, keep a pointer to an Application around. The main question is : is this how it's usually done? Am I complicating things too much? Is it fine to pass hInstance as a parameter to the Application constructor? And where's the WndProc? Maybe WndProc should be outside of class and the Application pointer be global? Then WndProc invokes Application methods in response to various events.

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• Updating section in ConfigParser (or an alternative)

  - by lyrae

  I am making a plugin for another program and so I am trying to make thing as lightweight as possible. What i need to do is be able to update the name of a section in the ConfigParser's config file. [project name] author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 I then have text fields where user can edit project's name, author, email and year. I don't think changing [project name] is possible, so I have thought of two solutions: 1 -Have my config file like this: [0] projectname: foobar author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 that way i can change project's name just like another option. But the problem is, i would need the section # to be auto incremented. And to do this i would have to get every section, sort of, and figure out what the next number should be. The other option would be to delete the entire section and its value, and re-add it with the updated values which would require a little more work as well, such as passing a variable that holds the old section name through functions, etc, but i wouldn't mind if it's faster. Which of the two is best? or is there another way? I am willing to go with the fastest/lightweight solution possible, doesn't matter if it requires more work or not.

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• Using function arguments to dynamically generate a query

  - by Varun

  I am working on an issue management system, developed in PHP/MySQL. It requires search functionality, where the user will mention the search parameters and based on these parameters the system will return the result set. To solve this I am trying to write a function and all the user selected parameters are passed as arguments. Based on the arguments I will dynamically generate the query. Sample Query: select * from tickets inner join ticket_assigned_to on tickets.id=ticket_assigned_to.ticket_id where tickets.project_id= in ('') and tickets.status in ('') and ticket_assigned_to.user_id in ('') and tickets.reporter_user_id='' and tickets.operator_user_id in ('') and tickets.due_date between '' and '' and tickets.ts_created between '' and ''; I also need to handle cases where the arguments can be ORed or ANDed in the query. For example: select * from tickets inner join ticket_assigned_to on tickets.id=ticket_assigned_to.ticket_id where tickets.project_id= in ('') and tickets.status in ('') or tickets.due_date = '' or tickets.ts_created between '' and ''; I am also planning to use the same function at other places in the project also. Like to display all the tickets of a user or all tickets created between given dates and so on... How to handle this situation? Should I go with a single function which handles all this or numerous small functions? Need guidance here.

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• Ruby syntax error: unexpected $end, expecting keyword_end

  - by user2839246

  I am supposed to: Capitalize the first letter of string. Capitalize every word except articles (the, a, an), conjunctions (and), and prepositions (in). Capitalize i (as in "I am male."). Specify the first word of a string (I actually have no idea what this means. I'm trying to run the spec file to test other functions). Here's my code: class Book def initialize(string) title(string) end def title(string) arts_conjs_preps = %w{ a an the and but or nor for yet so although because since unless despite in to } array = string.downcase.split array.each do |word| if (word == array[0] || word == "i") then word = word.capitalize if arts_conjs_preps !include?(word) then word = word.capitalize end puts array.join(' ') end end puts Book.new("inferno") Ruby says I'm messing up at: puts Book.new("inferno") <--(right after the last line of code) I get exactly the same error message with this test code: def title(string) array = string.downcase.split array.each do |word| if word == array[0] then word = word.capitalize end array.join(' ') end puts title("dante's inferno") The only other Stack Overflow thread regarding this particular syntax error that did not suggest trailing or missing ends or .s as the root of the problem is here. The last comment recommends deleting and recreating the gemset, Which sounds scary. And I'm not sure how to do. Any thoughts? Simple solution? Resources to help? Solution class Book def initialize(string) title(string) end def title(string) arts_conjs_preps = %w{ a an the and but or nor for yet so although because since unless despite of in to } array = string.downcase.split title = array.map do |word| if (word == array[0] || word == "i") || !arts_conjs_preps.include?(word) word = word.capitalize else word end end puts title.join(' ') end end Book.new("dante's the inferno")

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• Avoiding seasonality assumption for stl() or decompose() in R

  - by user303922

  Hello everybody, I have high frequency commodity price data that I need to analyze. My objective is to not assume any seasonal component and just identify a trend. Here is where I run into problems with R. There are two main functions that I know of to analyze this time series: decompose() and stl(). The problem is that they both take a ts object type with a frequency parameter greater than or equal to 2. Is there some way I can assume a frequency of 1 per unit time and still analyze this time series using R? I'm afraid that if I assume frequency greater than 1 per unit time, and seasonality is calculated using the frequency parameter, then my forecasts are going to depend on that assumption. names(crude.data)=c('Date','Time','Price') names(crude.data) freq = 2 win.graph() plot(crude.data$Time,crude.data$Price, type="l") crude.data$Price = ts(crude.data$Price,frequency=freq) I want frequency to be 1 per unit time but then decompose() and stl() don't work! dim(crude.data$Price) decom = decompose(crude.data$Price) win.graph() plot(decom$random[2:200],type="line") acf(decom$random[freq:length(decom$random-freq)]) Thank you.

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• Retreive value stored in array with jquery index

  - by Dustin

  I am trying to retreive the stored value (div id) of an index stored in var "current" when it's div is clicked, so I can use it in a function to iterate through to the next index later. I want to store this stored value in a var so I can use it in a div show/hide function. my html is quite simple: <div class="gallerypreview" id="1"></div> <div class="gallerypreview" id="2"></div> <div class="gallerypreview" id="3"></div> my javascript is something like this: var images = new Array(); $(document).ready( function(){ $('.gallerypreview').each(function() { images.push($(this).attr("id")); }); $('.gallerypreview').click(function() { var current = $('.gallerypreview').index(this); }); }); how would I go about retrieving the div id from this clicked div? nothing I have tried has worked. I can get the index # fine, but I cannot find the value of the index using any functions that utilize the index # yet.

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• Am I understanding premature optimization correctly?

  - by Ed Mazur

  I've been struggling with an application I'm writing and I think I'm beginning to see that my problem is premature optimization. The perfectionist side of me wants to make everything optimal and perfect the first time through, but I'm finding this is complicating the design quite a bit. Instead of writing small, testable functions that do one simple thing well, I'm leaning towards cramming in as much functionality as possible in order to be more efficient. For example, I'm avoiding multiple trips to the database for the same piece of information at the cost of my code becoming more complex. One part of me wants to just not worry about redundant database calls. It would make it easier to write correct code and the amount of data being fetched is small anyway. The other part of me feels very dirty and unclean doing this. :-) I'm leaning towards just going to the database multiple times, which I think is the right move here. It's more important that I finish the project and I feel like I'm getting hung up because of optimizations like this. My question is: is this the right strategy to be using when avoiding premature optimization?

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• Preprocessor "macro function" vs. function pointer - best practice?

  - by Dustin

  I recently started a small personal project (RGB value to BGR value conversion program) in C, and I realised that a function that converts from RGB to BGR can not only perform the conversion but also the inversion. Obviously that means I don't really need two functions rgb2bgr and bgr2rgb. However, does it matter whether I use a function pointer instead of a macro? For example: int rgb2bgr (const int rgb); /* * Should I do this because it allows the compiler to issue * appropriate error messages using the proper function name, * not to mention possible debugging benefits? */ int (*bgr2rgb) (const int bgr) = rgb2bgr; /* * Or should I do this since it is merely a convenience * and they're really the same function anyway? */ #define bgr2rgb(bgr) (rgb2bgr (bgr)) I'm not necessarily looking for a change in execution efficiency as it's more of a subjective question out of curiosity. I am well aware of the fact that type safety is neither lost nor gained using either method. Would the function pointer merely be a convenience or are there more practical benefits to be gained of which I am unaware?

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• Function behaviour on shell(ksh) script

  - by footy

  Here are 2 different versions of a program: this Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; printmsg echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) hello function :) 1 and Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) 0 The only difference between the above 2 programs is that printmsg is 2times in the above program while printmsg is called once in the below program. My Doubt arises here: To quote Be warned: Functions act almost just like external scripts... except that by default, all variables are SHARED between the same ksh process! If you change a variable name inside a function.... that variable's value will still be changed after you have left the function!! But we can clearly see in the 2nd program's output that the value of i remains unchanged. But we are sure that the function is called as the print statement gets the the output of the function and prints it. So why is the output different in both?

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• Enumeration trouble: redeclared as different kind of symbol

  - by Matt

  Hello all. I am writing a program that is supposed to help me learn about enumeration data types in C++. The current trouble is that the compiler doesn't like my enum usage when trying to use the new data type as I would other data types. I am getting the error "redeclared as different kind of symbol" when compiling my trangleShape function. Take a look at the relevant code. Any insight is appreciated! Thanks! (All functions are their own .cpp files.) header file #ifndef HEADER_H_INCLUDED #define HEADER_H_INCLUDED #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; enum triangleType {noTriangle, scalene, isoceles, equilateral}; //prototypes void extern input(float&, float&, float&); triangleType extern triangleShape(float, float, float); /*void extern output (float, float, float);*/ void extern myLabel(const char *, const char *); #endif // HEADER_H_INCLUDED main function //8.1 main // this progam... #include "header.h" int main() { float sideLength1, sideLength2, sideLength3; char response; do //main loop { input (sideLength1, sideLength2, sideLength3); triangleShape (sideLength1, sideLength2, sideLength3); //output (sideLength1, sideLength2, sideLength3); cout << "\nAny more triangles to analyze? (y,n) "; cin >> response; } while (response == 'Y' || response == 'y'); myLabel ("8.1", "2/11/2011"); return 0; } triangleShape shape # include "header.h" triangleType triangleShape(sideLenght1, sideLength2, sideLength3) { triangleType triangle; return triangle; }

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• java number exceeds long.max_value - how to detect?

  - by jurchiks

  I'm having problems detecting if a sum/multiplication of two numbers exceeds the maximum value of a long integer. Example code: long a = 2 * Long.MAX_VALUE; System.out.println("long.max * smth > long.max... or is it? a=" + a); This gives me -2, while I would expect it to throw a NumberFormatException... Is there a simple way of making this work? Because I have some code that does multiplications in nested IF blocks or additions in a loop and I would hate to add more IFs to each IF or inside the loop. Edit: oh well, it seems that this answer from another question is the most appropriate for what I need: http://stackoverflow.com/a/9057367/540394 I don't want to do boxing/unboxing as it adds unnecassary overhead, and this way is very short, which is a huge plus to me. I'll just write two short functions to do these checks and return the min or max long. Edit2: here's the function for limiting a long to its min/max value according to the answer I linked to above: /** * @param a : one of the two numbers added/multiplied * @param b : the other of the two numbers * @param c : the result of the addition/multiplication * @return the minimum or maximum value of a long integer if addition/multiplication of a and b is less than Long.MIN_VALUE or more than Long.MAX_VALUE */ public static long limitLong(long a, long b, long c) { return (((a > 0) && (b > 0) && (c <= 0)) ? Long.MAX_VALUE : (((a < 0) && (b < 0) && (c >= 0)) ? Long.MIN_VALUE : c)); } Tell me if you think this is wrong.

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